Force feed cooling system for internal combustion engines

Dec. 25, 1934. j. z. brubaker 1,985,240

FORCE FEED COOLING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

Filed Oct. 23, 1930

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Patented Dec. 25, 1934

1,985,240

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE

1,985,240

FORCE FEED COOLING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES

Jacob Z. Brubaker, Manheim, Pa.

Application October 23, 1930, Serial No. 490,722

Claims. (CL 123—170)

This application is in part a continuation of my application, Serial No. 397,279, filed October 4, 1929, patented January 20, 1931, Patent No. 1,789,540.

The object of my invention is to provide an improved cooling system for motors of the internal combustion engine type whereby a constant circulation of cooler water is kept up around the cylinders and of hotter water around the head 10 of the motor; to provide a plurality of pumps whereby water is operated through force feed and there is - a constant flow throughout the length of the motor and cylinder head casings, whereby various advantages, including better lu15 brication and better combustion of the charge are effected by maintaining the head and block of the motor at the different temperatures desirable, the latter at a cooler temperature than the head. It is also an object of my invention 20 to provide a system that will be highly efficient for controlling the temperature of motors and cooling same and which will facilitate the operation of the engine in hot weather and will greatly increase the life of the motor.

I attain these and other objects and advantages of my invention by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which,— Figure 1 is a side elevation of my invention applied to an internal combustion engine;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of same;

Fig. 3 is a detail plan view of the gasket 6; and Fig. 4 is a front elevation, reduced size, of the radiator with portions broken away to show the disposition of the partition 19 and openings 20.

Like numerals designate like parts in each of the several views.

Referring to the accompanying drawing, I provide a pump 1 by means of which water is circulated through the conduit 2 to the cylinder 40 block 14 and thence through a brass pipe 3 within the cylinder block and through gasket opening 5 to the cylinder head 4 whence the water flows to opposite ends of the head and through the spaced conduits 7 and 7' into the common 45 conduit 8 leading to the top of the radiator 9 whence the water passes through conduit 10 bpening out of the lower portions of the upper half of the radiator and returns to the pump 1 where it is again carried through the same course 50 by a force feed. The radiator is separated into an upper and lower section by the preferably horizontal partition 19.

I provide a second pump 11 by which the water is driven through the conduits 12 and 13 into 55 the cylinder block 14 and thence lengthwise of the cylinder block to and through the conduit 15 into the upper portion of the lower half 16 of the radiator, the water thence flowing downwardly and out through conduit 17 to return to the pump 11 and follow the same course. 5

As illustrated in Figs. 1 and 4 of the drawing,

I provide a gasket 6 which separates the head of the motor from the cylinder block, this gasket however being provided with openings 18 at each end which permits of a limited circulation of 10 water between the head and block. I also provide a preferably horizontal partition 19 separating the radiator into an upper and lower section substantially corresponding in position vertically with the gasket 6 which separates the head from the block 15 of the motor. The partition 19 is provided with suitable openings 20 in the ends to permit of a limited circulation of.water between the upper and lower sections of the radiator. These passages 18 and 19 permit of the passage of water at 20 a slow rate between the respective upper and lower main compartments.

Heretofore it has been the usual practice in cooling motors to have a single water jacket around the cylinders and valves, the water en- 25 tering the lower part of the cylinder block and being emitted through ports from the cylinder block into the cylinder head and then into the radiator for cooling. In such a system the cylinder block and cylinder head have almost the same 30 temperature. This is a situation which is not calculated to attain the most efficient operation of the motor. In such an ordinary cooling system a motor will develop the most power at a certain temperature due to the fact that as the 35 temperature rises the combustion improves, while on the other hand as the temperature rises in the cylinders the efficiency of that part of the motor decreases due to the fact that the film of oil on the cylinder walls and pistons is too thin 40 when hot to thoroughly lubricate or seal the piston rings to maintain proper compression.

In my new system the cylinder head is maintained at a temperature approximately 75 degrees hotter than the temperature maintained in the 45 cylinder block. By providing two independent pumps I obtain two separate circulating systems constantly in operation by which water is circulated through the head and block of the motor by the force feed. Consequently I have a hot ⁵⁰cylinder head and a well-cooled cylinder block and thereby obtain a higher motor efficiency. A further advantage attained is that the engine is easier to operate in cool weather due to the fact that the cylinder head is warmed up more 55

1,985,340 quickly than In the old system, with the result of better acceleration, and more efficient performance of the engine.

Particular attention is called to the fact that 5 in my construction the cooler section of the radiator is at the bottom and the warmer section at the top, thus making use of the natural tendency of the hot water to rise, the water being permitted to pass up through the openings 20 in the parti10 tion 19. A similar operation occurs as between the head 4 and the cylinder block 14, the hot water being permitted to rise through the passages 18 from the block into the head 4. The system of circulation is thorough since the water 15 circulates lengthwise through the motor, practically eliminating all dead water-pockets. The heating of the head of the motor result» in better combustion while the well cooled cylinder will hold a good film of oil to lubricate and seal the 20 piston rings and thereby obtain a better compression.

A low cylinder temperature allows a higher compression without spark rap. A cheap grade of oil in a well cooled cylinder will lubricate bet25 ter than an expensive oil in a hot cylinder, also greatly reducing the consumption, and for this reason the maintenance of the block at a cooler temperature is a highly desirable result which is attained by my invention. The combination of 30 a hot head and a well cooled cylinder results in better combustion, better and higher compression, better lubrication with less oil consumption, whereby to develop more horsepower per rating of piston displacement and resulting in a smooth 35 and highly efficient motor.