Untitled record

Application filed March 17, 1927, Serial No. 176,139, and in Germany March 17, 1926.

The invention relates to presses. for the manufacture of artificial stones, blocks, bricks or the like, such as refractory bricks, for instance, and in particular to hydraulic ⁶ presses with upper and lower pressing dies.

The object of the invention is to provide means .whereby in presses, the press table of which is provided with a number of moulding openings wedge shaped 'bricks or bricks ^Jo of any appropriate profile can be manufactured.

Another object of the invention is to provide means for filling simultaneously the mould openings by means of a charging box, ¹⁵ without any loss of pressing mass filled in the compartments: of the charging box.

Still another object of the invention is to provide means whereby the freshly pressed bricks despite their special cross-section can ²⁹ be removed from the press by mechanical means without damage. .-.

The proper filling by means of a charging . box is effected according to the invention by arranging on that part of the press table on 2S which, the .charging box moves, that is, in _;.front of the mould openings,, ledges or rails : the upper'surface of which corresponds. in shape to the upper, surface of the lower dies. In.lthe manufacture of. wedge-shaped bricks 30 the upper surface of the ledges, or rails is , slanting corresponding-to the slanting upper surface of the lower dies. In the manufacture of profiled bricks the ledges of rails are profiled in accordance with the particular 35' profile of. the...lower dies used at the time.

' The rear and front.walls of the charging box ..are provided · with recesses into which the slanting or profiled ledges or rails fit. .

< The proper removal of the pressed wedge40 shaped or profiled bricks ejected;from the mould ..openings and resting on.the lower dies is effected. according to the present invention by providing ledges or rails of corresponding shape bn that side of the table 45 on.which the bricks are,removed or in-other ' words behind the mould openings.

..' The, drawings.illustrate the invention by a. few' applications -which relate both to the . manufacture of wedge-shaped as - well. as 50 . bricks, of .other profiles. . . ; ;

· Fig. 1 shows, a. cross section through a - press,ip which.wedge-shaped bricks with two . inclined surfaces-are ipade. 7..-.

Fig. 2 is a plan of the press shown in Fig. 1, whereby the upper press dies are 5-5 omitted.

Fig. 3 is a section through the charging box in its position of rest along a line X/X in Fig. 2 on an enlarged scale.

. Fig. 4 is, also on an enlarged scale, a sec- 60 tion along a line Y/Y in Fig. 2 through that side of the press table on which the finished pressed bricks are shoved off.

Fig. 5 is a plan of a press table in which guiding ledges are only provided on the fill- 65 ing side, the finished pressed bricks beingshoved off on the level surface of the table.

Figs. 6-12 show various kinds of profiled bricks and the profiled guide ledges to be arranged on the press table for this purpose 70 in accordance with the invention.

Figures 1-4 apply to the arrangement of slanting table ledges as required for the manufacture of wedge-shaped bricks. The press table 1 is secured by the pillars 12 be- 75 tween the upper press cylinder 2 and the lower press cylinder 3. There are three mould openings 4 in the press table 1. The charging box 5 has in like manner three compartments. Each compartment of the charging 80 box 5-is filled with pressing mass as. required for one brick. A cross-beam 7 is fastened to the charing box by means of the bars 8, said cross beam, when the charging box is moved forward, driving the pressed 85 bricks ejected from the mould openings along before it out of the range of the press dies.

. Both the lower dies 9 and the. upper dies 10 are provided with inclined heads in ac- 90 cordance with the slanting surfaces above and below of each wedge-shaped brick 8 to be made.·

Tn Fig. 1 the press is shown at the moment in which, after finished pressing, the upper 95 dies 10 have been withdrawn. The wedgeshaped bricks 8 are still in the position in which they have just been compressed on the press dies 9 and are about to be ejected from the mould openings by lifting the low- 100 er dies-9 and then carried away by the crossbeam 7. . The ledges or rails 11 provided with slanting surfaces are arranged on the press table 1 before and behind the mould openings 4. 105 The slant of the surfaces of the ledges or

1,652,88'1 iO rails corresponds to the slant of the surfaces of the lower dies 9, so that the surface of each ledge 11 forms a plane with, the surface of the corresponding lower die when the latter on ejecting the wedge-shaped brick 8 is moved into its extreme upper position. Accordingly the wedge-shaped bricks 8, when the charging box is moved forward, can also be shoved along by the cross-beam 7, on the slanting ledges 11 behind the mould openings on the side of removal Avithout danger of disturbing the further pressing operations.

The front and rear Avails of the charging box 5 are provided below Avith recesses (Fig. 3) in which the slanting ledges or rails 11 fit. In moving forward the charging box 5 to the mould openings 4 the pressing mass glides along on the slanting ledges 11 without disturbance until it arrives over the adjoining slanting surfaces of the loAver dies 9. The latter are now sunk down, whereby the pressing mass resting thereon folloAVS, gliding out of the compartments of the charging box into the mould openings beneath. This ensures a. proper filling of the mould openings 4, Avhereby at the very beginning there is more pressing mass on the broader side of the Avedge-shaped bricks than on the narroAV side. This distribution of the pressing mass in the mould opening ensures the production of Avedge-shaped bricks Avhich as a. result of the exact distribution of the pressing mass throughout their entire cross section are compressed with absolute uniformity.

The press shown in Fig. 5 is intended for the manufacture of profiled bricks shown in side and plan in Figs. 10 and 11. Three mould openings 4 are. provided in the press table 1 for simultaneously pressing three bricks. The charging box 5 glides on the side of the table in front of the mould openings. There are three guide ledges or rails ll^c fitted on this part of the table surface in front of the three mould openings 4. The arched ledges 11° project through corresponding recesses in the Avails of the charging box 5. serving as its bottom. Tlie profile of the ledges 11° will be seen at 16 in section in Fig. 10 and corresponds exactly to the surface profile to be used in this case, of the loAver dies moved up and doAvn in the mould openings 4.

No guide ledges are provided in the example shoAvn in Fig. 5 on that side of the press table on Avhich the finished pressed bricks are shoved off by the cross-beam 7 into tlie position indicated by dotted lines, seeing that the profiled brick shoAvn in Figs. 10 and 11 possesses in itself a sufficiently ----- _{niuluuu ux} nxige level resting surface, so that it can be The pressed bricks carried off by the chargshoved off directly over an even table sur- ing box or the cross-beam connected with ^±ace· . . same slide conveniently along on the profiled lugs. Rand ( show m front and side view ledges adjoining with the surface of the a brick provided with groove 13 and tongue 14. In this case only narrow semicircular ledges ll^a, the cross-section of which corresponds to the groove, need beprovided as guide ledges on the press table in front of tlie mould openings.

The profiled brick shown in side view and plan in Figs. 8 and 9 illustrates still another application of the invention. This brick is cut out at the point 15 on the upper and lower side. In this case-the guide ledges ll^bmust correspond to the cutout on the lower side. The advantages of the present invention become particularly evident in considering the ridged brick shown in front view in Fig. 12 which on account of the ridges on its upper and lower surface presents to view a number of ribs 17 which require a ledge ll^d of corresponding profile on the press table 1.

The advantage gained by the arrangement of ledges with slanting or otherwise inclined profiled surface is that the pressing mass charge in the charging box has already assumed on its lower surface the profile of the brick to be pressed, is brought to the mould openings in this form and set unchanged on the lower dies. The shape of the pressing mass charge previously formed in this manner is also still retained when the charge sinks into the mould openings by letting down the lower dies.

The profiled ledges arranged in accordance with the invention on the charging side of the press table ensure not only an acceleration of the pressing operations by the charging box operating in connection with the ledges, but also a considerably improved compression and structure of the pressed bricks due to the fact that the charge in the mould openings has been given before compression a similar shape to that of the pressed bricks. This further ensures a uniform pressing effect on the entire pressing mass.

For this reason the new press table will also be. used for making bricks which are only profiled on one .surface and in cases where the brick can be pressed with the side not profiled turned downward. Even such bricks can in future be pressed better with the profiled side turned downward, in order to ensure a uniform pressing effect by previously giving the pressing mass charge a form corresponding to the ultimate shape of the brick.

The ledges provided in accordance with the invention with slanting or profiled surface and arranged on the press table behind the mould openings ensure the removal of the ¹²⁵pressed bricks without danger of injury.

ing box or the cross-beam connected with same slide conveniently along on the profiled

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1,652,884 ¢39 lower dies until they reach their places from which they are taken off. The pressed bricks accordingly retain their horizontal position without tilting during the course and, in 6 the event of their having recesses in their lower surfaces, are further supported by the profiled ledges corresponding to these recesses.

The shoving off of the pressed bricks from 10 the press is, accordingly, effected on a press table built along the lines set forth in the invention, without alteration of shape and without injury to the bricks.