Material comprising a collection of matter and a binder
17 claims: 17 independent, 0 dependent
- 1Матеріал, який містить сукупність матеріальних об'єктів і зв'язуючу речовину для забезпечення їх зчеплення, причому зв'язуюча речовина містить меланоїдинові продукти зневоднювальної реакції між вуглеводом і аміновою основою, при цьому меланоїдинові продукти поперечно зшиті полікарбоновою кислотою, де амінова основа являє собою аміак;вуглевод являє собою моносахарид в його формі альдози або кетони, і полікарбонова кислота являє собою мономерну полікарбонову кислоту.
- 2Матеріал за п. 1, який відрізняється тим, що сукупність матеріальних об'єктів включає волокна, вибрані з групи, що складається з мінеральних волокон, арамідних волокон, керамічних волокон, металевих волокон, вуглецевих волокон, поліімідних волокон, поліефірних волокон, віскозних волокон, скляних волокон і целюлозних волокон.
- 3Матеріал за п. 1, який відрізняється тим, що сукупність матеріальних об'єктів включає скляні волокна.
- 4Матеріал за п. 1, який відрізняється тим, що матеріал додатково містить інгібітор корозії.
- 5Матеріал за п. 4, який відрізняється тим, що інгібітор корозії вибраний з групи, що складається з пилоосаджуючого масла, фосфату моноамонію, пентагідрату натрієвого метасилікату, меламіну, оксалату олова(ІІ) і рідкої метилгідрогенсиліконової емульсії.
- 6Матеріал за п. 1, який відрізняється тим, що матеріал додатково містить кремнійвмісну сполуку.
- 7Матеріал за п. 3, який відрізняється тим, що кремнійвмісна сполука вибрана з групи, що складається з гамма-амінопропілтриетоксисилану, гамма-гліцидоксипропілтриметоксисилану, аміноетиламінопропілтриметоксисилану, н-пропіламінсилану і їхніх сумішей.
- 8Матеріал за п. 7, який відрізняється тим, що кремнійвмісна сполука являє собою гамма-амінопропілтриетоксисилан.
- 9Матеріал за п. 1, який відрізняється тим, що сукупність матеріальних об'єктів включає целюлозні волокна.
- 10Матеріал за п. 9, який відрізняється тим, що целюлозні волокна присутні в целюлозній підкладці, яка вибрана з групи, що складається із деревних стружок, тирси, деревної пульпи і деревної маси.
- 11Матеріал за п. 1, який відрізняється тим, що вуглевод вибраний з групи, що складається з декстрози, ксилози, фруктози і їхніх сумішей.
- 12Матеріал за п. 1, який відрізняється тим, що вуглевод являє собою декстрозу.
- 13Матеріал за п. 1, який відрізняється тим, що мономерна полікарбонова кислота вибрана з групи, що складається з лимонної кислоти, малеїнової кислоти, винної кислоти, яблучної кислоти, бурштинової кислоти і їхніх сумішей.
- 14Матеріал за п. 1, який відрізняється тим, що полікарбонова кислота являє собою лимонну кислоту.
- 15Матеріал за п. 1, який відрізняється тим, що меланоїдинові продукти формують під час отвердіння зневодненого лужного розчину.
- 16Матеріал за п. 1, який відрізняється тим, що молярне співвідношення між числом молів мономерної полікарбонової кислоти і числом молів вуглеводу знаходиться в діапазоні від 1:4 до 1:15.
- 17Матеріал за п. 1, який відрізняється тим, що меланоїдинові продукти поперечно зшиті ефірними зв'язками.
Independent claims17
623 paragraphs in 13 sections, as filed
UKRAINE
(19) and A (11) 97093 (13) C2
(51) IPC (2011.01)
S08B 5 / 00S08B 3/00
С03С 25/32 (2006.01) С03С 25/32 (2006.01)
STATE SERVICE BANITELECTUAL PROPERTY IN UKRAINE
DESCRIPTION
TO THE INVENTORY PATENT
(54) THE MATERIAL CONTAINING THE COMPLICITY OF MATERIAL OBJECTS AND THE SUBJECT TO THE SUBJECT
1
(21) a200802284
(22) July 26, 2006
(24) 10.01.2012
(86) PCT / 32326/028929, 26.07.2006
(31) 60 / 702,456
(32) July 26, 2005
(33) from
(31) 60 / 743,071
(32) 22.12.2005
(33) from
(46) 10.01.2012, bulletin # 1, 2012
(72) SWIFT BRAYAN LI, from, KSU ROYIDIAN, CA / IZ, KISSELL RONAL E., from
(73) Knauf Insulation gmbh, from
(56) EP 0911361 A1, 28.04.1999
out of 6440204 В1, 27.08.2002
EP 1486547 A2, December 15, 2004
СВ 2078805 А, 13.01.1982
of 4296173 A, 20.10.1981
EP 1193288 A1, 03.04.2002
of 5582682 A, Dec 10, 1996
EP 0547819 A2, 23.06.1993
(57) 1. Material containing a set of material objects and a binder to ensure their adhesion, and the binder contains melanodynamic products of anhydrous reaction between the carbohydrate and the amine base, in which the melanoid products are cross-linked with polycarboxylic acid, where
amine base is ammonia;
carbohydrate is a monosaccharide in its form, an aldose or ketones, and
polycarboxylic acid is a monomeric polycarboxylic acid.
2. The material according to claim 1, characterized in that the aggregate of material objects includes fibers selected from the group consisting of mineral fibers, aramid fibers, ceramic fibers, metal fibers, carbon fibers, polyimide fibers, polyester fibers, viscose volokon, glass fibers and cellulose fibers.
3. The material of claim 1, characterized in that the aggregate of material objects includes glass fibers.
2
4. The material of claim 1, wherein the material further comprises an inhibitor of corrosion.
5. The material of claim 4, wherein the corrosion inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of a dust extractor oil, monoammonium phosphate, sodium monoxide pentahydrate, melamine, tin oxalate (II) and a liquid methylhydroxy-silicone emulsion.
6. The material of claim 1, wherein the material further comprises silicon-containing compound.
7. The material of claim 3, wherein
silicon-containing compound is selected from the group consisting of gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, ha-mma-glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane, amino-thylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane, n-
propylamysilane and their mixtures.
8. The material of claim 7, wherein the silica-containing compound is gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.
9. The material of claim 1, characterized in that the aggregate of material objects includes cellulose-bleaching fibers.
10. The material of claim 9, wherein the cellulosic fiber is present in a cellulose lining, which is selected from the group consisting of wood shavings, sawdust, wood pulp and woodweed.
11. The material of claim 1, wherein the carbohydrate is selected from the group consisting of dextrose, xylose, fructose and mixtures thereof.
12. The material of claim 1, wherein said carbohydrate is dextrose.
13. The material of claim 1, wherein the monomeric polycarboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of citric acid, maleic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, amber acid and their mixtures.
14. The material of claim 1, wherein the polycarboxylic acid is a citric acid.
15. The material according to claim 1, characterized in that the melanin products are formed during the removal of the dehydrated alkaline solution.
iA (11) 97093 (13) C2
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16. The material of claim 1, wherein the molar ratio between the number of moles of mono-dimensional polycarboxylic acid and the number of moles of the eagle-levod is in the range of 1: 4 to 1:15.
17. The material of claim 1, wherein the melon products are cross-linked with ether links.
Cross reference to related applications
This application claims the privilege provided in accordance with Section 35 of the United States Code § 119 (e), in relation to the previous US application, registration No. 60 / 702,456 filed on July 26, 2005, and the previous US application, registry- No. 60 / 743,071 dated December 22, 2005, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
Prerequisites for the invention
Binding substances are useful in the manufacture ofmaterials consisting of material objects, which are not at all linked or poorly bind-Xia. For example, binders allow you to combine two or more surfaces. Bounding substances can be classified in wide range in two main groups: organic and inorganic, and organic materials are subdivided into materials of animal, plant and synthetic origin. Another method of classification of binders is based on the chemical nature of these compounds: (1) protein or protein derivatives; (2) starch, cellulose or vegetable glues and their derivatives; (3) thermoplastic synthetic resins; (4) thermosetting synthetic resins; (5) naturalproblems and bitumen; (6) natural and synthetic rubbers; and (7) inorganic binders. Zv Tumble substances can also be classified according to the area for which they are used: (1) compoundsrigid surfaces, for example, rigid layers and metals; and (2) compounds of flexible surfaces, for example, flexible plastics and thin metallic lines, among others.
Thermoplastic binders contain a variety of polymerizable materials, for example, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl alcohols and other resin based on polyvinyl; resins on the basis of polystyrene; Resins based on esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids; cyanoacrylate; and various other man-made synthetic resins, for example, poly-amides on the basis of polyisobutylene, products on the basis of coumarone-idenum and silicones. Such thermoplastic binders can have constant force and fusibility, which makes them repel under pressure and soften when heated. They are used to make varied mannitos products, for example, tapes.
The thermosetting binders contain a variety of phenolaldehyde, urea-aldehyde, melamine aldehydes and other condensation-polymerization materials, for example, furan and polyurethanimmols. Thermosetting binders can be characterized as converted into non-fusible and non-fusible materials either as a result of the action of heat or as a result of catalytic action. Formulations of binders containing phenol, resorcinol, urea, melanin formaldehyde, phenolfurfu-
raldehyde, etc., are used to linktextile materials, plastics, rubber and manyother materials.
As indicated above, binders are useful in the manufacture of materials from material objects, are not at all connected or badly bind. Accordingly, there is a need for formulations that can be used as binders.
Brief description of the essence of the invention
Solid or non-solid binding substances in accordance with the illustrative embodiment of the present invention may comprise one or more further signs or combinations thereof. In addition, materials according to the present invention may contain one or more of the following features or combinations thereof.
It should be noted at the outset that binding relates in accordance with the invention may be used in a variety of industrial applications to provide or intensify the clustering of totally unrelated or badly connected material objects. Such aggregate includes two or more components. Connective substances provide or activate coupling in at least two components of the group. For example, binders according to the subject matter of the invention are capable of containing a set of material objects together in such a way that the material object is glued to the ability impedance of separation. Presented in this disclosure, binding substances can be used for the manufacture of any material.
One of the potential features of the proposed binders is that they do not contain formaldehyde. Accordingly, the materials on which the binders are located may also not contain formaldehyde (for example, glass fiber). In addition, the proposed binders may have a reduced content of trimethylamine in spite of the other known binders.
With regard to the chemical components of the proposed binder, they may include an ester and / or polyester compounds. Coupling substances may include ether and / or polyester compounds in combination with an oil, for example, soy bean. In addition, the binders may include ether and / or polyester compounds in combination with alkali organic acid salts. Coupling substances may include sodium salts of inorganic acids. Binders can alsoinclude potassium salts of organic acids. In addition, binders may include potassium salinogenic acids. The described coupling agents may include ether and / or polyester compounds in a combination with a clay additive, for example, montmorillonite.
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In addition, the binders according to the present invention may comprise a Meylard reaction (MaIIiGbb). See, for example, FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 2, Mayard's reaction produces melanoyodine, that is, high molecular weight azo-polymers with a furan ring, the structure of which varies depending on the reagents and the conditions of its production. Melanocydins demonstrate the correlation of O: N, the degree of unsaturation, and the chemical aromatics that increase with the increase of the temperature and the heating time. (See Atez, B.M., and "Meillard Vogdpiped Reaeiiiop - ipSiIe", Sperizigo apS Ipsisigo (Sgayi Vgiyayip), 1988, 7, 558-561; disclosure of which is thus included in the present by reference). Accordingly, the binding substances referred to, can be obtained as a result of the reaction of Mayilar and, thus, contain melanoid. It should be borne in mind that the binding substances referred to may contain melanoid or other products of the reaction of Mayard, and these products are formed as a result of the implementation of a separate process, and then simply added to the composition from which the binding agent is made. Melanodynia in the binding substance may be water insoluble. In addition, binders can be thermoreaktive binders.
Meylard reagents intended for the production of melanoyidine may comprise an amine reagent which reacts with a carbohydrate reagent based on the reducing sugar. For example, ammonium salt of monomeric polycarboxylic acid can react with (i) monosaccharide in the form of aldose or ketosis of the latter, or (ii) poly-saccharide or (iii) combinations of these substances. For this embodiment, the ammonium salt of polymeric polycarboxylic acid may be contacted with (i) monosaccharide in formialoside or ketones of the latter, or (ii) polysaccharide or (iii) combinations of these substances. In the most preferred embodiment, the amino acid can be contacted with (i) a monosaccharide in the form of aldose or ketosis of the latter, or (ii) polysaccharidomabo (iii) with combinations of these substances. In addition, The peptide can be contacted with (i) monosaccharide in the form of an aldose or ketosis of the latter, or (ii) polysaccharide or (iii) combinations of these rechovins. Moreover, the protein may be administered as a contact with (i) monosaccharide in the form of aldose or ketosis of the latter, or (ii) polysaccharide or (iii) combinations of these substances.
It will also be appreciated that binding agents according to the present invention may include melanoyodines obtained in non-sacrificed variants of the Meyllard reactions. In these reactions, the amine reagent is contacted with a carbohydrate carbonyl reagent. In one illustrative embodiment, the ammonium-epoxide salt of the monomeric polycarboxylic acid is contacted with a non-carbohydrate carbonyl reagent, for example, pyruvate dehydride, acetaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, 2-furaldehyde, quinone, ascorbic acid, or the like, with combinations of these substances. In another embodiment, the ammonium salt of the polymeric polycarboxylic acid
can be contacted with a non-carbohydrate carbonyl reagent, for example, a pyrualdehyde, an acetaldehyde, a crotonaldehyde, a 2-furaldehyde, a quinone, an ascorbic acid, or the like, or with combinations of these substances. In another illustrative embodiment, the amino acid can be contacted with a non-carbohydrate carbonyl reagent, for example, a pyrualdehyde-home, an acetaldehyde, a crotonaldehyde, a 2-furaldehyde, a quinone, an ascorbic acid, or the like, or with combinations of these substances. In another illustrative embodiment, tyd maybe put into contact with the carbon-nevuhlevodnym lovym reagent, such piruvaldehidom, acetaldehyde, krotonaldehidom, 2-
furaldehyde, quinone, ascorbic acid, or the like, or with combinations of these substances. In another illustrative embodiment, the protein can be contacted with a non-carbohydrate carboxylating reagent such as pyruvate derivative, acetaldehyde, crotonaldehyde, 2-
furadelgide, quinone, ascorbic acid, or the like, or with combinations of these substances.
The melanocydins referred to herein may be obtained from melanoy-din-based reaction compounds. These reactive compounds are placed in an aqueous alkaline solution and, thus, become nonaggressive. In other words, the alkaline solution prevents or inhibits the erosion or abrasion of substances, for example, metal introduced by a chemical degradation caused, for example, by the presence of stoic acid. Reaction compounds may include a reducing sugar carbohydrate reagent and an amine reagent. In addition, the reaction compounds may include a non-carbohydrate carbonyl reagent and an amine reagent.
It will also be appreciated that the binders described herein may be obtained from the actual melanodimino reactive compounds. By other formulations, immediately after the mixing of Maylar-yes reagents, this mixture may function as a binding rechovin according to the present invention. These binding substances can be used for the production of non-hardened substances that do not contain formaldehyde, for example, fibrous materials.
Alternatively, the binding agent, obtained from the Mayulard reaction reagents, may be subjected to hardening. These binders may be used to produce a hardener that does not contain formaldehyde, for example, fibrous compositions. These compositions are volatile and, as noted above, include water-insoluble melanoidodines.
It should be understood that the binders described herein can be used in the manufacture of materials from a set of material objects that are not at all linked or poorly bind. For example, these binders can be used to make fibrous strains. These products can be obtained from woven ornumber fibers. The fibers may be heat-resisting or non-heat-resistant fibers or their combinations. In one illustrative embodiment, the binders are used for
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fastening of glass fibers for the production of glass fiber. In another illustrative embodiment, binding agents are used to obtain cellulose compositions. In the case of cellulosic compositions, the binders can be used to bind a cellulose material for production, for example, a de-fibrous plate having the desired physical properties (for example, mechanical strength).
One of the embodiments of the invention is directed to a method of producing products from a set ofmaterial objects that are not at all connected or badly linked. One example of using this method is the production of glass fiber-on. However, as mentioned above, this method may be used in the manufacture of any material, provided that this method provides or enhances adhesion during its use. The method may include introducing the fibers into contact with a thermally-solidified aqueous binder. The binder may contain (i) a reagent on the basis of the ammonium salt of the polycarboxylic acid, and (ii) a carbohydrate reagent based on the reducing sugar. These two reagents are melanodynamic reagents (in other words, these reagents form melanoma-melon when they are introduced into the reaction in conditions that initiate the reaction of Mayilarda). The method may optionally include removing water from the binding recho wine, which is in contact with the fibers (i.e., the binder is dehydrated). The method may also include solidification of the binder, which is in contact with the glass fibers (for example, thermal curing of the binder).
Another example of using this is the production of cellulosic materials. The method of the present invention is to include the introduction of a cellulosic material (eg, cellulose fibers) into contact with a thermally-solidified aqueous binder. The binder may contain (i) a reagent on the basis of a polycarboxylic acid ammonium salt, and (ii) a carbohydrate reagent based on reducing sugar. As indicated above, these two reagents are reagents on the basis of melanoyodine compounds. The method may additionally include the removal of water from the binder, which is in contact with the cellulose material. As noted above, the method can include the solidification of the binder (for example, thermal curing).
One of the directions of using binders is to fasten the glass fibers together in such a way that they can be formed by a fiberglass mat. Fiberglass mat may be treated with the possibility of obtaining one of several types of fiberglass materials, for example, fiberglass insulation. In one embodiment of the invention, the fiberglass material may comprise glass fibers having a mass fraction ranging from about 80% to about 99%. An inert bonding agent can work to hold glass fibers together. Cured binder can also work on holding glass fiber together. In addition, the described fibrous product, which contains a binder, which is in contact with cellulose fibers,
an example, with those that are in the mat of woodcuts or sawdust. The mats may be subject to obroktsi with the possibility of obtaining one of several species of wood-fiber sheet products. In one embodiment, the binder is non-solid. In this embodiment, a non-solid binding agent can work on retaining cellulose fibers together. In an alternative embodiment of the curable binder, it can also work to keep the cellulose fibers together.
Additional features in accordance with this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art in considering the following below description of the illustrative embodiments thereof, which illustrates a preferred embodiment of the invention as it appears at this time.
Brief description of the drawings
In FIG. 1 shows a series of reagents for the preparation of melanodynes given as an illustration;
In FIG. 2 shows a pattern of the Meylard reaction, when the reducing sugar is reacted with an amine compound;
In FIG. 3 shows the spectrum obtained by the Fourier transform method in the infrared region (RT-IR), in relation to the illustrative variant of the dried binding agent according to this disclosure;
In FIG. 4 shows the spectrum obtained by the Fourier transform method in the infrared region (VT-IP), in relation to the illustrative variant of the solid-state coupling agent in accordance with this disclosure;
In FIG. 5 shows the performance characteristics of the insulating material for a fiberglass tube heated to 650 ° B (343.3 ° C) obtained in accordance with the illustrative embodiment of the binder in accordance with this disclosure;
In FIG. 6 shows the performance characteristics of the insulating material for a fiberglass tube heated to 1θ0θ ° B (537.8 ° C) obtained according to an illustrative embodiment of a binder according to this disclosure.
Detailed description
In spite of the fact that the invention may have various modifications and alternative forms of its implementation, below is a detailed description of specific options for its implementation. It should be understood, however, that the invention is by no means limited to the specific described forms of its implementation, but, on the contrary, the intention is to enclose all modifications, equivalents and alternatives that fall under the principles and scope of guilt.
The expression "without formaldehyde", in the meaning in which it is used in this description, means that the binder or matrix containing the binder releases less than about 1 part per million of formaldehyde as a result of drying and / or hardening. 1 Part-by-one is based on the weight of the sample, measured by the release of formaldehyde.
"Hardened" indicates that binding wines were placed in conditions that allow ini-
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cheat chemical change. Examples of these chemical changes include, but are not limited to, (i) a covalent bond, (ii) a hydrogen bond of the components of the coupling agent, and a chemical structuring of the polymers and / or oligomers in the binder. These changes can increase the life of the binding substance and solvent resistance in comparison with a non-solid binding agent. The hardening of the bonding agent may lead to the formation of a thermosetting material. In addition, solidification may include the formation of melanodynes. These melanoid neids can be formed as a result of the reaction of Mayalard from reagents based on melanodinium compounds. In addition, the hardened binder may lead to an increase in the degree of adhesionbetween material objects in their totalitycompared with a non-solid binding agent.
In a situation where the chemical change in the binding substance leads to the release of water, for example, in the case of polymerization and structurization, the treadmill may be determined by the amount of water that appears above which could occur in the result of drying as a separate operation. The measuring apparatus used to measure the amount of water released during drying compared to when the binding agent is hardened is well known in the art.
In accordance with the foregoing paragraph, a non-solid binding agent is a substance that has not been hardened.
The term "alkaline", in the sense in which it is used in this specification, indicates a solution having a pH greater than or equal to about 7. For example, the pH of the solution may be less than or equal to about 10. In addition, the solution may be H of about 7 to about 10, or from about 8 to about 10, or from about 9 to about 10.
The term "ammonium", in the sense in which it is used in this specification, includes but is not limited to them, <sup>+</sup>YND <sup>+</sup>InzR<sup>1</sup> and <sup>+</sup>In<sub>2</sub>R<sup>1</sup>R<sup>2</sup>, where R<sup>1</sup>and R<sup>2</sup> One is independently selected + YY2P<sup>1</sup>R<sup>2</sup> and de R<sup>1</sup> ip<sup>2</sup> selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocycle, aryl, and heteroaryl.
The term "alkyl" refers to a saturated unitary chain of carbon atoms, which maybe optional ramified; the term "cycloalkyl" refers to a monovalent chain of carbon atoms, the part of which forms a ring, the term "alkenyl" refers to an unsaturated one-novel chain of carbon atoms, which includes at least one double bond and which may be an unbundled branched ; the term "cycloalkenyl" refers to an unsaturated one-valence chain of carbon atoms, part of which forms a ring; the term "heterocycle" refers to a monovalent chain of carbon atoms and heto-atoms, wherein the heteroatoms are selected from nitrogen, oxygen, and part of which, including at least one hetero atom, forms a ring; the term "aryl"
naphthyl and the like; and the term "heteroaryl" refers to an aromatic mono- or polycyclic ring of carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, for example pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, indolyl, benzo-oxazolidyl, and the like. It should be understood that the addition of alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, and heterocycle may be optionally substituted with independently selected groups, for example, alkyl, haloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, ammonium alkyl, carboxylic acid and their derivatives, including esters, amides and nitriles, hydroxy, alkoxy, acyloxy, amino, alkyl, and dialkylamino, thio, and the like, and combinations thereof. It should also be understood that each of the aryl and heteroaryl may be optionally substituted with one or more independently selected substituents, for example, halogen, hydroxy, amino,
The term "polycarboxylic acid," as used herein, refers to dicarboxylic, tricarboxylic, tetracarbon-new, pentacarboxylic and similar monomeric polycarboxylic acids, and anhydrides and combinations thereof, and to-skin polymeric polycarboxylic acids, anhydrides, copolymers and combinations thereof. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, the ammonium salts of a polycarboxylic acid salt reagent are sufficiently non-limiting to maximize its ability to remain reactive with the carbohydrate reagent in the Mayard reaction (discussed below). According to another the aspect of the invention reagent based on the ammonium salt of the polycarbonate acid can be replaced by other chemical functional groups.
As an illustration, the monomeric polycarbonate acid may be dicarboxylic acid, including, but not limited to, unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, aromatic dicarboxylic acids, unsaturated cyclic dicarboxylic acids, saturated cyclic dicarboxylic acids, their hydroxy-substituted derivatives and the like. Or, as illustration, polycarboxylic acid (acids) itself can be a tricarboxylic acid, including, but not limited to, unsaturated aliphatic tricarboxylic acids, saturated aliphatic tricarboxylic acids, aromatic tricarboxylic acids, unsaturated cyclic tricarboxylic acids, saturated cyclic tricarboxylic acids, their hydroxylates derivatives and the like. It will be appreciated that any such polycarboxylic acids may be neoba-viscous substitutes, for example hydroxy, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy and the like. In one embodiment, the polycarboxylic acid is saturated with aliphatic tricarboxylic acid, citric acid. Other suitable polycarboxylic acids which are considered as corns for inclusion in the present invention are but not limited to aconiti acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, tetrahydrofuran dihydrogen butane, tartaric acid, trichloroacetic acid, citric acid -white acid, products of joining
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dicyclopentadiene-maleic acid, diethylene-rhyminpentaacetate acid, products of joining diapenthene and maleic acid, ethylenediaminete-racic acid (ELTA), fully maleidated calcium phosphate, fatty acid maleidated thermal oil, fumaric acid, glutaric acid, isophthalic acid, andaconic acid, maleisinophylline, rosin, oxidized with potassium peroxide, vinca, and then into carboxylic acid, maleic acid, malic acid, mesaconic acid, biphenol A or diphenol E, introduced into the reaction using the COBBE-Schmid reaction and with carbon dioxide for the introduction of 3-4 carboxyl groups, oxalic acid, phthalic acid, sebacic acid, succinic acid, tartaric acid, tetrafatale acid, tetrabromophthalic acid, tetrachlorophthalic acid, tetrahydrophthalic acid, trimellic acid, trimecinic acid, and the like , and anhydrides
As an illustration, a polymeric polycarbonate acid can be, for example, polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, a polyamelic acid, and similar polymeric polycarboxylic acids, their copolymers, and their anhydrides and mixtures thereof. Examples of commercially available polyacrylic acids include AOBIAZET-529 (R & T, NaOH, RPI, RA, ISA), October 2000 (Ketiga, Neizilki, Rialialb, Aigory), NII (N.V. Riiig, C.I. RaiI, M.N., BIZA) and ZOKABAYA (VAZ, Bibmidzapayep, Segtap, Aigory). Regarding ZOAKABA, this is a water soluble polyacrylic copolymer of acrylic acid and maleic acid, which has a molecular weight of about 4000. ABBIAZET-529 is a composition containing polyacrylic acid, cross-linked with glycerol, and also contains sodium hypophosphite as a catalyst. APPROVAL 2000 is acid solution of partial salts of polyacrylic acid, which has a molecular weight of about 2000. Regarding ΕΕΙ, then the cispolymer containing the functional links of carboxylic acid and the functional hydroxyl linkages, as well as the links, which do not have any of these functionalities; NIEI also contains chain-transfer agents, for example, catalysts based on sodium hypophosphodies or organic phosphates.
Compositions, including polymeric polycarboxylic acids, which are also considered useful for the preparation of the binding agents described herein, for example, such compositions as described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,318,990, 5,661,213,6,136,916, and 6,331,350, disclosure of which are incorporated herein by reference. In particular, US Pat. Nos. 5,318,990 and 6,331,350 describe the aqueous polymeric polycarboxylic acid solution, high-molecular alcohol, and catalyst.
As described in US Pat. Nos. 5,318,990 and
6,331,350, the polymeric polycarboxylic acid contains an organic polymer or oligomer containing at least two side carboxyl groups. Polymeric polycarboxylic acid may be a homopolymer or copolymer prepared from unsaturated carboxylic acids, including, but necessarily limited to, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, iso-crotonic acid, maleic acid, cinnamon
acid, 2-methylmalic acid, andacon oxide
lot, 2-methyl-acetic acid α, β-
methylene glutaric acid and the like. In an altogether embodiment of the invention, the poly-dimensional polycarboxylic acid may be prepared from unsaturated anhydrides, including, but necessarily limited to, maleic anhydride, and anacid anhydride, acrylic anhydride, methacrylic anhydride and the like, and mixtures thereof. Methods of polymerizing these acids and anhydrides are known in the field of chemical technology. The polycarboxylic acid polymer may further contain a copolymer of one or more of the above-mentioned unsaturated carboxylic acids or anhydrides and one or more vinyl compounds, including, but not necessarily limited to, styrene α-methylstyrene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, methylisacrylate, ethyl acrylate, η-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, η-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, vinyl methyl ether, vinyl acetate, and the like. The cooking of these copolymers is known in this area of technology. Polymeric polycarboxylic acids may contain homopolymers and copolymers of polyacrylic acid. The molecular weight of the polymeric polycarboxylic acid, and in particular the polymer on the base of the polyacrylic acid, may be less than 10,000, less than 5000, or about 3000, or less. For example, the molecular weight can be about 2000.
As described in US Pat. Nos. 5,318,990 and
6,331,350, high molecular weight alcohol (as part of a composition containing a polymeric polycarboxylic acid) contains at least two hydroxyl groups. The macromolecular alcohol should be sufficiently non-volatile so that it can essentially remain capable of reacting with the poly-dimensional polycarboxylic acid in the composition during the heating and solidification operations. The high molecular weight alcohol can be a compound with a molecular weight of less than about 1000 which is non-at least two hydroxyl groups, for example, ethylene glycol, glycerin, pentaerythritol, trimethylolpropane, sorbitol, sucrose, glucose, resorcinol, pyrokatechin, pyrogalol, glycolic urea, 1,4-cyclohexanediol, diethanolamine, triethanolamine and some reactive macromolecular alcohols, for exampleβ-hydroxyalkylamides, such as, for example, bis -CH, Ndid- (ß-hydroxyethyl)] adipamide, or it may be an addition polymer, containing at least two hydroxyl groups, for example, polyvinyl alcohol , partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate, and homopolymers or copolymers of hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxypro-
pitch (meth) acrylate, and the like.
As described in US Pat. Nos. 5,318,990 and
6,331,350, a catalyst (as part of a composition containing polymeric polycarboxylic acid) is a fosfor-containing catalyst, which may be a sponge with a molecular weight of less than about 1000 such as an alkali metal polyphosphate, an alkali metal dihydrogen phosphate, polyphosphoric acid, and alkylphosphine acid, abovine may be an oligomer or a polymer, which is all phosphorus-containing groups, for example, polymers
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the attachment of acrylic and / or maleic acid formed in the presence of sodium hypophosphite, attachment polymers prepared from ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of agents carrying or breaking the chain on the basis of phosphoric salts and coupling polymers containing acid- functional rests of the monomer, for example, copolymerized phosphatelmeth-cruate, and the like esters of phosphonic acid, and copolymerized monomers of vinylsulfonic acid, and their salts. The phosphorus-containing catalyst may be used in a mass fraction at a level in the range of from 1% to about 40%, based on the combined mass of polymeric polycarboxylic acid and high molecular weight alcohol. The amount of phosphorus-forming catalyst that can be used is in the range of from about 2.5% to about 10%, on the basis of the combined mass of polymeric polycarboxylic acid and high molecular alcohol. Examples of such catalysts include but are not limited to sodium hypophosphite, sodium phosphate, potassium phosphate, disoprotein pyrophosphate, tetra-sodium pyrophosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, potassium phosphate, potassium polyethaphosphate, potassium polyphosphate, potassium tripolyphosfate, sodium trimetaphosphate and tetrametafo-sodium sfat, as well as their mixtures.
Compositions containing polymeric polycarboxylic acids, described in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,661,213 and 6,136,916, which are considered to be useful for the preparation of the binding recho wines described herein, comprise an aqueous solution of a polymeric polycarboxylic acid, a high molecular weight alcohol that is At least two hydroxyl groups, and a phosphorus-containing catalyst, and the ratio of the number of equivalents of carboxylic acid groups to the amount of hydroxyl groups equivalents ranges from about 1: 0.01 to about 1: 3.
As disclosed in US Pat. Nos. 5,661,213 and
6,136,916, the polymeric polycarboxylic acid may be a polyester containing at least two carboxylic acid groups, or a polymer of addition, or an oligomer containing at least two copolymerized functional monomer carboxylic acids. Polymeric polycarboxylic acid is preferably an attachment polymer formed of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer. Polymer of joining may be present in the form of a solution of the polymer joining inwater environment, for example, in soluble ulcers of the polymer, which was dissolved mainly in the environment; in the form of an aqueous dispersion, for example, in a polymerized emulsion dispersion; or form aqueous suspension. The addition polymer must contain at least two groups of carboxylic acids, anhydride groups or their salts. Ethylene-unsaturated carboxylic acids may be used, for example, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, crotonic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, 2-methyl-maleic acid, itaconic acid, 2-methyl-acetic acid α, β-methylene-glutaric acid, mono-alkyl malate and imone-alkyl-fumarate; ethylenically unsaturated anhydrides, for example, maleic anhydride, andaconic anhydride,
Rid, Acrylic Anhydride and Methacrylic Anhydride; and their salt, at a level in the range of from about 1% to 100%, based on the weight of the attachment polymer. An additional ethylenically unsaturated monomer may contain acrylic ester monomers, including methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, decyl acrylate, meth-methacrylate, butyl methacrylate , isodecylmethacrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate and hydroxypropyl methacrylate; acrylamide or substituted acrylamide; styrene or substituted styrene; butadi-yen; vinyl acetate or other vinyl esters; acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile; etc. Polymer compounds containing at least two groups of carboxylic acids, anhydride groups, or salts thereof may have a molecular weight of from about 300 to about 10,000,000. A molecular weight of from about 1000 to about 250,000 can be used.
As described in US Pat. Nos. 5,661,213 and
6,136,916, high molecular weight alcohol (as part of a composition containing a polymeric polycarboxylic acid) contains at least two hydroxyl groups and should be sufficiently non-volatile so that it can essentially remain capable of reacting with the polymeric polycarboxylic acid in the composition during the heating and solidification operations . The high molecular weight alcohol may be a compound having a molecular weight of less than about 1000 which carries at least two hydroxyl groups, for example, ethylene glycol, glycerol, pentaerythritol, trimethylolpropane, sorbitol, sucrose, glucose, re zortsin, pirokatechin, pyrogalol, glycated urino-vina, 1,4-cyclohexanediol, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, and some reactive macromolecular alcohols, for example, β-hydroxyalkylamides, such as, for example, bis- [M, M-di- (P-hydroxyethyl)] adipamide, [N, N-di- (P-hydroxypropyl)] azelamide, bis- [M,
hydroxypropyl)] adipamide, bumor [N, N-di- (P-
hydroxypropyl)] glutaramide, bis [[N, N-di- (P-
hydroxypropyl) succinamide and bis [N-methyl-N- (P-hydroxyethyl)] oxamide, or it may be a polymer addition comprising at least two hydroxy-strong groups, for example, polyvinyl alcohol, partially hydrolysed polyvinyl acetate, and homopolymers or copolymers of hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, and the like.
As described in US Pat. Nos. 5,661,213 and
6,136,916, a phosphorus-containing catalyst (as part of a composition containing a polymeric polycarboxylic acid) can be a compound with a molecular weight of less than about 1000, for example, a hypophosphite alkali metal salt, a phosphite of alkali metal, an alkali metal phosphate, an alkali metal dihydrogen phosphate, an alkali metal phosphate, lot and alkylphosphine acid, or it may be an oligomer or a polymer carrying phosphorus-containing groups, for example, polymers of add-
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The acrylic and / or maleic acid formed in the presence of sodium hypophosphite, attachment polymers prepared from ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of agents that carry or break the chain on the basis of phosphoric salts, and addition polymers that contain acid-functional residues of a monomer, for example, copolymerized phosphoethyl methylacrylates, and similar phthalic acid esters, and copolymerized mono-mercaptans of vinylsulfonic acid, and salts thereof. The phosphorus-containing catalyst may be Use you Tanya, a mass fraction at a range of about 1% to about 40%, the rate of mass ob'yed nano-polymeric polycarboxylic acids ivysokomolekulyarnoho alcohol. The amount of phosphorus-forming catalyst that can be used is in the range of from about 2.5% to about 10%,
The term "amine base", in the sense in which it is used in this description, includes, but is not limited to, ammonia, the primary amine, i.e., NH2P<sup>1</sup>, and the secondary amine, that is, NNP<sup>1</sup>P<sup>2</sup>, de P<sup>1</sup> and R<sup>2</sup> One is independently selected in NNP<sup>1</sup>P<sup>2</sup>, and deR<sup>1</sup> and R<sup>2</sup> selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl as defined herein. As an illustration, the amine base may be substantially volatile or non-volatile under conditions sufficient to initiate the formation of a thermosetting binder during thermal curing. As an illustration, the ami-new base may be essentially a volatile base, for example, ammonia, ethylamine, diethylamine, dimethylamine and ethyl propylamine. In an alternative embodiment, the amine base may be substantially non-volatile, e.g. aniline, 1-naphthylamine, 2-naphthylamine and p-aminophenol.
The term "reducing sugar", in the sense in which it is used in this specification, means one or more sugars containing aldehyde groups or which can be isomerized, i.e., tautomerezit to contain aldehyde groups, when these groups are reacted with an amino group in the conditions of the Meyllard reaction, and which can be oxidized, for example, Cu +<sup>2</sup>, in order to promote the appearance of carboxylic acid. It should also be appreciated that any such carbohydrate reagent may optionally be substituted, for example, hydroxy, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, and the like. In addition, it should also be borne in mind that in any such carbohydrate reagent there are one or more chiral centers and that both possible optic isomers in each chiral center are considered useful for inclusion in this wine-course. In addition, it should also be appreciated that in various embodiments described herein, different mixtures, including racemic mixtures or other diastereometric mixtures of various optical isomers of any such carbon-water reagent, as well as various geometric isomers thereof, may be used. .
The term "fiberglass", in the sense in which it is used in this description, means heat-resistant fibers that are capable of resisting elevated temperatures. Examples of such fibers include, but are not limited to, mineral fibers, aramid fibers, ceramic fibers, metal fibers, carbon fibers, polyamide fibers, some polyester fibers, viscose fibers and glass fibers. As an illustration, such fibers remain virtually intact at temperatures exceeding 120 ° C.
In FIG. 1 shows examples of reagents for Meylard's reaction. Examples of amine reagents include proteins, peptides, amino acids, amoenium salts of polymeric polycarboxylic acids and ammonium salts of monomeric polycarboxylic acids. As shown in the drawing, "ammonium" may be [+ NN4] χ, [<sup>+</sup>NNPP<sup>1</sup>] x and + NH2P<sup>1</sup>P<sup>2</sup>χχ, where x is equal, at least approximately 1. As far as + NN2P<sup>1</sup>P<sup>2</sup>, then P<sup>1</sup> and R<sup>2</sup>each one is chosen independently. In addition, P.<sup>1</sup> and R<sup>2</sup>selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, and heteroaryl as set forth above. FIG. 1 also illustrates examples of reagent based on reducing sugar, intended for the preparation of melanodiums, including monosaccharides in the form of aldose or ketosis, polysaccharide or a combination thereof. As an illustration, in FIG. 1 are also shown for carbonyl carbohydrate based reagents for the preparation of melanodium, and such reagents include various aldehydes, for example, pyruvaldehyde and furfural, and also such intermediates as, for example, ascorbic acid and quinone.
In FIG. 2 schematically shows the Meyla-pda reaction, which completes the production of melanodynes. In its initial phase in the reaction of Mayilarda carbohydrate reagent, for example, a sugar reducing agent (it should be noted that the carbohydrate reagent can come from a substance capable of producing a reducing sugar in the conditions of the reaction Maiilar). The reaction also involves the condensation of a carbohydrate reagent (e.g., reducing sugar) with an amine reagent, i.e., an amine-containing compound. In other words, the carbohydrate reagent and the amine reagent are melanodynamic reagents for the Meyllard reaction. The condensation of these two constituents produces N-substituted glycosylamine. A more detailed description of the reaction of Mayilar see Yuya, Yu.E. Sietism Vogmppd Réatsionios 5 and Moses. Adhis RooS Sit. 1953, 1, 928-943, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. Compound which has a free amino group in Mayard's reaction, may be present in the form of an amino acid. The free amino group may also be derived from a protein wherein free amino groups are available in the foreground, for example, the ε-amino groups of the lysine residues and / or α-amino groups of the terminal amino acid.
In accordance with another aspect of the invention, the implementation of the Mayard reaction, as disclosed herein, at an initial stage, an aqueous solution of a Meylard reagent (which is also a binder rechannin), as described above, has an alkaline pH. However, as soon as the solution is applied to the totality of the material objects that do not bind at all or badly bind, and initiate hardening, pH decreases (i.e., the binder becomes oxygen
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Loja) It should be understood that in the manufacture of material-lu the magnitude of the contact between the binder andcomponents of the machine equipment used in the production, is large to hardening (that is, when the solution of the binder is lukewarm), compared with the value after the hardening of the bonding substance (that is, when the binding recho wine becomes acidic). The alkaline composition is less susceptible to corrosion than the acid composition. Correspondingly, the corrosion activity of the production process decreases.
It should be borne in mind that due to the use of the Mey-Lard aqueous reactive solution described here, the machinery used for the production of fiberglass can not be subjected to an increase in the amount of action of the acid solution, since, as stated above, the pH of the Meylar-da reaction solution is alkaline. In addition, during the production process, the only period when there are conditions acid environment, there is a period after the application of a binding substance on glass fibers. After the binding of a binder to a glass fiber, a binding agent and a material containing a coupling agent has relatively infrequent contacts with the components of the machine equipment in comparison with the period preceding the application of the binder on the glass fibers Correspondingly, the corrosion activity of the production of glass fibers (and the production of other materials) is reduced.
Without binding to the theory, it should be noted that the quantum reaction of the ammonium salt of polycarboxylic acid and reagents on the basis of the sugar-reducing agent of Mayard's reaction, as presented in this description, takes place essentially during thermal hardening, resulting in the formation of nitric polymeric and mono-polymeric melanoyidins of variable structure coriander color, and it is assumed that it involves the initial reaction of Mayilar to ammonia as a sublime component of a carbohydrate reagent on the basis of a reducing sugar for the production of N-substituted glycosylamine, i to this is shown in FIG. 2. It would be expected that the absorption of such chinomamia, with the combined operation of ammonia and carbohydrate reagent on the basis of reducing sugar as a latent acid catalyst, leads to a decrease in pH, and, apparently, that such reduction initiates the process of formation of esters and / or dehydration of poly-carboxylic acid to produce its corresponding anhydride derivatives. It would be expected that at pH <7 the product of Amadori's rearrangement of the N-substituted glycosylamine, i.e., 1-amino-1-deoxy-2-ketosis, is essentially 1,2-enolation with the formation of furfural when, for example, the reaction involved in pentose or hydroxymethylfurfural when, for example, in the reaction of the hexose entrained, as the initial step in the preparation of melanoic acids. At the same time, simultaneously or following the receipt of melanodynes, there may be processes for the formation of esters involving melanoyl derivatives, polycarboxylic acids and / or their corresponding anhydride derivatives, and residual carbohydrates, while this process leads to exhaustive structurization. During reactions of dehydration of saccharum,
bonds that can be subjected to polymerization, a water-resistant thermosetting binder is formed, consisting of polyester products of the connection, connected by a network of carbon-carbon-carbon ordinary bonds. The consistency with the above-mentioned reaction scenario is a strong optic density of about 1734 cm<sup>-1</sup> in the spectrum adopted by the Fourier transform method in the infrared region (RT-IR) relative to the described tetro-solidified binder, and this optical density is within the range of 1750-1730 cm<sup>-1</sup>, expected for oscillation of carbonyl СО of a complex ester. The above spectrum is shown in FIG. 4
The following discussion relates to (i) examples of carbohydrate and amine reagents that may be used in the Mayard reaction, and (ii) how these reagents can be coupled. First, it should be understood that any carbohydrate and / or compound having a primary or secondary amino group that will act as a reagent in the Maylar-yes reaction can be used in binding agents according to of the present invention. Such compounds can be identified and used by an average person in the field of technology with the recommen- dations given in this description.
With regard to the examples given as reagents, it should also be borne in mind that the use of ammonium salt of polycarboxylic acid as an amine reagent is an effective factor in the Mey-Lard reaction. Ammonium salts of polycarboxylic acids may be produced by neutralizing the acid groups with an amine base, thus producing ammonium salts of polycarboxylic acids. Complete neutralization, that is, approximately 100%, calculated on the basis of equivalents, can exclude any need for titration or partial neutralization of acid groups in polycarboxylic acid (acids) to form a binder substance. However, it is expected that the completion of neutralization would not prevent the formation of a binder. It should be noted that the neutralization of the acidic groups of polycarboxylic acid (acids) may be carried out either before,
In addition, the carbohydrate reagent in the Mey-Lard reaction can be used in combination with a non-hydrocarbon polyhydroxyl reagent. Non-carbohydrate polyhydroxyl reagents that can be used in combination with a carbon-water reagent include, but are not limited to, trimethylopropane, glycerol, pentaerythritol, polyvinyl alcohol, partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate, fully hydrolyzed poly (vinyl acetate) and their mixtures In accordance with one aspect of the invention, non-carbohydrate in a lithgidroxyl reagent is not sufficiently volatile to maximize its ability to take part in reacting with a reagent based on a monomer or polymeric polycarboxylic acid. It should be borne in mind that the hydrophobicity of non-carbohydrate polyglyptic-droxyl reagent can be a factor in determining the physical properties of the finished binding substance,
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In the case of a carbohydrate reagent, it may contain one or more reagents having one or more reducing sugars. In accordance with one aspect of the invention, any carbohydrate reagent should be sufficiently non-fluent in order to maximize its ability to take part in reaction with a reagent based on ammonium salt of polycarboxylic acid. The carbohydrate reagent may be a monosaccharide in the form of aldose or ketosis, including trios, tetros, pentoses, hexoses or heptosis; or polysaccharide; or their combination. A carbohydrate reagent may be a sugar reducing agent or such a compound that results in the formation of one or more reducing sugars, in the conditions of thermal curing. For example, when the triose serves as a carbohydrate reagent or used in combination with other reducing sugars and / or polysaccharide, sugar-aldotriose or sugar-ketotriose can be used, for example, glycerol aldehyde and hydroxyacetone, respectively. When tetrose serves as a carbohydrate reagent or used in combination with other reducing sugars and / or polysaccharide, sugar aldotetrazosa, for example, erythroza and threosa, may be used; and sahar-ketotterroza, for example, erythrulose. When colostomy is used as a carbohydrate reagent or used in combination with other reducing sugars and / or polysaccharide, sugar aldopentosis, for example, riboza, arabinose, xylose and leukosis can be used; and sugar-ketopentosis, for example, ribulose, arabulase, xylulose and lysulose. When hexose is used as a carbohydrate reagent or used in combination with other reducing sugars and / or poly-saccharide, sugar aldohyxose can be used, for example, glucose (i.e. dextrose), mannose, galactose, alosa, altogether, talos, gulosis and idomosis; and sugar-ketohexose, for example, fructose, psycosis, sorbosa and tattoos. When hepto-a serves as a carbohydrate reagent or used in combination with other reducing sugars and / or polysaccharide, sugar-ketogeptose, for example, sesuo-ptulose, may be used. Other stereoisomers of such carbohydrate reagents that are not known to occur in the natural environment are also considered as contributing to the preparation of the binder composition, as described herein. When polysaccharide serves as a carbohydrate or is used in combination with monosaccharides, sucrose, lactose, maltose, starch and leluza can be used. fructose, psyche, sorbosa and tattoos. When hepto-a serves as a carbohydrate reagent or used in combination with other reducing sugars and / or polysaccharide, sugar-ketogeptose, for example, sesuo-ptulose, may be used. Other stereoisomers of such carbohydrate reagents that are not known to occur in the natural environment are also considered as contributing to the preparation of the binder composition, as described herein. When polysaccharide serves as a carbohydrate or is used in combination with monosaccharides, sucrose, lactose, maltose, starch and leluza can be used. fructose, psyche, sorbosa and tattoos. When hepto-a serves as a carbohydrate reagent or used in combination with other reducing sugars and / or polysaccharide, sugar-ketogeptose, for example, sesuo-ptulose, may be used. Other stereoisomers of such carbohydrate reagents that are not known to occur in the natural environment are also considered as contributing to the preparation of the binder composition, as described herein. When polysaccharide serves as a carbohydrate or is used in combination with monosaccharides, sucrose, lactose, maltose, starch and leluza can be used. Sedoga-ptulosa. Other stereoisomers of such carbohydrate reagents that are not known to occur in the natural environment are also considered as contributing to the preparation of the binder composition, as described herein. When polysaccharide serves as a carbohydrate or is used in combination with monosaccharides, sucrose, lactose, maltose, starch and leluza can be used. Sedoga-ptulosa. Other stereoisomers of such carbohydrate reagents that are not known to occur in the natural environment are also considered as contributing to the preparation of the binder composition, as described herein. When polysaccharide serves as a carbohydrate or is used in combination with monosaccharides, sucrose, lactose, maltose, starch and leluza can be used.
In addition, the carbohydrate reagent in the Mey-Lard reaction can be used in combination with a non-glued polyhydroxyl reagent. Examples of non-carbohydrate polyhydroxyl reagents which can be used in combination with a carbohydrate reagent include, but are not limited to, trimethylopropane, glycerol, pentaerythritol, polyvinyl alcohol, partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate, fully hydrolyzed polyvinylacetate and mixtures thereof. According to one of the alpha-pectates of the invention, the non-hydrocarbon polyhydroxyl reagent is sufficiently non-volatile in order to maximize
to stir its ability to participate in the reaction with a reagent based on a monomeric or polymeric polycarboxylic acid. It should be borne in mind thathydrophobicity of a non-carbohydrate polyhydroxylan reagent may be a factor in determining the physical properties of the finished binder, as is presented herein.
When non-hydrocarbon polyhydroxyl reactant is a partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl-cetate, commercially available compound-to-compound can be used, for example, 87-89% hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate, such as, for example, VioPioNiSeI_vAnOl_ 51-05. ιιιΡοηί ΕΙ_νΑΝΟΙ_ 51-05 has a
The leukular mass is approximately 22,000-26,000 (analitic data) and a viscosity of about 5.0-6.0 cP (1 cps = 5.0-6.0 mPa-c). Other partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate, which are considered useful in the preparation of the binder composition compositions, as contemplated herein include, but are not limited to, 87-89% hydrolyzed poly (vinyl acetate), different in molecular weight and the viscosity of ΕΙ_νΑΝΟΙ_ 51-05 such as, for example, ΙιιΡοηίΕΙ_νΑΝΟΙ_ 51-04, ΕΙ_νΑΝΟΙ_ 51-08, ΕΙ_νΑΝΟΙ_ 50-14, ΕΙ_νΑΝΟΙ_ 52-22, ΕΙ_νΑΝΟΙ_ 50-26, ΕΙ_νΑΝΟΙ_ 50-42; and partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate, different from molecular by weight, viscosity and / or degree of hydrolysis from ΕΙ_νΑΝΟΙ_ 51-05, such as, for example, vio Ροηί ΕΙ_νΑΝΟΙ_ 51-03 (86-89% hydrolyzed), ΕΙ_νΑΝΟΙ_ 70-14 (9.0-97.0% hydrolyzed),
ΕΙ_νΑΝΟΙ_ 70-27 (95.5-96.5% hydrolyzed),
ΕΙ_νΑΝΟΙ_ 60-30 (90-9% hydrolysed). Other time-hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate, which are considered useful in the preparation of the binder composition of the substance, as described herein, include, but are not limited to, CiAgIAPmOmIoIi 15-79, MoMiPiI 3-83, MoMiPiI 4-88, MoMiOi_ 5-88, ΜΟΜΙΟΙ_ 8-88, ΜΟΜΙΟΙ_ 18-88, ΜΟΜΙΟΙ_ 23-88, ΜΟΜΙΟΙ_ 26-88, ΜΟΜΙΟΙ_ 40-88, ΜΟΜΙΟΙ_ 47-88 and MOSHIA 30-92, as well as SeiopezeyEI_νΟΙ_ 203, ΕΕΙ_νΟΙ_ 205, ΕΕΙ_νΟΙ_ 502, ΙΕΙ_νΟΙ_504, ΕΕΙ_νΟΙ_ 513, ΕΕΙ_νΟΙ_ 523, ΕΕΙ_νΟΙ_ 523Τν, ΕΕΙ_νΟΙ_ 530, ΕΕΙ_νΟΙ_ 540, ΕΕΙ_νΟΙ_ 540Τν, SEISCHO 418, SEISCHO 425 and SEISCHO 443. Also useful are those compounds that are similar or analogous partially hydrolyzed polivinilatseta, there are available from other commercial vendors.
When non-hydrocarbon polyhydroxyl reactant is a fully hydrolysed polyvinyl-cetate, commercially available-to-compound CIaAiPP MoMiPoI 4-98, which has
a molecular weight of about 27,000 (analytical data). Other fully hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate, which is considered to be useful in the preparation of a binder composition, as presented in the present. the description includes, but is not limited to, niobium, pyridine, propylene glycol, 70-03 (98.0-98.8% hydrolyzed), E ^ VANNO ^ 70-04 (98.0-98.8% hydrolyzed ), E ^ VANNO ^ 70-06 (98.5-99.2% hydrolyzed), E ^ VANNO ^ 90-50 (99.0-99.8% hydrolyzed), E ^ VANNO ^ 70- 20 (98.5-99.2% hydrolyzed), ΕΙ_νΑΝΟΙ_ 70-30 (98.5-99.2% hydrolyzed),
ΕΙ_νΑΝΟΙ_ 71-30 (99.0-99.8%
ΕΙ_νΑΝΟΙ_ 70-62 (98.4-99.8%
ΕΙ_νΑΝΟΙ_ 70-63 (98.5-99.2%
ΕΙ_νΑΝΟΙ_ 70-75 (98.5-99.2%
hydrolyzed)
hydrolyzed)
hydrolyzed)
hydrolyzed)
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Siahagi MOMIO III ~ 98, MOMIO_6-98, MOMIO_10-98, MOMIO_20-98, MOMIO_ 56-98, MOMIO_28-99 and Seialeese SEI_UOI_ 103, SEI_UOI_ 107, SEI_UOI_305, SEI_UOI_310, SEI_UOI_ 325, SEI_UOI_ 325I_L andICE_UOI_ 350, as well as compounds that are similar or analogous to fully hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetates, are available from other commercial suppliers.
The above Meillard reagents may be combined to form an aqueous composition that contains a carbohydrate reagent and an amine reagent. Incomplete binders are examples of non-curable binders. As discussed below, these aqueous compositions can be used as binders according to the present invention. These binders are aqueous binder composite compositions that do not contain formaldehyde, are hardened and are alkaline. In addition, as stated above, a carbohydrate reagent in Mayard's reactants can be used in a combination with non-hydrocarbon polyhydroxyl reagent. Accordingly, in any mention of a carbohydrate reagent, it should be understood that it can be used in combination with a non-hydrocarbon polyhydroxylan reagent.
In one illustrative embodiment of the invention, an aqueous solution of the Meylard reagents may contain (i) an ammonium salt of one or more polycarboxylic acid reagents and (ii) one or more carbohydrate reagents containing a reducing sugar. The pH of this solution prior to the introduction of its contact with the material to be bonded may be greater than or equal to about 7. In addition, this solution may have a pH less than or about 10. The ratio of the number of molecules of the polycarboxylic acid reagents The moles of the carbohydrate reagent (reagents) can range from about 1: 4 to about 1:15. In one example of the relationship number of mole of the reagent (reagents) of the polycarboxylic acid to the number of moles of the carbohydrate reagent (reagents) in the binder is about 1: 5. In another example, the ratio of the number of molecules of the reagent (reagents) of the polycarbonate acid to the number of moles of the carbohydrate reagent (reagents) is about 1: 6. In yet another example, the ratio of the number of reagent molecules (reagents) to the polycarboxylic acid to the number of moles of the carbon levant reagent (reagents) is about 1: 7.
As described above, the aqueous composition of the binder comprises (i) an ammonium salt of one or more polycarboxylic acid reagents; and (ii) one or more carbohydrate reagents containing sugar reducing agent. It should be kept in mind that when an amine-like reagent uses ammonium salt of monomeric or polymeric polycarbonic acid, the molar equivalents of the ammonium ion may be equal or may not be equal to the molar minerals of the acid salt groups present in the poly-carboxylic acid. In one illustrative case, when a tricarboxylic acid is used as a polycarboxylic acid reagent, the ammonium salt may be monobasic, biosorptive, or triobasic. Thus, the molar equivalents of the ammonium ion may be present in
amount less or approximately equal to molar mequivalents of acid salt groups present in the poly-carboxylic acid. Accordingly, the salt may be a single-base or two-base, when the reagent-based polycarboxylic acid is dicarboxylic acid. In addition, the molar equivalents of the ammonium ion may be present in an amount less or approximately equal to the molar equivalents of the acid-salt groups present in the polymeric polycarboxylic acid, and the like and the like. When a single-base salt of dicarboxylic acid is used, or when a tricarboxylic acid bivalent is used, or when molar equivalents of ammonium are present in an amount lower or substantially equal to the molar equivalents of the salt-acid groups present in the polymeric polycarboxylic acid, the pH of the compound composition '
An inert alkaline water composition of a binder, which is thermally hardened and does not contain formaldehyde, can be used to obtain a number of different materials. In particular, these binding substances can be used toprovide or activate the adhesion in the aggregatematerial objects, which do not bind at all or poorly bind, by introducing the binding substance into contact with a group of materialobjects that are to be fastened. To enter the water binder into contact with the totality of material objects that are to be bonded, any number of well-known methods can be used. For example, a water binder may be sprayed (for example, in the process of fastening glass fibers) or applied by means of a rotary shaft device.
These aqueous binders can be nanosized on a fiberglass mat (for example, by scattering on a mat) during the manufacture of insulation products made of fiberglass. Immediately after the introduction of the aqueous binder in contact with the glass fibers, the residual heat from the glass fibers (it should be noted that the glass fibers are molded from the glass melt and, thus, the remaining residual heat) and the flow of air passing through the fibrous mat , evaporate (that is, remove) water from the binder. The removal of water leaves the components of the binding retention wine still remaining on the fibers in the form of a vitrification of a viscous or semi-viscous liquid with a high content of the solid phase. This cover of a viscous orsmall-heavy liquid with high solids faze plays the role of binder. At this moment, the issue is not solid.
In addition, it will be appreciated that the above-described aqueous binders may be hardened. For example, any of the above-described aqueous binders may be placed (for example, by spraying) on a material that is to be bonded, and then heated. For example, in the case of the manufacture of insulating products, the glass after application of water binding
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substances on the mat of the latter with the coating on it applied to the binding substance is transferred to the chamber for thermofixation. In a thermosetting chamber, the mat is heated (for example, to a temperature from about 300 ° B (148.9 ° C) to about 600 ° B (315.6 ° C)), and the binder becomes hardened. The binder the substance is a water-resistant thermosetting binder that does not contain formaldehyde, which binds glass fibers together. It should be noted that drying and thermally hardening can occur either as successive, or as simultaneous, or as parallel operations.
In the case of the production of binders which are in a non-solid state water-insoluble, it should be understood that the ratio of the number of molar equivalents to the salt groups present in the polycarboxylic acid reagent (reagents) to the number of molar equivalents of the hydroxyl groups present in carbohydrate reagents (reagents) may range from about 0.04: 1 to about 0.15: 1. After solidification, these compositions lead to the formation of a water-resistant thermosetting binding substance. In one embodiment of the invention, the number of molar equivalents of hydroxyl groups present in the carbohydrate reagent (reagents) is about twenty five times greater than the number of molar equivalents of the salt groups present in the reagent (reagents) based on polycarboxylic acid . In another embodiment, the number of molar equivalents of the hydroxyl groups present in the carbohydrate reagent (reagent) is about ten times greater than the number of molar equivalents of the salt groups present in the polycarboxylic acid reagents (reagents). More in one embodiment of the invention number of molar equivalents of hydroxyl groups present in a carbohydrate reagent (reagents) is approximately six times the number of molar equivalents of salt groups present in a reagent (reagent) based on polycarbonate acid.
In other embodiments, the binder which is already solidified may be placed on a material that is to be tightened. As stated above, most solids binders will typically contain in-pre-soluble melanoid. Accordingly, these binding substances will also be waterproof thermosensitive binders.
As will be discussed below, various additives may be incorporated into the binder substance. The additives are added to the binders in accordance with the present invention with additional desirable characteristics. For example, a binder may include silicon containing abrut. Most of the cream-containing compositions are commercially available from Yuum-Sogpiped Sogghailiop, Reigas Zueitte and SepegaiEesigis Sutrap. As an illustration, silicon-containingpreparation contains compounds such as, for example, silyl ester and alkyl silyl ethers, each of which may optionally be substituted, for example, halogen, alkoxy, amino, and the like. In one embodiment of the invention, the silicon-containing compound is an amino-substituted silane, for example, gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (Sepegha EisigisCramine, ZIBOiEZT A-1101; MiIiOp, CT, iZA). IN
Another embodiment of the invention is silicone-on-compound, which is an amino-substituted silane, for example, aminoethylamine propyltriethoxysilane (Yuom Z-6020; Yum SiythisI, MysIyapsi, MI, iZA). For this embodiment of the invention, the silicon-on-compound is gamma-glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane (Sepegai Eisigis Ziisopepe, ZIBOiEZT A-187). In yet another embodiment, the silicon-containing compound is a n-propylamysilane (Ceiopoia (formerly NieeAtegis) NUYROZIB 2627; Capeapoia; Zootegeye, Nou., And Z.A.A).
The weight fraction of silicon containing apretes naturally present in the binder is in the range of from about 0.1 percent to about 1 percent, based on the weight of the solid phase dissolved in the binder (i.e., from about 0.1 percent to about 1 percent, based on the mass of solids added to the aqueous solution). In one embodiment of the invention, to an aqueous non-solidifying binder may be added one or more of these silicon-containingcompounds. Then the binder is applied onmaterial, which is subject to fastening. Subsequently, the binding agent may be hardened if desired. These silicon-containing compounds enhance the ability of the binding substance to engage with a set of material objects, on which the binding substance is applied, for example, with glass fibers.the purchase of materialobjects improves, for example, its ability to provide or intensify the adhesion in the substance (rechovins), which is not combined or poorly coupled.
A binder containing silicon-containing bromide can be prepared by mixing from about 10 to about 50 weight percent of an aqueous solution of one or more reactants on the basis of a polycarboxylic acid already neutralized with an amine base or neutralized ip είίιι, from about 10-50% by weight percent of the aqueous solution of one or more hydrocarbon reagents containing a reducing sugar, and an effective amount of silicon-containing abrut. In one of the embodiments of the invention, one or more polycarboxylic acid reagents and one or more carbohydrate reagents, and the latter containing a sugar reducing agent, can be solidified in water, mixed with water,
In another illustrative embodiment of the invention, the binder according to the appended claims may contain one or more corrosion inhibitors. These inhibitors of corrosion prevent or prevent the erosion or erosion of rechovin, for example, metal, caused by chemical decomposition, which is due to the presence of acid-
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you. When the corrosion inhibitor is included in the binder according to this invention, the corrosion activity of the binder is reduced in comparison with the corrosion activity of the binder that does not contain the inhibitor. In one of the embodiments of the invention, these corrosion inhibitors can be used to reduce the corrosion activity of the compositions described herein comprising the glass fiber. As an illustration, coagulant inhibitors comprise one or more of the following components: doping oil or mono-ammonium phosphate, sodium metasilicate pentahydrate, melamine, tin oxalate (II) and / or liquid emulsion of carboxylic methyl hydrogen. When the corrosion inhibitors are included in the binding substance in the present invention, their mass fraction of the binding substance is, as a rule, from 0 to 0,
Taking into account the disclosures disclosed herein, an average person in the art can vary the concentration of the reagents of the aqueous binding agent in order to obtain a wide range of compositions of the binder. In particular, the aqueous compositions of the binder may be made with the possibility of providing a luzhnHN. For example, a pH in the range of from overcoming or equal to about 7 to less than or equal to about 10. Examples of reagents for a binder that can be used include (i) polycarboxylic acid reagents , (ii) amine base, (iii) carbohydrate reagent (reagents), (ίν) silicon-containing aprete and (ν) compounds-corrosion inhibitors. The presence of hydrogen in water binders (eg, non-solidified compounds In accordance with the present invention, in the alkaline range, the corrosion of materials is inhibited when the binding substance is contacted, for example, by machines used in the manufacturing process (for example, in the manufacture of fiberglass). It should be noted that this is particularly true when the corrosion activity of acid binders is equal to the binding agents proposed in accordance with the present invention. Accordingly, the "life cycle" of the machine equipment increases, while the operating cost of these machines is reduced. In addition, in relation to binders in accordance with the invention, a standard setting can be used, and the need for use in relation to corrosion-resistant machine components that are brought in contact with acidic compounds is eliminated. for example, components of stainless steel. Thus, the binding agents disclosed herein reduce the cost of production of the binding materials.
The following examples illustrate in greater detail the specific embodiments of the invention. These examples are given for purely illustrative purposes and should in no way be considered as limiting inventions or inventive dictation of a particular physical configuration. For example, in spite of the fact that in Example 1
the preparation of aqueous binders was mixed with 25% (by weight) of aqueous solutions of skin of triammonium citrate and dextrose monohydrate, it should be understood that in the embodiments described herein, the weight fraction of aqueous solution of a reagent based on ammonium salts of a polycarboxylic acid and a mass fraction aqueous solution of a carbon-based reagent based on a reducing sugar may be modified without affecting the nature of the described inventions. For example, the mixing of aqueous solutionsreagent based on ammonium salt of polycarboxylic acid and carbohydrate reagent on the basis of reducing sugar, the mass fraction of which is in the mezhah from about 10 to 50 percent. In addition, despite the fact that in the examples 8-12 for preparing the composition of the binding agent
on / glass fiber were used 10-50% (mass) aqueous solutions of dissolved solid fractions of citrate triammonium and monohydrate dextrose, should understand that the mass fraction of the aqueous solution containing a reagent based on the ammonium salt of polycarboxylic acid / carbohydrate reagent based on the sugar-reducing agent, may be modified without affecting the nature of the described invention. For example, when preparing an aqueous solution containing a reagent on the basis of the ammonium salt of polycarboxylic acid and a coal-based reagent on the basis of reducing sugar, the mass fraction of which extends beyond the range of approximately 10-50 percent. In addition, despite the fact that the examples below include ammonium, i.e., + NH4, a polycarboxylic acid salt, a reagent based on the ammonium salt of a polycarboxylic acid, it should be understood that alternative amine reagents may be used,
Example 1
Preparation of water binders on the basis of citrate of triammonium and dextrose
Water binders on the basis of citrate and ammonium and dextrose were prepared according to the following procedure: aqueous solutions (25%) of triammonium citrate (81.9 g of citric acid, 203.7 gauge and 114.4 g of 19% ammonia solution) and monohydrate dextrosis (50.0 g of dextrose monohydrate in 150.0 gauge) were combined at room temperature in the following volumetric proportions: 1:24, 1:12, 1: 8, 1: 6.1: 5, 1: 4 and 1: 3, with the relative volume of tri-ammonium citrate registered as "1". For example, 10 ml of an aqueous citrate triammonium solution mixed with 50 ml of aqueous solution of monohydrate dextrorose allowed the solution to be "1: 5", in which the mass ratio of the triammonium citrate to the dextrose dodomohydrate was approximately 1: 5, the molar ratio of triammonium citrate to monogi- the dextrose's irritation was about 1: 6, and the ratio of the number of molar equivalents of the salicylic acid groups present in the citrate of triammonium to the number of molar equivalents of the hydroxyl groups present in the dextrose monohydrate was approximately 0.10: 1. The resulting solutions were stirred at room temperature for several minutes, in which samples 2-d were sampled, which was subjected to thermal hardening, as described in Example 2.
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Example 2
Preparation of samples of solidified binding substance on the basis of citrate of triammonium and dextrose of dibasic binders on the basis of tri-ammonium citrate and dextrose
Samples of 2-D of each of the binders on the acetic citrate of triammonium and dextrose prepared in accordance with the procedure set forth in Example 1, were placed on each of the three separate aluminum casting pallets 1-d. Then, each binding substance was subjected to heating and endurance operations in the following three standard vipaul / solidification modes in a preheated and operating convection oven thermostat to obtain a corresponding sample of solidified binder: for 15 minutes at 400 ° E (204 , 4 ° C), for 30 minutes at 350 ° Е (176.7 ° С) and for 30 minutes at 300Т (148.9 ° С).
Example 3
Testing / evaluating samples of a solidified binder on the basis of triammonium citrate and ixtrosis obtained from aqueous binding recho wines on the basis of triammonium citrate and dextrose
The strength in the wet state for each specimen of the solidified binder on the basis of citrate and ammonium and dextrose prepared in accordance with the procedure of Example 2 was determined by the degree in which the sample of the solidified binder was presented to the shape of a damaged and resistant to dissolution, with a further addition of water to an aluminum tray for boiling and subsequent shuttering at room temperature. The strength of the sample in the wet state was recorded as dissolved (for lack of strength in the wet state), partially dissolved (for the minimum strength in the wet state), softened (for intermediate wet strength) or water-absorbent (for high strength in wet state, water-insoluble). Also determined the color of water, which appeared as a result of its contact with samples of solidified zv ' the substance on the basis of citrate and ammonium and dextrose. In the table below, Figure 1 shows illustrative examples of binding agents on the basis of triammonium citrate and dextrose prepared in accordance with the procedure outlined in Example 1, the conditions for their hardening in accordance with the procedure set forth in Example 2, and the results tests and assessments in accordance with the procedure outlined in Example 3.
Example 4
Elementary analysis of samples of solidified binder on the basis of citrate of triammonium andextra (1: 6)
An elemental analysis of the presence of carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen (i.e., C, H, N) was carried out on samples of 5-d of 15% binder on the basis of citrate and dextrose (1: 6), prepared according to the procedure , as set out in Example 1, and solidified as described below, and the molar ratio of triammonium citrate to monohydrate dextrose in a solid 0.75 grams sample is approximately 1: 6. Samples of the binding substance were hardened in the temperature-time function as indicated below: at 300 ° E (148.9 ° C) for 1 hour; at 350 ° E (176.7 ° C)
within 0.5 hours; and at 400 ° E (204.4 ° C) for 0.33 hours. An elemental analysis was carried out in the laboratories of the company SaiGaIIi BaoGiIogiyev, Ips. ipKηοχνίΙΙθ, ΤΝ. As shown in Table 2, the elementary analysis revealed an increase in the ratio of the OO to the temperature increase function in the range from 300 ° E (148.9 ° C) to 350 ° E (176.7 ° C), and these results are consistent with the prepared melanoma and food grade a substance. In addition, Table 2 also shows an increase in the correlation of NO in the function of temperature increase, and these results are consistent with dehydration, a process known to occur when the formation of melanodimens takes place during the tweening of the binder.
Example 5
Preparation of binders on the basis of ammonium polycarboxylate and sugar used for the manufacture of carcass fibers compositions (in IIII poop) with glass bubble filler, mats containing glass fiber and wood-fiber boards
Water binders on the basis of citrate and ammonium and dextrose (1: 6), which were used to make frames frames filled with glass beads and mats containing glass-clone, were prepared in accordance with the following general procedure: powdered monohydrate disproporous (915 g ) and powdered anhydrous l-mononic acid (152.5 g) were combined in a vessel reaction vessel of 1 gallon (3.79 dm<sup>3</sup>), followed by 880 g of distilled water. To this mixture, 265 grams of 19% aqueous ammonia solution were added under stirring, and this stirring continued for several minutes in order to achieve complete dissolution of solids. 3.3 g of 3ΙΙ_ΩυΕ3Τ A-1101 silane was added to the resulting solution to obtain a solution with pH 8-9 (with the use of pH-paper), this solution containing about 50% of the solid fraction of dissolved dextrose dissolved monohydrate and dissolved ammonium citrate (as a percentage of total soluble mass); Example 2 of this solution, after thermally hardening at 400 ° E (204.4 ° C) for 30 minutes, would give 30% of the solid fraction (weight loss due to dehydration during the formation of a thermosetting binder). In those cases, when the composition of the binder on the basis of citrate and ammonium dextrose (1: 6) included silane, mutated from ZiideEZT A-1101, substitution was carried out by ZSHDiEZT A-187, silane HHYYPO3ΙΙ_2627 or silane Z-6020. In cases where the adjuvant of the tris-ammonium citrate and dextrose (1: 6) binder was added to the binding method, the standard solution was distributed over flasks to 300 grams of aliquots to which then added individual additives.
The spectrum obtained by the transformation of Furie in the infrared region (ΕΤ-ΙΡ) relative to the dried (non-solidified) binder on the basis of triammonium citrate and dextrose (1: 6), which was obtained in the form of a microscopic thin film of a 10-gram sample of 30% (dissolved solid fractionation of the binder) of the binder,
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dried in vacuum, shown in FIG. 3. The spectrum obtained by the Fourier transformation to the infra-red region (RT-IR) relative to the solidified binder on the basis of the triammonium citrate andextra (1: 6) prepared by the Mayard reaction, which was obtained as microscopic thin film of a 10-gram sample of 30% of the binder (dissolved solid fractions of the binder) after solidification is shown in FIG. 4
In cases where the use of polycarboxylic acids other than lemon acid, non-dextrose and / or non-dextrose sugars, and the same general procedure were used to prepare the binder on the basis of the aqueous solution of ammonium polycarboxylate and sugar -r, which is described above in connection with the preparation of aqueous binder on the basis of tri-ammonium citrate and dextrose (1: 6). For variants of the binding substance on the basis of ammonium polycarboxylate and sahar, as necessary, adjustments were made to ensure the inclusion, for example, of wild-pine acid or polymeric polycarboxylic acid instead of citric acid, or providing inclusion, for example, trios instead of dextrose, or Including, for example, one or more additives. Such adjustmentsinclude, for example,
Example 6
Preparation / artificial atmospheric aging / testing of compositions for shells of shells with a filler of glass beads, prepared using binders on the basis of ammonium polycarboxylate and sugar
In assessing the strength of the rupture of compositions for frames of shells with a filler of glass buds in their dry and wet condition, prepared with the use of pre-selected binderSubstance, the data indicate the possible strengths of the gap and, accordingly, the possibility of The wear indicators of fiberglass insulation, obtained using a concrete bonding agent. The predicted wear resistance is based on the ratio: the strength of tearing frame of the shell in a wet state: its strength in breakdown in a dry condition. The shells of the shells were prepared, treated with artificial atmospheric aging and tested in accordance with the procedure outlined below.
Procedure for cooking shell shells
The shell-shaped casting mold was adjusted to the desired temperature, as a rule, to 425 ° F (218.3 ° C), and left to warm up for a period of at least 10 ° C (-5 ° C) at least one hour. Approximately 100 g of aqueous binder on the basis of ammonium polycarboxylate and sugar (about 30% in solids) was prepared by heating the round-bottom mold.
action of the fraction of the binder), as described in Example 5. Using a large glass chemic glass, 727.5 g glass beads were weighed (Oiyiyuu Vaiioliyipi Itras, Veibv, Ayu, from zeue70-140, 106-212 Tisgop- # 7, from Royegov IbbivShiyev, pp.). Glass beads were loaded into a clean and dry mixing tank, which then installed a stable electric mixer. Approximately 75 g of aqueous binder on the basis of ammonium polycarboxylate and sugar was obtained approximately, after which the resulting binder was slowly poured into the mixing reservoir with glass beads. The electric mixer was then switched on, and a mixture containing glass beads and a binder based on polycarbonate ammonium silicate and sugar was stirred for one minute. Using a large spatula the walls of the machine of asphyxiation (mixer) are swept-off with a view to removing any sticking game-dock of the binder, while cleansing also the edges in those places where the glass beads lay the bottom of the reservoir. Then the mixer was switched on again for an additional minute, after which the machine for breaking (mixer) was removed from the rack, followed by the removal of a mixing vessel containing a mixture of glass beads and a binder on the basis of ammonium polycarboxylate and sugar. The use of a large spatula, from the mixing machine (the mixer), removed as much of the adhesive binding recho wine and glass beads attached to it as it was possible, after which a mixture containing glass beads and a polycarboxylate-based coupling agent ammonia and sugar, were stirred in a mixing tank. Then the walls of the reservoir were cleaned in order to mix any supernatural amount of binder that could be used on the walls. At this stage, a mixture of glass bu-sin and binder on the basis of polycarboxylate of ammonium and sugar was ready forformation in the shell mold.
The shells of the shell mold were torn down within the bottom of the rolling slab of foundry molds. Then, using a large spatula, a su-mesh of glass beads and a binder on the basis of polycarboxylate of ammonium and sugar, quickly zagan-stuck into three forming cavities inside the shell-shaped mold. The surface of the mixture in each of its cavities was smooth, while simultaneously scraping excess amount of mixture in order to give the shell an identical surface area. Any inconsistencies or illuminations that took place in any of the cavities, were filled with an additional number of mixture of glass beads and binder on the basis of ammonium and ammonium polycarboxylate, after which they were leveled. Once the mixture of glass beads of the binding substance on the basis of polycarboxylate ammonia and sugar was placed in the cavities of the shell and heated to it, the process of hardening began. Since processing time can affect the results of tests, for example, the carcass can be obtained in the form of two differently hardened layers, shell shells were prepared consistently and quickly. When the shell form was filled, the bottom plate quickly placed the top plate. At the same time or immediately after this, the measurement of the hardening time was initiated
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with the use of a stopwatch, and, under the pre-setting, the temperature of the bottom plate was set in the range from about 400 ° E (204.4 ° C) to about 430 ° E (22i, 1 ° C), and the temperature of the upper plating was in the range from about 440 ° E (226.7 ° C) to about 470 ° E (243.3 ° C). After seven minutes, the top plate was removed and pulled out so that it would be possible to pull out all three shells of shell. Then the freshly received frames of the shells were sized on a wire support, which adhered to the surface of the shell mold, and left to cool to room temperature. After that, each shell of the shell provided with a label and placed each individually in a plastic bag for storage, provided with the label the appropriate way. If the shell frames could not be subjected to a test on the day they were prepared, plastics packets for storage with shells of shell,
Exposure procedure (artificial atmospheric aging) for shell frames
The humidity chamber Viiye M was switched on and then it was set to the operating mode, which ensured the creation of conditions for artificial atmospheric stagnation: at 90 ° E (32.2 ° C) and 90% relative humidity (ie, 90T (32.2 ° C) / 90% gn). The reservoir from the water reservoir wall of the damp room is regularly checked and filled, as a rule, each time it is turned on. The chamber of dampness was left, at least, for 4 hours in order to achieve predetermined conditions of artificial atmospheric aging, in addition, the whole whole day of the establishment of a balance was typical. The carcasses of the shell, which were subjected to the processing of artificial atmospheric aging, quickly (as the doors opened like a fire, and the temperature is reduced) loaded alone through an open door of the chamber of moisture to the upper shelf with crevice openingsdog cameras. Time of time on which carcass plates were placed in the dampening chamber, fixed, and the artificial atmospheric aging process was carried out for 24 hours. After this the door of the cam-ry of dampens was opened and one set of frames of shells quickly pulled out at a time and placed individually in the corresponding plastic bags for storage, which were completely sealed. In general, the processing of artificial atmospheric aging, as stated above, was subjected from one to four sets of shell frames at a time. Treated with artificial atmospheric aging, the shells of shells were immediately moved to a hardware equipped with the equipment of the mark and the machine, and were tested. After this the door of the cam-ry of dampens was opened and one set of frames of shells quickly pulled out at a time and placed individually in the corresponding plastic bags for storage, which were completely sealed. In general, the processing of artificial atmospheric aging, as stated above, was subjected from one to four sets of shell frames at a time. Treated with artificial atmospheric aging, the shells of shells were immediately moved to a hardware equipped with the equipment of the mark and the machine, and were tested. After this the door of the cam-ry of dampens was opened and one set of frames of shells quickly pulled out at a time and placed individually in the corresponding plastic bags for storage, which were completely sealed. In general, the processing of artificial atmospheric aging, as stated above, was subjected from one to four sets of shell frames at a time. Treated with artificial atmospheric aging, the shells of shells were immediately moved to a hardware equipped with the equipment of the mark and the machine, and were tested.
Test procedure for shell frames tightness
In the hardware, equipped with the equipment of the markeepyogop, to the shells of the shell was used a method of testing using a trowel machine 5500 R and ipaygop, making sure that the corresponding torque sensor was installed (i.e., Ziais Boab SeII 5 kKi (dynamometer sensor static load of 5 kN)), and the hollow machine Sewed to warm up for fifteen minutes. During this period of time checked the correctness
installation in the car of the test captures of the cash-card shell. The dynamometer sensor was put into zero position and balanced, after which one set of shell frames was subjected to a one-time test in this way. The shell of the collar was pulled out of a plastic bag for storage and then weighed. Then the numerical values of the mass (in grams) were introduced into the computer, which interacted with the machine and the machine. Then in a computer that interacted with the machine andpeygop, three times entered the numerical value of the measured thickness of the shell of the shell (in inches), as a thickness of the sample. Then the sample of the carcass shell was mounted on the car and the machine, and the test process was initiated by using the keyboard on the machine and the machine. After the removal of the sample of the shell of the shell measured the value of the strength of the gap introduced into the computer, which interacted with the machine and eyegop,
The results of the tests are presented in tables 3-6, and these results represent the average values of the rupture strength (psi square inch) in dry condition, the mean value of the rupture strength (psi per square inch) in the wet state and the strength ratio I drank in the wet: dry condition.
Example 7
Preparation / artificial atmospheric aging / testing of mats containing glass fiber, prepared with the use of binding substances based on ammonium and sugar polycarboxylate (1: 6)
In assessing the strength of the gap between the mats, which are masonry glass fiber, in their dry and wet conditions, prepared using pre-selected binder, the data obtained indicate the possible parameters of the strength of the gap and, respectively, about the possible indexes of wear resistance of glass-fiber insulation, obtained with the use of concrete binder. Forecasting resistance is based on the ratio: the strength of the fracture of the mat, containing glass fiber, in wet state: its strength on the gap in the dry state. Mats containing fiberglass were prepared, treated with artificial atmospheric aging and tested in accordance with the following procedure. Procedure for cookingmats containing glass fiber.
The "Sand" box, 13 inches (330.19 mm) x 13 inches (330.19 mm) x 14 inches (355.59 mm), was shielded from a transparent acrylic sheet and peeled off to a hinged metal frame. Under the box, as the junction of the box from the box to the 3-inch (76.20 mm) drainage pipe installed a system of perforated panels and metal sieve with large openings. Under the box of YuesskeI, the woven plastic strap (called "tro-som") was sealed. To provide the mixing process, you used a vessel with a capacity of 5 gallons (18.93dm<sup>3</sup>), equipped with an internal vertical edge, and a mixing machine of intensive mixing of the shifted type with a mixer, equipped with pneumaticengine. As a rule, 4 gallons were mixed (15.14dm<sup>3</sup>) water and glass fiber from E-diaye (that is, from heat-resistant glass) (11 g, 22 g or 33 g) for two
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minutes The typical E-Diaphragm glass had the following mass component of the components: Z1O2, 52.5%; No. 20,0,3%; CaO, 22.5%; MDO, 1,2%; AI2O3, 14.5%; YEO / EE2O3, 0.2%; K2O, 0.2%; and B2O3, 8.6%. The drain pipe and the transitional area under the cable werefront filled with water so that the bottom of the boxYueckeI could moisten. The aqueous mixture of glass-cloth was poured into a Yueyeci box and subjected to a vertical displacement plate, which had forty nine (49) one-inch (25.40 mm) apertures. Then quickly opened the spool valve, installed at the bottom of the waste pipe, and fiberglass collected on the cable. The frame with a screen, which was already installed under the cable, facilitated the transfer of the sample of fiberglass. The specimen was subjected to dewatering by passing it over a cutting device with a 25 - 40-inch (634.99-1016.00 mm) water-absorbing column. For sample 11 -d, one pass was used, for example 22-d used two passes, and for sample 33-d used three passes. Samples moved to the second frame with a screen, and the form-tion cable was removed. Then the sample was dried and separated from the screen. The sample was then passed through a 3 inch (76.20 mm) diameter magnet shaft that was rotated in a bath containing an aqueous binder, based on ammonium polysaccharide and sahar (which contained 15% dissolved solid fractions of the binder and was prepared , as described in Example 5), while the glass fiber is saturated with a binder. Excessive amount of binding material was drawn by repetitive transmission over the slot of the extractor apparatus, resulting in the mother receiving the glass fiber, which was then subjected to hardening at 375 ° F (190,
The procedure of exposure (artificial atmospheric aging) for mats containing glass fiber
Samples of mats containing fiberglass, which were subjected to endurance processing, were placed on a belted-oriented interlacing with Teflon coating and pulled down to eliminate the buoyancy. For each binder on the basis of ammonium and sugar polycarboxylate, which should be evaluated, they were prepared in pairs of mats. Mother survived the temperature and dampness of the environment in the room with the system air conditioning, but without the regulation of health during at least one day. Of the same mother, seven samples were cut to the test using a stamp with the corresponding pro-fille: six samples were cut in one direction, and one sample was cut in a perpendicular direction, each sample being kept separately. Each sample had a width of 2 inches (50, 80 mm) was irrigated to a width of 1 inch (25.40 mm) on the mid-section, and its length was about 12 inches (304.79 mm). Three samples from each piece were placed in the chamber of "artificial atmospheric aging" at 37-38 ° C and 90% relative humidity for 24 hours. The specimens subjected to artificial atmospheric aging treatment were extracted from the chamber and stored in sealed plastic bags,
why each package contained a wet paper rush
nickname, before the time of direct testing
tion.
Test procedure for fiberglass
on strength
The device for the test on the gap was set to the mode of movement of the slider of 0.5 inches (12.70 mm) per minute. The clamps of the clamp are small in width 2 inches (50.80 mm) and approximately 1.5 inch (38.10 mm) grip. The test was sub-given three dry samples and three samples, subjected to the treatment of artificial atmospheric aging, from each ma-th. Dry specimens were used to measure the content of the binder, which was determined by the weight loss for calcining (BOI).
The results of the tests are presented in Table 7, and these results represent the average values of the BOI in percents, the average values of the severity of the gap (in pounds), the mean values of the strength of the break in the wet state (yfund-forces), and the ratio The limits of toughness on the ro-break in the wet: dry condition.
Example 8
Preparation of compositions containing a binder-substance on the basis of triammonium citrate and dextrose (1: 6) and fiberglass
Non-hardened roll insulations and solidified rushnoy isolation
The powdery dextrose monohydrate (300 pounds (136.08 kg)) and powdery anhydrous monosaccharide (50 pounds (22.68 kg)) combine a 260-gallon cap (984.21 dm<sup>3</sup>) Then they were given soft water to reach a volume of 235 hectares (889.58 dm<sup>3</sup>) To this mixture was added 9.5 halo (35.96 dm<sup>3</sup>) 19% aqueous ammonia solution and the premixed mixture were stirred to ensure complete dissolution of solid fractions. To the resulting solution was added 0.56 pounds (0.25 kg) of silane PIBYUBEEZT A-1101 to obtain 15.5% solution in dissolved dehydrated monohydrate and dissolved solid fractions of citrate ammonium (as a percentage of the total mass of solution); like 2-D this solution, after first heat curing at 400 ° P (204.4 ° C) for 30 waves-ling, would give 9.3% solids (loss of vaziobumovlena dehydration during the formation moreaktyvnoyi ter-conn tating material). Then rozchynpiddaly stirred for several waves-ling before his transfer to the pump for on-hnitannya binder where it was used to produce valsya-fiber insulation, particularly for obtaining a material referred to as "wet insulation"
Non-solid rolled insulation and solidified rushnoy isolation were obtained using known procedures for the production of fiberglass; such procedures are described in general terms and in U.S. Patent No. 5,318,990, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. As a rule, the binder is applied to the glass fibers by the method of their production and forming in the mat, the water is steamed from the binder, and the glass-fiber mate coated with the binder from the high-
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by which the solid fractions are heated to solidify the binder, and thus obtain a finished fiberglass mat that can be used, for example, as a heat-insulating or acoustic insulation product, as a matrix for composite material that is fabricated be cheated later on, etc.
Porous mat made of fiberglass was obtained by the formation of fibers from glass melt and non-warp molding of fiberglass mats to a perforated conveyor. Glass was melting in a glass of glass-fired furnace and was fed to a device for the formation of fibers, for example, on a device for rolling continuous fiberglass in the form of a centrifuge or a filier. The glass fibers supplied from the device, pulled out, and then blown down into the cameraformation. Glass fibers, as a rule, have a diameter of from about 2 microns to about 9 microns and have a length of about 0.25 inches (6.35 mm) to about 3 inches (76.20 mm). The diameters of glass fibers tended to vary from about 3 microns to about 6 microns, and their length was usually from about 0.5 inches (12.70 mm) to about 1.5 inches (38.10 mm). The glass fibers were deposited on a perforated tape molding conveyor. The binding substance was applied to the glass fibers by the method of their formation by means of appropriate coating devices spraying with the latter to ensure the distribution of the binder material throughout the thickness of the molding made of fiberglass. The glass fibers made of them on a non-solid-fiber binding substance were collected and shaped on a belt conveyor inside a framing chamber by means of a stream of dilute airborne particles transmitted through the bottom of the molding conveyor. The residual heat contained in the spiked fibers, as well as in the air flow passing through the mat, provided the evaporation of most of the water from the mother to their outlet from the formation chamber. (The water was removed to such a degree, until it was tense The wine-making wine was not started to work as a binding substance; the amount of water to be removed for any particular application, may be determined by an average person in the field of technology through a conventional experiment-tion).
As the appearance of a glass-fiber mat with a coating of a binder with high content of tweed-rhodium fractions from the formation chamber, it expanded in the vertical direction due to the rockyness of the glass fibers. Then the extended mat was moved and passed through a thermo-muffication chamber in which the heated air passed through the crucible to provide solidification of the binding recho-fault. Scraps located on top and bottom of the mat, slightly compressed mat to give the finished product a given thickness and the quality of surface finish. As a rule, the heat-shrinking chamber was set to operating at a temperature that exceeded the limits of approximately 350 ° E (176.7 ° C) to approximately 600 ° E (315.6 ° C). In general, the mat left-all in the chamber for a period of time from about 0.5 minutes to about 3 minutes. For production
ordinary heat-insulating or sound-proofproduction, this interval is within the range of about 0.75 minutes to about 1.5 w-lines. Glass fiber, which has a matrix of hardened, rigid binder, appeared from the camera molded shape, which could be compressed for packing and shipment, and which then, being released from the compression forces, essentially restored its original stretched in the vertical on -direct form. As an example, a fiberglass mat, the thickness of which when exiting the formation chamber is about 1.25 inches (31.75 mm), expands in the vertical direction to a thickness of about 9 inches (228.60 mm) in the zone of movement and slightly compresses into up to about 6 inches (152.40 mm) in a thermo-fixation chamber.
The nominal technical characteristics of the manufactured product in the form of solidified roll insulations, as described above, were: mass-about 0.09 pounds (0.041 kg) per square foot (929.03 cm<sup>2</sup>), a density of about 0.7 pounds (0.318 kg) per cubic foot (28.32 dm<sup>3</sup>), a thickness of about 1.5 inches (38.10 mm), a fiber diameter of approximately 22 thousandths of an inch (5.6 microns), the content of the binder after solidification is 11% and the content of the mineral oil for the spin- Dust (dusting oil) - approx. 0.7%. The temperature of the enclosure chamber was set at approximately 460 ° E (237.8 ° C). Unconfined roll insulations came out of a forming chamber with a visible color from white to not all-white , while solidified roll insulation came out of a camera with a visible dark-browncolor and well-bonded. After collecting several rolls of hardener, the roll insulation was broken down by the camera, and non-solid roll insulation was also collected for experiments.
Example 9
Preparation of compositions containing a binder agent on the basis of triammonium citrate and dextrose (1: 6) and fiberglass: a duct panel
The powder dehydrogen monohydrate (1800 pounds (816.47 kg)) and powdered anhydrous monosaccharide (300 pounds (136.08 kg)) were combined into a 2000 gallon stirrer tank (7570.86 dm<sup>3</sup>), which contained 743.2 gallons (2813.33dm<sup>3</sup>) of soft water. To this mixture was added 52.9 gallons (200.25 dm<sup>3</sup>) 19% aqueous ammonia solution under stirring, and stirring continued for about thirty minutes to achieve complete dissolution of solid fractions. To the resulting solution was added 9 pounds (4.08 kg) of silane 5 ISHIIET5T A-1101 in order to obtain a solution of ΔrH ~ 8 (using pH-paper), with this solution containing about 25% dissolved monohydrate dextrose and dissolved solid fractions of ammonium citrate (as a percentage content of the total mass of solution); sample 2-d of this solution, post-thermal hardening at 400 ° E (204.4 ° C) for 30 minutes, would give 15% of solids (loss of attention due to dehydration during the formation thermosetting binder). Then, the rose was subjected to stirring for several minutes before it was transferred to the reservoir for
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storage of the binder from which it was extracted for use in the production of glass fiber insulation, in particular, for obtaining a material called "duct panel".
The duct panel was obtained using the known glass-glass production procedures; such procedures are described in general terms inexample 8. Nominal technical specificationsproduct in the form of a duct panel were: mass - about 0.4 pounds (0.18 kg) per square foot (929.03 cm<sup>2</sup>), a density of about 4.5 фунтов (2,04 kg) per cubic foot (28.32 дм<sup>3</sup>), the thickness is about 1 inch (25.40 mm), the diameter of the fibers is about 32 hundredths of inches (8.1 microns), the content of the binding substance is about 14.3%, and the content of the mineral oil for dust deposition (dust- precipitating oil) is about 0.7%. The temperature of the enclosure chamber was set at 550 ° E (287.8 ° C). The product came out of the camera with a vivid dark-brown color and well-crafted.
Example 10
Preparation of compositions containing a binder-substance on the basis of citrate of triammonium and dextrin (1: 6) and fiberglass: household roll insula R30
The powdery dextrose monohydrate (1200 pounds (544.31 kg)) and powdered anhydrous monosaccharide (200 pounds (90.72 kg)) were combined into a 2000 gallon stirring tank (7570.86 dm<sup>3</sup>), which contained 1104 gallons (4179,11dm<sup>3</sup>) of soft water. To this mixture was added 42.3 gallons (160.12 dm<sup>3</sup>) 19% aqueous ammonia solution under stirring, and stirring continued for about thirty minutes to achieve complete dissolution of solid fractions. To the resulting solution was added 6 pounds (2.72 kg) of silane ZIBOiEZT A-1101 in order to obtain a solution of ΔrN ~ 8 (using pH-paper), with this solution containing about 13.4% dissolved dextrose monohydrate and dissolved solid fractions of ammonium citrate (as percentage content from the totalmass of the solution); sample 2-d of this solution, post-thermal hardening at 400 ° E (204.4 ° C) for 30 minutes, would give 8% of solid fractions (loss of attention due to dehydration during the formation thermosetting binder). Then, the rose was subjected to stirring for several minutes before it was transferred to the reservoir for storage of the binder,
Household roll insulation of P30 was obtained using known procedures for the production of glass fiber; such procedures are described in general terms in Example 8. The nominal technical characteristics of the product in the form of household roll insula-tion P30 were: mass - about 0.4 pounds (0.18 kg) per square foot (929.03 cm<sup>2</sup>), a density of about 4.5 pounds (2.04 kg) per cubic foot (28.32 dm<sup>3</sup>), the thickness is about 10 inches (254.00 mm) at the end of the line after the initial-form recovery after deformation, the diameter of the fibers -
approximately 18 hundredthousand inches (4.6 microns), the content of the binder - about 3.8%, and the content of mineral oil for dust deposition (dusting oil) - about 0.7%. The temperature of the enclosure chamber was set at 550 ° E (287.8 ° C). The product came out of the camera with a vivid brown color and well-tied.
Example 11
Preparation of compositions containing a binder-containing substance on the basis of citrate of triammonium and dextrin (1: 6) and fiberglass: household rolled insulation R19
Party A-1
The powdery dextrose monohydrate (1200 pounds (544.31 kg)) and powdered anhydrous monosaccharide (200 pounds (90.72 kg)) were combined into a 2000 gallon stirring tank (7570.86 dm<sup>3</sup>), which contained 1104 gallons (4179,11dm<sup>3</sup>) of soft water. To this mixture was added 35.3 gallons (133.63 dm<sup>3</sup>) 19% aqueous ammonia solution under stirring, and stirring continued for about thirty minutes to achieve complete dissolution of solid fractions. To the resulting solution was added 6 pounds (2.72 kg) of silane ZIBOiEZT A-1101 in order to obtain an solution σrN ~ 8 (using pH-paper), with this solution containing approximately 13.3% dissolved dextrose monohydrate and dissolved solid fractions of ammonium citrate (as percentage content from the totalmass of the solution); sample 2-d of this solution, post-thermal hardening at 400 ° E (204.4 ° C) for 30 minutes, would give 8% of solid fractions (loss of attention due to dehydration during the formation thermosetting binder). Then, the rose was subjected to stirring for several minutes before it was transferred to the reservoir for storage of the binder,
Household roll insulation P19, batch A-1, was obtained using known procedures for the production of fiberglass; such procedures are described in general terms in Example 8. Nominal technical characteristics of the product in the form of household rubbish isolation P19, were: mass - approximately 0,2 pounds (0,09 kg) per square foot (929,03 cm<sup>2</sup>), a density of about 0.2 pounds (0.09 kg) per cubic fountain (28.32 dm<sup>3</sup>) Thickness - about 6.5 inches (165.10 mm) at the end of the line after the restoration of early-ing shape after deformation, fiber diameter about 18 hundred-thousandth of an inch (4.6 microns) vmistzv'yazuyuchoyi matter - about 3, 8% and the content of mineral oil for deposition of dust (dust-depleting oil) - about 0.7%. The temperaure of the enclosure chamber was set at a level of 570 ° E (298.9 ° C). The product came out of the camera with a vivid brown color and well-tied.
Party A-2
The powdery dextrose monohydrate (1200 pounds (544.31 kg)) and powdered anhydrous monosaccharide (200 pounds (90.72 kg)) were combined into a 2000 gallon stirring tank (7570.86 dm<sup>3</sup>), which contained 558 gallons (2112.27
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dm<sup>3</sup>) of soft water. To this mixture was added 35.3 gallons (133.63 dm<sup>3</sup>) 19% aqueous ammonia solution under stirring, and stirring continued for about thirty minutes to achieve complete dissolution of solid fractions. To the obtained solution was added 5 pounds (2,27 kg) silane ZiyuuEEZT A-1101 in order to obtain a solution of UH-8 (using pH-paper), with this solution containing approximately 20,5% dissolved dextrose monohydrate and dissolved solid fractions of ammonium citrate (as percentage content from the totalmass of the solution); a sample of 2-d of this solution, post-thermal hardening at 400 ° E (204.4 ° C) for 30 minutes, would give 12% of solids (loss of attention due to dehydration during the formation thermosetting binder). Then, the rose was subjected to stirring for several minutes before it was transferred to the reservoir for storage of the binder,
Household roll insulation P19, batch A-2, was obtained using known procedures for the production of fiberglass; such procedures are described in general terms in Example 8. Nominal technical characteristics of the product in the form of household rubbish isolation P19 were: the mass - about 0 2 pounds (0,09 kg) per square foot (929.03 cm<sup>2</sup>), a density of about 0.4 pounds (0.18 kg) per cubic fountain (28.32 dm<sup>3</sup>), the thickness is about 6.5 inches (165.10 mm) at the end of the line after the initial-form regeneration after deformation, the diameter of the fibers - 18 thousandths of inches (4.6 microns), the content of the binding substance - about 3.8 and the mineral content of dust for deposition (dust-depleting mass) is about 0.7%. The temperature of the enclosure was set to approximately 570 ° E (298.9 ° C). The product came out of the camera with visible brown color and well-clad.
Party B.
Powdered dextrose monohydrate (300 pounds (136.08 kg)) and powdered anhydrous monosaccharide (50 pounds (22.68 kg)) were combined into a bulk container (IBC) in accordance with the international standard with a capacity of 260 gallons (984 , 21 dm<sup>3</sup>), which already contained 167 gallons (632.17 dm<sup>3</sup>) of distilled water. To this mixture were given 10.6 gallons (40.13 dm<sup>3</sup>) 19% of aqueous ammonia solution under stirring and stirring was continued for about 30 minutes to achieve complete dissolution of solid fractions. To the resulting solution was added 1.5 pounds (0.68 kg) silane ZIYuyEZT A-1101 for the purpose of obtaining a solution Jeanne pH ~ 8 (using pH paper), and this solution containing dissolved pryblyzno20,1% dextrose monohydrate and solu -the solid fractions of ammonium citrate (as a percentage of the total mass of the solution); a sample of 2-d of this solution, after thermal curing at 400 ° E (204.4 ° C) for 30 minutes, would give 12% of the solid fractions (weight loss due to dehydration during the formation of the thermosetting binder). Then the IVS, which contained water
the caustic substance was transferred to a place where the binder substance was pumped in a ring to spray the binding substance diluted with a distillate water in a fiber forming chamber, and then used for the production of fiberglass insulation, in particular, to obtain a material that is "household roll insulated P19 ".
Household roll insulation P19, part B, was obtained using known procedures for the production of fiberglass; such procedures are described in general terms in Example 8. Nominal technical characteristics of the product in the form of household rub-ins of P? 19, were: mass - approximately 0,2 pounds (0,09 kg) per square foot (929.03 cm<sup>2</sup>), a density of about 0.4 pounds (0.18 kg) per cubic fountain (28.32 dm<sup>3</sup>), a thickness of about 6.5 inches (165.10 mm) at the end of the line after the initial-form regeneration after deformation, the diameter of the fibers is approximately 18 hundredthousand inches (4.6 microns), the content of the binding substance is about 3, 8% and the content of mineral oil for dust deposition (dust-sediment oil) - about 0.7%. The temperaure of the enclosure chamber was set at a level of 570 ° E (298.9 ° C). The product came out of the camera with a vivid brown color and well-tied.
Party S.
Powdered dextrose monohydrate (300 pounds (136.08 kg)) and powdered anhydrous monosaccharide (50 pounds (22.68 kg)) were combined into a bulk container (IBC) in accordance with the international standard with a capacity of 260 gallons (984 , 21 dm<sup>3</sup>), which already contained 167 gallons (632.17 dm<sup>3</sup>) of distilled water. To this mixture were given 10.6 gallons (40.13 dm<sup>3</sup>) 19% of aqueous ammonia solution under stirring and stirring was continued for about 30 minutes to achieve complete dissolution of solid fractions. To the resulting solution was added 1.5 pounds (0.68 kg) silane ZIUUIEZT A-1101 followed by an addition of 1.80 gallons (6.81 dm<sup>3</sup>) an emulsion of meth-LHV 1040 (the supplier of Shaske SetsisIgogiyop) in order to obtain a solution of pH 8 (using pH-paper), with this solution containing approximately 20.2% of dissolved monohydrate dextroses and dissolved solid fractions of citrate ammonium (as a percentage of the total mass of solution) ; a sample of 2-d of this solution, after thermal curing at 400 ° E (204.4 ° C) for 30 minutes, would give 12% of solid fractions (vapor loss is due to dehydration during the formation of ter-seaactive binder ) Subsequently, the IBC containing the aqueous binder was transferred to the place where the binder was pumped in the ring for sputtering the binder, diluted with distilled water, into the fusion cell, and then used to produce the glass-fiber insulation, in particular for obtainingmaterial
Household roll insulation P19, part C, was obtained using known procedures for the production of fiberglass; such procedures are described in general terms in Example 8. Nominal technicalcharacteristics of the product in the form of household rubbish isolation P19 were: the mass - about 0.2
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pounds (0.09 kg) per square foot (929.03 cm<sup>2</sup>), a density of about 0.4 pounds (0.18 kg) per cubic fountain (28.32 dm<sup>3</sup>), a thickness of about 6.5 inches (165.10 mm) at the end of the line after the restoration of the initial form after deformation, the diameter of the fibers is about 18 hundredthousand inches (4.6 microns), the content of the binding substance is about 3 , 8% and the content of mineral oil for dust deposition (dusting oil) - about 0.7%. The temperaure of the enclosure chamber was set at a level of 570 ° E (298.9 ° C). The product came out of the camera with a vivid brown color and well-tied.
Party 0
Powdered dextrose monohydrate (300 pounds (136.08 kg)) and powdered anhydrous monosaccharide (50 pounds (22.68 kg)) were combined into a bulk container (IBC) in accordance with the international standard with a capacity of 260 gallons (984 , 21 dm<sup>3</sup>), which already contained 167 gallons (632.17 dm<sup>3</sup>) of distilled water. To this mixture were given 10.6 gallons (40.13 dm<sup>3</sup>) 19% of aqueous ammonia solution under stirring and stirring was continued for about 30 minutes to achieve complete dissolution of solid fractions. To the resulting solution was added 1.5 pounds (0.68 kg) silane ZISHIEEZT A-1101, followed by the addition of 22 pounds (9.98 kg) of the clay product of the Pure Iron Ore (supplier of ZooFegl SIAuRgobisie) in order to obtain a solution with pH ~ 8 (using pH-paper), with this solution containing about 21.0% dissolved monohydrate dis trose and dissolved solid fractions of citrate ammonium (as a percentage of the total mass of solution); a sample of 2-d of this solution, after thermal curing at 400 ° E (204.4 ° C) for 30 minutes, would give 12.6% of solid fractions (the loss in the vase is due to dehydration during the formation of the ter-sea activated carbon tating material). Then the IBS, which contained a Meillard water binding agent,
Household roll insulation P19, Yu party, was obtained with the use of known procedures for the production of fiberglass; such procedures are described in general terms in Example 8. Nominal technical characteristics of the product in the form of household isolation of roll P19 were: mass - about 0 2 pounds (0,09 kg) per square foot (929.03 cm<sup>2</sup>), a density of about 0.4 pounds (0.18 kg) per cubic fountain (28.32 dm<sup>3</sup>), a thickness of about 6.5 inches (165.10 mm) at the end of the line after the restoration of the initial form after deformation, the diameter of the fibers 18 thousandths of inches (4.6 microns), the content of the binding substance - about 3.8% and the content mineral oil for deposition of dust (dust-depositing oil) - about 0.7%. The chamber hardening temperature was set to approximately 570 ° E (298.9 ° C). The product came out of the camera with visible brown color and well-clad.
Example 12
Preparation of compositions containing binder-
The substance on the basis of triammonium citrate and dextrin-
Zia (1: 6) and fiberglass: tubular non-hardened insulation
The powdery dextrose monohydrate (1200 pounds (544.31 kg)) and powdered anhydrous monosaccharide (200 pounds (90.72 kg)) were combined into a 2000 gallon stirring tank (7570.86 dm<sup>3</sup>), which contained 215 gallons (813.87 dm<sup>3</sup>) of soft water. To this mixture was added 42.3 gallons (160.12 dm<sup>3</sup>) 19% aqueous ammonia solution under stirring, and stirring continued for about thirty minutes to achieve complete dissolution of solid fractions. To the resulting solution was added 6 pounds (2.72 kg) of silane ZIBOBEesT A-1101 in order to obtain a solution of 8? (Using pH-paper), and this solution contained about 41.7% dissolved dextrose monohydrate and dissolved solid fractions of ammonium citrate (as percentage content from the totalmass of the solution); sample 2-d of this solution, post-thermal hardening at 400 ° E (204.4 ° C) for 30 minutes, would give 25% of the solid fractions (loss of attention due to dehydration during the formation thermosetting binder). Then, the rose was subjected to stirring for several minutes before it was transferred to the reservoir for storage of the binder,
Pipe non-hardened insulation was obtained using known procedures of production of glass fiber; such procedures are described in general terms in Example 8. The nominal technical characteristics of the product in the form of tubular non-solidified isolation were: mass - about 0.07 pounds (0.03 kg) per square foot (929.03 cm<sup>2</sup>), the density is approxi- mately 0.85 pounds (0.38 kg) per cubic foot (28.32 dm<sup>3</sup>) Estimated thickness - about 1 inch (25.40 mm) diameter fiber - about 30 stoty syachnyh-inch (7.6 microns) and content-binding recho fault after hardening - about 7%. Pipe insulation non-hardened dilyankuformuvannya transported in pipes, where it poured in tsylindroviobolonky wall thickness of 6 inches (152.40 mm) idiametrom hole 3 inches (76.20 mm) and density 4funty (1.81 kg) per cubic foot (28 , 32 dm<sup>3</sup>) for use as tubular insulation. These shellshave hardened in the chamber for thermofixation at approximately 450 ° E (232.2 ° C), resulting in a dark brown, well-tiedproduct in the form of pipe insulation. The shells subjected to hardening at higher temperatures demonstrated ramming and could not be used for further testing.
Example 13
Preparation of compositions containing a binder-containing substance based on citrate of triammonium and dextrose (1: 6) and cellulose fiber: wood fibers
Several methods have been used to obtain fibrous fibers / sheets bound to a binder on the basis of triammonium citrate and dextrose (1: 6). A characteristic way
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The bomb, due to which received strong, homogeneous specimens, is the following. Wood in the form of unsorted pine shavings and sawdust bought from the composition of a local farm. Examples of wood-fiber boards were kept from the wood in its "initial state", as well as from the material accumulated in the components of shavings and sawdust. The wood was first dried by the oven at about 200 ° F (93.3 ° С), which led to removal of 14-15% moisture from the shavings and about 11% of sawdust. After that, the dried wood was placed in a plastic container, 8 inches (203.20 mm) x 10.5 inches (266.70 mm) x 12 inches (304.79 mm) (approximate sizes). A binding resino wine based on triammonium citrate and dextrose (1: 6) (36% in solid fractions of the binder) was prepared, as described in Example 5, after 160 g of & The spray material was sprayed through a hydraulic attachment on a 400-gram sample of wood in a plastic container, with the container tilt tilted 30-40 ° from the vertical and tilted rotation (about 5-15 turns per minute). During this treatment, the wood calmly reversed, until it became uniformly covered with the connecting substance.
Samples of rubber wood were placed in a loaded frame and placed between heated plates in the following compression modes: resin-chip, 300 psi (2068.43 kPa); sawdust is rubbered, 600 pounds per square inch (4136.85 kPa). For each rubber sample, the solidification regimes were 350 ° F (176.7 ° C) for 25-30 minutes. The resulting samples of plates have a length of about 10 inches (254.00 mm), shirin about 10 inches (254.00 mm) and a thickness of 0.4 inches (10.16 mm) before the clipping, good inside cohesion, smooth surface and cleancut when cutting a belt saw. The density of the final samples and the sizes of each resulting oversized sample of the plates were as follows: a sample of wood shavings: density - approx. 54 pounds per square foot (263.65 kg / m<sup>2</sup>), dimensions: length - about 8.3 inches (210.82 mm), width - about 9 inches (228.60 mm), thickness - about 0.36 inches (9.14 mm); sampleplant from sawdust: density - about 44 pounds square feet (214.83 kg / m<sup>2</sup>), dimensions: length - about 8.7 inches (220.98 mm), width - approx. 8.8 inches (223.52 mm), thickness - about 0.41 inches (10.41 mm). The moderate content of the binding substance in each sample of the fibrous fiber was approximately 12.6%.
Example 14
Test / evaluation of compositions containing a binding substance based on citrate of triammonium andextra (1: 6) and fiberglass
Compositions containing a binder on the basis of citrate of triammonium and dextrose (1: 6) and glass fiber, from examples 8-12, ie solidified roll-on insulation, duct panel, household roll insulation P30, household roll insulation P19 and tubular non-hardening insulation were subjected to a test-in comparison with the corresponding composition containing a phenolfor-maldegid (PP) and fiberglass based binder on one or more of the following parameters: product separation, geese-
tin, weight loss for calcining, regeneration state, dust presence, rupture strength, fracture strength, durability for splitting, adhesion strength, water absorption, characteristics of the working surface in high temperatures, corrosion on steel, rigidity of the anvil, density / stiffness, compression strength, compression strength after shutting down, stiffening module, compression module after shutting down and smoke-forming during firing. The results of these tests are presented in tables 8-13. Boules also identified gaseous compounds formed during pyrolysis of solidified roll insulations from example 8, and gaseous compounds that were formed during the thermal hardening of the tubular non-solidified insulation from Example 12; these results of tests are given in Tables 14-15. Working characteristics of the surface in high-temperature conditions for pipe solidified insulation are presented in FIGS. 5 and FIG. 6. The specific tests conducted and the conditions for conducting these tests are nast-mum.
Tests for the selection of the productSeparation from the product for solidified roll
the isolation from example 8 and the duct panel of the pie-frame 9 were determined in accordance with the procedures specified in the DOS Sagepidiax TezIiPd. Isolation products were monitored for the release of a total amount of volatile organic compounds (TUOS), formaldehyde, total number of selected aldehydes in accordance with the American Society for Testing Materials AZTM U5116 ("Physiotherapy and Tissue Therapy", "Physiotherapy and Radiation Therapy" United States Agency for Environmental Protection (iZERA) and the ISAO Publications Manual Washington, January, 1994. The data on collection were collected for a one-week period of exposure, and clothing rye concentrations in air were determined for each of the above substances. Projected concentrations in the air were controlled using a computer ' based on Washington requirements, which include the standard conditions for the loading of the premises and the conditions for ventilation in accordance with the Standard AZNRAE 62-1999 of the American Society for Heating, Cooling and Air Conditioning Engineers. The imposition of the product is based on the use of standard walls with an area of 28.1 m<sup>2</sup> in a room of 32 m<sup>3</sup>.
Selection of aldehydes - Selected aldehydes Insulating products were tested in small-
It has a chamber of artificial climate with a volume of 0,0855 m<sup>3</sup>, and the chemical isolation was measured by the analytical method. Bold selected aldehydes, including formaldehyde measured in response to Standard-ness AZTM YU5197 ( "Tez ZYiapSahS! MeYiYoS tog YueTehtipayiiop RohtaISeYuSe APS OYiYehSahopui SotroypSz IP AIG (Asyiiue ZatriehMeTYoSoIodu)") using the method vysokoe fektyvnoyi-performance liquid chromatography (NRI_S). For collection of formaldehyde and other low molecular weight carbonyl compounds, cartridges with solid sorbent, filled with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (NINH) were used. Reagent INR
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the cartridge reacted with the carbonyl compounds collected, forming stable hydrazone derivatives that were held by the cartridge. Hydrazone derivatives were extracted from the cartridge by acetonitrile of the NRSB class. The aliquot of the sample was analyzed on the hydrazone derivatives of the low molecular weight aldehyde using a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with a wrapped phase, applying the method of detecting the spectrum in the ultraviolet region. The optical density of the derivatives is measured at a wavelength of 360 nm. The mass responses of the obtained peaks were determined using multi-point calibration curves prepared from standard solutions of hydrazone derivatives. The measurements correspond to the level subjected to quantitative analysis, 0.2 μg, based on the collection of standard air volume of 45 liters.
Examine Test - Fat Organic Compounds (UOC)
Measurement of VOCs was carried out using a gas chromatography method with a mass spectrometric detection method (CC / MH). The air from the chamber was collected on a solid sorbent, which was then thermally desorbed in the CC / MH. The designation of the sorbent, the separation and methodology of analysis, were obtained from the methods presented by JAZERA and other researchers. The collection technique describes the method of the MES of the IP-IV and, in general, applies to the organic chemical reagents C5-S16 with a boiling point that fluctuates between 35 ° C and 250 ° C. The measurements correspond to the quantifiable quantification level of 0.4 μg, based on the collection of a standard volume of air18 liters. Individual UOCs were separated and found usingSS / MH. Complete UOS measurements were carried out by summing up all the individual UOS observations obtained by the mass spectrometer,
Checking discharge - Determination of concentrations in the air
The intensity of formaldehyde isolation, allaldehydes, and TUOS was used in a computer exposition model to determine the potential concentrations of substances in the air. In the computer model, the changes in the measured activity of allocations in one week period of time were used to determine the changes in concentrations in the air, which could accordingly take place. Measurements using the computer model were carried out with assumptions: air in the open official squares in the building is well mixed in the zone level of breath occupied space; the conditions of the atmospheric atmosphere are maintained at 50% relative humidity and 73 ° E (22.8 ° C); there are no additional sources of these substances; and there are no sewage pipes orpotential sources of recoil discharge within the space for these substances. Model of the SouthernAsiaExrOzigeMoSeI, UeGiOp 2. 0 was specially modified to accommodate this product and related chemical reagents. Parameters of ventilation andfill were taken from the Standard AZNRAEZIAPBAGB 62-1999.
Density
The density of solidified rolled insulation from annex 8 was determined in accordance with the laboratory test method inside the premises of RTB-1, "Tezhi MeiBob Tog Yuepiziuu apb Tyskpezz ViapkeI ogVaїi TjegtaI IpiziaIiop", which is in fact identical to the Standard AZTM C 167. The density of the panel of airborne duct Example 9 was determined in accordance with the laboratory test method inside the premises of the RB3-3, "Tezhi Rgossebiga Togu Yepuziu RageTogtebViosc-TouretligatI IpsiiaIiop", which is actually identical to the ASTM C 303 standard.
Loss of weight for burning (BOI)
Loss of weight for calcining for solidified cored insulation from Example 8 and panel air duct from Example 9 was determined in accordance with the methodlaboratory tests inside premises K-157, "Idiopia I_ozz Siegeb VIApkei (I_OI)". The test was carried out on a sample in a wire tray located in an oven at 1000 ° E (537.8 ° C) +/- 50 ° E (10.0 ° C) for 15-20 minutes to achieve complete oxidation, and after this treatment the resulting sample was weighed.
Strength in splitting
The strength of the splitting for the solid-core roll insulation from Example 8, household roll insulation, P30 from example 10, and household roll insulation P19 from Example 11 were determined in accordance with the method of laboratory tests of the indoor unit of the EIRI-161 premises that is actually identical to the ASTM C 686 Standard, "RagIypD SigEpDiMiPEGAi GuIgE VaIiA ApBiI-ApKeKi-TUrIiPiIiIop".
Duration of splitting strength
The duration of fracture toughness for the household roll insulation of P30 from Example 10 and the household roll insulation of P19 from Example 11 was determined in accordance with the ASTM C 686 Standard, "Rigidity of the Miepage and the Guardian of the Viale-Turibisiiiop", followed by a one-week standstill at 90 ° E (32, 2 ° C) and a relative humidity of 95%.
Strength on the gap
The strength of the gap for solidified roll insulation from Example 8 and household roll insulation R19 from Example 11 was determined in accordance with the method of laboratory tests within the areas of CRY-161, "Tepzii Zigepdiy Tezzi Rgossebyge." Tests were carried out on the machine cutting off for specimens both in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction. Samples were kept for 24hodyn at 75 ° E (23.9 ° C) and relative humidity 50% .Desyat designs carved in each direction bulypiddani environmentalenvironment test under conditions of 75 ° E (23.9 ° C) and relative humidity of 50%. The sample with the pointed ends was in accordance with the Standard AZTM I638 "ZiapSagS Tezimi MeIoS Tog TepsoireRegorGiIzE o RIAazIs." For all tests, the speed of the croissoplasty, which was equal to 2 inches (50.80 mm) per minute, was applied.
Aggregation
The interluminar force of clutch of solidified root isolation from example 8, household roll insulations R30 from example 10 and household roll insulations P19 from example 11 was determined in accordance with the method of laboratory tests in the interior of the premises of EIRU-159, "Vopbs ZiegediedieEgdiAziz VoagSs apS ViApkei PgOsisiz" . Molded
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samples with a 6-inch 6-inch cross-sectional area (152.40 mm to 152.40 mm) stuck a mounting plate of 6 inches by 7 inches (152.40 mm to 177.80 mm) and placed in a clamping device, using which applied force, perpendicular to the surface of the sample. For all tests, the speed of the Cretaceous-Copp was used, which was 12 inches (304.79 mm) per minute.
Restoration of thickness
Tests on the thickness of the expanded and cooled solidified rolled insulation from example 8 were conducted in accordance with the methods of laboratory tests in premises K-123, "Potential Testing - EPs Ipipe Euphon Rip MeIIiOS-Roi and PgOsIz", and K-109, "Tez, Rossi Siege YoofSi ^^ ^ The Roi and PogoSession - Roi Megliios. " The restored thickness was measured by squeezing the silk through a sample of solidified roller insulation of the product rolled into a roll (or after 15 minutes after the rollback, or at a later time) until the shims were in contact with the flat solid surface that was placed under the sample and then measured the recovered thickness by steel ruler.
Tests on the presence of dust
The test for the presence of dust in relation to the solid-state roll insula- tion from Example 8, household R-insulation insulation R30 from Example 10, and domestic R-insulation insulation P19 from the example of Example 11, was conducted in accordance with the method of laboratory tests inside the premises K-102, RASCADE RIEGA SIZAZ YUZESI TEZEI, BAY MEYIOS. " The dusts released from arbitrarily selected samples of retracting roll insulations, household roll insula-tion P30 and household roll insulations P19, which were lowered in a digger, were collected on a filter, and the amount of PyL was determined by weighing the difference.
Water absorption
Tests on water absorption (in mass percentages) relative to solidified roll insulations from sample 8 and household roll insulation of P19 from the substrate 11 were carried out in accordance with the Standard АЗтМ С 1104, "TEMI MIiIiOiIiOg OEiEgTiPPd ShAiEiUiOiOiTiOiTiTiHiTiPPd ShAiEgUaRoGiIiIiIiOp ipIyAsE MEpegI iRiEg ipIiIiOp".
Bending stiffness (ΕΙ)
The stiffness of the bending of the duct panel from sample 9, which is the pair of forces required to bend the duct panel, ie, the class E product, the elastic modulus, and I, the bending moment of inertia, were determined in accordance with the Standard NANIRO ANZ 100- 74, "Tezei Meiiosi YogiReghihagiRidiSiiuRusiapidiAg ReDiSi YuSi MaEiHiAiZ".
Density / stiffness
The density / stiffness test relative to the household roll insulation P19 from example 11 was carried out in accordance with the laboratory test method inside the premises K-117, "TezhiRgosseigo Tog RIdISiIu VIiSiPd IppIiIiOp". An example of a household roll insulation of 19 "long, 47.5 inches (1206.50 mm) (+0.5 in. (12,70 mm)) was placed on the central support rod of the rigidity test device, which contained a hologram scale located directly behind the central backbone. At the end of the sample, which was freely hanging, the angle (in degrees-haha) at each end of the sample was recorded by directing the view along the lower edge of the specimen while simultaneously reading the marks on the cubic-scale scale.
Compression strength
The strength of compression of the duct panel from sample 9 was determined in accordance with the Standard AZTM C 165, "ZiyapSaCS TezIi MeIiOsoTogMaazIgid SotGrEzm RgoregIiIZ TeIiGtaIiPiIiIiOpZ."
Strength compression after shutting down
The compressive strength of the air duct panel from sample 9 after its one week exposure at90 ° F (23.9 ° C) and relative humidity of 95% was determined in accordance with the Standard AZTM C 165, "MISCIPLINE MECHANISM ITOGRAPHIC MECHANICAL METHODS".
Compression module
The compression module for the air duct panel with the locking system 9 was determined in accordance with the Standard AZTM C 165, "CIPPCA TEXI MIiIiOi IoG MeAZiGiPd SotGrEzMe RgORreGiIzTiIgTAi iPzIaIiOpZ".
After compression compression module
The compression module for the air duct panel from the jaw 9 after its one-week standstill at 90 ° F (23.9 ° C) and relative humidity of 95% was determined in accordance with the Standard AZTM C 165, "ZiAPSiMeTiOiIiIi MeAzIgId SotRGezMeMiIiTiItAiTiIgTAI iPiIiIiOp".
Characteristics of the working surface in conditions of high temperatures
Testing of the characteristics of the working surfaces under high temperature conditions with respect to the hardened roller insulation of Example 8, household roll insulation of P30 from example 10, and household roll insulation P19 from Example 11 were carried out in accordance with the ASTM C 411 Standard, "Tezhi MeijiS TogNoi Ziggyas RegiOgtaPse Nidi TetraGiIgiTiIgtaIiPiIiIiop". Tests of the performance of the surface in high temperatures were carried out in sections 3x6 inches (76,20x152,40 mm) in the form of pipe non-solid insulation from the pre-12 at 650 ° F (343.3 ° C) and 1000 ° C (537, 8 ° С) in accordance with the АЗТМ С 411 Standard, "TEXTIMeIiOiIiOiOi NOi ZIGiAsE REGiOgTApse NIDiTETRAgIiGeTiTiTiTiTiTiTiTiIiIiIiOp". There was no indication, but any increase in the internal temperature in the insulation, which was measurable,
Corrosive to steel
Test of corrosion on steel relative household cleaning roll insulation R30 from example 10 and household roll insulation P19 from example 11 pro-
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they were taken using steel samples for testing in accordance with the procedure of laboratory tests inside the premises of the KPaT RTI-14, which is actually identical to the Standard of the LZTM C665.
Smoke formation during firing
The smoke formation during calcination with respect to the solidified roll insulation from Example 8 with the calculation of a specific damping region (ZEL) was determined by the method of tapered calorimetry in accordance with the Standard AZTM E 1354, "Tez MeiBob Togneaia apb Uiziyae Otoko Reease Izez Tog MaTegiaIzapb Roboisiz izipd up Occupation Sopisitriiops Saiogiteyeug ".
Gaseous compounds formed in the process of pyrolysis.
The gaseous compounds formed in the process of pyrolysis of solidified rolled insulation from Example 8 were determined as follows: about 10 g of an adherent rolled insulation was placed in a test tube for testing, which was then heated to 1000 ° F (537.8 ° C) for 2.5 minutes, while samples of the gaseous medium from the free space of the test tube were sampled and analyzed on the gas content by means of chromatography / mass spectrometry (SS / MH) under the following conditions: furnace, 50 ° C for one wave line - 10 ° C / minute to 300 ° C for 10 minutes; entrance 280 ° C without cracks; column HP-5 30 mm x 0.25 mm x 0.32 microns; flow rate in the column, 1.11 ml / minute; detector, MZY 280 ° С; volume of spraying, 1 ml; detector mode, scanning of 34-700 atomic mass units; threshold 50; and speed pick-up, 22 scan / second. Comp '
Was shone on the background of mass spectra of the Wiley Library (SIIu). Only the best match was recorded. Indicatorquality (the closeness of the match to the library spectra) fluctuated in the range from 0 to 99. Recorded onlyindividual peaks with a qualitative indicator that exceeds or equal to 90.
Gaseous compounds formed in the course of thermal curing
The gaseous compounds formed in the pro-pation of thermal curing neotverdiloyi trubnoyiizolyatsiyi of Example 12 was determined as follows: approximately 0.6 g neotverdiloyi pipe insulation-style tomatoes in the test tube, which is then given sub-heating to 540 ° F (282.2 ° C) for 2.5-ling waves, and the samples were taken from space hazopodibnohoseredovyscha tube and analog-to zuvaly hazovmist by chromatography / mass spectrometry (SS / MR) under the following conditions: oven, 50 ° C for one minute - 10 ° C / min to 300 ° for 10 minutes; input of 280 ° C without splitting; column HP-5 30 mm x 0.25 mm x 0.32 μm; flow velocity in a column, 1.11 ml / minute; detector, MZY 280 ° С; Injection volume, 1 ml; Detector mode, scanning 34-700 atomic units of mass; threshold 50; and sampling rate, 22 decompression / second. Comp ' A computer search of the mass-spectrum chromatographic peak in the sample was carried out on the wave-mass spectrum of the Wiley Library (SchIiou). Register-only the best coincidence. Quality index (close coincidence to library spectra) fluctuated in the range from 0 to 99. Recorded only identitypages with a qualitative indicator that exceeded orwas equal to 90.
Table 1
Test results / evaluation of a sample of a solidified binder on the basis of triammonium citrate and dextrose<sup>3</sup>
<tr><td><p>composition of the binder:</p><p>Citram triammonium<sup>ı</sup>: dextrose, H2O<sup>with</sup></p></td><td><p>The strength of the immersion is 400 ° F (204.44 ° C)</p></td><td><p>Water color 400 ° F (204.44 ° C)</p></td><td><p>The strength of the immersion is 350 ° F (176.67 ° C)</p></td><td><p>Water color 350 ° F (176.67 ° C)</p></td><td><p>The strength of the immersion is 300 ° F (148.89 ° C)</p></td><td><p>Water color 300 ° F (148.89 ° C)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Mass coupling</p></td><td><p>Molar co-relation</p></td><td><p>Correlation</p><p>COOH: OH</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>1:24</p></td><td><p>(1:30)</p></td><td><p>0.02: 1</p></td><td><p>Dissolved</p></td><td><p>Light-</p><p>caramel</p></td><td><p>Dissolved</p></td><td><p>Light-</p><p>caramel</p></td><td><p>Dissolved</p></td><td><p>Light-</p><p>caramel</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>1:12</p></td><td><p>(1:15)</p></td><td><p>0.04: 1</p></td><td><p>Imperceptible</p></td><td><p>Prose and uncensored.</p></td><td><p>Dissolved</p></td><td><p>Karameln</p></td><td><p>Dissolved</p></td><td><p>Karameln</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>1: 8</p></td><td><p>(1:30)</p></td><td><p>0.06: 1</p></td><td><p>Imperceptible</p></td><td><p>Transparent and uncensored.</p></td><td><p>Part</p><p>dissolved</p></td><td><p>Transparent</p><p>yellow</p></td><td><p>Dissolved</p></td><td><p>Karameln</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>1: 6</p></td><td><p>(1:10)</p></td><td><p>0.08: 1</p></td><td><p>Imperceptible</p></td><td><p>Transparent and uncensored.</p></td><td><p>You smell</p></td><td><p>Transparent</p><p>yellow</p></td><td><p>Dissolved</p></td><td><p>Karameln</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>1: 5</p></td><td><p>(1: 6)</p></td><td><p>0.10: 1</p></td><td><p>Imperceptible</p></td><td><p>Transparent and uncensored.</p></td><td><p>You smell</p></td><td><p>Transparent</p><p>yellow</p></td><td><p>Dissolved</p></td><td><p>Karameln</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>1: 4<sup>is</sup></p></td><td><p>(1: 5)<sup>is</sup></p></td><td><p>0.12: 1<sup>is</sup></p></td><td><p>Imperceptible</p></td><td><p>Transparent and uncensored.</p></td><td><p>You smell</p></td><td><p>Transparent</p><p>yellow</p></td><td><p>Dissolved</p></td><td><p>Karameln</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>1: 3<sup>is</sup></p></td><td><p>(1: 4)<sup>is</sup></p></td><td><p>0.15: 1<sup>is</sup></p></td><td><p>Imperceptible</p></td><td><p>Transparent and uncensored.</p></td><td><p>You smell</p></td><td><p>Transparent</p><p>orange</p></td><td><p>Dissolved</p></td><td><p>Karameln</p></td></tr>
<sup>and</sup> From Example 1
<sup>ı</sup> Molecular weight = 243 g / mole; 25 wt % solution<sup>with</sup> Molecular weight = 198 g / mole; 25 wt % solution<sup>b</sup> About
<sup>is</sup> Associated with the smell of ammonia
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Table 2
Results of elementary analysis of samples of solidified binder on the basis of triammonium citrate and dextrose for shell frames in the function of temperature and time
<tr><td><p>Temperature</p><p>hardening</p></td><td><p>Temperature</p><p>hardening</p></td><td><p>Elementary</p><p>analysis</p></td><td><p>Results of elementary analysis</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>C: N</p></td><td><p>C: KI</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>300 ° F</p></td><td><p>1:00</p></td><td><p>Carbon</p></td><td><p>48.75%</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>(148.89 ° C)</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>Hydrogen</p></td><td><p>5.60%</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>8.70</p></td><td><p>11.89</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>Nitrogen</p></td><td><p>4.10%</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>300 ° F</p></td><td><p>1:00</p></td><td><p>Carbon</p></td><td><p>49.47%</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>(148.89 ° C)</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>Hydrogen</p></td><td><p>5.55%</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>8.91</p></td><td><p>12.00</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>Nitrogen</p></td><td><p>4.12%</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>300 ° F</p></td><td><p>1:00</p></td><td><p>Carbon</p></td><td><p>50.35%</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>(14889 ° C)</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>Hydrogen</p></td><td><p>5.41%</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>9.31</p></td><td><p>12.04</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>Nitrogen</p></td><td><p>4.18%</p></td><td><p>Moderate</p></td><td><p>8.97</p></td><td><p>11.98</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>350 ° F</p></td><td><p>0.5 hours</p></td><td><p>Carbon</p></td><td><p>52.55%</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>(176.67 ° C)</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>Hydrogen</p></td><td><p>5,20%</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>10.10</p></td><td><p>12.36</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>Nitrogen</p></td><td><p>4.25%</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>350 ° F</p></td><td><p>0.5 hours</p></td><td><p>Carbon</p></td><td><p>54.19%</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>(176.67 ° C)</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>Hydrogen</p></td><td><p>5,08%</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>10.67</p></td><td><p>12.31</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>Nitrogen</p></td><td><p>4.40%</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>350 ° F</p></td><td><p>0.5 hours</p></td><td><p>Carbon</p></td><td><p>52.86%</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>P7667 ° C)</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>Hydrogen</p></td><td><p>5.17%</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>10.22</p></td><td><p>12.47</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>Nitrogen</p></td><td><p>4.24%</p></td><td><p>Moderate</p></td><td><p>10.33</p></td><td><p>12.38</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>400 ° F</p></td><td><p>0.33 hours</p></td><td><p>Carbon</p></td><td><p>54.35%</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>(204.44 ° C)</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>Hydrogen</p></td><td><p>5,09%</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>10.68</p></td><td><p>12.21</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>Nitrogen</p></td><td><p>4.45%</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>400 ° F</p></td><td><p>0.33 hours</p></td><td><p>Carbon</p></td><td><p>55.63%</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>(204.44 ° C)</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>Hydrogen</p></td><td><p>5,06%</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>10.99</p></td><td><p>12.15</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>Nitrogen</p></td><td><p>4.58%</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>400 ° F</p></td><td><p>0.33 hours</p></td><td><p>Carbon</p></td><td><p>56.10%</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>(204.44 ° C)</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>Hydrogen</p></td><td><p>4.89%</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>11.47</p></td><td><p>12.06</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>Nitrogen</p></td><td><p>4.65%</p></td><td><p>Moderate</p></td><td><p>11.05</p></td><td><p>12.14</p></td></tr>
and
From example 4
Table 3
Sufficient rupture strength of compositions for skeletal frameworks with glass beads filler<sup>and</sup>, cooked with the use of binders on the basis of citrate triammonium and dextrose (1: 6)<sup>ı</sup>, in comparison with the standard PP-linking guideline
<tr><td><p>Description of the binder</p></td><td><p>Tensile strength Mock condition: dry condition, ratio</p></td><td><p>Average "breakdown strength in dry condition, pounds per inch</p></td><td><p>Average<sup>with</sup> breakdown strength in wet mast,</p><p>pounds per inch</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citram Triammonium Dextrose "</p></td><td><p>0.71</p></td><td><p>286</p></td><td><p>202</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citram Triammonium Dextrose "</p></td><td><p>0.76</p></td><td><p>368</p></td><td><p>281</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citram Triammonium Dextrose "</p></td><td><p>0.79</p></td><td><p>345</p></td><td><p>271</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citram Triammonium Dextrose "</p></td><td><p>0.77</p></td><td><p>333</p></td><td><p>256</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citram Triammonium Dextrose "</p></td><td><p>0.82</p></td><td><p>345</p></td><td><p>284</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citram Triammonium Dextrose "</p></td><td><p>0.75</p></td><td><p>379</p></td><td><p>286</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citram Triammonium Dextrose "</p></td><td><p>0.74</p></td><td><p>447</p></td><td><p>330</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citram Triammonium Dextrose "</p></td><td><p>0.76<sup>is</sup></p></td><td><p>358<sup>is</sup></p></td><td><p>273<sup>is</sup></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citram Triammonium Dextrose:</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>On the day of making a binder</p></td><td><p>0.79</p></td><td><p>345</p></td><td><p>271</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>A day after making the binding recho wine</p></td><td><p>0.76</p></td><td><p>352</p></td><td><p>266</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Two days after the manufacture of the binder substance</p></td><td><p>0.72</p></td><td><p>379</p></td><td><p>272</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>A week after making the binder substance</p></td><td><p>0.88</p></td><td><p>361</p></td><td><p>316</p></td></tr>
53
97093
54
Continuation of Table 3
<tr><td><p>1</p></td><td><p>2</p></td><td><p>3</p></td><td><p>4</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Two weeks after the manufacture of the connecting substance</p></td><td><p>0.82</p></td><td><p>342</p></td><td><p>280</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citrate of triammonium-dextrose with silane substitute:</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Silan ZIBOBEZT A-187 replacing</p><p>3ΙΙ ΩυΕ3ΤΑ-1101 (1: 1 by mass)</p></td><td><p>0.69</p></td><td><p>324</p></td><td><p>222</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Silan ZIBOBEZT A-187, replacing ZIBOBEZT-1101 (2: 1 by mass)</p></td><td><p>0.71</p></td><td><p>351</p></td><td><p>250</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Silan ΗΥόΡΟ3ΙΙ_ 2627, replacing ZIBOBEZT-1101 (1: 1 by mass)</p></td><td><p>0.87</p></td><td><p>337</p></td><td><p>293</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Silane ΗΥ ^ ΡΟ3I ^ 2627, replacing ZIBOBEZT-1101 (2: 1 by mass)</p></td><td><p>0.99</p></td><td><p>316</p></td><td><p>312</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Silane Z-6020 replacing ZIBOBEZT A-1101 (1: 1 by mass)</p></td><td><p>0.78</p></td><td><p>357</p></td><td><p>279</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Silane Z-6020 replacing ZIBOBEZT A-1101 (2: 1 by mass)</p></td><td><p>0.78</p></td><td><p>373</p></td><td><p>291</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Standard binder PP (JussiIiPeg)</p></td><td><p>0.79</p></td><td><p>637</p></td><td><p>505</p></td></tr>
<sup>and</sup> From Example 6
<sup>ı</sup> From Example 5
<sup>with</sup> The average of nine samples for shell frames
<sup>0</sup> One of seven different batches of binder on the basis of triammonium citrate and dextrose (1: 6), manufactured in a five-month period
<sup>is</sup> The average value of seven different batches of binder on the basis of citrate triammonium and dextrose (1: 6), vygot-translated for a five-month period
Table 4
Sufficient rupture strength of compositions for skeletal frameworks with glass beads filler<sup>and</sup>, prepared using the variants of the binder on the basis of citrate triammonium and dextrose (1: 6)<sup>ı</sup>, in comparison with the standard binding substance of PP
<tr><td><p>Description of the binder</p></td><td><p>Number of additives in 300 grams of binder, grams</p></td><td><p>Tensile strength Mock condition: Drystone,</p><p>correlation</p></td><td><p>Average<sup>0</sup> strength gap in dry state,</p><p>pounds per inch</p></td><td><p>Average<sup>0</sup> strength gap in wet-m state, pounds per inch</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citrate of triammonium-dextrose<sup>0</sup></p></td><td><p>-</p></td><td><p>0/76 °</p></td><td><p>358 °</p></td><td><p>273 °</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citram, triammonium-dextrose with added:</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>ZIiges B3 1042<sup>is</sup></p></td><td><p>1.6</p></td><td><p>0.84</p></td><td><p>381</p></td><td><p>325</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>ZIiges VZ 1042</p></td><td><p>3.2</p></td><td><p>0.94</p></td><td><p>388</p></td><td><p>363</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>ZIiges VZ 1042</p></td><td><p>4.8</p></td><td><p>1.01</p></td><td><p>358</p></td><td><p>362</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Sodium carbonate</p></td><td><p>0.45</p></td><td><p>0.88</p></td><td><p>281</p></td><td><p>248</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Sodium carbonate</p></td><td><p>0.9</p></td><td><p>0.71</p></td><td><p>339</p></td><td><p>242</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Sodium carbonate</p></td><td><p>1.35</p></td><td><p>0.89</p></td><td><p>282</p></td><td><p>251</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>ZIiges VZ 1042 + sodium carbonate</p></td><td><p>1.6 + 1.35</p></td><td><p>0.84</p></td><td><p>335</p></td><td><p>280</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>ZIiges VZ 1042 + sodium carbonate</p></td><td><p>3.2 + 0.9</p></td><td><p>0.93</p></td><td><p>299</p></td><td><p>277</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>ZIiges VZ 1042 + sodium carbonate</p></td><td><p>4.8 + 0.48</p></td><td><p>0.73</p></td><td><p>368</p></td><td><p>270</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Sodium carbonate '</p></td><td><p>0.9</p></td><td><p>0.83</p></td><td><p>211</p></td><td><p>175</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Sodium carbonate '</p></td><td><p>0.9</p></td><td><p>0.69</p></td><td><p>387</p></td><td><p>266</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Sodium carbonate</p></td><td><p>1.8</p></td><td><p>0.81</p></td><td><p>222</p></td><td><p>180</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Sodium carbonate<sup>3</sup></p></td><td><p>1.8</p></td><td><p>0.66</p></td><td><p>394</p></td><td><p>259</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>BE 46 "</p></td><td><p>6.4</p></td><td><p>0.80</p></td><td><p>309</p></td><td><p>248</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>BE 46</p></td><td><p>12.9</p></td><td><p>0.98</p></td><td><p>261</p></td><td><p>256</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>ΤΡΧ5688 / Α0υΑ-ΤΡΕΤΕ VZM40<sup>AND</sup></p></td><td><p>5.6</p></td><td><p>0.78</p></td><td><p>320</p></td><td><p>250</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>ZIiges VZ 1042</p></td><td><p>6.4</p></td><td><p>0.91</p></td><td><p>308</p></td><td><p>280</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Trimethylmethoxysilane</p></td><td><p>0.9</p></td><td><p>0.78</p></td><td><p>262</p></td><td><p>205</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Potassium permanganate</p></td><td><p>0.2</p></td><td><p>0.69</p></td><td><p>302</p></td><td><p>207</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>ΡΟΝ<sup>1</sup></p></td><td><p>9</p></td><td><p>0.82</p></td><td><p>246</p></td><td><p>201</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Cloisite NA +<sup>Κ</sup></p></td><td><p>9</p></td><td><p>0.71</p></td><td><p>280</p></td><td><p>199</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>25%</p></td><td><p>18</p></td><td><p>1.04</p></td><td><p>239</p></td><td><p>248</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>25%</p></td><td><p>18</p></td><td><p>0.90</p></td><td><p>362</p></td><td><p>326</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>B-10<sup>t</sup></p></td><td><p>9</p></td><td><p>1.00</p></td><td><p>288</p></td><td><p>288</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>MISPET 45745 PPE, 50%<sup>p</sup></p></td><td><p>9</p></td><td><p>0.81</p></td><td><p>335</p></td><td><p>270</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Bone glue solution<sup>0</sup></p></td><td><p>15</p></td><td><p>0.82</p></td><td><p>435</p></td><td><p>358</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>acid</p></td><td><p>4.5</p></td><td><p>0.79</p></td><td><p>474</p></td><td><p>375</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Glycine</p></td><td><p>4.5</p></td><td><p>0.80</p></td><td><p>346</p></td><td><p>277</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Glycerol</p></td><td><p>5.28</p></td><td><p>0.69</p></td><td><p>361</p></td><td><p>249</p></td></tr>
55
97093
56
Continuation of Table 4
<tr><td><p>1</p></td><td><p>2</p></td><td><p>3</p></td><td><p>4</p></td><td><p>5</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Decahydrate sodium tetraborate + glycerol</p></td><td><p>0.9 + 4.5</p></td><td><p>0.74</p></td><td><p>378</p></td><td><p>280</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Decahydrate Sodium tetraborate 1%</p></td><td><p>0.9</p></td><td><p>0.86</p></td><td><p>387</p></td><td><p>331</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Sodium tetraborate decahydrate 2%</p></td><td><p>1.8</p></td><td><p>0.80</p></td><td><p>335</p></td><td><p>267</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Sodium tetraborate decahydrate 3%</p></td><td><p>2.5</p></td><td><p>0.84</p></td><td><p>334</p></td><td><p>282</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Ahei ^ T-26-I P95<sup>p</sup></p></td><td><p>0.9</p></td><td><p>0.70</p></td><td><p>374</p></td><td><p>263</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>IZO SIIII Mieu<sup>4</sup> 1%</p></td><td><p>0.9</p></td><td><p>0.74</p></td><td><p>444</p></td><td><p>328</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>IZO SIIII Mieu 2%</p></td><td><p>1.8</p></td><td><p>1.01</p></td><td><p>407</p></td><td><p>412</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Sulfur IZO Siiiii Meyu 5%</p></td><td><p>4.5</p></td><td><p>ΝΟ "</p></td><td><p>473</p></td><td><p>NM<sup>5</sup></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>KesogsioI 5%</p></td><td><p>4.5</p></td><td><p>0.76</p></td><td><p>331</p></td><td><p>251</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>MacIiOi</p></td><td><p>3.23</p></td><td><p>0.82</p></td><td><p>311</p></td><td><p>256</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Standard binding agent</p><p>PP (IOIsieipeg)</p></td><td><p>-</p></td><td><p>0.79</p></td><td><p>637</p></td><td><p>505</p></td></tr>
<sup>and</sup> From Example 6
<sup>ı</sup> From Example 5
<sup>with</sup> The average of nine samples for shell frames
<sup>and</sup> The average value of seven different batches of binder on the basis of citrate triammonium and dextrose (1: 6), vygot-translated for a five-month period
<sup>is</sup> Ziigs VZ 1042 - emulsion methylhydropolisiloxane with 50% solids
'repeat sampling
<sup>3</sup> repeat sampling
"LЕ 46 is emulsion of polydimethylsiloxane with 35% of solid fractions
'ТРХ5688 / АОИЛ-ТРЕТЕ ВЗМ40 - 40% emulsija alkylsilane
<sup>1</sup> ΡΟΝ - clay type, montmorillonite, supplier ZoyFegl Siau Rogobisis
<sup>to</sup> Kloizit NА + - sodium salt of clay, supplier ZoyFegp СІау Ргобисис
<sup>1</sup> The emulsion of oxidized soya, 25% is an emulsion of soybean oil from 25% solid fraction containing dioxide of RES 400 (4% solid fractions) and guar gum (1% solid fractions)<sup>t</sup> Bentolith I_-10 - clay, supplier ZoyFegp Siau Rogobisis
<sup>p</sup> Emulsion Maset 45745 PPE, 50% low molecular weight polyethylene emulsion with 25% solids
<sup>0</sup> A solution of bone glue - a solution of 25% solid fractions
<sup>p</sup> AHEI ΙΝΤ-26-Ι.Ρ95 is a fat-based emulsion with a release device for the molded article.
<sup>4</sup> Serum from IIS on May 9,010
<sup>g</sup> Not calculated
<sup>5</sup> Did not measure
Table 5
Sufficient rupture strength of compositions for skeletal frameworks with glass beads filler<sup>and</sup>, prepared using the binder variants based on ammonium polycarboxylate and dextrose (1: 6)<sup>ı</sup>, in comparison with the binding agent on the basis of polycarboxylic acids in comparison with the standard PP binder
<tr><td><p>Description of the binder</p></td><td><p>Tensile strength Mock condition: dry condition, ratio</p></td><td><p>Average<sup>with</sup> Strength in breakdown in dry condition, pounds per inch</p></td><td><p>Average<sup>with</sup> Strength in breakdown in wet condition, pounds per inch</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citrate of Triammonium Dextrose (1: 6)<sup>and</sup></p></td><td><p>0.76<sup>and</sup></p></td><td><p>358<sup>and</sup></p></td><td><p>273<sup>and</sup></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citrate of Triammonium Dextrose (1: 5)</p></td><td><p>0.68</p></td><td><p>377</p></td><td><p>257</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>+ sodium carbonate, 0,9 g</p></td><td><p>0.71</p></td><td><p>341</p></td><td><p>243</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>+ sodium carbonate, 1.8 g</p></td><td><p>0.78</p></td><td><p>313</p></td><td><p>243</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>AOiAZET-529 + dextrose + ammonia<sup>is</sup></p></td><td><p>0.41</p></td><td><p>499</p></td><td><p>205</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>AOiAZET-529 + Dextrose + Sipan '</p></td><td><p>0.57</p></td><td><p>541</p></td><td><p>306</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>AOiAZET-529 + ammonia + silane<sup>3</sup></p></td><td><p>0.11</p></td><td><p>314</p></td><td><p>33</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>AOiAZET-529 + SILAN "</p></td><td><p>0.48</p></td><td><p>605</p></td><td><p>293</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>RETO + maleic acid + silane<sup>1</sup></p></td><td><p>0.73</p></td><td><p>654</p></td><td><p>477</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>RETO + maleic acid + MPA + silane<sup>to</sup></p></td><td><p>0.64</p></td><td><p>614</p></td><td><p>390</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>[Binding substance<sup>and</sup> + ammonia + decretter + silane</p></td><td><p>0.58</p></td><td><p>420</p></td><td><p>245</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>RETOI + citric acid + silane<sup>1</sup></p></td><td><p>0.56</p></td><td><p>539</p></td><td><p>303</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>SKETTEURY 2000 + glycerin<sup>t</sup></p></td><td><p>0.26</p></td><td><p>532</p></td><td><p>136</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>SKETTEKURI 2000 + glycerin "</p></td><td><p>0.20</p></td><td><p>472</p></td><td><p>95</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>ZOKIAI + dextrose + ammonia<sup>0</sup></p></td><td><p>0.66</p></td><td><p>664</p></td><td><p>437</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>N + 1 + dextrose + ammonia<sup>p</sup></p></td><td><p>0,50</p></td><td><p>877</p></td><td><p>443</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Standard binder PP (YuSiIPEG)</p></td><td><p>0.79</p></td><td><p>637</p></td><td><p>505</p></td></tr>
<sup>and</sup> From Example 6
<sup>ı</sup> From Example 5
<sup>with</sup> The average of nine samples for shell frames
<sup>3</sup> The average value of seven different batches of a binder on the basis of citrate triammonium and dextrose (1: 6), vigo-
Felled for a five-month period
<sup>is</sup> 200 g AOiAZET-529 + 87 g 19% ammonia + 301 g dextrose + 301 g of water, which forms a 30% solution.
57
97093
58
<sup>t</sup> 300 ml solution of binder<sup>is</sup> + 0.32 g ZIBOBEZT A-1101
<sup>d</sup> 200 g AOBIAZET-529 + 87 g 19% ammonia + 101 g of water + 0.6 g ZIBOBEZT A-1101
"AOBIA3ET-529 + ZIBOBEZT A-1101 (at 0.5% solids content of the binder), dissolved up to 30%
the content of solid fractions
'136 g of pentaerythritol + 98 g of maleic anhydride + 130 g of water was heated to reflux for 30 minutes; 232 g of the resulting solution were mixed with 170 g of water and 0.6 g of ZIBOBEZT A-1101
<sup>1</sup> 136 g of pentaerythritol + 98 g of maleic anhydride + 130 g of water + 1.5 ml of 66% p-toluenesulfonic acid was heated to reflux for 30 minutes; 232 g of the resulting solution were mixed with 170 g of water and 0.6 gZIBOiEZT A-1101
<sup>to</sup> 220 g of binder '+ 39 g 19% ammonia + 135 g dextrose + 97 g of water + 0.65 g ZIBOBEZT A-1101
<sup>1</sup> 128 g of citric acid + 45 g of pentaerythritol + 125 g were heated to reflux for 20 minutes; the resulting mixture was diluted to 30% solids and ZIBOBEZT A-1101 was added at 0.5% of tweed acid fractions
<sup>t</sup> 200 g Ketiga SIPIETIONON 2000 + 23 g glycerin + 123 g of water + 0.5 g ZIBOBEZT A-1101
<sup>p</sup> 200 g Ketiga ^^^^ 2000 + 30 g glycerin + 164 g water + 0.6 g ZIBOBEZT A-1101
<sup>0</sup> 100 g VASES WITH CROP 10 C + 57 g 19% ammonia + 198 g dextrose + 180 g water + 0.08 g ZIBOBEZT A-1101<sup>p</sup> 211 g N.V. Rhythm NP1 + 93 g 19% ammonia + 321 g dextrose + 222 g water + 1.33 g ZIBOBEZT A-1101
Table 6
Sufficient rupture strength of compositions for skeletal frameworks with glass beads filler<sup>and</sup>, prepared with the use of binder variants based on ammonium and sugar polycarboxylate<sup>ı</sup>, in comparison with the standard binding substance of PP
<tr><td><p>Description of the binder</p></td><td><p>Molar correlation</p></td><td><p>Tensile strength Mock condition: Drystone,</p><p>correlation</p></td><td><p>Average<sup>with</sup> strength gap in dry state,</p><p>pounds per inch</p></td><td><p>Average<sup>with</sup> strength gap in wet-rum condition, pounds per inch</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citrate of triammonium-dextrose<sup>WITH</sup></p></td><td><p>Dextrose = 2x UNV</p></td><td><p>0.76<sup>is</sup></p></td><td><p>358<sup>is</sup></p></td><td><p>273<sup>is</sup></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citram triammonium-JNA®</p></td><td><p>BNA = 2CHSO</p></td><td><p>1.02</p></td><td><p>130</p></td><td><p>132</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citrate of triammonium xylose</p></td><td><p>Xylose = 2x UNV</p></td><td><p>0.75</p></td><td><p>322</p></td><td><p>241</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citrate of triammonium fructose</p></td><td><p>Fructose = 2 x UNV</p></td><td><p>0.79</p></td><td><p>363</p></td><td><p>286</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Tartrate of diamonds-dextrose</p></td><td><p>Dextrose = 2x UNV</p></td><td><p>0.76</p></td><td><p>314</p></td><td><p>239</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Diyumonia-dextrose mulette</p></td><td><p>Dextrose = 2x UNV</p></td><td><p>0.78</p></td><td><p>393</p></td><td><p>308</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Maliate diamonium-dextrose</p></td><td><p>Dextrose = 2x UNV</p></td><td><p>0.67</p></td><td><p>49</p></td><td><p>280</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Diammonium Dextrose Succinate</p></td><td><p>Dextrose = 2x UNV</p></td><td><p>0.70</p></td><td><p>400</p></td><td><p>281</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Ammonium Lactate Dextrose</p></td><td><p>Dextrose = 2x UNV</p></td><td><p>0.68</p></td><td><p>257</p></td><td><p>175</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Ammonia + tannic acid-dextrose</p></td><td><p>Dextrose = 2 x NN<sub>4</sub><sup>+ η</sup></p></td><td><p>0,50</p></td><td><p>395</p></td><td><p>199</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Standard PP (Yuissiyp)</p></td><td><p>-</p></td><td><p>0.79</p></td><td><p>637</p></td><td><p>505</p></td></tr>
<sup>and</sup> From Example 6
<sup>ı</sup> From Example 5
<sup>with</sup> The average of nine samples for shell frames<sup>with</sup> The average of seven different parties<sup>is</sup> UNA - dihydroxyacetone
<sup>t</sup> Monocarboxylate
<sup>3</sup> Non-carboxylic acid
"PH> 7
Table 7
Sufficient gap strength and weight loss for burning compositions for fiberglass mats<sup>and</sup>, prepared with the use of variants of a binder on the basis of ammonium and sugar polycarboxylate (1: 6)<sup>ı</sup>, compared to standard
PP binder
<tr><td><p>Description of the binder</p></td><td><p>Average</p><p>interest</p><p>BOI</p></td><td><p>Tensile strength Mock condition: dry condition, ratio</p></td><td><p>Average<sup>with</sup> Strength in breakdown in dry condition, lb-force</p></td><td><p>Average<sup>with</sup> Strength in breakdown in wet condition, lb-force</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citrate of triammonium-Ohex<sup>WITH</sup></p></td><td><p>5.90</p></td><td><p>0.63</p></td><td><p>11.4</p></td><td><p>7.2</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citrate of triammonium-Yueh</p></td><td><p>6.69</p></td><td><p>0.72</p></td><td><p>14.6</p></td><td><p>10.5</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Maliate Diamonds-Yueh</p></td><td><p>5,02</p></td><td><p>0.86</p></td><td><p>10.2</p></td><td><p>8.8</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Maliate Diamonds-Yueh</p></td><td><p>6.36</p></td><td><p>0.78</p></td><td><p>10.6</p></td><td><p>8.3</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Diamonium succinate-Yueh</p></td><td><p>5,12</p></td><td><p>0.61</p></td><td><p>8.0</p></td><td><p>4.9</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Diamonium succinate-Yueh</p></td><td><p>4.97</p></td><td><p>0.76</p></td><td><p>7.5</p></td><td><p>5.7</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citram triammonium-Rhizus<sup>is</sup></p></td><td><p>5.80</p></td><td><p>0.57</p></td><td><p>11.9</p></td><td><p>6.8</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citram triammonium-Rhizus</p></td><td><p>5.96</p></td><td><p>0.60</p></td><td><p>11.4</p></td><td><p>6.8</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Maliat diamoniy-rgis</p></td><td><p>6.01</p></td><td><p>0.60</p></td><td><p>9.0</p></td><td><p>5.4</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Maliat diamoniy-rgis</p></td><td><p>5.74</p></td><td><p>0.71</p></td><td><p>7.9</p></td><td><p>5.6</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Diamonium-Rhiz succinate</p></td><td><p>4.60</p></td><td><p>1.05</p></td><td><p>3.7</p></td><td><p>3.9</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Diamonium-Rhiz succinate</p></td><td><p>4.13</p></td><td><p>0.79</p></td><td><p>4.4</p></td><td><p>3.5</p></td></tr>
59
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60
Continuation of Table 7
<tr><td><p>1</p></td><td><p>2</p></td><td><p>3</p></td><td><p>4</p></td><td><p>5</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citrate of triammonium-JNA '</p></td><td><p>4.45</p></td><td><p>0.96</p></td><td><p>4.7</p></td><td><p>4.5</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citrate of triammonium-JNA</p></td><td><p>4.28</p></td><td><p>0.74</p></td><td><p>5.4</p></td><td><p>4.0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citrate of triammonium-JNA-titserin<sup>d</sup></p></td><td><p>3.75</p></td><td><p>0.52</p></td><td><p>8.5</p></td><td><p>4.4</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citrate of triammonium-JNA-titserin<sup>d</sup></p></td><td><p>3.38</p></td><td><p>0.59</p></td><td><p>8.0</p></td><td><p>4.7</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citrate of triammonium-UNA-RETO</p></td><td><p>4.96</p></td><td><p>0.61</p></td><td><p>10.7</p></td><td><p>6.5</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citrate of triammonium-UNA-RETO</p></td><td><p>5.23</p></td><td><p>0.65</p></td><td><p>9.4</p></td><td><p>6.1</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citrate of triammonium- ^ Na-IVON '</p></td><td><p>5.11</p></td><td><p>0.74</p></td><td><p>15.7</p></td><td><p>11.6</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Citrate of triammonium- ^ Na-IVON '</p></td><td><p>5.23</p></td><td><p>0.85</p></td><td><p>14.9</p></td><td><p>12.6</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>The standard binder of PP (YuSiIiPEGU</p></td><td><p>7.22</p></td><td><p>0.75</p></td><td><p>15.9</p></td><td><p>12.0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>The standard binder of PP (YuSiIiPEGU</p></td><td><p>8.05</p></td><td><p>0.75</p></td><td><p>18.8</p></td><td><p>14.2</p></td></tr>
<sup>and</sup> From example 7
<sup>ı</sup> From Example 5
<sup>with</sup> The average of three fiberglass mats
<sup>d</sup> Yueh - Dextrose
<sup>is</sup> Rhizus - fructose
<sup>t</sup> UNA - dihydroxyacetone
<sup>d</sup> Glycerin, which replaces 25% of JNA by weight
"RETOI = pentaerythritol, which replaces 25% of JNA by weight
'RUN = polyvinyl alcohol (86-89% hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate, molecular weight ~ 22K-26K), replacing 20% JNA by weight
<sup>1</sup> Bonding agent for air duct lining
Test results for solidified rolled insulation from Example 8: Binding agent based on triammonium-dextrose citrate (1: 6) compared to the standard PP binder
Table 8
<tr><td><p>Trial</p></td><td><p>Cured roll insula-tion on the basis of melanodium and fiberglass "ZVYAZUU-CHA RECTIFY"</p></td><td><p>Solidified roll insulation on the basis of binding substance RP "STANDARD"</p></td><td><p>Percentage of "SOUND-SOFTWARE" from "STANDARD"</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>G uin</p></td><td><p>0.65</p></td><td><p>0.67</p></td><td><p>97%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Loss of weight for calcining,%</p></td><td><p>13.24%</p></td><td><p>10.32%</p></td><td><p>128%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Restoration of thickness, method K-123, inches</p></td><td><p>1.46</p></td><td><p>1.59</p></td><td><p>92%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Restoration of thickness, method K-128, inches</p></td><td><p>1.55</p></td><td><p>1.64</p></td><td><p>94%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Dust, mg</p></td><td><p>8.93</p></td><td><p>8.80</p></td><td><p>102%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Tensile strength, psi / inch width</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>In the longitudinal direction</p></td><td><p>2.77</p></td><td><p>3.81</p></td><td><p>73%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>In the transverse direction</p></td><td><p>1.93</p></td><td><p>2.33</p></td><td><p>83%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Averaged</p></td><td><p>2.35</p></td><td><p>3.07</p></td><td><p>76%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Strength of splitting, g / g</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>In the longitudinal direction</p></td><td><p>439.22</p></td><td><p>511.92</p></td><td><p>86%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>In the transverse direction</p></td><td><p>315.95</p></td><td><p>468.99</p></td><td><p>67%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Averaged</p></td><td><p>377.59</p></td><td><p>490.46</p></td><td><p>77%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Clutch strength, pound / square. foot</p></td><td><p>11.58</p></td><td><p>14.23</p></td><td><p>81%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Water absorption, mass %</p></td><td><p>1.24%</p></td><td><p>1.06%</p></td><td><p>116%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Characteristics of the surface in high temperatures</p></td><td><p>Accepted</p></td><td><p>Accepted</p></td><td><p>-</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Isolation from the product for 96 hours</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>UOC, total, μg / m<sup>3</sup></p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>6</p></td><td><p>0%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>NSNO, total, parts per million</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>56</p></td><td><p>0%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Aldehydes, total, parts per million</p></td><td><p>6</p></td><td><p>56</p></td><td><p>11%</p></td></tr>
61
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62
Table 9
Smoke formation during firing for solidified rolled insulation from Example 8: binder on the basis of triammonium-dextrose citrate (1: 6) as compared to the standard PP binder
<tr><td><p></p></td><td><p>Average ZEL<sup>and</sup></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>External heat flux</p></td><td><p>Solid roll insulation</p></td><td><p>Solid roll insulation</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>on the basis of melanoidin and fiberglass</p></td><td><p>on the basis of PP binder</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>35 kW / m<sup>2</sup></p></td><td><p>2,396 m<sup>2</sup>/ kg</p></td><td><p>4,923 m<sup>2</sup>/ kg</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>35 kW / m<sup>2</sup></p></td><td><p>1,496 m<sup>2</sup>/ kg</p></td><td><p>11,488 m<sup>2</sup>/ kg</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>35 kW / m<sup>2</sup></p></td><td><p>3,738 m<sup>2</sup>/ kg</p></td><td><p>6,848 m<sup>2</sup>/ kg</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p>Total averaged = 2.294 m<sup>2</sup>/ kg</p></td><td><p>Total averaged = 7,756 m<sup>2</sup>/ kg</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>50 kw / m<sup>2</sup></p></td><td><p>2,079 m<sup>2</sup>/ kg</p></td><td><p>7,305 m<sup>2</sup>/ kg</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>50 kw / m<sup>2</sup></p></td><td><p>3,336 m<sup>2</sup>/ kg</p></td><td><p>6,476 m<sup>2</sup>/ kg</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>50 kw / m<sup>2</sup></p></td><td><p>1,467 m<sup>2</sup>/ kg</p></td><td><p>1,156 m<sup>2</sup>/ kg</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p>Total averaged = 2.294 m<sup>2</sup>/ kg</p></td><td><p>Total Averaged = 4.979 m<sup>2</sup>/ kg</p></td></tr>
Table 10
<sup>and</sup> SEA - specific area
Test results for the duct panel of Example 9: triammonium-dextrose citrate (1: 6) binder versus the standard PP binder
<tr><td><p>Trial</p></td><td><p>Air duct panel on the basis of melanoid yarn fiber "CONNECTED-SOFT TEXTURE"</p></td><td><p>Air duct panel on the basis of a coupling substance RP "STANDARD"</p></td><td><p>Percentage of "SOUND-SOFTWARE" from "STANDARD"</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>G uin</p></td><td><p>4.72</p></td><td><p>4.66</p></td><td><p>101%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Loss of weight for calcining,%</p></td><td><p>18.5%</p></td><td><p>16.8%</p></td><td><p>110%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Rigidity bending, pound sq. inch / inch wide</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>In the longitudinal direction</p></td><td><p>724</p></td><td><p>837</p></td><td><p>86%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>In the transverse direction</p></td><td><p>550</p></td><td><p>544</p></td><td><p>101%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Averaged</p></td><td><p>637</p></td><td><p>691</p></td><td><p>92%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Resistance to compression, pound / square. inch at 10%</p></td><td><p>0.67</p></td><td><p>0.73</p></td><td><p>92%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Resistance to compression, pound / square. inch at 20%</p></td><td><p>1.34</p></td><td><p>1.34</p></td><td><p>100%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Resistance to compression after shutting down, pound / square. inch at 10%</p></td><td><p>0.719</p></td><td><p>0.661</p></td><td><p>109%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Resistance to compression after shutting down, pound / square. inch at 20%</p></td><td><p>1.31</p></td><td><p>1.24</p></td><td><p>106%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Compression module, pound / sq. inch</p></td><td><p>6.85</p></td><td><p>7.02</p></td><td><p>97%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>After compression compression module, pound / square. inch</p></td><td><p>6.57</p></td><td><p>6.44</p></td><td><p>102%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Isolation from the product for 96 hours</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>UOC, total, μg / m<sup>3</sup></p></td><td><p>40</p></td><td><p>39</p></td><td><p>102%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>NSNO, total, parts per million</p></td><td><p>0.007</p></td><td><p>0.043</p></td><td><p>16%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Aldehydes, total, parts per million</p></td><td><p>0.007</p></td><td><p>0.043</p></td><td><p>16%</p></td></tr>
63
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Table 11
Test results for household roulette insulation R30 from example 10: binder substance based on triammonium-dextrose citrate (1: 6) compared to the standard PP binder
<tr><td><p>Trial</p></td><td><p>Linking re-chowin<sup>3</sup>,%</p></td><td><p>Linking re-chowin<sup>3</sup>,%</p></td><td><p>Linking rechovina ^%</p></td><td><p>Connecting</p><p>substance,</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>from the standard</p></td><td><p>from the standard</p></td><td><p>from the standard</p></td><td><p>standard</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Restoration of thickness, method K-123, inches</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>1 week</p></td><td><p>10.05 (97%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>6 weeks</p></td><td><p>7.17 (91%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Restoration of thickness, method K-128, inches</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>1 week</p></td><td><p>11.06 (101%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>6 weeks</p></td><td><p>9.07 (101%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Strength of splitting, g / g</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>In the longitudinal direction</p></td><td><p>214.62 (78%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>In the transverse direction</p></td><td><p>219.23 (75%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Averaged</p></td><td><p>216.93 (77%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Duration of fracture toughness, g / g</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>In the longitudinal direction</p></td><td><p>214.62 (84%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>In the transverse direction</p></td><td><p>219.23 (87%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Averaged</p></td><td><p>216.93 (96%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Clutch strength, pound / square. foot</p></td><td><p>1.86 (84%)</p></td><td><p>Nm<sup>6</sup></p></td><td><p>Nm</p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Dust, mg</p></td><td><p>0.0113 (79%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td><td><p>10.36 (99%)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Surface features in</p></td><td><p>Accepted</p></td><td><p>Accepted</p></td><td><p>Accepted</p></td><td><p>Accepted</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>high temperature conditions</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Corrosive action, steel, accepted / not accepted</p></td><td><p>Accepted</p></td><td><p>Accepted</p></td><td><p>Accepted</p></td><td><p></p></td></tr>
<sup>and</sup> Melanoyidine-based binding agent; Nominal mode of the machine, set to 5% losscosts for calcining
<sup>3</sup> Melanoyidine-based binding agent; Adjusted machine mode, set to 6.3% weight loss on calcining
<sup>with</sup> Melanoyidine-based binding agent; adjusted car mode, set to 6.6% weight loss for calcining<sup>b</sup> Not measured
Table 12
Test results for household roll insulation P19 of Example 11 (batch A-1): binding agents on the basis of citrate triammonium-dextrose (1: 6) compared to the standard PP binder
<tr><td><p>Trial</p></td><td><p>Household roll insula tion-P19 on the basis of melano-eiden and fiberglass "CONNECTING MATERIAL"</p></td><td><p>Household roll insulations R19 on the base of the connecting rechovyny PP "STAN-DART"</p></td><td><p>Percentage "SOUND-</p><p>REMOVING RE-CHOVINES "from" STANDARD "</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Restoration of thickness, method K-123, inches</p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>1 week</p></td><td><p>6.02</p></td><td><p>6.05</p></td><td><p>99%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>5 weeks</p></td><td><p>6.15</p></td><td><p>6.67</p></td><td><p>92%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>6 weeks</p></td><td><p>4.97</p></td><td><p>5.14</p></td><td><p>97%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>3 months</p></td><td><p>6.63</p></td><td><p>6.20</p></td><td><p>107%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Restoration of thickness, method K-123, inches</p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>1 week</p></td><td><p>6.79</p></td><td><p>Γ 6.69</p></td><td><p>101%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>5 weeks</p></td><td><p>6.92</p></td><td><p>7.11</p></td><td><p>97%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>6 weeks</p></td><td><p>5.83</p></td><td><p>6.07</p></td><td><p>96%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>3 months</p></td><td><p>7.27</p></td><td><p>6.79</p></td><td><p>107%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Dust, mg</p></td><td><p>2.88</p></td><td><p>8.03</p></td><td><p>36%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Tensile strength, psi / inch width</p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>In the longitudinal direction</p></td><td><p>2.42</p></td><td><p>3.47</p></td><td><p>70%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>In the transverse direction</p></td><td><p>2.00</p></td><td><p>3,03</p></td><td><p>66%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Averaged</p></td><td><p>2.21</p></td><td><p>3.25</p></td><td><p>68%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td></tr>
65
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66
Continuation of Table 12
<tr><td><p>1</p></td><td><p>2</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Strength of splitting, g / g</p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>In the longitudinal direction</p></td><td><p>128.18</p></td><td><p>173.98</p></td><td><p>74%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>In the transverse direction</p></td><td><p>118.75</p></td><td><p>159.42</p></td><td><p>74%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Averaged</p></td><td><p>123.47</p></td><td><p>166.70</p></td><td><p>74%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Duration of fracture toughness, g / g</p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>In the longitudinal direction</p></td><td><p>143.69</p></td><td><p>161.73</p></td><td><p>89%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>In the transverse direction</p></td><td><p>127,30</p></td><td><p>149.20</p></td><td><p>85%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Averaged</p></td><td><p>135.50</p></td><td><p>155.47</p></td><td><p>87%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Clutch strength, pound / square. foot</p></td><td><p>1.97</p></td><td><p>2.37</p></td><td><p>83%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Water absorption,%</p></td><td><p>7.1</p></td><td><p>7.21</p></td><td><p>98%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Characteristics of the surface in high temperatures</p></td><td><p>Accepted</p></td><td><p>Accepted</p></td><td><p>-</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Corrosion</p></td><td><p>Accepted</p></td><td><p>Accepted</p></td><td><p>-</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Density / stiffness</p></td><td><p>49.31</p></td><td><p>44.94</p></td><td><p>110%</p></td></tr>
Test results for household roll insulation P19 from Example 11: variants of a binder on the basis of triammonium-dextrose citrate (1: 6) compared to the standard PTP binder
Table 13
<tr><td><p>Trial</p></td><td><p>Linking Wine Wine Party A-2<sup>and</sup>,% of the standard-value</p></td><td><p>Linking Wrath Wine Party B<sup>and</sup>,% of the standard</p></td><td><p>Linking Wright Wine Party S.<sup>and</sup>,% of the standard</p></td><td><p>Linking Wright Wine Party Yu<sup>and</sup>,% of the standard</p></td><td><p>Connecting</p><p>substance,</p><p>standard</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Restoration of thickness</p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>method K-123, inches</p></td><td><p>5.94</p></td><td><p>(99%)</p></td><td><p>5.86</p></td><td><p>(98%)</p></td><td><p>6.09</p></td><td><p>(101%)</p></td><td><p>6.25</p></td><td><p>(104%)</p></td><td><p>6.01</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p>4.86</p></td><td><p>(91%)</p></td><td><p>5.29</p></td><td><p>(99%)</p></td><td><p>5.0</p></td><td><p>(93%)</p></td><td><p>5.10</p></td><td><p>(95%)</p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Restoration of thickness</p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>method K-128, inches</p></td><td><p>6.83</p></td><td><p>(105%)</p></td><td><p>6,7025</p></td><td><p>(103%)</p></td><td><p>6.81</p></td><td><p>(104%)</p></td><td><p>6.88</p></td><td><p>(105%)</p></td><td><p>6.00</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p>5.76</p></td><td><p>(96%)</p></td><td><p>6.02</p></td><td><p>(100%)</p></td><td><p>5.89</p></td><td><p>(98%)</p></td><td><p>6.00</p></td><td><p>(100%)</p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Tensile strength, pound /</p></td><td><p>inch</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>In the longitudinal direction</p></td><td><p>1.28</p></td><td><p>(36%)</p></td><td><p>1.40</p></td><td><p>(39%)</p></td><td><p>1.71</p></td><td><p>(48%)</p></td><td><p>1.55</p></td><td><p>(43%)</p></td><td><p>3.58</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>In the transverse direction</p></td><td><p>1.65</p></td><td><p>(71%)</p></td><td><p>1.21</p></td><td><p>(52%)</p></td><td><p>1.12</p></td><td><p>(48%)</p></td><td><p>1.12</p></td><td><p>(48%)</p></td><td><p>2.31</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Averaged</p></td><td><p>1.47</p></td><td><p>(50%)</p></td><td><p>1.31</p></td><td><p>(44%)</p></td><td><p>1.42</p></td><td><p>(48%)</p></td><td><p>1.34</p></td><td><p>(45%)</p></td><td><p>2.95</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Strength of splitting, g / g</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>In the longitudinal direction</p></td><td><p>111.82</p></td><td><p>(42%)</p></td><td><p>164.73</p></td><td><p>(62%)</p></td><td><p>136.00</p></td><td><p>(51%)</p></td><td><p>164.56</p></td><td><p>(62%)</p></td><td><p>264.81</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>In the transverse direction</p></td><td><p>140,11</p></td><td><p>(85%)</p></td><td><p>127.93</p></td><td><p>(78%)</p></td><td><p>126.46</p></td><td><p>(77%)</p></td><td><p>108.44</p></td><td><p>(66%)</p></td><td><p>164.60</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Averaged</p></td><td><p>125.97</p></td><td><p>(59%)</p></td><td><p>146.33</p></td><td><p>(68%)</p></td><td><p>131.23</p></td><td><p>(61%)</p></td><td><p>136,50</p></td><td><p>(64%)</p></td><td><p>314.71</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p>Durability on</p></td><td><p>splitting</p></td><td><p>g / y</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>In the longitudinal direction</p></td><td><p>138.55</p></td><td><p>(72%)</p></td><td><p>745.62</p></td><td><p>(76%)</p></td><td><p>113.37</p></td><td><p>(59%)</p></td><td><p>176.63</p></td><td><p>(92%)</p></td><td><p>191.20</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>In the transverse direction</p></td><td><p>158.17</p></td><td><p>(104%)</p></td><td><p>116.44</p></td><td><p>(77%)</p></td><td><p>97.10</p></td><td><p>(64%)</p></td><td><p>162.81</p></td><td><p>(107%)</p></td><td><p>151.49</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Averaged</p></td><td><p>148.36</p></td><td><p>(86%)</p></td><td><p>131.03</p></td><td><p>(76%)</p></td><td><p>105.24</p></td><td><p>(61%)</p></td><td><p>169.72</p></td><td><p>(99%)</p></td><td><p>171.35</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Clutch strength, pound / square. foot</p></td><td><p>1.30</p></td><td><p>(52%)</p></td><td><p>1.50</p></td><td><p>(60%)</p></td><td><p>1.60</p></td><td><p>(64%)</p></td><td><p>1.60</p></td><td><p>(64%)</p></td><td><p>2.50</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Dust, mg</p></td><td><p>0.0038</p></td><td><p>(86%)</p></td><td><p>0.0079</p></td><td><p>(179%)</p></td><td><p>0.0053</p></td><td><p>(120%)</p></td><td><p>0.0056</p></td><td><p>(126%)</p></td><td><p>0.0044</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Density / stiffness, degrees</p></td><td><p>57.50</p></td><td><p>(N / A)</p></td><td><p>55.50</p></td><td><p>(N / A)</p></td><td><p>61.44</p></td><td><p>(N / A)</p></td><td><p>59.06</p></td><td><p>(N / A)</p></td><td><p>39.38</p></td></tr>
and
Melanoid-based binding agent
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Table 14
SS / MZ analysis of gaseous compounds generated during pyrolysis of hardened roll insulations (from example 8) prepared using a binder on the basis of ammonium citrate and dextrose (1: 6)
<tr><td><p>Timeout, minutes</p></td><td><p>Pre-identification</p></td><td><p>Area of peaks,%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>1.15</p></td><td><p>2-cyclopenten-1-one</p></td><td><p>10.67</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>1.34</p></td><td><p>2,5-dimethylfuran</p></td><td><p>5.84</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>3.54</p></td><td><p>furan</p></td><td><p>2.15</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>3.60</p></td><td><p>3-methyl-2,5-furanedione</p></td><td><p>3.93</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>4.07</p></td><td><p>phenol</p></td><td><p>0.38</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>4.89</p></td><td><p>2,3-dimethyl-2-cyclopenten-1-one</p></td><td><p>1.24</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>5.11</p></td><td><p>2-methylphenol</p></td><td><p>1.19</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>5.42</p></td><td><p>4-methylphenol</p></td><td><p>2.17</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>6.46</p></td><td><p>2,4-dimethylphenol</p></td><td><p>1.13</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>10.57</p></td><td><p>dimethyl phthalate</p></td><td><p>0.97</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>17.89</p></td><td><p>octadecanoic acid</p></td><td><p>1.00</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>22.75</p></td><td><p>erucylamide</p></td><td><p>9.72</p></td></tr>
Table 15
SS / MZ analyzes from gaseous compounds generated during thermal curing of non-solidified pipe insulation (from Example 12) prepared using a binder on the basis of ammonium citrate and dextrose (1: 6)
<tr><td><p>Timeout, minutes</p></td><td><p>Identification</p></td><td><p>Area of peaks,%</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>1.33</p></td><td><p>2,5-dimethylfuran</p></td><td><p>1.02</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>2.25</p></td><td><p>furfural or 3-furaldehyde</p></td><td><p>2.61</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>2.48</p></td><td><p>2-furanmethanol or 3-furanmethanol</p></td><td><p>1.08</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>3.13</p></td><td><p>1- (2-furanyl) ethanone</p></td><td><p>0.52</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>3.55</p></td><td><p>furan</p></td><td><p>4.92</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>3.62</p></td><td><p>2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde</p></td><td><p>0.47</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>3.81</p></td><td><p>5-methylfurfural</p></td><td><p>3.01</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>3.99</p></td><td><p>furancarboxylic acid, methyl ether</p></td><td><p>0.34</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>4.88</p></td><td><p>3,4-dimethyl-2,5-furanedione</p></td><td><p>0.53</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>5.41</p></td><td><p>2-furancarboxylic acid</p></td><td><p>1.01</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>6.37</p></td><td><p>2-amino-6-hydroxymethylpyridine</p></td><td><p>1.08</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>6.67</p></td><td><p>6-methyl-3-pyridinyl</p></td><td><p>0.49</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>7.59</p></td><td><p>2-furan-carboxaldehyde</p></td><td><p>0.47</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>7.98</p></td><td><p>picolinamide</p></td><td><p>0.24</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>10.34</p></td><td><p>2H-1-benzopyran-2-one</p></td><td><p>0.23</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>16.03</p></td><td><p>hexadecanoic acid</p></td><td><p>0.21</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>17.90</p></td><td><p>octadecanoic acid</p></td><td><p>2.97</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>22.74</p></td><td><p>erucylamide</p></td><td><p>10.02</p></td></tr>
In spite of the fact that the above-described and / or illustrated illustrations only provide some aspects of the implementation of the present invention, it is anticipated that substantial amounts of it may be made
changes and modifications. Accordingly, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above and / or presented in the form of an illustration.
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+ ггл "This combination
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Oenovd schiffaschroxymethylfurfurrap (HrM) or furfural
+ aminode
compound
FIG. 2
Products of division (ZCOTOL.diatsettsy, pyurvaldepd and gd)
100
% transparency
80
+ AM is new
spelled out
N-emmission of glycoaupemia
Alkalous sugar
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The product of Amador's rearrangement (ΑΕΡΙ
1-m foreign-dezvexis-2-kegis
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ALDEOPY N-NON-MORE Polymers
ALDEILINI and KET them
2 H '' H + 2 H
And yes
DsDIDROREDUCTIONS
NS or furfural
minute
compound
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+ laminate to the one
Aldehydes
<tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>i'Ah.g-</p></td><td><p>-You</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>/ k</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>to</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>, 1<sup>4</sup></p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr>
4398 4028 3658 3288 2918 2548 2178 1808 1438 1068 698
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Temperature Τ
Time (s)
1438 1068 698
Time (s)
FIG. 4
1200
FIG. 5
X transparency
2918 2548 2178
3288
1808
needles
20,000
500
t & mp & rata
20,000
♦ Hot surface ■ Hot surface Hot surface Hot surface
"The sample is 4.0 inches. Sample - 3.5 inches + Sample - 3.0 inches. Sample - 2.5 inches - Sample - 2.0 inches
• Sample - the surface
♦ Hot surface ■ Hot surface ■ Hot surfaces Hot surface
* Sample-4.0 inches
• Sample - 3.5 inches + sample-3.0 inches
- Sample - 2.5 inches
- Sample 2.0 inches
• Sample - the surface
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In the description of the patent for the invention, graphic images and text are submitted to the editor of the applicant. Computerized layout of O. Gaponenko. Circular 23 copies.
State Service of Intellectual Property of Ukraine, st. Uritskogo, 45, Kyiv, SME, 03680, Ukraine
State Enterprise "Ukrainian Institute of Industrial Property", st. Glazunova, 1, Kyiv - 42, 01601
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| ES2732298T3 | Spain | T3 | |
| BRPI0614664B1 | Brazil | B1 | |
| SI2574639T1 | Slovenia | T1 |
Numbers
- Publication
- 00097093
- Publication, DOCDB
- 97093
- Publication, EPODOC
- UA97093
- Application
- 200802284
- Application, DOCDB
- 200802284
- Application, EPODOC
- UA20080002284
Titles3
- Ukrainian
- МАТЕРІАЛ, ЯКИЙ МІСТИТЬ СУКУПНІСТЬ МАТЕРІАЛЬНИХ ОБ'ЄКТІВ І ЗВ'ЯЗУЮЧУ РЕЧОВИНУ
- English
- MATERIAL COMPRISING A COLLECTION OF MATTER AND A BINDER
- Russian
- МАТЕРИАЛ, КОТОРЫЙ СОДЕРЖИТ СОВОКУПНОСТЬ МАТЕРИАЛЬНЫХ ОБЪЕКТОВ И СВЯЗУЮЩЕЕ ВЕЩЕСТВО
Classification
- CPC, 3
- C09J105/00
- C08B37/0009
- C08L5/00
- IPC, 3
- C08L5 00
- C08L3 00
- C03C25 32
