Process for making fiber reinforced cementitious panels

UKRAINE _{(19) and A (11)} 100726 (13) C2

(51) IPC (2013.01)

B32B 1 / 00B32B 13 / 00S04B 14 / 00S04B 11/30 (2006.01)

STATE SERVICE BANITELECTUAL PROPERTY IN UKRAINE

(12) DESCRIPTION TO THE INVENTORY PATENT

(21) Application number: a 2010 11349

(22) Date of application: 27.02.2009

(24) Date from which the law of 25.01.2013 is in force:

(31) The number of the previous 61 / 033,240submission according to

Paris Convention:

(32) Date of submission 03.03.2008

previous application

in accordance with the Paris Convention:

(33) Code of the State party υδ of the Paris Convention,

to which a previous application has been filed:

(41) Publication of information 10.02.2011, Bulletin No. 3 on the application:

(46) Publication of information dated 25.01.2013, Bulletin No. 2 on the issuance of a patent:

(86) Number and date of PCT / i82009 / 035433,

international representation _02/27/2009application filed

in accordance with the PCT Agreement

(72) The inventor (s):

Frank William A. (υδ),

DuBei Ashish (CA / υδ)

(73) Owner (s):

UNAUTHER STEIGHT JIXUM COMPANY

550 Mesi ASATZ Siegei, SIISado, II_60661-3676, ipIièS Ziayes oi Ategis (iZ)

(74) Representative:

Kobzaruk Konstantin Stepanovich

(56) List of documents taken into account by the expert examination: iA 48418 A, 15.08.2002.gr 2007240621 A, 18.10.2007vδ 2006178455 A1, 10.08.2006vδ 2007256379 A1.08.11.2007

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(54) METHOD OF MANUFACTURE OF BROWN PAPER BASED ON THE CEMENT

(57) Summary:

A method of manufacturing fiber-reinforced cement product, such as a panel that is tight to a composite with ultra-high compressive strength for use in the manufacture of panels with ballistic and explosion-proof properties. The panel has a continuous phase obtained as a result of cooling the water mixture, in the absence of quartz flour, in which the mixture includes inorganic cement binder, inorganic mineral filler with a particle size of about 150-450 microns, pozzolana mineral filler and self-replicating self-leveling agent based on polycarboxylate and water. The mixture may also include an alkanolamine and an acid or acid salt. The continuous phase can be reinforced fibers, distributed in the continuous phase before standing to form the panel. The panel can be reinforced with reinforced fiber coating,

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CROSS REFERENCE FOR APPLICATION

[001] This patent application claims the priority of the prior application of U.S. Patent No. 61/033240 filed March 3, 2008 incorporated herein by reference, and is associated with:

[002] earlier application US patent number 61/033212, entitled "TSEMENTNAKOMPOZYTSIYA, self-leveling, controlled SHVYDKISTYUNAROSTANNYA strength and ultra high strength in compression after hardening IVYROBY made of it", filed March 3, 2008 .;

[003] U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 61 / 033,258, entitled "CEMENT BASED SYSTEMS", filed March 3, 2008;

[004] U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 61/033264, entitled "BATTERY BARRIER PANELS", March 3, 2008;

[005] U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 61/033061, entitled "MECHANICAL SYSTEM OF ELEMENTS FOR PHYSICAL PROTECTION", filed March 3, 2008;

[006] U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 61/033059 entitled "MICROWAVE FRAME FOR FACILITATION OF PANELS FOR PHYSICAL PROTECTION", filed March 3, 2008.

INVESTMENT REPORT FUNDED BY THE FEDERAL BUDGET

[007] The research work described in this document was supported by agreement on joint research and development work No. SROAA-05-SZ-04 between the Engineering-Geological Laboratory of Structures, the Center for Engineering Research and Development, the engineering corps of the US Army and the company Ipiive Ziayes Surzit of the Comprehensive.

[008] All are fully incorporated herein by reference.

FIELD OF INVENTIONS

[009] The present invention generally relates to a technological linear process for the production of an improved armored panel on the basis of cement, which has an exceptional stability of additive and explosive loads, with a unique fiber reinforced cement composition with a controlled strength increase and coating-reinforcement with high operational characteristics, attached, at least to one surface of the panel with a cement core.

[0010] A cement core made of inorganic cement binder, usually hydraulic cement, such as portland cement, inorganic mineral filler, preferably quartz sand with an average particle size of 150-450 microns and a weight ratio of 0.80-1.50: 1 to cement binder pozzolan microfiller, predominantly silica dust with an average particle size of about 0.1 micron; 0.75 to 2.5 wt.% Of the total weight of the composition of a self-leveling organic chemical based on polycarboxylated chemistry, preferably polycarboxylated polyester, (superplasticizer), additional additives that provide the alkanolamine and acidity or acidic salt, fiber, and water flow.

[0011] A mixture for forming a cement core is such that it is self-aligned with mixing and has a significant increase in durability at toughening. The cement core does not include quartz powder, which, as it has been established, forms a composition of a cement core, which has a dense consistency to form a usable core panel with the help of traditional production equipment.

[0012] The composition of the cement core is used in combination with a reinforced fiber coating material, which is used to laminate at least one surface of the cement core of the panel. For the lamination of the core of the cement armor can be used a lot of coatings. However, laminates with fiber reinforced polymer (PPP) arepreferred coatings. Fiber-reinforced resin is a particularly preferred PPP. Covering (5) is applied to the core (C) as a laminate with a design of the Armed Forces, the PZZ or the LSPA.

[0013] Panels made with an improved cement composition have a high strength to withstand explosions and ballistic shocks, with or without steel fibers or steel reinforcements.

BACKGROUND

Fiber-reinforced cement compositions containing hydraulic cement, inorganic mineral fillers and pozzolans, as well as chemical impurities, such as plasticizers and water dispersants, were used in the construction industry to create external and internal walls of residential and / or commercial structures. However, the disadvantage of such traditional panels is that they do not have sufficient compressive strength to provide a highpassistance of ballistic and explosive loads.

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[0015] Modern practice of producing high-strength cement compositions to achieve high strength of the material relies on effective sealing of particles and extremely low water dispensing. Because of the raw material used to obtain dense packing of particles, and extremely low water use in these compositions, cement mixtures have extremely solid rheological properties with a dough-like consistency in the mixed state. Solid consistency makes these mixtures extremely uncomfortable for making and extremely difficult to handle in traditional manufacturing processes for the manufacture of thinproducts based on cement and composite materials.

[0016] U.S. Patent No. 4158082 A, BeiOiOSTZA, discloses a layered structure based on cement coated with fiberglass, which is shock-resistant and can use porcelain cement.

[0017] U.S. Patent No. 4,948,429 A, Agiaie, discloses a cement composition containing porcelain cement, sand, silica dust and polyester.

U.S. Patent No. 4,908,892, MIiAg ea., Incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, discloses apparatus for the production of a concrete panel with a lightweight cement core, which includes portland cement, and facing from a fiberglass cloth, which, by means of an adhesive, is attached to the surfaces of the cement core.

US Patent No. 4434119, Teaghe, discloses the application of two layers of the canvas to the cement panel, and then the thin layer of liquid cement paste is then applied to the top of the panel, before aligning the surface. Teaghe applies a paper coating layer of the cementitious panel between adjacent panels during hardening, and then this paper layer is removed to obtain a final cement panel.

U.S. Patent No. 5,997,730, Apdeizgag, discloses TEA and tartaric acid.

115 6176920, MigrIu, discloses a method of creating a cement multilayer panel using a smoothing, shear and leveling process.

[0022] U.S. Patent No. 6119422 B1, CEAAG, discloses a shock-resistant cement construction panel with a durable construction, with an outer lining of fiberglass reinforcing mesh, wherein the composite cement panel has an aggregate core with internal and external laminates of the glass fiber mesh.

US Patent No. 6,309,457 B1 Seegelia ea., Discloses a cement-containing composition whichcomparises, including portland cement, quartz sand with a maximum size of 10 mm or 0-5 mm, or a mixture of 0-0.4 mm to 0-5 mm in size , small mineral fillers such as ash dust or quartz flour having dimensions of less than 200 microns, preferably less than 100 microns; a first plasticizer which is soluble in water or dispersed in a water-organic compound containing at least one aminode (alkenphosphine) group and the second is soluble in water or dispersed in water of a plasticizer polycarboxylic acid type and comprising polyester chains. Example 1 shows the strength at compression of 32 MPa (about 4600 psi (pounds per square inch)) after 28 days.

US Patent No. 6437027, Isotype EA, discloses a cement composition containing portable cement, quartz sand less than 5 mm in size, and a polycarboxylate polyester in the range of 0.01 to 2.5 wt%. %

US Patent No. 6849118 B2, Keggag et al., Discloses a cement composition containing portland cement, quartz sand of 0 to 6 mm in size, and a polycarboxylate (AIZUA® plasticizer).

U.S. Patent No. 6858074 B2, Apggzop et al., Discloses a cement composition comprising Portland cement, quartz sand, silica dust, a catalyst, a moderator, and a wide range of polycarboxylate dispersant, which reduces the water content.

U.S. Patent No. 6,620,487, Topup et al., Describing which link is entirely incorporated herein, discloses a reinforced, lightweight, stable, structural cement panel (5SR's or 5SR panels) that, when mounted on a frame, is able to withstand shifts For forces equal to or exceeding shifts, provided with plywood or oriented shaving panels. The panels use a core from a continuous phase, which is formed in the result of the solidification of a water mixture of alpha-semi-hydrated calcium sulfate, hydraulic cement, active pozzolan substance and lime, while the continuous phase is reinforced with glass fiber resistant to alkali and contains ceramic microspheres or a mixture of ceramic and polymeric microspheres, or is formed from water mixtures with a weight ratio of water of a reactive powder from 0,6: 1 to 0,7: 1 or a combination thereof. At least,

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is made at a ratio of water and reactive powders, which provides an effect similar to the influence of polymer spheres, or from their combination.

U.S. Patent No. 6875801 B2, CIEPBU EA., Discloses a cement composition containing portland cement, sand, silica dust and polycarboxylate in an amount of 0-2 wt. %

U.S. Patent No. 6942727 B2, 0A2C04, discloses a rapidly hardening cement component comprising Portland cement, a fine filler such as quartz sand, and a finely divided material is a material that almost completely passes through a sieve number 4, a coarse aggregate filler, such as like sand, and coarse filler - arematerials, which are mainly delayed on the sieve number 4; silica dust puzolan, 0,025-0,7% polycarboxylate dispersant in terms of dry weight of cement, and constructive synthetic fibers. This cement component can be used to produce wall panels. The cement component may show a 24-hour compressive strength of more than 10,000 psi, however, these compositions do not contain pozzolan.

[0030] US Patent Application Publication No. 2002/0004559, Nigeria, opens cement composition containing Portland cement, sand, silica dust and polyester in excess of 0.5 wt%. %, for example, 2 weights. %

[0031] US Patent Application Publication No. 2004/0149174, Raggipidopia, discloses a cement composition containing Portland cement, sands, silica dust and a polycarboxylate in the range of 0.01 to 0.2 weight percent. %

[0032] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2004/0198873, Vigo EAI, discloses a cement composition containing Portland cement, quartz sand, silica dust and polycarboxylate in amounts of 0.02-2 wt. %

Publication of the United States Patent Application Ser. No. 2004/0211342, Zgorozyi EA, discloses a cement composition containing Portland cement, quartz sand, silica dust and polycarboxylate in an amount of 0.1-2 wt. %

[0034] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2004/0231567, Olive Oil, discloses a cement composition containing Portland cement, sand, silica dust and polycarboxylate in an amount of from 0.1 to 10 wt%. % of total dry cement binder.

[0035] Publication of the United States Patent Application No. 2005/0239924, Layiketap ai., Discloses a cement composition containing Portland cement, fine grained sand, silica dust and polycarboxylate in an amount of 0.05 to 2.5 wt%. %

[0036] Publication of the United States Patent Application No. 2005/0274294, published in the Official Journal, discloses a cement composition containing Portland cement, fine grained sands, silica dust and polycarboxylate in an amount of 1 to 4 parts by weight. %

Publication of the United States Patent Application No. 2006/0281836, Kegps et al., Discloses a cement composition containing Portland cement, fine grained sands, silica dust and polycarboxylate.

Publication of the United States Patent Application No. 2006/0174572 The tow pae e, a description of which is incorporated by reference, is entirely incorporated herein, discloses non-combustible reinforced lightweight cement panels and a system of metal frame for walls of hardness.

Publication of the United States Patent Application No. 2007/0125273, Ripio, discloses a cement composition containing portland cement, fine grained sand, silica dust and polycarboxylate in an amount of 1 to 2 wt. %

[0040] US Patent Application Publication No. 2007/0175126, Topopea et al., Is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety, discloses a construction cement panel made with kernels comprising lightweight fillers, such as empty spheres, which are significantly easier to use with cement armor panels of the present invention containing sand as inorganic fillers for explosive resistance.

[0041] Publication of the US Patent Application No. 2007/0228612 A, Oyghese et al., Included in this document reference, discloses explosive concrete, also suitable for limiting penetration of ballistic fragments.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0042] The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing an improved cement composition. The main ingredients of the continuous phase of the cement material are: 25-45 wt. % - inorganic cement binder (for example, Portland cement), 35-65 wt. % - inorganic mineral filler (for example, quartz sand), 5-15 wt. % - Pozzolanium micron filler (for example, silica dust), 0.75-2.5 wt. % - chemical self-leveling agent (for example, carboxylated polyester) and 6-12 wt. % - water, and in the absence of quartzfirst.

[0043] Preferably, the composition comprises an alkanolamine and an acid or acid salt. Example,

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An additional embodiment of the present invention relates to the addition of the corresponding amounts of triethanolamine (hereafter referred to as TEM) and cinnamic acid in the manufacture of explosion-proof cement panels for the modification of the properties of fresh and hardened cement paste for the creation of panels in the cement composition described above.

As a rule, cement mixtures contain as cementing components portland cement and silica dust at a relative weight ratio of 0.85: 0.15 and quartz sand as a filler in a weight ratio of 1.05: 1.00 relative to the cementing components. Water was used in the weight ratio of 0.22: 1.00 relative to the cement components. Triethanolamine and tartaric acid are added to control the fluidity of the mixture with a typical dosage of TEA about 0.045 wt. % based on the weight of Portland cement andtype of the tartaric acid less than about 0.040 wt. % based on the total weighting components. In addition, a superplasticizer may be added. However, the advantage of the present invention is that it allows for the use of reduced amounts of superplasticizer.

[0045] In the present invention, a unique combination of inorganic and organic materials with specific dimensional properties was used, which, when mixed with water, gives a remarkable rheological properties and self-leveling behavior at the stage of fresh meal, and the high compressive strength at least 10,000, 15,000, or 20,000 rg after the stamping of the cement composition from controlled increase in durability after 28-day hardening in comparison with the typical range 3000-5000 rz, obtained for typical concrete with the highest density and normal strong Stu.

The method overcomes the above-described serious shortcomings of modern cement materials, which are used to create extremely dense cement materials, and offers cement binder material that is self-aligned in a fresh state and extraordinary after tufts.

[0047] The method of the present invention also provides the properties of a cementitious composition that is self-aligned for easy molding of panels without the need for an increase in the number of water which should then be removed.

Self-leveling handling of freshly mixed cement material in this document is defined as a characteristic property that allows the material to flow and approach to a horizontal level without the help of external oscillations or energy. Attempts at a certain level oftechnology to achieve self-leveling required the use of mixtures of excess water, whichprovided an unacceptable composite material with a very low strength characteristicswith compression.

[0049] Fibrous reinforcement can be distributed throughout the continuous phase. Armovna fiber cement armor panel has an extremely high compressive strength forcontinued ballistic and explosive loads, which can reach at least 10,000 rgi. These cement panels, due to their high strength, can have other applications, except for explosion-proof panels. Typical reinforcing fibers are fiberglass-resistant glasses. Panels can be designed with less strength and less weight to be used, for example, in structures in seismically hazardous areas.

[0050] The panel may have a layered coating surface of one or both sides of the cement core. The covering material with fiber-reinforced polymer (PPP) is usuallylaborated on both sides of the cement core. A plenty of coatings can be used to laminate the core of a cement armor panel. However, laminates with polymer-reinforced fibers (PPP) are preferred coatings. Resin-reinforced fibers, such as reinforced fiberglass polyester, polyethylene, polypropylene, are particularly preferred PPP. Coverings (8) are placed on the core (C) in the form of laminate structural scheme 8C, 8C8 or 8C8S8.

[0051] The coating may be applied to one or more sides of the panel, or the entirely coated panel, for example, the rectangular panel may be coated on both sides and all four edges. In addition, the elastic material for covering the panels may be of the type described in the publication of the application for U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 2009-0004430 A1, U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 11/819340, "Reinforced elastomeric configuration adapted to the user's requirements for the protection of the construction, and the design thereof created from it" filed on June 27, 2007, incorporated herein by reference. Methods for applying elastomeric materials to the panel are also provided in the publication of U.S. Patent Application Application Application No. 2009-0004430 A1, US Patent Application Ser. No. 11/819340. Other PPPs are also suitable for use with the constructions of the present invention.

[0052] The cement armor can be attached, at least, to one side of the frame construction, such as a metal frame.

[0053] As discussed above, there is a need to create panels that are capable of

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replace currently available cement panels with the following disadvantages: insufficient rheologicalproperties, the need for significant quantities of water to ensure self-alignment, and afterconversion in cement panels, have insufficient compressive strength to confrontballistic and explosive loads, low strength characteristics and lack of ease of use during installation.

[0054] All percentages and ratios are weighted, unless otherwise specified.

[0055] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF GRAPHIC MATERIALS

[0056] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one of the embodiments of the cement panel fiber reinforced according to the present invention.

[0057] In FIG. 1A is a side view of the panel of FIG. 1, an additional clamp-like material so that the panel of FIG. 1 forms a core of cement material reinforced with fibers, and the fabric of the reinforcing material forms a cladding.

[0058] FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a suitable apparatus for carrying out the process of manufacturing a cement armor panel according to the present invention.

[0059] In FIG. 2A is a partial upper horizontal projection of an attachment device suitable for use in an appropriate apparatus for carrying out the manufacturing process for cement armor panels of the present invention.

[0060] FIG. 3 shows a temperature rise graph for the mixtures of Example 8 containing the amounts of changing tartaric acid.

[0061] In FIG. 4 shows a graph of increasing the compressive strength for mixtures from Example 8, containing changes in the amount of tartaric acid.

[0062] FIG. 5 shows a mobility loss graph for the mixtures of Example 9, containing a variable number of tartaric acid and constant amounts of superplasticizer and triethanolamine.

[0063] FIG. 6 shows a graph of the temperature rise behavior for mixtures from Example 9, containing changes in the amount of tartaric acid, and constant amounts of superplasticizer and triethanolamine.

[0064] FIG. 7 shows a graph of increasing the compressive strength for mixtures from Example 9, containing changes in the amount of tartaric acid, and constant amounts of superplasticizer and triethanolamine.

[0065] FIG. 8 shows a mobility loss graph for the mixtures of Example 10 containing the amount of changing superplasticizer with constant amounts of TEA (triethanolamine) and tartaric acid.

[0066] FIG. 9 shows a graph of the behavior of the temperature increase for mixturesPeriod 10, containing quantities of superplasticizer, changing, at constantTEM and tartaric acids.

[0067] FIG. 10 shows a graph of increasing the compressive strength for mixtures. The coating 10 containing the amount of changing superplasticizer, with constant amounts of TPE and tartaric acid.

[0068] FIG. 11 depicts a mobility loss schedule for the mixtures of Example 11, containing variable tartaric acid and constant amounts of the superplasticizer and TEM.

[0069] FIG. 12 shows a graph of the temperature rise behavior for mixtures. The invention 11, containing changes in the amount of tartaric acid, and the constant amounts of superplasticizer and TEA.

[0070] FIG. 13 shows a graph of increasing the compressive strength for mixtures. The application 11, containing changes in the amount of tartaric acid, and constant amounts of superplasticizer and TEM.

[0071] FIG. 14 shows a graph of reducing the ballistic speed relative to the density of the cement panel for standard reinforced cement armor panels compared with the cement armor panels of the present invention.

[0072] FIG. 15 shows a graph of reducing the ballistic velocity relative to the density of the cement panel for two, three and four panels for panels with a facing laminate layer of fiber-reinforced plastic, compared with the panel of the non-facing layer of plastic-reinforced fiber coating.

[0073] FIG. 16 is a graph showing the precipitation of mixtures of Example 13.

[0074] FIG. 17 shows a mobility loss graph for the mixture 1 of Example 13.

[0075] FIG. 18 shows the time of tensing (initial and final) measured for these mixtures of the article 13 using Gilmor needles.

[0076] FIG. 19 shows a graph of lowering the ballistic velocity relative to the surface

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the density of the cement armor panel of the present invention (not layered) in comparison with such a construction cement panel.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF OPTIONS FOR IMPLEMENTATION

[0077] A. PANEL

[0078] The present invention relates to reinforced fibers, a non-shrink cement shield panel. FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the panel 1 of the present invention.

[0079] FIG. 1A shows a side view of the panel 1 of FIG. 1, also provided with sheets of reinforcingmaterial 2 on the opposite outer surfaces of the cement panel 1. Thus, the panel 1Fig. 1 forms fiber reinforced cement core, and sheets 2 of the reinforcing material form an exchange on the opposite sides of the core. Typical reinforcing sheet materials include polymer-reinforced (PPP) or other material as described in US Patent Application No. 61 / 033,264 entitled "Laminated Armored Panels Based on Cement" filed March 3, 2008, and incorporated herein by reference. using the link in its entirety.

[0080] Generally, the PPP coating layer with the aid of a sticky substance joins the two surfaces of the cement core. For example, a fiber-reinforced coating may be aligned with the surface of the core with an epoxy glue.

[0081] The main starting materials used for the production of a panel of the present invention are inorganic cement binder, for example, hydraulic cement such as porcelain cement, inorganic mineral filler, preferably such as quartz sand, pozzolana microfiller, such as silica dust, self-leveling agent , selected from a compound based on polycarboxylate, in particular polyester and water, and reinforcing fibers, for example, glass fiber, and any optional impurities that may be added to the cement paste to Ista given shape plate.

[0082] The panel includes a continuous phase obtained by cooling the water mixture of the cement composition and reinforcing fibers such as fiberglass; the panel includes 25-45 wc. % of inorganic cement binder, 35-65 wt. % - inorganic mineral filler 150-450 microns, 5-15 wt. % - pozzolan filler and 0.75-2.5 wt. % -

superplasticizing self-leveling agent and 6-12% water.

[0083] Optionally, the aqueous mixture comprises about 0.005-0.500 wt. % of triethanolamine, calculated on cement binder, and optionally about 0.10-1.80 wt. % of tartaric acid, calculated on the components of the cement.

[0084] The panels of the present invention generally include a continuous phase of a cementitious material in which the reinforcing fibers are distributed substantially evenly. In the panel of FIG. 1continuous phase is derived from the solidification of a water mixture of cement and reinforcing fibers.

B. COMPOSITION

[0085] The components used for the manufacture of the panels of the present invention are more fully described below.

[0086] The typical weight ratios of the ingredients of one embodiment of cement self-aligned compositions with an ultrahigh strength at compression of the present invention are shown in Table 1. Inorganic cement binder (hydraulic cement) and the pozzolana microcolline are collectively known as dry reactive powder.

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Table 1

<tr><td><p>Ingredient class</p></td><td><p>Predominant</p><p>ingredient</p></td><td><p>Typical range minimum (weight% of the entire composition including the water)</p></td><td><p>Typical range maximum (weight% of all composition, including water)</p></td><td><p>Typical composition (weight% of all composition, including water)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Inorganic cement binder</p></td><td><p>Portland cement</p></td><td><p>25.0</p></td><td><p>45.0</p></td><td><p>37.0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Inorganic mineral supplement, the average particle size is 150-450 microns</p></td><td><p>Quartz sand</p></td><td><p>35.0</p></td><td><p>65.0</p></td><td><p>45.7</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Pozzolanic</p><p>microfiller</p></td><td><p>Silica dust, the average size of particles of about 0.1 micron</p></td><td><p>5.0</p></td><td><p>15.0</p></td><td><p>6.5</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Self-leveling chemical agent on</p><p>organic basis</p><p>(superplasticizer)</p></td><td><p>Chemical mixture on the basis</p><p>polycarboxylate</p></td><td><p>0.75</p></td><td><p>4.5</p></td><td><p>1.3</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Water</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>6.0</p></td><td><p>12.0</p></td><td><p>9.6</p></td></tr>

[0087] The ratio of dry composition ingredients, including inorganic cement bonding and putovolar microfiller, which in the future are also called dry reactive

5 powder, and inorganic mineral filler are shown in TABLE 1A.

Table 1A

Warehouse based on dry weight

<tr><td><p>Ingredients</p></td><td><p>Predominant</p><p>ingredient</p></td><td><p>Minimum type of weight. % (in the list of dry matter)</p></td><td><p>Maximum type weights. % (in the list of dry matter)</p></td><td><p>Typical weight % of the stock (in the form of a dry substance)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Inorganic hydraulic cement (binder)</p></td><td><p>Portland cement</p></td><td><p>25.0</p></td><td><p>55.0</p></td><td><p>41.5</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Inorganic mineral supplement (average particle size 150-450 micrometers)</p></td><td><p>Quartz sand</p></td><td><p>30.0</p></td><td><p>60.0</p></td><td><p>51.2</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Pozzolanic</p><p>microfiller</p></td><td><p>Silica</p><p>dust</p></td><td><p>2.0</p></td><td><p>15.0</p></td><td><p>7.3</p></td></tr>

Note: inorganic hydraulic cement and pozzolana microfiller, combined together, are called dry reactive powder

Pozzolana microfiller

[0089] Pozzolana materials are defined in A8TM C618-97 as "siliceous or siliceous and 10 alumina materials, which themselves have a weak or zero cementitious value, but they are in finely divided form and, in the presence of moisture, react chemically with calcium hydroxide at normal temperatures, to form compounds , having cementing properties ". The single-use pozzolana material is silica dust, fine-grained amorphous silica, which is a product of the production of metallic silicon and metal alloy with

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silicon It is characterized by high content of silica and low alumina content.

[0090] The pozzolanic material typically has an average particle size specified in

TABLES 2

Table 2

<tr><td><p>Pozzolan filler For example, silica dust, metacanol, volcanic ash, pumice</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Average size of particles (microns)</p></td><td><p>Range type</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>&lt;50</p></td><td><p>Wide</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>&lt;10</p></td><td><p>Predominant</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>&lt;1.0</p></td><td><p>More preferable</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>&lt;0.1</p></td><td><p>Most</p><p>predominant</p></td></tr>

[0091] In one embodiment of the present invention, silica dust, fine-grained amorphous silica, which is a reaction product in the manufacture of metallic silicon and a silicon metal alloy, is an preferred pozzolana microfiller. The average particle size of the silica dust is extremely small, that is, about 0.1 microns, or almost one hundredths less than the average particle size of Portland cement grains. In a most general embodiment, the average particle size of the pozzolanic material should be less than about 50 microns, with a typical particle size of 10 microns or less, and with a more typical average particle size of 1.0 microns or less. In a preferred embodiment, the average particle size of the pozzolan material is 0.1 microns or less, which, as it has been revealed, provides an optimal particle packing, Pusolan reaction and strength development at compression. Adding to the composition of inorganic pozzolan microfiller performs this composition two critical functions.

[0092] The small size of the particles of the pouclane microfillant plays a crucial role in filling the voids with variable sizes between the large particles present in the mixes. Without these filler particles, these voids were either empty, with the formation of air voids, or filled with water. These voids, ultimately, lead to a decrease in both the density and strength when compressing the finite material. Microfillers, which fill these voids, give a much more dense microstructure and enhancecharacteristic of strength when compressing the material.

[0093] The fillolan filler with silica dust also reacts with the hydroxydecalcium obtained as a result of the hydration of Portland cement. This reaction leads to the formation of calcium silicate hydrate, which is a stable and extremely durable bonding material, which improves the strength and stability of a solidified cement based composition.

Materials containing pozzolan properties include various natural materials, including pumice stone, perlite, diatomite, tuff, traces, metacanol, microsilica, granular granular slag and ash removal. Although silica dust is an extremely convenient pozzolan for use in the panels of the present invention, other pozzolanic materials may be used. Unlike siliceous dust, meta-kaolin, bottom-bottomed granular slag and powdered ash-debris have significantly lower silica content and large amounts of alumina, but can be effective pozzolana materials. A beam uses silica dust, it will be about 5 to 20 wt. %, preferably 10 to 15 wt. % reactive powders (examples of reactive powders: only hydraulic cement; mixtures of hydraulic cement and pozzolan; or a mixture of hydraulic cement, calcium sulfate alpha hemihydrate, putsolan and lime). If other subzolanes are used instead, the quantities used should be chosen to provide a chemical effect similar to silica dust.

Silica dust is very different from other fine-grained inorganic mineral fillers, such as quartz flour, defined in the CAO (Chemical Abstracts Service) no. 87347-84-0 as silicon dioxide produced by grinding pure quartz into a very fine powder. Quartz flour is commonly used as a cheap filler in concrete compositions and plastics.

[0096] Silica dust, defined by the SAZ No. 67256-35-3, is produced entirely by the reaction of silicon tetrachloride in a hydrogen-oxygen flame having an excess of oxygen.

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The resulting solid is a very light, mild, flowing pozzolanic material used in cement compositions to improve the strength of the adhesive, bond strength and abrasion strength.

It has been found that the ratio of the pouclane microfiller to the inorganic cement binder is widely applicable in the range from 0.05 to 0.30, for example, from 5 weight parts to 30 parts by weight of the filler to 95 to 70 weight parts of the binder . It has been found that the preferred ratio is from 0.10 to 0.25, and the most preferred ratio is from 0.15 to 0.20, which gives optimal property of self-alignment, packing efficiency, puolan reaction and development of controlled strength when compressed in the final stage of the composition. In TABLE 2C are the ranges of ratios of pozzolan filler to inorganic hydraulic cement.

Table 2C

<tr><td><p>Weight ratio of pozzolan filler to inorganic hydraulic cement</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Correlation</p></td><td><p>Type of advantage</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0.05-0.30</p></td><td><p>Predominant</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0.10-0.25</p></td><td><p>More preferable</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0.15-0.20</p></td><td><p>Most preferred</p></td></tr>

[0098] Inorganic cement binder (inorganic hydraulic cement)

[0099] Preferred inorganic cement binders are selected from different classes of porcelain cement, and from the most commercially available most preferred in this composition are those having a larger particle size. The fineness of blasting according to the Blaine portland cement used in the cement compositions of the present invention generally ranges from 2000 to 6,000 cm²/ g

[00100] It was found that a relatively lower demand for water in Portland cement with a larger particle size leads to the fact that the mixtures have a higher density of the material and an improved strength profile when compressing the material.

[00101] Inorganic mineral filler

[00102] The preferred inorganic mineral filler is quartz particles having a specific particle size distribution as described below. These fillers perform some of the most important functions in the composition of the present invention.

[00103] The stability of the geometrical dimensions of the final product made from the cement composition of the present invention is greatly improved by the use of an inorganic mineral filler. Pure Portland cement compositions tend to high instability of geometric sizes under the influence of changing hydrothermic conditions. Mineral fillers, such as quartz sands, help to improve the stability of geometric material dimensions without compromising the mechanical characteristics of materials.

[00104] The pure compositions of Portland cement are extremely prone to shrinkage and concomitant development of cracks due to limited plastic shrinkage of the material when it is subject to abrasion. The effect of limited plastic shrinkage becomes even more pronounced for compositions with very low water content, especially in the presence of pozzolanic materials such as silica dust. It was found that quartz sand plays an important role in controlling, and in some cases eliminating, developing cracks due to limited plastic shrinkage.

[00105] It was found that the correct choice of the range of particle size of the inorganic mineral filler is effective in providing a more dense packing of particles of the cement mixture of the present invention. A thicker packaging results in less significant cracks in the final material, which in turn, in turn, improves the mechanical characteristics and strength when compressing the composite material.

It has been found that the size of the particles of inorganic mineral filler and the total amount of filler used in the cement mixture significantly contributes to the equilibrating characteristics of the mixture. It was found that if the inorganic mineral filler has a very small average particle size, then the material will have a badreological properties without self-alignment. In addition, it was found that if the amount of inorganic mineral filler is too large, that is, reaches the critical limit, the toner will also have insufficient rheological properties and the lack of self-alignment.

[00107] Distribution of the size of inorganic filler particles, which, as it has been shown,

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will lead to self-leveling properties and ultrahigh properties of compressive strength, shown in TABLE 2B.

Table 2B

<tr><td><p>The size of the inorganic filler particles in microns</p></td><td><p>% moresmall</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>1000</p></td><td><p>100</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>600</p></td><td><p>90-100</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>300</p></td><td><p>40-90</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>150</p></td><td><p>10-40</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>50</p></td><td><p>less than 10</p></td></tr>

The content of inorganic mineral filler in the composition, which has been found to provide self-alignment of the final composition, is described by the weight ratio of inorganic filler to the cementitious material in the range of 0.80 to 1.50: 1.0 in terms of dry matter.

The average particle size of the inorganic mineral filler in the composition of the present invention should be in the range of 150 to 450 microns, more typically in the range from 200 to 400 microns and preferably in the range of 250 to 350 microns. The circles use an average particle size in the range of 250 to 350 microns, it was found that the composition exhibits optimal self-alignment behavior, control of the formation of crack splint shrinkage, effective packing of particles and optimal development of the rigging strength. A typical inorganic mineral filler has an average particle size given in TABLE 2C.

Table 2C

<tr><td><p>Inorganic mineral filler</p><p>For example, quartz sand, zirconium, alumina sand</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Average size of particles</p></td><td><p>Classification type</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>150-450 microns</p></td><td><p>Predominant</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>200-400 microns</p></td><td><p>More preferable</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>250-350 microns</p></td><td><p>Most</p><p>predominant</p></td></tr>

[00110] Another parameter that has been found to provide optimum results is the ratio of inorganic mineral filler, for example, quartz sand, dry powder (total weight of reactive powders of inorganic cement binder and pozzolan microfiller). Good results are obtained in ratios of from about 0.75 to 1.50: 1.0, with more preferable results in ratios from 0,80 to 1,20: 1,0, and optimal self-alignment, effective particle stacking and strength development at compression are achieved at ratios from 0.90 to 1.10: 1.0, for example from 90 to 110 parts by weight of inorganic mineral filler, such as quartz sand, to 100 parts of combined cement binder and puzolan filler.

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Table 2

<tr><td><p>Weight ratio of inorganic mineral filler to dry reactive powder</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Correlation</p></td><td><p>Type of advantage</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0.75 to 1.50</p></td><td><p>Predominant</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0.80 to 1.20</p></td><td><p>More preferable</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0.90 to 1.10</p></td><td><p>Most preferred</p></td></tr>

Note: Inorganic Hydraulic

cement and putolanium microfiller, combined together, are called dry reactive powder.

[00111] Water

[00112] Typically, the weight ratio of water to the dry reactive powder of inorganic cement binder and pozzolan filler is maintained at 0.35 or less, with a ratio below about 0.25 to 0.30: 1.0, and the optimal packaging of the particles and strength at compression is achieved at the ratio of water to the reactorpowder 0,20: 1,0 or less. TABLE 2E shows ranges for water to

dry reactive powder.

10

Table 2E

<tr><td><p>Weight ratio of water to dry reactive powder</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Preferred ratio</p></td><td><p>Range type</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>&lt;0.35</p></td><td><p>Maximum ratio of water to dry reactive powder</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>&lt;0.30</p></td><td><p>Predominant</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>&lt;0.25</p></td><td><p>More preferable</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>&lt;0.20</p></td><td><p>Most preferred</p></td></tr>

Note: Inorganic hydraulic cement and pozzolana microfiller, combined together, are called dry reactive powder.

[00113] Self-leveling agent - superplasticizer

[00114] It has been found that organic admixtures based on polycarboxylate chemistry are highly effective self-adjusting agents in the composition of the present invention and

15 provide the necessary fluidity and rheological properties for the development of long-term durability when compressing the stubble cement armor panel.

[00115] It has been found that compositions based on polycarboxylate are effective when used in an amount from about 0.25 to 5.00 wt. %, and more typically from 0.50 to 3.0 wt. % of cement material in terms of dry matter. Quantities lower than about 0.25%

20 do not provide any significant improvement in the flow and rheological properties of cementmaterial. The use of levels of superplasticizer based on polycarboxylate above about 5.0 wt. % has a significant adverse effect on the long-term development of toughness. TABLE 2R shows the ranges for superplasticizer.

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Table 2G

<tr><td><p>Superplasticizer</p><p>Polycarboxylate polyester</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Dosing range</p></td><td><p>Range type</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0,25-5,00 wt % dry reactive powders</p></td><td><p>Wide range</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0.50-3.00 wt % dry reactive powders</p></td><td><p>Preferred range</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0.75-1.50 wt % dry reactive powders</p></td><td><p>More Preferable Range</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>1.00-1.25 wt % dry reactive powders</p></td><td><p>The most preferred range</p></td></tr>

Note: Inorganic hydraulic cement and pozzolana microfiller, combined together, are called dry reactive powder.

[00116] If a polycarboxylate superplasticizer is used in said doses in a mixture with other components of the cement composition of the present invention, self-aligned cement cements are produced.

[00117] As a rule, the polycarboxylate superplasticizer may be reduced to about 0.75 to 1.50 wt. % of dry reactive powders and up to about 1.0 to 1.25 wt. % of dry reactive powders, with still the desired yielding period and long-term development of compression strength, if alkanolamines, for example, TEA, and acidic impurities, such as tartaric acid, are used in amounts defined in the present invention.

[00118] The term "self-leveling agent based on polycarboxylate" as used herein refers to carbon-skeleton polymers and side chains, wherein at least a portion of the side chains is attached to the skeleton through a carboxyl group or ester group. Examples of such polycarboxylate compositions can be found in US Pat. No. 6942727 B2, column 4, lines 16-32, incorporated herein by reference. Polycarboxylate dispersants are very effective in dispersing and decreasing the water content in hydraulic cements. These dispersants or superplasticizers function by pushing the particle to be dispersed, and then the repulsive forces between each polymer chain keep the particles separate and more fluid.

The polycarboxylate agent used in the cement composition may include, but is not limited to, dispersants or impurities that reduce the need for water sold under the trademarks ΟΥΕΝίμΜ 3030Ν3, ΟΥΕΝίυΜ 3200 NOT, ΟιΕΝίυΜ 3000Ν3 (Masièg Víibez Ips., Cleveland, Ohio) , ΑννΑ (Sh. R. S. Sacey Ips., Columbia, Maryland), UISOROSTEE (Zika, Stockholm, Sweden) and ZIRERESH (Akhti Sopsgeye Tesiopiodiis Ips., Midlbranch, Ohio). Two examples of polycarboxylate polyestercompositions available on the market, which have shown good results in the present invention, are Abua® Sazi and Abua® Sazi 500, which are comparable to Sh.R. Sage, Columbia, Maryland.

[00120] Alkanolamine and acid / acid salt

As mentioned above, alkanolamine, for example, triethanolamine (TEA) and an acid or acid salt, for example, tartaric acid, may be added to control the cement yield of the composition. Add from about 0.005 weights. % to about 0.500 wt. % TEA cementmaterial, more typically from 0,010 weight. % to about 0.250 wt. %, more preferably 0.020 wt. % to 0.100 weight % and most preferably from about 0.025 to 0.075 wt. % of dry-reactive powder allows the use of lower levels of the leveling agent of the plaster. For example, the addition of alkanolamine and acid / acid salt allowsallow about one-third of the amount used in the opposite case with the desired degree of strength development when compressing the panel.

[00122] Moreover, the addition of alkanolamine and acid / acid salt delayed the period of agitation to provide the possibility of processing and refinement of the cement armored panel. This, however, allows the cement composition to have a longer period of processing the panel from the moment when the panel is stuck enough to be processed and polished for the finalprocess, until the time when the cement composition will get its entirely stubby final form panel. In quantities less than about 0.005%, the time of decay is too short, and the improvement in the development of long-term durability when the panel is not compressed.

[00123] When more than 0.500% TEA is used, the decomposition takes place too quickly to improve the processing period, and the compressive strength does not develop during a period of time sufficient to provide compressive strength levels of more than about 10000rgs, for example from 15,000 rg or 20,000 rg to 25,000 or 30,000 pounds for effective blasting and

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ballistic stability.

[00124] TABLE 2C shows ranges for alkanolamines. Examples of suitable for use in the embodiments of the present invention alkanolamines include one or more monoethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine.

Table 2C

<tr><td><p>Alkanolamines For example, triethanolamine, diethanolamine, monoethanolamine</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Dosing range</p></td><td><p>Range type</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0.005-0.500 wt % dry reactive powder</p></td><td><p>Wide range</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0.010-0.250 wt % dry reactive powder</p></td><td><p>Preferred range</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0.020-0.100 wt % dry reactive powder</p></td><td><p>More preferred range</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0.025-0.075 wt % dry reactive powder</p></td><td><p>The most preferred range</p></td></tr>

Note: Inorganic hydraulic cement and pozzolana microfiller, combined together, are called dry reactive powder.

[00125] It has been found that the use of acids, for example, tartaric acid or sour salts, in combination with the above-described alkanolamines, is effective in reducing the amount of superplasticizer necessary to provide fluidity and rheological properties. It also improves the development of compressive strength over time at levels from about 0.10 to about 1.80 wt. % of the cement material, with a typical use in the range of from about 0.20 to 1.20 weight. % and in the preferred range of about 0.30 wt. % to 0.80 wt %, and more preferably in the range of about 0.40 wt. % to 0.60 wt % If tartaric acid is used less than about 0.10%, then there is no improvement in the development of compressive strength orany decrease in the amount of superplasticizer necessary to ensure the requiredconstancy and rheological properties of the cement material. At levels above about 1.8 watts. % Long-term development of compressive strength decreases to levels below the strength of the pristank, necessary for use as an effective cement armor panel.

[00126] Other examples of suitable acid / acid addition salts for improving fluidity include, but are not limited to, citric acid, potassium tartrate, sodium tartrate, sodium tartrate and potassium citrate.

[00127] TABLE 2H shows ranges for acids and acid salts that may be used in embodiments of the present invention.

Table 2H

<tr><td><p>Acids and sour salts: tartaric acid, potassium tartrate, sodium tartrate, sodium tartrate, potassium citric acid, sodium citrate</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Dosing range</p></td><td><p>Range type</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0,10-1,80 wt % dry reactive powder</p></td><td><p>Wide range</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0.20-1.20 wt. % dry reactive powder</p></td><td><p>Preferred range</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0,30-0,80 wt % dry reactive powder</p></td><td><p>More preferred range</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0.40-0.60 wt. % dry reactive powder</p></td><td><p>The most preferred range</p></td></tr>

Note: Inorganic hydraulic cement and pozzolana microfiller, combined together, are called dry reactive powder.

[00128] Reinforcing fibers

Cementitious armored panels of the present invention generally include reinforcing fibers, for example, fiberglass or steel fibers. However, products without reinforcing fibers also refer to the present invention.

[00130] Cement armored panels are usually reinforced with one or more layers of free cut glass fiber, enclosed in cement layers, when manufacturing a panel of cement curtains applied to the casting line, as detailed below. The fibers are finely cut in length from about 0, 5 inches (1.3 cm) to about 1.5 inches (3.8 cm). Fiberglasses are monofilaments with a diameter of about 5 to 25 microns (micrometers), usually from about 10 to 15 microns (micrometers).

[00131] Cement armored panels are uniformly reinforced with fiberglass in an amount from about 0.5

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volumetric% to about 6 volumetric% of the total composition of the composite material, more typically about 3 volumes% to about 3.5 volumetric%, before it stumbles into the final cement armor panel. "Full cement composition" means a complete inorganic binder, an inorganic mineral filler, a pozzolan filler, a self-leveling agent, and a type of inhibitor and catalysts. Thus, 100 cubic feet of full composition comprise from 0.5 to 6 cubic feet of fibers. Cement armor panels also form 0.5-6 vol% of the total wet composition used for the implementation of the composite product, as well as the composite product itself.

[00132] When an alkali resistance is important, glass-fiber resistant fibers (AR fiber glass), such as Νίρρηη Ειγγής Oyaz (ΝΟΟ) 350Υ, can be used. It has been found that such fibers provide a solution of excellent bond strength to the matrix and, thus, are advantageous for the panels of the present invention. Fiberglass is a monofilament having a diameter of about 5 to 25 microns (micrometers) and usually from about 10 to 15 microns (micrometers). As a rule, fibers are assembled into threads of 100 fibers that can be bound in bundles containing about 50 threads Threads or bundles are usually cut into suitable fibers and pockets of fibers, for example from about 0.25 to 3 inches (from 6.3 to 76 mm) in length, preferably from 0.5 to 1.5 inches (from 13 to 38 mm), more preferably 1 to 1.5 inches (25 to 38 mm).

[00133] Also, in place of some or all of the preferred fiber glass, other fibers of the present invention can be included in the cement bundle panels of the present invention. Such other fibers may be one or more cellulosic elements including cellulose fibers such as paper fibers; Polymer fibers, for example, from polyvinyl alcohol, polypropylene, polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polyacrylonitrile, polyamide, polyimide and / or amorphous fibers. Carbon fibers and metal fibers, such as steel fibers, can also be used to reinforce cement armor panels, although fiberglassprovides cement armor panels with excellent explosion resistance and the properties of confrontationbalisticheskogo impact.

[00134] Additional optional impurities

[00135] Other known impurities for use in cementitious compositions, such as airtight impurities, surfactants, catalysts, retarders and additional plastifiers, can also be used. In particular, dewatering agents, such as polynaphthalenesulfonates, lignosulphonates and melamine sulphonates, can be added to the continuous phase and will function as secondary plasticizers in combination with a polycarboxylate dispersant.

[00136] Highly effective covering reinforcement

[00137] Fiber-reinforced cement core of armored panels is strengthened by means of highly effective covering reinforcement, connected with one or both surfaces of the cement core. Covering reinforcement can be made from a variety of highly effective reinforcing materials, such as polymer-based laminates reinforced with fibers (ERP), thin metallavilnitami, composite ERP metal laminates, loose netting, dense grid, etc. Covering reinforcement joins the cement core with the aid of a coupling agent. For example, for binding of coatings to the kernel, adhesives can be used. Typical suitable adhesives are urethanes (hot melt and room temperature), epoxy adhesives and other polymeric adhesives. The coating can be applied to one or more panel panels or completely cover the panel, for example

[00138] Alternatively, the covering reinforcement can be inserted into the cement core, thus avoiding the need for a coupling agent.

[00139] The elastic material for coating panels may be as described in the publication of U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 2009-0004430 A1, U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 11/819340, "Armoredelastomeric structure adapted to user requirements for the protection of structures, and construction made of it", filed June 27, 2007, included in this document by the link. Methods for applying the elastomeric material to the panel are also provided in US Patent Application Publication No. 2009-0004430 A1, US Patent Application No. 11/819340. The others are also suitable for use in the designs of the present invention.

[00140] Typically, polymer laminates reinforced with fibers are used, such as polyester fiber reinforced with fiberglass, fiber reinforced polyethylene and fiber reinforced polypropylene resins, where the fiber reinforced polyester resin laminate Katiii AggTii®, supplied by the company Stega Sotroziase, Ips, is preferred. EPrlaminates can include reinforcing fibers embedded in a polymeric resin in a continuous form, discrete form or in combination of both forms.

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[00141] A number of fibers can be used as reinforcement in PPP laminate, including such superior fibers as fiberglass, aramid fibers, Keviag® fibers, and metal fibers such as steel fibers.

[00142] After the final hardening in the form of cement-fiber reinforced with ultra-efficient coating reinforcement attached to at least one surface of the cement core, as described below, the panel exhibits the desired explosion-proof and stability dimensions of the cement composite material.

[00143] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE MANUFACTURE OF THE PANEL OF THIS INVENTION

[00144] FORMATION

[00145] The cement board is formed on the forming line: first, a layer of cutting fibers such as AR fiber glass is applied onto the carrier on the conveyor belt, after which a layer of cement paste is placed on the cutting sheath, and then a second layer of the cut fiber is placed, after which the layers are carried through the device for an embedding to put arbitrarily distributed glass fiber into a layer of cement paste. These steps are then repeated a second time to assemble the second layer to obtain a cementitious panel with a nominal thickness of about 0.50 inches. The third layer of only the cement paste (cover) is placed on the top of the panel and immediately is flattened by a flattening plate to provide a relatively smooth surface of the produced panel.

[00146] Aspects of the formation of the production processes of the cement armor panel differ from the technological processes used to obtain other cement panels, such as constructive cement panels in US Patent No. 6620487, Topoup et al., Incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Cement paste of cement armor panel is more viscous, approximately with double density and applies sand with a wider and relatively large particle size distribution than lightweight filler, which is used in the process for a structured cement panel in Topoup her ai.

[00147] The main element of the formation process, which requires modification, from the processesproduction of the construction cement panel, is the structure of rollers for the insertion, toprovide a greater distance between the rollers disks, with the adaptation in the transition fromproduction of construction cement panels to the production of cement bronzepanelcookie for attachment. Mineral filler with a large particle size, for example, the sand used in the production of CEMENT BROTHERPANEL (~ 210-600 microns), requires that the distance between the rollers for insertion was greater (~ 0 and 5 ") than the typical distance ~ 0, 06, which is used in the production of a construction cement panel containing a lightweight aggregate with a particle size in the range of 10-500 microns.

[00148] LOADING AND LIVING

[00149] The speed with which the panel is pressed can be controlled in order to allow an increase in processing time by means of typical machining (machining / polishing and cutting) methods, which are referred to as "on-site processing". The main elements of tensile, in terms of processing, is the earliest time at which the panels can be processed physically for processing and the most recent time, in which the panels become so solid that they can not be processed on the spot. Without modifying the hardening agents, these periods are very short. No modifiers for fixing the panels should have been at least 16 hours long so that they could be processed without failure, but when they were 20 hours, they were too hard to handle on the spot. It was a ~ 4-hour interval for processing.

[00150] Modifying agents, such as triethanolamine and tartaric acid, are used to achieve a significant increase in this time period. The panels made with the modifying clamping compound can be processed from 16 hours to 72 hours after the formation, approximately 15x magnification in the hourly interval for treatment. These compounds, modifying the hardening, also give a huge advantage to the physical propertiesformation of the product, which is visible on the ends and ribs, holding their shape, immediately afterrelease formwork. This greatly increases the likelihood of multiple use of the product.

[00151] Immediately after the complete decoupling of the raw product, the use of traditional finishing equipment becomes impossible. The product must be superfine with the use of standard stone processing technology to provide the product appropriate thickness (typically about 0.53 inches or 1.35 cm). To cut or trim all the stomatal panels to use a water jet or a special cutting blade.

[00152] After the formation of the panel is stored on an equal surface, at least 16 hours forgrowth of the initial hardening. After the panels have reached the initial hardening andcan be treated, they can be polished, cut to size and placed in the conditions

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for a stamp or send immediately to the conditions for a sting in a rough state. Pre-assembled panels are dampened and rotated with plastic to prevent loss of moisture.

[00153] The resulting panels are then folded to an even surface and tensile in the ambient conditions of temperature and humidity during the initial period of 8 to 72 hours after moisture formation (casting). Then the panels are moistened and rotated in plastic to prevent the loss of moisture. The rounded panels should be heated by heating panels at 140 ° F (60 ° C) for a period of 7 days.

[00154] FINAL TREATMENT (SURFACE TREATMENT)

[00155] Surface treatment equipment is used to fit panels to a thickness of about 0.53 inches, and to provide a smooth upper and lower surface of the panel.

[00156] As shown, surface treatment can be performed using standard drum grinding machines, if the product is made with the use of regulating compaction of the composition. If the product is made using a standard material for cooling, it is usually necessary to send the product to the verification using equipment that is standard in the stone-processing industry. Stone-processing equipment as a rule includes a carbide plate or tape, which is used for polishing / cleaning the upper surface to the desired thickness and finish.

[00157] CUTTING

[00158] The panels are cut to their desired size using standard cutting techniques such as dry sawing or water jet cutting.

[00159] As previously indicated, the method used for cutting cement bronze panels depends on the age / strength of the panels. Panels made with the use of clamping modifiers can be cut using the standard dry diamond blade technology or gear carbide tools during the decoupling period. Panels that are completely frozen must be cut using technology such as water jet or cutting.

[00160] LAMINATION

[00161] Before lamination, all surfaces of the panel are cleaned, usually automated with a rotary brush machine.

[00162] A fiber-reinforced protective layer is usually a reinforced glass fiber molding on one or both sides of the panel. The method of manufacturing a coating includes a stage in which the third surface layer is formed on a cement core of a leveling or polished cement directly to obtain a smooth upper surface. This facilitates the exposure of adhesives and laminate, but also helps, even if there is no adhesive substance and laminate. Thus, the coating of adhesive and laminate is added to this layer, and for attaching laminate with or without the use of hot melt can be appliedpressure or hot rolling.

[00163] Typically, a laminate is placed on the core. If the adhesive material is somber mosquito, then the three-layer structure usually goes through hot rolls. For other adhesives, one force of weight may be enough to shed a laminate with a core, but, at a time of need, you can use pressing or hot rolling.

[00164] Before lamination, all surfaces of the panel are cleaned, usually automated with a rotary brush machine. The panels should be dry before lamination. The method of drying most often is the drying of ambient air, although if necessary you can use drying equipment.

[00165] In one typical lamination method, the step comprises applying a suitable adhesive agent, such as hot melt adhesives or epoxy adhesives, to the core of the panel and stack a laminate film or coating over the adhesive. Adhesive material can usually be delivered through the passing of the stubby CEMENT BRONINE PANEL through a pair of prime rollers, with one roll when rotating interacts with the adhesive substance and carries a duct on one surface of the cement panel. The laminate is then placed on the sticker surface, and then the panel is passed through another pair of clamping rollers to extrude the reinforcing coating with a sticky surface. After the stamping of the adhesive substance, lamination can be repeated on the opposite side of the panel.

[00166] PACKING

[00167] After sufficient sting of adhesive, cement armor panels are usually packed in accordance with the instructions of the client.

[00168] REFERENCE DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCESS OF THE PRODUCTION LINE OF INVENTORY

[00169] Referring now to FIG. 2, which is schematically depicted a line for the production of cement armor panel, which is generally designated by position 10. The production line 10 includes

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a support frame or molding table 12 having a plurality of legs 13 or other supports. The Opornarama 12 comprises a conveyor 14 of the type of an endless humuslike conveyor belt with a flat, waterproof surface, although porous surfaces are also contemplated. As is well known in the art, the support frame 12 can be manufactured, at least, from a single-stalk segment, which may include special legs 13 or another supporting structure. The support frame 12 also includes the main drive drum 16 at the far end of the frame 18 and the freely rotating drum 20 at the near end of the 22 designs. Also, as a rule, at least one guide and / or tensioning strip is provided for device 24 to support the desired voltage and position the conveyor 14 on the drums 16, 20. In this embodiment, the panels are manufactured continuously,

[00170] In this embodiment, a crotch net paper 26 of paper kraft paper or paperboard, or a plastic mesh placed on a conveyor 14 may be provided to retain it and / or maintain tissue.

[00171] However, it is also contemplated that, instead of the infinite grid 26, individual sheets (not shown) on the conveyor 14 may be deposited on a solid material, for example, sheets of polymeric plastics.

[00172] It is also contemplated that the CEMENT BROWN PANELS produced by this line 10 are formed directly on the conveyor 14. Next, at least one unit 28 for the tape was installed. The conveyor 14 moves through the support frame 12 by means of a set of motors, pulleys, belts or chains which drives the main drive drum 16 as known in the art. It is assumed that the speed of the conveyor 14 may vary so as to meet the requirements of the manufactured product.

[00173] SICK

[00174] In this embodiment, the manufacture of a cement armored panel begins with the application of a 26 layer of unpacked, crushed, wool 30 in length from about 0.5 in. To 1.5 inches (from 1.3 to 3.8 cm) and a diameter of about 5 to 25 micrometers, usually 10-15 micrometers in diameter. Different stacking irradiating fibers of the device are assumed by this line 10. For example, the conventional system applies a rail 31 that holds several coils 32 with fiberglass cords, from each of which sections or threads, 34 fibers are fed to a grate plant or apparatus, which is also called a silo 36. As a rule, every January installation is served by a few windscreens.

The driller 36 comprises a rotary knife coil 38 from which radial blades 40 extend perpendicularly along the width of the conveyor 14, and which is closely connected, in the presence of contact and rotation, with the support shaft 42. In a preferred embodiment, the knife coil 38 The iop shaft 42 is positioned in a relatively tight bond, so that the rotation of the cutting coil 38 also rotates the support shaft 42, although the reverse is also assumed. Also, the support shaft 42 is preferably covered with an elastic auxiliary material on which the blades 40 cut the strands 34. The gap between the blades 40 on the coil 38 determines the length of the cut fiber. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the squeegee 36 is positioned above the conveyor 14 at the near end 22 to maximize the useful use of the length of the production line 10. As the fiber 34 is cut,

[00176] CEMENT TEST MIX

[00177] This production line 10 includes a delivery station for a cement dough or dosing cement dough, or a pressure vessel for cement dough, generally designated 44, and a source cement dough, which in this embodiment is a wet mixer 47. The dispenser of the 44-cement dough receives the supply of cement paste 46 from the wet mixer 47 to carry the cement paste 46 onto the sliced ​​fibers on the bearing mesh 26.

[00178] APPARATUS OF CEMENT TEST

[00179] Referring now to FIG. 2, as noted above, is presented as a feeding apparatus for a cement paste, also called a cement dough feeder, a dosing cement dough or a pressure vessel of cement paste, generally designated 44, receiving a delivery of cement paste 46 from a wet mixer 47.

[00180] The preferred dispenser 44 of the cement dough comprises a main dosing shaft 48 located perpendicular to the direction of movement "T" of the conveyor 14. A supporting or auxiliary shaft 50 is arranged side by side, in parallel, in a rotational position with a dual shaft 48. The cement dough 46 is placed in a gap 52 between two ramparts 48, 50.

[00181] The dispenser of the cement dough 44 also has a bolt 132 mounted on the side walls 54

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the delivery device 44 of the cement dough to be mounted adjacent to the dosing surface 48 so that a gap is formed between the shaft 48 and the gate 132. The shutter 132 is located overdosing shaft 48 so that the gap is between the gate 132 and the upper portion of the shaft 48. Valves 48, 50 and shutter 132 are in sufficiently close bonding, so that the gap between the shaft 48 and the gate 132 keeps the cement dough feed 46, in At the same time, shafts 48, 50 turn one relative to one. Shutter 132 is equipped with a vibrator (not shown). The dosing shaft 48 rotates from the gap 52 to the gap between the shaft 48 and the gate 132.

[00182] The shutter 132 may be centered over the dosing shaft 48 or slightly above the suppressor shaft 48.

[00183] Although other sizes are foreseen, as a rule, the dosing shaft 48 has a large diameter than the supporting shaft 50.

Also, as a rule, one of the shafts 48, 50 has a smooth, stainless steel surface, while the surface of another shaft, preferably the shaft 50, is covered with an elastic material that does not adhere.

[00185] The vibration shutter 132 helps to avoid significant accumulation of the cement layer 46 on the gate 132 and controls the thickness of the cement paste 46 located on the dosage ladder 48. The vibration shutter 132 can be easily removed from the wall mount for cleaning and maintenance. A more detailed description of the vibration shutter can be found in the attached application No. 11/555655, which is under consideration, filed on November 1, 2006, and is fully incorporated by reference in this description.

[00186] As a rule, the dispenser 44 of the cement dough has a pair of relatively solid side walls 54 (one shown), preferably made of or coated with a non-adherent material, such as THERMOY® or the like. The side walls 54 do not permit the cement mortar 46, poured into the gap 52, to flow outside the dispenser 44 of the cement paste. The side walls 54, which are preferably attached to the support frame 12 (Figure 2), are in close connection with the edges 48, 50 to hold the cement dough 46. However, the side walls 54 are provided at a distance from the shafts, so as not to affect their rotation.

An important property of the present invention is that the dispenser 44 of the cement titanates a 26-even layer of the cement paste 46 relative to the controlled thickness. The proper thickness of the layer varies from 0.16 to 0.25 inches. However, since in the CEMENT BRON PANEL, manufactured by the production line 10, the preferred two layers, and the suitable panel has a thickness of 0.5 inches, then the particularly preferred thickness of the cement layer is within 0.25 inches. However, for the target thickness of the panel, about 0.53 ", the standard thickness of the layer is usually closer to about 0.265 inches on each of the two forming units.

[00188] Thus, the corresponding distance between the vibration shutter 132 and the main dispensing sleeve 48 can be set so as to adjust the thickness of the cement paste to be applied.

[00189] In order to ensure uniform application of the cement paste 46 across the grid 26, the cement paste 46 is delivered to the cement dosing dispenser 44 through a hose 56 or a similar tubing connected to the first end with the outlet of the mixer of the tank 47 or cement dough. The second end of the hose 56 is connected to a reciprocating side-to-side motion having a cable car, a hydraulic dispenser of the type, which is well known in the art. The cement dough flowing from the hose 56 is thus poured into the dispenser 44 by the reciprocating motion from the side to the side to fill the reservoir defined by the shafts 48, 50 with the side walls 54 of the dosing unit 44 of the cement paste.

[00190] The rotation of the dosing shaft 48 extracts a layer of cement dough 46 from the reservoir defined by the shafts 48, 50 and the side walls 54 of the cement dough dispenser.

[00191] Another property of this feeding apparatus 44 is that the main dosing shaft 48 and the accompanying shaft 50 are both driven in the same direction, which minimizes the possibility of premature tensile strength of the cement dough on the respective moving external surfaces. An inspection system (not shown) that Includes a hydraulic, electric or other suitable motor that is connected to the main dosing shaft 48 or the accompanying shaft 50 to drive the shaft (shaft) in motion in the same direction, clockwise, as seen in FIG. 2. As is known the level of technology, can be driven by any one of the shafts 48, 50, and another shaft can be connected by means of pulleys, belts, chain and chain wheels, toothed clutch or other known technology of mechanical drive to maintain a positive and simple-rotate interconnection.

[00192] When the cement paste 46 on the outer surface of the shaft 48 moves towards the moving moving carrier 26, it is important that all the cement dough be placed on the grid and not move back upward towards the gap 52. Such a move upwards would contribute

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premature tightness of the cement dough 46 on the shafts 48, 50 and would prevent a smooth movement of the cement dough from the tank 57 onto the supporting net 26.

[00193] In order to prevent this move upward, the dispenser 44 of the cement paste is a bifurcated knife 134, located between the main dosing shaft 48 and the carrier mesh 26. The bell knife 134 ensures that the cement dough 46 uniformly covers the fiberglass layer on the nets 26 and does not continue to move back. up to the gap 52 and the supply reservoir 57. The rocket knife 134 also helps to retain the main dosing shaft 50 free from premature stupor of a high cement paste 46.

[00194] The blade knife 134 removes the cement dough from the surface of the dosing shaft 48 as a wire used in the process described in US Pat. No. 6,986,812 to Yuyuuu ei ai. The razor blade 134 also serves to collect the cement paste 46 into a uniform layer or curtain and direct the cement dough 46 downward in the direction of the mesh to a point of about 1.0 to 1.5 inches (from 2.54 to 3.81 cm) above the glass fiber layer on the grid , in order to evenly cover the fiberglass with a cement test 46. This is especially important when using a more liquid cement paste for the coating of a fiberglass layer, since more liquid cement doughs have the property to drain over the wires.

[00195] PROCESSING BELOW LINE OF THE CEMENT TESTING APPARATUS

[00196] Referring again to FIG. 2, will briefly describe other functional components for the production of CEMENT BROWN PANES, but in more detail, they are described in the following documents:

[00197] U.S. Pat. No. 6986812, Yuyuuu ei ai, entitled "APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FABRICS OF CERTAIN CERAMIC PANELS", is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety; and

[00198] The following, which are simultaneously under consideration and belong to the same copyright holder for patent applications of the United States, as fully incorporated herein by reference:

[00199] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2005/0064164 A1, Yuyuuu ei ai, application No. 10/666294, entitled "MULTIPLICATION PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING AND MANUFACTURING HIGH-FABRIC FABRICS OF DESIGN CEMENT PANELS";

[00200] Publication of the United States Patent Application No. 2005/0064055 A1, Rogueg, application No. 10/665541, entitled "INSTALLATION DEVICE FOR SOLUTION FABRIC FIBERS";

[00201] Publication of the United States Patent Application No. 2008/0101150, application No. 11/555655 entitled "METHOD FOR VEGETABLE MIXTURE OF CEMENT TEST FOR ARTIFICIAL WAVES OF DESIGNED CEMENT PANELS", filed November 1, 2006.

[00202] Publication of the US Patent Application No. 2008/0101151, application No. 11/555658, entitled "APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR VEGETABLE MIXING OF CEMENT CLEANED FIBERS OF DESIGNED CEMENT PANELS", filed November 1, 2006.

Publication of US Patent Application No. 2008/0099133, application No. 11/555661, which has the name "PROCESS OF CLEANING PANELS AND APPARATUS FOR FORMATION OF SUCCESSFUL SURFACE ON ARMED FIBERS OF CONSTRUCTION CEMENT PLANES", filed November 1, 2006.

[00204] Publication of the United States Patent Application No. 2008/0110276, application No. 11/555665, which has the title "TOWN LABEL FOR VEGETABLE CEMENT TYPE AND YUGATING METHOD", filed November 1, 2006;

Publication of the United States Patent Application No. 2007/0110970 A1, YuYeuu, application No. 11/591793, entitled "MULTIPLICATION PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING AND MANUFACTURING FABRICS OF FABRICS OF CONSTRUCTION CEMENT PANELS IN A FIXED FIBER COMPOSITION", filed November 1, 2006;

[00206] Publication of the United States Patent Application No. 2007/0110838 A1, Rogueg et al., Application No. 11/591957, entitled "INSTALLING RACKING DEVICE", filed November 1, 2006.

[00207] INSTALLING DEVICE

[00208] A plurality of inserting devices, including spike rollers, are provided, but without limiting them, in this embodiment, the insertion device 70 shown in FIG. 2A, it includes, at least, a pair of generally parallel shafts 72 arranged in a transverse direction of movement of the conveyor 14 to the frame 12. Each shaft 72 is equipped with a plurality of discs 74 relative to a large diameter axially spaced apart from the "β" of about 0.1 to about 0.25 inches (from 0.25 to 0.63 cm), for example, 0.15 inches (0.38 cm) from each other on a shaft with discs of small diameter 76, with large and smaller disks located on the same axis.

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During the production of the CEMENT BROWN PAPER, the shafts 72 and the discs 74 are rotated about each other along the longitudinal axis of the shaft 72. As is well known in the art, there may be one or both shafts 72 in the drive motor. If only one shaft 72 has an engine drive, the other can be driven by belts, chains, gears or other known technology of mechanical transmission in order to maintain the direction and speed that respond to a shaft driven by an engine. Relevant drives 74 of adjacent, preferably equalizing shafts 76 come in contact with each other and engage each other to create an action of "mixing" or "massaging" in a cement test that embeds previously applied fibers 68. In addition, the close, invoice and rotational interaction of discs 74 prevents the accumulation of cement Dough 46 on disks and actually creates the effect of "self-cleaning", which significantly reduces the downtime of the production line, associated with premature toughening or condensation of cement dough. In this process, disks 74 are located at a distance of 0.1-0.25 inches (0.25-0.63 cm), such as 0.15 inch (0.38 cm) apart, compared with a distance of 0.05- 0,1dyuyma (0,13-0,25 cm) for putting drives that are used in the production bilshlehkovahyh structural cement panels to allow zmishuvatyvidnosno homogeneous paste this heavy and large amount of glass fibers that give dokozhnoho layer paste .

[00210] The engaging interaction of the discs 74 on the shafts 72 includes a very close arrangement of the opposing perimeters of the small diameter discs (not shown) and the major large discs 74 relative to the large diameter, which also contributes to self-cleaning. Since the discs 74 are rotatable relative to each other in great proximity (but mostly in one direction), the particles of the solution are difficult to be trapped by the apparatus and prematurely strangulate. With two sets of disks 74 shifted side by side with each other, the cement paste 46 is supplied with multiple destructive effects, which creates a "stirring" action that additionally adds fibers 68 to the cement paste 46.

[00211] An embodiment of the insertion device 70 suitable for use in the production line 10 is more fully disclosed in US Patent Application No. 10 / 665,541, which is simultaneously pending, filed September 18, 2003, published as ıδ2005 / 0064055 entitled " INSTALLATION DEVICE FOR ARRANGED FIBER-FLEXIBLE TISSUE "and incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[00212] The disks on the inserter used to produce the cement bronze panels of the present invention are located at a distance of from about 0.1 to about 0.25 inches (0.25 to 0.63 cm), typically 0.15 inches (0, 38 cm) from each other due to the vaginal cement dough and the relatively large amount of reinforcing fiber used in this invention as compared with a distance of about 0.05 inches (0.13 cm), the distance between the discs 74 used in the inserter, 70 for The embedding of smaller quantities of reinforcing fibers in each layer of a constructive cement tion panel in the manufacturing process polehshenoyikonstruktyvnoyi cement panels in the above patent application publication US №2005 / 0064055 A1 Rohyieh, application number 10/665541.

[00213] CONSTRUCTION OF ADDITIONAL LAYERS

[00214] When the fiber 68 is embedded, the first layer 77 of the panel 92 is complete. In a preferred embodiment, the height or thickness of the first layer 77 is in the approximate range from 0.25 to 0.27 inches. As it was found, in combination with similar layers in a cementboard panel, this range provides the desired strength and hardness.

[00215] In order to create a constructive cementitious panel of desired thickness, as rule, additional layers are added. For this purpose, a second dispenser of a cement dough is provided, essentially the same as a dispenser 44, which is in an operational relationship with the conveyor 14 and is placed for application of an additional layer 80 of cement paste 46 to an existing layer 77.

[00216] Subsequently, in the operational relationship with the frame 12, an additional suction means 82 is provided, essentially identical to the juices 36 and 66, to apply a third layer of the supplied rags 68 (not shown), made and placed relative to the frame 12, like the rail 31 The fibers 68 are deposited on the cement dough layer 80 and embedded with the second inserting device 86. Similar in structure and arrangement with the insertion device 70, the second inserting device 86 is mounted a bit higher relative to the moving conveyor belt 14 so as not to disturb the first layer 77. T Somebody way, a second layer 80 tsementnohotista and attached fibers.

[00217] Referring now to FIG. 2, with each subsequent layer of placed cement foam and fibers on the production line 10, an additional cement feedstock 78 is installed, followed by a filament yarn 82 and an insertion device 86. In a preferred embodiment

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Implementation for the formation of a cement armor panel provided with two full layers covered with the final layer of cement paste.

[00218] The final layer of cement paste is applied to layer 80 at the third station 78 for supplying the cement paste to create a finishing supplementary layer 88 passing through the bar finisher 146 to align the upper surface of the cement paste and to create a uniform layer 98 with a nominal thickness of about 0, 5 inches, before the cement dough is cut into bits (usually 8 ft pieces) with a cutting plate 98.

[00219] An important property of the present invention is that the panel has several layers, which, after abrasion, will form a solid mass-reinforced fiber. Assuming that the presence and placement of fibers in each layer is controlled and maintained within the framework of certain desired parameters, as disclosed and described in this document, it will be virtually impossible to straighten the panel 92 made by the given process.

[00220] FORMATION, CUTTING AND CUTTING

[00221] After applying two layers of fiber cementitious cement paste as described above, to form the upper surface 96 of the panel 92, the frame 12 is provided by a forming device such as a fence fin.

[00222] However, molding devices that scrape an excessive layer of cementitious bone panels are not desirable. For example, molding devices such as spring or vibration plates, or vibration alignment bars, designed to align the panel with the desired spatial characteristics, are not used with cement armor panels as they scrape an excessive layer of cement armor panel material. Such devices scratched or aligned the surface of the panel inefficiently. They would not align it to smooth it, but would lead to the fact that the fiberglass would begin to handle and spoil the surface of the panel.

[00223] In particular, the production line 10 may comprise an anti-aliasing device, also referred to as a fire-shaped beam 146, in which the support frame 12 is equipped to smoothly smooth the top surface 96 of the panel 92. By applying vibration to the cement paste 46, the smoothing bar-finisher 146 promotes the spread of fibers 30, 68 on the panel 92 and provides a more uniform top surface 96.

[00224] At this stage, the cement dough layers have already begun tow, and the respective panels 92 are separated from each other by a cutting device 98, which in a typical embodiment is a water jet cutter. Other cutting devices, including blades, are considered suitable for this operation, assuming that they can create suitable sharp edges in this panel composition. The cutting device 98 is located relative to the line 10 and the frame 12 so that the panels are produced having the desired length, usually 8 feet. Since the speed of the grid of the conveyor 14 is relatively low, the cutting unit 98 can be mounted so as to cut perpendicularly to the direction of moving the grid 14 pieces by 8 feet. Then the panels are allowed to dry for 8-72 hours after the wet casting of the cement dough, that is, after

[00225] The production line 10 includes a sufficient number of fiber-opacifying plants 36, 66, cement dough feeder installations 44, 78 and embedding devices 70, 86 to produce at least two layers. Additional layers may be made by repeating the installations described above in relation to the production line 10.

[00226] In order to obtain a cement armored panel with both equal faces and sides, both the upper and lower faces of the panel, with a size of 4 feet by 8 feet, are polished and then, if necessary, sprayed to the desired value, usually about 2 2 feet to about 4 by 8 feet, for example, 2.5 feet by 4 feet.

[00227] The cut panels are then coated with a sticky substance, usually in the pressed runners, and then placed a reinforcing coating on the surface of the panel and then passed through a different pair of clamping rollers to laminate the covering reinforcing layer to the cement core. The panels then turn over, and the lamination procedure is repeated for the other side of the TEXT BROWN PANELS

[00228] In one embodiment, the cement panel may be polished, and then the adhesive material and the fiber-reinforced polymer coating may be applied to the entire cement core, and then the cement armor with PPP coating may be passed through a padfinder or a bundle.

Controlled speed of compressive strength development

[00230] As a rule, the cement composition is maintained to achieve a controlled compressive strength strength. It is desirable to obtain a cement composite

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a material of ultra-high strength for up to 5 days with compressive strength preferably less than 4000 psi, more preferably less than 3000 psi, and most preferably less than 2000 psi, and ending 28 days or more, so that the compressive strength exceeds 20,000 psi.

[00231] For example, some desired speeds of controlled compressive strength development are given in TABLE 21.

Table 21

<tr><td><p>Controlled speed of compressive strength development</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Speed ​​of development of compressive strength</p></td><td><p>Preferable type</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Cement composite material of ultrahigh strength with a 1-day strength with compression is preferably less than 4000 psi, more preferably less than 3000 psi, and most preferably less than 2000 psi, and the strength of compression of the 28-dayterm and more - more than 20,000 psi.</p></td><td><p>Predominant</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Cement composite material of ultra-durability with a 2-day strength with compression is preferably less than 4000 psi, more preferably less than 3000 psi, and most preferably less than 2000 psi, and the strength of compression of the 28-dayterm and more - more than 20,000 psi.</p></td><td><p>More</p><p>prevailing than the previous one</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Cement composite material of ultra-high strength with a 3-day strength with compression is preferably less than 4000 psi, more preferably less than 3000 psi, and most preferably less than 2000 psi, and strength at compression of the 28-dayterm and more - more than 20,000 psi.</p></td><td><p>More</p><p>prevailing than the previous one</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Cement composite material of ultra high strength with a 4-day strength with compression is preferably less than 4000 psi, more preferably less than 3000 psi, and most preferably less than 2000 psi, and strength when compressed 28-dayterm and more - more than 20,000 psi.</p></td><td><p>More</p><p>prevailing than the previous one</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>The cement composite material of ultra-high strength with a 5-day strength with compression is preferably less than 4000 psi, more preferably less than 3000 psi, and most preferably less than 2000 psi, and the strength of compression of the 28-dayterm and more - more than 20,000 psi.</p></td><td><p>Most</p><p>predominant</p></td></tr>

[00232] Coating

[00233] After a sufficient stamina, the cut panels are usually covered with adhesive substance, usually with the help of clamping rollers, then the reinforcing coating is placed on the top surface of the panel, and then distilled through another pair of clamping rollers to lay a layer of reinforcing coating on the cement core. Then the panel turns over, and the lamination procedure is repeated for the other side of the panel.

[00234] In one embodiment, the cement panels are sanded, then the adhesive material and the fiber reinforced with the polymeric coating is superimposed on the still wet cement core, and then the cement panel with a GRP coating is distilled under a finisher or shaft.

[00235] The use of a product according to the present invention

[00236] The selected embodiments of the present invention are suitable for the manufacture of inexpensive constructive panels, such as thin concrete armor panels, which can be used for vehicles, as well as for stationary constructions. Constructive armor panels can be formed or extruded to a thickness previously considered impractical, thanks to improved hardness and strength of the embodiments of the present invention. For example, panels can be received in such a size and thickness, to ensure the possibility of their transfer. These transfer panels can be provided with a form for joining a constructive frame for preventing the penetration of a shot from a hand-held weapon and weakening the explosive and fragmentation effects.

[00237] In the armed forces, a variety of protective materials are used, starting from the earth's embankment and ending with high-intensity lightweight ballistic ceramics. An embodiment of the present invention, which properly shapes the form, additionally portable products offer a low-cost defense solution. The use of the embodiments of the present invention include, but is not limited to, military and governmental applications: very high-quality cement compositions included in inexpensive ballistic armor; lightweight structural profiles such as plates, channels, tubes, tubes, twin-beam beams and cross-beam rolling profiles; connecting elements; protective structures; explosion-proof panels; fragile defense of military equipment; reinforcement of armored vehicles, structural elements resistant to hacking, etc.

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[00238] For commercial consumers: products of building constructions, such as: roof tiles, wall panels, floor tiles, etc .; lightweight structural profiles, such as: plates, channels, pipes, tubes, two-beam beams and wide-angle rolling profiles; stable doragans and tornado structural elements, resistant to structural elements, etc.

[00239] EXAMPLES:

[00240] The rheological properties and self-alignment behavior of the cement compositions of the present invention are characterized by the use of a sedimentation test. In a sedimentation test used in subsequent experiments, an empty cylinder of 5.08 cm (2 inches) in diameter and a length of 10.16 cm (4 inches) was used that held vertically on a smooth plastic surface. The cylinder is filled with a top-cement mixture, after which remove excess material from the upper surface for removal of excess liquid mixture. Then the cylinder is carefully lifted upright toto allow the liquid cement dough to emerge from the bottom and spill over the plasticurface for the formation of a round cake. The diameter of the cake is then measured and recorded as the settling material.

[00241] For the application of generally accepted, highly effective production methods for obtaining products on the basis of cement, it is necessary that the cement dough has a value of settling less than 12.7 cm (5 inches), since the cement paste with a deposition value of more than 12.7 cm (5.0 inches) greatly impedes its use and its processing with the use of conventional methods of production.

[00242] The influence of the parameters of different types of raw materials on the rheological properties and behavior of the equilibrium were determined using a test for determination of precipitation in the examples described below.

Example 1

Desiccation was measured by pouring a cement paste into a cylinder, 2 inches in diameter and 4 inches high (open on both sides and placed on one of them on a flat smooth surface), and the alignment of the upper part of the cement dough. This provides a given volume cement dough for each test. Then the cylinder was immediately lifted and the cement dough was released from the open bottom of the cylinder. This action formed a round "cake" of a cement paste. The diameter of this cake is measured in inches and recorded. A liquid cement dough will, as generally, make cakes of larger diameter.

TABLE 3 shows the effect of the content of quartz sand, as an inorganic mineral filler, on the precipitation of cement mixtures. The content of other raw materials in various mixtures remained constant. As the results show, the precipitation of cement mixturesdecreases with an increase in the content of silicon sand in the mixture.

[00246] Typical formulations for mixtures in TABLES 3-7 are shown in the above TABLE 1.

Table 3

<tr><td><p>Mixture</p></td><td><p>The content of inorganic mineral filler, such as quartz sand *</p></td><td><p>Dimensions in inches (cm)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Mixture 1</p></td><td><p>1.82</p></td><td><p>3 inches (7.6 cm)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Mixture 2</p></td><td><p>1.35</p></td><td><p>5 inches (12.7 cm)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Mix 3</p></td><td><p>0.85</p></td><td><p>7 inches (17.8cm)</p></td></tr>

* The content of quartz sand is expressed by its weight ratio relative to common cement materials, where inorganic cement binder (portland cement) and pozzolanium microfiller (silica dust) are considered as cement materials in the composition. For example, for a mixture of 1, for each 1 weight part of the combined inorganic cement knotty and pozzolanic filler are 1.82 parts by weight of quartz sand.

Example 2

TABLE 4 shows the effect of the size of quartz sand particles on the precipitation of cement mixtures. Two types of quartz sand were used: the first - with an average particle size of about 200 microns and the second - with an average particle size of about 10 microns. Other raw materials were kept constant. As shown in the table, the precipitation of cement mixtures significantly decreased with the use of a composition of finer quartz sand.

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Table 4

<tr><td><p>Mixture</p></td><td><p>Type of inorganic mineral filler</p></td><td><p>Dimensions in inches (cm)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Mixture 4</p></td><td><p>Large quartz sand with an average particle size of 200 microns</p></td><td><p>7 inches (17.8cm)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Mixture 5</p></td><td><p>Small quartz sand with an average particle size of 10 microns2</p></td><td><p>2 inches (5.1 cm)</p></td></tr>

¹ Large quartz sand - unreftened silica, which is designated in the USA "Ziisis R-55"

² Small quartz sand - ground silica, which is designated in the USA "Ziisis M1Y-i-51b40"

Example 3

[00250] TABLE 5 shows the effect of the content of the microfiller from pozzolanum cement and silica dust on the deposition of the cement mixture with the support of all other rawmaterials constant. It can be observed that the precipitation of cement mixtures decreases with

an increase in the content of silica dust in the mixture.

Table 5

<tr><td><p>Mixture</p></td><td><p>The content of silica dust</p></td><td><p>Dimensions in inches (cm)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Mixture 6</p></td><td><p>15%</p></td><td><p>9.5 inches (22.8)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Mix 7</p></td><td><p>25%</p></td><td><p>6 inches (15.2)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Mix 8</p></td><td><p>35%</p></td><td><p>3 inches (7.6)</p></td></tr>

and the content of silica dust is expressed in weight. % of total cement materials, de-petland cement and quartz sand are cement mixtures. For example, the mixture 6 contains 15 parts by weight of silica dust and 85 weight parts of the combination of porcelain cement and quartz sand.

[00251] Example 4

[00252] TABLE 6 shows the effect of self-leveling agent on cement mortar deposition. Two types of chemical impurities were used: compounds based on carboxylate and polynaphthalenesulphate chemistry with unchanged other remaining materials. The precipitation of a mixture containing impurities based on the polycarboxylate chemistry was significantly higher than that of mixtures

15 contain an admixture based on polynaphthalenesulfonate.

Table 6

<tr><td><p>Mixture</p></td><td><p>Self-leveling agent (weight% of general Portland cement and silica dust)</p></td><td><p>The content of self-leveling agent (weight% of total porcelain cement and silty dust)</p></td><td><p>Settlement in inches (cm)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Mixture 9</p></td><td><p>Abua® Saci Polycarboxylate (SH.R.Scase, Columbia, Maryland)</p></td><td><p>3.0</p></td><td><p>6.75 inches (17.1)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Mixture 10</p></td><td><p>OIORORO HS 402 Polina Naphthalene Sulfonate (Seo Zresiaio Sitiasis, Horsham, Pennsylvania 19044)</p></td><td><p>3.0</p></td><td><p>3.0 inches (7.6)</p></td></tr>

[00253] For example, for a mixture of 9, for every 100 parts by weight of the total Portland cement and silicon dust, there are 3.0 parts by weight of self-leveling agent.

20 [00254] Example 5

[00255] TABLE 7 shows the effect of the content of self-leveling self-leveling agent polycarboxylate sedimentation agent for mixtures which otherwise are the same. You can see that the proportion increases with an increase in the amount of agent used in the mixture.

24

iA 100726 C2

Table

<tr><td><p>Mixture</p></td><td><p>Abua Sazi content of polycarboxylate (weight% of total porcelain cement and silica dust)</p></td><td><p>Settlement in inches (cm)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Mixture 11</p></td><td><p>1.0</p></td><td><p>3.0 (7.6)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Mixture 12</p></td><td><p>2.0</p></td><td><p>6.75 inches (17.1)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Mix 13</p></td><td><p>3.0</p></td><td><p>9.0 inches (22.9)</p></td></tr>

Example 6

[00257] TABLE 8 shows the compressive strength of cementitious compositions of the present invention. You can notice that these mixtures give ultra-high strength at compression, usually more than 20,000 psi.

The settling was measured as follows: a brass cylinder height of 4 inches and a 2 inch diameter was filled with a mixture; the upper edge of the cylinder was aligned to remove excess material; The cylinder was lifted for 5 seconds to allow the cement dough to crack and measure the diameter of the cake formed from the cement dough. Compression strength determined on 2-inch dice, in accordance with the test method in the A8TM S109. Loss of mobility and compressive strength growth were measured over a period of up to 7 hours and up to 7 days, respectively. The compressive compression strength of these mixtures was also evaluated for the accelerated hardening with 7-day samples immersed in water with a temperature of 140 ° F (60 ° C), followed by a 4-day drying in a ventilated oven at 175 ° F (79.4 ° C ), followed by cooling and testing.

Table 8

<tr><td><p>Ingredient</p></td><td><p>Results</p></td><td><p>Mixture 1406/17/05 (wt%)</p></td><td><p>Mix 1501/24/06 (wt%)</p></td><td><p>Mixture 1603/10/06 (wt%)</p></td><td><p>Blend 1704/04/06 (wt%)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Portland cement</p><p>inorganic cement binder type</p><p>1</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>37.0</p></td><td><p>37.6</p></td><td><p>37.0</p></td><td><p>37.0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Microfiller from silica powder and putsolan</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>6.5</p></td><td><p>6.6</p></td><td><p>6.5</p></td><td><p>6.5</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Quartz sand¹ (large quartz sand, which is denoted in the USA, 8Iiisa R-55 non-mineral siliceous) inorganic mineral filler</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>45.7</p></td><td><p>46.5</p></td><td><p>45.7</p></td><td><p>45.7</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Polycarboxylate polyester AbouSaSi 500® chemical self-leveling agent</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>2.2</p></td><td><p>2.2</p></td><td><p>1.5</p></td><td><p>1.3</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Water</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>8.7</p></td><td><p>7.1</p></td><td><p>9.3</p></td><td><p>9.6</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p>Settlement in inches (cm)</p></td><td><p>8.0</p></td><td><p>8.0</p></td><td><p>8.0</p></td><td><p>8.0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p>Durability at</p></td><td><p>20990</p></td><td><p>20119</p></td><td><p>20963</p></td><td><p>21026</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p>compression into</p></td><td><p>(144.7</p></td><td><p>(138.7</p></td><td><p>(144.5</p></td><td><p>(145 MPa)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p>rz (MPa)</p></td><td><p>MPa)</p></td><td><p>MPa)</p></td><td><p>MPa)</p></td></tr>

Example 7

[00260] The panels based on cement fiber reinforced material were manufactured using a self-leveling cement composition of the present invention with lime-resistant fiberglass, using a spray method.

[00261] When using a spraying method, a cement paste can be combined with abrasive fibers in several ways in order to obtain a homogeneous mixture. Fiberglass, as generally, is presented in the form of strings, cut into short pieces. In the preferred embodiment, the cement dough and cut fiber are simultaneously sprayed into the formwork panel. To create thin layers, preferably a thickness of up to about 0.25 inches, they are built into a homogeneous plate that does not have a special structure and thickness of% to 1 inch, predominantly spraying in several steps. For example, in one of the applications, the panel

25

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the size of 3 x 5 feet was made in six measures of spraying in directions of length and width. As the aggregate of each layer is deposited, you can use a roller to make sure that the cement dough and fiberglass have reached a close contact. After the rolling stage, layers can be equaled by a rule or other suitable means.

As a rule, for spraying a cement dough, compressed air is used. As a result of the appearance of the spray tip, the cement dough is mixed with the glass fibers cut off from the ribs by a slurry mechanism mounted on the spray gun. The homogeneous mix of cement dough with glass fibers stays in the formwork panel, as described above.

[00263] The nominal thickness of the manufactured panels was% inches, and the fractional fraction was 3%. TABLE 9 shows the characteristics of bending reinforced fibers of high-strength cement compositions that are self-aligned. Warehouse TABLES 9 - a mixture of 17 TABLES 8. The modulus of the elasticity of panels exceeded 5 thousand KGS (thousands of pounds per square inch), which is almost twice as long as the elastic modulus of materials of cementmaterial of normal strength and high density. The strength of the bend of fiber reinforced panels was more than 3000 psi. For the modulus of elongation, a method of testing AδΤM C1325 was used, and the method of testing ΑδΤΜС947 was used for bending strength.

Table 9

<tr><td><p>Ingredients</p></td><td><p>Composition Composition (weight%)</p></td><td><p>Trial</p></td><td><p>Results</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Portland cement type 1</p></td><td><p>37.0</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Silica dust</p></td><td><p>6.5</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Quartz sand (large quartz sand, which is designated in the United States - Ziis E-55 non-quartz silica)</p></td><td><p>45.7</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Abua Sazi 500® polycarboxylate self-smoothing agent</p></td><td><p>1.3</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Water</p></td><td><p>9.6</p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>Modulus of elongation of elasticity (xi)</p></td><td><p>5140 xi</p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td><td><p>Bending strength (rz)</p></td><td><p>3105 rgi</p></td></tr>

Examples with triethanolamine (TEA) and tartaric acid

[00265] The following examples are provided to illustrate the benefits of using additives of a superior alkanolamine, triethanolamine and predominant acid, tartaric acid in the desired dosages. All mixtures contain Portland cement and silica dust as cementing components with a relative weight ratio of 0.85 to 0.15 and quartz sand as filler with a weight ratio of 1.05 to 1.00 relative to the cementing components. The water was used at a weight ratio of 0, 22 to 1.00, relative to cementing components. Said chemical impurities of carboxylated polyester superplasticizer, triethanolamine (TEA 99 Ι_ον / Eghe Sgabe (LES) 85% TEA and 15% water) and tartaric acid were added in the amounts listed in the following examples to control the fluidity of the mixture, the hardening time and strength growth.

[00266] All ingredients were pretreated in sealed plastic bags at 75-80 ° E for at least 24 hours prior to mixing in a Hobart mixer, at high speed, to achieve a uniform dispersion. The increase in temperature in the mixtures was measured using thermocouples embedded in samples of each mixture weighing 350 grams attached to the data collection system. The initial and final confinement time was determined with the use of Gilmor needles, according to the method of ΑδΤΜ C 266.

[00267] The compression strength and compression strength were determined in accordance with the methods of the tests described above in Example 6.

Example 8

[00269] Three mixtures were obtained according to the above procedure, using a superplasticizer at 3 wt. % of cementing components, to control the fluidity of the mixture, andhydric acid at 0 wt. % (control), 0.15 wt. % and 0.30 wt. % of cementing components. TEA was not added to the samples of mixtures. Deposition of mixtures, as has been determined,

26

iA 100726 C2

It is 7.5 inches (19.1 cm) for control, 10.3 inches (26.2 cm) for a mixture containing 0.15% tartaric acid and 10.8 inches (27.4 cm) for the mixture, containing 0.30% tartaric acid.

[00270] FIG. 3 shows the behavior of the mixtures when the temperature rises during the first 30 hours after pouring. FIG. 3 shows that the mixtures with the addition of tartaric acid do not exhibit tensile strength during the first 24 hours compared to the control mixture, which was cooled down for about 10 hours.

[00271] FIG. 4 shows compressive strength growth for 7 days. FIG. 4 shows that mixtures with tartaric acid had a slower compressive strength growth rate in the first few days after mixing compared to control, but on the 7th day, mixtures of 0.15% and 0.30% tartaric acid yielded higher strengths ( 19346 and 23759, respectively) in comparison with the control (19065 RZ).

[00272] Example 9

[00273] In this example, the effects of the combined addition of both the tartaric acid and the TEM have been evaluated. All mixtures contained cementing components, water and superplasticizer, in the proportions indicated in Example 8, and the TEM was added to all mixtures in the proportion of 0.045 wt. % of portland cement Wine acid contained in proportions of 0 wt. %, 0.30 wt. % and 0.40 wt. % of cementing components. The composition of the mixture, as measured, is 5.9 inches (15.0 cm), 9.9 inches (25.1 cm) and 9.3 inches (23.6 cm) for control and samples with a tartaric acid content of .30% and 0.40%, respectively. It was measured and shown in FIG. 5 loss of mobility for these mixtures. FIG. 5 shows that the addition of tartaric acid to the TEA resulted in increasedmobility of the mixture (more than 20-3 additional hours), followed by a sharp loss of mobility, after approximately 2 hours for 0,

[00274] This long, compared with control, period of the ability to easy stacking gives enough time to form and crop along the formation of the panel, while softening immediately after the loss of mobility (3-4 hours) allows you to transport and use the panels after the formation without precipitation A mixture of non-tartaric acid in a rapid loss of mobility during the first half an hour after mixing, and remained in a good plastic state until it was tensed after about 10-11 hours.

[00275] FIG. 6 shows the behavior of the temperature rise of the three mixtures in the first 30 hours after pouring. This demonstrates a relatively quick fixation of mixtures containing tinacetate.

[00276] FIG. 7 shows strength growth during compression of test mixtures within the first 2-3 days after mixing. Mixtures containing tartaric acid have shown slower growth of vitamins, which gives more time to handle the panels. On the 7th day, both mixtures with the tin acid reached a strength of about 10% higher than that of the control mixture. The strength of accelerated stupendous mixtures with the content of tartaric acid 0%, 0.30% and 0.40% was 22549.22847 and 20418 pgs, respectively.

[00277] Example 10

[00278] The mixtures were prepared using cement and water components in proportions similar to those in Examples 8 and 9. The tartaric acid was added with a content of 0.40 wt. % of the titanium components, and the TEM was added to the content of 0.045 wt. % of Portland cement. The amount of superplasticizer (CL) varied at levels 1, 2 and 3 weights. % of cementing components. As a result, the aggregate settling was 8.8 inches (22.4 cm), 9 inches (22.9 cm) and 10.3 inches (26.2 cm) for 1%, 2%, and 3% CR mixtures, respectively. For an acceptable lung capability of laying a cement dough, the cone should preferably be within 5-7 inches (12.7-17.8 cm). Thus, the CL level can be reduced to 1%, that is, only one third of its original amount in other embodiments of the composition in which the tartaric acid is added to the mixture in test quantities.

[00279] FIG. 8 shows motility loss for mixtures. A mixture of 1% CI retained fluidity for about 20 minutes, which resulted in a rapid decrease in precipitation and final loss, after about 2.5 hours. Mixtures containing more CL, retained fluid for a longer period of time, but their subsidence also decreased rapidly with subsequent reduction of the mixture.

[00280] FIG. 9 shows the temperature behavior of these mixtures during the first 30 hours after formation with a slowing of temperature rise at higher levels of CL.

[00281] FIG. 10 shows strength growth when compressing these mixtures, where there was no measurable difference between them. The strength of accelerated stoichiometric mixtures with the content of CL 1%, 2% and 3% was, respectively, 26145 pp, 25714 pp and 19096 pp.

[00282] Ultra-high-strength cement composite material with 1-day durability at

27

iA 100726 C2

compression, preferably less than 4000 psi, more preferably less than 3000 psi, and most preferably less than 2000 psi, and from the 28th day, and a later period of strength greater than 20,000 to 30,000, satisfies the requirements of the controlled compressive strength growth rate, and with the highest rate of controlled strength growth at compression, in which the cement composite materials up to 5 days have a compressive strength of less than 4000 psi, and most preferably less than 2000 psi after 5 days, and 28 pips and later compression strength of at least 10,000 psi, and preferably , above 15000 r s, more preferably above 20,000 psi, and most of all, above 25,000-30000 psi.

Example 11

[00284] Mixtures containing cementing components and water in proportions similar to those described in Examples 8-10 were prepared with a content of KR of 1.5 wt. % based on cementing components and TEM content at the level of 0.045 wt. % of portland cement The content of tartaric acid varied at 0.40 wt. %, 0.80 wt % and 2.0 wt. % of the cementing component. The sedimentation of the mixtures was measured in size, making 8.8 inches (22.4 cm), 8.9 inches (22.6 cm) and 7.8 inches (19.8 cm) for a mixture of 0.40%, 0.80% and 2 , 0% -treatment of tartaric acid, respectively.

[00285] FIG. 11 shows the behavior of the loss of mobility of these mixtures. FIG. 12 shows an increase in temperature. As shown in FIG. 11 and 12, the mixture with the content of tartaric acid more than 0.80% remained plastic and not tupor in the first 24 hours.

[00286] FIG. 13 shows strength growth when compressing these mixtures, where mixtures containing 0.80% and 2.0% tartaric acid have a much lower rate of strength growth. It is more or less suitable in terms of use and treatment, especially in the first few hours after the formation. The strength was 26478 pounds, 24543 pgs and 1057 pg for accelerated stool mixes with the content of hydrochloric acid, respectively, 0.40%, 0.80% and 2, 0%. A mixture of 2,0% of tartaric acid has no acceptable increase in strength.

[00287] Example 12

[00288] A preferred embodiment of the armored panel of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1, with a high-density, ultra-high strength cement core, reinforced with separate, stable doluchu fiberglass and a thin layer material consisting of continuous fiberglass embedded in the resin and combined with a sticky substance with both surfaces of the cement kernel with an adhesive material such as polyurethane adhesive.

[00289] The thickness of half a inch, reinforced with meadows resistant to fiberglass panels with a high-strength cement core, were made in accordance with the above examples, using the flow process. The nominal volumetric particle of fibers in the panel was 3.0%. The manufactured panels were smoothly polished, and laminates with reinforced glass fiber polymer (EPP) were glued to both cement surfaces using polyurethane adhesive. The panels were tested for bending by a three-point testloading through intervals with a distance of 24 inches. Panels have tested the characteristics of the bend of panels subjected to different treatment modes. The results are given in TABLE 10.

Table 10

<tr><td><p>Toupling of the sample</p></td><td><p>Orientation</p><p>sample</p></td><td><p>Module of longitudinal elasticity (xi)</p></td><td><p>Strength of Navigin (RZ)</p></td><td><p>Maximum run (inches)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Dry</p></td><td><p>Face</p><p>the party</p><p>to the mountain</p></td><td><p>3402</p></td><td><p>8445</p></td><td><p>1.50</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Dry</p></td><td><p>Fold side down</p></td><td><p>3962</p></td><td><p>10703</p></td><td><p>1.44</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>7 days in a ventilated oven with 200T + cooling at room temperature</p></td><td><p>Face</p><p>the party</p><p>to the mountain</p></td><td><p>3516</p></td><td><p>9780</p></td><td><p>2.41</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>7 days in a ventilated oven with 200T + cooling at room temperature</p></td><td><p>Fold side down</p></td><td><p>3573</p></td><td><p>12493</p></td><td><p>2.69</p></td></tr>

[00290] As shown above in TABLE 10, the panels achieved remarkable strength properties of over 8000 psi in all cases.

[00291] For a test on reducing the speed of a projectile striking in separate panels or group of panels, folded together, cement armor panels received in accordance with this

28

iA 100726 C2

The invention uses the composition of TABLE 11.

Table 11

<tr><td><p>Ingredient</p></td><td><p>Weights %</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Portland cement, type 1</p></td><td><p>37.6</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Silica dust</p></td><td><p>6.6</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Quartz sand</p></td><td><p>46.5</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Superplasticizer AXa® Sazi500</p></td><td><p>2.2</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Water</p></td><td><p>7.1</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Resistant to glass fiber meadows (IESN-103), volumetric% particle</p></td><td><p>3.0</p></td></tr>

[00292] FIG. 14 shows a graph of the dependence of reducing the speed of a projectile of a standard size that strikes in individual cement armor panels or in a group of panels, folded together, from the surface density. Surface density is a mass per unit area test panel. FIG. 14 shows a decrease in the speed for non-panel panels of the present invention (using glass reinforcement), compared to unlined panels with steel fiber. Thus, FIG. 14 is a comparison of a very high-cement cement material of the present invention with glass fiber with a cementitious material of standard density with a steel fiber. As shown in the graph of FIG. 14, cementboard panels of the TABLE 11 of the present invention, even without reinforcing with laminate reinforced with glass fiber of polymer (GPP), reinforcing coating on their surfaces, provide better speed,

[00293] FIG. 15 represents a decrease in the speed for laminated panels of the given input (using glass reinforcement), compared with unlined panels (using glass reinforcement). Thus, FIG. 15 is a comparison of the application and the absence of the use of cladding for panels of the present invention. The data, as presented, demonstrates the contribution of adding panels to the panel relative to the reduction of speed. Schedule on the Football. 15 shows a decrease in the speed of a projectile striking two, three, and four cement armor panels of TABLE 11, having a fiber reinforced layer of polyester laminate, reinforced with Fiber Cloth Katiii AggTiI®, on both surfaces of the panel with cement kernel, compared to a similar number of folded panels together cement core, which has the same structure of the cement core,

Example 13

[00294] This example emphasizes the relative importance between δΡ and tartaric acid to provide a fluidity and self-leveling behavior. Five mixtures with cementitious components and water were evaluated in proportions similar to those in the preceding examples and with the amounts of δΡ and tartaric acid shown in TABLE 12:

Table 12

<tr><td><p>Mixture</p></td><td><p>δΡ (weight% of cementing components)</p></td><td><p>Tartaric acid (weight% of cementing components)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>1</p></td><td><p>1.7</p></td><td><p>0.40</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>2</p></td><td><p>0.9</p></td><td><p>0.40</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>3</p></td><td><p>0.0</p></td><td><p>0.40</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>4</p></td><td><p>0.0</p></td><td><p>0.80</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>5</p></td><td><p>0.0</p></td><td><p>2.00</p></td></tr>

[00295] The TEM was used for all mixtures in the normal range of 0.045% by weight of Portland cement. The sediment for these mixtures is shown in FIG. 16. It can be seen here that, despite the increased fluidity provided by the addition of tartaric acid to the mixtures, this impurity itself is insufficient to ensure proper flowability and the ability to easily put the mixture. In the absence of δΡ, inelastic, non-flowable mixtures are produced. FIG. 17 shows a loss of mobility

29

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for the mixture 1, which behaved in a similar manner to the mixtures described in the preceding examples. Also, it was measured, using Gilmor needles, the time of tufts (initial and final) for these mixtures. These results are shown in FIG. 18, where it is evident that the boundary content of the tartaric acid, which is 0.80%, the tufts of mixtures were significantly delayed (also shown in the preceding example).

Example 14

FIG. 19 shows a comparison of the cement armor panel of the present invention (without laminate) with a construction cement panel available from the "Ipiyeb 5iades of Surprise Sutras" and prepared in accordance with the publication of patent application No. 2006/0174572 filed by the United States (also without laminate), which was incorporated herein by reference. FIG. 19 is a comparison between the unlined panels of the present invention (with the use of glass molding) and unlined cement panels (using reinforcement glass). This is a comparison of a very high-strength, high-density composition of a nucleus with a less dense nucleus, having a compressive strength in the range of 2000-3000 psi, and a density in the range of 70-80 psi (pounds per cubic foot). FIG. 19 reflects the effect on reducing the speed of the nucleus of high density and strength (with reinforcing glass),

[00297] Notwithstanding that specific embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that changes and modifications can be made to them without departing from the present invention in its broader aspects as set forth in the following claims.

FORMULA INSTRUCTIONS

A method for manufacturing an explosive-strength panel, comprising the steps of:

prepare a homogeneous cement water mixture, which includes:

25-45 wc % of inorganic cement binder

in the absence of quartz flour,

35-65 wt % inorganic mineral filler with particle size from about 150 to 450 microns,

5 to 15 weights. % pozzolan filler with an average particle size less than or equal to 50 microns,

0.25-5.0 wt % self-leveling agent based on polycarboxylate and

6- 12 weights. % water

form a homogeneous mixture in a reinforced fiber cement panel;

pressed fiber-reinforced cement panel to obtain partially the stove of a cement panel,

Grinding the surface of a part of the stove of a large cement panel,

cut part of the stove cement panel to the required size,

turn part of the stove cement panel to the final stove of the cement panel.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the amount of reinforcing fiber in the amount of about 0.5-6.0% in relation to the volume of the water mixture is added to the water mixture.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the aqueous mixture comprises an alkanolamine in an amount of from about 0.005 wt. % to about 0.500 wt. % relative to the weight of the cement binder and the acid or acidic salt in the amount of about 0.10 wt. % to about 1.80 wt % relative to the total weight of the cement binder topazolan filler; with the inorganic mineral filler there is a quartz pepper, and pozzolana mineral filler is silica dust; while the polycarboxylate self-leveling agent is polyester and is present in an amount from about 0.75 to about 2.5 wt. % based on the dry weight of the cement mixture.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the pozzolan filler to the inorganic cement binder is from about 0.05 to about 0.30: 1.0; the weight ratio of the inorganic mineral filler to the total weight of the inorganic cement binder and the pozzolan filler is from about 0.75 to about 1.50: 1.0; the weight of the water to the total weight of dry reactive powders of inorganic cement binder and pozzolan filler is less than or equal to about 0.35: 1.0.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the pozzolan filler to the inorganic cement binder is from about 0.15 to about 0.20: 1.0; the weight ratio of inorganic mineral filler to the total weight of inorganic cement binder and pozzolan filler is from about 0.90 to 1.10: 1.0; and the weight ratio of the water to the total weight of dry reactive powders of inorganic cement binder and

30

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the pozzolan filler in the continuous phase is less than or equal to about 0, 20: 1.0.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the size of the inorganic filler particles is from about 250 to about 350 microns, and the average particle size of the pozzolan filler is less than about 0.1 microns.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the water cement mixture is applied to a layer of crushed glass in a transport vehicle on a continuous conveyor to form a first layer of cement dough and glass, then the second layer of crushed glass fibers is applied to the upper surface of the molded panel and the molded panel is passed through rolls for insertion in order to impose fiber in the panel,

the second layer of cement paste is applied to the second layer of cement paste and fiber, and the panel is aligned to a smooth surface by a fire-finisher before the panel glides from the cement panel.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the insertion of reinforcing fibers is carried out by passing a layer of cement paste and fibers through a roller for insertion having discs located at a distance from about 0.1 inches to about 0.25 inches (from 0.25 to 0.63 cm) from each other, which allows the fibers to be inserted into the cement material.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the composition is compressed after 2 days to compression strength from less than about 2000 pounds to about 4000 psi, and develops compressive strength by more than 20,000 psi after a 28-day period.

10. The method of claim 1, comprising the steps of:

form a homogeneous cement water mixture, which includes:

25-45 wc % of inorganic cement binder, in the absence of quartz flour,

35-65 wt % of inorganic mineral filler with a particle size of about 250-350 microns,

5 to 15 weights. % of a pozzolan filler with an average particle size of less than or equal to 0.1 microns,

1.0-1.2 wt % self-leveling agent based on polycarboxylate, triethanolamine in amounts of about 0.025 to about 0.075 wt. % relative to the weight of the cement binder, tartaric acid in an amount from about 0.40 to about 0.60 wt. % relative to the total weight cement binder and pozzolan filler, and

6- 12 weights. % water

add fiberglass reinforcing fiber in the amount of about 3,0-3,5% relative to the volume of the homogeneous mixture,

form a homogeneous mixture in a reinforced fiber cement panel;

pressed fiber-reinforced cement panel to obtain partially the stove of a cement panel,

Grinding the surface of a part of the stove of a large cement panel,

cut part of the stove cement panel to the desired size,

seal the part of the stove and the cement panel to the final stove of the cement panel, and attach a coating layer of laminate reinforced with fiberglass polyester to at least one surface of the cement panel.

31

iA 100726 C2

32

iA 100726 C2

33

iA 100726 C2

Inna acid

FEEL-

FEEL-

WINDOWS

Wine acid0.40% SM

Tartaric acid

8RZ% SM

5P1% SM

FEEL-

WINDOWS

FEEL-

WINDOWS

LIVESTOCK |_g

Time (hours)

FIG.6

FIG. 5

Time (minutes)

FIG. 8

Tea (minutes)

(. '' 11111 REMAINED

PLASTIC BEFORE FUNCTION

CHITES 11N11Y1CINO 1 (1 SUBM

20,000

18000

4000

2000-

FIG. 7

Guilty

0.30% SM

0.00% SM

WINDOWS

Wine acid'0.40% SM

Tartaric acid

Tartaric acid

0.30% SM

11.0% SM

16000

Tartaric acid

14000

0, .41% see

12000

Tartaric acid

10000

see

8000

0.40% SM

6000

34

iA 100726 C2

35

iA 100726 C2

FIG. 13

■ Cement of standard strength with steel fibers • Proposed panels

FIG.14

36

iA 100726 C2

FIG. 15

Admixture of mixtures with amine content of 8P and tartaric acid (TA)

4 (

<tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr><tr><td><p></p></td><td><p></p></td></tr>

SOLID STANDARD SOLID

% CL 0.9% CL 0.0% CL 0.0% CL 0.0%}% AND 0.40% AND 0.40% AND 0.80% AND 2.00%

FIG.6

37

iA 100726 C2

State Service of Intellectual Property of Ukraine, st. Uritskogo, 45, Kyiv, SME, 03680, Ukraine

State Enterprise "Ukrainian Institute of Industrial Property", st. Glazunova, 1, Kyiv - 42, 01601

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