Prepaints and methods of preparing paints from the prepaints

Pre-paint and method for preparing paint with the pre-paint

The present invention relates to a set of pre-coatings and a method for formulating a coating product line using the set of pre-coatings and useful coatings. The useful pre-coatings and coatings include architectural coatings, industrial coatings, paints for drawing, elastic coatings and non-plastic coatings. Adhesive paint, agglomeration stop paint, and from a set of pre-coating compositions.

Background of the invention:

For decades, professional painters/contractors and "do-it-yourself (DIY)" families have been able to choose and mix what they want at the retailer, not the manufacturer, who buys paint or paint. Paint or paint color. This postponement of product differentiation allows consumers to have more choices to find the desired color, instead of only choosing from several fixed colors provided by the manufacturer .

It is not widely used commercially, but it is well known in the paint industry that the classification of the paint composition itself should be postponed as much as possible in the paint production process. Please refer to the article by Carola Grundfelt-Forsius published in Faerg Lack Scand. 43 (2), pp. 5-6 (1997), which describes the use of intermediate products or compositions, that is, several mixtures of the original paint ingredients, After mixing it with color paint, different types or types of paint can be produced. The Grundfelt-Forsius article provides an example of the use of polyurethane binders in systems such as polymer solution systems.

Postponement of product differentiation (postponement of product differentiation) allows consumers Flexible, whether it is the color or type of the paint itself, the choice is more flexible, and at the same time it also allows manufacturers or vendors (retailers or wholesalers or distributors) to use the original paint, intermediates, and final products The inventory is reduced to a minimum.

Despite these advantages, coating manufacturers can only apply this set of delayed product classification practices to coating systems in the form of solution polymers, and cannot be used in coating systems in the form of latex polymers (latex polymer- based paint system). Since most coatings are currently prepared on the basis of latex polymer form, there is an urgent need to develop a method that can delay product classification in a latex polymer form coating system.

Due to the unstable nature of the emulsion itself, it is far more difficult to formulate stable coatings with emulsion polymers than with solution polymers. Latex polymers are quite sensitive to common solvents and surfactants in coating formulations, such as surface actives, dispersants, rheology modifiers, and co-solvents. Solution polymer, by definition, is a polymer that is soluble in the provided solvent, and there is no thermodynamic driving force that can cause polymer molecules to aggregate or become unstable. In contrast, latex polymers contain water-insoluble polymer particles. These particles require a considerable degree of surface tension modification to keep them very stable in aqueous solutions. If the changed surface tension is insufficient, the emulsified particles will be adsorbed together to form agglomerates, which will be separated from the emulsified paint. Coating formulations containing emulsification systems are quite difficult to formulate, because the surface active substances in the formulations will destroy the delicate balance of surface tension that can stabilize the emulsified particles in an aqueous medium.

The difference between the latex polymer system (also referred to as "emulsion") and the solution polymer system is detailed in the book by Temple C. Patton entitled "The fluidity of paint and the dispersion of pigment ("Paint Flow and Pigment Dispersion", New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1979, pps. 192-193)" in the book. In the book, the author describes the drying process of the two systems. The main difference lies in the length of time required for each polymer to reach an irreversible state. The time required for latex polymers to reach this state is relatively short, which makes coating systems based on latex polymers far more unstable than systems based on solution polymers. In the discussion of "solvent coatings (containing solution polymers)", the author wrote: "...When dry, the liquid carrier flows around the pigment particles instead of spreading out. This flow follows the volatile solvent. When the thin layer of paint is compressed by evaporation, it helps to compress the pigment and make it compact. Although the carrier will become viscous as the solvent evaporates, this flow phenomenon can still continue during most of the drying process. The author pointed out that solution polymers can continue to flow throughout the drying process, but latex polymers are not. The same author also pointed out: "...for emulsified suspensions, there is only a very preliminary flow phenomenon. It occurs before the emulsified particles are forced to come into close contact with each other due to the initial loss of moisture. However, this is a short but extremely short period of time. After important flow, high critical pigment volume concentration (high critical pigment volume concentration, The compression of CPVC pigments is mainly caused by plastic deformation and coalescence of latex particles. "Combination is an irreversible contact between emulsified particles. This type of irreversible contact can occur in the latex polymer based on the liquid coating, rather than in the liquid coating. State paint as the base solution polymer. Therefore, it is difficult to formulate coatings based on latex polymers.

Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a set of pre-coatings and a method of using the set of pre-coatings to formulate latex polymer-based coatings.

Coating formulation includes selecting and mixing the correct ratio of raw materials, so that the coating has unique processing and operating characteristics, and achieves the desired characteristics of the final dried coating film. The main ingredients in the emulsified coating formulation include an adhesive, opaque pigments, pigment supplements (optional), and water. Common auxiliary ingredients can include defoamers, binders, plasticizers, thickeners, non-thickening rheology modifiers, opacifiers, desiccants, anti-skinning agents, surface Active agent, fungicide, insecticide and dispersant etc. When the emulsified paint is formulated and applied to a surface, the adhesive will form a film containing pigment particles on the surface due to the evaporation of water in the paint, with or without heating; if supplements are added, the supplement particles will also be Contained in the film.

The formulation of paint is a rather complicated process, and it is not just mixing several paint components in different proportions as imagined. It involves the process of selecting the appropriate paint ingredients and proportions and mixing them according to the properties of the final desired paint. As a result, paint manufacturers need to store many different paint components and change the paint composition depending on the type of paint to be prepared during the manufacturing process.

Furthermore, the supply chain, especially paint distributors, also need to store a large number of different paint ingredients in warehouses and quality shelves, in order to provide consumers with enough choices, such as various gloss, color, external or internal paint and various Taste Quality and grade paint, etc. Therefore, it is necessary for coatings, whether large factories, small retailers or users, to formulate different types of coating formulations with limited coating ingredients, so as to reduce the number and inventory of coating ingredients used to prepare these various coatings. type.

Summary of the invention:

The "paint line" mentioned in the present invention includes at least two different paints, which can provide different dry film characteristics, that is to say, a paint has at least one distinct property different from other paints, such as Gloss, outdoor durability or color depth, etc. For example, a paint product line may include three paints with different gloss levels, two paints suitable for indoor and outdoor use, or four paints with different qualities or optimized grades, such as wipe resistance.

To give a more specific example, a paint product line can include four different paints, each of which has a different gloss in the dry film: bright, semi-gloss, satin or low-gloss, and flat. The gloss of the dried film is determined by the volume and shape of the adhesives, pigments, supplements and other ingredients in the coating.

In addition to different gloss, the paint can also be formulated into neutral color or heavy color (no or very low-level opaque pigments), uncolored (white) or colored; colored coatings can be changed by using different colored bases. There are quite a few different colors, and these colored bases can include pastel or light tones, mid tones and dark tones. These changes require a paint product line with five paints to accommodate. In addition, the coating can also be adjusted for outdoor or indoor use. Of course, we can also deploy different quality grades of paint For example, we label them according to their quality: good/standard, good/intermediate, excellent/high-level, etc.

General paint manufacturers and retailers can provide a specific range of paints, and the paint range includes at least two paint product lines. Here, "the coating range includes at least two coating product lines" refers to the definition of the different grades of the first paint product line, and the combination of the different grades of the second paint product line. All different kinds of paints in the paint range.

In order to prepare coatings covering the coating range of four coating product lines, we need to prepare coatings of four gloss levels, four coloring bases, two use types, and three quality levels. In order to cope with all possible combinations, we need to formulate 96 different coatings (4×4×2×3=96). However, some of the coatings in a coating range may be abandoned due to reasons such as small business volume or insufficient stability of the coatings. The abandoned coatings may account for 10 to 60% of the total coatings in the coating range. In addition, the characteristics of the dry film of a paint within the range of paints are substantially, but not absolute, and meet the standard definition. For example, in a paint product line with different quality grades of standard, intermediate and high grades, the glossiness of a mid-tone bright paint for outdoor use can be distinguished from different viewpoints without violating a paint defined by the present invention. scope.

The "paint" mentioned in the present invention refers to the broadest variety of substances that the term paint can represent, which includes any paint that can be applied to a surface without distinguishing whether its purpose is to decorate and/or protect. These coatings can be used as construction coatings, elastic coatings and non-sticky agglomeration termination coatings. It can be used as wall paint and applied to an outdoor insulation and finishing system (hereinafter referred to as EIFS (exterior insulation and finishing system)).

The pre-coatings in the present invention are "compatible with each other", which means that the coatings formed by mixing these pre-coatings will not show signs of colloidal instability (such as agglomeration). In the best case, when 1 liter of the pre-paint mixture is passed through a 325 mesh screen, the gum or powdery residue is less than 5 grams; in the best case, the residue is less than 1 gram. If the pre-coating, optional additives and coloring agents that can enhance the characteristics of a certain coating are completely compatible, for example, they can be mixed in any ratio without causing colloidal instability, we will mix them in any type, and then Get the paint we need. Therefore, we only need to make sure that the pre-coating, the optional additives that can enhance the characteristics of a certain coating, and the coloring agent are compatible. For example, they can be mixed in any ratio without causing colloidal instability, and we can mix them in any type. , And then get the paint we need.

In order to reduce the types of coating ingredients required to prepare a range of coatings, we need to consider the maximum critical characteristics of the coatings and pre-coatings used in the range from the viewpoint of their maximum values and semi-finished products. These pre-coatings Coatings can be combined to provide the desired characteristics. In addition, by adding coating additives that have the effect of enhancing the desired properties, the properties of the final coating can be improved or its applicability can be enhanced.

The present invention provides a set of different but compatible liquid pre-coatings, which can effectively formulate at least one coating product line. The pre-coating set includes: (i) at least one opaque pre-coating containing at least one opaque pigment (Ii) at least one extender pre-coating containing at least one pigment extender, and (iii) at least one adhesive pre-coating containing at least one latex polymer adhesive, the total number of pre-coatings is preferably 3-15.

The present invention also provides a method for preparing at least one coating product line, which includes the following steps:

(a) Prepare a set of different but compatible liquid pre-paints, which can effectively formulate at least one paint product line of paint, the set of pre-paints includes: (i) at least one opaque pre-paint containing at least one opaque pigment Coatings, (ii) at least one extender pre-coating containing at least one pigment extender, (iii) at least one adhesive pre-coating containing at least one latex polymer adhesive; and (b) pre-coating of various pre-coatings in predetermined amounts Into the container or application device to form a paint product line.

The total number of pre-paints is preferably 3-15.

The method of the present invention further comprises the step of mixing the pre-paint before, during, or after dispersing the pre-paint into the container, or before or during the pre-paint being dispersed in the application device.

The method of the present invention further includes a method for preparing a range of coatings, the coating range includes at least two coating product lines, and the method includes the following steps:

(a) Prepare a set of different but compatible liquid pre-paints, which can effectively formulate a range of paints. The set of pre-paints includes: (i) at least one opaque pre-paint containing at least one opaque pigment, ( ii) At least one of at least one pigment supplement A supplement pre-coating, (iii) at least one adhesive pre-coating comprising at least one latex polymer adhesive, and (iv) at least one additional different selected from the group of (i), (ii) and (iii) Pre-paint; and (b) Distribute these pre-paints in predetermined amounts into containers or application devices to form a paint product line.

The total number of pre-paints is preferably 4-15.

The above method may additionally include a step of mixing the pre-paint, and this mixing step may be performed before, at the same time or after the pre-paint is distributed to the container, or at the same time or after the pre-paint is distributed to the application device. In addition, these methods may also include the step of adjusting the viscosity: before each pre-paint is distributed to the container or application device, a viscosity agent, water or a mixture of the two can be added. These methods can further include the step of adding additives that can improve the properties of the final coating or enhance its applicability, including agglomerates and thickeners. These methods may further include the step of adding at least one coloring agent to the pre-paint. This method can be controlled by a computer at the paint manufacturing plant, retailer, or point of use.

In another embodiment, a group of different but mutually compatible liquid pre-paints can effectively formulate at least one paint product line. The paint product line can be used as an elastic paint. This group of pre-paints includes: (i) At least one opaque pre-paint comprising at least one opaque pigment, (ii) at least one extender pre-paint comprising at least one pigment supplement, and (iii) at least one adhesive pre-paint comprising at least one latex polymer adhesive, wherein The Tg value of the latex polymer adhesive is about less than 0°C.

The present invention further provides a method for preparing at least one coating product line of elastic coating, the method includes the following steps:

(a) Prepare a set of different but compatible fluid pre-paints, which contain: (i) at least one opaque pre-paint containing at least one opaque pigment, (ii) at least one supplementary agent containing at least one pigment supplement Pre-coating, and (iii) at least one adhesive pre-coating containing at least one latex polymer adhesive, wherein the Tg value of the latex polymer adhesive is about less than 0°C; and (b) distributing these pre-coatings in predetermined amounts to Inside the container or application device to form a paint product line.

The present invention also provides a method for preparing a range of coatings, the coating range includes at least two coating product lines of elastic coatings, and the method includes the following steps:

(a) Prepare a set of different but compatible liquid pre-paints, which can effectively formulate at least two coating product lines. The set of pre-paints includes: (i) at least one opaque pre-paint containing at least one opaque pigment , (Ii) at least one extender pre-coating containing at least one pigment extender, and (iii) at least one adhesive pre-coating containing at least one latex polymer adhesive, wherein the Tg value of the latex polymer adhesive is less than 0°C , And (iv) at least one additional different liquid pre-paint selected from the group of (i), (ii) and (iii); and (c) distribute these pre-paints in predetermined amounts into containers or application devices to Form a paint production line.

In another embodiment, a set of different but compatible fluids is provided Non-viscous pre-coatings, which can effectively formulate at least one coating product line of coatings, which can be used as fluid non-viscous agglomeration termination coatings. This set of pre-coatings includes: (i) at least one opaque pigment An opaque pre-coating, (ii) at least one extender pre-coating containing at least one pigment extender, (iii) at least one adhesive pre-coating containing at least one latex polymer adhesive, and (iv) an agglutinating agent At least one pre-paint.

The present invention also provides a method for preparing at least one non-sticky aggregation termination coating product line, which includes the following steps:

(a) Prepare a set of different but compatible fluid non-sticky pre-paints, the set of pre-paints includes: (i) at least one opaque pre-paint containing at least one opaque pigment, (ii) at least one pigment extender At least one extender pre-coating, (iii) at least one adhesive pre-coating containing at least one latex polymer adhesive, and (iv) at least one pre-coating containing one coagulant; and (b) these pre-coatings are based on The predetermined amount is distributed into the container or application device to form the paint production line.

The present invention further provides a method for preparing a range of coatings. The coating range includes at least two liquid non-viscous aggregation termination coating product lines, which includes the following steps:

(a) Prepare a set of different, but compatible, fluid and non-sticky pre-coatings, which can effectively formulate two coating product lines. This set of pre-coatings includes: (i) at least one opaque pigment containing at least one opaque pigment Pre-paint, (ii) at least one supplement containing at least one pigment supplement Pre-coating, (iii) at least one adhesive pre-coating containing at least one latex polymer adhesive, (iv) at least one pre-coating containing one coagulant, and (v) selected from (i), (ii), ( iii) and (iv) at least one additional different liquid pre-coating from the groups; and (b) distributing these pre-coatings into containers or application devices in a predetermined amount to form a coating product line.

In another embodiment, a set of different but compatible liquid pre-coatings is provided, which can effectively formulate at least one coating product line that can form colored and clear coatings. The set of pre-coatings includes: (i) at least one opaque pre-coating containing at least one opaque pigment, and (ii) at least two adhesive pre-coatings, each of which contains at least one latex polymer adhesive.

In another embodiment, a set of paint product lines that can be effectively formulated to be useful for graphic arts applications is provided. The set of pre-coatings includes: (i) at least one adhesive pre-coating containing at least one latex polymer adhesive, with a Tg value between -50°C and about 10°C; (ii) at least one latex polymer adhesive At least one adhesive pre-coating agent, with a Tg value of about 50°C to about 40°C; and (iii) at least one selective adhesive pre-coating agent containing at least one latex polymer adhesive, with a Tg value of about Between 0°C and about 65°C. The paint for graphic arts may further comprise other fluids and mutually compatible pre-paints selected from the following groups, including: (i) pre-paints containing at least one alkali-soluble resin; (ii) at least one gloss Pre-coatings of additives; (iii) Pre-coatings containing at least one wax; and (iv) Several pre-coatings containing at least one pigment dispersant.

If a paint production line is desired, that is, if one of the key When the properties (such as gloss, color base, use type or quality grade, etc.) are changed, a pre-coating composed of an opaque pre-coating (i), a supplementary pre-coating (ii) and an adhesive pre-coating Group and deploy a complete paint product line.

If you want to prepare a coating that includes one of the two coating product lines, that is, if two key characteristics are changed (for example: gloss, color base, use type or quality level, etc.), then change as desired The key properties of opacity, by at least one opaque agent (i), supplement (ii) and adhesive (iii) pre-coating, and at least one selected from opaque agent (i), supplement (ii) and adhesive (iii) Different pre-coatings are added to prepare the pre-coating.

If you want to prepare a coating that includes one of the three coating product lines, there are three key characteristics that can be changed (for example: gloss, color base, use type or quality level, etc.), we see which key properties can be changed, and Then select at least two different opaque agents, supplements or adhesive pre-paints, and add them to the pre-paint group containing (i) opaque agents, (ii) supplements and (iii) adhesive pre-paints.

If you want to prepare a coating range that includes one of the four coating product lines, there are four key characteristics that can be changed (for example: gloss, color base, use type and/or quality level, etc.), we see which key properties can be changed , In addition, select at least three different opaque agents, supplements or adhesive pre-paints, and add them to the pre-paint group containing (i) opaque agents, (ii) supplements and (iii) adhesive pre-paints.

If necessary, this process of adding additional pre-paints can also support more key feature changes.

"Other additional opaque agent, extender or adhesive pre-coating" means a pre-coating which is different from the opaque agent (i), supplement (ii) or adhesive (iii), but still within the scope of the pre-coating Other different pre-paints.

The aforementioned "paint product line" includes two or more paints, and the dried film of each paint has at least one distinct characteristic that is different from other paints. Different paints comply with at least one of the following rules: 1. The difference of the pigment volume concentration (PVC) of the two different paints is at least 2%. 2. The difference in solid volume (VS) of the two different coatings is at least 2%.

The pigment volume concentration (PVC) of a paint is a way to show the degree of binder-richness in a paint formulation. The calculation formula is as follows:<img file="TW583293B_D0001.tif" />

The solid volume (VS) of the paint is the dry pigment volume plus the dry extender volume, plus the dry adhesive volume. The calculation formula is as follows:<img file="TW583293B_D0002.tif" />If the coating contains other additives, their volume need not be included in the aforementioned total volume. In each of the above examples, we can specify a set of pre-paints, and use these pre-paints as the starting point to derive the characteristic variation range A wide range of final coatings. In many instances, these pre-paints themselves are not actually usable paints, but we can apply these pre-paints to the extreme and combine a very rich variety. When these pre-coatings, additives and coloring agents are fully compatible, they can be mixed in any ratio without causing colloidal instability; then we can mix them in any way to obtain the desired coating product line. When preparing a certain paint in a paint product line, sometimes it is not necessary to use all the pre-paints in the pre-paint group. For example, when a dark-tone paint is formulated, it is not necessary to use an opaque pigment pre-paint.

This technology is similar to the design principles used in statistical experiment design and analysis of mixed composition, except that instead of designing a mixed space that can explore and respond to the surface, we design the boundary of the mixed space to maximize the flexibility of the coating system . The key to success is to make the various components and pre-paints in the mixing space compatible with each other.

The final coating properties can be predicted by some methods. One method is to use standard mixed composition experimental design statistical tools to develop a response surface model of the mixed space. These simple statistical models can be used in linear optimization programs, huge template searches, or graphical analysis tools. Other methods include simply using empirical methods to determine the type of mixing required for a particular paint line, and then incorporating these simple empirical tips into the paint manufacturing software.

This technology can be extended to enable the paint maker to automatically pre-test certain key properties (such as viscosity, dry film gloss or color) and make minor adjustments when preparing a paint with a pre-paint. The paint maker with feedback loop can accurately provide the same color and gloss as the target Coatings with properties such as degree and viscosity.

The coating components in the pre-coating are compatible with each other. When the pre-coating is mixed into a coating, these components are also completely mixed together, and provide the characteristics of the component, so that the formed coating has the characteristics we need.

Preferably, in the method of the present invention, a liquid pre-coating with the same or similar viscosity is used, which is helpful for the mixing and blending of the coating.

The final coatings formulated by the method of the present invention have improved waterproof properties (including anti-bubble, wet adhesion and wipe resistance) compared with general coatings; this is due to the use of less stabilizers (such as surfactants, etc.) ) Because of this. In addition, the coating product line or a range of coatings prepared by this pre-coating can also react with the added coloring agent in a more expected manner, making it easier to meet the expected color, and facilitate the use Software to adjust the color. In addition, the final paint formulated, because the composition of each pre-paint is fairly even, its viscosity variability is also lower than that of ordinary paints.

The pre-paint is formulated to maximize the flexibility of paint manufacturing. For paint manufacturers and purchasers at points of sale or use (such as paint shops, paint department stores, construction companies or homeowners, etc.), instead of buying multiple paint ingredients, it is better to buy a set of pre-paints, and you can mix them out. A range of coatings required. The aforementioned group of pre-paints includes at least one pre-paint (i), (ii) and (iii) and possible additives, etc. The number of this group of pre-paints depends on the required flexibility of deployment; if necessary, the aforementioned The pre-coating can also be mixed with an additional pre-coating. The additional pre-coating can contain at least one coloring agent, such as a colored pigment or dye.

The pre-paint set and the preparation method are not limited to the preparation of latex paints, but can also be used to prepare water-soluble paints, related construction paints or other construction paints that require mixing of ingredients, including but not limited to, graphic arts, Sealing coatings, fillers, thick build coatings, adhesives, construction coatings (wall coatings, elastic wall coatings, roof coatings, and agglomeration stop coatings applied by the owner or the builder) and industrial coatings (if classified as Original equipment manufacturers, maintenance, wood, metal, general industrial termination paints, and other factory-specific paints and a small number of non-construction paints used by the "do-it-yourself" family).

In terms of industrial coatings, this method can be applied to a wide range of coating applications, such as automobiles, sea, air and other land vehicles, equipment, metal furniture, machinery and equipment, coils, metal containers, magnetic coils, concrete houses Tiles, waterproof paint, electrical appliances, water pipes, encapsulation, printing, release, flat panels, wooden furniture, plastic substrates, magnetic media, general metals, industrial maintenance, automotive polishing, road coatings, fire protection, suspension, chemical release Paint, roof, water tower, wharf, cement, waterproof building stone, nail polish, art or hobby use, etc. For example, the method described herein can produce a range of metallic coatings by selecting appropriate pre-coating groups, including flat, bright, direct application on metal, inducers, intermediate coatings, and solvent-resistant coatings.

Detailed description of the invention:

In an example of an opaque pre-coating, the opaque pre-coating is a first-class titanium dioxide pre-coating, and its composition includes (i) at least one opaque pigment; (ii) at least one dispersant; (iii) at least one thickener and water. The dispersant and The thickener is compatible with pigments and other ingredients, and the solid volume of the pre-coating is about 30% to 70%, preferably about 35% to 50%, and the Stormer viscosity is about 50KU to 250KU, preferably 60KU. To 150KU.

In another example, the opaque pre-coating is a liquid titanium dioxide pre-coating, which can be combined with other coating ingredients to formulate a set of pigment-based latex coatings. The composition includes (i) at least one opaque pigment; (ii) at least one dispersant; (iii) at least one thickener; (iv) at least one film-forming or non-film-forming polymer adhesive; and (v) water. The dispersant, thickener and polymer adhesive are compatible with pigments and other ingredients, and the solid volume of the pre-coating is about 30% to 70%, preferably 35% to 50%, and PVC is about 35 % To 100%, preferably 50% to 100%, Stormer viscosity is about 50KU to 250KU, preferably 60KU to 150KU. In the best case, the pre-coating is quite stable and will not precipitate, that is, the pigment will not precipitate after standing at 25°C for 10 days. In addition, the aforementioned polymer adhesives can also be adsorbed on opaque pigments.

In one example, the extender pre-paint is a first-class pigment extender pre-paint, and its composition includes (i) at least one mineral supplement; (ii) at least one thickener; (iii) an optionally added polymer Adhesive; and (iv) water. The solid volume of the pre-coating is about 30% to 70%, preferably 35% to 65%, PVC is about 35% to 100%, preferably 40% to 100%, and the Stormer viscosity is about 50KU To 250KU, preferably 60KU to 150KU. Each component in the pre-paint can be compatible with other components and other pre-paint components.

In one example, the adhesive pre-coating is a superb latex polymer adhesive The adhesive pre-coating composition includes a water-based polymer adhesive and water; wherein the Tg value of the water-based polymer adhesive is about -40°C to about 70°C, preferably about -10°C to about 60°C. The solid volume of the pre-coating is about 25% to 70%; preferably 30% to 65%, and when the shear rate is 1.25 interactive seconds, the Brookfield viscosity is less than 100,000 cps, preferably 100 to 50,000 cps. Each component in the pre-paint can be compatible with other components and other pre-paint components.

In the (i), (ii), and (iii) pre-coating examples of opaque agents, adjuvants and adhesives, trace substances can be optionally included, that is, relative to the total weight of the pre-coating, the weight percentage is less than 20% of traditional coating additives, including one acid, one alkali, one defoamer and so on. These additives must be compatible with the other ingredients and pre-paints used in the present invention.

Suitable opaque pigments include white pigments that can scatter visible light without absorbing or absorb very low amounts. The pigment extender can be an inorganic solid or an opaque polymer. Although this agent can affect the characteristics of the paint, it does not contribute to the color of the paint or will not cover the color of the paint. The tinting base used for deep-tone paints does not contain or only a small amount of opaque pigments.

Suitable opaque pigments include titanium dioxide or titanium dioxide-containing mixtures and auxiliary hiding pigments; examples of auxiliary hiding pigments include: void latex polymer particles, zinc oxide, lead oxide, a synthetic polymer pigment and mixtures thereof, and the like. Both rutile and anatase grade titanium dioxide are suitable for use in the present invention, and rutile titanium dioxide is preferred. The surface of these titanium dioxide needs to be treated, including the use of different organic surface treatments and/ Or inorganic surface treatment, such as treatment with oxides of silicon, aluminum and zirconium. In addition, smoked titanium dioxide is also suitable for the present invention.

Suitable voided latex polymer particles have a particle size of about 100 nm to 2000 nm and a void ratio of 10% to 75%. The voided latex polymer particles suitable for the method of the present invention are preferably between about 500 nm and 1100 nm. The OK particles contain at least one void, but may include multiple voids, non-spherical voids, interconnected voids, voids connected to the outside of the particles with channels, and other voids with structures such as blisters or sponges. Among them, those having a single void are preferred. These calendars have a glass transition temperature, measured with a differential scanning calorimeter at 20°C/min, and their glass transition temperature (Tg) is at least about 20°C, preferably at least about 50°C. The higher the transition temperature, the less likely the particles are to collapse. If the voided latex polymer particles collapse, they will not contribute to the hiding power. The voided latex polymer particles can be produced by conventional polymerization reactions, and these methods have been disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,784,391, 4,798,691, 4,908,271, 4,972,000, 5,041,464, 5,157,084, 5,216,044, and No. 6,020,435, and Japanese Patent Application No. 60/223873, No. 61/62510, No. 61/66710, No. 61/86941, No. 62/127336, No. 62/156387, No. 01/185311 and No. 02/140272 and other documents. The preferred voided latex particles are manufactured using the methods described in US Patent Nos. 4,427,836, 4,469,825, 4,594,363, 4,880,842, 5,494,971, and 6,020,435.

Pigment supplements can include indoor and outdoor pigment supplements, which have a better effect on the final paint. Paint supplements for outdoor use It is insoluble in water, has a low absorption coefficient and provides color stability. They are very suitable for durable coatings for outdoor use. They have the characteristics of being resistant to cracking, chalking and dust-free; in addition, their prices are not high. Paint supplements for indoor use are optimized for characteristics such as hiding, gloss, and price. Suitable pigment additives include barium sulfate (1-15 microns), Blane Fixe (0.5-5 microns), calcium carbonate (0.05-35 microns), silica (0.001-14 microns), magnesium silicate (0.5-15 microns), aluminum silicate (0.2-5 microns), mica, bentonite, magnesium aluminum silicate, smoked bauxite, colloidal attapulgite, synthetic amorphous sodium aluminum silicate , Sodium potassium silicate and the like.

The latex polymer adhesive can be a polymer or a prepolymer, which acts to make the paint form an initial paint film. Adhesives can bind pigments and/or extenders, increase the desired paint flow, and determine the gloss and hardness of the final coating film. The choice of the adhesive in the pre-paint depends on the type of paint to be mixed. Adhesives suitable for outdoor paints are usually also suitable for indoor paints, but adhesives suitable for indoor paints are not necessarily suitable for outdoor paints.

Suitable latex polymer adhesives include, but are not limited to, homopolymers, copolymers or terpolymers, such as polymers or copolymers of acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid, polyvinyl acetate, styrene-acrylic acid copolymers, Styrene-butadiene copolymer, vinyl acetate-acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl acetate-vinyl acid copolymer, vinyl acetate-ethylene maleate copolymer, Vinyl acetate-ethylene chloride-acrylic acid terpolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate-acrylic acid terpolymer and urethane polymer, etc. These polymers can contain up to about 10% by weight The functional group monomers, other monomers or their mixtures, etc.; the aforementioned functional groups include carboxylic acid groups, phosphoric acid groups, sulfuric acid groups, sulfonic acid groups, and amide groups. The latex polymer adhesive can also be selectively incorporated into the pre-coating x, y, x', y', or other same pre-coating or latex polymer adhesives different from the pre-coating z.

For industrial coatings, a wide range of thermoplastic and thermosetting polymeric adhesives can be used for the pre-coating, which can be cured by one potential, two potential or energy in the pre-coating and method of the present invention. These adhesives include but are not limited to: Pitch, paraffin, coal char, alkyd, vinyl acetate, vinyl acetate/acrylic, styrene-butadiene, saturated polyester, unsaturated polyester, polyurethane, acrylic paint, acrylic magnetic glaze, acrylic latex, heat setting Acrylic acid, acrylic acid electroplating deposition and automatic deposition, styrene acrylic acid, ethylene toluene acrylic acid, radiation hardening acrylic acid, melamine, urea, epoxy (bisphenol A, bisphenol F, aliphatic cyclic, monofunctional epoxy, etc. Dioxirane methyl ether), N-methoxypropylene amide of vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl acetate-ethylene, vinyl acetate trimer, vinyl acetate-versatate (vinyl versatate), poly Vinyl chloride, polyvinyl chloride, ethylene-acrylic acid, ethylene-methacrylic acid, electrical impurities, ethylene-acrylic acid methyl ester, cellulose, nitrocellulose, cellulose ethyl butyl ester, shellac, phenol, silicic acid Ethyl, polyacetal, styrene-allyl alcohol, chlorinated rubber, polyvinyl alcohol, butyl rubber, styrene-ethylene butene-styrene block copolymer rubber, urethane acrylate, polyimide , Polystyreneimide, silicone, silane, shellac, polyamide, polytetrafluoroethylene, polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride, polysulfide benzene, aromatic polyester, polyimide, silicon Ketoimines, fluoropolymers, parylene, Aramide, stelarate polymer, oleoresinous, chlorinated polyolefin and bi-cyclic benzobutene.

The polymer adhesive is preferably a water-based latex, but it can also be a solvent-based, water-reducible dispersible latex and a mixture thereof.

The polymer adhesive can be one set or two sets. If the polymer adhesive is a two-pack, the polymer adhesive can be used in the following ways:

(1) Separate one of the two systems into a single pre-paint; (2) Separate one of the two systems and incorporate it into the opaque pre-paint or replenisher storage paint; 3) Adding one of the two separate systems of any pre-paint; and (4) combining them.

Thickener refers to a general term for substances added to paint in order to change the rheological profile of paint. Thickeners suitable for use in the present invention include polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), water-repellent alkali-soluble latex (also known as HASE latex), alkali-soluble latex (also known as ASE latex), water-repellent rubber Oxyethane-urethane latex (also known as HEUR latex) and cellulose thickeners, such as: hydroxymethyl cellulose (HMC), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), water-repellent hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMHEC), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (SCMC), sodium carboxymethyl-2-hydroxybutyl methylcellulose, 2-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 2-hydroxyethyl methylcellulose, 2-hydroxyl Butyl methyl cellulose, 2-hydroxyethyl ethyl cellulose, 2-hydroxypropyl cellulose And the like. Other materials that can be used as thickeners include smoky silica, attapulgite grade or other types of clay, titanate chelating agents and the like.

Dispersants suitable for use in the present invention include nonionic, anionic and cationic dispersants, such as: 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE) , Potassium tripolyphosphate (KTPP), trisodium polyphosphate (TSPP), citric acid and other carboxylic acids and the like. Suitable anionic polymers are homopolymers or copolymers with polycarboxylic acid as the basic structure, including those with improved water repellency or hydrophilicity, such as polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, or maleic anhydride and Different monomers (such as: styrene, methacrylic acid, diisobutylene and other hydrophilic or hydrophobic comonomers) formed polymers, the aforementioned dispersant salts and their mixtures, etc.

Suitable defoamers include defoamers based on silicon, mineral oil and the like.

If the solvent-free polymer adhesive is not used in the adhesive pre-coating, there is no need to add a bonding agent. Solvent-free polymer adhesives generally have a low Tg value and a low minimum film forming temperature; therefore, the film will be formed at a general external temperature (about 20°C). If it is necessary to add binders, the preferred method of use is to mix them in pre-coatings or other pre-coatings containing latex polymer adhesives.

Suitable adhesives, plasticizers, and other optionally added solvents include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, hexanediol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate ( Abbreviated as TEXANOL^T^M), glycol ether, mineral water, methyl methanol, butyl methanol, phthalic acid, adipic acid and the like.

Suitable fungicides and insecticides include zinc oxide, isotriazolone, triazole And the like.

Suitable surfactants include cationic, anionic and nonionic surfactants.

Suitable flocculants include small particles (40 mesh or more), medium particles (20-40 mesh) and large particles (20 or less mesh) flocculants, such as gravel, large-size carbonate (limestone) ), ceramics, glass, fibers, coal, granite, talc, multicolor quartz, crushed shells, recycled asphalt products, glass fibers, vermiculite, perlite, XO coagulants and the like.

Suitable rust inhibitors include aminoethylethanolamine, ammonium benzoate, sodium nitrate, ammonia benzoate, ammonia, and amine salts of dicarboxylic acids and diphenols, such as glutaric acid, malonic acid, suberic acid, and sebacic acid. Acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, phthalic acid, iso-phthalic acid, p-phthalic acid, thiodiphenol, and thiodiphenol, and its ammonium salt and amine-zinc salt, C- 12 to C-14-Tetra-alkylamine, compounds with (2-benzothiazolylsulfur)-succinic acid, (2-benzothiazolylsulfur)-succinic acid, 4-keto-4-p- The adduct of toluene butyric acid and 4-ethylmorpholine, the complex of zirconium and the analogs of 4-methyl-δ-keto-benzene-butyric acid.

Suitable crosslinking agents include polyvalent metal ions such as zinc, magnesium, zirconium, calcium and the like.

Reactive pigments are substances added to paint formulations to ensure that the paint has an anti-corrosion effect. Suitable reactive pigments include calcium zinc phosphomolybdate, zinc phosphate, aluminum triphosphate, zinc strontium phosphosilicate, and modified molybdate. Zinc phosphate and its analogues.

Suitable waxes include myristic acid, paraffin wax, polyethylene, micronized ethylene-propylene Acrylic acid, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and the like.

Alkali-soluble resin is a substance that contains enough acid functional groups and has a molecular weight low enough to dissolve in a liquid medium when neutralized with an alkali. It can exhibit Newtonian rheology and can act as a dispersant (that is, to reduce the surface tension of the liquid medium). Suitable alkali-soluble resins include copolymers of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid esters and carboxylic acid monomers (such copolymers, such as Acrysol sold by Rohm &amp; Haas)^T^MI-62 and Acrysol^T^MI-2074), a copolymer formed of styrene and acrylic acid, which can also optionally be added with α-methylstyrene (this type of copolymer, for example, Morez sold by Rohm &amp; Haas^T^M101), styrene/maleic anhydride copolymer, and the like.

In another preferred embodiment, the pre-coating and method of the present invention can be used to produce elastic coatings suitable for wall or roof use. These pre-paints can be mixed in different proportions, and the produced elastic paints have different qualities, elasticity, mildew protection, and suitable for adhesion materials on walls or roofs.

The difference between the elastic coating of the present invention and general construction coatings lies in the low-temperature (&lt;0°C) flexibility of the adhesive contained therein and the thickness of the dry film of the coating. Generally speaking, the thickness of the dry film formed by the elastic coating on the wall is 6-20 mil; for the roof, it is 15-40 mil. The low-temperature flexibility of the elastic coating is especially important when it is applied to a wall with many cracks, such as a clay tile wall or a roofing material used in areas with particularly severe climate changes. In addition to different coating flexibility, we also hope that the coatings of a coating product line have different quality, different low-temperature flexibility, can be adhered to different materials and have different appearances.

Next, we will describe the impact of low-temperature flexibility and paint durability on paint quality Impact.

In some areas, the temperature often drops below freezing in winter. The following table shows the influence of PVC, titanium dioxide PVC and flexible temperature on coating quality:<img file="TW583293B_D0003.tif" />

In some areas, when the climate comes to winter, the temperature will drop below freezing on a few days. The following table shows the influence of PVC, titanium dioxide PVC and flexible temperature on coating quality:<img file="TW583293B_D0004.tif" />

The quality of elastic coatings will also be affected by whether there is zinc oxide in the ingredients, because zinc oxide will change the mechanical properties of the coating.

In addition, elastic coatings will also change due to the addition of colorants. Generally speaking, these colorants are dry crumbs and are manufactured in the ore fragments of the coating.

For different elastic coatings, the differences in properties include: coating flexibility, coating quality (durability), attachable materials and appearance, etc.

The flexibility of the elastic coating can be changed by adjusting the Tg value of the adhesive, the PVC value of the coating, and the zinc oxide content; the durability of the elastic coating can be changed by adjusting the titanium dioxide content; the attachable material of the elastic coating, It can be changed by adjusting the composition of the adhesive and the amount of each component; the appearance of the elastic coating can be changed by adjusting the amount and type of the coloring agent. In order to obtain these different characteristics, we can use the steps described in Examples 36 to 41 to prepare a set of pre-paints, and then mix these pre-paints in an appropriate ratio to prepare elastic paints with the above-mentioned different properties.

In another preferred example, the pre-coating and method described herein can be used to prepare non-sticky agglomeration termination coatings suitable for EIFS, so that these coatings can be directly applied to walls or used as topcoats in EIFS. The pre-paint or pre-mixed ingredients can be mixed in different proportions to obtain paints of different flexibility, quality (durability), color and texture.

Next, we will present an example of coating formulation to illustrate the impact of durability on non-viscous agglomeration termination coatings suitable for EIFS. Other types of agglutination modifiers may have different ranges of PVC, resulting in different quality coatings. Therefore, the following description only represents an example of non-viscous agglomeration termination coatings suitable for EIFS, and does not represent the PVC defined by non-viscous agglomeration termination coatings in other ranges:<img file="TW583293B_D0005.tif" />

What we are going to discuss next is the blending properties that affect color intensity. Other types of agglutination modifiers may have different titanium dioxide content, and the resulting paints have different color strengths. Therefore, the following description only represents an example of non-viscous agglomeration termination coatings suitable for EIFS, and does not represent the titanium dioxide content defined by non-viscous agglomeration termination coatings in other ranges:<img file="TW583293B_D0006.tif" />

Finally, let's define the particle size and dosage of the aggregating agent that will affect the texture of the coating:<img file="TW583293B_D0007.tif" />

In addition, we can change the performance of the agglutination modifier by changing the flexibility or Tg value of the adhesive.

For different non-sticky agglutination terminator coatings, we can vary the amount of PVC, the amount of titanium dioxide, the ratio of aggregating agent and the Tg value of the adhesive to produce different coatings.

The flexibility of the non-sticky agglutination terminator can be changed by adjusting the Tg value of the adhesive; the durability of the non-sticky agglutination terminator can be changed by adjusting the PVC; the color of the non-sticky agglutination terminator can be changed It can be changed by adjusting the amount and type of titanium dioxide; the texture of the non-sticky agglutination terminator can be changed by adjusting the particle size of the aggregating agent, the amount of the large particle size aggregating agent, and the ratio of the large and small particle size aggregating agents. In order to obtain these different characteristics, we can use the steps described in Examples 54 to 58 to prepare a set of pre-paints, and then mix these pre-paints in an appropriate ratio to prepare a non-viscous agglutination terminator with the above-mentioned different properties .

In another preferred embodiment, pre-paints can be used in the method of the present invention to form a range of useful paints, some of which contain opaque and/or supplementary pigments, and some do not contain opaque pigments (ie, "clear") . These coatings can be applied to several substrates, including metal, wood, and cement substrates, such as cement roof tiles.

In another embodiment, pre-coating can be used in the method of the present invention to form a range of graphic art coating product lines. These coating products can be used in the following applications, including but not limited to, wrapping paper, creped substrates, Ink for newsprint, cardboard, labels, cold storage bags, storage bags, metal film, tin foil, etc.; and general waterproof and anti-wiping coatings.

We will describe many examples of the present invention below, however, these examples do not limit the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Test Methods

The Stormer viscosity of the precoat is measured using ASTM method D562. The Brookfield viscosity of the pre-coating and final coating of the adhesive was measured using a Brookfield viscometer with spindle #4 at a speed of 6 rpm. The ICI viscosity of the pre-coating and final coating is measured using ASTM method D3205-77. The glass transition temperature ("Tg") is measured with a differential scanning calorimeter at a rate of 20°C per minute.

Example Example 1

This example describes the preparation of a white pre-paint, which includes mixing the following raw materials:<img file="TW583293B_D0008.tif" />

The preparation of the pre-coating is to use a laboratory mixer with a stirring knife with a 45-degree angle of inclination. First mix the water, dispersant and defoamer evenly, then slowly add the titanium dioxide slurry, then stir for 15 to 20 minutes, and finally add Adhesives, bonding agents, rheology modifiers and ammonia; if necessary, additional water can be added.

The total volume of the final pre-paint produced is 100 gallons and the weight is 1505.8 Pounds, total PVC 80.0%, solid volume 44.0%, solid weight 67.1%, density 15.058 lbs/gallon, pigment solid internal dispersant is 0.40%, and latex solid internal binder is 10.0%. Its initial and equilibrium Stormer viscosity are respectively 88 and 90KU, and the pH value is 8.8 and 8.6 respectively.

Example 2

This example describes the preparation of an outdoor paint extender pre-paint, which involves mixing the following raw materials in the aforementioned method:<img file="TW583293B_D0009.tif" />

The final pre-paint has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 1328.94 lbs, a total PVC of 80.0%, a solid volume of 45.0%, a solid weight of 65.4%, a density of 13.29 lbs/gallon, a pigment solid internal dispersant of 0.50%, and a binder solids content of 80.0%. The binding agent is 7.0%. Its initial and equilibrium Stormer viscosity is 90 and 93KU respectively, and the pH value is 8.9 and 8.7 respectively.

Example 3

This example describes the preparation of a pre-paint of an indoor pigment extender, which includes mixing the following raw materials in the aforementioned method:<img file="TW583293B_D0010.tif" />

The final pre-paint has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 1322.1 pounds, a total PVC of 80%, a solid volume of 45%, a solid weight of 65.15%, a density of 13.2210 lbs/gallon, a pigment solid internal dispersant of 0.50%, and a binder solid content of 80%. The binding agent is 7.0%. Its initial and equilibrium Stormer viscosity is 94 and 97KU respectively, and the pH value is 9.2.

Example 4

This embodiment describes the preparation of a vinyl acetate/acrylic latex adhesive pre-coating. The difference from the previous method during mixing is that the adhesive, bonding agent, ammonia, water, and rheology modifier are simultaneously added to the mixer for mixing. The raw materials and dosage of pre-coating are as follows:<img file="TW583293B_D0011.tif" />

The final pre-paint has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 891.5 lbs, a solid volume of 45.0%, a solid weight of 48.6%, a density of 8.91 lbs/gallon, and an adhesive solid internal binder of 7.0%. Its initial and equilibrium Stormer viscosity is 88 and 90KU respectively, and the pH value is 8.6 and 8.4 respectively. The Brookfield viscosity at equilibrium should be less than 10000 cps.

Example 5

This example describes the preparation of a flat acrylic adhesive pre-coating, which includes mixing the following raw materials in the aforementioned method:<img file="TW583293B_D0012.tif" />

The final pre-coating has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 881.4 pounds, a solid volume of 44.0%, a solid weight of 46.7%, a density of 8.81 pounds per gallon, and the adhesive solid internal bonding agent is 7.0%. Its initial and equilibrium Stormer viscosity is 91 and 89KU respectively, and the pH value is 8.9 to 9.0. The Brookfield viscosity at equilibrium should be less than 10000 cps.

Example 6

This example describes the preparation of a bright acrylic adhesive pre-coating, which includes mixing the following raw materials in the aforementioned method:<img file="TW583293B_D0013.tif" />

The final pre-paint has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 875.2 lbs, a solid volume of 39.0%, a solid weight of 42.11%, a density of 8.75 lbs/gallon, and an adhesive solid internal binder of 10.0%. Its initial and equilibrium Stormer viscosity is respectively 97 and 98KU, and the pH value is both 9.0. The Brookfield viscosity at equilibrium should be less than 10000 cps.

Example 7

This example describes the preparation of a white pigment pre-paint, which uses a solvent-free acrylic adhesive but does not use a bonding agent, which involves mixing the following raw materials in a similar manner as described in Example 1:<img file="TW583293B_D0014.tif" />

The final pre-coating volume is 100 gallons, the weight is 1401.3 pounds, the total PVC is 80.0%, the solid volume is 40.0%, and the solid weight is 61.1%. The density is 14.01 pounds per gallon and the pigment solids internal dispersant is 1.0%. The Stormer viscosity of the final product is 102KU, and the pH value should be 8.5 to 9.0.

Example 8

This example describes the preparation of an outdoor paint extender pre-paint, which uses a solvent-free acrylic adhesive, but does not use a bonding agent, and includes mixing the following raw materials in a similar manner as described in Example 1:<img file="TW583293B_D0015.tif" />

The final pre-paint has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 1280.9 pounds, a total PVC of 80.0%, a solid volume of 40.0%, a solid weight of 60.27%, a density of 12.81 pounds per gallon, and a pigment solid internal dispersant of 1.0%. Final product The Stormer viscosity of the material should be 95KU, and the pH should be 8.5 to 9.0. If not, the pH should be adjusted by the method described in Example 7.

Example 9

This example describes the preparation of an indoor paint extender pre-paint, which uses a solvent-free vinyl acetate/acrylic adhesive, but does not use a bonding agent, and involves mixing the following raw materials in a similar manner as described in Example 1:<img file="TW583293B_D0016.tif" />

The total volume of the final pre-paint produced is 100 gallons and the weight is 1254.9 Lbs, total PVC 80.0%, solid volume 40.0%, solid weight 59.65%, density 12.55 lbs/gallon and pigment solid internal dispersant 1.0%. The Stormer viscosity of the final product should be 95KU and the pH should be 8.5 to 9.0.

Example 10

This example describes the preparation of a vinyl acetate/acrylic latex polymer adhesive pre-coating, which uses a solvent-free vinyl acetate/acrylic adhesive, but does not use a bonding agent, and includes the method similar to that described in Example 4. Mix the following ingredients:<img file="TW583293B_D0017.tif" />

The final pre-paint produced has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 885.2 pounds, a solids volume of 40.0%, a solids weight of 43.5%, and a density of 8.85 pounds per gallon. The Brookfield viscosity of the final product should be less than 10,000 cps, and the pH should be 8.5 to 9.0.

Example 11

This example describes the preparation of a flat-gloss latex polymer adhesive pre-coating, which uses a solvent-free acrylic adhesive, but does not use a bonding agent, and includes mixing the following raw materials in a similar manner as described in Example 4:<img file="TW583293B_D0018.tif" />

The final pre-paint produced has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 868.5 pounds, a solids volume of 36.0%, a solids weight of 38.8%, and a density of 8.69 pounds per gallon. The Stormer viscosity of the final product should be 99KU, the Brookfield viscosity should be less than 10000 cps, and the pH value should be 8.5 to 9.0. If not, adjust the pH value by the aforementioned method.

Example 12

This example describes the preparation of a bright adhesive pre-coating, which uses a solvent-free acrylic adhesive, but does not use a bonding agent, and includes mixing the following raw materials in a similar manner as described in Example 4:<img file="TW583293B_D0019.tif" />

The final pre-paint produced has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 860.4 pounds, a solids volume of 37.0%, a solids weight of 38.8%, and a density of 8.60 pounds per gallon. The Stormer viscosity of the final product should be 99KU, the Brookfield viscosity should be less than 10000 cps, and the pH value should be 8.5 to 9.0. If not, adjust the pH value by the aforementioned method.

Example 13

This example describes the preparation of a white pigment pre-paint, which uses indoor bright-grade titanium dioxide, which includes mixing the following raw materials in the aforementioned method:<img file="TW583293B_D0020.tif" />

The final pre-coating volume is 100 gallons, the weight is 1405.43 pounds, the total PVC is 80.0%, the solid volume is 40.0%, and the solid weight is 61.25%. The density is 14.0543 pounds per gallon, the pigment solid internal dispersant is 1.0%, and the adhesive solid internal binder is 9.0%. The final product has a Stormer viscosity of 100KU, a Brookfield viscosity of 15300 cps and a pH of 8.8.

Example 14

This example describes the preparation of a white pigment pre-paint, which uses outdoor bright-grade titanium dioxide, which includes mixing the following raw materials by the aforementioned method:<img file="TW583293B_D0021.tif" />

The total volume of the final pre-paint produced is 100 gallons and the weight is 1403.6 Pounds, total PVC 80.0%, solid volume 40.0%, solid weight 61.2%, density 14.04 pounds per gallon, pigment solid internal dispersant 1.0% and adhesive solid internal binder 9.0%. The final product has a Stormer viscosity of 100KU, a Brookfield viscosity of 4010 cps and a pH of 8.8.

Example 15

This example describes the preparation of an outdoor paint extender pre-paint, which involves mixing the following raw materials in the aforementioned method:<img file="TW583293B_D0022.tif" />

The total volume of the final pre-paint produced is 100 gallons and the weight is 1281.5 Pounds, total PVC 80.0%, solid volume 40.0%, solid weight 60.3%, density 12.81 lbs/gallon, pigment solid internal dispersant 1.0% and adhesive solid internal binder 7.0%. The Stormer viscosity of the final product is 96KU, the Brookfield viscosity is 7210 cps and the pH is 9.8.

Example 16

This example describes the preparation of a pre-paint of an indoor pigment extender, which includes mixing the following raw materials in the aforementioned method:<img file="TW583293B_D0023.tif" />

The final pre-coating volume is 100 gallons, the weight is 1255.1 lbs, the total PVC is 80.0%, the solid volume is 40.0%, the solid weight is 59.7%, the density is 12.55 lbs/gallon, the pigment solid internal dispersant is 1.0%, and the adhesive solid is internal The binding agent is 9.0%. The Stormer viscosity of the final product is 102KU, the Brookfield viscosity is 3410 cps and the pH value is 8.9.

Example 17

This example describes the preparation of a vinyl acetate/acrylic adhesive pre-coating, which includes mixing the following raw materials by the aforementioned method:<img file="TW583293B_D0024.tif" />

The final pre-paint has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 887.5 lbs, a solid volume of 40.0%, a solid weight of 43.4%, a density of 8.88 lbs/gallon, and an adhesive solid internal binder of 9.0%. The Stormer viscosity of the final product is 98KU, the Brookfield viscosity is 13600 cps and the pH value is 9.0.

Example 18

This example describes the preparation of a flat acrylic adhesive pre-coating, which includes mixing the following raw materials in the aforementioned method:<img file="TW583293B_D0025.tif" />

The final pre-paint has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 877.5 lbs, a solid volume of 40.0%, a solid weight of 42.67%, a density of 8.78 lbs/gallon, and an adhesive solid internal binder of 7.0%. The Stormer viscosity of the final product is 94KU, the Brookfield viscosity is less than 4900 cps and the pH value is 8.9.

Example 19

This example describes the preparation of a bright acrylic adhesive pre-coating, which includes mixing the following raw materials in the aforementioned method:<img file="TW583293B_D0026.tif" />

The final pre-coating has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 876.4 pounds, a solid volume of 40.0%, a solid weight of 43.1%, a density of 8.76 lbs/gallon, and an adhesive solid internal binder of 10.0%. The Stormer viscosity of the final product is 96KU, the Brookfield viscosity is 5000 cps and the pH value is 8.8.

Example 20

This example describes the preparation of a white pre-paint, which includes mixing the following raw materials:<img file="TW583293B_D0027.tif" />

The final pre-paint has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 1603.0 pounds, a total PVC of 80.0%, a solid volume of 50.0%, a solid weight of 71.7%, a density of 16.03 pounds per gallon, a pigment solid internal dispersant of 1.0%, and a latex solid internal binding The agent is 10.0%.

Example 21

This example describes the preparation of a white pigment pre-coating, which uses pigmented vesiculated polymeric bead, with a particle size of 12.5 microns, containing about 7% (s/s) titanium dioxide and its void volume About 77%. The system involves mixing the following raw materials in a similar manner as described in Example 1:<img file="TW583293B_D0028.tif" />

The final pre-paint produced has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 913.3 pounds, a total PVC of 80.0%, a solid volume of 44.0%, a solid weight of 28.28%, and a density of 9.13 pounds per gallon. The Stormer viscosity of the final product should be 91KU, and the pH should be 8.5 to 9.0. If not, the pH should be adjusted by the method described in Example 7.

Example 22

This example describes the preparation of a pre-paint of a pigment extender for outdoor use, which includes mixing the following raw materials:<img file="TW583293B_D0029.tif" />

The final pre-paint has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 1382.5 pounds, a total PVC of 80.0%, a solid volume of 50.0%, a solid weight of 69.8%, a density of 13.82 pounds per gallon, a pigment solid internal dispersant of 0.5%, and a latex solid internal binding The agent is 7.0%.

Example 23

This example describes the preparation of a paint supplement for indoor use, which includes mixing the following raw materials:<img file="TW583293B_D0030.tif" />

The final pre-coating volume is 100 gallons, the weight is 1376.0 lbs, the total PVC is 80.0%, the solid volume is 50.0%, the solid weight is 69.5%, the density is 13.76 lbs/gallon, the pigment solid internal dispersant is 0.5%, and the latex solids are internally bound. The agent is 7.0%.

Example 24

This example describes the preparation of a vinyl acetate/acrylic adhesive pre-coating, which includes mixing the following raw materials:<img file="TW583293B_D0031.tif" />

The final pre-coating has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 899.9 pounds, a total PVC of 0.0%, a solid volume of 50.0%, a solid weight of 53.2%, a density of 8.99 pounds per gallon, and a latex solid internal binder of 10.0%.

Example 25

This example describes the preparation of a flat acrylic adhesive pre-coating, which includes mixing the following raw materials:<img file="TW583293B_D0032.tif" />

The final pre-coating has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 880.4 pounds, a total PVC of 0.0%, a solid volume of 50.0%, a solid weight of 53.2%, a density of 8.80 pounds per gallon, and a latex solid internal binder of 5.0%.

Example 26

This example describes the preparation of a bright acrylic adhesive pre-coating, which includes mixing the following raw materials:<img file="TW583293B_D0033.tif" />

The final pre-coating has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 878.7 pounds, a total PVC of 0.0%, a solid volume of 44.28%, a solid weight of 47.4%, a density of 8.78 pounds per gallon, and a latex solid internal binder of 10.0%.

Example 27

This example describes the preparation of nine outdoor flat latex paints with different qualities and tones, including mixing the following four pre-paints in different proportions: white pigment pre-paint (prepared in Example 14), outdoor paint supplement (Prepared in Example 15), vinyl acetate/acrylic (hereinafter referred to as PVA) adhesive pre-coating (prepared in Example 17), and flat acrylic adhesive pre-coating (prepared in Example 18). The coating formulation method is to add the white pigment pre-coating and outdoor pigment supplements to the adhesive pre-coating, and then mix them evenly. The characteristics of the nine coatings and the amount of each pre-coating are as follows:<img file="TW583293B_D0034.tif" />

Nos. 27-1, 27-4 and 27-7 are high-quality light, medium and dark color paints; Nos. 27-2, 27-5 and 27-8 are light, medium and dark color paints of first-class quality: and numbered 27-3, 27-6 and 27-9 are light, medium and dark color paints of secondary quality.

Example 28

This example describes the preparation of nine outdoor satin latex paints with different qualities and tones, including the following four pre-paints in different proportions: mixed white pigment pre-paint (prepared in Example 14), outdoor paint Supplements (prepared in Example 15), PVA adhesive pre-coating (prepared in Example 17) and flat acrylic adhesive pre-coating (real Prepared in Example 18). The coating formulation method is as described above. The characteristics of the nine coatings and the amount of each pre-coating are as follows:<img file="TW583293B_D0035.tif" />

Nos. 28-1, 28-4 and 28-7 are high-quality light, medium and dark color paints; Nos. 28-2, 28-5 and 28-8 are light, medium and dark color paints of first-class quality; and serial numbers 28-3, 28-6 and 28-9 are light, medium and dark color paints of secondary quality.

Example 29

This example describes the preparation of nine outdoor bright latex paints with different qualities and tones, including mixing the following three types of pre-paints in different proportions. Coatings: white pigment pre-paint (prepared in Example 14), PVA adhesive pre-paint (prepared in Example 17), and bright acrylic adhesive pre-paint (prepared in Example 19). The coating formulation method is as described above. The characteristics of the nine coatings and the amount of each pre-coating are as follows:<img file="TW583293B_D0036.tif" />

Numbers 29-1, 29-4 and 29-7 are high-quality light, medium and dark color paints; Numbers 29-2, 29-5 and 29-8 are light, medium and dark color paints of first-class quality; and numbering 29-3, 29-6 and 29-9 are light, medium and dark color paints of secondary quality.

Example 30

This example describes the preparation of nine interior flat latex paints with different qualities and tones, including mixing the following four pre-paints in different proportions: white pigment pre-paint (prepared in Example 14), interior paint supplement (Prepared in Example 16), PVA adhesive pre-coating (prepared in Example 17), and flat acrylic adhesive pre-coating (prepared in Example 18). The coating formulation method is as described above. The characteristics of the nine coatings and the amount of each pre-coating are as follows:<img file="TW583293B_D0037.tif" />

Numbers 30-1, 30-4 and 30-7 are high-quality light, medium and dark color paints; Numbers 30-2, 30-5 and 30-8 are light, medium and dark color paints of first-class quality; and numbering 30-3, 30-6 and 30-9 are the second-class quality shallow, Medium and dark color paint.

Example 31

This example describes the preparation of nine indoor satin latex paints with different qualities and tones, including mixing the following four pre-paints in different proportions: white pigment pre-paint (prepared in Example 14), indoor paint Supplements (prepared in Example 16), PVA adhesive pre-coating (prepared in Example 17), and flat acrylic adhesive pre-coating (prepared in Example 18). The coating formulation method is as described above. The characteristics of the nine coatings and the amount of each pre-coating are as follows:<img file="TW583293B_D0038.tif" />

Numbers 31-1, 31-4 and 31-7 are high-quality light, medium and dark colors Modified paint; No. 31-2, 31-5 and 31-8 are first-class quality light, medium and dark color paint; and No. 31-3, 31-6 and 31-9 are second-level quality light, medium and deep Tint paint.

Example 32

This example describes the preparation of nine indoor gloss latex paints with different qualities and tones, including mixing the following three pre-paints in different proportions: white pigment pre-paint (prepared in Example 14), PVA adhesive pre-paint (Prepared in Example 17) and bright acrylic adhesive pre-coating (Prepared in Example 19). The coating formulation method is as described above. The characteristics of the nine coatings and the amount of each pre-coating are as follows:<img file="TW583293B_D0039.tif" />

Numbers 32-1, 32-4 and 32-7 are high-quality light, medium and dark color paints; Numbers 32-2, 32-5 and 32-8 are light, medium and dark color paints of first-class quality; and numbering 32-3, 32-6 and 32-9 are light, medium and dark color paints of secondary quality.

Example 33

This example describes the preparation of a latex paint that can be used as a construction paint, which includes mixing white pre-paint (prepared in Example 20), outdoor pigment supplement pre-paint (prepared in Example 22), and flat acrylic Adhesive pre-coating (prepared in Example 25). The coating formulation method is as described above. The characteristics of the paint and the amount of each pre-paint are as follows:<img file="TW583293B_D0040.tif" />

The final paint should be high-grade paint with satin finish and light color.

Example 34

This example describes the preparation of a low solids interior flat paint using the content of a white pigment based mixture comprising a pre-coating (prepared by Example 20), indoor pigment materials and extenders precoating PVA (Example 23 prepared by embodiment) Adhesive pre-coating (prepared in Example 24). Coating preparation methods such as The foregoing. The characteristics of the paint and the amount of each pre-paint are as follows:<img file="TW583293B_D0041.tif" />

Example 35

This example describes the method of using the pre-coatings of Examples 1 to 6 to prepare coatings, which includes mixing the pigment pre-coating and the adhesion pre-coating, and then adding thickener, water and coloring agent to mix uniformly. The Stormer viscosity, ICI viscosity and pH value listed in the table below are all measured data at equilibrium.

1. Flat paint for outdoor use (advanced and elementary)

<img file="TW583293B_D0042.tif" />

<img file="TW583293B_D0043.tif" />

Two, outdoor satin paint (intermediate)

<img file="TW583293B_D0044.tif" />

<img file="TW583293B_D0045.tif" />The dry pigment internal dispersant is 0.43% and the dry polymer internal binder is 7.43%.

3. Semi-gloss paint for outdoor use (advanced and elementary)

<img file="TW583293B_D0046.tif" />d. The dry pigment internal dispersant is 0.40% and the dry polymer internal binder is 7.97%.

4. Flat paint for indoor use

<img file="TW583293B_D0047.tif" />d. The dry pigment internal dispersant is 0.48% and the dry polymer internal binder is 7.47%. e. The dry pigment internal dispersant is 0.50% and the dry polymer internal binder is 7.0%. f. The dry pigment internal dispersant is 0.50% and the dry polymer internal binder is 7.0%.

5. Satin paint for indoor use

<img file="TW583293B_D0048.tif" />This is an intermediate light-tone paint

<img file="TW583293B_D0049.tif" />The dry pigment internal dispersant is 0.43% and the dry polymer internal binder is 7.42%.

6. Semi-gloss paint for indoor use

<img file="TW583293B_D0050.tif" />

Example 36

This example describes the preparation of a white opaque pigment pre-coating, which can be used for the preparation of elastic coatings and includes mixing the following raw materials:<img file="TW583293B_D0051.tif" />

The preparation of the pre-paint is to use a high-speed disperser. First add water, dispersant, acrylic adhesive, defoamer, alkali and rheology modifier, mix briefly at a low speed, and then add the dry pigment. After all the dry pigments are added, the mixture is stirred at high speed for 15 to 20 minutes. These are methods known in the prior art.

The final pre-paint has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 1800.80 pounds, a total PVC of 80.00%, a solid volume of 50.00%, a solid weight of 76.74%, a density of 18.008 pounds per gallon, a pigment solid internal dispersant of 0.80%, and a latex solid internal binding The agent is 3.0%.

Example 37

This example describes the preparation of a white opaque pigment pre-coating containing zinc oxide, which can be used for the preparation of elastic coatings, including the aforementioned Method to mix the following ingredients:<img file="TW583293B_D0052.tif" />

The final pre-coating volume is 100 gallons, weight is 1925.58 lbs, total PVC 80.00%, titanium dioxide PVC 67.90%, solid volume 50.00%, solid weight 78.22%, density 19.2258 lbs/gallon, pigment solid internal dispersant is 0.80% And the latex solid internal binder is 3.0%.

Example 38

This example describes the preparation of a pigment extender pre-coating, which can be used for the preparation of elastic coatings, which includes mixing the following raw materials by the aforementioned method:<img file="TW583293B_D0053.tif" />

The final pre-paint has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 1408.05 lbs, a total PVC of 80.00%, a solid volume of 50.00%, a solid weight of 73.38%, a density of 14.0805 lbs/gallon, a pigment solid internal dispersant of 0.30% and a binder solid content of The binding agent is 2.0%.

Example 39

This example describes the preparation of a low Tg acrylic adhesive pre-coating, which has good temperature flexibility. The preparation of the pre-paint is to use The laboratory mixer of the stirring knife with a 45 degree angle of inclination, its raw materials and dosage are as follows:<img file="TW583293B_D0054.tif" />

The final pre-coating has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 864.93 pounds, a solid volume of 46.00%, a solid weight of 47.57%, a density of 8.6493 pounds per gallon, and the adhesive solid internal binder of 2.0%.

Example 40

This example describes the preparation of a styrene/acrylic adhesive pre-coating with a mid-range Tg value, which has low temperature (&lt;-5°C) flexibility. The preparation of the pre-coating is to use a laboratory mixer with a stirring knife with a 45-degree angle of inclination. The raw materials and dosage are as follows:<img file="TW583293B_D0055.tif" />

The final pre-coating has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 859.69 lbs, a solid volume of 50.00%, a solid weight of 51.43%, a density of 8.5969 lbs/gallon, and an adhesive solid internal binder of 2.0%.

Example 41

This example describes the preparation of a 100% acrylic adhesive pre-coating with a high Tg (14°C) value, which has poor low-temperature flexibility. The preparation of the pre-coating is to use a laboratory mixer with a stirring knife with a 45-degree angle of inclination. The raw materials and dosage are as follows:<img file="TW583293B_D0056.tif" />

The final pre-coating has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 885.11 lbs, a solid volume of 47.00%, a solid weight of 49.71%, a density of 8.8511 lbs/gallon, and an adhesive solid internal binder of 6.0%.

Example 42

This example describes the preparation of 11 kinds of elastic wall paints, each of which has different quality and moisture resistance, including mixing the following six pre-paints in different proportions: white pigment pre-paint (prepared in Examples 36 and 37) , Pigment extender (prepared in Example 38) and adhesive pre-paint (prepared in Example 39, 40 and 41). The coating formulation method is to add the white pigment pre-coating and the pigment extender to the adhesive pre-coating, and then mix them evenly.

<tables><img file="TW583293B_D0057.tif" /></tables>

<tables><img file="TW583293B_D0058.tif" /></tables>

The quality shown in the above table includes several grades, which are determined by the durability and low-temperature flexibility of the elastic coating. These examples do not limit the applicability of the present invention. For example, all pigments and pigment supplements can be formulated with or without adhesives, and we can use those with a higher Tg value than the adhesive used in this example for the formulation of paint; in addition, The pigment supplement is not limited to the calcium carbonate series. The calcium carbonate in this example can be replaced with clay, silica, magnesium silicate and the like.

In addition to the aforementioned properties of elastic coatings for roofs and walls, It has two additional features: one is the use of functional supplements such as aluminum hydroxide to increase its flame resistance; the other is the enhanced adhesion of special roofing materials. The following examples are the preparation of some flexible coatings suitable for roof use.

Example 43

This example describes the preparation of a white pigment pre-paint, which includes mixing the following raw materials:<img file="TW583293B_D0059.tif" />

The preparation of the pre-coating is to use a high-speed disperser. First add water, dispersant, acrylic adhesive, defoamer, alkali and rheology modifier, mix briefly at a low speed, and then add the dry pigment. After all the dry pigments are added, the mixture is stirred at high speed for 15 to 20 minutes. These are the previous techniques Known methods.

The final pre-paint has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 1799.45 lbs, a total PVC of 80.00%, a solid volume of 50.00%, a solid weight of 76.71%, a density of 17.9945 lbs/gallon, a pigment solid internal dispersant of 0.80%, and a latex solid internal binding The agent is 3.0%.

Example 44

This example describes the preparation of a white pigment pre-paint, which has good adhesion to asphalt roofing materials, and includes mixing the following raw materials:<img file="TW583293B_D0060.tif" />

A high-speed disperser was used to prepare the pre-paint, and the method was as described in Example 43. The final pre-coating volume is 100 gallons, the weight is 1,79.56 pounds, the total PVC is 80.00%, the solid volume is 50.00%, and the solid weight is 80.00%. 76.73%, density 17.9956 pounds per gallon, pigment solid internal dispersant is 0.80%, and latex solid internal binder is 3.0%. The preparation of this embodiment is for those who are optimized for the paint for asphalt materials.

Example 45

This example describes the preparation of a white opaque pigment pre-paint containing zinc oxide, which involves mixing the following raw materials by the aforementioned method:<img file="TW583293B_D0061.tif" />

The total volume of the final pre-coating produced is 100 gallons, weight is 1887.88 pounds, total PVC 80.00%, titanium dioxide PVC 68.23%, solid volume 50.00%, solid weight 77.63%, density 18.8788 pounds per gallon, pigment solid internal dispersant is 0.80%, and latex solid internal binder is 3.0%.

Example 46

This example describes the preparation of a pigment extender pre-paint, which involves mixing the following raw materials in the aforementioned method:<img file="TW583293B_D0062.tif" />

The final pre-coating volume is 100 gallons, the weight is 1406.78 lbs, the total PVC is 80.00%, the solid volume is 50.00%, the solid weight is 70.33%, the density is 14.0678 lbs/gallon, the pigment solid internal dispersant is 0.30%, and the latex solids are internally bound. The agent is 2.0%.

Example 47

This example describes the preparation of a pigment extender pre-coating, which can be used to mix with asphalt-based roofing materials with good adhesion, which includes mixing the following raw materials by the aforementioned method:<img file="TW583293B_D0063.tif" />

The final pre-paint has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 1406.90 lbs, a total PVC of 80.00%, a solid volume of 50.00%, a solid weight of 70.36%, a density of 14.0690 lbs/gallon, a pigment solid internal dispersant of 0.30%, and a latex solid internal binding The agent is 2.0%.

Example 48

This embodiment describes the preparation of a pigment extender pre-coating, which has better flame-retardant properties because it contains aluminum hydroxide. It includes the aforementioned method To mix the following ingredients:<img file="TW583293B_D0064.tif" />

The final pre-paint has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 1312.79 lbs, a total PVC of 80.00%, a solid volume of 50.00%, a solid weight of 68.24%, a density of 13.1279 lbs/gallon, a pigment solid internal dispersant of 0.30%, and a latex solid internal binding The agent is 2.0%.

Example 49

This example describes the preparation of a low Tg acrylic adhesive pre-coating, which has good temperature flexibility and good adhesion to asphalt roofing materials. The preparation of the pre-coating is to use a laboratory mixer with a stirring knife with a 45-degree angle of inclination. The raw materials and dosage are as follows:<img file="TW583293B_D0065.tif" />

The final pre-coating has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 859.93 pounds, a solid volume of 50.00%, a solid weight of 51.09%, a density of 8.5993 pounds per gallon, and a latex solid internal binder of 2.0%.

Example 50

This example describes the preparation of an acrylic adhesive pre-coating with a mid-range Tg value, which has good adhesion to asphalt roofing materials. The preparation of the pre-coating is to use a laboratory mixer with a stirring knife with a 45-degree angle of inclination. The raw materials and dosage are as follows:<img file="TW583293B_D0066.tif" />

The final pre-coating has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 860.52 pounds, a solid volume of 50.00%, a solid weight of 51.35%, a density of 8.6052 pounds per gallon, and a latex solid internal binder of 2.0%.

Example 51

This example describes the preparation of a brown pigment pre-paint containing zinc oxide, which involves mixing the following raw materials in a similar manner as described in Example 46:<img file="TW583293B_D0067.tif" />

The final pre-paint has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 2045.89 lbs, a total PVC of 80.00%, a solid volume of 45.00%, a solid weight of 77.35%, a density of 20.4589 lbs/gallon, a pigment solid internal dispersant of 0.50%, and a latex solid internal binding The agent is 3.0%.

Example 52

This example describes the preparation of a pigment supplement pre-coating containing crystalline silica. The silica supplement is known to provide good durability and resistance to abrasion. It involves mixing the following raw materials by the aforementioned method:<img file="TW583293B_D0068.tif" />

The final pre-paint has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 1,391.11 pounds, a total PVC of 80.00%, a solid volume of 50.00%, a solid weight of 69.92%, a density of 13.9111 lbs/gallon, a pigment solid internal dispersant of 0.75%, and a latex solid internal binding The agent is 2.0%.

Example 53

This example describes the preparation of 15 kinds of elastic roof coatings, each of which has different quality, moisture resistance, adhesion and flame resistance. It includes mixing the following 11 kinds of pre-paints in different proportions: white pre-paint (Example 43, 44 and 45), non-white pigment pre-paints (prepared in Example 51), extender pre-paints (prepared in Examples 46, 47, 48, and 52), and adhesive pre-paints (Example 40, 49 and 50 prepared). The coating preparation method is to add the pigment pre-coating and the extender pre-coating to the adhesive pre-coating Medium, then mix well.

Various pre-paints are mixed in the amounts shown in the table below. All weights in the table are in pounds. The volume of each elastic coating formulated according to the following table is 100 gallons and the solid volume is 45%.<img file="TW583293B_D0069.tif" />

The expected characteristics of PVC, titanium dioxide PVC, low-temperature flexibility and quality of the formulated elastic coating are listed in Table 3 below:<img file="TW583293B_D0070.tif" />

The quality shown in the above table includes several grades, which are determined by the durability and low-temperature flexibility of the elastic coating. In the foregoing example, different supplemental pre-paints are used to provide the anti-flammability properties of the dry paint. In addition, dry base coloring agents or no titanium dioxide are used to formulate colored paints. These examples It does not limit the applicability of the present invention. For example, all pigments and pigment supplements can be formulated with or without adhesives, and we can use those with a higher Tg value than the adhesive used in this example for the formulation of paints. In addition, the pigment supplement is not limited to the calcium carbonate series. The calcium carbonate in this example can be replaced with clay, silica, magnesium silicate and the like.

Example 54

This example describes the preparation of a white pigment pre-paint, which includes mixing the following raw materials:<img file="TW583293B_D0071.tif" />

The preparation of the pre-paint is to use a high-speed disperser, first add water, defoamer, dispersant and surfactant, mix briefly at a low speed, and then add the dry pigment. After all the dry pigments are added, the mixture is stirred at high speed for 15 to 20 minutes. These are methods known in the prior art.

The final pre-paint has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 1839.55 pounds, a total PVC of 100.00%, a solid volume of 40.12%, a solid weight of 72.60%, a density of 18.4495 pounds per gallon, and a pigment solid internal dispersant of 0.50%.

Example 55

This example describes the preparation of a small particle size extender pre-coating, which includes mixing the following raw materials:<img file="TW583293B_D0072.tif" />

The preparation of the pre-coat is to use a high-speed disperser, first add water, acrylic adhesive, defoamer, alkali and propylene glycol, mix briefly at a low speed, and then add the dry extender. After all the dry supplements are added, the mixture is stirred at high speed for 15 to 20 minutes. These are methods known in the prior art.

The final pre-paint has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 1379.93 pounds, a total PVC of 80.00%, a solid volume of 50.00%, a solid weight of 69.72%, a density of 13.7993 pounds per gallon, a pigment solid internal dispersant of 0.30%, and a latex solid internal binding The agent is 3.50%.

Example 56

This example describes the preparation of an adhesive pre-coating, which uses a laboratory mixer with a stirring knife with a 45-degree angle of inclination. The raw materials and dosage are as follows:<img file="TW583293B_D0073.tif" />

The final pre-coating volume is 100 gallons, the weight is 874.31 lbs, the solid volume is 40.00%, the solid weight is 42.83%, the density is 8.7431 lbs/gallon, and the latex solid internal binder is 3.50%.

Example 57

This example describes the preparation of an adhesive pre-coating with good low-temperature flexibility. A laboratory mixer with a stirring knife with a 45-degree angle of inclination is used. The raw materials and dosages are as follows:<img file="TW583293B_D0074.tif" />

The final pre-coating has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 857.59 pounds, a solid volume of 40.00%, a solid weight of 41.55%, a density of 8.5759 pounds per gallon, and a latex solid internal binder of 3.50%.

Example 58

This example describes the preparation of a small particle size flocculant, which can be used for Agglutination modifies a fine texture:<img file="TW583293B_D0075.tif" />

The final produced agglutinant has a total volume of 100 gallons, a weight of 2211.18 pounds, a solid volume of 100.00%, a solid weight of 100.00%, and a density of 22.1118 pounds per gallon.

Example 59

This example describes the preparation of a large particle size coagulant, which can provide rough texture, and is prepared by using a ribbon mixer:<img file="TW583293B_D0076.tif" />

The resulting total volume is 100 gallons, a weight of 2211.18 pounds, a solid volume of 100.00%, a solid weight of 100.00%, and a density of 22.1118 pounds per gallon.

Example 60

This example describes the preparation of 19 types of agglutinated coatings, each of which has Different quality, color intensity and texture, including mixing the following six pre-paints in different proportions: small particle size extender pre-paint (prepared in Example 55), adhesive pre-paint (prepared in Examples 56 and 57) ), white pigment pre-coating (prepared in Example 54) and large particle size aggregating agent (prepared in Examples 58 and 59). The preparation of agglomerated modified paint is to add the small particle size extender pre-coating to the adhesive extender, and then add the white pigment pre-coating. If necessary, add water and large particle size agglutinant at the end. All the ingredients are uniformly mixed in a ribbon mixer. The dosage of each ingredient is listed in the table below, and all weight units in the table are pounds. The volume of each agglomerated modified paint formulated according to the following table is 100 gallons and the solid volume is 67%.

Using the pre-formulations of Examples 54-57 and the mixture of large-particle agglomerates such as Examples 58 and 59, 19 agglomerated coatings of different sizes were prepared.<img file="TW583293B_D0077.tif" />

The formulated agglomerated modified paint, its PVC, titanium dioxide PVC, period The desired color strength, texture and low-temperature flexibility are listed in the table below:<img file="TW583293B_D0078.tif" />

The quality, texture and tone shown in the table above contain several levels, which are Determined by the particle size ratio of the coating PVC, titanium dioxide PVC and large particle size supplements. These examples do not limit the applicability of the present invention. For example, all pigments and pigment supplements can be formulated with or without adhesives; in addition, the supplements are not limited to the nepheline syenite series. The nepheline syenite in this example can be used including clay , Silica, magnesium silicate and calcium carbonate.

Example 61

The following pre-paints should provide a range of paints that can be used for wood, including those that contain opaque pigments ("pigment paints") and those that do not contain opaque pigments or supplementary pigments ("clear paints").

Adhesive pre-paint 1 is made by adding 7979 grams of Rhoplex CL-104 adhesive to the container. After thorough stirring, 800 grams of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 240 grams of dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether, and 1800 grams of water are added.

Adhesive precoat 2 is made by adding 6636 grams of Rhoplex CL-105 adhesive to the container. After fully stirring, 800 grams of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 240 grams of dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether, and 1800 grams of water are added.

Adhesive pre-coating 3 is made by adding 760 grams of RoShield 3188 adhesive to the container. After fully stirring, add 400 grams of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, 120 grams of dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether, 900 grams of water and 100 grams of Paraplex^T^M WP1 poly(propylene oxide), monocresol ether (Rohm and Haas company, Philadelphia, PA).

Additive precoat 1 is made by mixing 70 grams of Tego Foamex 805 defoamer and 30 grams of Tego Glide under stirring^T^M410 (50% solution dissolved in Dowanol DPM solvent) wax (Tego Chemical Service), 30 grams of Surfynol^T^M104 DPM surfactant, 25 grams of Acrysol^T^MRM-825 HASE thickener, and 200 grams of Michem Emulsion 39235.

The titanium dioxide precoat was prepared in a Cowles mixer as follows.<img file="TW583293B_D0079.tif" />

<img file="TW583293B_D0080.tif" />

Example 62

Prepare the following pre-coatings, and use a range of their formulations to be used for coatings on metal substrates (such as the manufacture or maintenance of common original equipment):<img file="TW583293B_D0081.tif" />pH=~8.5-9 Viscosity=90-110 KUHegmen grinder is suitable for this grade of pigment.

The above-mentioned pre-coatings can be combined to prepare the following coatings suitable for application on metals:<img file="TW583293B_D0082.tif" />

Example 63

From a limited set of starting mixtures ("semi-finished ink" or "semi-finished paint (pre-paint)"), a line of graphic arts ink can be formulated. The pre-coating is prepared as follows:

Precoat 1 ("Hard Adhesive Precoat") is made by adding 94 Lucidene 370 polymer (Rohm and Haas Company). After stirring well, add 5 parts of Luciwax 37 wax (Rohm and Haas Company) and 1 part of defoamer.

Precoat 2 ("Medium Tg Adhesive Precoat") was made by adding 94 parts of Lucidene 615 polymer (Rohm and Haas Company) to the container. After thoroughly stirring, add 5 parts of Luciwax 37 wax (Rohm and Haas Company) and 1 part of defoamer.

Precoat 3 ("Soft Adhesive Precoat") was made by adding 89 parts of Lucidene 605 polymer (Rohm and Haas Company) to the container. After stirring well, add 5 parts Luciwax 37 wax (Rohm and Haas Company), 1 part defoamer and 5 parts isopropanol.

Precoat 4 ("Alkali-soluble resin additive precoat") is Morcry 132 resin (Rohm and Haas Company), used at 32% solids at pH 8.5.

Precoat 5 ("Gloss Additive Precoat") is Morcry 350 resin (Rohm and Haas Company), used at 50% solids at pH 9.0.

Precoat 6 ("Wax Additive Precoat") is Michem Lube 743 wax (Michelman, Inc.), used at 32% solids at pH 7.0.

Add color to ink with pigment dispersant. For example, there are several colors to choose from, SunFlexiversse dispersant (SunChemical Co) with 40% solid content.

The product line of inks for graphic arts is detailed in the table below. Each product is made by mixing the indicated substances (and their weights) thoroughly. With water and Or isopropanol to adjust the final viscosity to the desired level. A range of substances shown can be formulated into a range of end products. For example, applying the highest amount of pre-coating 3 in the ink to the cold storage bag will produce the best low-temperature resistance to peeling. Applying the highest amount of pre-coating 4 to most of the inks can get a better transfer effect.<img file="TW583293B_D0083.tif" />

<img file="TW583293B_D0084.tif" /><img file="TW583293B_D0085.tif" />