Wireless data transmission method and apparatus

Wireless data transmission method and device

[Field of the invention]

The present invention relates to the technical field of data communication, in particular to a method and device for wireless data transmission between multiple electronic devices.

[Background of the invention]

In the conventional data communication technology, when it is desired to achieve data transmission between two or more computers or other electronic devices within a certain area, the most commonly used method is through the local network ( LocalArea Network) is connected to enable data exchange between computers and computers. However, because the local area network uses physical cables as the data transmission medium, in actual use, the configuration of the cables must be considered. As a result, the computer can only be fixed in a certain place and cannot be moved in response to the needs of use. In some applications, such as the clean room of a semiconductor factory, it is difficult to maintain the cable.

In order to avoid the problems caused by the use of cables, wireless transmission is used to exchange data between computers. For example, the existing Blue Tooth products use Code Division Multiple Accessing, CDMA) Given an orthogonal virtual random number encoding mechanism for each device to separate different multiplexed transmission devices, the 2.4GHz radio band is used, and the transmission distance is generally between 5 and 15 meters. The method requires complex coding and specially designed wireless transmission and transmission methods. Its transmission rate is 720Kbps and is currently expensive. The main application is to replace low-speed data transmission lines, such as coaxial cables, fax devices, and voice or message transmission of peripheral devices. Its transmission bandwidth is only suitable for the transmission of simple voice data, not for the rapid transmission of large amounts of data. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the aforementioned data transmission method.

For this reason, the inventor, based on the spirit of active invention, is eager to think of a "wireless data transmission method and device" that can solve the above-mentioned problems. After several studies and experiments, he finally completed this novel and advanced invention.

[Summary of the invention]

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wireless data transmission method and device, which can change the existing data transmission and network transmission system to wireless transmission with a simple hardware update, and is suitable for the rapid transmission of a large amount of data.

In order to achieve the foregoing purpose, the present invention uses N+1 time zones for data transmission between at least N electronic devices, where the first time zone is the control time zone for a master control device to perform control operations, and the rest The N time bands are the data time bands for the N electronic devices to send and receive data. When an electronic device is turned on, it first executes the startup connection procedure to perform at least one polling to determine the electronic devices Address and time zone; the electronic device then executes the construction process, which sends data in its own time zone, and can receive data at any time zone; and when two or more electronic devices are connected at the same time When a collision occurs when the procedure is applied to go online, an exception handling procedure is executed, so that after a delay of a random number of each of these electronic devices, the connection procedure is restarted, or when a collision occurs in data transmission, The main control device sends a deconstruction message in the first time zone; and, when a collision occurs and the main control device sends a deconstruction message, the deconstruction process is executed so that all electronic devices on the line except the main control device give up their addresses and return to Start the connection process; after the deconstruction process and a preset number of packets are sent, the master device sends a deconstruction message at the first time, and counts the usage flow of each electronic device, and decides that one electronic device is the main one Control device, the rest of the electronic devices give up their addresses in order to perform the optimal priority allocation process, where the optimal priority allocation process is to set the electronic device with larger usage flow to obtain more than one time zone or address , And the electronic device with low traffic is deconstructed by the main control device and enters an idle queue, and its address can be used to accept other new electronic devices that apply to go online, so as to achieve the effect of address virtualization.

Because the invention is novel in design, can be used in industry, and has enhanced efficacy, it is applied for a patent in accordance with the law.

In order to enable your reviewer to further understand the structure, features and purpose of the present invention, the drawings and detailed descriptions of preferred specific embodiments are attached as follows:

[Detailed description of preferred embodiments]

For the hardware architecture of the wireless data transmission device 10 of the present invention, please refer to the first figure. It mainly includes a wireless transceiver 11, a multiplexer 12, a demultiplexer 13, a full-duplex selector 14, And a microprocessor 15, where the wireless transceiver 11 is composed of a high-frequency variable-frequency transmitter and a receiver, which can adjust the change frequency according to the plan of the microprocessor 15 (the frequency value is between 2.4GHz~ 2.5GHz), and adopts pulse code modulation (PCM) to transmit or receive data in the form of radio waves to achieve data transmission without space constraints and avoid transmission failures caused by interference.

The multiplexer 12 multiplexes multiple data sets of a data source (Data Pool) 16 for sending data. On the contrary, the demultiplexer 13 demultiplexes the received data. Processing for storage in the data source 16, and the operating speed of the multiplexer 12 and the demultiplexer 13 can be set by the microprocessor 15 according to actual conditions, so as to obtain the fastest transmission performance.

The full-duplex selector 14 is arranged between the wireless transceiver 11, the multiplexer 12 and the demultiplexer 13, so that under the control of the microprocessor 15, the wireless transceiver 11 is selected to be connected to The multiplexer 12 or the demultiplexer 13 can transmit or receive data respectively.

The aforementioned wireless data transmission device 10 is connected to an electronic device 19 using a standard bus slot (such as an ISA bus) or an interface connection (such as an industrial PC104 interface), so that the microprocessor 15 connects the electronic The data packet to be transmitted by the device 19 is read to the data source 16 and is transmitted through the wireless transceiver 11 under the control of the microprocessor 15. On the contrary, the data packets received by the wireless transceiver 11 are also sent to the electronic device 19 via the data source 16 under the control of the microprocessor 15.

When the wireless data transmission device 10 of the present invention is used for data transmission between multiple electronic devices 19, it is necessary to connect a wireless data transmission device 10 to each electronic device 19, which is one of the wireless data transmission methods of the present invention. In a preferred embodiment, it can transmit data between at most N personal computers (PCs) (N2, where N is a natural number), and the transmission time period is divided into N+1 time bands ( Time Slice)T₀~T_NTo transmit control messages or data, as shown in the actual example in the second figure, assuming that N is 16, then 16 addresses A can be allocated₁~A₁₆Give the 16 PCs so that the 16 PCs form a wireless network and use the time zone T₀~T₁₆For wireless data transmission, where the time zone T₀For the control time zone for a master control device to perform control operations, the rest of the time zone is T₁~T₁₆These are the data time zones for the 16 PCs to send and receive data.

When a PC is turned on, the connected wireless transceiver device is under the control of the microprocessor 15 to perform a connection activation procedure to request to go online. The activation connection procedure is the first to perform a polling In the 17 time bands, 17 times of packet mixing are carried out. The format of the packet can be seen in the third figure, which is composed of header, address, control, data, and cheeksum. And stop byte (Stop Byte), the fourth figure shows the usage in each time zone of polling, where Tx and TxR represent transmission and transmission response respectively, Rx and RxR represent receiving and Receive a response, and when polling, the packet transmission is turned off (Disabe), and only the packet is received. After multiple polls (for example, 16 times), the following rules will be followed for each time Polling the number of packets received to determine the address of the PC and the time zone it belongs to:

(1) No packet received: It shows that no other PC is online, so set the address of this PC to A₁, Its available time band T₁, And designate the PC as the master control device, with the use of control operation time zone T₀Power.

(2) Two packets are received: it shows that a PC is online and uses the time band T₀And T₁, Therefore, set the address of the PC to A₂, The time zone used is T₂。

(3) Receive i packets (2i<17); it shows that (i-1) part of the PC is online, then set the address of the PC to A_i, The time zone used is T_i。。

(4) Only one packet is received or more than 17 packets are received: it shows that the reception is incorrect, and if the control time band is T₀If the packet is received normally, it can be judged and controlled based on the packet, and another polling is added to determine the second best of the PC and the time zone it belongs to. If the time zone is controlled as T₀If the packet reception is abnormal or not received, restart the connection procedure.

(5) 17 packets are received, which means that the line of the wireless network is full and cannot go online. It needs to enter a waiting queue.

And when a PC successfully goes online after starting the connection procedure, it will execute the construction procedure under the control of its microprocessor 15 to transmit or receive data packets, and the sending order is according to T₀, T₁To T₁₆Time zone and sequentially from address A₁To A₁₆The PC transmits packets, that is, each PC can send data in its own time zone, and can receive data in any time zone.

Pull A in position_iPC in time zone T_iWhen the data is not sent, it is necessary to send a non-action packet (NOP) to indicate that the PC is not operating at this time, and to increment a non-action counter and a cycle counter respectively, where the cycle counter is counting to At 17 o'clock, reset to 1 and cycle count. And if the PC sends data to another PC in this time zone and successfully receives the response approval signal, it will increment an action counter and the cycle counter respectively, but if it fails to receive the approval signal, it needs to retry the next poll. deliver. And in T_iOutside the time zone, the PC can only receive data packets or respond to an approval signal, and increment the cycle counter.

The example of the construction procedure in Figure 5 is the address A₁PC (to PCA₁Means) to transmit the packet to address A₂PC (as PC A₂Means), then PC A₁In time with T₁The destination address A₂Packet broadcast by PC A₂Receive and respond to the approval signal, the rest of the PCs do not respond, with T in the time zone₂Such as PC A₂If no data is sent, a NOP packet will be sent to the main control device and none of the other PCs will respond.

If at the same time two or more PCs start the connection procedure to apply for going online, there will be a collision and no response will be obtained. At this time, the wireless data transmission device 10 of these PCs will perform an exception handling procedure to obtain each one. After a random number of times and a delay of that time, restart the connection procedure to eliminate the occurrence of collisions. In addition, the wireless data transmission method of the present invention separates the sending and receiving time of each PC in a time interval, so there will be no data collision due to timing errors. However, since each PC applies for each count, there is It may miss counting (receiving loss) or synchronous counting (there are two or more PCs in the same time zone), which may cause data collision. The sixth figure shows when PC A₂With PC A₅In time zone T due to counting error_iSending packets at the same time, resulting in a mixture of packets and unable to receive the response acknowledgement. Therefore, in the exception handling procedure, after a round of transmission and reception, if the cycle count value is less than 17, in the next poll, the master control device (PC A₁) It is necessary to send a deconstruction signal to reorganize the connection to eliminate data collision.

When a collision occurs and the main control device sends a deconstruction message, the wireless data transmission devices 10 of the PCs will perform a deconstruction process, which causes all online PCs except the main control device to give up their addresses and return to the start connection. Online procedures to re-acquire the address. In addition, the deconstruction process can be executed after a preset number of packets are sent for optimal priority allocation, that is, a finite value M can be preset, and M*17 polled data can be operated on the connection After sending, the main control device in the time zone T₀Send out the deconstructed message and count the values of the action counters and non-action counters of each PC to determine the usage flow of each PC. According to this, the PC with the largest usage flow is determined as the next master control device, and the designated code of the master control device is sent Give it to the PC, and the rest of the PCs will give up their addresses, so as to carry out the optimal priority allocation procedure.

In this priority optimal allocation procedure, the PC with the larger value of the action counter can obtain more than one time zone, and when the number of online PCs K is less than 16, it can obtain more than one address, that is T_i1,T_i2,...T_iK<img file="TW453071B_D0001.tif" />T_jAnd A_i1,A_i2,...A_iK<img file="TW453071B_D0001.tif" />A_j, Among them, 1K16, ij, and the PC with the larger value of the inactive counter is deconstructed by the master control device and enters an idle queue (Idle Queue). The seventh figure shows that the priority is the highest. An example of the best distribution program, which shows PC A_iIt has a larger usage flow rate and PC A_jAnd A_kIt has a smaller usage flow, therefore, the main control device is set to transfer the control to PC A_i, And the deconstruction message sent specifies that PC A_jAnd A_kMove to idle queue 71 and set address A_jAssigned to PC A_i, A_kIt becomes a vacant address, and then reorganizes the connection to obtain the optimized usage efficiency. For example, when the PC in the idle queue 71 wants to transmit data, it enters a waiting queue 72 after waking up, and then starts to start The procedure of the connection to obtain the address.

In addition, the optimal priority allocation procedure can achieve the effect of address virtualization, which is when i PCs enter the idle state (1iK16), then another 16 i PC applications can be accepted at the same time Go online for data transmission. Therefore, the address can be reused to achieve the effect of virtual expansion.

In summary, the present invention has shown its characteristics different from those of conventional technologies in terms of purpose, means and effects. It is a major breakthrough in wireless communication technology. I sincerely ask your examiner to investigate and grant the patent as soon as possible. To benefit the society, the real sense of virtue is convenient. However, it should be noted that many of the above-mentioned embodiments are merely examples for the convenience of description, and the scope of rights claimed in the present invention should be subject to the scope of the patent application, and not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments.

<p>(10) Wireless data transmission device</p><p>(11) Wireless transceiver (12) Multiplexer</p><p>(13) Demultiplexer (14) Full duplex selector</p><p>(15) Microprocessor (16) Data source</p><p>(19) Electronic device (71) Idle queue</p><p>(72) Waiting Queue</p>

The first figure is a functional block diagram of the wireless data transmission device of the present invention.

The second figure is a schematic diagram of the wireless network architecture operating according to the wireless data transmission method of the present invention.

The third figure shows a data packet format.

The fourth figure is a schematic diagram of the operation operation when starting the connection procedure.

The fifth figure is a schematic diagram of the operation operation when constructing the program.

The sixth figure is a schematic diagram of the operation operation in the exception handling procedure.

The seventh figure is a schematic diagram of the operation operation during the optimal priority allocation procedure.