Coke oven with optimised control and method for control

Coke oven with optimized control and method for control

The present invention relates to a coke oven (meaning a non-recovery and/or heat recovery coke oven) constructed as a flat structure, which includes at least one measuring device to measure the gas in the coke oven chamber, coke oven bottom and/or waste gas channel The component concentration, and the optimal supply of the main air and/or the second air is determined and controlled by a processing computer based on this data. Also included in the present invention is a coking step using this type of coke oven.

The heating of the heat recovery coke oven is usually by burning the gas used for coking and/or by burning the light volatile matter part of the coal to be coked. The combustion system is controlled in the following way: a part of the gas above the coal feed is combusted with the main air in the coke oven chamber. This partially burned air is supplied to the bottom of the coke oven through a gas channel (also called a downcomer), and is completely burned there by another combustion air (which is called second air).

In this way, the heat system is directly supplied from the top or indirectly from the bottom to the packed coal, thus generating a positive impact on the coking rate, and therefore, an impact on the working efficiency of the coke oven. In order to implement this method, it requires precise rate and change control of the main air and secondary air supplied during the entire coking time, which may be as long as 96 hours. The heat recovery and non-recovery coke ovens built into a flat structure are widely described in the prior art. For example, refer to patents US 4,344,820, US 4,287,024, US 5,114,542, GB 1 555 400 or CA 2 052 177C.

According to the traditional state of the prior art in this technical field, the main air is sucked in from outside air through the port in the door. The second air is sucked in through a port close to the ground and is guided to the heating pipe via a pipe, which mainly extends horizontally at the bottom of the coke oven chamber. The ports for the main air and the second air may be permanently open or provided with valve flaps designed to adjust the amount of air to be fed.

Because the coke oven battery is very large, and because it usually generates very high temperatures, and also causes serious dust accumulation problems, only the manually adjustable exhaust valve flap is disclosed in the prior art. U.S. Patent No. 5,928,476 describes this type of coke oven battery, in which three manually operated ports are provided in each coke oven door, and a plate or disc is provided in it or at the front, which conforms to the cross-sectional shape of the port. And is supported at the central axis. These port flaps can be manually changed their positions via levers.

The German patent DE102005055483.0-24 of the applicant in this case discloses a central adjustment element which allows continuous control of the main air and the second air.

However, in practice, it is obvious that it is difficult to change the coal quality using the coking oven of the previous technology due to different coal crushing degree, coal moisture or inert content, etc., and unnecessary long coking time must also be considered. , To obtain high coke quality.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to make up for the above-mentioned shortcomings in an economical manner, and to ensure an optimal supply of primary air and/or secondary air, so as to improve the efficiency of the coke oven and therefore the coking time.

The present invention solves this problem by providing a coke oven with a flat structure (meaning a coke oven without recovery and/or heat recovery), which includes a coke oven chamber and a coke oven bottom, which contains Channel, wherein the coke oven chamber and the coke oven bottom are connected to each other via a gas channel, and one of the opening ports for supplying main air to the coke oven bottom and for supplying second air to the coke oven bottom Or a plurality of opening ports or passages are arranged in the coke oven wall or coke oven door, and the closing device is arranged before the opening ports or in the pipelines leading to the opening ports.

Therefore:-at least one measuring device for measuring the concentration of gas components in the coke oven chamber, coke oven bottom and/or waste gas channel is connected to the coke oven; and-this measuring device is then connected to a computer unit. In this way, this The computer unit can receive data and measurement results from the measuring device; and-the computer unit is connected to one or more adjustment devices of the closing device, where the closing device can be a valve, a flap, a sliding door or the like.

An improved change is to install a temperature measuring device at the bottom of the coke oven or in the waste gas channel of the coke oven, wherein the temperature measuring device is also connected to the computer unit, in this way, the computer unit can receive from the temperature measuring device Measurement results.

The measuring device is ideally an analyzer for measuring hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide, and the measuring device is connected to the coke oven chamber via a pipeline. The concentration of these main components or the concentration of one of these main components is closely related to the state of coking during coking.

First of all, the hydrogen system is the last coal component to burn, so it is an ideal indicator to indicate the end of the coking time. Therefore, using the coke oven realized by the present invention, it can control the coking step by reaching the end of the coking time, in which the H₂The amount is 0%. If H₂Burning out prematurely represents increased combustion and/or incineration of available coking coal, which represents an economic shortcoming.

In another variation of the present invention, the measuring device is a lambda (lambda) probe installed in the bottom of the coke oven or in the waste gas channel to determine the oxygen content. With this lambda probe and by controlling the feedback of the second air, it can ensure that the coke oven must be completely combusted without a drastic temperature drop, which will cause the coking time to be prolonged.

In a further variation of the present invention, at least one analyzer for measuring hydrogen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide and dioxide probe and a lambda probe for measuring oxygen are provided.

In addition, the present invention includes a method for coking, wherein the above-mentioned coke oven is implemented in one of the disclosed embodiments, wherein:-the coke oven is filled with coal and wherein the coking step starts;-one or more The concentration of each gas component is analyzed during the coking period;-this data is transmitted to a computer unit;-the computer unit determines the supply of primary air and/or secondary air based on the stored separation values or model calculations; and -This computer unit activates the control unit of the closing device for the main air and/or the second air via the control line; and therefore-it can control the main air and/or the second air.

In a further variation of this method:-the temperature in the coke oven bottom and/or waste gas channel is measured; and-this data is transmitted to a computer unit; and-the computer unit is then based on the stored separation value or model Calculate to determine the supply of primary air and/or secondary air; and-the control unit of the shut-off device for primary air and/or secondary air is controlled via the control line; and therefore-control and manage the primary air during coking And/or second air.

The method of implementing the present invention is applied in this way: during the coking period, the average temperature in the bottom of the coke oven drops from 350°C to 400°C, but does not drop below 1000°C. In addition, an optimization is to control and manage the oxygen concentration in the waste gas channel to always maintain the volume in the range of 7.5% to 8.5%.

The present invention is illustrated by taking the embodiment shown in the first figure as an example, but the present invention is not limited to the example of this embodiment. The first figure depicts a coke oven, which is mainly composed of a coke oven chamber 1 and a coke oven bottom 2, wherein the individual chambers or passages of the coke oven bottom 2 are not shown. The coke oven chamber 1 is connected to the coke oven bottom 2 via a gas channel 3. The main air can be input into the coke oven chamber 1 via a pipeline 4, and a control valve flap 7 is arranged in the pipeline 4. The second gas can be input into the coke oven bottom 2 via a pipeline 5, and a control valve flap 8 is arranged in the pipeline 5. The pipeline 9 is used to extract a small amount of gas volume flow from the coke oven chamber 1 and connects the coke oven chamber 1 with an analyzer 10, which is suitable for H₂Measurement. The gas system to be measured and delivered in the pipeline 9 is sent out by the compressor 11 and delivered to the analyzer 10. A heat exchanger 12 is installed upstream of the compressor 11 to cool the gas. Via line 21, the gas volume flow system returns to the coke oven chamber 1.

In addition, the temperature measuring device 13 arranged in the coke oven bottom 2 and the lambda probe 14 arranged in the waste gas channel 6 are schematically shown. Via the data buses 17 and 18, the measured values are sent to the computer unit 16, which also receives the measured values from the analyzer 10 via the data bus 15. Via the control line 19, the computer unit 16 controls the control valve flap 7 and therefore regulates the volume flow of the main air and regulates the temperature in the coke oven chamber 1 respectively. In addition, the computer unit 16 controls the control valve flap 8 via the control line 20, thereby regulating the volume flow of the second air, and therefore the temperature in the coke oven bottom 2 and the oxygen content in the waste gas channel 6.

By applying the method described above and the device implementing the present invention, it is controlled to substantially reduce the coking time. Now, it can reliably achieve a coking time of less than 48 hours. Compared with the prior art, it shows a significant improvement in coking performance.

<p>1. . . Coke oven room</p><p>2. . . Coke oven bottom</p><p>3. . . Gas channel</p><p>4. . . Pipeline</p><p>5. . . Pipeline</p><p>6. . . Waste gas channel</p><p>7. . . Control valve clack</p><p>8. . . Control valve clack</p><p>9. . . Pipeline</p><p>10. . . Analyzer</p><p>11. . . compressor</p><p>12. . . Heat exchanger</p><p>13. . . Temperature measuring device</p><p>14. . . Lambda probe</p><p>15. . . Data bus</p><p>16. . . Computer unit</p><p>17. . . Data bus</p><p>18. . . Data bus</p><p>19. . . Control line</p><p>20. . . Control line</p>

The first figure depicts a coke oven, which is mainly composed of a coke oven chamber 1 and a coke oven bottom 2, wherein the individual chambers or passages of the coke oven bottom 2 are not shown.