Dynamic channel allocation method
Abstract
In a multichannel time division multiple access (TDMA) mobile radio communication system prior to a collision between a time slot used in a base station or mobile station and a time slot employed by another base station or mobile station, a free channel is selected. This is effected by a particular station receiving a signal from a different station using a different time slot at the same frequency, with independent synchronization (and possibly with a different time slot timing) and estimating the chance of a collision between the time slots, and then depending on the estimate conducting a transition 306 to a detected free channel. This collision avoidance enables multichannel TDMA to be applied to existing mobile telephone systems operating in an asynchronous manner. <IMAGE>

Term
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6 claims: 4 independent, 2 dependent
- 1Patentkrav 1. Dynamiskt kanalallökeringsförfarande inom mobil radiokommunikation mellan ett flertal basstationer och mobila stationer som mottager en kommunikationsservice från basstationerna, varvid varje basstation är uppkopplad till ett nätverk och varvid varje basstation för sig fastställer synkronisering för den mobila radiokommunikationen varvid varje basstation har:ett flertal signalöverföringskanaler som var och en definieras av en kombination av en frekvens och ett par tidsdelar för sändning och mottagning av en kommunikationssignal utvald från ett flertal frekvenser och ett flertal tidsdelar för att åstadkomma en kommunikation medelst tiddelning (TDMA)/tidduplex (TDD), innefattande steget att: upprätta kommunikation mellan utvalda bas- och mobilstationer medelst respektive kanaler;kännetecknat av stegen att: orsaka var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna att kontrollera huruvida en kommunikationssignal föreligger, från en åtskild station, som etablerar synkronisering oberoende av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna och som sänder på en annan kanal som har samma frekvens som den kanal som används av de utvalda basoch mobilstationerna och en åtskild tidsdel i förhållande till en tidsdel som används av var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna för att mottaga en kommunikationssignal;mäta, vid var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna, när kommunikationssignalen från den åtskilda stationen föreligger, en tidsskillnad mellan den tidsdel som används av den åtskilda stationen och den tidsdel som används av var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna;uppskatta, vid var och en av de utvalda bas- och 516 557 mobilstationerna, en sannolikhet baserad på ett resultat av mätningen, för en kollision mellan tidsdelen som används av den åtskilda stationen och tidsdelen som används av var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna;åstadkomma, vid var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna, en sökning genom alla lediga kanaler för att detektera lediga kanaler som inte används av några andra stationer, innan kollisionen mellan tidsdelarna inträffar, baserat på ett resultat av uppskattningen;orsaka en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna som har detekterat den lediga kanalen att informera de övriga av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna om den lediga kanalen;och genomföra, vid den utvalda basstationen när en ledig kanal har detekterats, en kanalövergång från den kanal som används av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna till den lediga kanalen, därigenom allokerande den lediga kanalen till de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna.
- 2Dynamiskt kanalallokeringsförfarande enligt krav 1, vidare innefattande stegen att:avkänna, vid var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna, när kommunikationssignalen från den åtskilda stationen föreligger, en mottagningsnivå hos den från den den åtskilda stationen mottagna kommunikationssignalen för att detektera en stigande punkt hos kommunikationssignalens mottagning och en fallande punkt på denna;avkänna, baserat på de stigande och fallande punkterna, ett första stycke och ett sista stycke av tidsdelen som utnyttjas av den åtskilda stationen;detektera ett läge för den tidsdel som utnyttjas av den åtskilda stationen beroende av de sålunda avkända första och sista styckena;och detektera en tidsskillnad mellan den tidsdel som används av den åtskilda stationen och den tidsdel som används av ovannämnda var och en av de utvalda bas- och 516 557 mobilstationerna.
- 3Dynamiskt kanalallokeringsförfarande enligt krav 1, vidare innefattande stegen att:avkänna, vid var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna, när kommunikationssignalen från den åtskilda stationen föreligger, en ramsynkroniseringssignal ingående i kommunikationssignalen från den åtskilda stationen;detektera en position hos den tidsdel som utnyttjas av den åtskilda stationen beroende av ramsynkroniseringssignalen ingående i kommunikationssignalen från den åtskilda stationen;och detektera en tidsskillnad mellan den tidsdel som utnyttjas av den åtskilda stationen och den tidsdel som används av ovannämnda var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna.
- 4Dynamiskt kanalallokeringsförfarande enligt något av kraven 1-3, innefattande stegen att:upprätta kommunikation mellan en utvald basstation och en utvald mobilstation medelst en kanal;orsaka var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna att mottaga en kommunikationssignal avsedd för ovannämnda var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna och att kontrollera huruvida en en kommunikationssignal föreligger, från en åtskild station, som etablerar synkronisering oberoende av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna och som sänder på en annan kanal som har samma frekvens som den kanal som används av de utvalda basoch mobilstationerna och en .åtskild tidsdel i förhållande till en tidsdel som används av var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna för att mottaga en kommunikationssignal;avkänna, vid var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna, när kommunikationssignalen från den åtskilda stationen föreligger, en mottagningsnivå hos den kommunikationssignal som är avsedd för ovannämnda var och en 516 557 av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna och dito för kommunikationssignalen från den åtskilda stationen;åstadkomma, vid var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna, en jämförelse mellan de resp. mottagningsnivåerna hos kommunikationssignalen avsedd för ovannämnda var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna och dito för den åtskilda stationen, när en sannolikhet uppskattas för att det inträffar en kollision mellan den tidsdel som utnyttjas av ovannämnda varje station och dito som utnyttjas av den åtskilda stationen som ett resultat av avkännandeåtgärden;genomföra, vid var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna, när det är detekterat att mottagningsnivån hos kommunikationssignalen från den åtskilda stationen är tillräckligt stark för att interferera med den kommunikationssignal som är avsedd för ovannämnda var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna, en sökning genom alla lediga kanaler för att detektera lediga kanaler som inte utnyttjas av några andra stationer innan det inträffar en kollision mellan tidsdelen som används av ovannämnda var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna och tidsdelen som används av den åtskilda stationen;orsaka en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna som har detekterat den lediga kanalen att informera de övriga av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna om den lediga kanalen;och genomföra, vid den utvalda basstationen, när en ledig kanal har detekterats, en kanalövergång från den kanal som används av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna till den lediga kanalen, därigenom allokerande den lediga kanalen till de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna.
- 5Dynamiskt kanalallokeringsförfarande enligt något av kraven 1-4, innefattande stegen att:upprätta kommunikation mellan en utvald basstation och en utvald mobilstation medelst en kanal;ställa in, såsom identifieringspunkter, en tidpunkt 516 557 före ett första stycke av en tidsdel som används av ovannämnda var och en -av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna för att mottaga en kommunikationssignal sänd dit och en tidpunkt efter ett sista stycke av tidsdelen;orsaka var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna att kontrollera huruvida en kommunikationssignal föreligger, från en åtskild station, som etablerar synkronisering oberoende av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna och som sänder på en annan kanal som har samma frekvens som den kanal som används av de utvalda basoch mobilstationerna och en åtskild tidsdel i förhållande till en tidsdel som används av var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna för att mottaga en kommunikationssignal;avkänna, vid var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna, när kommunikationssignalen från den åtskilda stationen föreligger, ett tillstånd vid en punkt inom ett område mellan identifieringspunkterna, vid vilket tillstånd det föreligger åtminstone endera av ett första stycke, ett sista stycke, eller ett ramsynkroniseringssignalfält hos tidsdelen som används av den åtskilda stationen;uppskatta, vid var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna, vid en detektering av tillståndet, en förekomst av en kollision mellan tidsdelen som används av den åtskilda stationen och tidsdelen som används av var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna;åstadkomma, vid var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna, en sökning genom alla lediga kanaler för att detektera lediga kanaler som inte används av några andra stationer, innan kollisionen mellan tidsdelarna inträffar, baserat på ett resultat av uppskattningen;orsaka en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna som har detekterat den lediga kanalen att informera de övriga av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna om den lediga kanalen;och genomföra, vid den utvalda basstationen när en ledig kanal har detekterats, en kanalövergång från den kanal som används av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna till den 516 557 lediga kanalen, därigenom allokerande den lediga kanalen till de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna.
- 6Dynamiskt kanalallokeringsförfarande enligt något av kraven 1-5, innefattande stegen att:upprätta kommunikation mellan en utvald basstation och en utvald mobilstation medelst en kanal;orsaka var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna att mottaga en kommunikationssignal avsedd för ovannämnda var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna och att kontrollera huruvida en en kommunikationssignal föreligger, från en åtskild station, som etablerar synkronisering oberoende av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna och som sänder på en annan kanal som har samma frekvens som den kanal som används av de utvalda basoch mobilstationerna och en åtskild tidsdel i förhållande till en tidsdel som används av var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna för att mottaga en kommunikationssignal;detektera, vid var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna, när kommunikationssignalen från den åtskilda stationen föreligger, åtminstone ettdera av ett första stycke, ett sista stycke, och ett ramsynkroniseringsfält hos den tidsdel som används av ovannämnda varje station för att mottaga en kommunikationssignal sänd dit och åtminstone ettdera av ett första stycke, ett sista stycke, och ett ramsynkroniseringsfält hos den åtskilda tidsdelen som används av den åtskilda stationen, så att en position hos tidsdelen som används av ovannämnda var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna och en position hos tidsdelen som används av den åtskilda stationen detekteras;detektera, vid var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna, en förändring med hänsyn till tidens gång i ett relativt positionsförhållande mellan å ena sidan åtminstone endera av det första stycket, det sista stycket, och ramsynkroniseringsfältet hos den tidsdel som används av ovannämnda var och en av de utvalda bas- och 516 557 mobilstationerna, och å andra sidan åtminstone endera av det första stycket, det sista stycket och ramsynkroniseringsfältet hos den tidsdel som används av den åtskilda stationen;beräkna, vid var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna, en relativ förflyttande hastighet hos den tidsdel som används av den åtskilda stationen i förhållande till den tidsdel som används av ovannämnda var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna, varvid hastigheten är relativ till den tidsdel som utnyttjas av ovannämnda varje station;åstadkomma, vid var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna, en beräkning för att uppskatta en tidpunkt när den tidsdel som används av ovannämnda varje station för att mottaga kommunikationssignalen dit i tiden överlappar med den tidsdel som används av den åtskilda stationen, baserat på den relativa förflyttande hastigheten hos den tidsdel som används av den åtskilda stationen relativt den tidsdel som används av ovannämnda var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna, och på positionerna hos den tidsdel som används av var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna och den tidsdel som används av den åtskilda stationen;åstadkomma, vid var och en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna, en sökning genom alla lediga kanaler för att detektera lediga kanaler som inte används av några andra stationer, innan kollisionen mellan tidsdelarna inträffar, baserat på ett resultat av uppskattningen;orsaka en av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna som har detekterat den lediga kanalen att informera de övriga av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna om den lediga kanalen;och genomföra, vid den utvalda basstationen när en ledig kanal har detekterats, en kanalövergång från den kanal som används av de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna till den lediga kanalen, därigenom allokerande den lediga kanalen till de utvalda bas- och mobilstationerna. 516 557 CM ο Ul 516 557 If) Ο ro ro 516 557 FI G . 4 420 516 557 to ο IL. CM CM co iC co co k: cl I I CM CM CO CO CL Μη CM k co io -------GO l·to to Μη CM CM l·co IO ΜooK co IO Μη CM hCD IO -ΜCM s co IO Μη CM 00K to IO £2 I I Φ co co . X. 0. o lZ CM CM co CL γιο IO ΜCM CM CO CM CO CM CO CL
Independent claims6
262 paragraphs in 2 sections, as filed
(54) DESIGNATION Dynamic Channel Allocation Procedure (56) MENTIONED PUBLICATIONS:
EP A 186 229, EP A 295 227, GB A 2 229 (57) SUMMARY:
Dynamic channel allocation method for a digital, mobile, portable telephone system comprising a plurality of base stations connected to a public telecommunications network and / or a subscriber exchange (PSTN, PBX, ISDN) each providing synchronization in an independent manner and a plurality of noble stations receiving service from the base stations, wherein in communication, each base station utilizes a communication signal transmission channel comprising a pair of a frequency and a time portion selected from a plurality of frequencies and a plurality of associated time portions, to implement a multichannel timed multiplex / timed duplex communication. Each of the base and mobile stations receives (PSTN, PBX, ISDN, 330) a communication signal from a separate station which communicates with synchronization independently of the current station by utilizing a separate time division at the same channel frequency used by the station to receive a communication sent there to measure an interval or distance between the time part used by the separated station and the time part assigned thereto. Based on the result of the measurement, a probability of a collision between these two time periods is estimated (305), so that depending on the result of the estimate the current station detects free channels that are not used by any other stations to perform a channel transition to one of the detected free channels.
Osaka JP
065
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IN
Background of the invention
Field of invention
The present invention relates to a method for dynamically allocating frequencies for use in a digital, mobile, portable telephone system which provides communications using multiple access time division multiple division (TDMA), and more particularly to a dynamic frequency allocation method for use in a several asynchronous digital mobile portable telephone systems capable of preventing radio interference due to interferences between the resp. systems.
Description of related technology
Recently, mobile communications have developed with an astonishing degree; in particular, the mobile portable telephone systems have come to a number of uses.
In today's state of the art regarding the mobile portable telephone, a multiple access frequency division (FDMA) system has generally been used in which radio communication is provided by using a special frequency in a one-to-one procedure between a mobile station and a base station which is permanently connected to a fixed telephone network.
In the mobile portable telephone systems that use the FDMA procedure, the areas for carrier selection assigned to the respective systems apart so that each system is allowed to use exclusively a unique carrier. As a consequence, the possibility of joint use of an identical carrier between two or more systems need not be taken into account.
On the other hand, a multiplex communication system other than the above-mentioned FDMA communication system has been used, namely a TDMA multiplex communication system in which a
516 557 carrier with a preset frequency is divided in terms of time for communications.
The system with TDMA multiplex communication has already been used in a communication system that performs communications between fixed stations. In particular, in many cases a multi-carrier TDMA communication system has been utilized using a plurality of carriers in which each carrier is divided into a plurality of time portions. When communication is effected between a fixed central station and a fixed terminal station, a channel search is performed through the channels each comprising a carrier and a time part to select therefrom a free channel which is not used for communication between other central stations and terminal stations, thereby providing communication.
In conventional multiplex communication according to the multicarrier TDMA procedure between the fixed central station and the fixed terminal, the areas for carrier selection that are allocated to resp. communication systems between the fixed stations from each other. Namely, the communication between them is effected in accordance with a slave synchronization or subordinate synchronization in which a fixed terminal station determines synchronization in relation to a fixed central station in a subordinate manner.
As a result, there is no interference between the terminal stations in an identical communication system between fixed terminal stations. Furthermore, the ranges of carrier selection vary between communication systems, making it unnecessary for users to consider the possibility of sharing an identical carrier between systems.
The use of the multi-carrier TDMA communication system in mobile portable telephone communications and car telephone communications utilizing digitized or digital signals has been discussed for the following reasons. In each communication system, the base station allows access to a plurality of mobile stations to reduce the number of base stations
516 557 must be installed, thereby reducing the cost of the system. Furthermore, the communication system is capable of taking care of an increased number of users without installing additional base stations.
According to the TDMA procedure in the mobile portable telephone system and in the car telephone system which uses digital signals, the base station resp. the mobile station the central station and the terminal station which in the conventional TDMA communication system is arranged between the fixed stations.
However, since the mobile portable telephone system and the car telephone system utilizing digital signals are characterized by resp. terminal stations are mobile, ie. are not permanently installed, it is difficult to allocate a fixed carrier frequency to be used by each pair of a base station and a mobile station.
To overcome this difficulty, a dynamic channel allocation is used. By this is meant that the carrier used by the pair consisting of a base station and a mobile station is not specifically determined, so that a pair consisting of a mobile station and a base station usually in a state of waiting for a fixed carrier searches for a plurality of carriers for a free channel or an available channel at the initiation of a communication, thereby performing communication through the channel.
Under this condition, in the case of the car telephone system, since a connection object to which the central station i.e. the base station of the car telephone of the TDMA communication system is to be connected is a car telephone network, the synchronization between the resp. namely, the base stations between the car telephone systems are maintained when the base station of each car telephone system establishes a subordinate synchronization with respect to synchronization of the car telephone network. This thus guarantees the base stations to allocate resp. time parts thus obtained by the time division of the associated ones
516 557 terminal stations without any fear of interference between car telephone systems.
Unlike the car telephone system, the switching object of the former case mobile portable telephone system is usually a public telephone or a pay station network, a subscriber exchange (PBX), or the like. Consequently, it is quite difficult to obtain a synchronization time signal from the network side, when the subordinate synchronization is provided with respect to these networks. Thus, it is disadvantageously required of the base station that it independently generate a transmission clock signal.
According to the carrier selection method conventionally used in this regard in mobile portable telephone communication, each telephone system selects a carrier from a carrier area uniquely assigned to it, and thus it is not necessary for each base station to overall control the carrier areas applicable to all base stations. Ie they have not been provided with a device for overall carrier control.
As a result, and since any base station in a telephone system may not recognize a carrier selected by a base station in another system, there may be a probability that one and the same carrier is selected by a plurality of base stations in the mobile portable. the telephone communication, when the TDMA procedure is used in the mobile portable telephone communication according to the prior art.
In this mode, however, the base station in each system independently generates the transmission clock signal described above. When the transmission clock frequencies are not synchronized with each other between the base stations of the resp. the telephone systems and the width of the transmission clock signals differ from each other between a plurality of base stations which select one and the same carrier, consequently the synchronization time of the time part varies between the resp. systems.
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Figs. 5 and 6 show the signal function states in the above-mentioned situations.
Fig. 5 is a signal timing diagram showing with bipolar pulse images a state of a communication initiation in which the base stations KS1 and KS2 of two different telephone systems each start communications with mobile stations PS1 and PS2 by utilizing different time portions of one and the same carrier. In this diagram, the upper resp. the lower parts communication states that are developed in the base stations KS1 resp. KS2.
In the diagram according to Fig. 5, each abscissa axis is divided into pieces representing a time part, and the numbers above and below the axis refer to numbers assigned resp. time slice. Timers shown over the axis are used to transmit signals from the base stations KS1 resp. KS2 to the mobile stations PS1 resp. PS2. The time sections shown below the axis are used to transmit signals from the mobile stations PS1 resp. PS2 to the base stations KS1 resp. KS2.
Time portions each included in a frame are acquired by a pair of the base station KS1 and the mobile station PS1, respectively. a pair of the base station KS2 and the mobile station PS2 in an independent manner for communications.
In the diagram according to Fig. 5, the base station KS1 initiates a communication in a first time part of a carrier, while the base station KS2 starts a communication in a third time part of the same carrier. However, these two base stations KS1 and KS2 operate in an asynchronous manner in relation to each other and their respective transmitter clock signals are generated in different ways. Consequently, an interval of time portions generated by the base station KS1 is not necessarily equal to that of the time portions produced by the base station KS2.
When the transmitter clock interval of the transmitter clock signals provided by the base station KS1 differs from that of the transmitter clock signals generated by the base station KS2
516 557, the part lengths of the time parts vary between the base stations KS1 and KS2. When e.g. the time division lengths of the pair consisting of the base station KS1 and the mobile station PS1 are shorter than the time division lengths of the pair consisting of the base station KS2 and the mobile station PS2, the third time portion used by the base station KS2 is shifted backwards with respect to the first time portion used by base station KS1.
As a result, the interval of about 2.5 to 3.5 parts between the first part used by the base station KS1 and the third time part used by the base station KS2 is changed or lowered at the initiation of the communication from the state in Fig. 5 with the passage of time to the state according to Fig. 6. The interval between the parts is namely gradually reduced and thus signals transmitted from the resp. stations cause interference with each other in some cases.
More specifically, the base stations KS1 and KS2 acquire these time parts for communication upon confirmation that these time parts do not interfere with each other at the start of the communication. Fig. 5 shows the relationship between the time parts at the initiation of the communication. The state of these time portions then changes, more specifically, the distance between them is reduced as shown in Fig. 6. This ultimately leads to a problem of a collision occurring between time slots used by the base stations and thus lowering the quality of the speech or telephone communication.
Summary of the invention
Thus, an object of the present invention is to provide a dynamic frequency allocation method which comprises selecting another free channel to change the channel used in a base station (the own base station) before a collision occurs between a time part used in the own base station and a time portion used by another base station, to prevent collision with the time portion used by another base station, thus, a TDMA procedure of a multi516 557 channel can be easily applied to a plurality of existing cordless telephone systems operating according to the FDMA procedure in an asynchronous manner with respect to each other, thereby eliminating the problem in the prior art.
To achieve the above object of the present invention, in a communication via a mobile radio communication path between a plurality of base stations which are connected to a network and independently establish synchronization and mobile stations receiving services from the base stations, a transmission channel for communication signal defined is used. of a combination of a frequency and a time part. By this is meant that each base station is capable of from a plurality of frequencies and a plurality of time portions associated with the resp. the frequencies select a frequency and a time division, thereby providing communication in conformity with a multichannel ten-part multiplex / duplex communication procedure. Each of the base stations and mobile stations in the respective The telephone systems use different time portions at a frequency which is identical to a frequency of a channel which is used to receive a communication signal transmitted to the own station. The current station, ie. the own station, in the telephone system receives a communication signal from another, separate station which uses a separate time part at the same frequency as that used by its own station with a synchronization which is independent of the own station to measure a distance between the time part which used by the different station and ditto used by the own station. Based on the result of the measurement, the station estimates a collision between its own time part and the time part used by the different station. All free channels not used by another station are detected and the channels used by the station and a station communicating with it are replaced at the same time with the detected free channels before a collision occurs.
To avoid the collision between the time slots at the same frequency, both the base and the mobile stations receive a communication signal between different stations which communicate using a different time slot at the same frequency as that used by the own station with synchronization which is independent of its own station to detect the signal level of the communication signal between the different stations.
The reception level of the communication signal received from the different station is compared with that of the communication signal intended for the own station. When the reception level of the communication signal from the different station, as a result of the comparison, is detected to be strong enough to interfere with the communication signal intended for its own station, the own station detects all free channels not used by another station. The channels used by the own station and a station that communicates with it are replaced at the same time as the detected free channels before the collision occurs.
Accordingly, in accordance with the present invention, the own station detects a period of a carrier used by a different station to compare the frequency period with that of its own carrier. Based on the results of the comparison, the own station detects that the time part thereof is in the vicinity of a time part of the carrier used by the different station. Under this condition, each station generating its own transmission clock signal to determine a frame synchronization is capable of selecting free channels to effect a channel change for the communication, before a collision occurs between the time part used by the station in question and the time part used by the different station. base station. As a result, the collision between the own time part with the time part belonging to the different base station can be prevented. This means that the procedure for multichannel TDMA can be easily introduced on a number of existing cordless telephone systems which operate in an asynchronous manner according to the FDMA35 procedure.
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Brief description of the drawings
These and other objects and advantages of the present invention will be explained with reference to the following description and accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a TDMA frame in an eight-channel TDMA / TDD transmission format via a mobile radio communication path used in a mobile portable telephone system utilizing a dynamic channel allocation method in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a figure illustratively showing the structure of a channel burst signal for transmission in each time portion of the TDMA frame of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram schematically showing the assembly of a base station in a mobile portable telephone system utilizing a dynamic channel allocation method in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram showing the assembly of a mobile station in a mobile portable telephone system which adopts a dynamic channel allocation method in an embodiment according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a signal timing diagram showing time relationship between time slots allocated to two base stations utilizing an identical carrier in initiating a communication.
Fig. 6 is a signal timing diagram showing a state of collision that has occurred between the time portions from the two base stations of Fig. 5 after a time has elapsed.
Description of the preferred embodiments
With reference to the accompanying drawings, an embodiment of the present invention is hereby described. Assume that the description will be given for an example of a digital mobile portable telephone system where a signal is sent via a
516 657 mobile radio communication path between a base station which is physically connected to a network such as a PSTN and a subscriber exchange related to ISDN or the like and a mobile station connected to the base station via a mobile radio communication link as follows. Implemented is an eight-channel, multi-carrier, TDMA / TDD multiplex communication system in which a TDMA communication system and a ten-fold duplex (TDD) communication system are simultaneously obtained via a carrier.
1st Frame format for signal transmission via mobile radio communication path (Figs. 1 and 2)
As described above, a signal is transmitted via a mobile radio communication path between a base station and a mobile station according to an eight-channel TDMA / TDD multiplex communication system which implements both TDMA and TDD communication systems on a carrier.
In order to carry out the eight-channel TDMA / TDD multiplex communication, the following TDMA frame, which will be described below, is adopted as a frame format for the signal transmission.
1-1. TDMA frame (Fig. 1)
The TDMA frame used here is that used in a general eight-channel TDMA / TDD transmission format. Each TDMA frame has a period determined depending on a transmission clock signal created by each base station. Assuming that the period of the clock signal is T seconds, a TDMA frame is generated by dividing the period T by sixteen to create sixteen time 30 parts. Namely, each time part is used as a TDMA frame for the following reason.
To effect the TDD signal transmission, a TDMA frame is divided into two blocks including a first half block and a second half block. Furthermore, each of these blocks is further divided into eight time portions with content as shown in Fig. 1, to perform the eight-channel multiplex TDMA signal transmission.
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As can be seen from the TDMA frame according to Fig. 1, the first half block resp. the second half block thereof, to effect the TDD signal transmission, assigned a base-to-mobile communication i.e. a base station transmission / mobile station reception (downlink) and to a mobile-to-base communication i.e. a mobile station broadcast / base station reception (uplink). To effect the eight-channel TDMA signal transmission, each of the first half block and the second half block is further divided into eight time portions (TSs) extending from a first time portion (TS1) to an eighth time portion (TS8).
The base and mobile stations are each usually in a waiting state while waiting for a signal reception on a fixed carrier which is allocated to them for a transmission of control signals commonly used in the system. When initiating a communication, for signal transmission between the stations, a free channel (a channel '' is defined as a combination of a carrier and a time part) is selected from a plurality of channels, each comprising any of the time parts TS1 to TS8 for the downlink. and the uplink and any of a plurality of carriers assigned for communication, the free channel not being used for communications between another base station and its mobile stations.
Thereafter, the current base station and the mobile station act as a communication partner to this communication signal transmissions in a burst mode, i.e. repeatedly.
1-2. Structure of a channel burst signal (Fig. 2)
When a free channel is selected and obtained for communication between a base station and a mobile station, signal transmission is performed in burst mode between them. In this operation, a channel burst signal transmitted using a time division from the base station or the mobile station is composed as shown in Fig. 2.
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The channel burst signal includes a protection gap field (GS) as a first piece placed to prevent collision with an adjacent time portion and a ramp field (R) as a subsequent piece to suppress a level of a wide bandwidth interference spectrum transmitted due to the fast or steep ascending and descending the flanks of the signal transmission.
Following the ramp field is a preamble signal field (PA) for establishing bit synchronization in the station receiving the channel burst signal.
The preamble signal field is followed by a frame synchronization signal field (FS) adapted to send a unique word to provide a synchronization point of the current burst signal to the receiving side.
The frame synchronizing signal field is followed by a slow auxiliary control channel field (SACCH) arranged to send a control signal during a communication. Following the SACCH field is a traffic channel field (TCH) positioned to transmit a user signal as an audio signal. The channel burst signal ends with a ramp field.
2-2. Structures of the base and mobile stations (Figs. 3 and 4)
According to this configuration, the base station is arranged to perform a radio communication with a mobile station. Namely, as described above, the eight-channel TDMA / TDD multiplex communication between them is achieved. As a result, the base station is capable of performing access to a maximum of eight mobile stations at the same time.
Each base station independently generates a clock signal and provides the clock signal to a mobile station which will be described later. The clock signal is used by the mobile station to establish a minor synchronization with the base station.
A mobile station is used to access a base station in the vicinity thereof to perform a voice communication with the network. Access is provided by a communication of controllers on a fixed carrier between the mobile station and the base station.
2-2- (1). Structure of the base station (Fig. 3)
Referring to Fig. 3, a general description will be given of the configuration of the base station above. In this regard, the term downlink used in the description refers to a signal transmission direction from the base station to the mobile station, since uplink indicates a transmission direction which is opposite to the downlink direction.
The structure of Fig. 3 includes a network controller 301 to be connected to a network such as ISDN or to a network via a PSTN of a PBX. This unit 301 receives in the downlink direction a signal transmitted from the network side in a burst-like manner and then separates the incoming burst transfer signal into a control signal and a communication signal.
A reference numeral 302 denotes an analog to digital converter (A / D) (hereinafter referred to as codec A / D converter) coupled to the network controller 301 for receiving the communication signal thus transmitted in the downlink direction from the network controller 301 to convert the communication signal from the network signal to an analog signal.
A reference numeral 303 refers to a buffer memory coupled to the codec A / D converter 302 to which the communication signal which has undergone the D / A conversion is delivered in a burst-like manner along the downlink direction. The received communication signal is temporarily stored in the buffer memory 303.
The configuration further includes a clock signal oscillator circuit 304 for creating a time pulse to be assumed as a time reference between the base station and a mobile station having access to the base station for communication. The time pulse is generated independently by each base station in a separate manner.
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A reference numeral 305 refers to a communication controller connected to the network controller 301 and the buffer memory 303. When operating along the downlink direction, the communication controller 305 receives the control signal transmitted from the network side and separated in the network controller 301 and the communication signal thus stored in the buffer 30. Upon receiving the control signal from the network side, the communication controller 305 performs a channel search for a free channel and then creates a call termination text which includes information about the available channel thus found by the search operation, thereby sending the text to the communicating mobile station. The call termination text is used for an exchange to determine a channel for the subsequent communication.
The assembly of Fig. 3 further comprises a TDMA / TDD processing unit 306 which, in operation along the downlink direction, receives a time pulse signal from the clock signal oscillator circuit 304, a communication signal from the buffer memory 303 and a control signal from the communication control unit 305. When operating in the uplink direction, this unit 306 receives as an input signal a transmission signal therefrom from a receiver unit 320, which will be described later, the transmission signal being transmitted from a mobile station and received by the receiver unit
320.
The TDMA / TDD processing unit 306 determines, in downlink operation, the contents of a TDMA frame used to transmit a signal to the mobile station and ditto of a channel burst signal as shown in Fig. 2 based on the communication and control signals received from the buffer memory unit 303 resp. the communication controller 305.
Then, at a time synchronized with a time pulse signal provided from the clock oscillator circuit 304, the unit 305 above transmits in a burst-like manner a transmission signal comprising the TDMA frame thus prepared for the mobile station to a transmitter unit 310 which will be described later. At the same time, a transmission start516 557 signal is supplied which instructs to initiate a transmission to the transmitter unit 310.
When operating in the uplink direction, the TDMA / TDD processing unit 306 processes the transmission signal from the mobile station received from the receiving unit 320, which will be described later. Namely, the control signal and the communication signal are fed separately to the communication control unit 305 and the buffer memory 303. Furthermore, the TDMA / TDD processing unit then comprises a frame synchronization sensor circuit (not shown). The sensor circuit is used to monitor the frame synchronization signal (FS) which is included in the received transmission signal, i.e. channel burst signal.
Upon uplink transmission, and upon receipt of the communication signal from the TDMA / TDD processing unit 306, the buffer memory 303 temporarily stores the communication signal for transmitting the signal in a burst mode or repeatedly to the network controller 301.
When the control signal from the mobile station is received via the TDMA / TDD processing unit 306, the communication control unit 305 determines, based on the control signal, a channel to transmit communication signals between its own base station and the mobile station. The obtained channel is notified to the TDMA / TDD processing unit 306.
In response to receiving the notification of the determined channel, the TDMA / TDD processing unit 306 reports a carrier frequency of the channel to the transmitter unit 310 and the receiver unit 320 which will be described later.
The TDMA / TDD processing unit 306 is coupled to the transmitter unit 310 and the receiver unit 320 to provide communications with mobile stations. Hereinafter, a description will be given of the composition of the transmitter unit 310 and the receiver unit 320.
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In Fig. 3, the transmitter unit 310 includes a modulator unit 311 coupled to the TDMA / TDD processing unit 306 to modulate a transmission signal received therefrom and a transmission unit 312 coupled to the modulator unit 311 to transmit the modulated transmission signal to a mobile station via an antenna 330 and a mobile radio communication path (not shown).
The receiver unit 320 comprises a reception unit 321 for receiving a transmission signal from the mobile station via the mobile radio path and the antenna 330 for sensing a reception level of the received signal transmitted from the mobile station. The received reception level is notified as a field sensing signal to the TDMA / TDD processing unit 306.
The receiver unit 320 includes a demodulator unit 322 coupled to the reception unit 321 for demodulating the signal thus received from the mobile station to produce a digital signal and thereby transmitting the digital signal to the TDMA / TDD processing unit 306.
Furthermore, an antenna switch 340 is also provided between the transmitting unit 312, the receiving unit 321, and the antenna 330. The antenna switch 340 is connected to the TDMA / TDD processing unit 306 to switch the signal direction between the transmitting unit 312 and the receiving unit 321 depending on an instruction delivered from TDMA / TDMA. the processing unit 306 in response to a time pulse received from the synchronizing controller 302.
The antenna switch 340 is arranged to perform a transfer between the transmission state and the reception state of the current base station at a time synchronized with a time related to areas associated with the downlink directions and the uplink directions of the TDMA frame in the transmission format of the mobile radio communication. Typically, the antenna switch 340 is set to the receiving unit 321, to receive a control signal using a fixed carrier.
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The antenna switch 340 and the transmission unit 312 are provided with a transmission start signal output from the TDMA / TDD processing unit 306. Depending on the signal, the antenna coupler 340 changes the connection direction to the transmission unit 312, which in turn outputs a transmission signal to the mobile station from TDMA / TDD processing unit 306 via modulator unit 311.
The transmission unit 312 and the reception unit 321 are each connected to synthesizer units 313 and 323, each of which oscillates a signal with a variable frequency. Thanks to this, the frequency of the communication signal of the transmission unit 312 and the reception unit 321 can be arbitrarily changed depending on an instruction from the communication control unit 305.
When the current base station is in standby mode, the units 313 and 323 are each synthesized under the control of the communication controller 305 to oscillate a signal with a frequency such that the transmission unit 312 and the reception unit 323 perform the communication at a fixed carrier predetermined for the control signal transmission. When a voice communication is to be provided with the network side, the oscillation frequency varies depending on a free channel available for a communication signal transmission.
To this end, each of the synthesizers 313 and 323, as well as the TDMA / TDD processing unit 306, are provided with a result of a channel selection for the communication signal transmission received from the communication control unit 305 to change the oscillation frequency depending on the result of channel selection.
2-2- (21. Structure of base station (Fig. 4)
With reference to Fig. 4, the configuration of the base station is now briefly described. In the description it is assumed that the terms downlink resp. "Uplink" for directions refers to signal516 557 transmission direction from the base station side to the mobile station side resp. the opposite direction.
The configuration of Fig. 4 includes a microphone 401 disposed in a voice transmission unit, a speaker 402 installed in a speech receiver unit, an operator control panel 403, and a monitor 404 adapted thereon to present a mode of operation and the like associated with the operator control panel 403. These components constitute a circuit system. for ton10 frequency.
The configuration further includes a codec A / D converter 405 which receives an audio signal from the microphone 401 in the uplink direction and which provides an audio signal to the speaker 402 in the downlink direction and a buffer memory unit 406 which receives as an input signal there a communication signal from the uplink signal. 401 via the codec A / D converter 405.
A reference numeral 407 refers to a communication controller that receives signals such as a dialing signal generated by operation of dial dials on the control panel 403. Based on a call transmission function from the control panel 403, this unit 407 provides interconnection control with a nearby base station and creates an interconnect control signal. the nearby base station.
The system of Fig. 4 further comprises a TDMA / TDD processing unit 408 which in uplink function receives a communication signal from the buffer memory 406 and a control signal from the communication control unit 407 and which in downlink function is provided with a transmission signal from a receiver unit 420, which will be described later. wherein the transmission signal is transmitted from the nearest base station and received by the receiver unit 420.
The TDMA / TDD processing unit 408 determines in the uplink function the contents of the TDMA frame for a transmission of a signal to
557 the nearby base station depending on the communication signal and the control signal supplied from the buffer memory 406 resp. the communication controller 407. A transmission signal comprising the TDMA frame for transmission to the base station is supplied to the transmitter unit 410, which will be described later, in a burst-like manner. At the same time, a transmission initiation signal is supplied which instructs on a start of transmission to the transmitter unit 410.
The TDMA / TDD processing unit 408 provides, in downlink function, the communication controller 407 with control signals each transmitted from base stations requesting incoming call connections. The control signals are received by the receiver unit 420, which will be described later, in a scratched or burst mode when the current mobile station is in the standby mode. When a speech is to be performed between the mobile station and the network, this unit 408 forwards to the buffer memory 406 a communication signal which is included in a transmission signal from the nearest base station. A frame synchronization signal (FS) which is included in the received transmission signal, i.e. the channel burst signal is monitored by a frame synchronization sensor circuit, not shown, arranged in the TDMA / TDD processing unit 408.
In connection with this and upon receipt of the communication signal transmitted in the downlink direction from the TDMA / TDD processing unit 408, the buffer memory unit 406 transmits the communication signal, i.e. the encoded audio signal to the codec A / D converter 405, which in turn converts the received signal into an analog signal to activate the speaker 402 with the received signal.
When the control signal requesting an incoming call set is received from the TDMA / TDD processing unit 408, the communication control unit 407 creates a control signal associated with the received control signal to return the resulting control signal to the TDMA / TDD processing unit 408.
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The communication controller 407 usually controls the transmission and reception signal frequencies of the transmitter unit 410 and the receiver unit 420, which will be described later, so that they become equal to a fixed carrier frequency for the transmission of the control signals. When the current mobile station provides a voice communication with the network side, the communication controller 407 provides a signal instructing a change of the communication frequencies to the transmitter unit 410 and the receiver unit 420 depending on information included in the received control signal, the information being associated with a communication signal channel.
Synchronous with an input time of the control signal delivered from the nearby base station and received by the receiver unit 420, which will be described later, the communication controller 407 establishes a TDMA frame synchronization of its own mobile station in accordance with the transmission format of the mobile radio communication line. Thereafter, the communication controller 407 operates with child synchronization relative to the nearest base station.
The TDMA / TDD processing unit 408 is coupled to the transmitter unit 410 and the receiver unit 420 to provide a radio communication with a base station. Below is a description of the composition of the transmitter unit 410 and the receiver unit 420.
The configuration of the transmitter unit 410 includes a modulator unit 411 coupled to the TDMA / TDD processing unit 408 for modulating a transmission signal received from the TDMA / TDD processing unit 408 and a transmission unit 412 coupled to the modulator 411 for transmitting the modulated transmission line signal and a communication signal line 30. for mobile radio to a nearby base station.
The configuration of the receiver unit 420 includes a receiver unit 421 for receiving a transmission signal from the nearby base station via the communication line for mobile radio and the antenna 430. When a reception level is sensed by the transmission signal from the base station, the receiver516 557 408th
In this arrangement, a reference numeral 422 indicates a demodulator unit coupled to the receiving unit 421 for demodulating the transmission signal transmitted from the nearby base station to a digital signal, thereby outputting the received signal to the TDMA / TDD processing unit 408.
Between the transmitting unit 412, the receiving unit 421, and the antenna 430, an antenna switch 440 is arranged to effect a transition of the signal coupling direction between the transmitting unit 412 side and the receiving unit 421 side depending on an instruction supplied from the TDMA / TDD processing unit 408.
When, for example, the current mobile station receives a control signal requesting a switching request from the nearby base station or when the current mobile station issues a call to the network side, the antenna switch 440 provides a transition of the transmission and reception states of the mobile station synchronously with the mobile station. of areas related to the downlink and uplink directions of the TDMA frame in the transmission format of the mobile radio communication path. Typically, the antenna switch 440 is set in a signal switching direction to the side of the receiving unit 421 under the control of the TDMA / TDD processing unit 408.
The antenna switch 440 and the transmission unit 412 are provided with a transmission start signal provided by the TDMA / TDD processing unit 408. Depending on the transmission start signal, the antenna switch 440 changes the signal coupling direction to the side of the transmission unit 412. After receiving the transmission signal from the TDMA / TDD processing unit 408 via the modulator unit 411, the transmission unit 412 transmits the signal to the nearby base station.
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The transmission unit 412 and the reception unit 421 are each connected to synthesizer units 413 and 413, respectively. 423, each of which oscillates a signal with a variable frequency. These synthesizers are arranged to arbitrarily change communication frequencies of the transmission unit 412 and the reception unit 421 depending on an instruction from the communication control unit 407.
When the current mobile station is in standby mode, each of the synthesizers 413 and 423 oscillates a signal with such a frequency that the transmission unit 412 and the reception unit 421 provide communications on a carrier fixed or predetermined by the control signal transmission under the control of the communication control unit 407. When a voice communication is to be performed with the network side, the oscillation frequency is varied in association with a free channel selected to transmit the communication signal.
To this end, the synthesizers 413 and 423 are configured to receive a communication frequency indication or instruction signal from the communication controller 407. Namely, depending on the instruction signal, the oscillation frequency changes according to the indicated frequency in each synthesizer.
2-2- (3). Functions for outgoing and incoming calls between base and mobile stations
In the near future, a general description will be given of the functions of a base station and a mobile station in the implemented functions for outgoing and incoming calls between them in the configuration as above.
In the waiting state, the base stations receive resp. the mobile stations control signals transmitted from peripheral base and mobile stations by using a predetermined carrier for control signal transmission.
The communication controller 407 of each mobile station establishes in this context and based on the frame synchronization 516 557 the signal (FS) contained in a channel burst signal received from a nearby base station a period of a TDMA frame for minor operation of the current mobile station relative to the nearby base station. Then, when a speech is to be performed with the network side, the signal transmission and reception are effected according to the period of the TDMA frame thus determined.
The communication controllers 305 resp. 407 at bass- resp.
the mobile stations monitor the contents of the frame synchronization field included in the channel burst signal of the received control signal, while on the side of each base station the communication controller 305 monitors the time division interval of the TDMA frame of each of the base and mobile stations existing in a radio base zone belonging to it.
In this mode, when the network controller 301 of the base station receives an incoming signal from the network side, the communication controller 305 accordingly delivers a frequency indication signal of a frequency having a random value to the synthesizer units 313 and 323, thereby changing the reception frequency of the receiver unit 320.
The communication controller 305 then monitors, for a period not shorter than a TDMA frame (T seconds), the field sensing signal related to each time portion of the resulting frequency and provided from the receiving unit 321. When an electric field is sensed in any of the time portions, the monitoring function is provided. further for another frequency in a similar manner.
Thus, when the communication controller 305 detects a time portion where such electric fields are not sensed in the uplink and downlink functions, the time portion is assumed to be a free channel, thereby creating a call termination text including information regarding the free channel. The communication controller 305 then sends the text to the TDMA / TDD516 557 processing unit 306 and then provides the synthesizer units 313 and 323 with a communication frequency indicator signal to restore the oscillation frequency of the synthesizers 313 and 323 in connection with the carrier predetermined for the control signal endpoint.
Upon receiving the call termination text from the communication controller 305, the TDMA / TDD processing unit 306 provides a channel burst signal in the form of a control signal including the text.
The communication controller 305 outputs a transmission start signal to the transmission unit 312 and the antenna switch 340 and then simultaneously transmits the channel burst signal which is charged in a
TDMA frame determined depending on a timing of the time pulse provided from the clock oscillator circuit 304 to the mobile station as a signal destination via the modulator 311, the transmission unit 312, the antenna switch 340, and the antenna 330.
When the channel burst signal is received on a carrier predetermined for the control signal transmission, the receiving unit 421 of the mobile station demodulates the received channel burst signal through the demodulator unit 422 to supply the demodulated signal to
The TDMA / TDD processing unit 408, which then outputs information about a free channel included in the channel burst signal to the communication controller 407.
The communication controller 407 checks to determine if the channel indicated by the free channel information is available by a measure similar to the search for the free channel performed by the communication controller 305 of the base station. Once the free channel is confirmed to be available, the communication controller 407 creates an acknowledgment text for incoming calls (ACK) including information about the confirmed free channel and then sends the text to the TDMA / TDD processing unit 408.
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When the channel designated by the free channel information is found to be unavailable, the communication controller 407 performs a channel search for another free channel by an operation similar to the search for the free channel provided by the communication controller 305 of the base station. The controller 407 generates a negative acknowledgment text for incoming calls (NAK) including information about the selected free channel and then transmits the text to the TDMA / TDD processing unit 408.
When the ACK text or a NAK text for incoming calls is sent to the TDMA / TDD processing unit, the communication controller 407 simultaneously provides a communication frequency indication signal to the synthesizers 413 and 423 to instruct the synthesizers 413 and 423 to restore the oscillation frequency in the original value to the original value.
When the ACK text or NAK text for incoming calls is received, the TDMA / TDD processing unit 408 supplies a transmission start signal to the transmission or transmitter unit 312 and the antenna switch 440 and then provides a channel burst signal in the form of a control signal including the ACK text or NAK text. This text is transmitted at a communication frequency of the wait state to the nearby base station via the modulator 411, the transmitter unit 412, the antenna switch 440 and the antenna 430.
Upon receiving the channel burst signal such as the control signal including the acknowledgment text for incoming calls, the base station initiates a communication with the mobile station through the free channel indicated by the text. The communication unit 305 then provides a transition at the synthesizer units 313 and 323 and the antenna switch 340 at a time associated with the free channel.
When the base station receives a channel burst signal such as the control signal including the NAK text for incoming calls, its communication controller 305 performs a channel check in a manner similar to that described above to determine whether the channel indicated by the selected free channel information is available.
Once the free channel has been determined to be available, the base station initiates a communication with the mobile station via the free channel which is indicated by the ACK text for incoming calls. If the channel has already been reserved for use by another base or mobile station, a channel search for another available channel is performed. This action loop is repeated until a line disconnection is initiated by the network side or for an appropriate period of time.
When initiating a call from a mobile station, the search for a free channel in this context is achieved under the control of the communication control unit 407 of the mobile station. The communication controller 407 then generates a request text for call initiation including information about the detected channel instead of the ACK text or the NAK text for incoming calls created as described above at a call termination from the network side.
The channel burst signal including the request text for call initiation is then sent to the nearby base station via
The TDMA / TDD processing unit 408, the transmission unit 410, the antenna switch 440, the antenna 430 and the communication line for mobile radio. As a result, the base station performs an action similar to that performed when receiving an ACK text or NAK text for incoming calls. This is because it initiates communication between the base station and the mobile station.
3rd Prevention of interference during communication
When the negotiation of connection between the base and mobile stations 35 is thus completed, a radio link is established to begin the communications between them.
However, since each base station, as described, generates a time pulse in a single manner, in the cases where a plurality
516 557 base (mobile) stations establish communications by utilizing different time segments of an identical carrier, so over time a collision between the channels used by the base (mobile) stations may occur.
When in this mode a communication is initiated between a base station and a mobile station, the following measures are performed to monitor channels adopted by the other base (mobile) stations to anticipate channel collisions, thereby preventing channel collisions based on the estimate.
3-1. Example of first collision prevention measure After a communication is started via a channel between a base station and a mobile station, the base and mobile stations are placed in a reception state on the channels (ie pairs each comprising a carrier and a time part) other than the channel obtained for the communication. Ie each of the above stations is in the receive state in the other time portions of a carrier identical to the carrier obtained by the station in question.
Within the functional range of the receive state, the communication controllers 305 resp. 407 at bass- resp. the mobile stations control measures for monitoring the presence or absence of an electric field associated with time portions in the vicinity of the resp. time portions acquired by the associated stations, namely, the presence or absence of channel burst signals transmitted in the adjacent time portions.
Through the monitoring measure, each of the communication controllers 306 and 407 of the respective the stations time portions preceding the channel thus acquired by the station in question as follows. For each time part, a time interval is measured between the last ramp field (R) of a channel burst signal transmitted using the time part and the first ramp field of the channel burst signal communicated by the own station.
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Each of the communication controllers 306 and 407 of the respective the stations process time portions following the channel thus obtained by the current station to measure for each of the time portions a time interval between the first ramp field of a channel burst signal provided by the own station and the first ramp field of a channel burst signal transmitted using the time portion.
Then when the detected time interval is gradually minimized to a value e.g. t seconds (t «time part) predetermined by the communication control unit 305 or 407, the current control unit performs a search, using a time part other than the time part obtained by the own station, for a free time part on a carrier which is identical with ditto at the channel acquired by the own station. Information about the candidate time part thus detected is placed in the SACCH field of a channel burst signal, which is then notified to the communicating station at a signal transmission there.
Upon receipt of the information about the candidate time period to be used thereafter, the station again performs a check to determine whether the notified time part is really free or available. If this is the case, an acknowledgment response (ACK) is stored in the SACCH field to return the response to the communicating partner. As a result, a time part transition to the candidate time part takes place in each of the base and mobile stations in a synchronized manner.
In this case, in order to prevent the occurrence of a shift in transmission timing of communication signals such as an audio signal in connection with the transition of the communication time part, it is assumed to absorb the time shift in each station before the signal transmission.
When there is no free time on the identical carrier, the receiving units 321 and 421 change the respective the reception frequencies under the control of the resp. communication 516 557 controllers 305 and 407 to effect a search for a free time on another carrier. The time part found on the carrier for the candidate channel is notified in a similar manner to the communicating station as described above.
If the station that has received the candidate channel thus reported from the communicating partner detects that the channel has already been reserved for use by another base or mobile station, the station on the receiving side performs another search for a candidate channel. When sending a negative acknowledgment text (NAK) to the partners, the station specifies the received candidate channel in the SACCH field of the text.
3-2. Examples of other collision prevention measures
In the method according to the first collision prevention action example above, a probability of collision is estimated in dependence on an electric field sensing signal obtained in association with the channel burst signals of the own station and a station other than the own station. Furthermore, there is a method for estimating the probability of the channel collision based on the frame synchronization field (FS) included in the channel burst signal used by the resp. stations.
In a frame synchronization sensing circuit, not shown, of each of the TDMA / TDD processing units 306 and 408, the FS field is sensed to determine a frame synchronization between its own station and the station communicating therewith.
However, this action is not performed after frame synchronization has been established between them. The sensing circuits for frame synchronization of the resp. The TDMA / TDD processing units 306 and 308 of the associated stations are not used for this purpose after the frame synchronization is completed.
Under the above conditions, each station monitors the FS field of a channel burst signal transmitted from a station other than the monitoring station by using a different time division on
516 557 a carrier identical to the ditto of a channel acquired by the station to measure a time interval between the FS fields transmitted from the communicating partner resp. your own station. Based on the measurement of the time period, a collision is estimated between the own channel and the partner's channel, whereby a channel transition is caused to allocate another channel to the own station.
4 ♦ Countermeasures against frequent measures to prevent collisions
As described above, each of the receiving units 321 and 421 may simultaneously determine a reception level of the received signal with satisfactory accuracy, in assessing the presence or absence of a receiving signal in each time portion related to a frequency identical to that of a signal. channel used by your own station.
The receiving units 321 and 421 sense a reception level of an interference wave from another station using a channel for which a collision with the channel used by the own station is estimated as described in connection with the measures of the first and second examples of collision prevention measures and a reception level of a desired wave from a station communicating with its own station via its own channel. The reception levels thus sensed are each notified in the form of field sensing signals to the communication controllers 305 and 407.
For example, in a case where information about the field sensing signal is represented by approx. three bits (resolution of eight levels = 5 dB) and the reception level of the desired wave is five levels, or more, higher than ditto of the interference wave, the probability of the collision between the desired wave and the interference wave is assumed to be ignored.
As a result, after communication is initiated, any unnecessary channel transition can be dispensed with, namely it is possible to avoid the occurrence of an unfavorable situation where interference prevention measures are often provided.
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As described above, in communications provided via mobile radio communication paths between a plurality of base stations each connected to a network and each independently generating or establishing synchronization and mobile stations receiving communication service from the base stations, communication signal transmitting channels each comprising a pair of a frequency and a time period. Namely, it is possible for each base station that from a plurality of frequencies and a plurality of time portions related to the resp. the frequencies select a pair consisting of frequency and a time part of the communications. With this proviso, the above communications are performed in a mode of multi-channel time division / time duplex communication. Each of the base and mobile stations receives a communication signal from a separate station which provides a communication with a synchronization independent of the current or own station by using a different time part related to a frequency of a channel used by the own station to receive communication signal sent there. The station measures an interval between the time part used by the different station and its own time part. Based on the result of the measurement, the station in question estimates a probability of a collision between them. Before the tidal collision occurs based on a result of the estimate, the own station conducts a search through all available channels that are not used by any other stations. As a result, a channel transition is performed simultaneously in the own station and in a station communicating with it so that in each of the stations a free channel is selected therefrom for communications.
According to the present invention, each of the base and mobile stations receives a communication signal from a different station which provides a communication with a synchronization independent of the current or own station by using a different time part related to a frequency of a channel used to receive a communication signal. send there and a communication signal intended there. The current station senses reception signal levels of these communication signals. When a probability of a collision between
516 557 a separate time part and ditto use of the different station is estimated as a result, the station performs a comparison between the resp. the reception levels of the above-mentioned communication signals. When it is detected that the reception levels of the communication signal of the different station are strong enough to interfere with the communication signal intended for the own station, the current station, before a time part collision occurs between the own time part and ditto of the different station, searches through all free channels not used by any other stations. As a result, a channel transition is performed simultaneously in the own station and a station which communicates with it so that in each of the stations a suitable free channel is selected therefrom to be used for communications.
Ie in the own station, a period of a carrier used by a different base station is sensed to be compared with a carrier allocated to the own station to detect a fact that a time portion of the carrier used by the different station is in the vicinity of a time part at your own station. Consequently, each base station which generates a different transmission clock signal to establish a frame synchronization can effect a channel selection again for a channel change before a collision between the time portions of the resp. the base stations occur. This avoids the probability of the collision between the time segments and thus the multichannel TDMA communication can be easily adapted in a communication environment where a plurality of conventional cordless telephone systems operate asynchronously in the FDMA communication mode.
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Contents2
5 sheets
Sheet 1 Sheet 2 Sheet 3 Sheet 4 Sheet 5
8 members in 4 offices
Priority claims1
| Document | Office | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 21252290 | Japan | A |
Members8
| Document | Office | Kind | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE9102266D0 | Sweden | D0 | |
| GB9115779D0 | United Kingdom | D0 | |
| SE9102266L | Sweden | L | |
| JPH0494228A | Japan | A | |
| GB2249922A | United Kingdom | A | |
| US5260944A | United States of America | A | |
| GB2249922B | United Kingdom | B | |
| SE516557C2This record | Sweden | C2 |
1 legal event, as the office reported them to INPADOC
Events
| Event | Code | |
|---|---|---|
| Patent has lapsedLapsedNUG | NUG |
Numbers
- Application
- 9102266
Titles2
- English
- Dynamic channel allocation procedure
- Swedish
- Dynamiskt kanalallokeringsförfarande
Classification
- CPC, 3
- H04W72/02
- H04W24/10
- H04W72/0446
- IPC, 1
- H04W72 54