Orthodontic appliance

KB 3-A4 according to SIS 61 30 13 allf 13s 82 10s aa

<td>SWEDEN (19) SE &gt;</td><td>(12) PUBLISHING LETTERS (5i) International class³</td><td>(B1 (2D)</td><td>7611986-6 A 61 C 7/00</td>

<td>WWf WBw 1</td><td>(44) Application outsourced and outsourced 83—05—09</td><td>(11) Publication</td><td></td>

<td>(™ T |</td><td>publication paper</td><td>number</td><td> 427 795</td>

<td></td><td>(41) Application generally available 77-04-29</td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td>(22) Patent Application filed 76 ”1028</td><td colspan="2">Application received as:</td>

<td></td><td>(24) Running day</td><td></td><td></td>

<td>Patent Office</td><td>(62) Tribal application number</td><td colspan="2">SJ Swedish patent application</td>

<td></td><td>(86) International filing day</td><td colspan="2">O completed international patent application</td>

<td></td><td>(86) Filing date for the application</td><td>with number</td><td></td>

<td></td><td>on European patent</td><td colspan="2">□ converted European patent application</td>

<td></td><td>(30) Priority information</td><td>with number</td><td></td>

<td></td><td>75-10-28 US 626 267</td><td></td><td></td>

<td colspan="2">(71) Applicant: Earl Olaf Bergersen, Winnetka Ill US</td><td></td><td></td>

<td>(72) Inventor: Search</td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td colspan="2">(74) Agent: Avellan-Hultman 0</td><td></td><td></td>

<td colspan="3">(54) Name: Orthodontic rectifier of the type U-shaped</td><td>horizontal</td>

(56) Published publications: GB 1,176,048 (A61C 7/00) US 2 789 351 (32-14)

US 3,178,820 (32-14)

7611986-6

The present invention relates to the direction of teeth, and more particularly, the invention relates to the early treatment of problems with regard to overbite and excess teeth.

At the time when all decaying teeth (milk teeth) have been replaced with permanent teeth, in the orthodontic field, such means as straps or the like have been conventionally used to clamp the teeth so that they are brought to a predetermined correct or near properly closed position. To get the teeth in a final position with the desired placement in the mouth, the orthodontist often wants to use a dental straightener, such as one shown in U.S. Patent No. 3,898,736. This patent relates to a preformed tooth regulator. However, such custom-ordered tooth registers should have been known for many years, and they are shown, for example, in U.S. Patent No. 2,467,432 (Kesling).

A fundamental problem with these and other existing orthodontic methods and equipment is that treatment does not begin until that stage is reached, when all decayed teeth (milk teeth) have been replaced with their corresponding permanent teeth despite many real or potential orthodontic problems being discovered far earlier, for example when first permanent foreigners arrive. A particular problem that can be noticed at such an early time is overbought

7611986-6 and / or excess teeth.

Therefore, it would solve a fundamental problem in the orthodontic area and provide a significant advantage if a method and equipment were found to begin the treatment of the orthodontic problems during the mixed teeth stage, which precedes the stage when all decaying teeth have been replaced.

It is therefore an object of the invention to solve the aforementioned disadvantages in the orthodontic field by proposing a method and apparatus for treating orthodontic problems under the condition of the patient with mixed teeth, ie. when some decaying teeth are replaced while others remain.

This object of the invention is met by a reshaping and use in a new way of an orthodontic rectifier of the type U-shaped in horizontal projection, which contains at least one upper or lower but normally both an upper and a lower depression with tooth receiving cavities for receiving, holding and directing the tooth received in the cavity.

The invention is based on the discovery that, at a particularly early stage in the child's orthodontic development, there is a situation where the treatment can be performed effectively. At such an early age as between 6 and 8 or 9 years, all of the child's permanent incisors have fully grown, and after this age a stage between the ages of 10 and 12 occurs, during which the child loses the decaying canines and the first and second decaying teeth , after which these teeth are later replaced with permanent canines, permanent first double-tooth teeth and permanent second double-tooth teeth (bicuspid teeth). This latter stage occurs at a time when the child in the mouth also has a permanent first cheek tooth (molar), which grows out at about the age of 6 and then is called six-year axes. During this next stage, ie. when the child has lost either his or her first falling or permanent teeth, as well as a permanent first (six-year) tooth, which will hereafter be referred to as the treatment stage, one can clearly discern certain problems and of particular interest in this regard. are the problems with overbite and excess teeth.

According to the invention, in selected cases, an orthodontic rectifier of the above mentioned type can be used to correct such overbite and excess teeth. The result of this development is that a potential orthodontic problem is prevented from developing and that a perfectly functioning dental set is obtained. The basic idea is to use a rectifier of the type described to push in the front teeth while simultaneously controlling the permanent double-pointed and permanent canines to their proper positions and regulating their vertical ejection level. This technology brings the essential advantage, to the situation

7611986-6 can be corrected before interseptal periodontal fibers are formed, and before being able to permanently regulate the vertical level of the permanent teeth, so as to induce the onset of a severe overbite problem in the permanent tooth set.

This technique is particularly applicable in some cases. There should be no potential constriction in the lower jaw or upper jaw especially of the front teeth, since such a constriction poses a more serious problem, which can cause tearing. Furthermore, the situation is best applicable to Class I or Eating-to-End relationships of the first permanent cheek teeth, but it would probably not be useful for a Class II relationship. A class I ratio means that the upper first permanent cheek stands at least half a tooth width behind the corresponding lower first permanent cheek. By end-end it is of course meant that the first permanent cheek teeth in the upper jaw are located directly above their corresponding first permanent cheek teeth in the lower jaw. A Class II relationship, on the other hand, means that the first permanent cheek in the upper jaw is located half a tooth width in front of its first corresponding permanent cheek tooth in the lower jaw, which means that the front teeth of the upper jaw become constricted to the extent that dental position is required. ). This technique can further treat any degree of vertical overbite, but preferably the horizontal projection of the teeth should not be greater than 3 to 4 mm.

The orthodontic rectifier is in principle of the same type as in US Patent 3,898,736, but in order for it to function in the present situation, the gingival edges (gum edges) of the labial-buccal flange in the rectifier must be substantially back foamed. The reason for this is not only that the younger children have a smaller mouth than the patient for whom the directive of this type is generally used, but also that the bone structure of young children is different. Thus, the labial-buccal sides of the palate protrude proportionally longer buccally than the same person, when it has only permanent teeth, because at the early stage before the posterior permanent teeth grow out, these teeth are located down in the palate and are not necessarily located on the centerline of the teeth but rather somewhat buccal in relation to this centerline. Therefore, when reshaping the directional shaft for use with a child with a mixed set of teeth (both permanent teeth and teeth to be dropped), which only has permanent front teeth and a permanent first cheek tooth, a backing of the rectifier avoids a rubbing of the labial buccal surfaces of the palate. . The lingual flange is already substantially cut back, and it is not necessary to further cut this flange, and in any case it is not the same µ in ib 1 cm with protruding bone structure on the lingual side as on the labial-buccal side. Furthermore, since a rectifier of this type is normally designed to receive the teeth of a 12-year-old child, whose set of teeth includes a second permanent cheek tooth (which grows approximately at the age of 12 and is therefore called the twelve-year shaft), and since the patient is younger than that, the rear portion of the rectifier to receive the other permanent cheek can also be trimmed.

Since the remodeled rectifier of the present invention also contains tooth-receiving recesses for non-existent teeth, namely, the permanent canine teeth and the double-pointed teeth (bicuspid teeth), it is especially convenient to use a preformed rectifier which already has such recesses in the invention. The second type of rectifier, ie the custom made rectifier could not be used, since the recesses therein are based on recesses of pre-existing teeth, and they normally do not include recesses,&gt; if their size and shape are assessed with regard to non-existent teeth, it is possible to make a special order to judge and to guess the size and shape of the non-existent permanent canine and bicicideal teeth; and if such a guess is accurate, the invention may be applied for use with specially ordered directors as well as preformed directors.

As mentioned above, the mixed dental set stage also includes the earlier time when the child's permanent front teeth and permanent first cheek teeth have grown out and the child has lost his missing canine teeth and his missing first cheek teeth but the child has not yet lost his second missing teeth. When utilizing the invention at this earlier stage, the inverter should differ from the inverter described above in the event that both of the missing cheek teeth are dropped. In the case when the other cheek in it is taken to still take the tooth set? remaining, the recesses for the permanent second bicuspids, at the top and bottom and left and right, are replaced with recesses, which in shape and size are intended to receive the second cheek tooth in the first set of teeth. The lower second cheek teeth in the first set are about 2 mm wider than the lower permanent second bicuspids, and the upper second cheek teeth in the first set are about 1 mm wider than the upper permanent second bicuspids when the dimensions are measured in the mesio-distal direction ( front and back). The recesses for the first permanent cheek teeth must also be placed an equal distance back. Also, there should be no interproximal protrusion between the recesses of the first permanent cheek teeth and adjacent second cheek teeth in the first set, so that when the second cheek in the first set is dropped and the smaller second permanent bicuspids grow out in the mouth, then the first permanent then the kindtän7611986-6 can then move forward so that they end up with this extra 'ywme ·

Thus, the invention has for its object to provide a method and apparatus for treating orthodontic problems at a time considerably earlier than the conventional time for initiating orthodontic treatment, and in particular the invention relates to treatment during the mixed tooth set stage.

The invention is particularly directed to. a new and improved method and apparatus for the early treatment of overbite problems and problems with protruding teeth; the method and device relate to the regulation of overbite and / or protrusion teeth by inserting the permanent incisors into recesses and controlling and regulating the vertical outgrowth of the permanent canines and the bicuspid teeth.

The device according to the invention relates to an orthodontic rectifier which, in relation to a conventional orthodontic rectifier, is remodeled, in particular generic trimming of the gingival edges of the labial-buccal flange to fit the mouth of a child whose teeth are in them; mixed dental set-up, especially to avoid tissue abrasion in the labial buccal artery.

These and other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, in which reference will be made to the accompanying drawings.

The following description relates to a preferred embodiment of the invention and in the drawings, Figure 1 shows a fragmentary vertical projection (side view) of the mouth of a person in a type of mixed tooth set stage and containing fault-closing teeth in need of orthodontic treatment. Figure 1A is a cross section along line 1A-1A of Figure 1. Figure 2 is a perspective view generally showing the upper side of a toothed rectifier with a portion cut away to illustrate the cross-sectional shape at its lower surface. Figure 3 is a fragmentary cross section through the mouth of a human in the area of ​​the central incisors or incisors, and the figure shows the inverter of Figure 2 in place in the mouth. Figure 4 is a fragmentary cross section through the mouth of a human in the area of ​​the permanent bicuspid teeth, and the figure shows the inverter of Figure 2 in place in the mouth. Figure 5 is likewise a fragmentary cross section through the mouth of a human in the cheek area, and the figure here also shows the rectifier of Figure 2 in place in the mouth. Figure 6 is a front elevational view and developed in the plane of the rectifier of Figure 2 but shown on a reduced scale. Figure 7 is a perspective view similar to Figure 2, but where the rectifier is correctly trim 7611986-6 wad in accordance with the present invention. Figure 8 is a front elevational and widespread vertical projection of the rectifier in Figure 7 and shown on a reduced scale.

In Figure 1, the mouth 10 of a child is shown at a type of mixed tooth set stage with permanent first molars or cheek teeth 12a and 12b and permanent front teeth, namely upper and lower lateral front teeth 12c and 12d and upper and lower central front teeth 12e and 12f, which are plotted in FIG. FIG. The space between the teeth shown is the area where the canines and cheek teeth in the first set of teeth are dropped, but where they have not yet been replaced by their corresponding permanent canines and the first and second biceps or double-pointed teeth. As shown in Figure 1, the permanent front teeth show a problem with potentially overbite and excess teeth. By overbite is meant the vertical projection of the upper front teeth below the plane of the tips of the lower front teeth, and by protruding teeth is meant the horizontal distance between the occlusal edges or the bit edges of the corresponding upper and lower front teeth 12e and 2b respectively. 12f. In this case, the permanent cheek teeth 12a and 12b abut one another in what could be called end-to-end relationship. The most desirable case is that designated Class I, where the upper cheek teeth 12a are located behind the lower cheek teeth 12b corresponding to half a tooth width or more as shown by the dashed line I in Figure 1. This is advantageous, since maximum space is provided in front of cheek teeth for the coming and existing permanent teeth. The end-to-end ratio is advantageous in that, after all, it leaves enough room for the coming teeth, so that it is still possible to treat this type of mouth with the inventor's rectifier. However, this would not be possible with a Class II situation, where the upper cheek 12a was located in front of the lower cheek 12b as indicated by the dashed line II in Figure 1.

Before proceeding to describe the invention for treating the mouth, reference is made to Figures 2-5 for a discussion of the structure and effect of a conventional preformed rectifier of the type disclosed in the aforementioned U.S. Patent 3,898,736.

If you ignore the dashed lines of Figures 2-5 for the moment, these figures illustrate the conventional orthodontic rectifier. After the child has received all of his permanent teeth back to the other molar or cheek, conventional orthodontic devices such as tapes or the like are normally used to provide an initial tension of the teeth in the mouth to bring the teeth to a predetermined position corresponding to correct or near correct bite. The rectifier is then used to bring the teeth to a final desired position. Such a rectifier 20, shown in Figure 2, is substantially U-shaped in the horizontal plane, so as to conform to the typical shape of the human mouth, and the Hr is substantially H-shaped in a vertical cross-section, so forming an upper tooth receiving groove 22 and a lower tooth receiving groove 24. The sides of the grooves 22 and 24 are joined together by a lingual flange 26 which covers the back of the upper and lower teeth and a labial buccal flange 28 which covers the front of the teeth of the two arches.

Both the upper and lower tooth receiving grooves 22 and 24 are formed with a plurality of tooth recesses such as 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d, 22e and 22f of various shapes intended to receive various permanent teeth in the mouth from the central incisor through the cuspid teeth and the biceps tip to the first molar tooth and half of the surface of the other molar tooth. Alternatively, of course, the rectifier may be designed to have only an upper tooth groove 22 or a lower tooth groove 24.

As best seen in Figures 3-5, the upper lingual flange 30, which secures the lingual cingulum areas of the upper front teeth and the lingual tips of the upper posterior teeth, consists of an inwardly directed strip 31, and it covers part of the upper lingual gingival rim. region 32, and the lower lingual flange 34 generally encloses the cingulum region of the lower front teeth and the lingual surface to the lingual tips of the lower posterior teeth, and it is provided with an inwardly directed rib 35. The flange also extends over a portion of the lower lingual gingival tissue 36. The lower labial and buccal flange 38, which covers the labial and buccal surfaces of the lower anterior and posterior teeth, is formed with a downwardly directed strip 39, and it also extends over a portion of the lower labial and buccal gingival. the tissue 40, and the upper labial and buccal flange 42 have an upwardly extending rib 43, and it covers the entire labial and buccal surfaces of the upper anterior and posterior teeth, and it also encloses a narrow portion of the upper gingival tissue 44 .

The various pockets such as 22a and 22b in the upper and lower teeth guide are designed so that the teeth are tightly enclosed by them. The tongue 46, which joins the lingual and buccal or 1abial halves of the rectifier, is substantially thin, although it varies in dimensions between the posterior and anterior region, so that it mimics the distance between the teeth in a normal relaxed position except to tongue 46 is slightly thinner in the rear region. This makes it possible for all occlusal and incisal surfaces of the teeth to be in contact with the rectifier at the same time as the teeth are bitten together. Alternatively, however, the thickness of the tongue may be varied to increase at either of the front or back teeth relative to the other area, so that either the front teeth or the back teeth are contacted with the tongue before the second tooth type to correct overbite or underbite. as described in the Swedish patent number 74 / 00.534-7.

7611986-6

It has also been found that a preformed rectifier of this type can be formed with metal clunons embedded in the rear portion thereof as shown in U.S. Patents 3,178,820 and 3,837,081, so that the rectifier becomes more tightly attached to the patient's mouth. .

In addition, it has been found that it is suitable to make the dental rectifier of a semi-elastically transparent plastic material. The translucency allows the dentist or dentist to really see where the tooth movement is taking place by observing how the tissue fades around the teeth, and he can also detect places with potential soft tissue damage due to abnormal abutment of the dentist's flanges.

In connection with Figures 1 and 1A, as mentioned earlier, it is illustrated how, according to the invention, an attempt is made to provide a method and apparatus for orthodontic treatment of teeth at an earlier stage than is usual, namely in the mixed tooth set stage as described above in connection with Figs. 1st This can be accomplished by means of an orthodontic rectifier so constructed and arranged that the permanent front teeth 12c, 12d, 12e and 12f are pressed in, while the distance between the front teeth and the first permanent molar tooth provides a vertically free space for controlling and controlling the position. on the emerging permanent canine and bicuspid teeth.

Figure 1A illustrates a particular problem that exists in the mouth of a child in the mixed-tooth stage. As can be seen in the figure, the buccal gum tissue protrudes significantly at the places marked with 60. The reason for the tissue projecting in this way is that the not yet outgrown permanent canine and bicuspid teeth are located buccally on the first molar teeth shown. Accordingly, a conventional orthodontic rectifier devised for a person with front teeth of the size shown in Figure 1 would not function to provide the above-described action in a mixed-mouth mouth stage as illustrated in Figures 1 and 1A. The main reason for this is that the outer edges of the labial-buccal flange in such a rectifier would scrape against the protruding labial-buccal gums and irritate them, for example the surfaces 60 in Fig. 1A. In addition, it is at least appropriate, if not absolutely necessary, to trim back the portion of the conventional rectifier provided for the second molar tooth since a child has no such other molar tooth at said mixed tooth set stage.

In Figures 2-6, dashed lines illustrate the parts of a conventional inverter that would need to be trimmed back to make the inverter useful for treating children in the mixed-tooth stage. In the said figures, the labial-buccal flange has been trimmed back at the upper part along the lin9.

A and at the lower portion along line B and at the rear end along line C to remove the tooth cavity 22g of the second molar tooth. In addition to this backward trimming, it is understood that the inverter will retain all the structural and accompanying advantages of the previously described preformed inverter.

Figures 7 and 8 show a final back-trimmed rectifier ready to be used for a mixed-tooth stage patient.

In treatment at an earlier time, when the child still retains his second molar tooth in the first set of teeth, the tooth cavities 22e (top and bottom and both sides) should be changed as described previously, so that they are adapted to the child's second molar teeth in the first set of teeth. permanent other hives, and any interproximal protrusion between these tooth cavities 22e and the adjacent cavities 22f for the first permanent molar teeth should be removed.

Although the specific extent of the back trimming may be due to many different factors, it has been found that the trimming line A along the upper gingival edge of the labial-buccal flange should run such that about 50 to 7'0 7 of the edge between the gum line and the outer edge of the labial-buccal flange in the area of ​​the front teeth and about 70 to 90 Z of the distance between the gum line and the outer edge of the flange in the vicinity of the upper posterior teeth. The corresponding percentage for the lower trim line B would be about 70 to 90 in the area of ​​the front teeth and about 110 to 120 in the area of ​​the rear teeth, ie. at the posterior lower teeth it may be necessary to trim down the edge also occlusally with respect to the gum line. The measure of the trimming tub. is also stated in terms of the specific outer dimensions (i.e., gingival t) from the occlusal edges of the teeth. These dimensions are given in the form of a preferred embodiment in the following Table I, which indicates the dimensions with respect to a complete set of preformed rectifiers, recently sold under the US registered trademark Orthotain, which are designed to fit substantially the entire patient's teeth. Thus, the set of rectifiers dimensioned in Table I forms a set of rectifiers designed to fit a large percentage of the current dental patient's teeth at the current mixed-tooth set stage. The explanations for the columns in Parts 1-4 of Table 1 are set out in Part 5 of Table I, and the sizes of the directives in Table I correspond to those sold under the US-registered trademark Orthotain, and as described in U.S. Patent 3,898,736 .

In addition to Table I, Table II lists variations of Table 1 in the aforementioned case for the treatment of a child who still retains her other

7611986-6 moles of dentures in the first set of teeth.

Table III indicates a variation in the extent to which gingival edges are trimmed back to prevent damage to high palates in young children.

Although the tables are applicable only to that situation, when no teeth are pulled out, the invention is also applicable to serial extraction, as the first permanent bicuspid teeth (upper and lower) are pulled out before they emerge in the mouth. In this case, the rectifier would be similar to the non-extraction rectifier shown in Table I, with the only exception that there would be no holes for the first permanent bicyclic tooth teeth, but otherwise the rectifier would be exactly the same.

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<td> 4-&gt;</td><td>R-I</td><td>R-4</td><td>r4</td><td> «—4</td><td> &lt;—4</td><td>R-4</td><td>t in</td><td>R-4</td><td>t-1</td><td>R-4</td><td> »—4</td>

<td> &lt;4-</td><td>co</td><td>CO</td><td>co</td><td>CO</td><td>co</td><td>CO</td><td>co</td><td>co</td><td>CO</td><td>CO</td><td>co</td>

<td> 4-</td><td>co</td><td>co</td><td>co</td><td>co</td><td>co</td><td>CO</td><td>co</td><td>co</td><td>co</td><td>co</td><td>CO</td>

<td>Φ</td><td>CD</td><td>O</td><td>rl</td><td>co</td><td>• zT</td><td>to</td><td>bx</td><td>co</td><td> 04</td><td>r-1</td><td>CM</td>

<td>Φ</td><td>ID</td><td>to</td><td>to</td><td>to</td><td>to</td><td>to</td><td>to</td><td>to</td><td>to</td><td>, rx</td><td>rx</td>

<td>Ό</td><td>no</td><td>Tn</td><td>to</td><td>px</td><td> 01</td><td>O</td><td>CM</td><td>of *</td><td>IQ</td><td>to</td><td>oo</td>

<td>TD</td><td>bx</td><td>Rx.</td><td>rx</td><td>rx</td><td>rx</td><td>co</td><td>CO</td><td>co</td><td> 00</td><td>Co *</td><td>co</td>

<td></td><td>to</td><td>OY</td><td>CM</td><td>tn</td><td>oo</td><td>"-IN</td><td>tn</td><td>co</td><td>R-4</td><td> •3·</td><td>Γχ</td>

<td> 4-)</td><td> •</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>Ό Oh</td><td>• m ·</td><td> *3·</td><td>tn</td><td>tn</td><td>in</td><td>to</td><td>to</td><td>to</td><td>bx</td><td>rx</td><td>Γχ</td>

<td> 4-)</td><td> »—1</td><td>r-1</td><td>rH</td><td>r-1</td><td>R-4</td><td>R-4</td><td>R-4</td><td>R-4</td><td>R-4</td><td>R-4</td><td> «-4</td>

<td>u</td><td>CO</td><td>CO</td><td>CO</td><td>CO</td><td>CO</td><td>co</td><td>CO</td><td>co</td><td>CO</td><td>co</td><td>CO</td>

<td>u</td><td>co</td><td>CO</td><td>co</td><td>CO</td><td>CO</td><td>co</td><td>CO</td><td>CO</td><td>CO</td><td>co</td><td>CO</td>

<td>X)</td><td>t &lt;</td><td>CM</td><td>co</td><td>&lt;D ·</td><td>tn</td><td>in</td><td>tn</td><td>bx</td><td rowspan="2">co</td><td>CD</td><td>O</td>

<td>X3</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td>in</td><td>in</td><td>tn</td><td>to</td><td>in</td><td>in</td><td>tn</td><td>tn</td><td>tn</td><td>tn</td><td>to</td>

<td rowspan="2">tn * P</td><td>IM</td><td>'VJ</td><td>m</td><td>cn</td><td>O</td><td>CT</td><td>tn</td><td>no</td><td>CD</td><td>CM</td><td> '1</td>

<td>to</td><td>to</td><td>to</td><td>to</td><td>rx</td><td>Γχ</td><td>rx</td><td>rx</td><td>CO</td><td>CO</td><td>CO</td>

<td>Λ4</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>Φ -J</td><td>CD</td><td>CD</td><td>CD</td><td>CD</td><td>CD</td><td>CD</td><td>CD</td><td>&lt;D</td><td>CD</td><td>CD</td><td>CD</td>

<td>ft</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>•HRS</td><td></td><td>it</td><td></td><td>n</td><td></td><td>N</td><td></td>

<td>O</td><td></td><td> ^4</td><td>CM</td><td>CM</td><td>co</td><td>CO</td><td></td><td>-M-</td><td>m</td><td>tn</td><td>UO</td>

<td>Ul</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

7611936-6

<td>NO</td><td>O cn</td><td>CM cn</td><td>cn cn</td><td>LT) O</td><td>cn</td><td>co cn</td><td>O O</td><td>CM O</td><td>RJ O</td><td>to O</td><td>r ~ - O</td>

<td>• M</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>R-4</td><td> ·—&lt;</td><td>F-4</td><td>r-1</td>

Largest dimensions on preform

<td> 3</td><td>LQ</td><td>LO</td><td>tn</td><td>LO</td><td>to</td><td>in</td><td>cn</td><td>in</td><td>tn</td><td>m</td><td>tn</td>

<td>O</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td>CM</td><td>CM</td><td>CM</td><td>CM</td><td>CM</td><td>CM</td><td>CM</td><td>CM</td><td>CM</td><td>CM</td><td>CM</td>

<td>4-&gt; 4J</td><td>CM CM</td><td>CM</td><td>tn CM</td><td>· Γ * CM</td><td>σ " CM</td><td>O cn</td><td>CM cn</td><td>· r cn</td><td>LO cn</td><td>Γ-- cn</td><td>O" CO</td>

<td>tn</td><td>ΓΟ</td><td>CO</td><td>ro</td><td>CO</td><td>CO</td><td>cn</td><td>CO</td><td>CO</td><td>m</td><td> 00</td><td>cn</td>

<td>m</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td> «3-</td><td></td><td> «3-</td><td> &lt;3·</td><td>-CT</td><td></td><td> *3·</td><td> &lt;3*</td><td> *3</td><td> «4*</td><td></td>

<td></td><td>O</td><td>CM</td><td>ro</td><td>tn</td><td>r ·.</td><td>co</td><td>O</td><td>r t</td><td>CO</td><td>n^-</td><td>to</td>

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td>R-4</td><td> »“·*</td><td>R-4</td><td>Γ- ♦</td><td>R-4</td><td> •—1</td><td>CM</td><td>CM</td><td>CM</td><td>CM</td><td>CM</td>

<td>'• p</td><td>R-4</td><td>R-4</td><td>T »</td><td>R-4</td><td> ^—4</td><td></td><td>R * -4</td><td> &lt;—4</td><td>r ~ 1</td><td>R &lt;</td><td>. r ~ 4</td>

$ _ Lp VO &lt;O tO KO tD LO IO to tO LO

<td>u</td><td>•-HRS</td><td>R &lt;</td><td></td><td>♦ -t</td><td> 9^4</td><td>R-4</td><td>· -M</td><td> -*</td><td></td><td>R-4</td><td>R-4</td>

<td>cr</td><td>CO</td><td>θ ' "</td><td>O</td><td>R-4</td><td>CM</td><td>&lt;n</td><td>«-c</td><td></td><td>tn</td><td>tn</td><td>Rc</td>

<td>cr</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td>cn</td><td>CO</td><td>• e ·</td><td> *3*</td><td>M</td><td>M</td><td>• ST</td><td> «3*</td><td> «3·</td><td></td><td>• 5J-</td>

<td>fx</td><td>to</td><td>r.</td><td>r.</td><td>CO ·</td><td>Ch</td><td>cn</td><td>O</td><td>R-4</td><td>CM</td><td>CM</td><td>cn</td>

<td>CL</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td>in</td><td>in</td><td>in</td><td>cn</td><td>cn</td><td>tn</td><td>tO</td><td>to</td><td>LO</td><td>LO</td><td>to</td>

<td></td><td>O</td><td>r ί</td><td>CO</td><td>+ T</td><td>LO</td><td>r.</td><td>θ ' "</td><td>f · |</td><td>cn</td><td>f r</td><td>to</td>

<td>_χ J</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>X o</td><td>Γ0</td><td> 00</td><td>m</td><td>cn</td><td>cn</td><td>cn</td><td>cn</td><td></td><td>cf</td><td>rT</td><td> «3·</td>

<td>-M</td><td>r-1</td><td>r t</td><td>R &lt;</td><td>F-4</td><td>R-4</td><td>t &lt;</td><td> ·—&lt;</td><td>IF C</td><td>R-4</td><td> 1—4</td><td>R-4</td>

<td>O</td><td>CO</td><td>CO</td><td>CO</td><td>eo</td><td>CO</td><td>CO</td><td>ω</td><td>CO</td><td> 00</td><td>CO</td><td>C0</td>

<td>O</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td>• -C</td><td>R-4</td><td>R-4</td><td>r t</td><td>r-1</td><td>R-4</td><td>r-1</td><td>R-4</td><td>R-4</td><td> •—4</td><td>R-4</td>

<td>'C</td><td>cn</td><td>O</td><td>R-4</td><td>r »</td><td>CM</td><td>cn</td><td></td><td>tn</td><td>to</td><td>Γ-</td><td> 00</td>

<td>e</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td>•Si</td><td>to</td><td>tn</td><td>tn</td><td>tn</td><td>tn</td><td>LO</td><td>tn</td><td>in</td><td>tn</td><td>tn</td>

<td>ΓΞ</td><td>cn</td><td>cn</td><td></td><td>LO</td><td>to</td><td>to</td><td></td><td>CO</td><td>O</td><td>c&gt;</td><td>O</td>

<td></td><td> •</td><td></td><td> •</td><td>t</td><td> •</td><td></td><td> •</td><td></td><td> •</td><td> •</td><td></td>

<td></td><td>to</td><td>LP</td><td>to</td><td>to</td><td>to</td><td>&lt;X3</td><td>to</td><td>to</td><td>to</td><td>to</td><td></td>

<td>• M</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td>O</td><td>cn</td><td>CJJ</td><td>out</td><td>C3</td><td>U)</td><td> (.0</td><td>Cl</td><td>your</td><td>O</td><td>cn</td>

<td>A</td><td></td><td>j *</td><td></td><td> •4</td><td></td><td> j</td><td></td><td>• "KM</td><td></td><td>r-KM</td><td></td>

<td> 0</td><td>R-4</td><td>R-4</td><td>CM</td><td>CM</td><td>&lt;n</td><td>r&gt;</td><td>^r-J</td><td>M '</td><td>m</td><td>to</td><td>to</td>

<td>-P</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

ω

7611986-6

Table I (Part 5)

a. Largest vertical height at the front (labial flange).

b. Vertical height above the first pre-molar region (buccal flange).

c. Vertical height above the first molar region in line with the center of the mesiobuckal tip to the upper molar tooth (buccal flange).

d. Vertical height above the center line of the anterior surface (labial flange).

e. The total length of the organ over the center line to the line perpendicular to the key across the posterior portions of the organ.

f. Largest width over the molar area.

g. The distance between the lingual flanges at the level of the mesio lingual tips to the first upper permanent molar teeth.

h. The width over the middle of the first upper molar region,

i. The width over the middle of the first upper pre-molar region.

j. The width mesially over the central incisors.

k. The height of the lingual flange in the center line.

l. The height of the lingual flange over the first pre-molar region.

m. The height of the most distal part of the flange halfway between the buccal and Lingval tips to the first molar tooth.

n. The height of the upper flange in the rectifier from the front edge to the flange in it. upper arch.

o. The height of the lower flange from the front edge of the lower central front to the tip on the side of the rectifier.

p. The height of the upper flange from the top of the upper canine tip to the side edge of the hole.

q. The height of the lower flange from the top of the lower canine tip to the side edge of the holder.

r. The height of the upper flange from the top of the mesial-buccal tip of the upper first molar tooth to the tip of the lateral edge of the holder.

s. The height of the lower flange from the top of the mesial-buccal tip of the lower first molar tooth to the side edge of the holder.

t. The free space in the center line or the distance from the top of the front edge of the upper central front to the top of the front edge of the lower central front.

u. The height of the lingual flange at the level central to the upper and lower central front teeth or the largest dimension of the holder lingual at the level of the central front teeth.

7611986-6 i

aa. The height of the upper flange of the rectifier at the center line from the incisor to the central incisor.

bb. The height of the rectifier's side in the lower part of the rectifier from the front edges to the lower central front teeth to the center line at the lower side edge of the holder.

cc. The free space between the central front teeth in the center line, cc is equivalent to the dimension t. D in total is the same dimension as d.

dd. The height of the inverter's upper flange measured from the center of the incisor to the upper central incisor.

ee. The height of the lower flange of the inverter measured from the center part of the front edge to the lower central front.

ff. Represents the free space between the front edges of the upper and lower central front teeth. a in total is the same as a.

gg. The height of the inverter's upper flange measured from the center of the front edge to the upper side face.

hh. The height of the lower flange of the holder measured from the center of the front edge to the lower central front.

ii. Represents the free space measured between the front edges of the upper and lower front teeth. w represents the total distance between the top and bottom edges of the rectifier at the side face level.

jj. Represents the same as p.

kk. Represents the same as q.

11th Represents the free space measured between the peaks of the upper and lower canine tips. w represents the total height between the edges of the rectifier at the position of the canine teeth.

mm. Represents the height of the rectifier edge measured from the top of the buccal tip to the upper first bicuspid tooth.

nn. Represents the height of the lower flange of the inverter at the position of the tip of the lower first bicuspid tooth (buccal tip).

oo. Represents the free space at the location of the first bicuspid tooth measured between the peaks of the tips (buccal) to the upper and lower first bicuspid teeth.

pp. Represents the height of the inverter's upper flange at the position of the upper second bicuspid tooth measured from the top of the buccal tip to the edge.

qq. Represents the height of the lower flange of the inverter measured from the top of the buccal tip to the lower second biceps tip.

rr. Represents the free space at the location of the second bicuspid tooth measured between the peaks of the buccal tips to the upper and lower second bicuspid teeth.

7611986-6 ss. Represents the same as r.

tt. Represents the same as s.

uu. Represents the same as m.

d in total.

Represents the sum of aa bb cc or is the same as da total.

Represents the sum of dd ee ff or is the same as a.

vv tota't.

Represents at the position of the sum of hh total.

Represents the gg side front teeth on the sum of jj + kk + in the vertical vertical height of the labial side.

or or the vertical labial height of the holder at the canine tooth position.

xx total.

Represents the sum of mm + nn + oo or the vertical bucket height of the holder at the location of the first bicycle tooth.

yy total.

Represents the sum of pp + qq + rr or the vertical bucket height of the rectifier at the location of the second bicycle tooth.

zz total.

Represents the sum of ss + tt + uu or the vertical bucket height of the rectifier at the position of the first permanent molar tooth, or is the same as c

7611986-6

Table II

Dimensions of the first set of 2nd molars and the arc width for the placement of 1st permanent molars

<td></td><td>upper</td><td>lower</td><td>bågvidd</td><td></td><td></td>

<td></td><td>2a (1a upps)</td><td>2a (1a upps)</td><td>between</td><td>bågvidd</td><td></td>

<td></td><td>molar</td><td>molar</td><td>mesio-buekala</td><td>on wonder</td><td></td>

<td>Big-</td><td>mesio-distal</td><td>mesio-distal</td><td>lace on the upper</td><td>1a perm.</td><td>free flour</td>

<td>play</td><td>dimension</td><td>dimension</td><td>1a perm. molars</td><td>molars</td><td>vals</td>

<td></td><td>mm</td><td>mm</td><td>τππ&gt;</td><td>mm</td><td>mm</td>

<td>1 G</td><td> 7.76</td><td> 8.48</td><td> 47.0</td><td> 42.7</td><td> 2.7</td>

<td>1¼ G</td><td> 7.94</td><td> 8.68</td><td> 47.9</td><td> 43.5</td><td> 2.3</td>

<td>2 G</td><td> 8.13</td><td> 8.88</td><td> 48.8</td><td> 44.3</td><td> 2.9</td>

<td>2¾ G</td><td> 8.31</td><td> 9.08</td><td> 49.6</td><td> 45,0</td><td> 3.0</td>

<td>3 G</td><td> 8.49</td><td> 9.28</td><td> 50.5</td><td> 45.8</td><td> 3.1</td>

<td>3 * 5 G</td><td> 8.68</td><td> 9.48</td><td> 51.4</td><td> 46.7</td><td> 3.2</td>

<td>4 G</td><td> 8.86</td><td> 9.68</td><td> 52.3</td><td> 47.5</td><td> 3.3</td>

<td>4b G</td><td> 9.04</td><td> 9.88</td><td> 53.2</td><td> 48.3</td><td> 3.4</td>

<td>5 G</td><td> 9.23</td><td> 10.08</td><td> 54.0</td><td> 49.0</td><td> 3.5</td>

<td>5b G</td><td> 9.41</td><td> 10.28</td><td> 54.9</td><td> 49.8</td><td> 3.6</td>

<td>6 G</td><td> 9.59</td><td> 10.48</td><td> 55.8</td><td> 50.6</td><td> 3.'7</td>

7611986-6

Table III

Distance from the front edges to the gingival sides

<td>size</td><td>lower central front teeth, etc.</td><td>lower side front teeth mm</td><td>lower canines etc.</td><td>upper central front teeth, etc.</td><td>upper side front teeth mm</td><td>upper canines etc.</td>

<td> 1</td><td>• 7 Ο Μ, U</td><td> 3.1</td><td> 5.1</td><td> 5.5</td><td> 4.7</td><td> 4.7</td>

<td> 1½</td><td> 4.1</td><td> 3.4</td><td> 5.2</td><td> 5.3</td><td> 4.8</td><td> 4.9</td>

<td> 2</td><td> 4.4</td><td> 3.7</td><td> 5.4</td><td> 6.1</td><td> 4.9</td><td> 5.1</td>

<td> 2¾</td><td> 4.7</td><td> 4.0</td><td> 5.5</td><td> 6.4</td><td> 5.0</td><td> 5.3</td>

<td> 3</td><td>ΰ, 0</td><td> 4.3</td><td> 5.7</td><td> 6.7</td><td> 5.1</td><td> 5.5</td>

<td> 3¾</td><td> 5.3</td><td> 4.6</td><td> 5.3</td><td> 7.0</td><td> 5.2</td><td> 5.7</td>

<td> 4</td><td> 5.6</td><td> 4.9</td><td> 6.0</td><td> 7.3</td><td> 5.3</td><td> 5.9</td>

<td> 4^!in</td><td> 5.9</td><td> 5.2</td><td> ' 6.1</td><td> 7.6</td><td> 5.4</td><td> 6.1</td>

<td> 5</td><td> 6.2</td><td> 5,5</td><td> 6.3</td><td> 7.9</td><td> 5.5</td><td> 6.3</td>

<td> 5¾</td><td> 6.5</td><td> 5.8</td><td> 6.4</td><td> 8.2’</td><td> 5.6</td><td> 6.5</td>

<td> 6</td><td> 6.8</td><td> 6.1</td><td> 6.6</td><td> 8.5</td><td> 5.7</td><td> 6.7</td>

7611986-6

The orthodontist can use the rectifier of the present invention as follows: One measures the area occupied by the upper four front teeth, and selects the correct size for a preformed rectifier of the non-extraction type. If a conventional preformed rectifier is used, the gingival tissue must be trimmed as described above, so that the rectifier does not scrape the strongly outwardly angled gingival regions 60. If, on the other hand, the directions are provided sufficiently truncated, for example as in Table I, the orthodontist may use the said measure to select the correct size of the trimmed rectifier. Normally, the guide should then be worn for about 3 to 4 hours a day of exercise (biting the teeth together and keeping the teeth in a hitched position) and night time during sleep. When correcting overbite, you can reduce the time during the day when you wear the radiator down to 1 hour per day, but still the rectifier should be worn at night. Conveniently, the rectifier should be used until the permanent bicicid and canine teeth have fully grown.

Although the invention has been described in substantial detail with respect to a particular embodiment, it will be apparent that the invention can be used in a variety of modifications and variants which are apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and scope of the invention.

7611986-6 zo