Method for separating surplus material from cast items as well as device for working the method

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National application number International filing date Filing date for European patent application Priority information (30)

Application received as

E Swedish patent application □ completed international patent application with number □ converted European patent application with number (71) Applicant: VEB MAGDEBURGER ARMATURENWERKE KARL MARX, MAGDEBURG, DD (72) Inventor: HM Beier, Magdeburg, HU Höltge, Flechtingen, S Scherschmidt, Magdeburg (74) 0mbud: E Lindquist (54) Legging:

Process for separating excess material from castings and apparatus for carrying out the process

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(57) Saraandrag:

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for separating the trunk cutting site, separately for machined separation, free from molds, which include molded funnel, drainage, inlet and ciglass, from castings and from moldings to other units. separation forfeiture.uäa, SSroferKdeevr's PlasmaMltsaarnlng.

Pat utidirkar.de for the aStiet is a casting piece IS) and β », ·; rv casting sawr insertion of the unit (2) and an attached cantilever (3} seat possibly added to the center relay .- (t {4) are stored form sloping in holder bearing (10,11) which had similar gcoeatrical feet »and which are supported). pi an anordalr.g. When the device is now being directly inserted, 1 UbMtaarHst teSnntkaciHSkini will then be kept in scass position at the same time and that after completing auto attack; £ 8rlS,? Ar.to brSCMklirtBrlopp Iter ίβτ · out of the work arc for utaenlr.'jg; cGörör.ingssK .irnserc ftlo different cast casting (S) and casting parts.

The device according to the invention is characterized in that a lower plate (13) movable plate (13) over a bearing plate (11) known in itself and known as a base plate (9), comprises a support plate (9), which maintains a d * 1 provided and down the precautionary agent (2,3,4) Sr Councilor asymmetrically arranged holder relant 00.11).

(56) Publications cited:

DD 75 216, 123 274

7812672-9

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for mechanized separation of surplus material, in particular for mechanized separation of casting residues comprising casting funnel, slopes, inlets and ladders, from castings and from assemblies made of castings by means of a thermal separating process, preferably.

For separating excess material from the casting and for extracting the individual piece from complex casting devices, there are many known methods ranging from mechanical partitioning by sawing or parting by grinding, use of thermal partitioning methods to training breaking instructions for breaking off and the surplus cements. A known device (dl ap 123 274) for separating casting funnels consists of a turntable on which the casting piece is clamped and one or more cutting burners, which are used as dividing tools. The split section is performed by hand or controlled automatically.

According to another known method of making metal casting parts (DT OS 2 363 940), neat and neatly separable casting funnels are provided by providing a tapered connection between the main part of the casting funnel and the mold cavity.

The known thermal partitioning methods, such as gas burn cutting in unalloyed and low alloy steel, electrode arc cutting in high alloy steel, powder burning in high alloy steel and mixed metals as well as plasma melt cutting, are usually performed manually. Only when machining castings with a simple geometric shape is it known to use mechanized thermal partitioning methods.

In general, the casting remains are separated from the casting

7812672-9, prior to the actual separation of the excess material, the casting is separated from the casting device at any location by the casting residue, after which the partitioning process between the casting and casting residues is carried out at a particular location. However, in the manual thermal partitioning process, the individual castings are separated from the casting residues immediately within the casting device without being previously divided. In the manual partitioning procedures, the cut exhibits unsatisfactory quality due to the fact that when the burner is manually controlled, no accurately defined cut cannot be made. Therefore, subsequent mechanical machining of the cutting surfaces must be carried out in order for the residual heights of the surfaces to be such that they allow subsequent machining in mechanical and automatic machines.

In the mechanized form of the thermal partitioning processes, the cut surfaces obtain the necessary quality without requiring any mechanical subsequent machining. The disadvantage of the known methods, however, is the necessity of the initial division, which requires more work and complicates the manufacturing. This initial division is a consequence of the positioning of the castings within the casting device, which positioning is carried out for casting technical reasons. This does not adequately take account of cushioning and partitioning requirements. The centering elements for the clamping made during the mechanical machining are on the castings and cannot be used for the positioning during the dividing process, since this is always associated with an over-determination.

Mechanization of thermal separation of excess material from the casting requires the use of a corresponding device for positioning the castings to ensure a defined course of the cut.

According to a known method and apparatus for processing preferably cast and irregularly shaped components (DL WP 75216), the components are manufactured together with a component connecting frame by means of which the parts are clamped to the machine.

A known device (DL AP 83506) for supporting the workpiece in machining consists of fastening frames arranged in a regular pattern on a pallet. A frame for large castings, especially for luminaire casting, would mean a considerable amount of material. The support device described in said patent DL AP 83506 is not suitable for use in thermal splitting.

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for separating excess material, in particular for mechanized separation of casting residues comprising casting funnel, downs, inlets and ladders, from castings and from assemblies of castings by means of a thermal separating method, preferably plasma, shall ensure, on the one hand, that the cut surfaces shall have little need for finishing; respectively no such need at all and partly that the castings are dimensionally correct. For the extraction of castings from complicated casting devices, no previous breakdown shall be required.

The invention is directed to a method and apparatus enabling mechanized thermal separation, in particular by means of plasma melt cutting, of surplus material from castings and castings, wherein the cut surfaces must be dimensionless and require no further finishing or finishing. without having to divide the castings beforehand and without the castings subsequently having to be subjected to mechanical finishing.

The characteristic of the method according to the invention is that the unit of the casting and the casting unit

7812672-9 downhole and a molded centering pin as well as optionally an additional centering element are stored in sealing form in holding elements which have the corresponding geometric shape and which are supported on a device, that said device is then inserted into the working area of ​​a burner cutting machine, that it is kept in the same position at all times in the same position and that after the completion of the automatically running burner cutting process is again removed from the working area for extraction of the device nowadays separate from the castings and casting residues. The device according to the invention is characterized in that a plate which is movable in a conventional manner, known per se, over a bearing known per se, supports a support plate which is provided with asymmetrically arranged holding elements for holding the centering elements present in the casting funnel and down. The dividing process itself always takes place so that, as the last cut, the cut is made between the casting and the center rack and the casting residues present at the center rack respectively. The positioning and centering of the castings and units, respectively, is effected only by means of a molding connection of the center elements of these elements and the correspondingly executed holding elements of the device and its own mass. Outer additional clamping forces are not required.

The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a top view of a circular cross-sectional molding according to the invention; Fig. 2 is a side view of a circular cross-sectional molding according to the invention; Fig. 3 is a top view of a rectangular cross-section molding according to the invention; Fig. 4 is a side view of a rectangular cross-section molding according to the invention; 5 is a top view of a triangular cross-section molding according to the invention, fig. 6 is a view of a molding residue according to the invention, the downfall having simultaneously the function of the molding funnel, fig. 7 is a side view of a molding residue made according to the invention, at the same time has the function of the funnel, fig.

Fig. 9 is a side view of a molding residue performed according to the invention, where the downpour itself cannot be used as a center element; Fig. 10 is a Figure 11 is a side view of a molding residue made in accordance with the invention, where a core mark is placed at the centering point;

is a sectional view of a centering device made according to the invention.

Figures 1 and 2 show a centering according to the invention at a molding residue with a circular cross section. An inlet 1 has no significance for the centering. As a centering element, a centering pin 3 and a downturn are utilized. the actual casting residue. FIG. 3 and 4 show another embodiment of the centering according to the invention, the casting having a rectangular cross-section. In this case, the center pin 3 lies within the casting residue and intervenes again in a corresponding breakthrough 11 in the device (Fig. 12). The downfall 2 is in this case not stored in prism 10 but in another prism whose shape corresponds to that of downflow.

Similar to the case shown in Figs. 3 and 4, a centering is shown in Fig. 5 where the downswing, however, has a triangular cross-section. Instead of being stored on the prism 10 of the device (Fig. 12), the downshift is stored on a rolling prism.

Figures 6 and 7 show a centering according to the invention at a casting residue. At the same time, the downpour 2 has the function of a casting wood. The center pin 3 is arranged during the downfall 2. In this case, the casting residue itself cannot be utilized as other center elements since, with the dual function, downfall and casting funnel for casting technical reasons, no corresponding geometry can be achieved. For this reason, during downstream the bore 2, at a corresponding distance from the center pin 3, is arranged an additional center element 4, whose cross section, depending on the cross section shape of the downfall 2, may be circular, square or triangular.

Figs. 8 and 9 show a centering according to the invention at which, analogous to Figs. 6 and 7, the downpour 2 itself cannot be used as centering element. However, the additional center element 4 is not arranged here during the downfall 2 but under the casting funnel 5. The cross-sectional shape of the additional center element 4 corresponds to the cross-sectional shape of the downfall 2.

A problem that often occurs in practice is shown in Figs. 10 and

11th Namely, it often happens that model parts occupy or occupy the location of the center. Figures 10 and 11 show how the centering according to the invention is then performed. In this case, the core mark 7 is redesigned so that in the lower part of the mold it is partially shortened and enclosed in the core part, while it remains trained in the model. Cutting takes place from the drain 2 so that the cavity 8 is filled with metal and can be used as a centering point.

Fig. 12 shows the structure of the device according to the invention for centering casting devices in mechanized separation of surplus material from the castings. The device comprises a support plate 9 which is placed by means of bearings 12 on a plate 13 which goes around on a roller conveyor. Parallel to each other there are arranged two support elements with breakthroughs 11 and two support elements in the form of a prism 10 on the support plate 9. This parallel arrangement enables simultaneous machining of two casting devices.

Depending on the cross-sectional shape of the downfall 2 and the additional center element 4 respectively, in the specific case of use, the prisms 10 can be exchanged for otherwise shaped holding elements.

7812672-9

In all of the enumerated embodiments of the invention, the separation of excess material from the respective recesses of the castings proceeds from a unit composed of the castings in substantially the following manner:

Two casting devices are positioned (positioned) on the device each by means of its centering pin 3 and its downturn 2 and an additional centering element 4, respectively, at the holding elements 10 and 11. The circumferential plate 13 is inserted by means of the roller conveyor into the working area of ​​the burn burner in question. The device is centered and thereafter, the separation of the excess material from the castings is fully mechanized since the same position for the assemblies of the castings is always guaranteed. The separation plant is thereby programmed such that as the last cut, the cut is made between the casting and the centering site and the casting residue associated with the centering site, respectively.

7812672-9