Artificial respirator

(54) Name: Direct-acting device for assisted and regulated breathing

Various types of apparatus are used which are used for the treatment of assisted and / or controlled breathing of patients, wounded and others, in whom the physiological breathing activity is too weak or insufficient. These apparatus, which are generally referred to as artificial breathing apparatus, comprise among their essential components or subassemblies a pump system which encloses a chamber of alternately variable volume, and a drive means, which usually induces the required cyclic change of the interior volume of the chamber. by a mechanism which converts the rotational motion of a motor into an alternating one, along a straight line or a circular arc extending motion.

One category of these apparatus includes the so-called artificial breathing apparatus in which the gas mixture periodically blown into the patient's bronchial lung system flows through the variable volume chamber and the required inlet and outlet valves, thus the apparatus immediately acts as a pumping device for supplying the The respiratory function required, possibly through therapeutic, anesthetic or other effects, supplemented the gases to the patient.

Do appliances that belong to the floniM category require careful sterilization between consecutive uses of

7611794-4 all of the parts with which the mixture introduced into the patient's respiratory tract comes into contact (inner walls of the volume-variable chamber, which are usually formed by a bellows, valves and conduits). Of course, since it is impossible to subject the whole apparatus to the treatments involving complete sterilization in the autoclave (treatments which appear to be highly desirable, since their vigilance even against enclosed spores is considerable) and because it is obviously difficult to remove the building parts, it is electric motor, etc., sterilization is usually carried out by forced circulation of highly toxic and bactericidal gases, such as formalin vapors, nitrogen compounds, through the volume variable chamber, said valves and said conduits.

These sterilization processes based on the flow of goose must be accompanied by carefully performed rinses with neutralizing active gas substances, such as ammonia vapors and, in connection with air, the most stringent asepsis conditions having to be met at all times.

These requirements with respect to the care of the breathing apparatus not only necessitate the execution of prolonged and cumbersome work processes and access to gases, whose storage and manipulation are dangerous, but also entail long interruptions in operations and the availability of the device for support and regulated breathing.

The present invention seeks to solve the task of proposing a design for an artificial breathing apparatus that allows convenient sterilization after each use of the apparatus, shortening the times to a minimum during which the apparatus is unusable between consecutive uses.

The object of the invention is thus a direct-acting apparatus for assisted and controlled breathing consisting of direct-acting apparatus for assisted and controlled breathing and consisting of a still housing in which a pump unit is built, consisting of a volume-variable chamber with a stationary wall part supported in this housing. a movable wall portion connected to an element which is alternately moved by drive means, this apparatus being characterized by; that the stationary wall portion of the chamber is constituted by a body through which it extends

7611794-4 at least the supply and pressure lines for this chamber and with which all possible additional lines and components are connected, the body being provided with means for releasably connecting with said housing and said movable wall part being provided with means for releasably connecting with said alternating movement set actuators.

For a more detailed explanation of the objects and features of the invention, an embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawing. In the drawing:

Figures 1 and 2 are perspective views of a respirator according to the invention in two different positions;

Fig. 3 is a partially sectioned view of the apparatus of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a section along the line IV-IV in Fig. 3 with some parts separated;

Fig. 5 is a partially sectioned view of an alternative embodiment of an apparatus according to the invention.

As shown in Fig. 1, the apparatus designated entirely by reference numeral 10 has a housing having a gable wall 11 and an upper and a lower scale half 12 and 12 respectively. 13th

On the gable wall are regulating means 14 and signal elements 15 which are intended to enable monitoring and reporting of the working conditions of the apparatus.

Furthermore, a body 16 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is attached to the end wall in detail.

At the body 16 is a bellows 17 · made of elastic material, for example rubber, which is sealed by a bottom 18 attached to a disc 19 of ferromagnetic material. The disc 19 is provided with a cone-shaped projection 20.

The end wall 11 has an opening 21 whose diameter is greater than the diameter of the bellows 17. Around the opening 21 is a cylindrical. wall 22 fixed in which a disk 23 is movable, this disk being supported by a rod 24 which is driven by drive means 25 in an axially reciprocating motion. In addition to the disc 23, permanent magnets 26 are attached which project from the side of the disc facing away from the disc side connected to the rod 24. The disc 2) has; i.e., a single recess 27 corresponding to the projection 20 of the disc 19.

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The volume-variable, genome bellows 17 formed chamber is arranged through the body 16 and conduits connected to the outside through required valves. Schematically, for example, a connection 28 is shown for a supply line 29 which is controlled by a valve 30, and a connection 31 on the pressure side, the spring line being controlled by a valve 33.

The body 16 is connected to the wall 11 of the apparatus by means of rotatable rings 34 therein which have a threaded bore for receiving threaded bolts projecting from the wall 35.

The operation of the described apparatus will clearly be apparent from the described construction of the component parts of the apparatus.

The apparatus is shown in Figs. 1 and 3 in the position corresponding to the working condition: the bottom 18 of the bellows compulsively follows the movement of the disc 23, with the magnets 26 of the disc holding the disc 19.

When the screw rings 24 are loosened, it is possible to remove the body 16 from the wall 11 (Figs. 2 and 4) and to remove the bellows 17 through the opening 21, the disc 19 being separated from the magnets by simple unloading.

In this state, the body 16, together with the bellows, can be inserted into the autoclave or be subjected to other disinfection treatment.

In the meantime, the breathing apparatus can be equipped with another pump unit 16, 17 without the apparatus alone. during the short disinfection period becomes useless, thus achieving a main object of the invention.

In order to connect a body 16 together with its corresponding bellows to the apparatus, it is sufficient to insert the bellows into the opening 21 and to attach the body 16 to the wall 11, whereby the screw rings 34 are screwed onto the bolts 35. The bellows 17 generally rest on the wall 22 and the disc 23, in its alternating motion, comes into contact with the disc 19, which is centered by the engagement of the projection 20 in the recess 27 and which is gripped by the magnets 26 without any troublesome manipulation by hand.

The principles of the invention are applicable in connection with various embodiments of the pump chamber. Thus, for example, in Figure 5, a view corresponding to Figure 3 of another embodiment of the present invention is shown. In Figure 5, components are shown

7611794-4 of the apparatus which are equivalent to the parts of the apparatus shown in Figures 1-4.

In this case, a cylinder 37 is attached to the body 16, in which a piston 38 is slidable, the pull-out of which is prevented by an edge flange 39. The piston 38 is provided on its wrong side in the vicinity of the pole shoes of the magnets 26 on the disc 23 with an annular insert piece 40 of ferromagnetic material.

The rigidity of the cylinder 37 eliminates the necessity of providing a guide wall 22 and a centering element corresponding to the connection 20 - 27 in Fig. 3. However, here it is also possible to arrange centering elements between the piston 38 and the disc 23 if this is necessary.

The insert piece 40 can be omitted if the piston or its entire opposite side happens to be made of ferromagnetic material.

In a fully schematic manner the apparatus according to the invention for supporting artificial respiration has been explained in more detail with respect to its constituent elements according to the invention. However, the apparatus further comprises all the devices and additional parts known in the art.

In addition to said supply and pressure channels, the body 16 includes all additional inlets, for example for the suction of particular gas mixtures, monitoring instruments, the valves monitored for the patient's inhalation, and all such components of the respiratory gas circuit which are commonly found in apparatus of this kind and which are intended for sterilization.

In view of the particular structure proposed on the basis of the invention, only the components of the respiratory circuit, in particular the distribution assembly within the body 16 and the volume variable chamber (17 or 18), must be made of a material suitable for the intended sterilizing treatment which can take place. in a gas atmosphere and at temperatures and pressures against which the respirator as a whole would not be resistant.

For example, the connecting elements of the walls 18 , 38 of the pump chamber 17, 37 with the alternating movement carrier disk 23 are shown as magnetic element coupling elements which may be permanent magnetic or electromagnetic.

However, the coupling elements can be made of many

7611794-4 in various ways and may also consist of purely mechanical couplings which allow a fixed pressure connection with which can be solved by hand without troublesome intervention. Various coupling forms based on screws, clamping means etc. can be arranged in place of the connections shown in 34 by means of screw rings.

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