Untitled record

full description

Sister Ra'a wallpaper

This disclosure relates to the modification of the fuel of a vehicle and, in particular, to the dynamically separating the fuel of a vehicle according to at least one characteristic of the fuel.

Vehicles, such as cars, trucks, boats, all-surface vehicles, etc., are in use

<p>5 Typical of internal combustion engines. These engines require a fuel, such as gasoline, diesel, or otherwise, to run. The fuel is often characterized by an octane or octane number</p>

.or cetane number

General description of the invention

In general application, a fuel separation system includes a fuel separator installed to receive a fuel stream

<p>10 separation of the fuel stream, depending on the volatility of the fuel stream, into the vapor stream defined by a characteristic value of the first autoignition and a first liquid stream determined by a characteristic value of a second autoignition, the characteristic value of the second autoignition is larger than the characteristic value of the first autoignition; A portable control system is coupled to the fuel separator and is operable to receive input from an engine, the input includes the engine running state, and the control system is installed to modify an operating parameter of the fuel separator,</p>

<p>15th Depending at least in part on the operating condition of the engine, to change at least one of the characteristic values ​​of the first or second ignition.</p>

In a general application aspect, the engine running condition includes engine load, engine torque, engine speed, vapor fluid fuel rating, fuel vapor entrapment index, fuel drivability index, T90 or T95 fuel characteristics, fuel oiliness, fuel viscosity lubrication fuel lubricity,

<p>20 fuel viscosity, or average speed of the engine torque.</p>

8668

-3-

In yet another aspect, combinable with any of the foregoing, the operating parameter of the fuel separator includes at least one operating pressure, operating temperature, fuel stream flow rate, vapor stream flow rate, first liquid stream flow rate, or second liquid stream flow rate .

Another aspect that can be combined with any of the previous aspects also includes a fluid heat exchanger that has been completed

<p>5 coupling between the fuel stream fuel input and the fuel separator, and a heat exchanger is formed to transfer heat from the fuel stream</p>

Steam to the fuel stream, a heated fuel stream to the fuel separator and a second liquid stream determined by a characteristic value of the first spontaneous ignition.

In another aspect which is amenable to any of the above aspects, the heat exchanger is formed to condense the vapor stream to the second liquid stream which is determined by a characteristic value of the first auto-ignition.

<p>10 Another aspect that can be combined with any of the above also includes a heater that is coupled between the heat exchanger and the fuel separator and is configured to receive the heated fuel stream and the heated fuel stream is also heated.</p>

Another side that can be combined with any of the above also includes a variable orifice that is fluidly coupled between the heat exchanger and the fuel separator.

<p>15th In another aspect that is combined with any of the foregoing, the control system is operationally coupled to control at least one heat exchanger, heater, or variable orifice for at least one change of temperature or flow rate for at least one of the fuel stream that has been heated, the vapor stream, the first fluid stream, or the second fluid stream.</p>

In another aspect, which can be combined with any of the previous aspects, the fuel separator includes a distillation separator

<p>20 flash distillation separator .</p>

In another aspect, which can be combined with any of the previous aspects, the fuel separator includes a first-stage fuel separator and a second-stage fuel separator.

8668

-4-

In yet another aspect, combinable with any of the foregoing, the first-stage fuel separator is configured to receive the fuel stream and separate the fuel stream, depending on the volatility of the fuel stream, into the vapor stream defined by a characteristic value of the first self-ignition and the first liquid stream determined by the value of Characteristic of the second self-ignition.

<p>5 In another aspect, which can be combined with any of the above, a second stage fuel separator is formed to separate the vapor stream into an oxygenate stream and a composite stream.</p>

In another aspect that can be combined with any of the above, a second stage fuel separator is formed to direct the oxygen stream to combine with the first liquid stream, and to direct the compound stream to the heat exchanger.

In another aspect that can be combined with any of the previous aspects, the characteristic value of self-ignition includes

<p>10 The first RON (research octane number) or first cetane number, and the second spontaneous ignition characteristic value includes a second RON or a second cetane number.</p>

In another general application, a transportable vehicle fuel separation method includes receiving, in the control system of a transport vehicle fuel separation system, an engine running state; Operation of the fuel separator for the transported fuel separator at an operating parameter to separate the fuel stream into the vapor stream and the first liquid stream based on

<p>15th the volatility of the fuel stream, the vapor stream determined by a characteristic value of the first autoignition and the first liquid stream determined by a characteristic value of the second autoignition, the characteristic value of the second autoignition is larger than the characteristic value of the first autoignition; modification, depending at least in part on the operating condition of the engine, the operating parameter of the fuel separator to change at least one of the values ​​characteristic of the first or second ignition; And the fuel separator operation of the transported fuel separator in</p>

<p>20 Modified operational parameter.</p>

In a general application aspect, the engine running condition includes engine load, engine torque, engine speed, liquid vapor rate, fuel vapor entrapment index, fuel drivability index, T90 or T95 fuel characteristics, fuel oiliness, fuel viscosity, Or the average speed of the engine torque du Warn.

8668

-5-

In yet another aspect, combinable with any of the foregoing, the operating parameter of the fuel separator includes at least one operating pressure, operating temperature, fuel stream flow rate, vapor stream flow rate, first liquid stream flow rate, or second liquid stream flow rate .

Another aspect that can be combined with any of the previous aspects also includes a fuel supply that has not yet been provided

<p>5 Heating it and the steam stream from the fuel separator to the heat exchanger; Transfer of heat from the steam stream to the unheated fuel stream so as to heat the unheated fuel stream; supplying the heated fuel stream to the fuel separator; The supply of a second liquid stream was determined by a characteristic value of the first auto-ignition from the heat exchanger.</p>

Another aspect that can be combined with any of the previous aspects also includes condensation, with the exchanger

<p>10 Thermal, vapor stream to form the second liquid stream.</p>

Another aspect that can be combined with any of the above also includes further heating of the heated fuel stream; And supply the fuel stream overheat to the fuel separator.

Another aspect that can be combined with any of the above also involves circulation of the heated fuel stream through a variable orifice that is fluidly coupled between the heat exchanger and the fuel separator.

<p>15th Another aspect which may be combined with any of the foregoing also includes the control, together with the control system, of at least one of the heat exchangers, heater, or variable orifice of at least one change of temperature or flow rate of at least one of the fuel stream to which It is heated, the vapor stream, the first fluid stream, or the second fluid stream.</p>

In another aspect, which can be combined with any of the previous aspects, the fuel separator includes a fuel separator for a stage

<p>20 A first and a fuel separator for a second stage.</p>

Another aspect which can be combined with any of the foregoing also includes the separation, with a first-stage fuel separator, of the fuel stream being heated in the vapor stream defined by the first spontaneous ignition characteristic value, and the first liquid stream determined by the spontaneous combustion characteristic value

8668

-6-

The second, depending on the volatility of the fuel stream, separates, with a second-stage fuel separator, the vapor stream into an oxygen stream and a compound stream.

Another aspect that can be combined with any of the above also includes the combination of the oxygen stream with the first liquid stream; And supply the compound stream to the heat exchanger.

<p>5 In yet another aspect that can be combined with any of the foregoing, the characteristic value of the first spontaneous ignition includes a first RON (research octane number) or first cetane number, and the characteristic value of the second spontaneous ignition includes a second RON or a second cetane number.</p>

In another general application, the vehicle-on-vehicle system includes; A fuel-powered internal combustion engine installed in the vehicle; A portable fuel separation system, which includes a fuel separator installed to receive a stream

<p>10 fuel and separation of the fuel stream, depending on the volatility of the fuel stream, in the steam stream defined by a characteristic value of the first autoignition and a first liquid stream determined by a characteristic value of a second autoignition, the characteristic value of the second autoignition is larger than the characteristic value of the first autoignition; A control system that is portably coupled to the fuel separator and is operable to receive input from the engine, the input includes the engine running state, and the control system is installed to modify an operating parameter of the separator</p>

<p>15th fuel, depending at least in part on the operating condition of the engine, to change at least one of the values ​​characteristic of the first or second ignition; A first fuel tank is fluidly coupled between the engine and the fuel separator to store the first fluid stream output from the fuel separator; A second fuel tank is fluidly coupled between the engine and the heat exchanger to store the output of the second fluid stream from the heat exchanger.</p>

<p>20 In a general application aspect, the engine running condition includes engine load, engine torque, engine speed, liquid vapor rate, fuel vapor entrapment index, fuel drivability index, T90 or T95 fuel characteristics, fuel oiliness, fuel viscosity, Or the average speed of the engine torque du Warn.</p>

8668

-7-

In yet another aspect, combinable with any of the foregoing, the operating parameter of the fuel separator includes at least one operating pressure, operating temperature, fuel stream flow rate, vapor stream flow rate, first liquid stream flow rate, or second liquid stream flow rate .

Another aspect that can be combined with any of the previous aspects also includes a fluid heat exchanger that has been completed

<p>5 coupling between the fuel stream fuel input and the fuel separator, and a heat exchanger is formed to transfer heat from the fuel stream</p>

Steam to the fuel stream, a heated fuel stream to the fuel separator and a second liquid stream determined by a characteristic value of the first spontaneous ignition.

In another aspect which is amenable to any of the above aspects, the heat exchanger is formed to condense the vapor stream to the second liquid stream which is determined by the characteristic value of the first auto-ignition.

<p>10 Another aspect that can be combined with any of the previous aspects also includes a heater that is coupled between the heat exchanger and the fuel separator and is configured to receive the heated fuel stream and the heated fuel stream is also heated; A variable orifice is fluidly coupled between the heat exchanger and the fuel separator.</p>

In another aspect that can be combined with any of the previous aspects, the control system is paired operationally

<p>15th To control at least one heat exchanger, heater, or variable orifice for at least one change in temperature or flow rate of at least one of the heated fuel stream, steam stream, first fluid stream, or second fluid stream.</p>

In another aspect which can be combined with any of the foregoing, the characteristic value of the first spontaneous ignition includes a first search octane number (RON) or a first cetane number, and the characteristic value includes

<p>20 For self-ignition II RON sec or cetane number sec.</p>

Another aspect that can be combined with any of the previous aspects also includes a turbine that includes an input fluidly coupled with the fuel separator and an outlet fluidly coupled with the heat exchanger and is formed to receive the steam stream from the fuel separator and generate electric power depending on the pressure difference of the stream

Steam between input and output.

8668

-8-

Other aspects include: electrical energy generated by a turbine that can be stored and then used to heat the separation system in a starter motor, or used to power auxiliary units or hybrid systems. Two tanks to store two separate streams can be removed by dynamic control (for example temperature) to obtain the appropriate volumetric flow rate.

<p>5 an octane number for each of the two separated currents; The minimum exchange pilgrimage can be achieved</p>

heat exchanger (or reboiler in the case of a distillation unit) By keeping the liquid under a certain pressure (about 10 bar) to prevent phase change inside the heat exchanger, evaporation may occur once the liquid has passed the control valve (eg an orifice) and entered the unit flashing or dripping at operating pressure; for better condensation of the vapor phase, a flash stockpile or a column can be operated

<p>10 Distillation is at a higher pressure than atmospheric pressure, which can lead to complete condensation with less cooling (at higher temperatures), provided the steam stream remains under pressure until it is condensed or injected into the engine; solar panels can be installed in the vehicle and the electric power generated is used In the operation of components that require electricity, such as pumps, any valves or control systems, and so on.</p>

Applications, subject to the present disclosure, may have one or more of the following characteristics. For example, 15 applications can reduce fuel consumption, fuel cost, as well as CO2 emissions from vehicles.

As another example, a vehicle's fuel consumption can be reduced by fueling the vehicle's engine with a fuel that has a characteristic optimal auto-ignition value (eg, octane, cetane, etc.), rather than a higher fuel volumetric flow rate. Applications An engine with a fuel that has a distinct value for a certain optimum spontaneous ignition depending on engine load or operating conditions.May improve

<p>20 Such applications have the advantage of the auto-ignition characteristic of a single source of fuel stored in the vehicle (for example, in the fuel tank). The applications described here can also provide an additional power source to power vehicle components by improving the characteristic value of the auto-ignition of the fuel. In addition to the possibility of improving The applications shown here for the spontaneous ignition characteristic value of the transported vehicle fuel Another example, the applications given here may provide for each of the multiple fuel streams</p>

<p>25 Different characteristic values ​​of self-ignition from a single fuel source stored in a working vehicle. There is an example</p>

8668

-9-

Else, applications may allow the driver of the vehicle to purchase fuel with a low self-ignition characteristic value (for example, a low octane number), which is usually more cost-effective, while still allowing the vehicle to use both the purchased fuel and the Separately higher in value.

As another example, the application may provide an additional source of electrical energy (for example, in addition to

<p>5 The traditional sources of electric power in the vehicle (to power the components of the vehicle.</p>

The details of one or more applications of the topic under study described in this disclosure are included, accompanied by the following figures and description. The characteristics, aspects, and advantages of the subject under study will become clear through the description, forms, and elements of protection.

Brief explanation of the drawings

<p>10 Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a multi-fuel vehicle system including an example of a transported fuel separation system application according to the present disclosure.</p>

Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of an example application of a transferred fuel separation system according to the present disclosure.

Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of another example of the application of a transferred fuel separation system according to the present disclosure.

<p>15th Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of another example of the application of a transferred fuel separation system according to the present disclosure.</p>

Figures 5A-5C are graphs showing the results of a simulation model of a transported fuel separation system according to the present disclosure.

Figures 6A-6C are graphs showing the results of another simulation model of a transported fuel separation system according to

<p>20 current detection.</p>

Figures 7a-7b are graphs showing the results of another simulation model of a transported fuel separation system according to the present disclosure.

8668

-10-

Figure 8 is a schematic illustration of a controlled example of a transferred fuel separation system according to the present disclosure.

Detailed description:

The present disclosure describes a fuel separation system that can be installed in a movable vehicle, such as a car, truck, boat, or other vehicle that uses the engine to generate motive power. In some aspects, it includes

<p>5 Fuel Separation System A fuel separator, such as a flash distillation unit, can be controlled to separate the input fuel stream into two or more fuel fractional streams depending on the difference in the volatility of the partial fuel components. Each separate partial fuel component is determined by a characteristic value of a specific autoignition, such as, for example, a research octane number (RON), cetane number, or other. Characteristic values ​​for the autoignition may lag behind and, therefore, result in</p>

<p>10 It has a partial fuel component stream whose value is less than that of another partial fuel component stream from the fuel separator. In some respects, the operating state of a fuel separator, or one or more of the additional components of the transported fuel separation system, is controlled at least in part on the operating state of the engine. In some respects, a transport fuel separation system includes a heat exchanger that is positioned to facilitate the transfer of heat from one or more partial fuel component streams to a source fuel stream (for example, from</p>

<p>15th Vehicle fuel storage.</p>

Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a vehicle system 100 including an example of the application of a transported fuel separation system 108 according to the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 1, the vehicle system includes 100 vehicles, which are represented as an automobile, but the current disclosure intends the “vehicle” to include an automobile, a motorized cycle, an all-surface vehicle (ATV), and a marine vehicle (for example

<p>20 (e.g., boat or other), or an airborne vehicle (for example, an aircraft, ultra-lightweight, drone, or other), whether or not requiring the presence of a human being. In fact, the current disclosure states that “a vehicle “Vehicle” means any machine that is propelled by motion powered by a liquid hydrocarbon fuel, such as gasoline, naphtha, or diesel. A “vehicle” may also be any machine that includes an engine that is designed to use a fuel of a distinct self-ignition value, such as an octane number as research method) RON( </p>

8668

-11-

(or octane rating) (for example, in the case of gasoline fuel) or cetane number (for example, in the case of diesel fuel).

The vehicle shown 102 has a fuel inlet 104 that is fluidly coupled to the transported fuel separation system 108 to provide a fuel stream 106 to the separation system 108, for example, during operation

<p>5 Vehicle 102. In some respects the fuel tank (not shown) is fluidly coupled between the fuel inlet 104 and the transported fuel separation system 108, for example, to contain a certain volume of the fuel stream 106. In such aspects, the vehicle stream 102. The fuel 106 is varied (for example, pumped) from the fuel tank to the transported fuel separation system 108, for example, as is the need to operate the vehicle 102. In some respects, the fuel rod of the vehicle can also be used</p>

<p>10 This is to recycle the fuel stream 106.</p>

As explained here, a transport fuel separation system 108 separates fuel stream 106 into two or more individual partial streams depending on, for example, a specific feature of fuel stream 106. For example, fuel stream 106 may be separated into segments Depending on the volatility difference of the parts in the fuel stream 106. The fuel stream 106 may, in some respects, be separated into a fraction

<p>15th aromatic or oxygen, as well as other component parts. In some respects, a transport fuel separation system 108 may include one or more fuel separators, such as flash distillation separators (for example, flash tanks, combined distillation units, etc.), which separate the fuel stream 106 based on the volatility difference of the fractions into separated parts, each with a distinct self-ignition characteristic value (eg, RON, cetane number, or other).</p>

<p>20 In some respects, the Transport Fuel Separation 108 system may operate in a controlled manner under multiple pressures, multiple temperatures, or both, to improve a distinct value for the auto-ignition of the separated parts (eg, RON, cetane number, or other Other aspects of the portable fuel separation system can be controlled 108 including, for example, a temperature profile of the combined distillation unit temperature. </p>

8668

-12-

Inside the transport fuel separation system 108, the number of balance relays inside the transport fuel separation system 108, the feeding location, the reference rate.

Vehicle shown 102 includes two or more fuel part ducts marked as 110 and 112, which fluidly couple the transport fuel separation system 108 to partial fuel tanks 114

<p>5 and 116. For example, the fuel part duct 110 may fluidly couple the transport fuel separation system 108 to the partial fuel tank 114 to store the input of the fuel part by the transport fuel separation system 108 having a specific characteristic value for self-ignition, while the fuel part duct 112 may be fluidly coupled Transfer fuel separation system 108 to partial fuel storage 116 to store the input of another fuel part by transport fuel separation system 108 having different characteristic value</p>

<p>10 for self-ignition. In certain applications, partial fuel storage 114 may store the input of the fuel portion by the transported fuel separation system 108 containing higher RON compared to the input of the fuel portion by the transport fuel separation system 108 which is stored in the partial fuel separation system 116. Although only two of the Partial fuel tanks, the present disclosure indicates that more than two partial fuel tanks may be fluidly coupled to a portable fuel separation system 108 (eg</p>

<p>15th (e.g., based on the number of separation relays for a transported fuel separation system 108).</p>

In some aspects, both fuel streams 118 and 120 may be fed directly to the engine 124. For example, one fuel stream (from fuel streams 118 and 120) may be injected to the port and the other fuel stream (from fuel streams 118 and 120) may be injected directly into the 124 engine cylinders. This application may avoid any time delay in providing the correct fuel to the 124 engine,

<p>20 A time delay may result from fuel already in the fuel line past the 122nd valve. In some aspects, the fuel path for the 118th and 120th fuel streams is kept as short as possible.</p>

In this schematic illustration, partial fuel tanks 114 and 116 are fluidly coupled to engine 124 (for example, internal combustion gasoline, naphtha, or diesel engine) through partial fuel supply lines 118 and 120 and control valve 122. For example Example, fuel tank

<p>25 Partial 114 (for example, the one that stores a higher RON fuel fraction) is fluidly coupled with</p>

8668

-13-

Engine 124 via the 118 supply line, while a partial fuel storage 116 (for example, which stores less RON fuel fraction) is fluidly coupled with engine 124 through the 120 supply line. Depending, for example, on dynamic driving conditions (eg, instantaneous or real-time), such as speed versus torque conditions, the control valve may be controlled

<p>5 122 (for example, by the vehicle control system, not shown) to save a specific fuel fraction</p>

Store it in one of the 114 / 116 partial fuel tanks of the 124 engine. The part of the fuel supplied may have a characteristic auto-ignition value (for example, RON or cetane number) optimal for dynamic driving conditions (for example, instantaneous or real-time). For example, a higher RON fuel fraction (for example, stored in a 114 reservoir) may recirculate to the 124 engine

<p>10 Based on high load motor conditions, high speed motor conditions, or a combination of both. A lower RON fuel fraction (for example, stored in 116 reservoir) may be cycled to the 124 engine depending on low load engine conditions, low speed engine conditions, or a combination of both.</p>

In some respects, a Transfer Fuel Separation System 108 may help reduce fuel consumption, cost, and CO2 emissions. For example, 15 based on engine operating requirements (e.g., dynamic or real-time), provided

The fraction of fuel that has a required minimum auto-ignition characteristic value (for example, RON) for the 124 engine (not more like a conventional). Thus, the transported fuel separation system may store 108 relatively higher RON fuel fraction (for example, in the partial fuel tank 114). ) for high load and high speed operating conditions. Similarly, a lower RON fuel fraction is stored (for example, in 116 partial fuel stock 20) ​​for low load and low speed operating conditions.

In some aspects, partial fuel tanks 114 and 116 may be removed from system 100, and thus, one of the fuel portions (for example, a higher RON portion or a lower RON portion) may be cycled in real time (for example, during starting the engine 124 to power the vehicle 102) from the transferred fuel separation system 108 to the engine 124 as dictated by the engine operating conditions (at

8668

-14-

(e.g. speed vs. torque, engine performance map point, etc.). Thus, in some respects, a comparison may be made.

The only fuel storage tank on the vehicle 102 is fluidly between the fuel inlet 104 and the transported fuel separation system 108 (for example, a typical vehicle fuel tank). Thus, in some respects,

<p>5 The Portable Fuel Separation System 108 may be incorporated into a conventional vehicle 102 that includes a single fuel tank.</p>

Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of an example application of a Transfer Fuel Separation System 200 according to the present disclosure. In some respects, at least part of System 200 can be applied as the Transport Fuel Separation System 108 in the vehicle 102 shown in Figure 1. The Transport Fuel Separation System 200 that is illustrated includes a Transport Fuel Separation subset 202 (drawn with a line).

<p>10 Discrete) incorporating several components. As shown, fuel stream 106 may be received in heat exchanger 204 (for example, plate and frame heat exchanger, housing and tube heat exchanger, fin and tube heat exchanger, or other The heat exchanger 204 can also receive an input of a steam-fuel stream 216 which is discharged from the transported fuel separation sub-group 202 and is recirculated back to the heat exchanger 204.</p>

<p>15th The heat exchanger 204 outputs a heated fuel stream 206 to a secondary heater 208 (for example, hot refrigerant, hot exhaust gas, electric heater, etc.). Orifice 210 is paired (for example, valve, fixed orifice, variable orifice, or other) fluidly between heater 208 and fuel separator 214. The input of the fuel stream 212 from orifice 210 supplies the heated fuel stream 206 (eg, at increasing or decreasing pressure) to the fuel separator 214.</p>

<p>20 In some aspects, the fuel separator 214 may run in a vacuum. For example, in some applications where a particular auto-ignition characteristic value is required, the fuel separator 214 may be operated at an empty (eg, operating pressure lower than ambient) to recover increased volatile components from the fuel stream input 212.</p>

8668

-15-

The fuel separator 214, in the illustrated application of System 200, separates the fuel stream input 212 into two fuel fraction streams: the vapor fuel stream 216 and the liquid fuel stream 217. In this example, the liquid fuel stream 217 may be supplied to the partial fuel storage 114.

The fuel separator shown 214 may be a flash distillation assembly separating the input fuel stream 212 to

<p>5 At least two separate fuel fractions (eg, vapor stream 216 and liquid stream 217) depending on the relative volatility of the fractional components of the input fuel stream. In some aspects, the flash distillation assembly may include one or more flash tanks that are in which screens or similar internal structures are installed to prevent or limit small liquid droplets (mist) from being carried with the steam stream 216. In some respects, a flash distillation assembly may be a unit</p>

<p>10 Compact stills filled with organized or random packing, or with receptacles, to improve separation and prevent or reduce mist migration into vapor stream 216. Furthermore, in some aspects, the number of flash tanks in a flash distillation set may be specified by, for example, The components of the fuel stream 106 (eg, linear alkanes, branched alkanes, cyclic alkanes, alkenes, aromatics) and their relative volatility, volatility of additives to the fuel stream 106 such as oxygen, value</p>

<p>15th The required self-ignition characteristic of vapor stream 216 and liquid stream 217, the relative flow rates of vapor stream 216 and liquid stream 217, or a combination of them. Although two of the output streams (eg, vapor stream 216 and liquid stream 217) are presented from the fuel separator 214, more than two output streams (eg, depending on the number of fuel separation stages, etc.) flash balances, etc.).</p>

<p>20 The system shown 200 also includes a control system 218 that is transportably coupled with the transportable fuel separation sub-group 202 (eg, transportable coupled to control one or more components, as well as components not shown, of the transport fuel separation sub-group). 202). In some respects, the control system 218 may be a mechanical, pneumatic, electromechanical, or microprocessor control system (or a combination thereof). The control system 218 may receive (or store) an entry</p>

<p>25 It is related to the characteristics of the starting engine of the vehicle engine that includes a transfer fuel separation system</p>

8668

-16-

200, and depending on the input received (or stored), control signals are sent to, for example, one or more valves that adjust or control the temperature, the flow rates of the fuel stream 106, the heated fuel stream 206, Steam stream 216, liquid stream 217, or a combination of them.The control system 218 may also be transportably coupled with a fuel separator 214 to control, for example, operating temperature, pressure, or pressures, reservoir(s) and flash. in fuel separator 214. The control system 218 can also be transportably coupled with the secondary heater 208, for example, to add more heat to the fuel stream that was heated 206 before the fuel separator 214.

Example engine operating characteristics include, for example, engine load, torque, speed and fuel specifications such as liquid vapor rate, vapor entrapment index, drivability index, T90 characteristics or

T95, fuel oiliness, fuel viscosity, or rated speed of the engine torque, among other examples. These characteristics (as entry into the control system 218) can be used, at least in part, to modify one or more of the operating characteristics of the transported fuel separation system 202. For example, operating pressure, temperature, or both heat exchanger 204, fuel separator 214, or both, 15 can be modified. Flow rates, pressures, temperature, or a combination of them, from one or more fuel streams indicated (for example, fuel stream 106, heated fuel stream(s), steam fuel stream 216, liquid fuel stream 217 , or otherwise) can also be set (for example, with valve control, not shown, with control system 218). By modifying one or more components of the Transport Fuel Separation System 202 with the Control System 218, the characteristic values ​​20 for the self-ignition of one or both of the steam fuel stream 216 and the liquid fuel stream 217 can be adjusted, for example, to the values ​​required depending on the engine operating conditions .

In some applications, at high load, high octane gasoline engines (eg, long retardation of ignition) require fuel to avoid knocking and damage to the engine. The octane of the liquid stream 217 may be high octane, and the flow rate may be determined by the temperature of the fuel separator (214). 25 for example, at constant pressure) as shown schematically in Figures 5a-5c, 6a-6c. In some

8668

-17-

Aspects, the transported controller 218 may have an estimate of a high RON fuel quantity (and an associated RON value) based on factory settings, driving history, or both. The 218 controller may have predictive functions that give RON and flow values ​​at each fuel separator temperature 214, and specification fuel (e.g., vapor entrapment index, T95, and other properties). Then the controller may set 218

<p>5 Fuel Separator 214 temperature to optimum value to maximize the amount of high RON fuel (liquid stream 217) by allowing the temperature to increase or decrease in heater 208, as needed. For other applications, the temperature can be selected to maximize the RON value in a constant-high RON stream.Another function of the controller 218 may be to keep a minimum amount of liquid in the fuel separator 214 to avoid some steam being carried back to the liquid storage 114.This can be checked by</p>

<p>10 Through the presence of a control valve in the tube for liquid current 217.</p>

For a combined distillation application, the octane numbers and flow rates of steam stream 216 and liquid stream 217 may be determined by more than one variable: the temperatures of the reboiler and condenser (for example, for steam stream 216), the number of equilibrium stages, the reference rate and the amount of product Condensate extracted from the condenser (at constant pressure). This control strategy may be similar to that described above 15, but with more variables to control, and there is no disruption of the fluid in the fuel separator

214.

In some respects, the 200 class system may be unlikely to follow the fast dynamics of the engine in real time. Thus, in some applications, a vehicle with a portable fuel separation system 200 may include two smaller tanks, 114 and 116, (in addition to a fuel tank).

<p>20 main) for two separated fuel streams 216 and 217.</p>

The clarified vapor stream 216 and the liquid stream 217 may have different characteristic values ​​for self-ignition. For example, in some aspects, the vapor stream 216 may have a characteristic spontaneous ignition value that is less than the spontaneous characteristic value of liquid stream 217. In some aspects, the spontaneous spontaneous values ​​​​of vapor stream 216 and liquid stream 217 RON or a cetane number may be characteristic.

8668

-18-

In an example process, the fuel stream 106 is circulated (eg, pumped, sprayed, or otherwise forced) to the heat exchanger 204, and steam stream 216 is output from the fuel separator 214. Heat is transferred from the steam stream 216, In the heat exchanger 204, into the fuel stream 106 and out of the heat exchanger 204 as the heated fuel stream 206. Steam stream 216, which has

<p>5 A specific characteristic value for self-ignition (eg, low RON relative to liquid stream RON 217), condenses in the heat exchanger 204 as heat is transferred to the fuel stream 106. The condensed vapor stream 219 (now as a liquid stream with low RON) may be circulated to Partial fuel storage 116 and its storage for use as a fuel source for an engine (for example, engine 124).</p>

In some aspects, before the fuel stream 106 is circulated to the heat exchanger 204, the fuel stream may be

<p>10 106 Previously heated, for example, with electric heating, heating tape, etc. for example</p>

For example, in “cold start” situations (for example, where the vehicle engine is started), the fuel stream 106 may have been preheated depending on the inability of the steam stream 216, or the heating stream through heater 208, to provide sufficient heat, In the case of cold start, to the fuel stream 106. In such aspects, one or more fuel components (eg, RON

<p>15th Low, condensed vapor phase 219 or high RON liquid phase 217) stored in partial fuel tanks 116 and 114 may be used as cold starting fuel for the engine.</p>

In some aspects the steam stream 216 may not completely condensate into liquid in the heat exchanger 204. In such aspects, the partially condensed steam stream 219 may also be cooled to a more complete condensation of any remaining vapor in stream 219. For example, the steam in stream 219 Partially condensed steam stream 219

<p>20 May be detached and circulated to the engine with air intake to the engine. As another example, a secondary heat exchanger (not shown) such as a cooling coil, radiator, etc., may also cool the steam stream 219 (for example, with a cold refrigerant that is part of an air-conditioned vehicle system) between the heat exchanger 204 and partial fuel storage 116. As another example, the pressure of the partially condensed vapor stream 219 may be increased to increase condensation or to condensate the entire stream 219 before the partial fuel tank 116.</p>

8668

-19-

The heated fuel stream 206 is circulated through the secondary heater 208, which may add additional heat to the heated fuel stream 206. For example, the secondary heater 208 may be controlled (eg, by the control system 218) to add Additional heat such that specific characteristic values ​​for auto-ignition (eg, RON or cetane number) are met in the vapor stream 5 216 and the liquid stream 217.

The heated fuel stream 206 (also heated by the secondary heater 208 or otherwise) is circulated through orifice 210 and into the fuel separator 214 as an input to the fuel stream 212. In some aspects, orifice 210 may be controlled (for example, by a system Control 218) to adjust the pressure of the fuel inlet stream 212 so that specific spontaneous ignition characteristic values ​​(eg 10, RON or cetane number) are met in the vapor stream 216 and liquid stream 217.

The fuel inlet stream 212 is circulated through the fuel separator 214 and separated (for example, depending on the relative volatility of the parts of the fuel inlet stream 212) into the clarified vapor stream 216 and clarified liquid stream 217. In some aspects, the fuel separator 214 may separate the fuel inlet stream 212 to multiple vapor streams and multiple liquid streams, each with a distinct self-ignition value of 15 (eg, RON or cetane number). In such aspects, the fuel separator may be 214

(for example, flash tanks, distillation units, or a combination thereof) with multiple separation phases.

Liquid stream 217 output from the fuel separator 214, in this example, has a self-ignition characteristic value (eg, RON) greater than the self-ignition characteristic value of vapor stream 216. Fluid stream 217 is circulated to the partial fuel storage 114 and stored for use as an engine fuel source (For example 20, Engine 124).

Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of another example of the application of a portable fuel separation system 300 according to the present disclosure. In some respects, at least part of System 300 as the Transport Fuel Separation System 108 may be applied to the vehicle 102 shown in Figure 1. System 300 may be similar to System 200, shown in Figure 2, but also includes a power generator 318 compare it

8668

-20-

Fluidically between a fuel separator 314 and heat exchanger 304 within the transported fuel separation sub-assembly 302. The power generator may generate 318 energy (for example, electrical energy), P, within a vehicle (for example, a vehicle 102) that includes a fuel separation system Transferred 300.

The portable fuel separation system 300 that was shown includes a transport fuel separation subset

5 302 (drawn with a dashed line) includes several components. As shown, the fuel stream may be received

106 in heat exchanger 304 (for example, plate and frame heat exchanger, casing and tube heat exchanger, fin and tube heat exchanger, etc.). The heat exchanger 304 can also receive an input of a fuel vapor stream 316 which It is discharged from the transport fuel separation sub-assembly 302 and is recycled back to the heat exchanger 304.

<p>10 The heat exchanger 304 outputs a heated fuel stream 306 to a secondary heater 308 (eg, hot refrigerant, hot exhaust gas, electric heater, etc.). Orifice 310 is paired (eg, valve, fixed orifice, variable orifice, or other) fluidly between heater 308 and fuel separator 314. The input of the fuel stream 312 from orifice 310 supplies the heated fuel stream 306 (for example, at increasing or decreasing pressure) to the fuel separator 314.</p>

<p>15th The fuel separator 314, in the application illustrated for System 300, separates the fuel stream input 312 into two fuel fraction streams: the steam fuel stream 316 and the liquid fuel stream 317. In this example, the liquid fuel stream 317 may be supplied to the partial fuel storage 114.</p>

In some aspects, the fuel separator 314 may run in a vacuum. For example, on some applications where a particular auto-ignition characteristic value is required, the fuel separator 314 20 may be operated at an empty (eg, operating pressure below ambient) to recover increased volatile components.

from the fuel stream 312. In more respects, for example in applications involving the power generator 318, the fuel separator 314 may operate at higher pressures (eg, pressures above ambient pressure) by regulating pressure, temperature , or both, in the 314 separator (for example, with the 314 separator lower back pressure regulator).

8668

-21-

Aspects, the compressed steam stream 316 may drive the power generator 318. The power from the power generator 318 may be used, for example, as a turbocharger, supercharger, electricity, or a mixture of them.

The fuel separator shown 314 may be a flash-distillation assembly separating the input fuel stream 312 into at least two separate fuel fractions (for example, vapor stream 316 and liquid stream 316).

<p>5 317) based on the relative volatility of the partial components of the input fuel stream. In some respects, it may</p>

A flash still assembly includes one or more flash tanks in which screens or similar internal structures are installed to prevent or limit small liquid droplets (mist) from being carried with the vapor stream 316. In some respects, a flash still assembly may be A compact distillation unit filled with an ordered or random filling, or containers, to improve separation and prevent or reduce

<p>10 Relay the mist to the vapor stream 316. Furthermore, in some aspects, the number of flash reservoirs in a flash distillation assembly may be determined by, for example, the components of the fuel stream 106 (eg, linear alkanes, branched alkanes, circulating alkanes (Alkenes, aromatics) and their relative volatility, the volatility of additives to the fuel stream 106 such as oxygen, the characteristic value required for self-ignition of vapor stream 316 and liquid stream 317, relative flow rates</p>

<p>15th for steam stream 316 and liquid stream 317, or a combination of them. Although two of the output streams (eg, vapor stream 316 and liquid stream 317) are presented from the fuel separator 314, more than two output streams (eg, depending on the number of fuel separation stages, etc.) flash balances, etc.).</p>

The power generator 318 is fluidly coupled within the steam stream 316 between the fuel separator 314 and the exchanger

<p>20 Thermal 304. The power generator 318 may be, in some respects, a turbine or a micro-turbine installed</p>

In a vehicle receiving steam stream 316 at a given pressure, which directs the turbine to generate power, P, and exit steam stream 316 at a lower pressure to heat exchanger 304. The characteristic value of self-ignition (eg, RON or cetane number) may remain from the steam stream 316 Unchanged or unchanged fundamentally with steam stream 316 circulating to the power generator and pressure loss.

8668

-22-

The illustrated system 300 also includes a control system 322 that is transportably coupled with the transportable fuel separation subgroup 302 (eg, transportable coupled to control one or more components, as well as components not shown, of the transport fuel separation subgroup) 302). In some respects, the control system 322 may be a mechanical, pneumatic, control system.

<p>5 electromechanical, or microprocessor (or a combination of them). The 322 control system may receive (or store) input associated with the characteristics of the starting engine from the vehicle’s engine that includes the Transfer Fuel Separation System 300 and, depending on the input received (or stored), send signals control, for example, one or more valves that control or control the flow rates of fuel stream 106, heated fuel stream 306, vapor stream 316, liquid stream 317, or a combination of them.</p>

<p>10 Also for the 322 control system, the transportable coupling with the 314 fuel separator for the control, for example</p>

For example, at operating temperature, pressure, or pressures, the reservoir(s) go into the fuel separator 314. The control system 322 can also be transportably coupled with the secondary heater 308, for example, to add more heat to the stream The fuel that was heated 306 before the fuel separator 314.

<p>15th Example engine operating characteristics include, for example, engine load, torque, speed, and fuel specifications such as liquid vapor rate, vapor entrapment index, drivability index, T90 or T95 characteristics, fuel oiliness, fuel viscosity, or average speed of the engine torque, from Among other examples. These characteristics (as entry into the 322 control system) can be used, at least in part, to modify one or more operational characteristics of the 302 Transport Fuel Separation System. For example, the pressure of</p>

<p>20 Operation, temperature, or both heat exchanger 304, fuel separator 324, or both, can be adjusted. Flow rates, pressures, temperature, or a combination of them, from one or more fuel streams shown (for example, fuel stream 106, heated fuel stream(s), steam fuel stream 316, liquid fuel stream 317 , or otherwise) can also be set (for example, with valve control, not shown, with the 322 control system). By one or more modifications</p>

<p>25 Of the components of the transported fuel separation system 302 with the control system 318, the characteristic values ​​can be adjusted </p>

8668

-23-

For self-ignition of one or both of the steam-fuel stream 316 and the liquid-fuel stream 317, for example, to the values ​​required according to the engine's operating conditions.

The clarified vapor stream 316 and the liquid stream 317 may have different characteristic values ​​for self-ignition. For example, in some aspects the vapor stream 316 may have a characteristic value of auto-ignition less than 5 characteristic value of auto-ignition of liquid stream 317. In some aspects, the characteristic values ​​may be

For self-ignition of steam stream 316 and liquid stream 317 RON or cetane number.

In an example process, fuel stream 106 is circulated (eg, pumped, sprayed, or otherwise forced) to heat exchanger 304, and steam stream 316 is output from fuel separator 314. Heat is transferred from steam stream 316, In the heat exchanger 304, into the fuel stream 106 and out of the heat exchanger 304 10 as the fuel stream that was heated 306. Steam stream 316, which has

A specific characteristic value for self-ignition (eg, low RON relative to RON liquid stream 317), condenses in heat exchanger 304 as heat is transferred to fuel stream 106. Condensed vapor stream 319 (now as liquid stream with lower RON) may circulate ) to partial fuel storage 116 and storing it for use as an engine fuel source (for example, engine 134).

<p>15th In some respects, before the fuel stream 106 is circulated to the heat exchanger 304, the fuel stream 106 may have been preheated, for example, with electric heating, heating tape, or otherwise. For example, in “cold start” situations (for example, where the vehicle engine is started), the fuel stream 106 may have been preheated depending on the inability of the steam stream 316 to provide sufficient heat, in the case of a cold start, to the fuel stream 106. In such aspects, one or</p>

<p>20 Most of the fuel fractions (eg, low RON, condensed vapor phase 319 or high RON liquid phase 317) stored in partial fuel tanks 116 and 114 may be used as cold starting fuel for the engine.</p>

In some aspects the steam stream 316 may not completely condensate into liquid in the heat exchanger 304. In such aspects, the partially condensed steam stream 319 may also be cooled to a more complete condensation

8668

-24-

for any vapor remaining in stream 319. For example, vapor in a partially condensed steam stream 319

May be detached and circulated to the engine with air intake to the engine. As another example, an exchanger may work

Secondary thermal (not displayed) such as a cooling coil, radiator, etc., also on the cooling of the vapor stream

319 (for example, with cold refrigerant which is part of an air-conditioned vehicle system) between the exchanger

<p>5 Thermal 304 and partial fuel storage 116. As another example, the pressure of the condensate steam stream may partially increase</p>

319 To increase condensation or to fully condense stream 319 before partial fuel storage 116.

The heated fuel stream 306 is circulated through the secondary heater 308, which may or may not add

Adds additional heat to the heated fuel stream 306. For example, the secondary heater 308 may be controlled (for example, through the 322 control system) to add additional heat

<p>10 Such that specific characteristic values ​​for self-ignition (eg, RON or cetane number) are met in the vapor stream 316 and the liquid stream 317.</p>

Heated fuel stream 306 (also heated by secondary heater 308 or otherwise)

It circulates through the slot 310 and into the fuel separator 314 as an input to the fuel stream 312. In some

The aperture 310 may be controlled (for example, by the 322 control system) to adjust the

<p>15th Pressure the fuel inlet stream 312 such that specific characteristic values ​​for self-ignition (eg, RON or cetane number) are met in the vapor stream 316 and the liquid stream 317.</p>

The fuel input stream 312 is circulated through the fuel separator 314 and separated (for example,

Depending on the relative volatility of the parts of the fuel input stream 312) in the steam stream shown 316

and fluid stream shown 317. In some aspects, the fuel separator 314 may cut off the fuel inlet stream

<p>20 312 to multiple vapor streams and multiple liquid streams, each with a distinct value defined for self-ignition</p>

(eg, RON or cetane number). In such aspects, the fuel separator may be 314

(for example, flash tanks, distillation units, or a combination thereof) with multiple separation phases.

In the applications shown, the steam stage 316 is circulated to the power generator 318 (for example, a turbine or micro turbine). The steam stage 316 drives the power generator 318 to generate power, P, and the

8668

-25-

The output from the power generator 318 is at a lower pressure (but is still in the steam phase) than the pressure of the phase 316 in which it enters the generator 318. The low-pressure steam phase 316 is circulated from the power generator 318 to the heat exchanger 304.

Fluid stream 317 from the fuel separator 314, in this example, has a characteristic value for self-ignition

<p>5 (eg, RON) greater than the self-ignition characteristic value of the vapor stream 316. The fluid stream 317 is circulated to partial fuel stockpile 114 and stored for use as an engine fuel source (eg, engine 124).</p>

Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of another example of the application of a Transportable Fuel Separation System 400 according to the present disclosure. In some respects, at least part of System 400 can be applied as System 10 Transport Fuel Separation 108 in the vehicle 102 shown in Figure 1. System 400 may be similar to Systems 200 and 300, shown in Figures 2 and 3, but also includes a power generator 424 , a two-stage heat exchanger system, and a two-stage fuel separator system. Thus System 400 further separates the steam stream, which is obtained from the first flash stock, into high RON and low RON compounds.

<p>15th The transport fuel separation system 400 illustrated includes a transport fuel separation subset 402 (drawn with a dashed line) that includes several components. As illustrated, the fuel stream 106 may be received in a first-stage heat exchanger 404 (for example, a heat exchanger plate and frame, casing and tube heat exchanger, fin and tube heat exchanger, etc.). A first stage heat exchanger 404 can also receive an input of a fuel steam stream 428 (for example, a steam stream</p>

<p>20 Low RON components) which is exited from the transported fuel separation subgroup 402 and is recycled back to the first stage heat exchanger 404.</p>

The first stage heat exchanger 404 outputs a heated fuel stream 406 to a second stage heat exchanger 408 (eg, plate and frame heat exchanger, casing and tube heat exchanger, fin and tube heat exchanger, etc.). 2nd stage heat exchanger 408 fuel stream

8668

-26-

which is heated 406 and a combined liquid fuel stream that includes a high RON liquid stream 430 exiting a first stage fuel separator 418 and a high RON fuel stream 432 from a second stage fuel separator 422. In this example application, these two fuel streams are combined and cycled to the second stage heat exchanger 408 to provide more heat to the heated fuel stream

<p>5 406 before fuel separation. From the second stage heat exchanger 408, the RON . fuel stream is circulated</p>

high and combined 417 to partial fuel tank 114 (for example, high RON fuel tank). In alternative applications, one or both of the high RON fluid streams 430 and the high RON fuel stream 432 may be supplied to the partial fuel tank 114 without going through The second stage heat exchanger 408.

<p>10 In another example application, the order of the first and second stage heat exchangers may be reversed. For example, a first-stage heat exchanger 404 may receive a fuel stream 106, a combined liquid-fuel stream that includes a high RON liquid stream 430 output from a first-stage fuel separator 418, and a high RON fuel stream 432 from a second-stage fuel separator 422. First-stage heat exchanger 404 The stream of the heated fuel stream 406 exits to the second stage heat exchanger 408, which</p>

<p>15th Receives an input of a fuel-steam steam stream 428 (for example, a vapor stream for lower RON vehicles) and is an output of a transport fuel separation subgroup 402.</p>

Fuel Stream Overheat 410 Fluidically coupled to a secondary heater 412 (eg, hot refrigerant, hot exhaust gas, electric heater, etc.) can supply additional heat in a controlled manner to the fuel stream 410. Orifice 414 is coupled (eg example, valve, fixed orifice 20, variable orifice, or other) fluidly between heater 412 and first stage fuel separator 418. The fuel stream 416 input from orifice 414 supplies the heated fuel stream 410 (for example, at increased pressure or declining) to the first stage fuel separator 418.

First stage fuel separator 414, in the application illustrated for System 400, separates the fuel stream input 416 into two fuel fraction streams: a low RON vapor fuel stream 420 and a liquid fuel stream

<p>25 RON is high 430 depending on, for example, the input volatility of the fuel stream 416. In this </p>

8668

-27-

For example, the high RON liquid fuel stream 430 may be supplied to partial fuel storage 114 as previously described.

As shown in this application, the lower RON separated steam fuel stream is fluidly coupled with a second stage fuel separator 422. In this example, a second stage fuel separator would

<p>5 422 (for example, depending on the volatility of steam stream 420) steam stream 420 to stream</p>

Low RON component 428 and high RON 432. As described earlier, high RON stream 432 may combine with high RON fluid stream (for example, via second stage heat exchanger 408 or partial fuel storage 114).

Fuel separators illustrated 418 and 422 may be flash distillation groups separating streams

<p>10 The inlet fuel (eg, fuel stream 412 and steam stream 420) into at least two separate fuel fractions depending on the relative volatility of the partial components of the inlet fuel stream. In some respects, the flash distillation assembly may separately include one or more etc. Flash weights in which screens or similar internal structures are installed to prevent or limit small liquid droplets (fog) from being carried along with the vapor stream inside the fuel separator. In some aspects, they may</p>

<p>15th A flash distillation set is a compact distillation unit filled with a regulated or random filling, or receptacle, to improve separation and prevent or limit the migration of mist into a vapor stream. Furthermore, in some respects, the number of flash reservoirs in a flash distillation group may be individually determined by, for example, the components of the fuel stream 106 (eg, linear alkanes, branched alkanes, cyclic alkanes, alkenes, aromatics) Relative volatility, volatility</p>

<p>20 Additives to Fuel Stream 106 such as Oxygen, the characteristic value required for the auto-ignition of the Low Output RON or High RON Stream, the relative flow rates of the Low Output RON or High RON, or a combination thereof.</p>

In some aspects, one or both of the first stage fuel separator 418 and second stage fuel separator 422 may operate at an empty space. For example, in some applications where . is requested

<p>25 A certain characteristic value of self-ignition, the first stage fuel separator 414, fuel separator may be operated </p>

8668

-28-

for second stage 422, or both, at an empty (eg, operating pressure below ambient) to recover highly volatile components from the input of the fuel stream 416 or the lower RON vapor stream 420.

The power generator 424, in the example of this application, is fluidly coupled into low RON compounds

<p>5 Stream (steam) 428 between second-stage fuel separator 422 and first-stage heat exchanger 404. The power generator 424 may, in some respects, be a turbine or micro-turbine installed in the vehicle receiving low RON (steam) vehicles 428 at a given pressure, which directs the turbine to generate power, P, and the exit of low-current RON compounds (steam) 428 at reduced pressure to the first-stage heat exchanger 404. The characteristic value of self-ignition may remain (for example,</p>

<p>10 RON or cetane number) of the low-current (steam) 428 RON compounds with no change or no fundamental change with the circulation of the low-current RON (steam) 428 of the power generator 424 and the pressure loss.</p>

The system shown 400 also includes a control system 426 that is transportably coupled to a transportable fuel separation subset 402 (for example, coupled with a transportable model to control the

<p>15th One or more components, as well as components not shown, of Transport Fuel Separation Subgroup 402). In some respects, the control system 426 may be a mechanical, pneumatic, electromechanical, or microprocessor (or a combination of them) control system. The control system may receive 426 (or stored) inputs related to the characteristics of the starting engine from a vehicle engine that includes the Transport Fuel Separation System 400, and depending on the inputs received (or stored), control signals are sent to, for example</p>

<p>20 Example, one or more valves controlling or controlling the flow rates of the fuel stream 106, heated fuel streams 406, 410, and/or 416, RON low vapor stream 420, RON high fluid stream 430, RON low component stream 428, RON 432, or a combination thereof. The control system 426 may also be transportably coupled with a first stage fuel separator 418, second stage fuel separator 422, or both, for control, on the</p>

<p>25 For example, at operating temperature, or pressures, storage(s) and spent fuel separators</p>

8668

-29-

418 and 422. The control system 426 can also be transportably coupled with the secondary heater 412, for example, to add more heat to the fuel stream that was heated 410 before the first stage fuel separator 418.

An example of motor operating characteristics includes, for example, motor load, torque, speed and specification

<p>5 Fuels such as liquid vapor rate, vapor entrapment index, drivability index, characteristics of the T90 or T95, fuel oiliness, fuel viscosity, or average speed of the engine, among others. These characteristics (as entry into the 426 control system) can be used, at least in part, to modify one or more of the operational characteristics of the transported fuel separation system 402. For example, operating pressure, temperature, or both first or second stage heat exchangers 404/408,</p>

<p>10 1st or 2nd stage fuel separators 418/422, or a combination of both, may be modified. rates</p>

Flow, pressures, temperature, or a combination of them, from one or more indicated fuel streams (for example, fuel stream 106, heated fuel stream(s), low RON steam fuel stream 420, liquid fuel stream High RON 430, Low RON Components Vapor Stream 428, High RON Oxygen Stream 432, etc.) can also be set (eg.

<p>15th (e.g., with valve control, not shown, with control system 426). By modifying one or more components of the Transfer Fuel Separation System 402 with Control System 426, the characteristic values ​​for the spontaneous ignition of one or both of the steam fuel stream 420 and the steam fuel stream 420 can be modified. liquid fuel 430, for example, to the required values ​​\u200b\u200bdepending on the operating conditions of the engine.</p>

In a process example, the fuel stream 106 and the low RON component vapor stream 428 (eg, pumped, sprayed, or otherwise forced) are circulated to the first stage heat exchanger

404. The heat is transferred from steam stream 428, in the first-stage heat exchanger 404, to the fuel stream 106 and exited from the first-stage heat exchanger 404 as the heated fuel stream 406. Steam stream 428, which has a specific characteristic value for self-ignition (eg Liquid stream 430), RON, low relative to RON, condenses in first stage heat exchanger 25 404 as heat is transferred to fuel stream 106. Condensed vapor stream 419 (now may be circulated)

8668

-30-

As a liquid stream with low RON) to partial fuel storage 116 and storage for use as an engine fuel source (for example, engine 124).

In some respects, before the fuel stream 106 is circulated to the first-stage heat exchanger 404, the fuel stream 106 may have been preheated, for example, with electric heating, heating tape, or other

<p>5 that. For example, in “cold start” situations (for example, where the vehicle engine is started), the fuel stream 106 may have been preheated depending on the inability of the steam stream 418 to provide sufficient heat, in the case of a cold start, to the fuel stream 106. In such aspects, one or more fractions of the fuel (eg, reduced RON, condensed vapor phase 419 or combined liquid phase RON 417) stored in partial fuel tanks 116</p>

<p>10 The 114 may be used as a cold starting fuel for the engine.</p>

In some aspects the low RON vapor stream 428 may not completely condense into a liquid in the first stage heat exchanger 404. In such aspects, the partially condensed vapor stream 419 may also be cooled to a more complete condensation of any remaining vapor in stream 419. For example, steam in partially condensed steam stream 419 may be separated and circulated to the engine with air 15 being sucked into the engine. As another example, a secondary heat exchanger (not shown) such as a cooling coil, radiator,

or otherwise, also on cooling steam stream 419 (for example, with cold refrigerant that is part of an air-conditioned vehicle system) between the first-stage heat exchanger 404 and partial fuel storage 116. In another example, the pressure of the condensed steam stream may partially increase 419 To increase condensation or for full condensation of stream 419 before partial fuel storage 116.

<p>20 The heated fuel stream 406 is circulated through the second stage heat exchanger 408, which also receives a combined high RON liquid stream 430 and high RON liquid stream 432 (in this example). In the second stage heat exchanger 408, the heat is transferred from RON's combined elevated current to preheated fuel stream 406.</p>

8668

-31-

The heated fuel stream 410 is circulated from the second stage heat exchanger 408 to secondary heater 412, which may or may not add additional heat to the heated fuel stream 410. For example, secondary heater 412 may be controlled (at For example, through the control system 426) to add additional heat so that specific characteristic values ​​for auto-ignition (eg 5 RON or cetane number) are met in vapor stream 420 and liquid stream 430.

The heated fuel stream 410 (also heated by secondary heater 412 or otherwise) is circulated through orifice 414 and into the first stage fuel separator 418 as input to the fuel stream 416. In some aspects, orifice 414 may be controlled (for example, by the control system 426) to adjust the pressure of the fuel inlet stream 412 so that specific characteristic values ​​for ignition are met

<p>10 self (eg, RON or cetane number) in vapor stream 416 and liquid stream 417.</p>

The fuel inlet stream 416 is circulated through the first stage fuel separator 418 and separated (for example, depending on the relative volatility of the parts of the fuel inlet stream 416) in the lower indicated RON vapor stream 420 and the higher RON liquid stream 430. The liquid stream 430 output from the separator The fuel for first stage 418, in this example, has a characteristic value for self-ignition (eg

<p>15th example, RON) greater than the auto-ignition characteristic value of the vapor stream 420. Liquid stream 430 is circulated through a second-stage heat exchanger 408 (with high oxygen stream RON 432) to partial fuel storage 114 and stored for use as an engine fuel source (for example, an engine 124(.</p>

The shown low RON steam stream 420 is cycled from a first stage fuel separator 418 to 20 second stage fuel separator 422. In a second stage fuel separator 422, a steam stream is separated

Low RON 420 (for example, depending on the relative volatility of the vapor stream 420 fractions) to low RON steam stream 428 and high RON steam stream 432. The low RON steam stream 428 is then circulated to the power generator 424 to drive the generator and produce power. At this, the vapor stream of the lower RON 428 compounds (at lower pressure) is circulated to

<p>25 First stage heat exchanger 404, where it is condensed to the low condensed RON steam stream</p>

8668

-32-

419 For storage in partial fuel storage 416 as a fuel source for an engine (for example, a 124 engine).

Figures 5a-5c are graphs 500, 505, and 510, respectively, which show the results of a simulation model of a transported fuel separation system according to the present disclosure. The resulting simulation model illustrated in 5 graphs 500, 505, and 510 simulates the operation of a transported fuel separation system for a vehicle that includes

A single-stage heat exchanger and fuel separator, for example, as shown in System 200 in Figure 2. In the simulation model in Figures 5A-5C, the fuel stream (eg, fuel stream 106) is 91 gasoline mixed with tertiary methyl methyl tertiary butyl ether

(MTBE).

<p>10 Graph 500 shows the RON of the liquid fuel stream (for example, the liquid stream 217) and the RON of the fuel-steam stream (eg, the fuel-steam stream 216) relative to the operating temperature of the fuel separator (eg, the fuel separator 214). In this example, the fuel separator from the simulation is a single flash stock distillation unit.As shown, the relative difference in RON between the liquid fuel stream and the vapor fuel stream generally increases as the flash distillation increases</p>

<p>15th (Up to 26 in teams.) RON</p>

Diagram 505 shows RON for the liquid fuel stream and RON for the fuel vapor stream relative to a volumetric flow rate to operate a condensed steam fuel stream (eg, fuel stream 219) from the fuel separator. As shown, the relative difference in RON between the liquid fuel stream and the fuel stream is Fuel steam generally increases with the increase in the volumetric flow rate of the condensed steam fuel stream from the distillation unit

<p>20 Flashing (down to 26 in RON teams).</p>

Diagram 510 shows the heat flow rate relative to the fuel separator operating temperature. In Diagram 510, the “Demanded Heat” line represents the heat energy required per liter of fuel in line 106 to achieve a RON tolerance at a given temperature (eg, heat supplied to the fuel stream through the heat exchanger(s), heaters, or both). . The “cooler” line represents power

8668

-33-

Available calories per liter of fuel contained in the hot coolant that can be used in the exchanger

Thermal 208. In some aspects, more than about 80 °C, this temperature is not amenable to heat

For use (in heat exchanger 208) where the temperature difference may be zero or negative. A line represents

“Exhaust” The available thermal energy per liter of fuel contained in the exhaust gas that can be used in

<p>5 Heat exchanger 208.</p>

Figures 6a-6c are graphs 600, 605, and 610, respectively, that show the results of a model

Another simulation of a transported fuel separation system according to the present disclosure. The simulation model whose results are illustrated

The 600, 605, and 610 graphs simulate the process of a transported fuel separation system for a vehicle that includes

A heat exchanger and a fuel separator for a single stage, for example, as shown in System 200 in

<p>10 Figure 2. In the simulation in Figures 6A-6C, the fuel stream (for example, the fuel stream</p>

106) is gasoline 91 without oxygen.

Graph 600 shows the RON of a liquid fuel stream (for example, a liquid stream 217) and

RON of a steam-fuel stream (for example, a steam-fuel stream 216) with respect to temperature

Fuel separator operation (for example, fuel separator 214). In this example, the fuel separator from

<p>15th The simulation model is a single flash distillation unit for storage. As has been shown, the relative difference in</p>

RON between the liquid fuel stream and the steam fuel stream generally increases with the increase in flash distillation

(Up to 29 in teams.) RON

Graph 605 shows RON of the liquid fuel stream and RON of the steam fuel stream with respect to

. Volumetric flow rate to operate the steam-fuel stream (eg, fuel stream 219) from a separator

<p>20 fuel. As shown, the relative difference in RON between the liquid fuel stream and the fuel vapor stream</p>

It generally increases with an increase in the volumetric flow rate of the condensed steam fuel stream from the distillation unit

Flashing (down to 29 in RON teams).

Diagram 610 shows the heat flow rate relative to the fuel separator operating temperature. in drawing

Graph 610, the “Heat Required” line represents the heat energy required per liter of fuel contained in

8668

-34-

Line 106 to achieve a RON differential at a given temperature (for example, heat supplied to the fuel stream through heat exchanger(s), heaters, or both). The “cooler” line represents the available heat energy per liter of fuel contained in 5 The hot refrigerant that can be used in heat exchanger 208. In some aspects, above about 80 °C, this heat is not usable (in heat exchanger 208) where the temperature difference may be zero or negative.

Exhaust: The available heat energy per liter of fuel contained in the exhaust gas that can be used in the heat exchanger 208.

Figures 7a and 7b are graphs 700 and 705, respectively, which show results for another simulation model of a transported fuel separation system according to the present disclosure. Diagram 700 shows the effect of 10 stabilizing stages on a fuel separator (for example, a combined distillation unit or a fuel separator with

Multiple flash storages) on a characteristic value of autoignition; here, RON. Diagram 705 shows the effect of the reference rate on a characteristic value of autoignition; here, RON. In some aspects, in a combined distillation unit, the number of equilibrium relays and the reference rate are a variable Additional design parameters, which can vary for different RON of output currents (eg, liquid and vapor currents).

<p>15th Figure 8 is a schematic illustration of an example controller 800 (or control system) for a transported fuel separation system. For example, the controller 800 can be used for processes previously described, eg as or as part of control systems 218, 322, 426 or other controllers that have been Described here.For example, the Controller 800 may be transportably coupled with, as part of, one or both of the vehicle's engine and the transportable fuel separation system as described here.</p>

<p>20 The microcontroller 800 is intended to include various forms of digital computers, such as PCB (printed circuit boards), processors, digital circuits, or other part of the vehicle. Additionally, the system may include a portable storage medium, For example, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) flash drive. For example, a USB flash drive may store other operating systems and applications. </p>

8668

-35-

Portable USB can include input/output components, such as a wireless transmitter or a USB connector that can be inserted into the USB port of another computing device.

The 800 microcontroller includes an 810 processor, 820 memory, an 830 storage device, and an 840 I/O device. Each of the 810, 820, 830, and 840 components is connected using the 850 system bus.

<p>5 The 810 processor is able to process instructions for execution inside the 800 microcontroller. The processor may be designed using any number of architectures. For example, a processor 810 might be a CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computers) processor, a RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) processor, or a Minimal Instruction Set Computer processor.</p>

10 . (MISC).

In one application, the 810 is a single-threaded processor. In another application, the 810 processor is a multi-threaded processor. The 810 processor can process instructions stored in the 820's memory or on the 830's storage device to display user interface graphic data on the 840's I/O device.

<p>15th The memory 820 stores data inside the microcontroller 800. In one application, the memory 820 is a computer readable medium. In one application, memory 820 is a vanishing memory unit. In another application, memory 820 is a non-volatile memory unit.</p>

The storage device 830 is able to provide large storage for the microcontroller 800. In one application, the storage device 830 is a computer readable medium. In a wide variety of applications, the Storage 20 830 device may be a floppy disk device, hard disk device, optical disk device, or tape device.

The I/O Device 840 provides 800 I/O operations for the microcontroller. In one application, the I/O device 840 includes a keyboard and/or a signaling device. In another application, the I/O device includes 840 display units for displaying graphical user interfaces.

8668

-36-

The described properties can be applied to digital electronic circuits, computers, firmware, software, or a combination of them. The device can be implemented in a computer program product tangibly embodied in a data bus, for example, in a machine-readable storage device for execution by a programmable processor. The steps of the method can be performed by a capable processor

<p>5 For programming to execute an instructed program to perform functions for previously described applications by running input data and generating output. The properties that are usefully described in one or more applicable computer programs can be applied to a programmable system that includes at least one programmable processor to receive data and instructions from, and to send data and instructions to, the data storage system, at least one input device and at least one output device. The computer program is</p>

<p>10 A set of instructions that can be used directly or indirectly in a computer to perform a specific activity or center around a specific result. A computer program may be written in any form of a programming language, including compiled or interpreted programming languages, and may be deployed in any form, including as a stand-alone program or as a module, component, subroutine, or other module suitable for use in a computing environment.</p>

<p>15th Processors suitable for implementing an instruction program include, for example, a microprocessor for both general or specific purposes, and a single processor or one of multiple processors of any type of computer. In general, a processor receives instructions and data from ROM, RAM, or both. The basic elements of a computer are a processor for executing instructions and one or more memories for storing instructions and data. In general, it will include</p>

<p>20 A computer is also, or will be operationally coupled to communicate with, one or more public storage devices for storing data files. Such devices include magnetic disks, such as internal hard disks and removable disks; magneto-optical disks; and optical discs. Storage devices are suitable for tangibly embodying computer program instructions and data, including all forms of non-volatile memory, including, for example, semi-memory devices.</p>

<p>25 conductive devices, such as EEPROM, EPROM, and flash memory devices; Magnetic disks such as</p>

8668

-37-

internal hard disks and removable disks; magneto optical disks; Compact Disc read-only CD-ROMS memory Digital Versatile Discs (DVDs). Processor and memory can be supplemented with, or integrated into, application-specific integrated circuits

5 application application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs).

To provide user interaction, features can be applied to a computer with a display device such as a CRT cathode ray tube display or liquid LCD crystal display to display data to the user, a keyboard, and a pointing device such as a mouse or trackball that can In addition, 10 the possibility of carrying out such activities by displaying the flat touch screen or other mechanisms

Occasion.

Themes can be implemented in a control system that includes a back-end component, such as a data server, or that includes a middleware component, such as an application server or Internet server, or that includes a front-end component, such as a computer client with a graphical user interface or Internet browser, or any combination of them . maybe

<p>15th System components are connected to any form or medium of digital data communication such as a communications network.</p>

Examples of communications networks include a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), peer-to-peer networks (with dedicated or fixed members), network computing infrastructures, and the Internet.

While this specification contains many application-specific details, it should not

<p>20 interpreted as limitations on the scope of any inventions or what may be claimed, but rather as specifications of features</p>

Specific about specific applications of specific sisters. Certain features described in this limitation may also be applied in the context of separate applications in combination with a single application. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single application can also be applied to multiple applications separately or at any appropriate sub-subscription. Likewise, although the foregoing description of traits as operating in

<p>25 Certain groups and even tentatively claimed that, one or more features of the group that have been claimed </p>

8668

-38-

In some cases it can be removed from the group, and the invited group can be directed to a subgroup or a variation of the subgroup.

Likewise, while the operations in the figures are described in a particular order, it should not be taken to mean the need to perform such operations in a particular order presented or in a sequential order, or the performance of

<p>5 All operations described, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be beneficial. Also, the separation of different system components in the above applications should not be understood to require such separation in all applications, and it should be understood that the described software components and systems can generally be integrated together into a single software product or packaged into multiple software products.</p>

<p>10 A number of applications have been described. Nevertheless, it will be understood that various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of disclosure. For example, the example processes, methods, or processes described herein may include more steps or fewer steps than those described. Furthermore, the steps in an example of such operations, methods, or operations may be performed in different sequences than those described or illustrated in the figures. Accordingly, there are other applications that fall under</p>

<p>15th The scope of the following protection items.</p>

8668

-39-