Untitled record

full description

invention background

The present invention relates to an electrical circuit for harvesting, deriving, capturing, and storing energy from external sources to power small wireless devices.

Self-powered (SSHI) (synchronized switch harvesting on inductor) on an inductive organ

5 More specifically, it relates to SP-SSHI (synchronous shift energy gain on a self-powered inductive member).

Uses only (self-powered synchronized switch harvesting on inductor)

Passive elements, i.e., two electrolytic capacitors, to detect the flipping (high and low) points of a terminal voltage rather than using multiple resistors, diodes or integrated circuits as in an operational amplifier. with circles

10 Existing, the new circuit shows significantly reduced losses, increased output rates, increased efficiency, lower cost and increased reliability.

The need for a wired electrical power supply prompted the interest in piezoelectric power acquisition

GK Ottman et al. to extract electrical energy using a vibrating piezoelectric device according to

In an article entitled:

“Adaptive Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Circuit for Wireless Remote 15 Power Supply,” IEEE Transaction on Power Electronics, Vol. 17, No. 5,

September 2002.

As mentioned here, a piezoelectric device differs from a typical power supply in that its internal impedance is capacitive rather than inductive, and may be driven by a mechanical vibration of varying amplitude

20 and frequency.

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Centimeter piezoelectric elements generate electrical power in the milliwatt range using a minimum ambient vibration of 1 kHz. These elements have been considered a viable solution for long-life micron-power generators since they generate enough power to drive low-power electronic devices such as smart wireless sensors that consume less than a few milliseconds.

5 Watts, as suggested by A. Tabesh and others in an article entitled:

“A Low-Power Stand-Alone Adaptive Circuit for Harvesting Energy From a Piezoelectric Micropower Generator”,

Posted by:

IEEE Transaction on Industrial Electronics, Vol. 57, No. 3, p. 840-849,

March 2010. 10

The aforementioned article by A. Tabesh et al. discloses a power gain conditioned circuit with low power dissipation useful for effective AC/DC voltage conversion of a piezoelectric micropower generator. alone and extracts piezoelectric potential energy independently of load and parameters

15th Piezoelectricity without the use of any external sensor. The electrical circuit consists of a voltage-doubler rectifier, a step-down step-down transformer, and an analog controller operating with a single supply voltage in the range of 2.5-15 volts. The piezoelectric voltage controller is used as a feedback and regulates the rated voltage to adaptively improve the extracted power. The non-measurable power dissipation of the control unit is less than 0.05mW, and the circuit efficiency is 20 about 60% for output power levels above 0.5mW. Describe the empirical proofs of the electric circuit

The following: 1) the circuit significantly increases the power extracted from a piezoelectric element compared to a simple full-bridge diode rectifier without circuit assembly control, and 2) the circuit's efficiency is predominantly determined by its switched transformer. The simplicity of the circuit facilitates

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Develop efficient piezoelectric power acquisition tools for low-power applications such as wireless sensors and portable devices.

A self-contained electrical device is no longer a subject of fiction, according to Liya Ghu and Renwen Chen in an article titled:

"A New Synchronized Switch Harvesting Scheme Employing Current 5 Doubler Rectifier"

As shown. Sensors and Actuators, Vol. 174 (2012) 107-114 Posted by

In it, the piezoelectric gain device consists of three parts: a piezoelectric gainer construction operating under vibratory excitation, an electrical interface that converts the generated AC into 10 DC current compatible with most electrical terminal loads and a stacking energy storage device

Energy storage for intermittent use.

Campbell's US Patent No. 8269399 B2 discloses an energy-acquisition system and device. This patent discloses a sensitive assembly that includes a transducer and a control module coupled with the transducer. The control module is designed to selectively switch the sensor assembly 15 between a first mode of operation where the sensor assembly measures the amount of energy induced to the sensor assembly, and a second mode of operation where the sensor assembly stores an amount of induced energy to the sensor assembly.

US Patent No. 8373332 B2 of February 12, 2013, attributed to Lee et al., discloses an electrical energy-acquiring device capable of increasing the output power. The electrical power-acquisition device includes a power-gain array having a set of power-acquisition devices, a single 20-rectifier connected to the power-acquisition array, and an output unit connected to a single rectifier and a load impedance. The PEGs include a combination of a first PEG that is connected together in parallel and a single PEG that is connected in parallel with the first PEG. The first energy-acquiring devices have a first special resistance higher than the load resistance, and the second energy-acquiring devices has a second special resistance higher than the first special resistance.

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General description of the invention

Load-feed piezoelectric power acquisition devices are used for military, non-military and many other applications. Several techniques are used to extract maximum power from piezoelectric materials. 5 For example, a very large amount of power is dissipated in piezoelectric materials to flip the output voltage through the internal capacitor and resistor of a piezoelectric device. One method of acquiring this ability is synchronous mutable energy gain on an inductive organ technique. Other circuits use the capacity accumulated in a battery to feed the circuit to detect the fluctuation points of piezoelectric energy acquisition devices.

The output power is from piezoelectric energy gain.

With amplitude and frequency (AC) (alternating current) 10

They depend on mechanical stress on a piezoelectric material and its electrical circuit. The equivalent circuit of a piezoelectric transducer (PZT) is a current source in shunt with a resistor and capacitor as shown in Figure 1. The power generated by a piezoelectric transducer is too small to be used to feed loads directly and is not suitable for use in most applications15 Without battery storage or super capacitor to accumulate the generated power for use when needed. For this reason, a rectifier must be used to convert AC to DC power.

The literature recommends the use of a diode bridge rectifier (1) instead of a half-wave diode rectifier. Also, a voltage multiplier can be used to increase the DC output power derived from a PEH [2]. 20 increases the output voltage of a piezoelectric gainer and extends the operating range of a piezoelectric gainer [3].The DC output power of a rectifier may be used directly to feed a load or to charge a storage device such as Standard PEH,SPEH [4] as shown in Figure 1. This technology has a high output voltage and low current that is not suitable for storing a small battery with low voltage. Operating a PEH circuit at low voltage will greatly reduce efficiency and power

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extracted. Therefore, a device is needed that can interconnect a low-voltage battery with a high output voltage of a piezoelectric device.

Ottman et al. [5] and [6] present a first direct current to direct current (DC-DC) attenuator transformer to interface a low-voltage battery with a 5 high-voltage output from a piezoelectric device. Ottman et al. determine that the power extracted from a piezoelectric device increases by 400% in [5] and 325% in [6] and [7] by comparison when the battery is charged directly with a piezoelectric element circuit without a DC-DC converter (SPEH) from Figure 1 (. As a result of the diminishing characteristics of a damper transformer only other articles present a booster weakening transformer to extend the operating range of the transformer to act as a reducer or as a booster [8], [9].

10 The fly-back converters studied in some articles work to lengthen

Limitations of operation of the piezoelectric gainer [10]. In most cases a DC-DC converter is necessary because it extends the operating range, increases the power drawn from the circuit to gain piezoelectric energy, and greatly increases the efficiency of piezoelectric energy gain. The transfer of the output voltage of the piezoelectric device between its peaks occurs when the load is isolated from the piezoelectric device (all

15th The rectifier diodes are closed), as shown in Figure 2, dissipating a very large amount of power through the internal capacitor and rectifier of the piezoelectric device. This greatly reduces the power extracted and the efficiency of the circuit for piezoelectric power gain. Voltage fluctuation through an inductive member at a time A short circuit can draw most of this dissipated power to the load and increase the output power to a very large extent.

20 (SSHI). This technique was first introduced by [11]. The authors determined that the technique shows an output power increase of over 900% compared to the same piezoelectric system with SPEH shown in Fig. 1 [11].

Some studies use an inductive factor in parallel with [15], [14], [13], [12], [11] PZT], [16] and others use an inductive factor in series [17], [18]. Based on the results and comparison of the literature, we conclude that the SSHI technique in parallel is one of the best techniques used to flip the output voltage of the piezoelectric device. This is the reason for its use in this research. Two techniques can be used

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Two different circuits to run the SSHI circuit in parallel. One of them is called self-powered SSHI -SP-SST (II] [21], [20], [19], [12] in which the generated power is fed into the auxiliary circuit to detect the correct points of inverting the terminal voltage of the circuit to gain piezoelectric energy. The other research is Battery Accumulated Energy (BD-SSHI) to feed circuit 5 managed [22], [23] by SSHI in parallel. BD-SSHI uses battery capacity or an auxiliary circuit to power the integrated circuits used to detect peaks and to drive the SSHI circuit. BD-SSHI technology suffers from low efficiency and does not self-start when the battery loses its charge. SP-SSHI technology uses a peak detector circuit to detect the opening or closing time of the switches to flip the voltage through a piezoelectric device through the inductive member

10 L and [24 Cp]. This circuit is completed by using a contrasting circuitry that senses the capacitor voltage (dv/dt), and a comparator to switch two transistors with an effect on Warn.

(metal oxide - semiconductor field effect)

(MOSFETs) transistors) in series with an inductive member SSHI. The differentiated circuit is completed by the remote control (RC) circuit that detects 15 absolute peaks of the terminal voltage of the piezoelectric device when it begins to change its course. must supply

The reference to the comparator for switching MOSFETs. The main idea here is the bias voltage that can be obtained by charging two capacitors through half-wave rectifiers. This circuit [24] dissipates a very large amount of power in the feed, comparator bias, and other components of the circuit.

20 The circuit of the other atom detector is shown in Fig. 3. The fluctuation technique is presented

used in this circuit first by [25]. This technique is widely used in many studies such as [20]. This circuit uses peak-detector circuits that have 8 diodes, 4 transistors, three capacitors, and two rectifiers. In this circuit, two voltage fluctuations equal to one charge are applied to exercise each operation

25 switch. In the open case of a positive peak voltage, D1, R1 and C1 form an envelope reagent. Opens D3, T3

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and T1 and the current is reflected through the inductive member SSHI, D5 and D8. In the same way, opening negative peak voltages, D2, R2, and C2 form an encapsulated reagent. D4, T4 and T2 will open and current will be reversed through the inductive member SSHI, D6 and D7. The load can be connected through the capacitor C or it can be connected after using a diode bridge rectifier and a DC-DC converter. The current and voltage waveforms of a circuit gaining piezoelectric power using SSHI technology in parallel are shown in Figure 5.

Notwithstanding the above, it is currently believed that there is a need and potential commercial market for a new piezoelectric power acquisition device using a self-powered SSHI circuit as shown in the present invention. There must be a demand and commercial market for these devices because these devices use 10 passive elements, i.e. two electrolytic capacitors, to detect terminal voltage fluctuation points, rather than many active elements such as rectifiers, diodes and op-amps (operational). amplifier) ​​used in conventional electrical circuits. Additionally, the demander's self-powered ACSC circuit demonstrates significant reduction in losses, increased output rates, increased efficiency, reduced cost and increased reliability.

15th The present invention relates to a new organoid asynchronous synchronous power gain device

Inductive uses two capacitors (passive elements) to detect terminal voltage fluctuation points and to replace many of the active elements as used on other circuits, such as rectifiers, diodes and operational amplifiers. The new circuit demonstrates a significant reduction in losses, has an increased output More, increased efficiency, lower cost and increased reliability.

<h2>20 Brief explanation of the drawings</h2>

The invention will now be described with the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of a standard piezoelectric power gainer;

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Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of the terminal voltage and current supply of a standard piezoelectric power gainer;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a pre-inductive MCV power gain device circuit;

<p>5 Figure 4 is a pictorial representation of the current and voltage waveforms of an alternating power acquisition device</p>

The inductive synchronous on an inductive member shown in Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a circuit diagram of a self-powered synchronous switched power gain device on an inductive member according to the present invention; And

Figure 6 is a pictorial illustration of the current and voltage waveforms of an inductive member 10 synchronous alternating power acquisition device according to the present invention as shown in Figure 5.

Detailed description:

An inductive member of the present invention to gain energy from a piezoelectric element includes an encapsulated detector having passive elements connected in parallel with a piezoelectric element and acting as negative and positive voltage detectors. The inductive member contacts

<p>15th In parallel with the electrical capacitors, the switching devices in the electrical circuit are connected with the electrical capacitors and an inductive member to control the fluctuation of the positive and negative voltage from the piezoelectric element to the inductive member. A full-wave rectifier is connected in the circuit to convert the AC output of the piezoelectric element to DC voltage, and a DC-DC converter is connected to receive the rated voltage and supply it to a load. Equivalent circuit of a piezoelectric element, including the piezoelectric element PZT of the present invention,</p>

<p>20 It includes an internal electrolytic capacitor Cp as depicted in the space marked by dashed lines in Figure 1.</p>

In a preferred embodiment, referring specifically to Figure 5, the passive elements comprise a first electrolytic capacitor C1 and a second electrolytic capacitor C2 connected through said piezoelectric element, and a means

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Switching includes the first and second transistors T1 and T2 connected in parallel with each other and in series with the inductive member L, and the third and four transistors T3 and T4 connected with the bases of the first and second transistors mentioned to open and close them. The rectifier is a DBR diode bridge rectifier consisting of four D1-D4 diodes connected in a bridge. The C DC-DC converter adapts the power output of 5 to the circuit.

The first transistor T1 is a NPN-negative transistor and the second transistor T2 is a PNP-negative transistor. The capacitive value of C1 is less than that of C2 (about 0.1 nN). ward (nF) (nano farad) and 1 nF, respectively), which causes the voltage across C1 to change

<p>10 quickly reported it via C2. The voltage across C1 controls transistors T3 and T4. The third transistor T3 has its base and emitter connected, respectively, through the first capacitor C1, and its collector is connected to the base of the first transistor T1, the said third transistor works to open the first transistor when the voltage across the first capacitor C1 changes from positive to negative This enables the said power to flow through the first mentioned transistor T1 to the said inductive member.</p>

<p>15th The four transistors T4 have its base and its emitter connected, respectively, through the first capacitor C1, and its collector is connected with the base of the second transistor T2, the four transistor mentioned works to open the second transistor mentioned when the voltage changes across the capacitor The aforementioned first transformed from negative to positive, thus enabling the said power to flow through the said first transistor to the said inductive member. The first transistor T1 passes the voltage</p>

<p>20 The positive voltage from the piezoelectric element to the inductive member and the second transistor T2 works to pass the negative voltage from the piezoelectric element to the inductive member.</p>

The circuit operation is as follows. Figure 6 shows voltage and current waveforms for voltages across and current through each component of the proposed new circuit.

Stage 1: When the output voltage is equal (vp(t with VD) VRI+2VD is the voltage drop

<p>25 . across each diode), the voltage across the capacitor C1 is the primary emitter voltage</p>

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(VBE) (base-emitter voltage) that drives transistor T3 to its closed state and as a result transistor T1 also shuts down. During this time, transistor T4 is in a running state but cannot switch transistor T2 to its open state because the voltage between the collector The emitter (VCE) between collector and emitter for T2 is positive. So, during this case

<p>5 All transistors are closed and the power of the piezoelectric PZT is passed to the output through diodes D1 and D3. Once the terminal voltage (vp(t) is less than VRI+2VD at t=zero, all the diodes of the bridge diode rectifier will close. The voltage on the capacitor C2 remains at least constant (Vri+2Vd) due to its higher time constant. It will flip Voltage across the capacitor VC1=VP - VC2) C1) from positive to negative</p>

<p>10 while 0 &lt; t &lt; t1. Thus, the primary function of the C2 term during this phase is to force the voltage C1 to fluctuate from positive to negative when the terminal voltage of the PZT term becomes less than Vri+2Vd.</p>

Once the voltage C1 reaches VBE- the transistor T3 will open and thus force T1 to open,

The positive voltage stored in the electrolytic capacitor C1 will then be discharged through the inductive member L.

This fluctuation period will continue until the current in the inductive member reaches zero (t1 to t2).

<p>15th When the terminal voltage (vp(t) reaches a certain amount (-VF). Then (from t2 to t3) the transistors T3 and T1 will be closed because the current through the collector of the transistor T1 (current of the inductive member) has reached zero. During this period (t2 to t3), the source current will spontaneously charge the internal capacitor Cp in the PZT piezoelectric device to a value of -(Vri+2Vd). All diodes remain closed during this period (t2 to t3).</p>

<p>20 Stage 2: Once the voltage vp reaches the value (Vri+2Vd) - the voltage is across</p>

The capacitor C1 is VBE–, which makes the transistor T4 in the closed state and thus T2 will be closed as well. During this time, the transistor T3 is on but it cannot switch the transistor T1 to the open state because the voltage VCE for T1 is negative. Thus, during this state all the transistors are in a closed state and the power of the piezoelectric device PZT passes to the output from

<p>25 Through diode D2 and D4. Once the value of the output voltage (vp(t) becomes higher than -</p>

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<p>(Vri+2Vd), all diodes of the bridge rectifier diode will be closed. The voltage across C2 remains mostly constant (Vri+2Vd)-) due to its higher time constant. The voltage across the capacitor VC1=VP - VC2) C1) will flip from negative to positive. Thus, the main function of the C2 term during this stage is to force the voltage of C1 to fluctuate from negative to positive when it becomes</p>

5 The terminal voltage of the PZT is higher than -(Vri+2Vd), which causes T4 to open and thus also T2 to open and negative voltage will flow in the internal capacitor Cp through the inductive member L. This fluctuation period will continue until the current in the inductive member reaches zero and reaches Terminal voltage (vp(t) to VF. Then, T4 and T2 will shut down again and the source current alone will charge the capacitor Cp to reach the value (Vri+2Vd). During this period all

10 Diodes closed. Once the output voltage (vp(t) reaches Vri+2Vd, D1 and D3 will open again and stage 1 will repeat.

While the invention is disclosed with respect to preferred embodiments, it should be understood that all changes and modifications may be made in it without falling outside the scope of the appended claims.

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Didn't you come back?

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