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Full description

The secret of the invention

Weeds and other undesirable vegetation inhibit crop growth and represent a recurring problem in agricultural operations. To help reduce unwanted plant growth, a variety of chemical compounds and chemical formulations have been developed for pre- and post-emergence application. However, there is still a need for herbicidal formulations of compounds that demonstrate herbicidal synergy for increased effectiveness in controlling unwanted plants or reducing the growth.

80 US Patent No. 7,384,849 by Balco et al describes compounds of 6-(poly(aryl)

6-(poly-substituted aryl)-4-aminopicolinates (substituted -4-amino picolinate)

And used as herbicides.

U.S. Patent No. 7,622,648 by Lamak Kotsch et al describes methods and compositions for providing tolerance to multiple herbicides.

.herbicides 85

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US Patent Publication No. 8 0837837-2080 by Rosinger et al describes herbicide/safener combinations.

U.S. Patent Publication No. 8 0885727-2082 by Lasachevi et al describes control of weeds resistant to phenoxyalkanoic acid using 420-amino-3-chloro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)pyridine. 2-Carboxyme

4-amino-3-chloro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)pyridine-2-

Carboxylic acid and its salts or ester.

U.S. Patent Publication No. 8 0809569-2083 by Gaddaev et al describes stable pesticidal compositions.

25 U.S. Patent Publication No. 8 0890558-2082 by Lerex et al. describes arylalkyl esters from 4-amino-6-(phenyl-but-substituted)-picolinate compounds.

4 And 6-amino-2-(phenylbo-amino-6-(substituted phenyl)-picolinates.

6-amino-2-substituted (substituted)-pyrimidine carboxylate and its uses as herbicides

.phenyl)-pyrimidine carboxylates

30 US Patent Publication No. 8 0207607-2088 by Lasachevi et al describes synergistic herbicide/fungicide compositions containing specific pyridine carboxylic acids and specific fungicides.

US Patent Publication No. 8 0082862-2088 by Morsbach et al describes synergistic fungicide compositions containing 5-fluorocytosine for the control of 35 fungi in cereal crops.

US Patent Publication A8 2009-0062828 by Lasachevi et al describes synergistic herbicidal compositions containing specific carboxylic acids pyridine or pyrimidine and specific herbicides for cereals and rice.

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There is still a need for synergistic herbicidal 40 compositions and application methods that are effective in controlling and pruning unwanted plants.

Herbicidal compositions containing (a) 4-amino-3-chloro-5-fluoro-6-(4-chloro-2-phosphoro-3-methoxyphenyl)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid or ester are described here. A pharmaceutically acceptable growth salt is agriculturally acceptable 45 ester or salt, and (b) isosomphorous, or iso-somphorous, or isprocarb, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester. Methods of controlling unwanted plants are also described and include the application of (a) 4-amino-3-chloro-5-fluoro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid or ester Or an agriculturally acceptable growth salt, and (b) halosulfuron, pyrazosulfuron, esprocarb, salt, or 50 agriculturally acceptable esters.

General description of the invention

Provided here is a herbicide formulation that includes (a) 4-amino-3-chloro-5-fluoro-6-(4-cholor-2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid-5-4-amino. -3-chloro

fluoro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid

55 Or an agriculturally acceptable ester or salt thereof, and (b) halosulfuron - methyl -halosulfuron pyrazosulfuron, methyl-ethyl pyrazosulfuron-ethyl or esprocarb or an agriculturally acceptable salt or ester. It also provides methods for controlling unwanted vegetative growth, which include (a) 4 (B) halosulfuron-methyl, 60-pyrazosulfuron-amino-3-chamoro-5-chamoro-6-(4-chamoro-2-chamoro-3-methoxyphenyl) pyridine-2-carboxylic acid or an agriculturally acceptable ester or growth salt. Agriculturally acceptable ethyl, esprocarb, salt, or ester.

Protecting crops from weeds and other vegetation that inhibit crop growth is a recurring problem in agriculture. To help overcome this problem, researchers in the field of industrial chemistry have produced many chemicals and chemical formulations that are effective in controlling unwanted growth. Explains the nature of chemical herbicides

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65 There are many types commercially available. Despite this, there remains a need to discover a more effective way to control unwanted vegetative growth.

A first embodiment of the invention presented herein includes herbicidal compositions comprising a therapeutically effective herbicidal amount of (a) the compound of formula (I).

<img file="SA4095B1_D0001.tif" />

70 or an agriculturally acceptable salt or an ester thereof, and (b) selected from the group consisting of halosulfur-methyl-biaryzosfuran-ethyl or esprocarb or an agriculturally acceptable salt or an ester thereof.

The second form includes a mixture of the first form, where the formula (I) exists in at least one of the following forms: carboxylic acid, carboxylate salt, aralkyl alkyl ester, unsubstituted 75 benzyl, benzyl substituted benzyl, C1-4 alkyl, and/or n-butyl ester

.butyl ester

The third model includes mixtures according to either the first or second models, where (B) is halosulfuron-methyl while the weight ratio of the compound was chosen from formula (I) to halosulfuron-methyl present in units gae/ha to gai/ha or gae/ha to gae/ha 80 mv The group with ratios consisting of about: 8:70 to 284:8, 8:8 to 89:8, 8:8 to

<p dir="rtl">2.4:8, ½ to 1/3, 8:8, 8:2, 8:4, 8:8.7; 8:0.75, 2:8, 8:5.7, 8:0.4, or within any defined range between any pair of values listed above.</p>

The model includes four mixtures according to either the first or second model, where (B) is pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, while the weight ratio of the compound of formula (I) is 85 to pyrzosulfuron-ethyl, specified in units from gae/ha to gai/. ha or gae/ha to gae/ha mf

A group with ratios of about: 8:60 to 600:8, 8:27 to 4:8, 0.8:8 to

<p dir="rtl">8:6, 8:4 to 4:8, 8:8 to 8:3, 8:5.7, 8:3.4, 8:6.8, 8:84, 8:7, 8:8.7,</p>

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8:0.8; 8:2, 8:8, 2:8, and 8:4, or within any defined range between any pair of values listed above.

The fifth model includes mixtures according to either the first or second models, where (B) is esprocarb, while the weight ratio of the formula compound (I) to esprocarb is chosen in units.

5 From gae/ha to gai/ha or gae/ha to gae/ha from the group with ratios consisting of about:

8:500 to 6.8, 8:48 to 8:3, 8:82 to 8:24, 8:6 to 8:82, 8:82, 8:6, 8:24, and 8:48, or through any A defined range between any pair of values mentioned above.

The sixth embodiment includes any compound according to any of the first to fifth embodiments, while the mixture includes at least one of the agriculturally acceptable agents selected from the group consisting of the adjuvant,

80 The pregnant woman, or the protector.

The seventh embodiment includes a method for controlling unwanted vegetation including the step of applying or otherwise contacting the vegetation, soil, and/or water with a herbicidal amount of at least one mixture in accordance with any of embodiments one through six.

The eighth model includes methods according to the seventh model, while the method has been applied by at least 85 members of the group consisting of water-seeded, direct-seeded, and/or cultivated rice.

transplanted rice, wheat cereals, barley, oats, rye, sorghum, corn, sugarcane, sunflower, oilseed rape, canola, sugar beet, soybean, Picking cotton, pineapple, pastures

20 pastures, grasslands, rangelands, fallowland, turf, trees and vines, aquatics, plantation crops, vegetables, industrial vegetation management (IVM), or rights-of-way of-way

(ROW)

25 The ninth embodiment includes methods according to any of the seventh or eighth embodiments while a herbicidally significant amount of the mixture is applied either pre-or post-emergence to at least one of the following: crop, field, ROW, or paddy rice.

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The tenth embodiment includes methods according to any of the seventh to ninth embodiments, while the unwanted plant may be controlled by: glyphosate-5, glyphosate-enolpyruphyl-shikimate-3-phosphate

synthase - EPSP inhibitor 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate

Inhibitor, glufosinate - glutamine synthetase inhibitor 5 dicamba, inhibitor, phenoxy auxin, pyridyloxy auxin, synthetic auxin, auxin transport inhibitor, aryloxyphenoxypropionate cyclohexanedione, phenyl p phenylpyrazoline, acetyl CoA carboxylase inhibitor, imidazolinone, sulfonylurea 80, Pyrimidinylthiobenzoate, triazolopyrimidine-sulfonamide, sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone, acetolactate synthetase

acetohydroxy acid or acetolactate synthase (ALS)

AHAS, hydroxyphenyl-pyruvate dioxygenase inhibitor 4-85 HPPD, phytoene desaturase inhibitor, carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor, protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor (PPO). Cellulose biosynthesis inhibitor, mitosis inhibitor, microtubule inhibitor, very long chain fatty acid 20 acid inhibitor inhibitor, fatty acid and lipid biosynthesis inhibitor, photosystem I inhibitor I, photosystem I inhibitor II, triazine (PPO) protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor, or bromoxynil-tolerant crops.

The eleventh embodiment includes at least one method according to any of the seventh to tenth embodiments 25 While a plant resistant to at least one herbicide is treated, and while resistant crops induce multiple or combined traits to confer resistance to herbicides or inhibitors, multiple modes of action, in some embodiments treated plants Those that express resistance to pesticides cause psychologically undesirable plants.

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The twelfth embodiment includes methods according to the eleventh embodiment, while a resistant weed is a biotype with resistance to multiple pesticides, multiple chemical classes, pesticide inhibitors with multiple modes of action, or through multiple resistance mechanisms.

The Thirteenth Model includes at least one of the methods according to either the Eleventh Models or

5 Twelfth, while an undesirable resistant plant is a biotype that is resistant to at least one factor selected from the groups consisting of: acetolactate synthase (ALS) or acid acetohydroxysynthetase (AHAS) inhibitors, photosystem II inhibitors, acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitors. acetyl CoA

ACCase (carboxylase inhibitors), synthetic auxins

80 auxin transport inhibitors, I-enol pyrrophyl shikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthetase inhibitor, microtubule assembly inhibitors, fatty acid and lipid synthesis inhibitors, protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors (PPO). oxidase inhibitors, inhibitors of carotenoid biosynthesis

85 biosynthesis inhibitors, very long chain fatty acid inhibitors (VLCFA), phytoene desaturase inhibitors (PDS) inhibitors, glutamine synthetase inhibitors, 4-hydroxyphenyl-pyruvate inhibitors -pyruvate HPPD (dio xygenase inhibitors), mitosis inhibitors,

20 Cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors, pesticides with multiple modes of action, quinclorac, arylaminopropionic acids, difenzoquat, endothall, or organoarsenicals.

The model includes fourteen methods for controlling unwanted vegetation, including the step of applying a herbicidally significant amount of at least one mixture according to the third model, while the amount of the mixture

25 It shall be at a rate expressed in units of gai/ha or gae/ha of halosulfuron methyl selected from the group with ratios consisting of approximately: 8, 2, 4.38, 8.75, 87.5, 35 and 70, or within any defined range between any pair From the values mentioned above.

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The fifteenth model includes methods according to any of the thirteen and fourteen models, while the control plant is at least one plant selected from the group consisting of: LEFCH, DIGSA, BRAPP, ECHCG, SCPMA, ECHOR, and CYPRO. Still other models include control plants from the group. Components: Leptochloa, Bolboschoenus, Digitaria, Brachiaria, Urochloa

Cyperus, Echinochloa 5

The sixteenth model includes methods for controlling unwanted plants, including the step of applying a herbicidally significant amount of at least one mixture according to the four models, while the average amount of the mixture applied, expressed as g ai/ha or g ae/ha of pyrazosulfuron ethyl. ethyl selected from the set of rates and ratios consisting of: 5, 7.5, 80, 85, 87.5, 85, 80 30, 35, 60, 60, and 820, or within any defined range between any pair of values mentioned above.

The seventeenth model includes methods according to the fourteenth model and the sixteenth model, while the control plant is at least one plant selected from the group consisting of: ECHCG, CYPDI, BRAPP, DIGSA, SCPMA, ECHOR and LEFCH. Other models include control plants from The group consisting of: Echinochloa, Digitaria, Brachiaria, and Cyperus

Leptochloa and Bolboschoenus 85

Embodiment Eighteen includes undesirable control plant methods including the step of applying a herbicidally significant amount of at least one mixture according to Embodiment Five while the amount of the mixture is applied at a rate, expressed in g ai/ha or g ae/ha of esprocarb selected from the set of component rates. From approximately: 52.5, 805, and 280, or any known range between any pair of values mentioned 20 above.

The nineteenth embodiment includes methods according to any of the fifteenth and eighteenth embodiments. While the control plant is at least one plant selected from the group consisting of: FIMMI, SCPJU, CYPIR, ECHCO, BRAPP, and CYPRO, still other embodiments include control plants from The group consisting of: Cyperus, Echinochloa, Brachiaria, Urochloa 25 Schoenoplectus, and Fimbristylis.

The twentieth embodiment includes compounds according to the first or second embodiments, while (a) is the compound of formula (I) or an agriculturally acceptable benzyl ester, and (b) is halosamfuro-methyl.

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The twenty-first embodiment includes compounds according to the first or second embodiments, while (a) is a compound of formula (I) or an agriculturally acceptable benzyl ester and (b) is a biarzosulfuric-ethyl.

The twenty-second embodiment includes compounds according to the first or second embodiments, while (a) is a compound of formula (I) or an agriculturally acceptable benzyl ester and (b) is esprocarb.

5 The twenty-third model includes compounds according to any of the first models through the twenty-sixth through the twenty-second, while the compound is supported according to the Colby equation.

The twenty-fourth embodiment includes methods according to any of the seventh through nineteenth embodiments, while the unwanted plant is immature.

The twenty-fifth embodiment includes methods according to any of the seventh embodiments through the nineteenth, while 80 (a) and (b) are applied to water.

Provided here are herbicidal compounds including a herbicidal significant amount of (A) compound of formula (I)

<img file="SA4095B1_D0002.tif" />

85 Or an agriculturally acceptable salt or an ester thereof, and (b) halosulfuron methyl, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, or esprocarb. The compound may also contain an agriculturally acceptable cofactor or carrier.

There are also methods for controlling the unwanted plant including the application of (a) formula I compound or an agriculturally acceptable ester or salt thereof and (b) halosulfur-methyl, p-arzosulfur-ethyl or esprocarb or an agriculturally acceptable ester or salt thereof.

Detailed description:

20 As used herein, the compound of formula (I) has the following structure:

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<img file="SA4095B1_D0003.tif" />

80

85

20

The compound of formula (I) can be identified by the name 4-amino-3-chouro-6-(4-chouro-2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl(-5-phomuropyridine-2-carboxymic acid-4)-6-4- amino-3-chloro

and chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxyphenyl)-5-fluoropyridine-2-carboxylic acid US Patent 7,314,849 (B2), which is incorporated herein by reference in its

entirety. Typical uses for Formula I include undesirable control plants, including grasses and broadleaf sedges, in crop cropping and non-cropping situations.

As used here, sulfonylureas have been used to control nuisance broadleaf, sedge and grass weeds.

Halosmyfuro-methyl and p-arzosmyfuro-ethyl belong to the group of compounds referred to as symphonyl ureases. Without being linked to any theory, symphonyl erase is thought to inhibit acetolactate synthase (ALS), an enzyme common in plants and microorganisms but not found in animals.

Esprocarb belongs to the group of compounds referred to as VLCFA (very long chain fatty acid).

lipid synthesis inhibiting and pesticides that inhibit the synthesis of lipids (very-long-chain fatty acid).

herbicides. Without being limited to any theory, this group of compounds is thought to inhibit very long chain fatty acid (VLCFA, fatty acids, for example, &lt;C18) and fat synthesis.

As used herein, halosulfur-methyl is methyl-3-chomuro-5-]][](4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyl(amino[carbonyl[amino[symphonyl]-8-methyl-1H-pyrrole) -4-methyl carboxylate

3-chloro-5-[[[[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-

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pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-

carboxylate and pay the following composition:

<img file="SA4095B1_D0004.tif" />

Tomlin, C., ed. A World Compendium The Pesticide Manual. 15^th ed. The compound is mentioned in

“The Pesticide Manual, Fifteenth” (Alton: BCPC Publications, 2009 5

Typical uses of Allelosulfur include its use to control annual/perennial weeds and sedges, for example on corn, cane sugar, rice, sorghum, hazelnuts and the upper part of the spectrum.

As used herein, pyrophosphonate-ethyl is ethyl 5-]]])6,4-dimethoxy-2-

80 Pyrimidinyl(amino[carbonyl[amino[symphonyl]-8-methyl-1H-pyrrazole-4-carboxylate)

pyrazosulfuron-ethylis ethyl 5-[[[[(4,6-dimethoxy-2-

pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-

carboxylate and the following structure is shown:

<img file="SA4095B1_D0005.tif" />

85 Typical uses. The Pesticide Manual, Fifteenth Edition, 2009. The compound is mentioned in

Barzo sulfur includes its use to control annual weeds and annual/semi-annual sedges, for example in wet rice crops.

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As used herein, esprocarb is S-(phenylmethyl)-8,2(-N-dimethylpropyl)-N-

S-(phenylmethyl)N-(1,2-dimethylpropyl)-N-ethyl carboamothioate

ethylcarbamothioate and the following structure is shown:

<img file="SA4095B1_D0006.tif" />

5

Typical uses. The compound is mentioned in The Pesticide Manual, Fifteenth Edition, 2009.

Esprocarb includes its use for pre-emergence and post-emergence control of annual weeds and Echinochloa spp., for example, in rice fields.

As used here, herbicide means a compound, for example, a compound effective for killing, controlling, or otherwise modifying the growth of plants.

As used here, an effective amount for eliminating weeds or controlling vegetative growth is an effective amount of a component that can reverse vegetative growth, for example, to represent growth that deviates from normal development, or to kill or modify that causes inhibition, such as retardation, etc.

As used here, controlling unwanted vegetative growth means preventing, reducing, killing or otherwise adversely affecting 85 the development and vegetative growth of plants. Methods for controlling unwanted vegetative growth through the application of herbicide combinations or combinations are described here. Methods of use include, but are not limited to, use on the vegetative growth or its location, for example, use in the area adjacent to the vegetative growth, in addition to use before emergence and after emergence on leaves (spreading, direct, fascicular, spot, automatic, on top, or for salvage) and use in water (submerged and submerged). Greens Water-injected, granular broadcast, granular spot, shaker bottle, or stream spray (by hand, on the back, by machine, or by hand). Or aerial (airplane or helicopter) or in other ways.

As used here, plant and vegetative growth includes, but is not limited to, germinant seeds, emerging seedlings, and plants that spread from tubers.

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immature vegetation and mature vegetative growth established

.vegetation

As used here, agriculturally acceptable salts and esters refer to salts and esters that exert anti-weed activity and can be converted in plants, water, or soil into herbicides. It includes a sin

5 Agriculturally acceptable esters that can be tolerated, oxidized, metabolized, or otherwise transformed

This is, for example, in plants, in water, or in soil, the corresponding carboxylic acid, which may dissolve or bind depending on the pH.

Examples include salts derived from alkali and alkaline earth minerals, and those derived from ammonia and amines. Examples of cations include 80 sodium, potassium, magnesium, and aminium, with the formula:

R¹R²R³R⁴N⁺

85 Where in R³ ,R² ,R¹ And R⁴Each of them independently represents hydrogen or C12-C1 alkyl C12-C3, alkyl alkenyl or C12-C3 alkynyl, and each is substituted by one or more hydroxy groups C4-C1, hydroxy alkyl C4-C1, alkoxy alkylthio or phenyl. , provided that R³ ,R² ,R¹ And R⁴Strongly compatible. Additionally, any two of the R's³ ,R² ,R¹ And R⁴ Together they can represent an aliphatic difunctional moiety

20 moiety includes 8-82 carbon atoms and up to two oxygen or sulfur. Salts can be prepared by treating metal hydroxide, such as sodium hydroxide, with an amine such as ammonia, trimethylamine, diethanolamine ethanolamine- 2-methylthiopropylamine, 2-bisallylamine, bisallylamine-butoxyethylamine

25 2-butoxyethylamine, morpholine, cyclododecylamine, or benzylamine or with tetraalkylammonium hydroxide

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tetraalkylammonium hydroxide, such as tetramethylammonium hydroxide or choline hydroxide.

Examples include esters that are derived from C12-C1 alkyl, C12-C3 alkynyl, C12-C3 alkynyl or C10-C7 aryl-alkyl alcohols substituted alkyl alcohols, such as methyl adapters.

5 methyl alcohol, 8-isopropyl alcohol, 2-butanol, 1-butanol, 2-ethylhexanol, butoxyethanol, methoxypropanol, allyl alcohol, propargyl alcohol, hexanol cyclohexanol or benzyl alcohols Unsubstituted or substituted. Benzyl alcohols can be substituted with a set of 3-8 substituted options.

80 Independent of C4-C1 halogen, alkyl halogen C₁-C₄ alkyl or C4-C1 alkoxy C₁-C₄

alkoxy. Esters can be prepared by coupling acids with alcohols using any number of suitable activating agents, such as those used for peptide coupling, such as dihexyl hexylcarbodiimide (DCC) or dicyclohexylcarbodiimide.

Imidazole (CDI(carbonyl diimidazole)); by reacting acids with an alkylating agent

In alkylsulfonates or alkylhalide alkylhalides such as alkylating agent 85

The presence of a base such as triethylamine or lithium carbonate; or by reacting the corresponding acid chloride with a suitable alcohol; By reacting the corresponding acids with a suitable alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst or by transesterification.

20

Provided here is a herbicide formulation containing an effective weedicidal amount of (a) formula compound (I).

<img file="SA4095B1_D0007.tif" />

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or an agriculturally acceptable salt or ester thereof, and (b) halosulfuron - methyl, pyrazosulfuron - ethyl esprocarb or an agriculturally acceptable salt or ester thereof, carboxymic acid, its carboxylate salt. Here also provides a method for controlling unwanted vegetative growth that includes touching the vegetative growth. Or a patch of it, such as an area adjacent to damaged plants, or used on the soil or water to prevent the appearance or growth.

5 An effective weedicidal amount of (a) the compound of formula (I) and (b) halosulfuron-methyl, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl esprocarb or an agriculturally acceptable salt or ester, carboxyamic acid, or carboxylate salt thereof. In certain embodiments, the methods use the compositions described herein.

Furthermore, in some embodiments, the combination of compound (I), an agriculturally acceptable salt or ester thereof, and halosulfuron-methyl, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl esprocarb, or an agriculturally acceptable salt or ester thereof,

80 Carboxymic acid, carboxylate salt, or acceptable salt or ester thereof.

Agronomically, synergy appears; for example, the active ingredient of the herbicide is more effective in combination than when

The Herbicide Handbook of the Weed Science Society of America, Ninth. Used alone. Point out that synergism is defined as the interaction of two or more factors such that Edition, 2007, p. 429

This effect, when combined, is greater than the expected effect based on the response of each factor

85 Use alone. In certain embodiments, the combinations exhibit synergy as defined by the Colby equation.

antagonistic response of herbicide and Calculation of the synergistic.8967.RS .22-20:85Weeds .combinations

In certain embodiments, one of the compositions and methods described herein is a compound of formula (I), that is, a carboxylic acid is used. In certain embodiments, a carboxylate salt of the compound of formula (I) is used.

20 Certain embodiments use aralkyl or alkyl ester. In certain embodiments benzyl and substituted benzyl or 4-C1 alkyl are used, for example, n-butyl. In certain embodiments benzyl ester is used.

In some embodiments, the compound of formula (I) or an agriculturally acceptable salt or ester of it, halosulfuron-methyl, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl esprocarb or a derivative thereof, or an agriculturally acceptable salt or ester of it.

25 Agricultural products formulated in a composition that is mixed in a potter, used by mixing, or used sequentially.

Herbicidal activity is exerted by compounds when they are used directly on the plant or on part of it in its growth stage. The effect is observed depending on the type of plant, its growth stage, and usage parameters, including dilution, spray drop size, and particle size. Components

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The solid and environmental conditions at the time of use, the specific compound used, the specific additives, the carriers used, the type of soil, etc. In addition to the chemicals used and their quantity. All factors can be adjusted to enhance selective or non-selective herbicide function. In some embodiments, the compositions described herein are used post-emergence, used pre-emergence, or used in water.

5 Used to immerse rice or in water storage (e.g., ponds, large lakes and streams), the relatively immature vegetative growth is not desired for maximum weed control.

In some embodiments, the compositions and methods provided herein are used to control weeds in crops including, but not limited to, direct seeding, hydroseed and rice.

80 Cultivated grains, wheat, barley, oats, rye, sorghum, corn or maize, sugarcane, sunflower, oilseeds, canola, sugar beet, soybeans, pick, pineapple, pastures, grasslands and pastures, fallowland, Grass, trees and shrubs, aquatic plants, crop plants, vegetables, artificial vegetative control (IVM) and road control (ROW).

In certain embodiments, the compositions and methods provided herein are used to control rice weeds. In certain FF 85 models, rice can be directly seeded, hydroseeded, or transplanted rice.

The formulations and methods provided here can be used to control unwanted vegetative growth in glyphosate resistant - 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSP) synthase inhibitor - tolerant, glufosinate - resistant. Resistance to glutamine synthetase 20 inhibitor-tolerant, resistance to dicamba, resistance to phenoxy auxin tolerant, resistance to pyridyloxy auxin-tolerant, resistance to auxin-tolerant, resistance to a transporter inhibitor. auxin transport inhibitor-tolerant, aryloxyphenoxypropionate-tolerant, cyclohexanedione-tolerant, phenylpyrzoline resistance

25 phenylpyrazoline-tolerant, resistance to acetyl CoA carboxylase inhibitor-tolerant, imidazolinone tolerant resistance, sulfonylurea-tolerant resistance, pyrimidinylthiobenzoate-tolerant resistance, triple resistance Azolo pyrimidif-simphonamide

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Triazolopyrimidine-sulfonamide tolerant, resistance to sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone-tolerant, resistance to acetolactate synthase inhibitor (ALS) or resistance to acetohydroxy acid synthase inhibitor-tolerant (AHAS). 45-Hydroxyphenyl-pyruvate dioxygenase 4 inhibitor -hydroxyphenyl-pyruvate

HPPD (dioxygenase inhibitor -tolerant-,(, phytoene inhibitor resistance

Desaturase, the resistance of Carotenoid Biosynthesis inhibitor -Tallrant, the resistance of the oxidase inhibitors of protopoorphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor -Tallrant (PPO), the resistance of the vital manufacture Ynthesis inhibitor-Tallrant, Mitosis inhibitor-Tallrant inhibitors, Microtubule inhibitors inhibitor-tolerant, very long chain fatty acid inhibitor tolerant, inhibitor-tolerant Fatty acids and oils, resistance to photosynthesis inhibitors I, photosystem I inhibitor-tolerant I, resistance to photosynthesis inhibitors II, resistance to T-rezif.

85 triazine-tolerant, and bromoxynil-tolerant resistance (such as, but not limited to, soybean, cotton, rice, oilseed rape/canola, cereals, corn, sorghum, sunflower, sugar beet, sugarcane, turf, etc.), for example in glyphosate resistance, EPSP inhibitor resistance

Synthase resistance, glufosinate resistance, amino synthase inhibitor resistance, dicamba resistance, phenoxyauxin resistance, pyridoxyl auxin resistance, synthetic auxin resistance, oxin transporter 20 inhibitor resistance, arimoxyphenoxypropionate resistance, hexanediionine resistance, phenylpyrzoline resistance, ACCase inhibitor resistance, E Midazolinov, resistors Symphonylurea, pyrimidinyl thiobenzoate resistance, triazolopyrimidine resistance, symphonylaminocarbonyl triazolenin resistance, ALS or AHAS inhibitor resistance, HPPD inhibitor resistance, phytoene inhibitor resistance

desaturase, carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor resistance, PPO inhibitor resistance, inhibitor resistance

25 Musimose biosynthesis, resistance to mitotic inhibitors, resistance to microtubiol inhibitors, resistance to Toxa sesame fatty acid inhibitors, resistance to fatty acids and lipids inhibitors, resistance to photosynthesis inhibitors I, resistance to photosynthesis inhibitors II, resistance to terizine, and bromoxynil resistance. Formulations and methods can be used to control unwanted vegetative growth in crops with multiple resistance traits to different chemicals and/or methods.

30 Multiple actions of inhibitors. In some embodiments, a compound of formula (I) or a salt or ester is a growth and pesticide

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A herb supplement, salt or ester growth used in combination with a selective herbicide for treated crops that supplements the spectrum of the herbicide being controlled with these compounds at the rate of application used. In some embodiments, the compositions described herein and other complementary herbicides are used concomitantly, either in combination formulations, mixed in a container or sequentially.

5 Formulations and methods can be used to control unwanted vegetative growth in crops that possess environmental resistance traits (including but not limited to drought, cold, heat, moisture, water, nutrients, fertilizers, and pH) and pest resistance (including but not limited to insects, fungi, and pathogens). (Crop improvement recipes) including but not limited to protein and carbohydrate output or oil content.

80 Content, protein, carbohydrate, or plant in the composition of the oil and the form of the plant.

The formulations and methods provided here are used to control unwanted vegetative growth. Unwanted vegetative growth includes, but is not limited to, undesirable vegetative growth that occurs in rice, cereals, wheat, barley, oats, rye, sorghum, corn or maize, sugar cane, sunflower, oilseeds, canola, sugar beets, Soybeans, cotton, pineapple,

85 Pastures, fallowland, and other crops (for example, corn, soybeans, cotton, canola)

Grass, trees and shrubs, aquatic plants, crop plants, vegetables, non-crop settings (e.g., roadbed, artificial vegetative control).

.)vegetation management

In some embodiments, the methods provided herein are used to control unwanted vegetative growth in

20 Rice. In certain models, undesirable vegetative growth results in Brachiaria platyph ylla.

Nash).Groseb(or broadleaf signalgrass(Webster .D.R)Nash(Urochloa platyphylla, Echinochloa,)DIGSA, large crabgrass(. Scop).L(Digitaria sanguinalis,)BRAPP

(ECCHG, barnyardgrass(. Beauv. P).

25 Fritsch).Ard(Echinochloa oryzoides,)ECHCO,junglerice(LINK).L(colonum)

late (Vasinger)Vasinger(Echinochloa oryzicola), (ECHOR, early watergrass)

rice (.Pol- Koso)Stapf(Echinochloa ph yl lopogon,)ECHPH,watergrass creeping river (.Hitchc)Kunth(Echinochloa polystachya,)ECHPH,barnyardgrass

٤٠٩٥

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Leptochloa (ISCRU, saramollagrass). Ischaemum rugosum Salisb (ECHPO, grass).

Lam(Leptochloa fascicularis,)LEFCH,Chinese sprangletop(Nees).L(chinensis).

Amazon(.Hitchc).Presl(Leptochloa panicoides),LEFFA,bearded sprangletop(Gray

red(Oryza species), LEFPA, sprangletop and Panicum, ORYSS, weedy rice

5 Paspalum dilatatum, (PANDI, fall panicum(. Michx). L(dichotomiflorum)

Clayton .D. W).Lour(Rottboellia cochinchinensis,)PASDI,dallisgrass(.Poir).

smallflower (.Cyperus difformis L,)CYPSS(Cyperus species,)ROOEX,itchgrass( yellow (.Cyperus esculentus L), (MAPDU(.Cyperus dubius Rottb), (CYPDI), flatsedge Cyperus rotundus, (CYPIR, rice flatsedge).Cyperus iria L ,)CYPES,nutsedge

80 tidalmarsh (Clarke .BC/.Cyperus serotinus Rottb), (CyPRO, purple nutsedge(.L)

Vahl (L(Fimbrist yl is miliacea),)ELOSS(Eleocharis species),)CYPSE,flatsedge

(Schoenoplectus, (SCPSS) (Schoenoplectus species), FIMMI, globe fringerush

Palla).L(Bolboschoenus maritimus), Japanese bulrush(SCPJU, Roxb.juncoides) or

Schoenoplectus (SCPMA, sea clubrush) Lye. Schoenoplectus maritimus L.

<p dir="rtl">85 mucronatus L, (jointvetch), Aeschynomene species (SCPMU, ricefield bulrush).</p>

ALRPH, alligatorweed(. Griseb). Mart(Alternanthera philoxeroides), (AESSS),

Amaranthus species (ALSPA, common waterplantain(.aquatica L-Alisma plantago).

Ammannia coccinea Rottb (amaranths, AMASS), (pigweeds and redstem AMMCO).

(Commelina benghalensis L).

<p>Vahl/. Willd).SW(Heteranthera limosa), ECLAL, American false daisy(Hassk 20).</p>

roundleaf mudplantain(.&amp; P.Heteranthera reniformis R(HETLI, ducksalad))

L(Ipomoea hederacea,)IPOSS,morningglories(Ipomoea species,)HETRE).

low false (Pennell).L(Lindernia dubia),)IPOHE,iv yl eaf morningglory(.Jacq

Ludwigia linifolia, (LUDSS(Ludwigia species), LIDDU, pimpernel)

Raven).Jacq(Ludwigia octovalvis, LUDLI, willow-southeastern primrose(Poir 25).

Monochoria korsakowii Regel &amp; Maack (LUDOC, willow-longfruited primrose)

, Presl ex Kuhth. C). F.Burm (Monochoria vaginalis), (MOOKA, monochoria)

(MUDNU, doveweed (Brennan). L(Murdannia nudiflora), (MOOVA, monochoria)

Polygonum (POLPY, penns and vania smartweed). Polygonum pens and vanicum L.

POLHP(.Polygonum hydropiperoides Michx),(POLPE),ladysthumb(.persicaria L 30

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,)ROTIN, Indian toothcup (Kohne).Wild (Rotala indica),)mild smartweed

Ex Hill .Rydb/ Cory).Raf(Sesbania exaltata, (SAGSS, arrowhead), Sagittaria species)

(SEBEX, hemp sesbania), or SPDZE, gooseweed (Sphenoclea ze yl anica Gaertn).

In some embodiments, the methods provided herein are used to control unwanted vegetation in cereals. In certain models, unwanted vegetative growth may be caused by:

(L(venti - Apera spica), (ALOMY, blackgrass(. lopecurus myosuroides Huds Bromus tectorum), (AVEFA, wild oat(. Avena fatua L), (APESV, windgrass). Beauv).

(LOLMU, Italian ryegrass(. Lolium multiflorum Lam, (BROTE, downy brome(. Roemer &amp; J).Poir(Setaria pumila,)POANN 80

redroot (Amaranthus retroflexus L,) SETVI, green foxtail (. Beauv). L(Setaria viridis common (Chenopodium album L,) BRSSS(Brassica species), pigweed, AMARE

,)CIRAR,Canada thistle(.Scop).L(Cirsium arvense),)CHEAL,lambsquarters

L(Kochia scoparia,)GALAP,catchweed bedstraw(.Galium aparine L).

(LAMPU,purple deadnettle(.Lamium purpureum L),(KCHSC,kochia(.Schrad 85).

Less(Matricaria matricarioides, (MATCH, wild chamomile).Matricaria recutita L).

(Porter) pineapple (PAPRH, common poppy). Papaver rhoeas L (MATMT, weed), wild buck (Polygonum convolvulus L). Wheat, Russian (Salsola tragus L).

,wild mustard(.Sinapis arvensis L,)SINSS(Sinapis species),SASKR,thistle

Veronica persica (STEME, common chickweed(. Vill). L(Stellaria media), SINAR 20

VIOAR, field violet(.Viola arvensis Murr), (VERPE, Persian speedwell(.Poir), or

.)VIOTR,wild violet(.Viola tricolor L

In some embodiments, the methods provided herein are used to control unwanted vegetative growth in an area or plot of land, IVM, fallowland and ROW. In certain embodiments, non-vegetative growth

25 Marghab Yakov and Cassia (AMBEL, common ragweed). mbrosia artemisiifolia L.

spotted (.non Lam.Centaurea maculosa auct,)CASOB,sickle pod(obtusifolia,)CIRAR,Canada thistle(.Scop).L(Cirsium arvense,)CENMA,knapweed

wild carrot(.Daucus carota L,)CONAR, field bindweed(.Convolvulus arvensis L Lactuca serriola,)EPHES, leafy spurge(.Euphorbia esula L,)DAUCA

٤٠٩٥

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Buckhorn plantain(.Plantago lanceolata L,)LACSE,prickly yl ettuce(.Torn/.L prickly (.Sida spinosa L),RUMOB,broadleaf dock(.Rumex obtusifolius L),PLALA.

Sinap (SIDSP), Sonchus arvensis, wild mustard (SINAR).rvensis L.

(SOOSS, goldenrod (Solidago species), (SONAR, perennial sowthistle). L

Trifolium repens, (TAROF, dandelion) Weber ex Wiggers.H.Taraxacum officinale G 5

TRFRE, white clover(.L), or URTDI, common nettle(.Urtica dioica L().

In some embodiments, the methods provided herein are used to control unwanted vegetation in row crops, trees, shrubs, and perennial crops. In certain models, unwanted vegetative growth is lopecurus

80 AVEFA, wild oat(Avena fatua L, ALOMY, blackgrass(.myosuroides Huds), Brachiaria decumbens Stapf. or Surinam (Webster .D. R)Stapf(Urochloa decumbens Stapf). Rich. ex A.Hochst(Brachiaria brizantha, )BRADC, grass or Urochloa

Brachiaria platyph yl la,)BRABR,beard grass(.D.R). Rich. ex A.Hochst(brizantha Nash).Groseb(or broadleaf signalgrass(Webster.D.R)Nash(Urochloa platyph yl la

85 Hitchc)Link(Brachiaria plantaginea,)BRAPP. or .D. R)Link(Urochloa plantaginea southern sandbur(. Cenchrus echinatus L,)BRAPL, alexandergrass(Webster,

Digitaria, (DIGHO, Jamaican crabgrass). Digitaria horizontalis Willd (CENEC).

L(Digitaria sanguinalis), TRCIN, sourgrass(Mez ex Ekman).L(insularis).

. P).L(galli -Echinochloa crus,)DIGSA,large crabgrass(.Scop

20 Junglerice(Link).L(Echinochloa colonum), ECHCG, barnyardgrass(.Beauv

Lolium multiflorum, (ELEIN, goosegrass(. Gaertn). L(Eleusine indica,)ECHCO

fall panicum(.Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx),(LOLMU,Italian ryegrass(.Lam)

Setaria faberi, (PANMI, proso millet-wild(Panicum miliaceum L.), PANDI)

(SETVI, green foxtail(. Beauv). L(Setaria viridis), (SETFA, giant foxtail(. Herrm).

25 Moench).L(Sorghum bicolor,)SORHA,Johnsongrass(. Pers).L(Sorghum halepense).

yellow nutsedge(Cyperus esculentus

pigweeds(Amaranthus species), (ABUTH, velvetleaf(Medik and AMASS, amaranths),

Ambrosia psilostachya (AMBEL, common ragweed). Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.

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-٢٣-

AMBTR, giant ragweed(.Ambrosia trifida L), (AMBPS, western ragweed(.DC),

common (.Asclepias syriaca L,)ANVCR,spurred anoda(.Schlecht).L(Anoda cristata)

Borreria species (BIDPI, hairy beggarticks(Bidens pilosa L), milkweed, ASCSY).

DC).Aubl(Borreria alata, BOISS). Or broadleaf (Spermacoce alata Aubl).

5 BOILF, broadleaved button weed (Spermacose latifolia), BOILF, buttonweed

L(Cirsium arvense,)CHEAL, common lambsquarters(.Chenopodium album L.(

Tropical spiderwort(.Commelina benghalensis L.),(CIRAR,Canada thistle(.Scop).

wild (Daucus carota L., DATST, jimsonweed(.Datura stramonium L., COMBE Euphorbia L., EPHHL, wild poinsettia(. Euphorbia heteroph yl la L., DAUCA, carrot 80 hirta L.) or Euphorbia dentata, EPHHI, garden spurge(. Millsp).L(Chamaesyce hirta

Erigeron bonariensis L, (EPHDE, toothed spurge(.Michx.) or L(Conyza bonariensis.(Erigeron canadensis L), hairy fleabane(.Cronq.)ERIBO. Or L(Conyza canadensis tall (Walker. H.E).Retz). (Conyza sumatrensis, ERICA, Canadian fleabane).Cronq

common(Helianthus annuus L, ERIFL, fleabane sunflower, HELAN),

Ipomoea (IAQTA, smallflower morningglory(. Griseb). L(Jacquemontia tamnifolia 85

white (.Ipomoea lacunosa

pusley (Richardia species), (POROL, common purslane).Portulaca oleracea L.

Sinapis (SIDSP, prickly sida(.Sida spinosa L), SIDSS, sida(Sida species), RCHSS eastern black (Solanum ptychanthum Dunal), (SINAR, wild mustard(.arvensis L) 20

TRQPR, coat buttons(Tridax procumbens L, SOLPT, nightshade), or Xanthium.

.)XANST, common cocklebur(. strumarium L

In some embodiments, the methods provided herein are used to control unwanted vegetation on turf. In certain models, unwanted vegetative growth is called Bellis perennis

Cyperus esculentus (L), (Cyperus esculentus, (L), yellow nutsedge (CYPES), (English daisy). (L 25).

(DIGSA, large crabgrass(. Scop).

Hydrocot yl e umbellata (GLEHE, ground ivy). Glechoma hederacea L (EPHSS).

Lamium, (K yl SS, k yl linga(K yl linga species), (HYDUM, dollarweed(.L)

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L (Murdannia nudiflora), doveweed (Brennan), (LAMAM), henbit (.amplexicaule L).

broadleaf (Plantago major L,) OXASS, woodsorrel (Oxalis species), MUDNU

(PLALA, narrowleaf plantain/buckhorn(.Plantago lanceolata L.,)PLAMA, plantain broadleaf (.Rumex obtusifolius L.,)P yl TE, chamberbitter(.Phyl lanthus urinaria L. Stellaria, (STAFL, Florida betony(.Stachys floridana Shuttlew). ,)RUMOB, dock 5

Weber ex .H.Taraxacum officinale G,STEME,common chickweed(.Vill).L(media

TRFRE, white clover(Trifolium repens L, TAROF, dandelion(Wiggers), or Viola).

VIOSS, wild violet(species.)

In some embodiments, the compositions and methods provided herein are used to control unwanted vegetative growth in grasses and broadleaf weeds. In certain embodiments, the compositions and methods provided herein are used as control of unwanted weeds including, but not limited to, Brachiaria or

Urochloa, Cyperus, Digitaria, Echinochloa, Fimbristylis, Ipomoea, Leptochloa

.Schoenoplectus

Formula I compound or an agriculturally acceptable salt or ester from which can be used to control weeds that are resistant or tolerant to herbicides 85. Methods include using a combination of the Formula I compound or salt

Agronomically acceptable or esterified, the formulation described herein may be used to control weeds that are resistant or tolerant to herbicides. Examples include weeds that are resistant or tolerant to, but are not limited to, biotype-resistant or resistant to acetolactate synthase (ALS) or acid acetohydroxysynthase (AHAS) inhibitors. Example: imidazolinones, 20 sulfonylureas, pyrimidinylthiobenzoates, triazolopyrimidine, symphonyl amino carbonyl triazolinones. sulfonylaminocarbonyltriazolinone, inhibitors of photosynthesis II (e.g., phenylcarbamates, pyridazinones, triazines, triazinones, uracils, amides, ureas, benzothiazinones

25 benzothiadiazinones, nitriles, phenylpyridazines, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitors (e.g., aryl oxyphenoxypropionate

aryloxyphenoxypropionates, cyclohexanediones, phenylpyrazolines, synthetic auxins (e.g., benzoic acid, phenoxycarboxylic acid, pyridine carboxylic acid)

٤٠٩٥

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pyridine carboxylic acid, quinoline carboxylic acid, auxin transport inhibitor (e.g., phthalamates, semicarbazones), photosynthesis inhibitors (e.g., bipyridyliums), 5-enolpyruvate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase inhibitors (e.g., glyphosate), glutamate synthase inhibitor (e.g.,

5 bialafos, glufosinate), inhibitors of microtubule assembly

inhibitors (e.g., benzamide, benzoic acid, dinitroaniline, phosphoramidate, pyridine), mitotic inhibitors (e.g., carbamates), VLCFA inhibitors (e.g., acetamide, chromium Chloroacetamide, oxyacetamide

80 oxyacetamide, tetrazolinone, fatty acid and fat synthesis inhibitors (e.g., phosphorodithioates, thiocarbamates, benzofuranes, chlorocarbonic acids), protoporphyrin oxidase inhibitor (PPO)s) (e.g., diphenyl ether ,diphenylethers - N-phenylphthalimides, oxadiazoles, oxazolidinediones

85 oxazolidinediones, phenylpyrazoles, pyrimidindiones,

Thiadiazoles, triazolinones, inhibitor of carotenoid biosynthesis (e.g., aclonifen, amitrole, clomazone), phytoene desaturase (PDS) inhibitors (e.g., furanones, anilidex, amides, phenoxybutan amides, pyridiazinones, pyridines (, 4-hydroxy inhibitors

20 Phenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) (e.g., callistemones, isoxazoles)

Triketones, pyrazoles, inhibitor of cisimose biosynthesis (e.g., nitriles, quinclorac, benzamides, triazolocarboxamides), multi-modality herbicides such as quinclorac, and unclassified herbicides such as aryl aminopropionic acid othall, difenzoquat, arylaminopropionic acids,

25 And organic leaves organoarsenicals. Examples of weeds include resistant or tolerant plants

Not limited to species resistant to multiple herbicides, species resistant to multiple chemical classes, species resistant to multiple herbicide resistance patterns, and a species with multiple resistance or mechanisms of tolerance (e.g., target site resistance or metabolic resistance). (.

٤٠٩٥

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In some embodiments, a combination of compound (I), an ester or an agriculturally acceptable salt or salt of the growth and halosulfuron-methyl, a pyrosulfuron-ethyl or esprocarb or an agriculturally acceptable salt or ester of the growth is used to control Nash (Griseb) Brachiaria platyphylla.

(broadleaf signalgrass, BRAPP), Cyperus iria L. (rice flatsedge, CYPIR), Cyperus 5 rotundus L. (purple nutsedge, CYPRO), Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. (large crabgrass, DIGSA), Echinochloa colona (L.) Link (junglerice, ECHCO), Echinochloa oryzoides (Ard.) Fritsch (early watergrass, ECHOR), Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. (barnyardgrass, ECHCG), Fimbristylis miliacea (L.) Vahl (globe fringerush, FIMMI), Ipomoea hederacea Jacq. (ivyleaf morningglory, IPOHE), Leptochloa chinensis (L.) 80

Nees (Chinese sprangletop, LEFCH), Schoenoplectus juncoides (Roxb.) Palla (Japanese)

Schoenoplectus maritimus (L.) Lye (sea clubrush, SCPMA) and bullrush, SCPJU).

In some embodiments, an agriculturally acceptable salt or ester of compound (I) is employed. In certain embodiments, the ester is a 4-C1 alkyl ester. In certain embodiments, the ester is n-butyl 85 ester. In certain embodiments, the ester is a benzyl ester. In certain embodiments, the compound is employed

(I), which forms a carboxylic acid.

In certain embodiments, an agriculturally acceptable ester or salt of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, or esprocarb is employed in methods or compounds described herein.

20 In certain embodiments of the methods and compounds described herein, the compound of formula (I) or a salt or ester thereof is used combined with halosamfuran-methyl, salt, ester, carboxymic acid, or a carboxylate salt thereof. Considering the compounds, in some embodiments, the weight ratio of the compound of formula (I) or its salt or ester of its growth to the yalosmofuro-methyl or salt, ester, carboxymic acid, or carboxylate salt of its growth is in the range from about 8:70 to about 284:8. In certain embodiments, the weight ratio of the compound of formula (I) or 25 salt or ester growing to halosmofuro-methyl or salt, ester, carboxymic acid, or carboxylate salt growing from it is in the range from 8:8 to about 20:8. In certain embodiments, the weight ratio of the compound of formula (I) or its salt or ester growing to halosamfuran-methyl or its salt, ester, carboxylic acid, or carboxylate salt growing from it is in the range from 5:8 to about 8:8. In certain embodiments, the rate by weight of a compound of formula (I), salt or ester, growing into halosulfur-methyl or salt, ester, acid

30 Carboxymethyl, or carboxylate salt, is in the range from 2.4:8 to about 8:3.7. In models

Specifically, the compound includes a compound of formula I and halosmofurof-methyl. In certain embodiments, it includes:

٤٠٩٥

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The compound is a compound of formula I and halosamfuran-methyl, while the weight ratio of the compound of formula I to halosamfuran-methyl is from about 8:8 to about 5:8. In certain embodiments, the compound includes a formula I compound and halosamfuran-methyl, while the weight ratio of the formula I compound to halosamfuran-methyl is from about 4:8 to about 8:2.4. In certain embodiments, the compound includes the benzyl ester 5 of formula I and halosamfuro-methyl. In certain embodiments, the compound includes the benzyl ester of the formula I compound and halosamfuran-methyl, while the weight ratio of the benzyl ester of the formula I compound to the halosamfuran-methyl is from about 4:8 to about 8:8. In certain embodiments, the compound includes the benzyl ester of the formula I compound and halosulfuron-methyl, while the weight ratio of the benzyl ester of the formula I compound to the halosulfuron-methyl is from about 2:880 to about 8:3.7. Considering the method, in certain embodiments, the method includes contacting or placing the unwanted plant or part thereof on soil or water to prevent the emergence or growth of the plant compound described herein. In some embodiments, the compound is applied at a rate of about 3.4 g active ingredient per hectare (g). ai/ha) to approximately 400 g ai/ha depending on the quantitative amount of active ingredients in the compound. In certain embodiments, the compound is applied at a rate from approximately 9 grams of active ingredient per hectare (g ai/ha) to approximately 85 g ai/ha Depending on the quantitative amount of active ingredients in the compound. In some embodiments, the method includes contacting the unwanted plant or a portion thereof or placing it on soil or water to prevent the emergence or growth of the compound of formula (I) or a salt or ester thereof and a halo-sulfur-methyl or salt, ester thereof, a carboxymic acid, or a carboxylate salt thereof. For example, successively or simultaneously. In some embodiments, the halosymphoro-methyl or its salt, its ester, carboxyamic acid, or its 20-carboxylate salt is applied at a rate from about 8.4 g ai/ha to about 840 g ai/ha and the compound of formula (I) or the salt or ester is applied. Growing at a rate from about 2 g ae/ha to about 300 g ae/ha. In some embodiments, the methyl methyl or salt, its ester, carboxylic acid, or its carboxylate salt is applied at a rate from about 4 g ai/ha to about 40 g ai/ha and the formula compound (I) or its salt or ester is applied. At a rate from about 4 g ae/ha to about 85 g ae/ha. In specific models,

25 The methods use the formula compound (I), benzyl methyl or n-butyl ester, and halo-symphoro-methyl. In one embodiments, the formula compound (I), benzyl methyl or n-butyl ester, is applied at a rate from about 4 to about 85 g ae/ha, and halo-symphoro-methyl is applied at a rate from about 4 to about 35 g ae/ha. In certain embodiments, methods and compositions have been used that utilize a compound of formula (I) or its salt or ester combined with halosamfuran-methyl or its salt, its ester, carboxyamic acid, or its salt.

٤٠٩٥

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Carboxylates not controlled by CYPRO, ECHCG, ECHOR, LEFCH, DIGSA, BRAPP or

,SCPMA

In specific embodiments of the compounds and methods used herein, the compound of formula (I), salt or ester combined with pyrazosulfuron-ethyl or salt, carboxymic acid, is used.

5 Carboxylate salt, or monoester. In some embodiments, the weight ratio of the formula I compound, its salt or ester, to the per-arzosulfur-ethyl salt, carboxylic acid, carboxylate salt, or ester, is in the range from about 8:60 to about 600:8. In certain embodiments, the weight ratio of the formula I compound, salt or ester grown to per-arzosulfur-ethyl or salt, carboxymic acid, carboxylate salt, or ester grown is in the range from about 8:27 to about

80 868:8. In certain embodiments, the ratio of the formula I, salt, or ester compound to the P-arzosemfyurophyl -

An ethyl or salt, a carboxymic acid, a carboxylate salt, or an ester consisting of a range from about 4:8 to about 8:28. In certain embodiments, the weight ratio of the formula I compound, salt or ester of its growth to per-arzosamfuran-ethyl salt, carboxylic acid, carboxylate salt, or ester of its growth is in the range from about 2:8 to about 8:84. Taking into account the methods, in specific models,

85 Methods include attaching or placing the unwanted plant or part thereof on soil or water to prevent the emergence or growth of the plant complex described herein. In some embodiments, the compound is applied at a rate from about 2.5 grams of active ingredient per hectare (g ai/ha) to about 420 g ai/ha depending on the quantitative amount of active ingredients in the compound. In certain embodiments, the compound is applied at a rate of about 5 grams Active ingredient per hectare (g ai/ha) to about 204 g ai/ha depending on the quantitative amount of ingredients

20 active in the compound. In some embodiments, the method includes contacting the unwanted plant or part thereof or placing it on soil or water to prevent the emergence or growth of the compound of formula (I) or its salt or ester and its birzosulfur-ethyl or salt, carboxyamic acid, carboxylate salt or ester thereof. Of it, for example, successively or simultaneously. In some embodiments, a pyrosulfur-ethyl or salt, carboxyamic acid, carboxylate salt, or ester is applied at a rate from about 0.5 g ai/ha to about

25 820 g ae/ha, and the formula compound (I), salt, or ester was added at a rate of about 2 g ae/ha to

About 300 g ae/ha. In some embodiments, a birzo-sulfur-ethyl salt, carboxylic acid, carboxylate salt, or ester is applied at a rate from about 2 g ai/ha to about 250 g ai/ha and the formula compound (I), salt or ester is applied. It grows at a rate from about 2 g acid equivalent per hectare (g ae/ha) to about 860 g ae/ha. In some embodiments, the arzosulfurose-

٤٠٩٥

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Ethyl or salt, carboxylic acid, carboxylate salt, or ester thereof at a rate from about 5 g ai/ha to about 820 g ai/ha, and the compound formula (I) or a salt or ester thereof was applied at a rate of about 4 g acid equivalent per hectare (ha). g ae/ha) to about 85 g ae/ha. In certain embodiments, the halo-symphoro-methyl is applied at a rate of from about 4 to about 35 g ae/ha. In certain embodiments, 5 methods use the formula compound (I) or benzyl from it. Or n-butyl ester and n-butyl ester

Simferov-ethyl. In one embodiment, the methods use the formula compound (I) and birzo-symphoro-ethyl, while the formula compound (I) is applied at a rate from about 4 g acid equivalent per hectare (g ae/ha) to about 85 g ae/ha, and To develop pyrazosulfuron-ethyl at a rate from about 5 g ai/ha to about 820 g ai/ha. In one model, the methods use the benzyl ester of formula 80 and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, while the Benzyl ester from

Formula compound (I) was applied at a rate of about 4 g acid equivalent per hectare (g ae/ha) to about 35 g ae/ha, and birzo-sulfur-ethyl was applied at a rate of about 5 g ae/ha to about 820 g ae/ha. In one embodiment, the methods use n-butyl ester of formula compound (I) and pyrzosymphoro-ethyl, while n-butyl ester of formula compound (I) is applied at a rate of about 88 g acid equivalent per hectare (g ae). /ha) to about 50 g ae /ha, and arzo simfiorov-ethyl ethyl

At a rate from about 7.5 g ai/ha to about 820 g ai/ha. In certain embodiments, methods and compounds using a compound of formula (I) or a salt or mono ester combined with a bi-arzosulfur-ethyl salt or salt, a carboxylic acid, or a carboxylate salt or mono ester, have been used to control BRAPP, DIGSA, CYPDI, ECHCG, SCPMA, ECHOR or LEFCH.

20 In certain embodiments of the compounds and methods described herein, the compound of formula (I) or a salt or ester thereof is used combined with esprocarb or a salt thereof. Considering that for compounds, in some embodiments, the weight ratio of formula (I) compound, salt or growth ester, to esprocarb or growth salt, is in the range from about 8:500 to about 6:8. In certain embodiments, the weight ratio of the formula compound (I) or its salt or ester growing to esprocarb or its growth salt is in the range from 8:48 to about 8:3. In specific models, rate

25 The compound of formula (I) or the ester of the esprocarb or the esprocarb or the ester of the esprocarb is divided into a range of about 8:3 to about 8:800. In certain embodiments, the weight ratio of the formula compound (I) or its salt or ester growing to esprocarb or its growth salt is in the range from 6:8 to about 48:8. In certain embodiments, the compounds herein comprise the compound of Formula (I) or a benzyl ester thereof and esprocarb. In one embodiment, the compound includes the compound of Formula (I) and esprocarb. In one embodiment, the compound includes the compound

٤٠٩٥

-٣٠-

Formula (I) and esprocarb, while the ratio of the compound of Formula I and esprocarb is about 8:6 to about 8:24. In one embodiment, the compound comprises the benzyl ester of the formula compound (I) and esprocarb, while the weight ratio of the benzyl ester of the compound formula (I) and esprocarb is from about 8:3 to about 8:48. Considering the method, in certain embodiments, the method includes Contacting an unwanted plant or part thereof or placing it on soil or water to prevent the emergence or growth of the plant complex described here. In some embodiments, the compound is applied at a rate from about 55 g active ingredient per hectare (g ai/ha) to about 8,300 g ai/ha depending on the quantitative amount of active ingredients in the compound. In certain embodiments, the compound is applied at a rate of about 57 g ai/ha Active ingredient per hectare (g ai/ha) to about 230 g ai/ha depending on the quantitative amount of active ingredients in the compound. In some embodiments, the methods 80 include contacting or placing on soil or water the unwanted plant or portion thereof to prevent the emergence or growth of the formula compound (I), a salt or ester thereof, and esprocarb or a salt thereof, for example, sequentially or simultaneously. In some embodiments, esprocarb or its growth salt is applied at a rate from about 53 g ae/ha to about 8,000 g ai/ha and formula compound (I) or its growth salt or ester is applied at a rate from about 2 g ae/ha to about 300 g ae. /ha. In some embodiments, esprocarb or a salt or ester thereof is applied at a rate from about 25 g ai/ha to about 450 g ai/ha and the formula compound (I) or a salt or ester thereof is applied at a rate of about 2 g acid equivalent per ha (g). ae/ha) to about 40 g ae/ha. In some embodiments, esprocarb or its salt is applied at a rate from about 50 g ai/ha to about 220 g ai/ha and the formula compound (I) or its salt or ester is applied to At a rate from about 4 g acid equivalent per hectare (g ae/ha) to about 20 g ae/ha. In specific embodiments, the methods 20 use the formula compound (I), a benzyl monomer or ester, and esprocarb. In one embodiment, the methods use the formula compound (I) and esprocarb, while the formula compound (I) is applied at a rate from about 4 to about 20 g ae/ha, and the esprocarb is applied at a rate from about 50 g ai/ha to about 280 g ai /ha. In one embodiment, the methods utilize the benzyl ester, the formula compound (I), and esprocarb, while the benzyl ester is formulated from the formula compound (I) at a rate from about 4 g acid to 25 g acid equivalents per hectare (g ae/ha) to about 80 g ae. /ha, and esprocarb was applied at a rate of about 50 g ai/ha to about 220 g ai/ha. In specific embodiments, methods and compounds using the formula compound (I) or its salt or ester combined with esprocarb or its growth salt have been used to control. CYPRO, SCPJU, CYPIR, ECHCO, BRAPP or FIMMI.

٤٠٩٥

-٣١-

The mixture components described here can be used either separately or as part of a multipart herbicidal system.

The mixture described here can be used in combination with one or more herbicides to control

Wide range of unwanted vegetative growth. When used in conjunction with herbicides

5 For others, the formulation may be formulated with other herbicides or herbicides, mixed in a vessel with other herbicides or herbicides, or used sequentially with other herbicides or herbicides. Some herbicides may be used with other herbicides or herbicides.

,2CPP; -4CPB; -4CPA; -4: The formulations and methods described herein include, but are not limited to:

4- D-4,2 D-4, choline salt esters and amines 2, amines,

,2TBA; -6,3,2DP; -4, 3DEP; -4,2DEB; -4,2DB; -4,3DA; -4,3DB; -4 80

, alachlor, acrolein, acifluorfen, aclonifen, TB; acetochlor-5,4,2T; -5,4

alloxydim, allidochlor, ametri, allyl alcohol, allorac, ametridione

, amidosulfuron, amicarbazone, amibuzin, ametryn, aminocyclopyrachlor

aminocyclopyrachlor, aminoamiprofos, aminopyralid-methyl

, asulam, anisuron, anilofos, ammonium sulfamate, amitrole, amiprofos-methyl 85, beflubutamid, BCPC, barban, aziprotryne, azimsulfuron, atrazine, azafenidi, atraton

bensulfuron, benfuresate, benfluralin, bencarbazone, benazolin-methyl

bentazon, benthiocarb, bensulide, bensulfuron-methyl-sodium-bentazon

,benzofenap,benzobicyclon,benzipram,benzfendizone,benzadox,sodium

, bifenox, bicyclopyrone, bialaphos, benzthiazuron, benzo yl prop, benzofluor 20

bispyribac, bilanafos-sodium, bromobonil, bromacil, borax, bispyribac-sodium, bromofenoxim, bromobutide, bromoxynil, butachlor, brompyrazon, bromoxynil

Butroxydim, butralin, buthiuron, buthidazole, butenachlor, butamifos, butafenacil

calcium, calcium chlorate, cafenstrole, cacodyl ic acid, butyl ate, buturon

Carboxazole, chlorprocarb, carbetamide, carbasulam, cambindichlor, cyanamide 25

carfentrazone-ethyl, CEPC, CDEA, chlomethoxyfen, chloramben chlomethoxyfen,

chloreturon, chlorbufam, chlorbromuron, chlorazine, chlorazifop, chloranocryl, chlorimuron, chloridazon, chlorflurenol, chlorflurazole, chlorfenprop, chlorfenac

chlornitrofen, chloropon pon, chlorotoluron toluron, chloropon pon, chlorotoluron toluron, chloropon pon

٤٠٩٥

-٣٢-

chloroxuron, chlorthal, chlorsulfuron, chlorpropham, chloroxynil

<p>-cloransulam, clopyralid, cloproxydim, cloprop, clomeprop, clomazone, clofop</p>

<p dir="rtl">5 Methyl credazine, CPPC, CPMF, copper sulfate, CMA, cloransulam-methyl,</p>

, cyclopyrimorate, cycloate, cyanazine, cyanatryn, cumyluron, cresol

, cyprazine, cyberquat, but yl-cyhalofop, cycluron, cycloxydim, cyclosulfamuron, desmedipham, delachlor, dazomet, dalapon, daimuron, cypromid, cyprazole, dichlorprop, dichlormate, dichloralurea, dichlobenil, dicamba, allate-di, desmetryn

<p dir="rtl">80 diclofop, P-dichlorprop-methyl diethat, diethamquat, diclosulam, diclofop-methyl</p>

dimefuron, diflufenzopyr, diflufenican, difenzoquat, difenoxuron, difenopenten, yl, P-dimethenamid, dimethenamid, dimethametryn, dimethachlor, dimepiperate

dinitr, dimidazon, dimexano amif dinosam, dinoprop, dinofenate, dinitramine,

,diuron,dithiopyr,disul,diquat,dipropetryn,diphenamid,dinoterb,dinoseb

erbon, EPTC, epronaz, endothal, eglinazine, EBEP, DSMA, DNOC, DMPA 85, ethiolate, ethidimuron, ethametsulfuron, ethbenzamide, ethalfluralin, esprocarb

ethofumesate, etobenzamid, ethobenzamid, ethoxyethoxyfen fen, ethoxysulfuron

fenoprop, fenasulam, EXD, etobenzanid, etnipromid, etinofen, ethoxysulfuron

P-fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop-ethyl P-fenoxaprop, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl-ethyl + 20 isoxadifen-ethyl, fenthiaprop, fenteracol, fenoxasulfone, isoxadifen-ethyl

M-flamprop, flamprop, ferrous sulfate, fenuron, fentrazamide

flufenacet, flufenican, flufenpyr-ethyl, flumetsulam, flumezin, flazasulfuron, but yl-P-fluazifop, fluazifop, florasulam, flumiclorac-pentyl, flumioxazin

Fluometuron, flumipropyn, fluchloralin, flucetosulfuron, flucarbazone, fluazolate

<h3 dir="rtl">25 Fumofluorodifen difen, Fumofluoroglycofen glycofen, Fumofluoromidine midine</h3>

<p dir="rtl">, flupropanate, flupropacil, flupoxam, fluothiuron, fluoronitrofen, nitrofen,</p>

,mept yl-fluroxypyr,fluroxypyr,flurochloridone,fluridone,flupyrsulfuron

fos, foramsulfuron, fomesafen, fluthiacet, flurtamone, fumiclorac, fosamine,

ammonium-P-glufosinate, ammonium-glufosinate, glufosinate, fur yl oxyfen

30 halauxifen, halauxifen, glyphosate-methyl, halosulfuron, halosafen-methyl,

٤٠٩٥

-٣٣-

haloxyfop, haloxydine-methyl, P-haloxyfop, haloxyfop-methyl- methyl-haloxyfop hexa, P-methylchorro, hexazinone, hexaflurate, hexachloroacetone acetone

,imazosulfuron,imazaquin,imazapyr,imazapic,imazamox,imazamethabenz

,iodosulfuron,iodomethane,iodobonil,indaziflam,indanofan,imazethapyr

5 iodosulfuron-ethyl sodium ioxynil, iofensulfuron, iodosulfuron-ethyl-sodium,

isopolinate, isonoruron, isomethiozin, isocil, isocarbamid, iprymidam, ipazine, isoxaflutole, isoxachlortole, isoxaben, isouron, isoproturon, isopropalin

MAMA, MAA, linuron, lenacil, lactofen, ketospiradox, carbutilate, isoxapyrifop

esters and thio-MCPA amines, MCPA-thioethyl amines,

Mesoprazine, mefluidide, mefenacet, medinoterb, P-mecoprop, mecoprop, MCPB 80

,metazachlor,metamitron,metamifop,metam,mesotrione,mesosulfuron

,methazole,methalpropalin,methabenzthiazuron,metflurazon,metazosulfuron

methoprotryne, methometon, methiuron, methiozolin, methiobencarb, methylbromide, methyl bromide, methylmethyl isothiocyanate, isothiocyanate, methyldymron

, metosulam, metolachlor, metobromuron, metobenzuron, methyldymron 85

metsulfuron, metsulfuron, metribuzin, metoxuron-methyl, metsulfuron-methyl, mono, monisouron, monalide, molinate, monochloroacetic acid, acetic acid

, naptalam , napropamide , naproanilide , MSMA , morphamquat , monoron , monolinuron , norflurazon , nitrofluorfen , nitrofen , nitralin , nipyraclofen , nicosulfuron , neburon

20 di-ortho, orbencarb, OCH, noruron, as-orbencarb, ortho

,oxasulfuron, oxapyrazon, oryzalin, orthosulfamuron, dichlorobenzene

paraflufen, oxaziclomefone-ethyl, paraquat, parafluron, paraflufen-ethyl,

penta, penoxsulam, pendimethalin, pelargonic acid, pebulate, cocophenol

,phenisopham,pethoxamid,perfluidone,pentanochlor,pentachlorophenol

25 phenmedipha,phenmediphammethyl,phenobenzuron,phenylmercury acetate

, piperophos, pinoxaden, picolinafen, picloram, phenylmercury acetate - primisulfuron, pretilachlor, potassium cyanate, potassium azide, potassium arsenite

Methyl prodi, procyazine, primisulfuron-methyl amine, profluazol, prodiamine,

prohexa, proglinazine, profoxydim, profluralin - prohexadione- calcium

Propaquizafop, propanil, propachlor, pronamide, prometryn, prometon, calcium, 30

٤٠٩٥

-٣٤-

propyrisulfuron, propoxycarbazone, propisochlor, propham, propazine

pydanon, prynachlor, proxan, prosulfuron, prosulfocarb, prosulfalin, propyzamide

pyrazog yl, pyrasulfotole, pyraclonil, pyraflufen-ethyl, pyrazolynate ynate,

pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, pyridafol, pyriclor, pyributicarb, pyribenzoxim, pyrazoxyfen 5, pyrithiobac, pyrimisulfan, pyriminobac, pyriftalid, pyridate- sodium -pyrithiobac

quinocl, quinmerac, quinclorac, pyroxsulam, pyroxasulfone, sodium amif

P-quizalofop,quizalofop,quinonamid,quinoclamine-ethylquizalofop-P-ethyl

,secbumeton,sebuthyl azine,metolachlor-S,rimsulfuron,rhodethanil,

Ethoxyethyl, SMA, simetryn, simeton, simazine, sideuron, sodium arsenite, sodium 80 arsenite, sodium azide, sodium chlorate, sulfosulfuron, sulfosate, sulfometuron, sulfentrazone, sulfallate, sulcotrione, acid

Sulfur, tebuthiuron, tebutam, TCA, 523-SYN, swep, sulglycapin, sulfuric acid

, terbuchlor, terbucarb, terbacil, tepraloxydim, tembotrione, tefur yl trione

thiazafluron, thenylchlor, tetrafluron, terbutryn, terbutyl azine, terbumeton

85 thiencarbazone, thidiazuron, thidiazimin, thiazopyr-methyl thiencarbazone-methyl thifensulfurn, thifensulfuron,-methyl thiobencarb, thifensulfurn-methyl,

tr, topramezone, tioclorim, tiocarbazil alkoxy-tri, triafamone, tralkoxydim dim

tribenuron, tribenuron, triaziflam, triasulfuron, methyl allate, tribenuron-methyl triclopyr, tricamba, triclopyr choline salt, triclopyr triclopyr 20 esters and salts, triflusulfuron, trifluralin, trifloxysulfuron, trietazine, tridiphane

trifopsime, trifop, trihydroxytriazine, trimeturon, trihydroxytriazine,

xylachlor, vernolate, tritac, tritosulfuron, tripropindan, and its salts, esters, optically active isomers and mixtures.

The compositions and methods described herein may be additionally used with glyphosate, enolpyruvate-3-phosphate (glufosinate) 525 synthase inhibitor (EPSP), glutamine synthase inhibitor, dicamba,

Phenoxyoxin, Pyridoxyl Oxin, Synthetic Oxin, Oxin Transport Inhibitor, Arimoxyphenoxypropionate, Hexanediodione, Phenylpyrzoline, Acetyl Acetyl Inhibitor

CoA carboxylases (ACCase), imidazolinones, symphonylureas, pyrimidinethiobenzoates, triazolopyrimidines, symphonyl aminocarbontriazolenoses, acetolactate synthase (ALS) or acid inhibitors.

٤٠٩٥

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AHAS, 4-hydroxyphenpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitor, phytoene desaturase inhibitor, carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor, protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor (PPO(s), MS biosynthesis inhibitor, mitotic mitosis inhibitor, microtubule inhibitor, toxyl fatty acid inhibitor, toxin inhibitor Fatty acids and fatty acids,

5 Photosynthesis inhibitors I, photosynthesis inhibitors II, terizine, and bromoxynitamine-glyphosate-resistant, EPSP synthase inhibitor resistance, glufosinate resistance, glutamine synthase inhibitor resistance, dicamba resistance, phenoxyauxin resistance, pyridoxyl auxin resistance, auxin resistance, auxin transport inhibitor resistance, arimoxyphenoxypropionate resistance, resistance Xav Diouf Hamaki, Vinimbi Arzolev resistors, ACCase resistors, imidazolinov resistors, resistors

80 Symphonylurea, pyrimidinethiobenzoate resistance, triazolopyrimidine resistance, symphonylaminocarbontriazolenoline resistance, ALS- or AHAS resistance, HPPD resistance, phytoene desaturase inhibitor resistance, carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor resistance, PPO resistance, cisimose biosynthesis inhibitor resistance, division inhibitor resistance Mitosis, microtubule inhibitor resistance, sesame seed fatty acid inhibitor resistance, acid inhibitor resistance

85 Oils and fats, resistance to photosynthesis inhibitors I, resistance to photosynthesis inhibitors II, photosystem II inhibitor-tolerant, resistance to arizin, resistance to bromoxynil-tolerant, resistant crops, and crops that possess multiple resistance traits in terms of resistance to chemicals or resistance to multiple working systems and mechanisms. In some embodiments the compound of Formula (I) or the growth salt or ester and the herbicide supplemented with the growth or salt or growth ester are used in

20 Combined with selective herbicides for treated crops and completes the weed control spectrum with compounds used in these proportions. In some embodiments the compositions described herein and other complementary herbicides are used concomitantly, either in combination formulations, as a potable mixture, or for sequential use.

In some embodiments the compositions described herein are used in combination with one or more herbicide safeners, such as benoxacor, benthiocarb, brassinolide (4660MON (67-AD),

, dimepiperate, dicyclonon, dichlormid, daimuron, cyometrinil, (mexyl(cloquintocet 25)

fenchlorazole, disulfoton-ethyl flurazole, fenclorim, fenchlorazole-ethyl, isoxadifen, harpin proteins, furilazole, fluxofenim-ethyl, isoxadifen-ethyl di-mefenpyr, jiecaoxi, jiecaowan ethyl mephenate, mefenpyr-diethyl, naphthalic anhydride 2984 8R, oxabetrinil (NA) naphthalic anhydride and N-phenyl symphonyl acid

٤٠٩٥

-٣٦-

N-phenyl-sulfonylbenzoic benzoamide, to increase selectivity. In some embodiments, insureds are used in rice, grains, corn, or maize. In some embodiments, the cloquintocet moiety, ester or monomer is used. In certain embodiments, cloquintocet is used to counteract the harmful effect of the composition on rice and grains. In certain embodiments, the component is cloquintocet (Mexyl).

5 In some embodiments, the compositions described herein are used in combination with one or more plant growth modifiers, such as 2,3,5-tri-iodobenzoic acid, IAA, IBA, α-naphthaleneacetamide, naphthaleneacetamide - α-naphthaleneacetic acids, benzyl adenine 4, benzyladenine - 4-hydroxyphenethyl alcohol, kinetin, ethephon, endothal, zeatin, kinetin

<p dir="rtl">80 Pentachlorophenol, aviglycine, tribufos, thidiazuron, pentachlorophenol,</p>

gibberellic acid, gibberellins, ancymidol, abscisic acid, fosamine

2, mepiquat, maleic hydrazide, jasmonic acid, isopyrimol, glyphosine, fosamine

<p dir="rtl">3,5-tri-iodobenzoic acid morphactins, 2,3,5-tri-iodobenzoic acid,</p>

uniconazole, tetcyclacis, paclobutrazol, mefluidide, flurprimidol, dichlorflurenol

85 brassinolide, brassinolide-ethyl cycloheximide, brassinolide-ethyl, triapenthenol, prohexadinoe, methasulfocarb, ethylene and trinexapac.

In some embodiments, growth rates in one or more crops or populations are used, such as rice, cereal crops, corn, sorghum, broadleaf crops, oilseed rape/canola, prairie, pineapple, sugarcane, sunflower, Didn't I graze?

20 Grasses, pastures, fallowland, meadow, trees and shrubs, agricultural crops, vegetables,

And crops not used for decoration. In some embodiments, the plant growth modifier is mixed with the compound of Formula (I), or mixed with the compound of Formula (I) and a protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor to have beneficial effects on plants.

In some embodiments, the compositions provided herein additionally comprise at least 25 agriculturally acceptable additives or carriers that are non-toxic to valuable plants and crops and, particularly at the concentrations used for the compositions for selective control of weeds in the presence of crops, must not react chemically with the herbicide components or components of another composition. These mixtures may be designed for use on herbs directly in situ or they may be concentrates or formulations that are diluted with a carrier upon application. Materials may be present

٤٠٩٥

-٣٧-

Solids, such as dust, granules, dispersal granules in water or wettable powders, or liquids, such as lotion concentrates, solutions, emulsifiers or deepeners. It may also be available in the form of premixes or ceramic mixtures.

Agriculturally acceptable additives and carriers include, but are not limited to, crop 5 oil concentrate; nonylphenol ethoxylate; Mixed with benzyl

Benzylcocoalkyldimethyl quaternary ammonium salt from petroleum hydrocarbon, alkyl esters, organic acids, and anionic surfactant solutions; C11-C9 alkylpolyglycoside C9-C11 alkylpolyglycoside; phosphated alcohol ethoxylate 80; Natural primary alcohols

urea ammonium nitrate; emulsified methylated seed oil; tridecyl ethoxylate

EO8(alcohol (synthetic) ethoxylate); tallow amine

EO85(ethoxylate (; 400(PEG) dioleate).99- dioleate

Liquid carriers that can be used include water and organic solvents. Organic solvents include, but are not limited to, 20 petroleum fractions or hydrocarbons, such as mineral oil, aromatic solvents, paraffinic oils, and the like. Vegetable oils such as soybean oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil, castor oil, sunflower seed oil, coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil

25 cottonseed oil, linseed oil, palm oil, peanut oil, safflower oil, sesame oil, tung oil, and others; Esters from vegetable oils in particular, such as esters from monoalcohols, di-, or tri-alcohols, or other polyalcohols (which include 6-4 hydroxy), such as 2-ethyl

٤٠٩٥

-٣٨-

n-butyl oleate, isopropyl myristate, propylene glycol dioleate, di-octyl succinate, di-butyl adipate, di-octyl phthalate, etc ; Esterification of mono-, di-, and polycarboxylic acids

5 polycarboxylic acids and the like. Specialized organic solvents include, but are not limited to, toluene, xylene, petroleum naphtha, crop oil, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyc lohexanone, trichloroethylene, and perchloroethylene yimif

perchloroethylene, ethyl acetate, amyl acetate, butyl

80 butyl acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether

monomethyl ether and diethylene glycol

monomethyl ether, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, amyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, N-glycerin, glycerine-

85 Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, N,N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone-dimethyl alkyl amide, N,N-dimethyl alkylamides, dimethyl sulfoxide, liquid fertilizers, and others. In certain embodiments, water is the carrier for diluting the concentrate.

Solid carriers include, but are not limited to, pyro phyllite clay, silica, attapulgus clay, kaolin clay, and bag

20 Kieselguhr, chalk, diatomaceous earth, soda lime, calcium carbonate, bentonite clay, Fuller's earth, cottonseed hulls, wheat flour, soybean flour, pumice sawdust, wood flour, walnut shell flour, lignin, semolose, cellulose

25 And they disagreed.

In some embodiments the compositions described herein additionally comprise one or more surface active agents. In some embodiments these surfactants are used in both solid and liquid formulations, and in certain embodiments they are designed for use after dilution with a carrier. The surfactant can be anionic, cationic, or non-ionic in nature.

٤٠٩٥

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nonionic and can be used in the form of emulsifying agents, wetting agents, suspending agents, or ground-clearing agents for other purposes. Surfactants that may be additionally used in these formulations are described in “McCutcheon's Detergents and New Jersey Emulsifiers Annual, 5 8998, MC Publishing Corp, and in the Encyclopedia” of New Chemical Publishing Co., Surfactants, III-I.Vol.

York, 8980-88

Surface active agents include, but are not limited to, alkyl sulfate salts, such as diethanolammonium lauryl sulfate; alkylaryl sulfonate salts, such as calcium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 80; Alkylphenol-alkymone oxide addition products

alkylphenol-alkylene oxide, such as nonylphenol-C18 ethoxylate; alcohol-alkylene oxide addition products, such as tridecyl alcohol-C16 ethoxylate; Soaps, such as sodium stearate; Alkynaphthalene-sulfonate salts 85, such as sodium dibutylnaphthalenesulfonate; Dialkyl esters from sulfosuccinate salts Salts, such as sodium di(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate; sorbitol esters, such as sorbitol oleate; quaternary amines, such as 20-trimethylammonium lauryl trimethylammonium chloride polyester; Polyethylene glycol esters from fatty acids, such as polyethylene glycol stearate; block copolymers from ethylene oxide oxide and propylene oxide; Salts of mono- and dialkyl phosphate esters; 25 Vegetable oils such as soybean oil, shoulder seed oil, olive oil, castor oil, sunflower seed oil, walnut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, shoulder oil, palm oil, peanut oil, safflower oil, sesame oil. , meringue oil and the like; vegetable oils are primarily esterified, and in certain embodiments they are methyl esters.

٤٠٩٥

-٤٠-

In some embodiments, these substances such as vegetable oils and their esterifications may be used interchangeably as agriculturally acceptable additives and carriers for liquids or as surface active agents.

Other examples of additives that may be used in the formulations provided herein include, but are not limited to, compatibility agents, anti-foaming agents, chelating agents, neutralizing agents, and controlling agents.

5 pH, corrosion inhibitors, dyes, scents, and publishing materials

sticking, penetration aids, spreading agents, thickening agents, dispersing agents, spreading agents, antimicrobial agents, freezing point depressants

And what's wrong? The compositions may also include other compatible ingredients, such as other herbicides 80, plant growth modifiers, fungicides, insecticides, and the like.

Which can be formulated or solid particles, especially fertilizer carriers, ammonium nitrate, urea, and the like.

In some embodiments, the concentration of the active ingredients in the compositions described herein ranges from approximately 0.0005 to 98% of the weight. In some models, the Turkish Azt Tkof Mf is approximately 85 0.0006 to 90 Mf weight ratio. In formulations designed to use as a concentrate, the active ingredient, in

In certain embodiments it is present in concentrations from about 0.8 to 98 by weight, and in certain embodiments it is from about 0.5 to 90 by weight. Dilute all compositions in certain embodiments with an inert carrier, such as water, before use. Diluted formulations are usually used on or near the herbage. In certain embodiments, it contains a concentration of approximately 0.0006 to 3.0 weight percentage of the active ingredient, and in certain embodiments 20 it contains approximately 0.08 to 8.0 weight percentage.

The present formulations can be used on or in situ grasses by ground or aerial applications of powders, sprays, and granular applications, in addition to irrigation, water, and other conventional methods known to those skilled in the art.

The following examples and examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention and claims. Modifications, uses and combinations can be made of the combinations described herein

It appears clear to those who are skilled in art, without neglecting the spirit and scope of the protection elements.

The results in Examples I and II are the results of experiments in the greenhouse.

٤٠٩٥

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Example I. Evaluation of post-emergence foliar application of herbicidal mixtures for weed control in direct-planted rice

Seeds of the desired test plant are planted in a soil matrix prepared with a mixture of sand and clay (e.g., 28.6).

5 88.8 percent salt, 52.6 percent sand, with a pH of about 5.8 and an organic matter content of about 8.8 percent) and a calcination content of 80 to 20 percent. The solid matrix contains plastic pots with a size of 8 quarts and a surface area of 83.6 square centimetres. )S²When necessary to ensure good growth and healthy plants, fungicide and/or other chemicals or physical treatments are used. Plants are grown for 8-22 days in a greenhouse 80 with an approximate light period of 84 hours, which lasts until about 29 °C during the day and 26 ° During the mile.

nutrients)^®Mg-2Ca -855-5-85Peters Excel and iron chelate (which is used in the irrigation solution when necessary, and water is added on a regular basis. Provide supplementary light above the soil with a metal halide flash over the soil, 8000-watts when necessary. Plants use it. In the test when you reach the first curve during the four real papers.

85 The treatment consists of acids or esters of 4-amino-3-chomoro-5-fumoro-6-(4-chomoro-2-fumoro-3-methoxyphenyl)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid-3-4-amino.

chloro-5-fluoro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxy-phenyl)pyridine-2-

Carboxylic acid (Compound A), both formulated as SC (concentrated suspension), and various herbicide components alone and in combinations. Forms of Compound A were used based on the acid equivalent.

20 The tested forms of compound A include the compound of formula I:

<img file="SA4095B1_D0008.tif" />

Compound A is an acid

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-٤٢-

<img file="SA4095B1_D0009.tif" />

Compound A n-butyl ester

<img file="SA4095B1_D0010.tif" />

Compound A benzyl ester

<p dir="rtl">5 Other herbicide ingredients are used on the basis of the active ingredient and include herbicides, acetolactate synthesis inhibitors (ALS), halosulfuron-methyl, all formulations as Permit.^® 75 WDG, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl formulated as^®Agreen WG or Sirius^® G and the inhibitory herbicide VLCFAesprocarb (technical grade substance).</p>

.)grade material

<p dir="rtl">80 Processing requirements are calculated based on the rates tested, the concentration of the active ingredient or acid equivalent in the formulation, and an 82 mL application volume at a rate of HA/L887.</p>

For treatments including formulated compounds and quantities of compounds placed individually in a 25 ml bottle and diluted to 8.25% v/v (Dex).^®- Agri crop oil concentrate (COC) for a stock solution x 82. If the test compound is not well dissolved, warm the mixture and/or sonicate.

<p dir="rtl">85 The solution for use is prepared by adding an appropriate amount of each stock solution (e.g., 8 ml) and diluted to the appropriate final concentration by adding 80 ml of an aqueous mixture of 8.25% v/v COC such that the final spray solution contains 8.25% v/v (COC.</p>

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-٤٣-

For treatments involving technical compounds, weigh the quantities, place them individually in a 25 ml glass vial, and dissolve in a volume of 97:3 (v/v) acetone/DMSO to obtain a stock solution x 82. If the test compound is not well dissolved, the mixture should be warmed and/or sonicated. Prepare a solution. Use by adding an appropriate amount of each stock solution (e.g., 8 ml) and dilute to 5. The appropriate final concentration when adding 80 ml of an aqueous mixture of 8.25% v/v)

COC, so that the final spray load contains 8.25% v/v (COC).

When using technical materials, the concentrated stock solution can be added to the spray solution so that the final concentration of DMSO acetone is 86.2% and 0.5%, respectively. For processing involving formulated technical compounds, the quantities are weighed, placed individually in 25 80 ml glass vials, and dissolved in a volume of 97:3 (v/v) acetone/DMSO to obtain an 82 x stock solution.

Quantities are measured from the stock solution of the formulated compound and placed individually in a 25 ml glass vial and diluted to a volume of 8.5% (v/v) COC or water to obtain a stock solution x 82). If the test compound is not well dissolved, the mixture should be warmed and/or sonicated. Prepare the solution for use. By adding an appropriate amount of each stock solution (e.g., 8 ml) and diluting to the appropriate final concentration of 85 ml when adding 80 ml of an aqueous mixture of 8.5% v/v (v/v) COC so that the solution contains

Aerosol spray 8.25%) Ha/ha (COC).

It may be necessary to add water and/or 97:3 acetone/DMSO to individual solutions so that the final concentration of acetone and DMSO is 8.8% and 0.25%, respectively.

All stock solutions are visually inspected for vehicle compatibility before use. Use 20 spray solutions on plant materials with a Mandel track sprayer on the ground equipped with an 8002 spray nozzle.

Calibrated to reach ha/L887 over an area of 503 -² Spray from a height of 88 to 20 inches or 4650 cm above the average plant height. The control plants are sprayed in the same way with a solvent.

Treated and control plants are placed in the greenhouse as described, blinded and irrigated to prevent leaching of the test compounds. After approximately 3 weeks, the conditions of the test plants were comparable to the untreated plants visually 25 on a scale from 0 to 800%, where 0 corresponds to no infection and growth, while 800

Equals killing.

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-٤٤-

Colby's equation was used to determine the expected herbicide effect of the mixtures (Calculation of the synergistic and antagonistic response of Colby, RS 8967).

.).22-85:20Weeds.herbicide combinations

The following equations are used to calculate the expected activity of mixtures containing the active ingredient, A

5 And B:

Expected = 800/A x B(B+ A)

A=The observed effectiveness of the active ingredient A at the same concentration while using it in a mixture.

B=The observed effectiveness of the active ingredient B at the same concentration while using it in a mixture.

80 The tested compounds, the proportions used, the plant types tested, and the results are given in Tables 8-88.

Table 8. Synergistic effect of foliar application of compound A and Halosulfuron-methyl acid in anti-weed formulation in rice crop system

.Rice Cropping System

<tr><td colspan="2"><p dir="rtl">Visual control of weeds (%) 20</p><p>DAA</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Hello Simforov</p><p dir="rtl">Methyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Acid</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>BRAPP</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>50</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr>

٤٠٩٥

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<tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>50</p></td><td><p>65</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>50</p></td><td><p>60</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>50</p></td><td><p>60</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p dir="rtl">Visual control of weeds</p><p>(%) Weed Control</p><p>DAA20</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Hello Simforov</p><p dir="rtl">Methyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Acid</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>DIGSA</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>28.2</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>25</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>42.4</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>89</p></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>28.2</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>33</p></td><td><p>53</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>42.4</p></td></tr>

Table 2. The synergistic effect of the foliar application of benzyl ester and halo-sulforamethyl in the formulation of anti-weed pesticides in the rice crop system.

<tr><td><p dir="rtl">Visual control</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Hello Simforov</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p></td></tr>

٤٠٩٥

-٤٦-

<tr><td colspan="2"><p dir="rtl">Herbs (%) DAA20</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Methyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Benzyl ester</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>BRAPP</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>40</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>40</p></td><td><p>65</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>75</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>40</p></td><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>40</p></td><td><p>60</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>75</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr>

<tr><td><p dir="rtl">Visual control</p><p dir="rtl">Herbs (%) DAA20</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Hello Simforov</p><p dir="rtl">Methyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Benzyl ester</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>LEFCH</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr>

٤٠٩٥

-٤٧-

<tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>20</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>40</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>20</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>40</p></td><td><p>60</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>20</p></td><td><p>20</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>40</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td></tr>

Table 3. The synergistic effect of the foliar application of benzyl ester and n-butyl ester in an anti-weed formulation in the rice cropping system.

<tr><td><p dir="rtl">Visual control of weeds (%) 20</p><p>DAA</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Hello Simforov</p><p dir="rtl">Methyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A n-butyl ester</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>LEFCH</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr>

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-٤٨-

<tr><td></td><td><p>48</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>35</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>5</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>50</p></td><td><p>68</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>35</p></td></tr>

Table 4. Synergistic effect of foliar application of benzyl ester compound and p-arzosulfur-ethyl ester.

Herbicidal in Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl (Agreen® WG) formulation

Compositions on weeds in rice cropping system.

<tr><td colspan="2"><p dir="rtl">Visual control</p><p dir="rtl">Herbs (%) DAA20</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">By Arzo Simforov</p><p dir="rtl">- Ethyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Acid</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>DIGSA</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g aiha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>28.2</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>23</p></td><td><p>820</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>30</p></td><td><p>63</p></td><td><p>820</p></td><td><p>28.2</p></td></tr>

Table 5. The synergistic effect of the foliar application of benzyl ester and benzyl ester compound (Agreen® WG) in the formulation of anti-weed pesticides in the rice crop system.

<tr><td><p dir="rtl">Visual control of weeds</p><p>DAA28 (%)</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">P. Arzo Simforov - Ethyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Benzyl ester</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>BRAPP</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr>

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<tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>50</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>30</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>60</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>50</p></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>50</p></td><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>30</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>55</p></td><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>60</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr>

<tr><td colspan="2"><p dir="rtl">Visual control of weeds (%) 28</p><p>DAA</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">P. Arzo Simforov - Ethyl</p><p>Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Benzyl ester</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>DIGSA</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g aiha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>23</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>38</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>35</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>23</p></td><td><p>820</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>40</p></td><td><p>63</p></td><td><p>820</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td></tr>

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<tr><td><p>52</p></td><td><p>53</p></td><td><p>820</p></td><td><p>35</p></td></tr>

Table 6. The synergistic effect of the foliar application of n-Butyl Ester and Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl (Agreen® WG) in the formulation of anti-weed pesticides in the rice crop system.

<tr><td colspan="2"><p dir="rtl">Visual control of weeds</p><p>DAA20 (%)</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">P. Arzo Simforov - Ethyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">The compound is n-butyl ester</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>DIGSA</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g aiha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>83</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>23</p></td><td><p>820</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>32</p></td><td><p>45</p></td><td><p>820</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td></tr>

Table 7. The synergistic effect of the foliar application of benzyl ester compound and Esprocarb in the formulation of anti-herbicides on weeds in the rice cropping system.

<tr><td colspan="2"><p dir="rtl">Visual control</p><p dir="rtl">Herbs (%) DAA22</p></td><td><p>Esprocarb</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Acid</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>BRAPP</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>45</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr>

٤٠٩٥

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<tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>52.5</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>805</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>45</p></td><td><p>65</p></td><td><p>52.5</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>45</p></td><td><p>55</p></td><td><p>805</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p dir="rtl">Visual control</p><p dir="rtl">Herbs (%) DAA22</p></td><td><p>Esprocarb</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Acid</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>ECHCO</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>65</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>805</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>65</p></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>805</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>805</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr>

Table 8. The synergistic effect of the foliar application of Benzyl Ester and Esprocarb in the anti-weed formulation in the rice crop system.

<tr><td><p dir="rtl">Visual control</p><p dir="rtl">Herbs (%) DAA22</p></td><td><p>Esprocarb</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Benzyl ester</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>CYPIR</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr>

٤٠٩٥

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<tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>25</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>50</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>52.5</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>805</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>25</p></td><td><p>95</p></td><td><p>52.5</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>50</p></td><td><p>800</p></td><td><p>52.5</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>25</p></td><td><p>99</p></td><td><p>805</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>50</p></td><td><p>800</p></td><td><p>805</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr>

<tr><td colspan="2"><p dir="rtl">Visual control</p><p dir="rtl">Herbs (%) DAA22</p></td><td><p>Esprocarb</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Acid</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>SCPJU</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>52.5</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>805</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>800</p></td><td><p>52.5</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>800</p></td><td><p>805</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr>

٤٠٩٥

-٥٣-

<tr><td><p>Urochloa platyphylla (Nash) R.D. Webster</p></td><td><p>BRAPP</p></td></tr>

signalgrass, broadleaf or Brachiaria platyphylla (Griseb.) Nash

<tr><td><p>flatsedge, rice Cyperus iria L.</p></td><td><p>CYPIR</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>crabgrass, large Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.</p></td><td><p>DIGSA 5</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>junglerice Echinochloa colona (L.) Link</p></td><td><p>ECHCO</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>sprangletop, Chinese Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees</p></td><td><p>LEFCH</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>bulrush, Japanese Schoenoplectus juncoides (Roxb.) Palla</p></td><td><p>SCPJU</p></td></tr>

ha/g ae = g acid equivalent per hectare

80 ha/g ai = effective cost per hectare

Obs = observed value

Exp = the expected value from the calculation using Colby's equation

DAA = days after spraying

Example II. Evaluation of the in-water use of herbicide mixtures for weed control in rice

Transplanted Paddy Rice 85 Transplanted Basmati

Seeds of herbs or plants desired for testing are planted in clay soil prepared with a mixture of shredded, non-sterilized organic soil (50.5 percent salt, 25.5 percent silt, and 24 percent sand, with a pH of about 7.6 and an organic matter content of about 2.9%) and water of 8 percent. 8: Volumetric ratio. Place 365 ml of the approved spectrum in 86 ounce (oz.) draws in perforated, non-plastic containers with a surface area of 20 inches (86.59 square centimetres) (cm), leaving a head space of 3 cm (cm) in each container, and allow the coating to dry up to a mile. Transplant or transplant the rice plant seeds in Sun Gro planting mixture^®306MetroMix, which typically has a pH of 6.0 to 6.8 and an organic matter content ofAbout 30%, in plastic plug trays. The seeds are planted until the second or third true leaf stage of growth, then they are transferred to an 840 ml container containing 32 25 ounces of perforated plastic with a surface area of 86.59 cm 4 days before using the herbicide.

The rice is immersed by filling the surface area of the pot with 2.5 to 3 cm of water.

٤٠٩٥

-٥٤-

When necessary to ensure good growth and healthy plants, fungicide and/or other chemicals or physical treatments are used. Plants are grown for 8-22 days in the greenhouse with an approximate light period of 84 hours, which lasts up to about 29°C during the day and 26°C during the incline. . Nutrients added in an image^®Osmocote + micronutrients (89:6:82) (K:P:N) at 2 g per 86-oz. pot and 4 g per 5 32-oz. pot. Add water on a regular basis. Provide supplementary light above the ground with a metal halide flash.

Above 8000-watt capacity when necessary. Plants are used in the test when they reach the first curve during the four true leaves.

The treatment consists of acids or esters of 4-amino-3-chomoro-5-fumoro-6-(4-chomoro-2-fumoro-3-methoxyphenyl)pyridine-2-carboxylic acid-3-4-amino.

chloro-5-fluoro-6-(4-chloro-2-fluoro-3-methoxy-phenyl)pyridine-2- 80

Carboxylic acid (Compound A), both formulated as SC (concentrated suspension), and various herbicide components alone and in combinations. Forms of Compound A were used based on the acid equivalent.

The tested forms of compound A include the compound of formula I:

<img file="SA4095B1_D0011.tif" />

Compound A is an acid

85

<img file="SA4095B1_D0012.tif" />

٤٠٩٥

-٥٥-

Compound A n-butyl ester

<img file="SA4095B1_D0013.tif" />

Compound A: Benzyl Ester

5 Other herbicide ingredients are used on the basis of the active ingredient and include herbicides, acetolactate synthesis inhibitors (ALS), halosphoro-methyl, and all formulations as Permit.^® 75 WDG, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl formulated as Agreen^® WG or Sirius^® G and the inhibitory herbicide VLCFAesprocarb (technical grade substance).

Treatment requirements for each herbicidal compound or ingredient are calculated based on test rates at a concentration of 80 active ingredient or acid equivalent in the formulation, a application volume of 2 ml of ingredient per container, and a application area of 86.59 cm per container.

For formulation compounds, place the measured amount in individual glass vials of 800 and 200 ml and dissolve in 8.25% (vol/vol) Agri crop oil concentrate -

<p dir="rtl">^®Dex for portable. If the test compound does not dissolve well, it will warm or melt.</p>

<p dir="rtl">85 Technical grade compounds are weighed and the measured quantity is placed in individual 800 and 200 ml glass vials and dissolved in a volume of acetone to obtain a stock solution. If the test compound is not dissolved well, it will warm or melt.</p>

. The concentrated stock solution obtained is diluted with an equivalent volume of an aqueous mixture of a mixture containing 2.5% v/v crop oil concentrate so that the final concentration of the 20 solution used is 8.25% v/v crop oil concentrate.

٤٠٩٥

-٥٦-

It is used by injecting appropriate amounts of the solution into the aqueous layer. Control plants are injected in the same way with a blank solvent solution. All plants receive the same treatment and concentration of acetone and plant oil concentrate.

Treated and control plants are placed in the greenhouse as described, blinded and irrigated to prevent removal of the test compounds. After approximately 3 weeks, the conditions of the test plants were compared to those of the other plants

Treat visually on a scale from 0 to 800% where 0 corresponds to no injury and growth, while 800 equals kill.

The Colby equation was used to determine the expected herbicide effect of mixtures (Colby, RS.

Calculation of the synergistic and antagonistic response of herbicide.8967

22-85:20Weeds.combinations 80

The following equations are used to calculate the expected activity of mixtures containing the two active ingredients, A and B:

Expected = 800/A x B(B+ A)

A=The observed effectiveness of the active ingredient A at the same concentration while using it in a mixture.

85 B=The observed effectiveness of the active ingredient B at the same concentration while using it in a mixture.

Some of the tested compounds, usage rates, types of plants tested, and results are given in Tables 9-88.

Table 9. Synergistic effect of use in water of compound A and halo-sulfuromethyl acid

20 Halosulfuron-methyl in weed control formulation in rice crop system

.Rice Cropping System

<tr><td colspan="2"><p dir="rtl">Visual control of weeds (%) 20</p><p>DAA</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Hello Simforov</p><p dir="rtl">Methyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Acid</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>SCPMA</p></td><td><p>ECHOR</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr>

٤٠٩٥

-٥٧-

<tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td></td><td><p>88</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>42.4</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td></td><td><p>33</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>84.8</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>65</p></td><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>65</p></td><td><p>800</p></td><td><p>88</p></td><td><p>58</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>42.4</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>65</p></td><td><p>800</p></td><td><p>33</p></td><td><p>73</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>84.8</p></td></tr>

<tr><td colspan="2"><p dir="rtl">Visual control</p><p dir="rtl">Herbs (%) 28 DAA</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Hello Simforov</p><p dir="rtl">Methyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Acid</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>ECHCG</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>30</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>30</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>30</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td></tr>

<tr><td><p dir="rtl">Visual control</p><p dir="rtl">Herbs (%) 20 DAA</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Hello Simforov</p><p dir="rtl">Methyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Acid</p></td></tr>

٤٠٩٥

-٥٨-

<tr><td colspan="2"></td><td><p>Halosulfuron-</p><p>methyl</p></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>30</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>50</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>65</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>35</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>60</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>72</p></td><td><p>800</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>800</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>86</p></td><td><p>800</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td><td><p>35</p></td></tr>

Table 80. The synergistic effect of the use in water of the benzyl ester compound Halosulfuron-methyl in the formulation of anti-weed pesticides in the rice crop system.

<tr><td colspan="2"><p dir="rtl">Visual control</p><p dir="rtl">Herbs (%) 20 DAA</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Hello Simforov</p><p dir="rtl">Methyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Benzyl ester</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>ECHOR</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>73</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>35</p></td></tr>

٤٠٩٥

-٥٩-

<tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>73</p></td><td><p>88</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>35</p></td></tr>

<tr><td colspan="2"><p dir="rtl">Visual control of weeds (%) 20</p><p>DAA</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Halo sulfur methyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Benzyl ester</p><p>Benzyl</p><p>Ester</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>SCPMA</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>70</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>65</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>65</p></td><td><p>98</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>70</p></td></tr>

<tr><td colspan="2"><p dir="rtl">Visual control</p><p dir="rtl">Herbs (%) 28 DAA</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Hello Simforov</p><p dir="rtl">Methyl</p><p>Halosulfuron-</p><p>methyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Benzyl ester</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>ECHOR</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr>

٤٠٩٥

-٦٠-

<tr><td></td><td><p>80</p></td><td></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr>

<tr><td colspan="2"><p dir="rtl">Visual control</p><p dir="rtl">Herbs (%) 28 DAA</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Hello Simforov</p><p dir="rtl">Methyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Benzyl ester</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>CYPRO</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>20</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>65</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>60</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>68</p></td><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>86</p></td><td><p>800</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr>

٤٠٩٥

-٦١-

Table 88. The synergistic effect of the use in water of n-Butyl Ester and Halosulfuron-methyl in the formulation of anti-weed pesticides in the rice crop system.

<tr><td colspan="4"><p dir="rtl">Visual control of weeds (%) 20</p><p>DAA</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Hello Simforov</p><p dir="rtl">Methyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A n-butyl ester</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>SCPMA</p></td><td colspan="2"><p>ECHOR</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>35</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td></td><td><p>40</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>70</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>65</p></td><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>65</p></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>55</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>35</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>65</p></td><td><p>95</p></td><td><p>40</p></td><td><p>83</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>70</p></td></tr>

5 Table 82. The synergistic effect of the use in water of Sirius® G (Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl acid) in the formulation of anti-weed pesticides in the rice cropping system.

<tr><td><p dir="rtl">Visual control</p><p dir="rtl">Herbs (%) 20 DAA</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">P-arzosamforof-ethyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Acid</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>ECHOR</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr>

٤٠٩٥

-٦٢-

<tr><td></td><td><p>88</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>42.4</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>33</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>84.8</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>75</p></td><td><p>93</p></td><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>42.4</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>98</p></td><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>84.8</p></td></tr>

<tr><td colspan="4"><p dir="rtl">Visual control of weeds (%) 22</p><p>DAA</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">P-arzosamforof-ethyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Acid</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>SCPMA</p></td><td colspan="2"><p>ECHOR</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td></td><td><p>20</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>35</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>80</p></td><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>70</p></td><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>20</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>40</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>95</p></td><td><p>20</p></td><td><p>40</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>35</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>99</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>50</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr>

٤٠٩٥

-٦٣-

<tr><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>95</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>30</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>800</p></td><td><p>20</p></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>35</p></td></tr>

Table 83. The synergistic effect of the use in water of Agreen® Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl acid (Agreen® WG) in the formulation of anti-weed pesticides in the rice cropping system.

<tr><td colspan="2"><p dir="rtl">Visual control</p><p dir="rtl">Herbs (%) 22 DAA</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">P-arzosamforof-ethyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Acid</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>ECHCG</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>20</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>86</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>25</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>32</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>20</p></td><td><p>7.5</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>20</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>36</p></td><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>7.5</p></td><td><p>86</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>40</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>7.5</p></td><td><p>32</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>36</p></td><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>86</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>40</p></td><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>32</p></td></tr>

٤٠٩٥

-٦٤-

<tr><td colspan="2"><p dir="rtl">Visual control of weeds</p><p>DAA 28 (%)</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">P-arzosamforof-ethyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Acid</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>30</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>86</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>90</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>32</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>7.5</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>79</p></td><td><p>800</p></td><td><p>7.5</p></td><td><p>86</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>97</p></td><td><p>800</p></td><td><p>7.5</p></td><td><p>32</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>86</p></td><td><p>800</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>86</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>98</p></td><td><p>800</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>32</p></td></tr>

Table 84. The synergistic effect of the use in water of n-Butyl Ester and Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl (Sirius® G) in the formulation of anti-weed pesticides in the rice crop system.

5

<tr><td><p dir="rtl">Visual control</p><p dir="rtl">Herbs (%) 20 DAA</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">P-arzosamforof-ethyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A n-butyl ester</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>ECHOR</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr>

٤٠٩٥

-٦٥-

<tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>35</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>40</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>70</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>88</p></td><td><p>90</p></td><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>35</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>82</p></td><td><p>88</p></td><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>70</p></td></tr>

Table 85. The synergistic effect of the use in water of Benzyl Ester and Sirius® G (Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl) in the formulation of anti-weed pesticides in the rice crop system.

5

<tr><td colspan="2"><p dir="rtl">Visual control of weeds (%) 20</p><p>DAA</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">P-arzosamforof-ethyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Benzyl ester</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>ECHOR</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>73</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>35</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>92</p></td><td><p>800</p></td><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>35</p></td></tr>

٤٠٩٥

-٦٦-

<tr><td colspan="2"><p dir="rtl">Visual control</p><p dir="rtl">Herbs (%) 22 DAA</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">P-arzosamforof-ethyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Benzyl ester</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>LEFCH</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr>

<tr><td colspan="2"><p dir="rtl">Visual control of weeds (%) 22</p><p>DAA</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">P-arzosamforof-ethyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Benzyl ester</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>SCPMA</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr>

٤٠٩٥

-٦٧-

<tr><td></td><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>800</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>90</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>95</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>95</p></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td></tr>

Table 86. The synergistic effect of the use in water of Benzyl Ester and Pyrazosulfuron-ethyl (Agreen® WG) in the formulation of anti-weed pesticides in the rice crop system.

<tr><td colspan="2"><p dir="rtl">Visual control of weeds</p><p>DAA 22 (%)</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">P-arzosamforof-ethyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A benzyl ester</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>ECHCG</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>50</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>8</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>60</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>86</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>20</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr>

٤٠٩٥

-٦٨-

<tr><td><p>60</p></td><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>8</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>68</p></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>86</p></td></tr>

<tr><td colspan="2"><p dir="rtl">Visual control of weeds</p><p>DAA 89 (%)</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">P-arzosamforof-ethyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A benzyl ester</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>ECHCG</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>8</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>5</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>30</p></td><td><p>20</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>50</p></td><td><p>5</p></td><td><p>8</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>50</p></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>8</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>55</p></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>20</p></td><td><p>8</p></td></tr>

<tr><td><p dir="rtl">Visual control of weeds</p><p>DAA 89 (%)</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">P-arzosamforof-ethyl</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A benzyl ester</p></td></tr>

٤٠٩٥

-٦٩-

<tr><td colspan="2"><p>ECHOR</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>8</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>25</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>86</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>32</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>5</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>20</p></td><td><p>5</p></td><td><p>8</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>25</p></td><td><p>30</p></td><td><p>5</p></td><td><p>86</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>45</p></td><td><p>5</p></td><td><p>32</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>40</p></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>8</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>25</p></td><td><p>25</p></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>86</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>35</p></td><td><p>45</p></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>32</p></td></tr>

Table 87. The synergistic effect of the use in water of Compound A and Esprocarb in the formulation of anti-weed pesticides in the rice cropping system.

<tr><td><p dir="rtl">Visual control of weeds (%) 28</p><p>DAA</p></td><td><p>Esprocarb</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A</p><p dir="rtl">Acid</p></td></tr>

٤٠٩٥

-٧٠-

<tr><td colspan="2"><p>SCPJU</p></td><td colspan="2"><p>FIMMI</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>40</p></td><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>60</p></td><td></td><td><p>95</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>805</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>280</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>40</p></td><td><p>75</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>99</p></td><td><p>805</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>60</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>95</p></td><td><p>800</p></td><td><p>805</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>40</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>50</p></td><td><p>280</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>60</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>95</p></td><td><p>800</p></td><td><p>280</p></td><td><p>87.5</p></td></tr>

Table 88. The synergistic effect of the use in water of Benzyl Ester and Esprocarb in the formulation of anti-weed pesticides in the rice crop system.

<tr><td><p dir="rtl">Visual control of weeds</p><p>DAA28 (%)</p></td><td><p>Esprocarb</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A benzyl ester</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>CYPRO</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr>

٤٠٩٥

-٧١-

<tr><td colspan="2"></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>30</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>60</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>805</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>50</p></td><td><p>280</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>30</p></td><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>805</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>60</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>805</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>65</p></td><td><p>85</p></td><td><p>280</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>80</p></td><td><p>70</p></td><td><p>280</p></td><td><p>8.75</p></td></tr>

<tr><td colspan="2"><p dir="rtl">Visual control of weeds</p><p>DAA28 (%)</p></td><td><p>Esprocarb</p></td><td><p dir="rtl">Compound A benzyl ester</p></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><p>FIMMI</p></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>Exp</p></td><td><p>Obs</p></td><td><p>g ai/ha</p></td><td><p>g ae/ha</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>20</p></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>805</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr>

٤٠٩٥

-٧٢-

<tr><td></td><td><p>0</p></td><td><p>280</p></td><td><p>0</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>20</p></td><td><p>800</p></td><td><p>805</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>20</p></td><td><p>95</p></td><td><p>280</p></td><td><p>4.38</p></td></tr>

Cyperus difformis L. CYPDI

flatsedge smallflower

Cyperus rotundus L. CYPRO

nutsedge, purple

barnyardgrass Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. ECHCG

<tr><td><p>watergrass, early</p></td><td><p>Echinochloa oryzoides (Ard.) Fritsch</p></td><td><p>ECHOR</p></td><td><p>5</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Fringerush globe</p></td><td><p>Fimbristylis miliacea (L.) Vahl</p></td><td><p>FIMMI</p></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>sprangle top, Chinese</p></td><td><p>Leptochloa chinensis (L.) Nees</p></td><td><p>LEFCH</p></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>bulrush, Japanese</p></td><td><p>Schoenoplectus juncoides (Roxb.) Palla</p></td><td><p>SCPJU</p></td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td><p>Bolboschoenus maritimus (L.) Palla</p></td><td><p>SCPMA</p></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><p>clubrush, sea</p></td><td><p>or Schoenoplectus maritimus (L.) Lye</p></td><td></td><td><p>80</p></td></tr>

ha/g ae = g acid equivalent per hectare

ha/g ai = effective cost per hectare

Obs = observed value

Exp = the expected value from the calculation using Colby's equation

85

DAA = days after spraying.

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