Barrier layers comprising ni-inclusive alloys and/or other metallic alloys, double barrier layers, coated articles including double barrier layers, and methods of making the same

Barrier layers containing nickel-containing alloys

Barrier Layers Comprising NI-Inclusive Alloys

Full description

Some examples of this invention relate to a coated article including at least an IR reflective layer of a material such as silver or something similar, in a low-e coating. In certain examples, a ternary alloy containing nickel may be used as at least one layer in the plating. In certain examples, such nickel-containing ternary alloy may be provided as a barrier layer for an IR inversion layer consisting of silver or the like.

In other illustrative examples, a nickel-containing ternary alloy includes nickel, chromium, and/or molybdenum (eg NixCryMoz, etc.). In certain examples, a layer consisting of nickel, chromium, molybdenum and/or oxides is provided which allows the use of a layer with improved corrosion resistance, as well as chemical and mechanical durability. In certain illustrative examples, the ternary alloy containing chromium may include titanium, chromium, niobium, zirconium, molybdenum, and/or combinations thereof. In additional examples, more than one barrier layer may be used at least on one side of the layer consisting of silver. A layer containing nickel may be provided alongside a layer consisting of silver, and another layer on the metal may be provided alongside the layer containing nickel. In other examples, a third barrier layer consisting of a metal oxide may be provided aligned with a second barrier layer on the metal.

Some examples of this invention relate to the use of a layer of NixCryMoz as the functional layer, instead of or in addition to a barrier layer, in a coating. The example of coated materials herein may be used in the context of insulating glass window units, vehicle windows, or other suitable applications such as unit window applications, laminated windows, and/or the like.

Coated materials are commonly used in window applications such as insulating glass window units, vehicle windows, unit windows, and/or the like. In some examples, coating material designers often seek a combination of a high visible transmission, low emissivity, and/or thin sheet material. High visible transmission can allow the use of coated materials in applications where these properties are required such as window applications used in architecture or vehicles, where the low emissivity and low resistance properties of the coatings allow these coated materials to trap significant amounts of IR radiation in order to reduce heat. Unwanted in vehicles or inside buildings for example. Thus, it is typical for coatings used in architectural glazing to block large amounts of IR, a high transmission in the visible spectrum is always desirable. IR-reflective coatings in Low-E coatings affect the coating overall, and in some cases IR-reflective coatings are the most sensitive layer in the layer group. Unfortunately, IR reflective layers of silver can be vulnerable

Damage due to deposition, subsequent climatic processes, heat treatment, chemical attacks, and/or harsh environments. In certain cases, there may be a need to protect the silver layer of the low-E coating from oxygen and/or chemical attacks such as acid and/or alkaline solutions, thermal oxidation, and/or corrosion, and from moisture damage. Including pollutants such as oxygen, chlorine, sulfur, acids, and/or bases. If the IR reflective layer(s) in a coating is not adequately protected, the durability, visual transmission, and/or other optical properties of the coated material can be affected.

Therefore, it will be assessed by a person skilled in the method that there is no need for a low-e coating with improved continuity and improved or partially unchanged visual properties.

Certain examples of this invention relate to an improved barrier layer material consisting of a ternary alloy containing nickel used with an IR reflective layer consisting of silver. In certain examples, the improved barrier layer material may allow for improved durability of the coated material. However, other illustrative examples are related to an IR reflective layer consisting of a ternary alloy containing nickel (eg, nickel, chromium, and/or molybdenum). In these cases, the use of an IR reflective layer consisting of a ternary alloy containing nickel can improve the chemical and/or mechanical durability of the coated material.

Certain illustrative examples of this invention relate to a method for making a coated article including a coating supported by a glass substrate. In certain illustrative examples, the method consists of: preparing a dielectric layer on the glass substrate, preparing a barrier layer consisting of a ternary alloy containing nickel on the dielectric layer, preparing an IR reflective layer consisting of silver on the ternary alloy containing nickel, A second barrier layer consisting of a ternary alloy containing nickel is prepared on the IR reflective layer, through which the IR is used as a low-emission coating.

Other illustrative examples relate to a method for making a coated material, the method consisting of: preparing a dielectric layer on a glass substrate, preparing a first barrier layer on the dielectric layer, preparing an IR reflective layer consisting of silver on a ternary alloy containing nickel, and preparing a barrier layer Second on the IR reflective layer, where the coating is used as a low-emissivity coating, and where the first and second barrier layers consist of 54-58 wt% Ni, and

20-22.5 wt% Cr, and 5-14.5 wt% M.

Still additional illustrative examples are associated with the painted material. In some cases, the coating consists of a substrate that supports a low-E coating. The low-emissivity coating may consist, in order of distance from the substrate, of: a first dielectric layer, a first barrier layer, a first IR reflective layer consisting of silver, provided and in contact with the IR reflective layer, and a second dielectric layer made of silver. It is available on the second barrier layer, so that the first and second barrier layers consist of 54-58 wt% Ni, 20-22.5 wt% Cr, and 12.5-14.5 wt% Mo. Certain illustrative examples of this invention relate to a method for making a coated article including a coating supported by a glass substrate, the method including: Preparing a dielectric layer on the substrate, preparing a first sub-barrier layer consisting of one or more niobium, titanium, chromium, and zirconium on the insulating layer, and preparing a first barrier layer consisting of a ternary alloy containing nickel on the substrate. The first sub-barrier and its contact with it, preparing an IR reflective layer consisting of silver on the first barrier layer consisting of a ternary alloy containing nickel and in contact with it, and preparing a second barrier layer consisting of a ternary alloy ternary alloy containing nickel on and in contact with the IR reflective layer, and preparing a second barrier layer over one or more niobium, titanium, chromium, and zirconium on the barrier layer containing and in contact with nickel.

General description of the invention

Still further illustrative examples also relate to a method for making a coated article including a coating supported by a glass substrate. In some cases, the method consists of:

Preparing a dielectric layer on the substrate, preparing a first sub-barrier layer consisting of one or more niobium, titanium, chromium, and zirconium on the dielectric layer, and preparing a first sub-barrier layer consisting of nickel, chromium, and/or titanium. Or molybdenum containing nickel on the first sub-barrier layer and in contact with it, and preparing an IR reflective layer consisting of silver on the first barrier layer consisting of a ternary alloy containing nickel and in contact with it, and preparing a second barrier layer consisting of a ternary alloy. ternary alloy containing nickel on and in contact with the IR reflective layer, and preparing a second sub-barrier layer on one or more niobium, titanium, chromium, and zirconium on the barrier layer containing nickel, niobium, chromium, and/or titanium. Or molybdenum and touching it.

Other illustrative examples relate to a method for making a coated material, the method consisting of: Preparing a dielectric layer on a glass substrate, preparing a first barrier layer on the insulating layer, preparing an IR reflective layer consisting of silver on the first barrier layer and in contact with it, and preparing a second barrier layer consisting of nickel, titanium, or its oxide on the IR reflective layer and touching it. Preparing a third barrier layer consisting of nickel, chromium, or its oxide on the second barrier layer and in contact with it, and preparing a fourth barrier layer consisting of tin oxide, titanium, chromium, chromium, niobium, and zirconium. , and/or molybdenum,/or tungsten, and/or cobalt on the third barrier layer and in contact with it.

Additional illustrative examples are still associated with the painted material. The coated article contains a low-e coating. The coating contains: a glass substrate, a dielectric layer, a first sub-dielectric layer consisting of one or more niobium, titanium, and zirconium on a dielectric layer, and a first barrier layer consisting of nickel, chromium, and/or titanium, and/or molybdenum on the first sub-barrier layer and the IR reflective layer and in contact with it.

It consists of silver on and in contact with a first barrier layer consisting of nickel, chromium, titanium and/or molybdenum, and a second barrier layer consisting of nickel, chromium, titanium and/or molybdenum which is in contact with the IR reflective layer. , and a second barrier sublayer consisting of one or more niobium, titanium, chromium, and/or zirconium on and in contact with a layer of nickel, chromium, titanium, and/or molybdenum.

Still another illustrative example of this invention relates to a method for making a coated article including a coating supported by a glass substrate, the method comprising: preparing a first dielectric layer on a substrate, preparing an IR reflective layer consisting of 54-58 wt% Ni, 20 -22.5 wt% Cr, and 12.5-14.5 wt% Mo on and in contact with the IR reflective layer. Other examples relate to a method for making a coated article consisting of paint supported by a glass substrate. The method consists of: Preparing a first dielectric layer consisting of silicon nitride on the substrate, and preparing an IR reflective layer consisting of 54-58 wt% Ni, 20-22.5 wt% Cr, and 12.5-14.5 wt% Mo on a first dielectric layer and touching it. Preparing a barrier layer consisting of niobium and zirconium on the IR reflective layer and in contact with it, preparing a second dielectric layer consisting of silicon nitride on the IR reflective layer and in contact with it, and preparing an additional coating layer consisting of zirconium oxide and touching the insulating layer. the second.

Illustrative examples of this invention also relate to a coated article consisting of: A glass substrate, a first dielectric layer consisting of silicon nitride on the substrate, and an IR reflective layer consisting of 54-58 wt% Ni, 20-22.5 wt% Cr, and 12.5-14.5 wt% Mo on the dielectric layer. A first layer in contact with it, a barrier layer consisting of niobium and zirconium on the IR reflective layer and in contact with it, a second dielectric layer consisting of silicon nitride on the IR reflective layer and in contact with it, and an additional coating layer consisting of zirconium oxide in contact with the second insulating layer.

Specific illustrative examples relate to coated materials and/or insulating glass units made by one of the above methods and/or the other.

Brief explanation of the drawings:

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a coated article consisting of a single IR reflective layer and barrier layers of a ternary alloy containing nickel according to an illustrative example of this invention.

Figure 2a)-(b) are cross-sectional views of coated materials consisting of a single IR reflective layer and barrier layers of NixCryMox according to an illustrative example of this invention.

Figure 3a)-(c) are cross-sectional views of coated materials consisting of a single IR reflective layer and barrier layers of NiCrMo, NiTi, and/or NiCr according to an illustrative example of this invention.

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional projection of a coated article consisting of at least two IR reflective layers and barrier layers of a ternary alloy containing nickel according to an illustrative example of this invention.

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional projection of a coated material consisting of at least two IR reflective and barrier layers of Hastelloy alloy according to an illustrative example of this invention.

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a coated article consisting of an IR reflective layer, and a first and second reflective layer provided on each side of the IR reflective layer in accordance with another illustrative example of this invention.

Figure 7 is a cross-sectional projection of a coated article consisting of an IR reflective layer, first nickel-containing barrier layers aligned with the IR reflective layer, and second metal barrier layers aligned with the first barrier layers, according to another illustrative example of the invention. .

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional projection of a coated article consisting of an IR reflective layer, first barrier layers containing C22 aligned with the IR reflective layer, and second barrier layers of NbZr aligned with the first barrier layers, according to another illustrative example of the invention. .

Figure 9 is a cross-sectional projection of a coated article consisting of at least two IR-reflecting layers, a first nickel-containing barrier layers aligned with the IR-reflecting layers, and a second metal-containing barrier layers aligned with the first barrier layers, according to another illustrative example of the invention. .

Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of a coated article consisting of an IR reflective layer, and first and second reflective layers provided on each side of the IR reflective layer such that the barrier layers are closest to and farthest from the substrate. The glass is sandwiched between two insulating layers according to another illustrative example of this invention.

Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of a coated article consisting of at least two IR reflective layers, and a first and second reflective layer provided on each side of the IR reflective layer such that the barrier layers are closest to and farthest from the substrate. The glass is sandwiched between two insulating layers according to another illustrative example of this invention.

Figure 12 is a cross-sectional projection of a coated article consisting of an IR reflective layer, a first barrier layer of NiTi, a second barrier layer of NiCr, and a third barrier layer of metal oxide, according to another illustrative example of this invention.

Figure 13 is a cross-sectional projection of a coated article consisting of at least two IR reflective layers, a first barrier layer of NiTi, a second barrier layer of NiCr, and a third barrier layer of metal oxide, according to another illustrative example of this invention.

Figure 14 is a cross-sectional projection of a coated article consisting of a NiCrMo functional layer, according to a further illustrative example of this invention.

Figure 15 is a cross-sectional projection of a coated article consisting of a functional layer of C22 sandwiched between two insulating layers of silicon nitride, and an additional coating of zirconium oxide according to another illustrative example of the invention.

Figure 16 is a cross-sectional projection of a coated article consisting of a functional layer of C22, a barrier layer of NbZr, sandwiched between insulating layers with additional zirconium oxide coating according to the illustrative examples of the invention.

Detailed description:

Referring now to the drawings in which the reference numbers are shown as parts throughout the many scenes.

Coated materials can be used here in coated material applications

Such as modular windows, IG window units, vehicle windows, and/or other suitable applications that include one or more substrates such as glass substrates.

As described above, in certain cases. IR reflective layers (e.g., silver layers) in low-e coatings may need to be protected from damage due to deposition processes, thermal oxidation, corrosion, moisture, and/or chemical attacks. and/or difficult environments. For example, the oxygen in the plasma used to deposit the dependent layers can be highly ionic and the silver layer may need to be protected from it. Also, in post-deposition processes, the silver layer can be exposed to oxygen, moisture, acids, bases, and/or the like. This can be especially true if a layer placed between the silver layer and the atmosphere shows any imperfections, such that the silver layer is not completely covered (eg, scratches, pin holes, etc.).

For example, degradation of coatings including layers consisting of silver can also be due to physical rebuilding of the silver in the layer and the resulting disintegration of the upper layers upon heating, in certain examples. Problems can arise during heat treatment in certain illustrative examples. In these cases, oxygen can diffuse into the silver layer. In certain examples, oxygen reaching the silver layers can affect their properties, such as by reducing the toughness of the sheet, affecting emission, and/or producing haze, etc. Performance degradation can be caused by the layer group. In other cases, silver clumps can cause blemishes.

In certain examples, barrier layers may be used with silver (and/or other IR reflective) layers in low-E coatings in order to reduce the occurrence of some or all of the above problems. In certain illustrative cases, barrier layers can form a thin protective oxide layer around the silver, improving the corrosion resistance, chemical durability and/or mechanical durability of the plated material.

Certain examples of this invention relate to a coated article including at least a glass substrate that supports the coating. The coating contains an IR reflective layer that reflects and/or blocks at least some of the IR radiation. The IR reflective layer(s) may be or include a material such as silver, gold, NiCr, and/or ternary alloys thereof, or the like, in various examples of the invention. Often, an IR reflective layer is placed between at least the first and second contact layers of the coating.

In light of the above, it could be useful to provide a barrier layer consisting of a ternary alloy containing nickel. In certain examples, the barrier layer may include materials such as nickel, chromium, and/or molybdenum (e.g., Haynes alloys such as C22, BC1, and/or B3). In further illustrative examples, a ternary alloy containing chromium may include titanium, chromium, niobium, zirconium, molybdenum, and/or combinations thereof. In certain examples, a nickel-containing ternary alloy barrier layer (e.g., including materials such as nickel, chromium, and/or molybdenum, etc.) may (1) have sufficient adhesion to the IR reflective layer, (2) ) improved corrosion resistance to acidic and/or alkaline solutions, (3) protection during high-temperature oxidation, and (4) improved overall chemical and/or mechanical durability. In other examples, such advantages may arise from the use of a nickel, chromium, and/or molybdenum layer as an IR reflective layer and/or other functional layer, rather than as a barrier layer.

Furthermore, in illustrative examples, more than one barrier layer may be provided. It has been found usefully that providing at least two barrier layers on one side of the IR reflective layer (and in some cases on both sides) can yield the aforementioned advantages. In certain examples, a nickel-containing alloy or nickel-containing ternary alloy may be used in conjunction with an IR reflective layer, and a material that provides good corrosion resistance and good chemical and mechanical durability may be selected as the second barrier layer.

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional projection of a coated article according to an illustrative example of this invention. In certain illustrative examples, the coated article shown in Figure 1 may be used as a uniform window with a low-E coating on surfaces 1 and/or 2, such that the low-E coating includes an IR reflective layer 11 only. However, in other illustrative examples, the coated article in Figure 1 could have more layers. Furthermore, a coated article in accordance with the illustrative examples shown here may be used in an insulated glass unit, rendering the coating(s) on surface 1, 2, 3, and/or 4 in a light uniform window With the coating against the interlayer on surfaces 2 and/or 3, or displayed on surface 1 or 4, in laminated insulating glass units, with outer sheets with the coating against the interlayer on surfaces 2 and/or 3, or displayed on the surface 4, In laminated insulating glass units, with inner sheets with coated material width article on surfaces 3 and/or 6 or make them on surfaces 4 and/or 5, depending on different illustrations and applications. In other words, this coating can be used uniformly, in insulating glass units consisting of two or more substrates, or more than once in a glazing unit, and can be provided on any surface of the unit in various examples.

The coated article includes a glass substrate 1 (e.g., clear, green, bronze or bluish-green glass block with a thickness of from about 0.1 to 10.1 mm, more preferably from 0.1 mm to 0.6 mm) and a double-layer coating 35 (or a system layer) is provided on the template either directly or indirectly.

As shown in Figure 1, the coating 35 includes the optional dielectric layer(s) 3 and/or 5, and a first barrier layer 7 consisting of a ternary alloy containing nickel, which can include nickel, titanium, and/or Or chromium,/or niobium,/or zirconium and/or myllybdenum and/or tinjette and/or cobalt or combinations of them (for example, nixcrymoz, nixtiycrz, nixtiynbz, nixnbyzrz, or nixcryzrz, or nixtiy Moz, or nixzrymoz, or nixnbvmoz, Or NixCryMoz, or NixWyCrz, or NixWyMoz, or NixWyZrz, NixWyNbz, NixWyTiz, NixCoyMoz, NixCoyCrz, NixCoyMoz, NixCoyZrz, NixCoyNbz or NixCoyTiz), the IR reflective layer 9 including one or more silver, gold or the like, and as a second barrier layer 11 consisting of A ternary alloy containing nickel, which may be or include nickel, nickel and/or titanium and/or chromium and/or niobium and/or zirconium and/or molybdenum and/or tungsten and/or cobalt or combinations thereof (e.g. NixCryMoz, NixTiyCrz, NixTiyNbz, NixNbyZrz, NixCryZrz, NixTiyMoz, NixZryMoz, 12 NixNbyMo2, NixCryMoz, NixWyCr2, NixWyMo2, NixWyZr2, NixWyNbz, NixWyTi2, NixCoyMoz, NixCoyCrz, NixCoyMoz, NixCoyZrz, NixCoyNbz, Vo NixCoy Tiz) and optional dielectric layer(s) 13, which may be a coating Additional in specific examples. Layers and/or other materials may also be provided in certain illustrative examples of this invention, and it is possible that certain layers may be removed or subdivided in certain illustrative examples. The layers may include 3, 5 and/or 13 or more dielectric layers. Insulating layers 3, 5, and 13 may be or include silicon nitride, silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, tin oxide, titanium oxide, and/or any other insulating material. Optional additional coating 16 can be provided for specific examples. In other examples, it may be excluded. In certain examples, where an optional additional coating 16 is provided, the layer 16 may be or include zirconium. The zirconium layer can be partially or completely oxidized in various examples. In further examples, layer 16 may consist of an oxide from an alloy of zirconium, such as ZrxMoyOz, ZrAlOx and/or TiZrOx. These materials can usefully contribute to improving the frictional properties and/or partitioning properties of the coating and/or coated material. Other subdivision layers may be provided elsewhere in the coating in other examples. In certain illustrative examples, the layer may be deposited at least initially in the form of zirconium nitride.

The IR reflective layer 9 shall preferably be partly and/or entirely metallic and/or conductive, and may include or consist mainly of silver, gold, or other suitable IR reflective material. The IR 9 reflective layer helps allow the coating to have good emissivity reduction and/or solar control properties such as low emissivity, low sheet durability and so on. The reflective layer of IR 9 can however be lightly oxidized in certain examples of this invention.

The IR reflective layers shown in Figure 1 and shown herein may include or consist of silver in substantially different examples. Therefore, it will be assessed that certain illustrative examples could include silver alloys. In such cases, silver may be alloyed with an appropriate amount of zirconium, titanium, nickel, chromium and/or palladium, and/or combinations thereof. In certain examples, silver may be alloyed with both palladium and copper, with about 0.5 to 2% (by weight or atomic percentage) of both palladium and copper. Other possible alloys include silver and one or more cobalt, carbon, magnesium, tantalum, tungsten, NiMg, PdGa, CoW, Si, Ge, and/or Au, Pt, Ru, Sn, Al, Mn, V, In, Zn, Ir, and Rh. In general, mixing concentrations can be in the range of 0.2 to 5% (by weight or atomic percentage), preferably between 0.2 and 2.5%. Operating in these ranges can help the silver maintain the desired visual properties of the silver layer that would otherwise be lost by mixing, thus helping to maintain the overall visual properties of the bulk while enhancing chemical durability, durability against corrosion and/or mechanical durability. . Silver alloy target materials can be sputtered using a single target, deposited by assisted sputtering using two (or more) targets, etc. In addition to providing improved corrosion resistance, the use of silver alloys in certain examples can help reduce the diffusion of silver at high temperatures while also helping to reduce or prevent the movement of oxygen in large layers. This can further enhance the diffusion of the silver and can alter the grading and textural properties of the silver potentially causing poor durability.

In certain examples, the barrier layer 7 may be or include zinc oxide. It will also be appreciated that the first and second layers of the ternary alloy containing nickel 7 and 11 can have the same compositions or different compositions in different examples of the invention.

The insulating layer 13 may consist of or include silicon nitride, silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, tin oxide, titanium oxide, or the like. The insulating layer 13 can include more than one single layer in certain illustrative examples.

Furthermore, the insulating layer 13 can serve as an additional protective coating in some cases. It has also been usefully found that the use of a ternary alloy containing nickel in these layers allows for improved corrosion resistance, and/or better chemical or mechanical durability. It is believed that the use of a ternary alloy containing nickel (and/or oxide and/or nitride and/or xintride of that alloy) forms a protective layer on the boundaries of the silver crystals.

This can result in a coated article with better resistance to corrosion and/or moisture, and better chemical durability, in certain illustrative examples. Furthermore, it is believed that the diffusion of oxygen will be reduced due to the formation of thin protective oxide layers around the IR reflective layer, which can help improve corrosion resistance, chemical durability and mechanical durability in certain illustrative examples. In certain examples, the nickel-containing ternary alloy may consist of nickel, chromium, and/or molybdenum. Nickel alloys containing nickel can be able to resist various corrosion environments, high temperatures, high pressures, and a combination of these factors, for example. However, in some cases, nickel can provide good corrosion resistance in normal environments, but can be affected by high temperatures, moisture, and/or acid effects. Therefore, chromium may be added to provide improved corrosion resistance to acidic solutions in certain examples. Chromium can also provide protection from oxidation due to high temperatures in other examples.

However, a barrier layer consisting, or mainly composed, of nickel and/or chromium can still be improved. For example, a layer consisting mainly of NiCr that has been deposited and heated in air (which can form NiCr oxide) can undergo corrosion and/or cutting when exposed to hot acidic and alkaline solutions. A NiCr layer can be cut by heating in (1) 20% NaOH (65 C, for 1 hour), (2) 50% H2S04 (65 C, for 1 hour), and in (3) 5% HC1 (65 degree of carbon, for an hour). Moreover, when exposed to boiling water (100 °C, for 1 hour), it was observed that the heated NiCr became cloudy. This could be due to the formation of chlorides and/or hydrides.

As another example, a coated layer containing NiCr (e.g., one that is partially or less oxidized than a heated layer containing NiCr) may be cut with 50% H2S04 (65°C, 1 hour) and 5% HCI (65°C, 1 hour) . It can therefore be seen that the IR reflective layer (eg, consisting of silver), can be vulnerable to chemical influences and/or harsh environments (eg, in hot and/or humid environments). Hence, there is a need for an improved barrier layer. This may be partly true for applications where the coated material will be used uniformly or on the outside of an insulated glass unit or laminate assembly, because the covering can be exposed to the elements in certain illustrative examples.

Therefore, in standardized applications, where a coating is provided, in insulating glass units where coatings are provided on surface 1 (e.g., to prevent condensation), and/or 4 (e.g. to improve U-value) and other cases where those coatings are directly exposed to the environment, There may be a desire to use those materials with better corrosion resistance, and/or better chemical and mechanical durability, for example, to protect silver layers.

It has been found that molybdenum can improve acid resistance, especially when used with nickel, as well as lumen and longitudinal corrosion, in certain illustrative examples. Furthermore, molybdenum can provide improved properties, especially when used with chromium, with respect to corrosion due to alkaline solutions. It has thus been found useful that the use of NiCrMo alloys around a layer of silver can provide improved corrosion resistance, and improved chemical and/or mechanical durability in large low-emission amounts. Deposited and cured, NiCrMo films can provide coatings with improved performance compared to barrier layers composed of and/or primarily nickel and chromium.

It has been usefully found that alloys composed of NiCrMo (e.g., C22, BC1, and/or B3 Hallestoy) can protect a coating containing at least one silver layer better than layers consisting mainly of nickel and chromium in some cases. Furthermore, NiCrMo alloy can protect the coated article from visible damage in additional examples. It is additionally believed that the NiCrMo alloy can be formed with an upper dielectric layer (e.g., layer 13) in the coating, which can also improve the performance of the layer against alkaline solutions and boiling water. This can be true in examples where the insulating layer is silicone. For example, materials consisting of MoSi are used as heaters at high temperatures because of their good resistance to heat and corrosion.

Table 1: First Illustration NixCryMoz (Example, C22) - Initial Composition by Weight Percentage

Element

Preferred ratio

The most preferred ratio

Example

Ni

40-70٪

50-60٪

54-58% (example 56%)

Cr

5-40٪

10-30٪>

20-22.5٪

Mo

5-30٪

10-20٪

12.5-14.5٪

Fe

0-15٪

0-10٪

1-5% (example 3%)

W

0-15٪

0-10٪

1-5% (example 3%)

Co

0-15٪

0-10٪

1-5% (example 3%)

Si

0-2٪

0-1٪

= <0.2% (example .08%)

Mn

0-3٪

0-2٪

=<l%(example 0.5%)

C

0-1٪

0-0.5٪

=<0.1% (example .01%)

In certain examples, silver may be alloyed with both palladium and copper, with about 0.5 to 2% (by weight or atomic percentage) of both palladium and copper. Other possible alloys include silver and one or more cobalt, carbon, magnesium, tantalum, tungsten, NiMg, PdGa, CoW, Si, Ge, and/or Au, Pt, Ru, Sn, Al, Mn, V, In, Zn, Ir, and Rh. In general, dopant concentrations can be in the range of 0.2 to 5% (by weight or atomic percentage), preferably between 0.2 and 2.5%.

Vanadium 0-2% 0-1% =<1%(eg, 0.35%)

A! -

titanium -

Table 2: Second illustrative example NixCryMoz (example, B3) - initial composition by weight percentage

Element

Preferred ratio

The most preferred ratio

Example

nickel

50-80٪

60-70٪

63-67% (eg, 65%)

chromium

0-15٪

0-5٪

1-2% (eg, 1.5%)

molybdenum

10-50٪

20-40٪

25-30- (example, 28.5%)

Iron

0-10٪

0-5٪

1-4% (eg, 3%)

Tungsten

0-15٪

0-10٪

1-5% (eg, 3%)

Cobalt

0-15٪

0-10٪

1-5% (eg, 3%)

Silicon

0-2٪

0-1٪

=<0.2%(eg, 0.1%)

Manganese

0-15٪

0-10٪

1-5% (eg, 3%)

Carbon

0-1٪

0-0.5٪

=<1%(example, 0.01%)

Vanadium

-

-

-

Aluminum

0-3٪

0-2٪

=<1%(examples, 0.5%)

titanium

0-2٪

0-1٪

=<0.5%(example, 0.2%)

Table 3: Second Illustration NixCryMoz (Example, BC1) - Elemental Composition by Weight Percent Preferred Element Most Preferred Element Example nickel 50-80% 60-70%60-65% (Example, 62%)

chromium

5-30٪

10-20٪

12-17% (eg, 15%)

molybdenum

10-40٪

15-25٪

20-25% (example, 22%)

Iron

0-10٪

0-5٪

13-% (example, 2%)

Tungsten

-

-

-

Cobalt

-

-

-

Silicon

0-2٪

0-1٪

=<0.2% (e.g. .08%)

Manganese

0-5٪

0-2٪

=<0.5%(example, 0.25%)

Carbon

0-1٪

0-0.5٪

=<0.1%(example, 0.01%)

Vanadium

-

-

-

Aluminum

0-3٪

0-2٪

=<1%(example, 0.5%)

titanium

_

_

Figure 2(a) includes coating 35. Figure 2(a) is based on Figure 1, except that Figure 2(a) specifies the composition of layers 7 and 11 for an alloy consisting of NiCrMo. In certain illustrative examples, layers 7 and/or 11 may additionally form iron, tungsten, chromium and/or titanium, in fairly small amounts, as shown above in Table 1.

Figure 2(b) includes the coating 35. Figure 2(b) is based on Figures 1 and 2(b), except that Figure 2(b) specifically specifies that layers 7 and 11 be composed of or include Hastelloy C22 alloy and specifies that the coating Extra on zirconium.

Figure 3(b) shows a different illustrative example. In the example of Figure 3(a), various nickel-containing alloys can be advantageously used within a single coating 36 in order to further improve the coating properties. In the illustrative examples associated with Figures 3(a) and 3(c), the alloy containing nickel does not have to be ternary. In some cases, the nickel-containing alloy can be single, or it can be composed of three metals. For example, layer 7 can be or include NiCr (and/or its oxide and/or nitride), while layer 11 can be or include NiTi (and/or its oxide and/or nitride). In certain illustrative examples, for large layers in which layers 7 and 11 are NiTi, the sheet resistance will be 25-45% lower than for large layers in which layers 7 and 11 are NiCr, or preferably 30-40% lower. %, and it is more preferable that the percentage be at least 34%.

As another example, layer 7 may be or contain NiCr (and/or its oxide and/or nitride), while layer 11 may be or contain NixCryMo2 (e.g., C22 alloy). In certain illustrative examples, for a large amount of layers where layer 7 is NiCr and layer 11 is NixCryMo2, the sheet resistance is 20-35% lower than for a large amount of layers where layers 7 and 11 are NiCr, preferably 20-35% lower. 25 to 30%, preferably at least 28%.

Thus, in illustrative examples, layer 7 can be of or comprise at least one of NiCr, NixCryMoz (e.g., C22, B3, BC1, etc.) and NiTi, and layer 11 can be of or comprise at least one of NiCr, NixCryMoz (eg. C22, B3, BC1, etc.), and NiTi as long as the material chosen for layer 7 is different from that for layer 11.

Figure 3(b) shows coated article 1 supporting coating 36. Figure 3(b) is based on Figure 3(a), except that Figure 3(b) specifically requires that layer 7 be of or include NiCr (and/ or its oxide and/or nitride) and Layer 11 shall be of or include NiTi (and/or its oxide and/or nitride).

Figure 3(c) shows coated article 1 supporting coating 36. Figure 3(c) is based on Figure 3(a), except that Figure 3(c) specifically requires that layer 7 be of or include NiCr (and/ or its oxide and/or nitride) and Layer 11 shall be of or include NixCryMo2 (and/or its oxide and/or nitride).

As explained above, a coating according to Figure 3(a)(c) can advantageously have a significantly reduced lamellar resistance, for example, compared to a coating comprising only NiCr barrier layers.

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional projection of a coated article according to an illustrative example of the invention.

In specific examples, the coated material shown in Figure 4 can be used as a uniform window with a low-E coating with two IR reflective layers. The coated article includes a glass substrate1 (e.g., clear, green, bronze, or teal glass substrate 1.0 to 10.0 mm thick, more preferably .0 to 6.0 mm thick), and a double-layer coating (or layer system ) 45 is supplied to the substrate either directly or indirectly. An example of Figure 4 includes a glass substrate 1, insulating layer(s) 3 and/or 5, a ternary alloy containing nickel 7, a layer of silver 9, a ternary alloy containing nickel 11, a layer of silver 19, and a ternary alloy alloy containing nickel 21, insulating layer(s) 13, and an optional additional coating layer 7. Layers 7, 11, and/or 21 may be of or include any and/or all of the illustrative material described herein with respect to layer 7 in the particular example Figure 1. Likewise, layers 9 and 11 of silver can be in the form of silver bullion as shown here. Insulating layers 3, 5, 13 and 16 are optional. These layers can include any of the materials described here for those layers. Some, all, or none of these layers can be provided according to different illustrative examples.

Figure 5 is based on Figure 4 and includes the coating 45. Figure 5 specifies that layers 7, 9, and 11 can be NiCrMo alloys (e.g., C22, BC1, and/or B3).

Other illustrative examples, such as those shown in Figure 6, relate to another aspect of certain illustrative examples of the invention referred to above. In illustrative examples, it has been found that providing two barrier layers on each side or either side of the functional layer (e.g., an IR reflective layer could be composed of silver).

More particularly, 6 is a cross-sectional projection of a coated article according to an illustrative example of the invention. The coated article includes a glass substrate 1 (e.g., clear, green, bronze, or bluish-green glass block with a thickness of about 0.1 to 10.1 mm, more preferably 0.1 mm to 0.6 mm) and a double-layer coating 50 (or layer system ) is provided on the template either directly or indirectly. The coating 50 is supported by the glass substrate 1 and includes the optional dielectric layer(s) 3 and/or 5, the first and second barrier layers 8/10 and 6/12 between the silver layer 9, the insulating layer(s) 13, and the optional additional coating layer 16 .

The optional dielectric layer(s) 3, 5, and 13 may be of or include silicon nitride, silicon oxide, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, tin oxide, and any suitable insulating material. All, some, or none of these layers can be provided depending on different illustrative examples. In additional examples, each such layer may include one or more separate layers.

Optional additional coatings 16 may be provided on certain examples. In other examples, it may be excluded. In certain examples, where an optional additional coating 16 is provided, the layer 16 may be or include zirconium. The zirconium layer can be partially and/or completely oxidized in certain cases. In additional examples, layer 16 may include a zirconium oxide alloy, such as ZrxMoy02, ZrAlOx, and/or TiZrOx. These materials can usefully contribute to improving the frictional properties and/or partitioning properties of the coating and/or coated material.

Referring to Figure 6, barrier layers 6 and 12 may consist of a material selected for improved corrosion resistance and/or enhanced chemical and mechanical durability. The adhesive between “Barrier 1” layers 8 and 10 (described in detail below) and “Barrier 2” layers 6 and 12 is useful for certain demonstration purposes. In certain examples, layers 6 and 12 may adhere particularly well to layers 8 and 10, as well as to the insulating layer 12. Furthermore, the materials for layers 6 and 12 may be chemically compatible with the materials used for layers 8 and 10 in certain examples.

For heat-curable (eg, tunable) coatings, in some examples it may be desired that the materials used for layers 6 and 12 be thermally stable. It may also be desirable in certain examples that such materials do not visually or physically impede the performance of such coatings significantly after heat treatment.

In light of the above, it has been usefully found that the “barrier 2” layers 6 and 12 could be composed of niobium and/or zirconium and/or titanium and/or chromium. For example, layers 6 and 12 can consist of NbZr, Zr, TiCr, and/or TiNb. These materials provide good corrosion resistance and chemical resistance to ductile and/or heat-treated coatings in specific examples. In certain examples, TiCr can be used as a “barrier 2” when coating the coating. In further examples, zirconium, NbZr and/or TiNb may be used for layers 6 and/or 12 when the coating is heat cured.

Referring to the example of Figure 6, an alloy of nickel can be used along layer 9, which consists of silver. In specific examples, layers 8 and 10 may be “barrier 1” which are closest to the layer consisting of silver or including nickel. Layers 8 and 10 may additionally include one or more chromium, molybdenum, and/or titanium. NiCrMo and/or NiTi may be used for layers 8 and/or 10 in certain illustrative examples. It has been found useful that the use of these materials for layers 8 and/or 10, near or adjacent to the silver layer, can provide better adhesion and chemical compatibility with the layer containing silver. In certain illustrative examples, not only can nickel alone provide strong corrosion resistance, but the potential of the alloy can be beneficially shifted when mixed with nickel in the positive direction , thus providing better protection for the silver. In certain examples, NiTi (e.g., thermally enhanced and/or thermally tuned) can provide improved performance, especially with respect to optic durability.

In addition, the above materials for layers 8 and 10 can provide improved silver dissipation in certain illustrative examples. It is believed that providing better properties of silver can help achieve better optical properties such as dissipation. It is currently additionally believed that providing a NiTiOx layer adjacent to a silver layer can reduce agglomeration and premature coalescence of the silver film in certain examples.

Figure 7 is based on Figure 6, and in Figure 7 the coating 50 includes layers 6 and 12 consisting of NbZr, zirconium and/or TiNb and layers 8 and 10 consisting of barrier layers. In further illustrative examples, zirconium, NbZr and/or TiNb may be used for layers 6 and/or 12 containing nickel.

Figure 8 is also based on Figure 6 and shows a typical illustrative example. In Figure 8, the coating 50 consists of a dielectric layer of silicon nitride (the optional dielectric layer 1 is omitted), a first layer 6 of barrier 2 consisting of NbZr, and a first layer 8 of barrier 1 consisting of The IR reflective layer 9, the second barrier 1 layer 10 consisting of C22, the second barrier 2 layer 12 consisting of NbZr, and the dielectric layer 13 consisting of silicon nitride, which can also serve as an additional protective coating in some examples. However, in other illustrative examples, a separate additional protective coating may be provided. In certain examples, layer 16 may be zirconium, and may be of or including zirconium oxide or an alloy thereof. It may also additionally include aluminum, titanium, and/or molybdenum.

Figure 9 is also similar to the example of Figure 6, but Figure 9 is oriented towards a double plating of silver 60. Figure 9 includes a glass substrate1, dielectric layer(s) 3 and/or the first barrier 2 layer 6, first barrier 1 layer 8, IR reflective layer 9 consisting of silver, and barrier 1 layer 10 The second “Barrier 2” layer 10, the third “Barrier 1” layer 18, the second silver IR reflective layer 19, the fourth “barrier 1” layer 20, the fourth “barrier 2” layer 22, and the fourth “barrier 2” layer 20 (13 insulating layers, and an additional optical coating layer. In Fig. 9, layers 8, 10, 18 and/or 20 of barrier 1 may be of or including any of the materials described herein in relation to layers 8 or 10 of barrier 1. In certain examples the barrier layer 18 may be Or include certain materials compared to barrier layers 8 and 10. Layers 6, 12 and 22 of barrier 2 may be of or include any of the materials described herein in relation to layer 6 and/or 12 of barrier 2. Some or all of barrier layers 3, 5 and/or 13 may or may not be present. Which ones according to the illustrative examples. Insulating layers 3, 5, and 13 may be or include silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, titanium oxide, and/or any other insulating material. In other examples, a separate additional protective coating may be provided. In certain illustrative examples, layer 16 may be of zirconium, and may be of or including zirconium oxide and/or an alloy thereof, which optionally also includes aluminum, titanium and/or molybdenum. Other insulating layers may be provided at other positions in the coating in other examples.

Figure 10 shows coating 50″, similar to coating 50 shown in Figure 6. However, coating 50″ additionally includes insulating layers 14 and/or 15. In certain examples, such insulating layers may be provided between barrier 1 and barrier 2 under the silver 9 layer, and may also be provided between barrier 2 and the V barrier above the silver 9 layer. In certain examples in accordance with Figure 10, layers 6 and 12 of barrier 2 located between the insulating layers may improve the chemical and/or mechanical durability of those layers and/ Or paint in general. Furthermore, the inclusion of insulating layers 14 and/or 15 in the silver layer coating can advantageously protect against corrosion and/or scratching. In certain illustrative examples, the layers 14 and/or 15 may include silicon nitride, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, tin oxide, and/or a suitable insulating material. Furthermore, in certain illustrative examples layers 14 and/or 15 may be dense.

Figure 11 shows a coating 60", similar to the coating 60 of Figure 9, except that the coating 60" additionally includes insulating layers 14 and/or 15. These layers are similar to the layers 14 and/or 15 described above. Layers 14 and 15 also include “barrier 2” layers between them, which are successively closer to and farther from the glass substrate. In the example of Figure 11, layers 6 and 22 are located between insulating layers 3 and/or 5, 14, 15 and 13, respectively.

Figures 12 and 13 are cross-sectional views of coated materials according to the illustrative examples of the invention. In Figure 12, the coated article includes a glass substrate 1 (e.g. clear, green or teal glass substrate 0.1 to 0.10 mm, more preferably 0.1 to 0.6 mm), and a two-layer coating 75 (or layer system) is provided on the substrate directly or indirectly. Figure 12 includes insulating layer(s) 3 and/or 5, barrier layer 7 and/or 8, silver layer 9, barrier layer 10', barrier layer 10' and barrier layer 24 as well as insulating layer(s) 13, which can be utilized As an additional coating and/or topcoat depending on the different examples the insulating layers can be 3.5, 5 and 13 or include silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, titanium oxide and/or any other insulating material Elsewhere in the paint in other examples. In other examples, a separate additional protective coating may be provided. In certain examples, layer 16 may be zirconium, and may be of or including zirconium oxide or an alloy thereof which optionally includes aluminum, titanium and/or molybdenum.

In Figure 12, the barrier layers 6, 7 and/or 8 may be of or include the materials shown in relation to layer 7 of Figures 1 2 consisting of a ternary alloy containing nickel, and the layer(s) 8 and/or 10 For “barrier 1”, consisting of or including nickel, chromium, molybdenum and/or titanium and layer(s) 6 and/or 12 for “barrier 2” consisting of or including niobium, zirconium and/or titanium and/ Or chromium and/or niobium. In some examples, only one of layers 6, 7, and 8 will be present in the example of Figure 12. However, in other examples, there may be more layers.

Figure 12 further includes the barrier layer 10', the barrier layer 10', and the barrier layer 16. In certain illustrative examples, the barrier layer 10' may include nickel bonded to the silver layer 9. In particular, in certain illustrative examples, the layer 10' may be Of or including nickel and/or titanium or its oxide (e.g. NixTiyOz The 10" layer may be of or including nickel and/or chromium or its oxide and the 10" layer can increase the mechanical strength of the overall coating in certain examples). Finally, layer 24 can be a “barrier oxide” (BOx) layer in certain examples. In certain illustrative examples, layer 24 of Ochan may be a barrier layer. In further illustrative examples, zirconium, NbZr, and/or TiNb may be used for layers 6 and/or 12, WCr, WMo, WZr, WNb, WTi, CoMo, /or CoCr, and/or CoZr, and/or CoNb and/or CoTi. In certain examples, providing a barrier layer 16 can improve the durability of the coating.

Figure 13 is based on Figure 12, but includes a two-coat IR 85 reflective coating. In certain illustrative examples, the coated article shown in Figure 13 may be used as a uniform window with a low-emissivity two-coat IR reflective coating. In Figure 13, the coated article includes a glass substrate 1 (e.g. clear, green or teal glass substrate 0.1 to 0.10 mm, more preferably 1.0 to 6.0 mm), and a two-layer coating 85 (or layer system) is provided on the substrate directly or indirectly. Figure 12 includes insulating layer(s) 3 and/or 5, barrier layer 7 and/or 8, silver layer 9, barrier layer 10', barrier layer 10' and barrier layer 24 as well as insulating layer(s) 13, which can be utilized As an additional coating and/or top coating according to the various examples and in other examples, a separate additional protective coating layer may be provided. In certain illustrative examples, Layer 16 may be of zirconium, and may be of or including zirconium oxide and/or any alloy thereof, which optionally additionally includes aluminum, titanium and/or molybdenum. Insulating layers 3, 5 and 13 may be of or including silicon nitride, silicon oxide, silicon nitride, tin oxide, titanium oxide and/or any other suitable material. Other subdivision layers may be provided elsewhere in the coating in other examples.

In Figure 13, the barrier layers 6, 7 and/or 8 may be of or include the materials shown in relation to layer 7 of Figures 1 2 consisting of a ternary alloy containing nickel, and the layer(s) 8 and/or 10 For “barrier 1”, consisting of or including nickel, chromium, molybdenum and/or titanium and layer(s) 6 and/or 12 for “barrier 2” consisting of or including niobium, zirconium and/or titanium and/ Or chromium and/or niobium. In some examples, only one of layers 6, 7, and 8 will be present in the example of Figure 13. However, in other examples, there may be more layers.

In Figure 13, the barrier layers may be 10', 10" and 24 of or include the materials described herein for layers 10', 10" and 24 in the example of Figure 12.

In other examples, the barrier layer materials above the silver layer may differ from the barrier layer materials available below the silver layer. The possible AH combinations of barrier layers shown here can be used for any significant amounts of layers shown in the figures shown here.

In certain illustrative examples, the binary, ternary, quaternary, etc. alloys described herein may be sputtered from a single metal and/or ceramic target, or may be jointly sputtered from two or three targets (metal or ceramic) in different examples.

Figure 14 is a cross-sectional projection of a coated article according to an illustrative example of this invention. In specific examples, the coated material shown in Figure 14 can be used as a uniform window with a single functional layer. The coated article includes a glass substrate 1, (e.g. a clear, green or teal glass substrate of 0.1 to 0.10 mm, more preferably 0.1 to 0.6 mm) and a multilayer coating 100 (or layer system) provided on a substrate either Directly or indirectly. Figure 14 includes a glass substrate 1, optional dielectric layers 3 and/or 5, a functional layer 9' consisting of a NiCrMo alloy (e.g., C22, B3, BC1, etc.), an optional dielectric layer 13 and an optional additional coating 16. Other layers may be included In that paint. Layer 13 may be of or include silicon oxide, nitride, oxynitride, titanium oxide, tin and/or the like. In certain examples, layer 16 may be zirconium, and may be of or including zirconium oxide or an alloy thereof which optionally includes aluminum, titanium and/or molybdenum.

Figure 15 shows an illustrative example based on the example of Figure 14. Figure 15 includes the 100' coating. In Figure 15, the insulating layer 15 consists of silicon nitride and the insulating layer 5 is excluded. It is noted that any insulating layer(s) shown herein may be excluded according to various illustrative examples. Furthermore, these layers can be subdivided, or additional layers can be introduced depending on other illustrative examples. Layer 9' is the functional layer of the coating and consists of C22 in the example of Figure 15. The insulating layer 13, which may include one or more insulating layers as described above, consists of silicon nitride, and layer 13' consists of zirconium oxide. Layers containing ZrOx may be provided as an additional coating in various examples of this invention, including those shown and described above. In certain illustrative examples, a layer including SixNy may be provided as an additional coating, eg, as indicated above.

Figure 16 shows a further illustrative example based on the example of Figure 14. Figure 16 is similar to Figure 15 except that it additionally includes barrier layer 6/ Barrier layer 6 may consist of the material shown in Figures 6-9 with respect to “barrier layer 2”. The 6' layer can therefore serve as a barrier layer as shown in Figure 16. In other illustrative examples, the 6' layer can be of or include one or more of niobium, zirconium, titanium, and/or chromium.

The barrier layers described herein can be in the form of oxide and/or nitride depending on various illustrative examples. These layers can be deposited in the presence of oxygen and/or nitrogen and can be converted to oxide and/or nitride during further processing steps such as dependent layer deposition and/or heat treatment according to various illustrative examples of the invention.

Furthermore, the nickel-containing ternary alloys shown here can be tetragonal alloys or even have more than four materials depending on the different illustrative examples. In other words, although specific examples such as “ternary alloys” are given, it will be estimated that these materials will include three or more materials.

In additional examples, the layer consisting of or including NiCr and/or the target used to spray said layer may consist of NiCr in a ratio of 20:80, 40:60, 60:40, or 80:20 (by weight). The layer consisting of or including NiCr and/or the target used to spray said layer may consist of NiCr in a ratio of 20:80, 40:60, 60:40, or 80:20 (by weight). The layer consisting of or including NbCr and/or the target used to spray said layer may consist of NbCr in a ratio of 20:80, 40:60, 60:40, or 80:20 (by weight). The layer consisting of or including NbZr and/or the target used to spray said layer may consist of NbZr in a ratio of 20:80, 40:60, 60:40, or 80:20 (by weight). The barrier layers shown here can be of or include Haynes 214 alloy.

In certain illustrative examples, the coated article shown in Figures 1-16 may be used as a uniform window with a low-E coating on surfaces 1 and/or 2, where the low-E coating includes only one IR reflective layer. However, in other illustrative examples, the coated article in Figure 1 could have more layers. Furthermore, a coated article in accordance with the illustrative examples shown here may be used in an insulated glass unit, rendering the coating(s) on surface 1, 2, 3, and/or 4 in a light uniform window With the coating against the interlayer on surfaces 2 and/or 3, or displayed on surface 1 or 4, in laminated insulating glass units, with outer sheets with the coating against the interlayer on surfaces 2 and/or 3, or displayed on the surface 4, In laminated insulating glass units, with inner sheets with coated material width article on surfaces 3 and/or 6 or make them on surfaces 4 and/or 5, depending on different illustrations and applications. In other words, this coating can be used uniformly, in insulating glass units consisting of two or more substrates, or more than once in a glazing unit, and can be provided on any surface of the unit in various examples. However, in other illustrative examples, the coated article shown here can be used with any number of IR reflective layers and can be combined with any number of other glass substrates to create an insulated and/or laminated glass unit. The coatings can be used in connection with insulating glass units, vehicle glazing and any other applications, according to various examples.

Furthermore, Figures 1-16 shown here on Surface 1 can be used for applications where the coatings are directly exposed to the outside climate. In certain illustrative examples, this could include anti-condensation coatings. In other illustrative examples, this could include skylights, vehicle windows and/or windshields, insulating glass units, VIG units, refrigerators, doors and/or the like. The coatings in Figures 1-16 shown here can be applied to surface 4 of two insulating glass units, or surface 6 of three insulating glass units, to improve the U-factor value of the window. Coatings can also be used uniformly in applications such as exterior doors. In certain illustrative examples, the coatings described herein have demonstrated excellent durability, stability, low fogging, smoothness, and easy-to-clean properties in certain illustrative examples.

Other illustrative examples of coatings described herein, particularly for uniform applications, include anti-condensation coatings. The coatings described here can be used for surface 1 anti-condensation applications. This can enable the coating to survive in outdoor environments. In certain examples, the coating may have a low hemispherical emissivity such that the glass surface is more likely to block heat from the interior area. This can be useful to reduce the presence of condensation in them.

Another example application of the coatings described herein includes the use of the coating pattern or materials described herein for a surface 4 of an insulating glass unit (e.g., the surface away from the sun) that is exposed to indoor buildings. In these cases, the paint may be exposed to the atmosphere. In some cases, this can cause damage to the silver material in the layer assembly. However, through the use of the coating described herein, coatings including improved barrier materials and/or silver alloys can have improved corrosion resistance and better chemical and/or mechanical durability.

Although specific examples are shown as being related to low-e coatings, different barrier layers can be used in relation to the type of coatings.

A coated material as shown here (for example, see Figures 1-14) that may or may not be heat treated for specific examples. The terms “heat treatment” and “heat treatment” used here mean heating the material to a temperature sufficient to achieve thermal mixing and/or thermal strengthening of the glass material. This definition includes, for example, heating a coated article in an oven or heater at a temperature of at least 550°C, and more preferably at least 580°C, or at least 600°C, at least 620°C, and 650°C. At least Celsius, for a period sufficient to allow mixing and/or thermal hardening. This can be at least 2 minutes, or up to 10 minutes, in certain illustrative examples.

As described above, specific illustrative examples could include a low-E coating supported by a glass substrate. The material can be used to be coated in a uniform or lamellar alloy form on a glass or other substrate. The coated article can also be built into a single insulated glass unit. Insulating glass units generally consist of two parallel glass substrates, spaced apart by a distance between them. A seal is provided around the perimeter of the two substrates, and a gap (filled at least partially with an inert gas such as Ar, Xe, Kr, and/or the like) is provided between the two substrates.

As noted above, the illustrative examples shown here may be used in connection with low-emitting and/or condensation-resistant applications. Examples of low-emissivity and/or condensation-resistant coatings are shown, for example, application serial numbers 12/926,714, 12/923,082, 12/662,894, 12/659,196, 12/385,234, 12/385,802, 12/461,792, 12/591,611, and 12/12. 654,594, the full contents of which are incorporated herein for your reference. Thus, for example, one or more barrier layers herein may replace one or more layers comprising nickel and/or chromium in certain illustrative examples. In certain illustrative examples, one or more of the materials described herein may replace or supplement the IR-reflecting functional layer or layers (e.g. silver layer). Some or all of the layers shown here can be rendered by sputter deposition or any suitable method such as CVD, combustion deposition, etc.

As stated herein, the terms "upon" and "supported by" should not be construed to have two elements directly adjacent to each other unless explicitly stated. In other words, the first layer can be said to be “on” or “supported” by the second layer, even if one or more layers exist in between. While the invention is described in relation to what is currently the most preferred or practical example, it must be understood that the invention is not limited to the example described, but, on the contrary, is intended to include various appropriate modifications and arrangements existing within the meaning and scope of the claims thereto.