Fluid flow control device with retractable cannula

A fluid flow control device equipped with a retractable cannula

Fluid Flow Control Device with Retractable Cannula

Full description

Background of the invention

This invention relates to a means of controlling the flow of a fluid, and in a preferred embodiment, to a medical device comprising a cannula, often a needle, capable of being inserted into a patient for use in infusion, collection, or extraction of fluids. One aspect of the invention relates to a medical device comprising an actuator configured to modify the path of fluid flow between the cannula and an external fluid source or container following infusion or extraction. Another feature of the invention relates to a mechanism that acts as a tweezer when attached to a fluid flow line. Another feature of the invention relates to a mechanism that retracts the cannula into the device to prevent accidental needle injuries after use and to prevent reuse of contaminated cannula. Although the provided invention is specifically preferred for intravascular (“IV”) applications, it may also be advantageously used, for example, epidural, intraosseous, intraocular, and with any bodily fluid.

Intravascular infusion (“IV”) devices are known in the industry to deliver fluids and/or medications into a patient's body via a cannula attached to a tube. Intravascular infusion devices often have attached wings that facilitate grip during cannulation, help stabilize the device, and can be secured by restricting movement of the device during use. Blood collection methods work according to the same principle, but in reverse. Blood is collected from a vein or artery through a cannula connected through the body of the device to the blood collection vessel. Following the use of a conventional infusion or fluid collection system, the contaminated cannula may become contaminated with blood and/or other bodily fluids, and care must be taken to avoid reusing the device, to avoid injury to the health worker or patient by accidental needle stick, and thus to spread pathogens. Disease present in the blood. The use of caps or covers that must be placed over the cannula after it has been withdrawn from the patient’s body is not a sufficient solution because it increases the risk of exposure to accidental needle prick, or it could become loose and fall, thus exposing the contaminated cannula as well.

US patents 5,779,679, Shaw's "Winged IV Set With Retractable Cannula," and Shaw's 6,210,371, "Winged IV Set," describe an intravascular infusion device that includes a retractable cannula. In these patents, the retractable cannula is held in place by a tubing connector with a tubing connection at its back end that establishes a fluid connection between the cannula and a tube inside the vessel. The retractable member is held in the retractable position against the force of a compression spring by a pair of retractable latches positioned on opposite sides of the housing. Once the latches are released, the spring forces the contraction member, and thus the cannula, to retract into the housing. However, because the intravascular tube is directly connected to the contraction organ, contraction of the cannula causes the intravascular tube to move backwards as well. If the tube is not free to move backward during deflation, the contraction member and retractable cannula may not be able to fully deflate.

There is a need for an infusion device and a fluid collection device in which the cannula can retract without causing or relying on backward movement of the attached tubing, and in such a way that the device is rendered unusable and the flow of the fluid is intercepted, transported and sealed along with the retraction of the cannula. cannula.

General description of the invention

The device according to the invention includes a device specifically suited to use in the medical field, but not necessarily limited to medical use. According to one preferred embodiment, the present invention relates to a medical device having a cannula that can be designed and used to inject, infuse or extract a fluid. The medium provided may be used, depending on its design, for example: as part of an infusion device or a venous or arterial blood collection device; or to other body fluids such as spinal fluid, cerebral fluid, amniotic fluid, and similar fluids known to health care personnel; Or a solid substance found in suspensions and slurries, such as medicines, lipids, or bone marrow. When the device is used to infuse fluids or medication, the source of the fluid may be, for example, a syringe bag inside the vessel or a syringe syringe. When the method is used to collect blood, a fluid container may be used, for example, a blood collection bag, an evacuated tube, or a syringe. When the medium is connected to a fluid flow line, it can also be used as tweezers. Before the cannula retracts, the device prevents fluid from leaking into or out of the fluid flow path. A cannula is typically a needle with a beveled tip to facilitate insertion into tissue or another medical device such as a port.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the device includes a displaced fluid flow path and a contraction chamber positioned flush with the cannula. Retractable contraction is initiated by an actuator that can be repositioned axially relative to the cannula, thus also obstructing the fluid flow path.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the device includes an aligned fluid flow path and a displaced contraction cavity. Retractable contraction is initiated by an actuator that can be repositioned laterally relative to the cannula, thus obstructing the fluid flow path and sealing it.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the device includes an aligned fluid flow path and a displaced contraction chamber. Retractable contraction is initiated by an actuator that can be repositioned arcuately relative to the cannula, thus obstructing the fluid flow path and sealing it.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a device preferably comprising a housing is disclosed; Cannula protruding forward from the housing; A connection used to connect a medium to a fluid source or fluid container; A fluid flow path provides fluid communication between the cannula and the connector. A retraction mechanism causes the cannula to deflect away from its protrusion position and an actuator held by the housing and designed to adjust the fluid flow path to terminate fluid flow through the device, seal the flow path tightly, and release the retraction mechanism to withdraw the cannula. Into the housing. It is desirable to provide protruding handles and/or mounting wings with pads protruding from the sides to facilitate handling of the device by users, to resist sliding of the device on a basic surface, and to provide surfaces that can be secured to the patient's body during use.

According to another preferred embodiment according to the invention, the actuator portion of the device includes two long recesses, preferably in the form of a cylinder, including one recess defining part of the fluid flow path and the other being a contraction recess designed to receive part of the retraction mechanism and cannula following retraction. The retraction mechanism preferably includes a needle or cannula holder, and a biasing member such as a compression spring. Preferably, the actuator is movable by the user from a first position to a second position to modify the fluid flow path by intercepting, replacing, redirecting, or redesigning at least part of the path, thereby intercepting the fluid flow along the original flow path through the medium. At least part of the actuator is slidingly mounted or swivelly connected, preferably pivotally, within the housing. Movement of the actuator from position one to position two also preferentially releases the retracting mechanism, allowing the bias member to push the cannula holder and at least part of the cannula back into the contraction lumen, and to push the entire cannula back into the housing to prevent needle stick injury needle viewer and to prevent reuse of the medium. Using devices with retractable needles, avoiding accidental needle stick injury, and preventing reuse of the device are important to significantly reduce the spread of disease with blood-borne pathogens to health care personnel, other patients, and anyone who handles these devices after use.

Brief explanation of the drawings

The device provided by the invention is further described and explained using the following figures:

Figure 1 is a vertical view of an embodiment according to the invention comprising an interceptable fluid flow path, a retractable cannula protruding forward from the housing, a slideably disposed actuator rearward, and stabilizing wings;

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional profile taken along line 2-2 shown in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the device shown in Figure 2 following the interception of the fluid flow path and retraction of the cannula;

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional front view of another embodiment of the invention comprising an interceptable fluid flow path, a retractable cannula protruding forward from the housing, and a slideably disposed actuator;

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional frontal view of the model shown in Figure 4 following interception of the fluid flow path and contraction of the cannula in the contraction lumen;

Figure 6 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the invention comprising an interceptable fluid flow path, a retractable cannula protruding forward from the housing, and a pivotable actuator;

Figure 7 is a detailed perspective view of the model shown in Figure 6;

Figure 8 is an enlarged upper horizontal projection (directed to the opposite side) of the model shown in Figure 6;

Figure 9 is an enlarged, partially cropped, horizontal cross-sectional view of the model shown in Figure 8, with the cannula protruding forward, and part of a tube (shown as an imaginary line) being placed in contact by fluid with the fluid flow path through the actuator. And the cannula holder, and the cannula;

Figure 10 is an enlarged horizontal cross-sectional view of the model shown in Figure 9 following the interception of the fluid flow path and contraction of the cannula;

Figure 11 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the invention comprising an interceptable fluid flow path, a retractable cannula protruding forward from the housing (shown covered by a protective cover), and an actuator movably attached to the housing;

Figure 12 is a detailed perspective view of the model shown in Figure 11;

Figure No. 13 is an enlarged horizontal top view of the model shown in Figure No. 11;

Figure 14 is a frontal view of the model shown in Figure 13, where the protection cover is shown as an imaginary line;

Figure No. 15 is an enlarged, partially cropped, horizontal cross-sectional view of the model shown in Figure No. 13, in which the cannula protrudes forward and the protective cover appears in the form of an imaginary line, showing the path of fluid flow through the cannula, the cannula holder, and the operator.

Figure 16 is a horizontal cross-sectional projection of the model shown in Figure 15 following the interception of the fluid flow path and contraction of the cannula in the contraction cavity;

Figure 17 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the invention comprising an interceptable fluid flow path particularly useful with liquid fluids, a retractable cannula that protrudes forward from the housing (and is not observable because it is hidden by a removable protective cover), and an attached actuator pivotally to the housing;

Figure 18 is a detailed perspective view of the model shown in Figure 17;

Figure No. 19 is an enlarged, partially cropped, horizontal cross-sectional view of the model shown in Figure No. 17, in which the cannula protrudes forward and the protective cap appears in the form of an imaginary line, showing the path of fluid flow through the cannula, the cannula holder, the actuator, and the Luer connection assembly. And

Figure 20 is a horizontal cross-sectional projection of the model shown in Figure 19 following the interception of the fluid flow path and contraction of the cannula in the contraction cavity.

Detailed description

Referring to Figure 1, a means 10 is provided that may be used for example as part of a medical device to collect blood, blood gases or other bodily fluids from a patient or to infuse fluids of a type administered intravenously or otherwise into the patient's body. As shown, the device 10 includes a housing 12 and a forward-projecting cannula 14 connected to a cannula holder 16, which can be seen in Figures 2 and 3. Before using the method 10, the beveled edge of the cannula 14 should preferably be covered with a protective cap. The actuator 18 is slidably carried by a housing 12, and includes a set of flexible latches that secure the corresponding end handle 44 within the housing 12. The handle 44 located in front of the actuator 18 facilitates manual rotation of the actuator 18 relative to the housing 12 to terminate fluid flow through the medium 10 and initiate retraction of the cannula into the housing 12 as described in more detail below.

Optional mounting wings 20 extend laterally from the housing 12 and facilitate handling of the device 10 by the user. When the wings 20 are used, they also provide a surface that restricts the rotation of the housing 12 when the device 10 is secured to the patient's body using adhesive tape, suture stitches, or other similar effective means. After administering or withdrawing a desired volume of fluid to the patient as prescribed therapeutically, the flow of fluid through the cannula 14 can be terminated and the cannula 14 can be withdrawn into the housing 12 by applying manual pressure directed backwards toward the front side of the handle 44 of the actuator 18 with a grip Overnight 12 at the same time. If necessary, the cannula can be withdrawn into the housing 12 without pulling it from the patient's body first. The use of the method 10 and retraction of the cannula 14 are described in more detail below for Figures 2 and 3.

Referring to Figure 2, the device 10 is shown without the optional stabilizer wings attached. The housing 12 of the means 10 includes two longitudinal segments comprising a lower section 26 and an upper section 28. The lower section 26 also includes a smaller diameter front end 32 and a larger diameter rear end 24 and there is a transition zone defined by a shoulder 30 between the front end 32 and the rear end 34. The upper section 28 extends posteriorly from a point above the shoulder 30 to an open rear end above the rear end 34 of the lower section 26, and includes a longitudinal hole that serves as a connection into which a tubular section 24 can be inserted. It is desirable to retain the end of the tubing portion 24 within the upper section 28 of the housing 12 by any suitable means such as frictionally engaging or using a clamp, adhesive or the like. Depending on the desired use of the device 10, the tubing portion 24 can be of any desired length suitable for connecting the device 10 to a fluid source such as an IV bag or a fluid container such as a blood collection system. Preferably, the lower segment 26 also includes a contraction cavity 36 located between the trailing end 34 and the books of the transition region 30. As shown, the back end 34 of the retractable contraction cavity 36 includes an opening closed by an end cap 42. The bottom section 26 also includes an opening 38 located in the upper wall, approximately in front of the shoulder of the transition zone 30. The hole 38 is aligned with the hole 40 at the bottom of the section The upper 28, and the alignment of holes 38 and 40 help determine the fluid flow path between the cannula 14 and the tubing portion 24.

The opening at the front end 32 of the lower section 26 is closed by a slideably disposed tubular actuator 18, which includes a handle 44 extending upward from the front edge. The actuator 18 is movable from a first position, where the handle 44 is retracted from the front end 32 of the lower clip 26, to a second position where the handle 44 rests on and is adjacent to the front end 32 of the lower clip 26. It is desirable that the actuator 18 extends into the lower section 26 of the housing 12 by a distance sufficient to cover and close the hole 38 in the lower section 26 when the actuator 18 is moved to the second position by resting on the front end 32. It is also desirable that the actuator 18 include a pair of opposing latches Diagonally they extend outward from the rear end of the actuator 18. As the sliding end cap 18 is moved toward its second position, the latches slide and engage with a projecting shoulder on the inner wall of the lower clip 26, thus locking the actuator 18 in its second position and preventing its removal from the housing 12.

The retracting mechanism 13 holds the cannula 14 and includes a cannula holder 16, a cannula holder stopper 46, and a spring 22. After installing the actuator 18 in the front of the lower section 26, it is preferable to pre-assemble the cannula holder 16, spring 22, and cannula holder stopper 46 and inserted into the lower section 26 through an opening at the rear end 34 and through the retractable contraction cavity 36. Prior to insertion, it is desirable that the flexible cannula holder stopper 46 be inserted into a frictional engagement with a recess within the large diameter section 58 of the cannula holder 16. It is desirable that the spring 22 be positioned on the small diameter front section of the cannula holder 16, where It slides back into a pivot engagement with an annular shoulder 52. It is then oriented so that the fluid stream 60 is aligned with the opening 38 in the upper wall of the lower section 26, and advances beyond the shoulder of the transition zone 30. As the forward-extending end of the cannula holder 16 protrudes ahead of the actuator 18, the spring 22 rests on the annular shoulder within the forward opening of the actuator 18 and is compressed to the position shown in Figure 2. The actuator 18 resists the force of the compression spring and is prevented from moving forward away from The housing 12 is under the influence of spring force by means of flexible latches that secure the actuator 18 to the housing 12 as previously described. This design of the elements allows the cannula 14 to be in fluid contact with the tubing 24 while the fluid flows through the cannula's hollow stopper 46, through the hole 38 at the top of the retractable retractable cavity housing 26, through the hole 40 at the bottom of the tubing assembly housing 28 and then into the tubing 24 Likewise, fluid can flow in the opposite direction and pass through the tube 24, through the aligned holes 40, 38 and 60 and out of the cannula 14. A rear end cap 42 is attached to the open end of the lower clip 26 following the attachment of the cannula 14 and the cannula holder plug, and is frictionally fixed within the rear end 34 of the lower clip 26.

Although the cannula 14 may be fixed in a clamping relationship with the cannula holder 16 before the retraction mechanism 13 is inserted into the housing 12, it is desirable to insert the cannula 14 into the protruding tip hole of the cannula holder 16 after the cannula holder 16 is installed into the housing 12. According to Noted in Figure 2, the opening at the forward-extending end of the cannula holder 16 is tapered to facilitate insertion and fixation of the cannula 14. The cannula 14 may be fixed frictionally within the cannula holder hole 16, but it is desirable to secure it in a clamp to the cannula holder 16 using glue or other similar effective means known to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is desirable for the open portion of the beveled edge of the cannula 14 to face upward to facilitate its insertion into the patient's body. As can be seen in Figure 2, the open posterior end 62 of the hollow cannula 14 extends through the posterior end 58 of the cannula holder 16 into the open anterior section 54 of the cannula holder 46. However, it should be understood that the cannula 14 only needs to be extended into the holder. cannula 16 with sufficient distance to facilitate safe interlocking between them.

When the device 10 is assembled as described above, the spring 22 or other similar active deflection device causes the cannula 14 and cannula holder 16 to deflect backwards. The frictional clamping force exerted on the inner surface 50 of the small-diameter front portion of the lower section 26 by the cannula holder stopper 46 must be large enough to resist the deflection force exerted on the scapula 52 by the spring 22 in combination with the force exerted backwards on the cannula holder stopper 46 through the cannula. 14 and the cannula holder 16 while inserting the cannula 16 into the patient's body. Otherwise, the cannula 14 could deflate prematurely without moving the actuator 18 relative to the housing 12.

When the fluid infusion or extraction procedure is complete and the cannula 14 is retractable, the user can initiate the retractable contraction by applying backward directed pressure on the handle 44 while holding the housing 12 in a fixed position by either grasping the distinctively textured outer surface portion (which can Seen in Figure 1) or by pressing down on the optional wings (which can be conveniently fixed to the patient's body). Manual pressure on the handle 44 moves the actuator 18 rearward relative to the housing 12. It is desirable that the retractable contraction be initiated while the cannula, typically the needle, is still inside the patient's body. As the actuator 18 moves backward, the cannula holder 16 and the cannula holder stopper 46 are pushed backward due to contact between the rear end 64 of the actuator 18 and the annular shoulder 52 of the cannula holder 16. It can be seen in Figure 2 that the rear end 64 of the actuator rests on the part adjacent to the forward facing annular shoulder 52 of the cannula holder 16, while the rear end of that part of the actuator 18 as described below the spring 22 is slightly separated from the annular shoulder 52. This simple separation leads to Concentrating the backward directed force, applied by the user to the handle 44, towards one side of the annular shoulder 52 rather than distributing it evenly around its circumference, is therefore believed to reduce the manual force required to initiate the contraction.

Referring to Figure 3, in response to the backward movement of the actuator 18, the cannula holder plug 46 passes through the transition zone (behind the shoulder 30) and into the large diameter retractable retractable cavity 36 of the lower segment 26. As the cannula holder plug 46 moves, the frictional force between The outer surface 48 of the cannula holder plug 46 and the inner wall 50 of the lower section 26 and the cannula holder plug 46 pass through the transition zone and enter the retractable retractable cavity 36, and the frictional clamping force is completely eliminated. When the frictional clamping force is sufficiently reduced by the combined force of the user's fingers as projected through the handle 44 actuator 18 and the deflection force of the compression spring 22, the spring 22 pushes the cannula holder 16 and the cannula holder stopper 46 backwards into the retractable retractable cavity 36, thus causing time Same as pulling the beveled edge of the cannula 14 into the housing 12. It will become clear to those skilled in the art upon reviewing this disclosure that the actuator must be long enough so that the length of its travel relative to the housing 12 is sufficient to push the cannula holder stopper 46 beyond the shoulder 30.

As shown in Figure 3, following deflation, it is desirable that the cannula holder stopper 46 rests, approximately flush, on the back end cap 42 of the lower clip 26. It is desirable that the lower clip 26 be sized such that the entire cannula 14 is included in The lower segment 26 does not protrude from the anterior end 32. After retraction, the upper edge of the actuator 18 closes the fluid flow path between the cannula 14 and the hole 38 at the top of the lower segment 26. This prevents fluid from escaping from the tube 24 which is still connected to the upper section 28 of the housing 12.

Another embodiment of the invention is disclosed and described in relation to Figures 4 and 5 with reference to Figure 4, preferably using the method 70 as part of a blood collection device or blood vessel infusion device. The device 70 includes a substantially rectangular housing having a front wall 72 with a conical front 74; posterior wall 92 with open slit 88; side wall 98; A largely flat cooperative lower wall 104 and a corresponding upper wall (not visible in the cross-section view) connecting walls 72, 92 and 98. Figure 4 does not show the edges of the lower wall 104 nor the corresponding upper wall (which is not visible), which are in the direction opposite the side wall 98, but both extend between the front wall 72 and the back wall 92 at a point slightly beyond the side of the slit 88, which is farthest from the wall 98. The glide path 94, which is visible behind the front wall 72, is preferably a single unit as part of the front wall 72.

As shown and described, housing the device 70 provides a structure in which a retraction mechanism 76 and an actuator 96 can be installed. Preferably, the retraction mechanism 76 also includes a cannula holder 78 having a large diameter head 80, and a bias member that delivers a backward directed force. On the cannula holder 78. The biasing member is preferably a compression spring 86. A retracting mechanism 76 may be installed within the front wall 72, the protruding front 74 and the sliding path 94 of the housing at the back preferably before attaching the cannula 84 and actuator 96. A helical spring 86 is placed on the forward-facing end of the cannula holder 78 and the cannula holder 78 is then inserted into the protruding front 74 until the forward-facing end of the spring 86 rests on the annular shoulder within the anterior opening of the front 74 around the cannula holder 78: while the Spring 86, a portion of the annular shoulder 82 on the forward-facing surface of the head 80 rests on the backward-facing surface of the front wall 72 that is adjacent to the opening through the protruding front 74. While the retraction mechanism 76 is held in place (such as temporarily clamping the portion of the cannula holder 78 extending forward beyond the protruding front 74), it is desirable for the actuator 96 to be inserted into the sliding path 94 from the side of the housing opposite the wall 98, and moved laterally To a position as shown in Figure 4 where the sealing member 95 provides a fluid-tight seal that allows the fluid to flow between the tip 80 of the cannula holder 78 and the fluid flow path 100 of the actuator 96.

The actuator 96 preferably has a long, substantially rectangular body designed to be slidably disposed with at least one guide or sliding track 94 on the interior of the housing to facilitate lateral movement of the actuator 96 in the housing. The interior of the actuator 96 preferably includes an aligned fluid flow path 100 defined by wall sections 106 and 108 and a contraction chamber 102 that is displaced from the cannula 84 while the actuator 96 is in use. The sealing member 95 is preferably an elastomeric O-ring seal or other similarly active sealing member, located in a recess at the forward end of the fluid flow path 100 through the actuator 96 where it can provide a sealing engagement with The posterior facing surface of the enlarged tip 80 of the cannula holder 78. It will be noted that the flexible infusion member 95 prevents fluid from leaking into or out of the fluid path 100.

When the actuator 96 is positioned as shown in Figure 4, the spring 86 is maintained in a compressed state and causes a continuous deflection of the cannula 78 in a posterior direction until such time as the actuator 96 selectively changes its position following the use of the device 70. Fixing the retraction mechanism 76 and actuator 96 within the housing, the back end of the cannula 84 can be inserted pivotally into the pivot hole of the cannula 78 and glued or otherwise secured in position. Although not stated, it is desirable to provide a removable frictionally engaged protective cover for the cannula 84 after it is secured to the cannula holder 78.

Before use, it is preferable to connect the device 70 to a fluid source or fluid container by means of a flexible tubing portion 90 that can be inserted into or otherwise attached to a tubing connection 103 through a slit 88 by a conventional means. When the actuator 96 is positioned as shown in Figure 4, a largely linear fluid flow path is defined between the cannula 84 and the tubing segment 90. The pipe connection 103 may be a section of actuator with a slightly tapered internal hole for receiving and frictionally engaging with a free end of the pipe portion 90 or may be designed to secure a tubular portion by other known means such as Luer couplings, threaded couplings, clamps, adhesive, And so on. The tubing portion 90 is preferably a flexible polymeric tube of any length and made of any material to suit the intended use. When using the design shown in Figure 4, a means 70 may be used to transfer fluids from an external source to be emptied into the cannula, or they may be extracted or withdrawn from an external source through the cannula, and subsequently emptied from the end of the tubing portion 90 corresponding to the tubing connection 103.

Following use, retractable contraction is initiated by moving the actuator 96 from its used position to its retractable position by applying manual force to the actuator 96 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis through the cannula 84 and cannula holder 78. Referring to Figure 5, Moving the actuator 96 laterally toward the wall 98, the fluid flow path 100 through the actuator 96 is shifted laterally to a position such that it is no longer on the side opposite the head 80 of the cannula holder 78. Simultaneously, the head 80 is acted upon by the deflecting force applied by the compression spring 86 to push the cannula holder 78 into the contraction cavity 102 of the actuator 96, thus pulling the cannula 84 into the housing. To reach this result, it will be clear that the distance between the back wall 92 and the anterior end of the front 74 must be substantially sufficient to receive at least the piercing tip of the cannula 84 in the protruding front 74. In addition, it is desirable that the non-compression spring 86 be of such length as That the tip 80 is kept at a sufficient distance from the anterior opening of the protruding tip 74 so that the tip of the cannula 84 does not protrude again from the front of the device 70 following retraction, particularly if the device 70 is rotated to a horizontal position with the cannula facing down.

Another embodiment of the invention as shown in Figures 6 through 10, in which the actuator is repositioned diagonally relative to the housing to initiate contraction. Referring to Figures 6 through 8, a medical device 110 is disclosed comprising a housing 112, an actuator 114, a retracting mechanism 118, and a forward-projecting cannula, preferably a needle 122. The housing 112 also includes a hollow body having substantially flat upper and lower surfaces, an inclined cantilever pad 134, an open forward-extending neck 136, open side and rear sections comprising an actuator stop baffle 140, a hollow wall section 168, and two oppositely aligned slots 126 for attaching the actuator 114 Axially with housing.

The actuator 114 preferably includes an actuator contact surface 132, a contact surface 166, an actuator positioning barrier 138, outward-projecting mounting protrusions 128 that are insertable into engagement with holes 126 of the housing 112, and a tube opening 130. The actuator preferably includes a retraction mechanism 118 The needle holder has a forward-extending small diameter portion 106 and a larger diameter head 108 located behind the small diameter portion 106. A compression spring 116 is designed to slide over the small diameter portion 106 and rest on the forward facing annular surface of the head 108. A further description of the sealing member 120 is given below, preferably an O-ring sealing member.

Referring to Figure 9, the retraction mechanism is inserted into the neck 136 of the housing 112 from the back, where the small-diameter portion of the needle holder protrudes forward through an opening in the front portion. The spring 116 is slidingly engaged with the small diameter portion 106 and the front end of the spring 116 is resting on the annular shoulder next to the front slot inside the neck 136. The other end of the spring 116 is resting on the annular shoulder of the head 108. The spring 116 is compressed and then held in a retractable position by a counter force applied to the head 108 by the actuator 114. The actuator 114 is positioned in use relative to the housing 112 with the mounting protrusion 128 inserted axially into the slots 126 and the contact surface 166 resting on The inner surface of the housing 112 is adjacent to a hollow wall section 168. The actuator 114 includes a flow fluid path 154 surrounded by walls 150 and 152 and a contraction cavity 164. Space 124 is provided in the housing 112 to receive a portion of the actuator 114 when it is repositioned to terminate fluid flow and initiate contraction.

With the actuator 114 in this position, the fluid flow path 154 through the actuator 114 is positioned to be in contact via a fluid pivotally 144 through the needle holder and with the interior of the needle 122. It is desirable to provide a leaking organ, located in the bore 148 , a fluid-preventing interlock between the front end of the walls 150 and 152 and the tip of the needle holder 108. Said leak-proof engagement is facilitated by an annular shoulder 146 of the head 108.It is desirable that the pipe connection 156 have outward-tapering walls 142 at the rear end of the fluid flow path 154 and be configured to receive and engage the end of a pipe segment 162 (shown as an imaginary line). A cantilever 158 is provided for the housing 112, located adjacent to the forward-facing end of the contraction cavity 164, to prevent the actuator 114 from inadvertently moving it from the initial retractable position to the contraction position. In practice, it is desirable that the spacing between the protrusion 158 and the facing surface 160 of the actuator 114 be less than that shown for illustrative purposes in Figure 9.

After fluid transfer through the device 110 in any direction to the desired extent has been completed, it is easy to terminate the fluid flow by repositioning the actuator 114 relative to the housing 112 by applying pressure to the actuator contact surface 132 such that the actuator 114 pivots in the direction indicated by the arrow 160. Although some manual pressure is required to overcome the resistance to pushing surface 160 onto the protrusion 158 and to move the sealing member 120 behind the head 108, it is desirable that the force required be such that it can be applied by an adult user with ease. It will again be noted that the flexible sealing member 120 prevents leakage into or out of the fluid flow path 154.

Referring to Figure 10, after the actuator 114 is restarted relative to the housing 112 as shown, the fluid flow between the needle 122 and the tubing 162 is closed, and the fluid flow path 154 is displaced from the opening through the neck 136 and from the conduit 144 through the head 108 . Furthermore, once the wall 150 passes the head 108, the retractable contraction cavity 164 is pivotally engaged with the through-neck slot 136, and the deflecting force of the compression spring 122 forces the needle clamp to enter the contraction cavity, simultaneously retracting the needle tip 122 From patient to housing 112 to avoid accidental needle sticking and prevent reuse of method 110.

Another embodiment of the invention is described in relation to Figures 11 through 16. This embodiment is particularly preferred for use in collecting fluids containing gases such as arterial blood gases to be subsequently analyzed, and also includes an actuator that is repositioned diagonally relative to the housing to initiate deflation. Referring first to Figures 11 through 14, a medical device 200 is disclosed comprising a housing 226, an actuator 204, a needle holder 220, a spring 222, an air-tight infusion element 218 and a forward-projecting needle 224. The housing 226 also includes a hollow body with substantially flat upper and lower surfaces 202, integral opposing protruding handles with gripping surfaces having a distinctive texture 206, a forward-extending tapered neck 238 having an opening 228, side and rear openings that are open and aligned opposite each other 230. To axially connect the actuator 204 to the housing 226. It is desirable to provide a protective cover 232 to protect the needle 224 before use, and it must be removed from the needle 224 before use.

The actuator 204 preferably includes an actuator contact area 234, protruding protrusions 212 insertable into engagement with openings 230 of the housing 204, a retractable contraction recess 216, a recess 214 around the fluid flow path opening, and a tube connection 208 extending back from the housing 226. By reference 13 and 14, the pipe connection 208 also includes a half luer connection 236 to facilitate connection of the device 200 to a fluid source or container for another fluid depending on the intended use.

Referring to Figures 15-16, the retraction mechanism is installed by inserting it into the pivotally runner 250 through the neck 238 of the housing from the back with the small diameter portion 221 of the needle holder 220 protruding from the front through the hole 228 in the front portion. The spring 222 engages in a sliding manner with the small diameter portion 221 and the front end of the spring 222 is resting on an annular shoulder 252 next to the front slot 228 of the neck 238. The other end of the spring 222 is resting on the annular shoulder of the large diameter head 223 of the needle holder 220. The spring 222 is compressed, and is held in the initial retractable position by a corresponding force applied to the head 223 by the actuator 204. The actuator 204 is placed in the used position relative to the housing 226 such that the mounting protrusions 212 are axially inserted into the slots 230 (Figure 12). The actuator contact surface 234 rests on the inner surface of the housing 226 located below the nearest adjacent gripping surface with a distinct structure 206. The actuator 204 includes a fluid flow path 242 and a contraction cavity 216. Space 244 is provided in the housing 226 to receive a portion of the actuator 204 when it is repositioned to terminate fluid flow and initiate contraction.

With the actuator 204 in the position shown in Figure 15, the fluid flow path 242 is positioned through the actuator 204 to be in fluid contact with a pivotally duct 225 through the needle holder and with a pivotally duct 258 inside the needle 224. To release the air 246, contained in the bore 214, it is desirable to engage a fluid seal between the front end of the fluid flow path 242 and the tip 223 of the needle holder. It is desirable for the pipe connection 208 to include a stepped hole 240 that provides fluid contact with the fluid flow path 242. A cantilever 235 is provided for the housing 226, located adjacent to the forward-facing end of the contraction cavity 216, to prevent the actuator from inadvertently moving out of the contraction position The initial retractable to the contraction mode shown in Figure 16.

Referring to Figure 16, after fluid transfer through the device 200 in any direction to the desired extent has been completed, it is convenient to terminate the fluid flow by repositioning the actuator relative to the housing 226 by applying pressure to the actuator contact surface 234 such that the actuator pivots in the direction Indicated by arrow 260. Although some manual pressure is required to overcome the resistance of the surface thrust 237 (Figure 15) on the protrusion 235 and to move the sealing member 246 behind the head 223, it is desirable that the force required be such that it can be applied by an adult user with ease. It will again be noted that the flexible sealing member 120 prevents leakage into or out of the fluid flow path 154. After repositioning the actuator relative to the housing 112 as shown in Figure 16, the fluid flow between the needle 224 and the pipe connection 208 is closed, and the fluid flow path 242 is displaced from the orifice through the runners 248 and 250. Furthermore, once the retractable retraction cavity is centered in concentric alignment with the two paths 248 and 250, the deflection force of the compression spring 224 drives the needle holder 221, 223 to enter the retraction cavity, simultaneously pulling the needle tip 224 from the patient to the housing. 226 To avoid accidental needle prick and prevent reuse.

Another embodiment of the invention is disclosed in Figures 17-20. This model is preferably used particularly for extracting, collecting, or infiltrating fluids, and also includes an actuator that is also repositioned rotarily, preferably diagonally, relative to the housing to initiate deflation. Referring first to Figures 17-18, a medical device 300 is disclosed comprising a housing 304, an actuator 316, a needle holder 312, a spring 310, an infusion element 314 and a forward-projecting needle 308. The housing 304 also includes a hollow body having substantially flat upper and lower surfaces, integral protruding handles with gripping surfaces having a distinctive texture 340, a forward-extending tapered neck 306 having a forward-extending slot, and side and rear slots that are open and aligned opposite each other 324 for connecting the actuator. 316 is coaxial to the housing 304. It is desirable to provide a protective cap 302 to protect the needle 308 before use, and it should be removed from the needle 308 before use.

Referring to Figures 18 and 19, in this embodiment of the invention, an external connection body 322 is provided that can be connected to the fluid flow stream 328 via actuator 316 by means of a pipe portion 318 that is of appropriate length for connecting another means (not shown) that is a fluid source or vessel. Fluids intended to be infused into or extracted from a patient. Referring to Figure 19, the tubing portion 318 (which can be, for example, one to four feet or more in length) is preferably inserted into the back of the actuator 316 and glued, welded, clamped, or otherwise secured in position To connect it via a fluid to the fluid flow path 328 , it may likewise be connected to the connection body 322 via a hole in the protruding front 320 , and thus to connect it via a fluid to a pivotally graduated hole 332 through the connection body 322 . It is desirable for a connection 334 to be provided at the rear of the body of the connection 322, and more preferably to be equipped with a standard half luer connection to facilitate its connection to another means preferably a fluid source or fluid vessel. It is also preferable that the end of the tubing portion inserted into the protruding front 320 of the coupling body 322 be connected using an adhesive or other suitable conventional means. The connection body 322 may also optionally be equipped with opposing mounting wings 336 when needed for use in attaching the connection body 322 to a surface or other product.

Before installing the actuator 316 into the housing 304, it is preferable to install the retraction mechanism including the needle 312 and spring 310 by inserting it into the neck 306 of the housing 304 from the back portion as described for Embodiments 11-17, where the portion protrudes The smaller diameter needle holder 312 is forward through the hole in the front of the neck 306. The spring 310 is compressed during installation, and is held in the initial retractable position by a counter force applied to the head of the needle 312 by the actuator 316. In FIG. 19, the actuator 316 is placed in the use position inside the housing 304 as described. of actuator 204 relative to housing 226 in FIG. 15. Actuator 316 includes a flow fluid path 328 and a contraction cavity 330. Space 326 is provided in the housing 304 to receive a portion of the actuator 316 when it is repositioned to terminate fluid flow and initiate contraction.

With the actuator 316 in the position shown in Figure 19, the fluid flow path 328 is positioned through the actuator 316 to be in fluid contact with a pivotally duct through the needle holder 312 and with a pivot duct 258 inside the needle 308. The flexible plastic sealing member 314 provides Desirably a fluid-tight engagement between the front end of the fluid flow path 328 and the tip of the needle holder 312. Desirably the rear end of the fluid flow path 328 includes tapered walls to receive and engage the end of the tubing portion 318 as previously described. A cantilever protrusion, as previously described for housing protrusion 235 226 in FIG. 15, is provided to be located adjacent to the forward-facing end of the retractable retractable cavity 330, to prevent the actuator 316 from inadvertently moving from the initial retractable position shown in FIG. 19 to the retractable position. The shrinkage shown in Figure 20.

Referring to Figure 20, after fluid transfer through the device 300 has been completed in any direction to the desired extent, it is convenient to terminate the fluid flow by repositioning the actuator 316 relative to the housing 304 by applying pressure to the actuator contact surface as shown by arrow 338 including It causes the actuator 316 to pivot in the direction indicated by the arrow 338. After repositioning the actuator relative to the housing 304 as shown in Figure 20, the fluid flow between the needle 308 and the pipe connection body 322 is closed, and the fluid flow path 328 is displaced from the opening through the protruding front 306. Furthermore, once the contraction cavity 330 is centered in concentric alignment with the through-neck opening 306 of the housing 304, the deflection force of the compression spring 308 drives the needle holder 312 to enter the retractable contraction cavity 330, simultaneously withdrawing the needle tip 308 from the patient. to housing 304 to avoid accidental needle prick and prevent reuse. Thus reducing the potentially relevant spread of fluid-borne pathogens to another patient.

As disclosed herein, the housing, actuator, cannula holder, protective cap, end cap, and tubing connector may be made of any suitable material such as plastic, metal, ceramic, glass or the like. For medical uses such as intravascular infusion and blood collection, molded polypropylene is preferred. Likewise, depending on the intended use or application, the cannula suitable for use in the invention may be made of metal, plastic, or ceramic materials with metal being preferred. It is desirable that flexible parts used in the form of fluid seals or cannula holder seals be made of rubber or other elastomeric polymers or rubber-modified plastics.

When using the devices disclosed in Figures 1-5, and assuming the housing is maintained in a fixed position during deflation, a connector tubing portion at the back of the device is not moved axially, laterally, or directionally when the actuator is repositioned to terminate fluid flow and withdraw the cannula into the housing . When using the means shown in Figures 6-20, where flow is terminated and the cannula is retracted by oblique repositioning of the actuator as it pivots relative to the housing, the axial, lateral and directional movements of the connected tubular portion are minimal compared to the travel distance previously associated using conventional means.

When those of ordinary skill in the art become acquainted with the present disclosure, they will also have the possibility of making other changes and modifications to the invention, and it is intended that the scope of the invention disclosed herein will be limited only by the broad interpretation of the ancillary protections to which inventors are legally entitled.