Casing conveyed perforating process and apparatus

Lid and transfer device process for making holes

Full description

Background of the invention:

The present invention relates to a device and process for making a connection through the wall of a tubular borehole.

More specifically, a device and process for completing a subsurface well and in particular for completing a well in a subsurface stimulation zone and/or its components.

When the wellhole is drilled under the surface of the earth using current methods that use drilling techniques in which a drilling head is installed at one end, the wellhole is completed by placing a cover through the wellhole to increase its integrity and provide a passage for the production of fluids to the surface. The cover is usually made of individual lengths of metal tubulars that have a relatively large radius, which are attached to each other using any suitable method, for example, screws or using a mesh. Currently, the cover is installed in the well hole by rotating cement inside, which is located between the cover and the well hole. After that, the cover installed with cement is perforated so that communication occurs between the fluids below the surface of the ground and those inside the cover. The process of perforation is currently carried out by perforation devices, which have at least one charge that is formed and placed inside a case. The process of releasing the charge from the surface of the earth is controlled. The punching device can be designed to be any length, although the device to be transported by wire line is usually 30 feet or less in length. The perforating device is lowered inside the cover by wire line or tubulars to a point adjacent to the subsurface area to be dealt with, and explosive charges are detonated to enter or perforate the cover and components. In this way, fluid contact is initiated between the covered well opening and the desired area below

The surface of the ground, and the resulting perforation extends beyond the cover and six short distances into the component. After that, the perforating device is removed from the well opening or dropped into its depth. Usually the component is stimulated to encourage the production of hydrocarbons by pumping liquid under pressure into the well and into the component to stimulate the separation of the component's fluids by pumping liquid into the well and the component to react or stimulate the component. Therefore, the liquid can be produced from the component through the cover to the surface of the earth, or by injecting it from the surface through the cover to the component below the surface of the earth.

In some components, it is desirable to perform perforation operations using pressure in the well, which is controlled in proportion to the pressure of the components. Under overbalance conditions, the well pressure is in excess of the pressure at which the component separates. The separation of fluids occurs near the perforation area. The garment can go a few inches inside the component. Thus, an enlarged position can be created in which fluids can flow between the component and the well, and thus the well’s productivity can be significantly increased as a result of the release of separate parts in the perforation area.

A subsurface well enters multiple layers of the same desired subsurface and/or multiple components that repeatedly contain hydrocarbon. It is usually desirable to establish contact with each desired layer and/or component for injection and/or fluid production. Currently, this process is carried out in any of several ways. In the first method, a single perforating device is transported in a wire or tubular line to the subsurface borehole and fired to perforate the desired layer and/or component. The process is repeated for each layer to be treated. In contrast, a single perforating device is transported via wire line or tubing to a subsurface well. The device is placed near each desired area and/or component, and optionally a shot is fired from the device to drill the area and/or component. According to another method, two or more perforating devices are placed far apart in the same pipe, transported to the well, and fired. When using the directed-fire method, when the area and/or component desired to be dealt with is relatively thick, such as 15 feet or less, the perforating device is placed near the desired area, and some of the directed fires are fired to optionally perforate that area or component. After that, the perforating device is re-placed using a wire line in another area or component, and we fire fire to perforate the area or component. This method is repeated

Until all areas and/or components are perforated, then the perforating device is pulled to the surface using the wire line. In the case of transportation by tubulars, the perforating devices are separated from each other, and two or more of them are transported into the well opening in the same tube, spaced apart so that each perforating device is placed near a desired area and/or component. Once placed inside the well, fire can optionally be fired alternately or simultaneously to perforate the casing and establish contact with each area and/or component.

If the area and/or component that we perforated by any of the previous methods must have its fluids separated, in this case the liquid is pumped into the well under a pressure greater than the pressure at which the area and/or component separates. However, it is preferable for the separation fluid to flow into these areas and/or components that have larger holes and/or less pressure, thus producing little or no separation in some areas and/or components. In addition, estimated costs can be reduced in the process of pumping fluids under sufficient pressure to the multiple separation zones and/or components interspersed by the subsurface well opening. In efforts to address this matter, a method is used in which the perforating device is lowered into the well using a tube or wire line until it approaches the lowest desired area, and then fire is fired to perforate the cover and the area. After that, it is necessary to pull the perforating device out of the well to the surface. The fluids are then pumped at sufficient pressure to separate or stimulate the lower area. The stimulating fluid can be removed from the area that has been perforated in order to prevent any damage occurring in the area associated with or resulting from prolonged contact with the separation fluid. Before perforating and stimulating the area closest to the lowest one, a mechanical device or plug is placed, or the well is filled with sand between the area that has been separated and the area to be separated, in order to prevent the stimulated area from coming into contact with the separation fluid any further. This method is repeated until all areas and/or components are perforated and separated. When the completion process is complete, each plug is perforated or pulled out of the well to allow fluids to be produced to the surface. However, the importance of traveling to and from the wellbore to perforate and stimulate each of the multiple layers and/or components and using these plugs to isolate the area and/or component being treated from the area and/or the next component in the treatment and prevent it from coming into contact with fluids is time consuming and expensive. Accordingly, the process of stimulating multiple layers and/or components occurs at the same time, even if these results are unacceptable during treatment

For some layers and/or components. Thus, there remains a need for a device and process for perforating the casing that is placed inside the wellbore, which eliminates the need to insert perforating equipment into and out of the well when completing multiple layers and/or machines.

Accordingly, one of the objectives of the present invention is to find an economically feasible and effective method and tool for perforating and stimulating multiple areas and/or components under the surface of the earth that are accessed through a subsurface well.

Another goal of the invention is to find science and equipment to complete a subsurface well in which a cover is perforated to create a connection between fluids through the wall of the cover by assembling a perforating device that is placed inside the opening of a well under the surface of the earth and outside the cover.

One of the objectives of the present invention is also to find a practical method and device capable of completing and stimulating the opening of a covered well under the surface of the earth by entering the well opening to activate the completion and/or stimulation process.

It also remains one of the objectives of the present invention to find a practical method and device for treating and/or stimulating each subsurface formation through entry through the subsurface well opening in a separate and economically feasible manner.

One of the objectives of the present invention is also to find a practical method and device for completing a subsurface well in which multiple perforating devices are assembled that are placed in the well opening outside the cover and near the various desired subsurface components and are optionally detonated to initiate a communication process between the fluids in the subsurface formations and those. Which is inside the cover.

General description of the invention:

To achieve the foregoing and other objectives in accordance with the purposes of the present invention as shown in the embodiment examples and as described generally herein, one feature of the present invention may constitute a process for initiating contact between fluids. The process includes placing at least one explosive charge in the opening of the subsurface well, such that at least one charge is placed outside the cover, which is also placed inside the well opening and directed toward the cover, so that at least one explosive charge is detonated to perforate the wall of the cover at least once.

In another feature of the present invention, a method is provided for completing a subsurface well that includes penetrating the wall of the cover placed and cemented over the opening of the subsurface well from the outside of the cover to the inside of it.

One of the features of the current invention is still a scientific method by which a subsurface well is completed, which includes placing at least one explosive charge in the opening of the subsurface well outside the cover to be detonated in order to make a penetration into the cover.

Also characteristic of the present invention is a process in which communication is provided between liquids through the wall of the cover. The process involves firing a first blasting device positioned outside the subsurface wellbore casing to perforate the casing and the first subsurface component.

Another feature of the present invention is a process that provides for the completion of a subsurface well, which includes penetrating a casing placed in a well opening while the inner part of the casing remains unoccupied by the perforation device or any other equipment, tools, tubulars, or lines.

It remains a feature of the present invention a subsurface completion system comprising a casing that is positioned at least partially inside a subsurface well opening and an assembly for at least one detonator that is positioned outside the casing and inside the subsurface well opening. The perforating device shall have at least one explosive charge directed at the lid.

Also characteristic of the present invention is a completion system comprising a cover and at least one perforating device that is attached to the outside of the cover and has at least one explosive charge directed at the cover.

Brief description of drawings:

The accompanying drawings are part of the characteristics and illustrative examples of the current invention with a detailed description, which serve to clarify the foundations of the invention. We find in the drawings:

Figure (1) is a cross-section view of the device assembly of the present invention as it is placed through the opening of a well under the surface of the ground.

Figure (2) A cross-section of the device assembly in the present invention as it is placed inside the borehole under the surface of the ground, taken along line 2--2 of the figure.

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Figure (3) A cross-section of the device assembly of the present invention as placed inside a subsurface wellbore taken through line 2--2 of Figure (1) after detonation of at least one of the explosive charges;

Figure (4) a cross-section of the device assembly in this invention as placed and secured with cement inside a subsurface well bore;

Figure (5) A cross-section of the device assembly of the present invention which is positioned and secured with cement inside the subsurface well bore taken through line 5--5 of Figure (4);

Figure (6) A cross-section of the device assembly of the present invention as positioned and cemented within a subsurface wellbore taken through line 5--5 of Figure (4) after detonation of at least one explosive charge.

Figure 7 is an excluded portion of a perspective view of the device assembly of this invention comprising an assembly of perforating devices having multiple explosive charges after detonation.

Figure (8) is an upper view of the device assembly in this invention, which is described in Figure (7), as it is placed and secured with cement inside a subsurface well hole and has been detonated, and it embodies one example of the charge phase.

Figure (9) is a cross-section of an excluded portion of the device assembly in the present invention comprising an assembly of a perforating device having multiple explosive charges as placed and secured with cement inside the borehole under the surface of the ground.

Figure (10) A-H is a schematic view of an excluded section of one embodiment example of the present invention in which multiple subsurface components have been stimulated and/or treated.

Figure (11) A-F is a schematic view of an excluded section of another example of the present invention that is used to stimulate and/or treat multiple subsurface components in which a zone isolation device is positioned between the perforating device assembly.

Figures (12A, 13A, 14A, 15A and 16A) are partial cross-sectional views as shown in the aforementioned arrangement showing another embodiment example of the present invention being used to stimulate and/or treat various subsurface components in which a valve is disposed under a device assembly in The invention includes the components of a punching device.

Figures 12B, 13B, 14B, 15B and 16B are partial cross-section views arranged in the same order illustrating another embodiment example of the present invention used to stimulate and/or process subsurface components in which the valve under the device assembly is positioned between the components of the perforating device such that Detonation of one of the components of the detonation device.

Figures 12C, 13C, 14C, 15C and 16C are partial cross-section views arranged in the same order illustrating another embodiment example of the present invention used to stimulate and/or treat subsurface components in which the valve under the device assembly is positioned between the perforating device components such that Detonation of two components of the detonation device.

Figure 17 is a section view of a particular collar in the embodiment embodiment of the present invention shown in Figures 12a-16a as assembled.

Figure (18) is a section view of part of one of the perforating devices used in an embodiment of the present invention shown in Figures (12a and 12b).

Figure (19) is a cross-section view of part of one of the perforating devices used in an embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure (12c).

Figure (20) is a cross-section view of the device structure in the present invention as it is placed inside a well opening under the surface of the earth and uses electromagnetic or water signals and corresponding devices to receive them.

Detailed description

According to the present invention a composition of devices is provided to be placed within a borehole while it is being completed. The composition consists of one or more perforating devices placed near the outside of the cover so that an explosive charge from at least one of the perforating devices is directed to strike the cover. As used in this invention, the term “cap” refers to tubular shapes, which are usually in the form of wires made of several individual metal tubulars that are connected and used in the well opening to seal fluids from the well opening and to protect the wall of the well opening from demolition or the formation of cavities inside it from which the liquid can emerge. And/or it is injected into the well towards the component or area below the surface of the ground. The phrase “perforating device” means assembling a device that is placed inside the hole of a well under the surface of the earth. It contains one or more explosive charges that are connected ballistically to the surface and are designed to penetrate the wall of the cover.

Referring to Figure (1), it shows the opening of a subsurface well extending from the ground surface or sea floor 4 and penetrating at least one subsurface component 6. “Subsurface component” As used in this invention, the term refers to a subsurface component, a layer of a subsurface component, and/or a region of a layer of a subsurface component that represents a given strategic unit such as a unit that is perforated, dissolved, and/or saturated with hydrogen. The device composition of the present invention is generally illustrated in Figure 10 10 and includes a punching device assembly 20 and a cap 12 . As assembled and placed inside the borehole 2, the perforating device is positioned outside the casing 12 and close to the outside diameter thereof. It is preferable to place the perforating device 20 near the cover 12 using any appropriate method, for example with metal ties, such as anti-rust metal ties, and wrap them around the cover 12 and the perforating device 20, or by using a special tie until the relative distance between the perforating device 20 and the cover 12 is ensured when assembling them. Completely, it does not change relatively in axis or rotation while placing the device composition of this invention in the borehole 2. As shown in Figure (1), a control device 18, for example, in the electrical line extends from the appropriate power source (not shown) on surface 4, and as is known to technicians in the field of assembling punching devices 20, to find a suitable signal, we ignite the punching device. When using electrical current, it is preferable for the line to be covered or protected from damage during

Place the device assembly in the hole of the well, with the line towards the cover, by any suitable method such as that described above when mentioning securing the perforation device assembly. Among the appropriate control systems, we ignite the explosive charges that are in the detonation device complex 20, such as those connected to liquids towards a source of appropriate liquid pressure (liquid or gas), or electromagnetic or water. The signal 58 and appropriate receivers 59 (Figure 20) are connected. An assembly of perforating devices for transmitting waves through casing, soil and/or borehole fluids may also be employed in the present invention. Any line or other suitable means mentioned below in connection with the apparatus composition of the present invention must be maintained up to the cap at appropriate intervals in order to prevent damage while being placed within the borehole.

The perforating device 20 has at least one explosive charge 22 located inside it and directed toward the cover 12. As shown in Figure 2, the composition 20 has two explosive charges 22 and 26 spaced in an axis direction through the device 20 which, although oriented to a slightly different degree, are both In the direction of the cover 12. When the appropriate signal, for example, an electric current, is transmitted through the line 18, the explosive charge 22 explodes and fires through the path 24 to make holes 11 and 14 in the wall of the cover 12, while the explosive charge 26 explodes and fires through the path 28 to make holes 15 and 16 in the wall of the cover 12. These charges can be designed to create only one hole, for example 11 and 15, in the wall of the cover 12 and in the desired area. For example, the device composition of the present invention may be employed wherever it is desired to create contact between fluids across the casing wall so that conditions within the wellbore wall can be controlled or to function as a device placed outside the casing 12.

In one embodiment example to illustrate in Figure (4), the device assembly of the present invention is placed in a well hole under the surface after drilling the well hole, but before completing the drilling of the well. It is preferable to place the composition near the component under the desired surface using any appropriate method. The process of placing the subsurface component 6 can be known through the logarithm of the opening of the hole, such as the logarithm of gamma rays that occurs during or after drilling the well hole, and to a short extent by some indicators that can be obtained during drilling, such as the logarithm of mud measurement and/or the change in drilling rates. Since the device assembly is placed inside the well opening, it is possible

Obtain a logarithm by inserting log measuring instruments, such as gamma ray instruments, through the cover 12 in order to obtain a logging device 20 for component 6, or as another option, by placing log measuring devices logging 50 in the outer part of the cover 12 and near the punching device assembly to obtain the true log time. . By alternating between these logarithms with the borehole logarithm, the drilling device assembly can be positioned in a correct and controlled manner near the subsurface component 6 to be dealt with. It is usually desirable to circulate the fluid through the casing and the specified portion between the casing and the wellbore before cementing it. As is well known to those skilled in this field, the temperature of this liquid and cement during installation can cause the cover to contract or expand, and this change must be taken into account during the initial placement of the device assembly in this invention into the wellbore, especially when the component is desired to be dealt with. Relatively thin or short in length. When the perforating device assembly is properly positioned within the wellbore, the cement 17 is circulated either downward through the interior 13 of the casing 12 and backward toward the surface by the outlet 19 formed between the casing and the wellbore or, less preferably, down the outlet 19 toward the interior of the wellbore. Before the cement 12 is fully cured, the cap 12 can be reversed in the direction of the axis to ensure that the cement is placed evenly around the cap 12.

In the previously described method, the composition of the devices of the present invention is fixed with cement in the well opening (Figure 4) between the cover and the face of the well opening and is capable of being corrected at a later time by any appropriate method 18 such as electrical lines, fluid pressure lines, audio signals, and the like. The perforating device 20 shall have at least one explosive charge 22 located in it and directed at the cover 12. As shown in Figure (5), there are two explosive charges 22 and 26 in an axially separated position, and they are also directed towards the cover 12 at slightly different angles. When the appropriate signal is transmitted by means 18, for example, an electric current via an electrical line, the charges 22 and 26 explode, and then the charge 22 releases a controlled fire in its shape through the path 24, thus making two holes 11 and 14 in the wall of the cover 12, and the open tunnel 32 is formed, which extends through the cement 17 to the component underneath. surface 6, while the fire from the explosive charge 26 emanates through the path 28 to make holes 15 and 16 in the wall of the cover 12

The tunnel 34 is formed, which extends through the cement 17 towards the subsurface component 6 and to the interior of the cover 10. It must be noted that although it is clear that each charge is capable of making two holes in the wall of the cover 12, these charges can be designed to make one hole, for example 11 and 15, through the wall in the cover 12 and in the desired place. An example of this could be the desire to make fluid contact between different instruments (not shown) such as a pressure gauge, which is placed on the outside of the casing near it and in fluid contact with the perforating device assembly.

Therefore, the process or method described in the present invention requires placing the perforating device assembly in the opening of the subsurface well outside the cover and completely next to it, and detonating a single explosive charge while it is in the detonation device to pierce the cover at least once. It is preferable to install the composition of the present invention with cement in the subsurface well opening, and then the explosive charges are detonated to create a channel opening through the cement towards the subsurface component. However, each perforating device 20 can contain a number of explosive charges 30 according to what is established by those skilled in this field, and it is only important that one explosive charge be directed towards the cover 12 in order for the present invention to be applied. But since the current perforating devices contain multiple explosive charges per foot, for example 6 in Figure 7, it is usually desirable to have a number of charges in one device that are directed towards the cover as they pass through the well opening. The preferred phase for six explosive charges in a combination of at least six explosive charges is as shown in Figure 8. In this example, the six explosive charges 30 are in an axial position and spaced radially in the perforating device assembly 20 in a coiled position. Three of the six explosive charges are directed to perforate the cover 12 and create channels 42, 40 and 44 when they explode, which extend through the cement 17 to component 6, while the remaining three charges are directed to create channels 46, 47 and 48 when they explode to penetrate the cement 17 and component 6, but they do not reach. To the cover 12. As shown in Figure (8), the angle between channels 40 and 42 and between channels 42 and 44 is approximately equal and depends on the diameter of the cover, the composition of the perforating device, and the distance between them. For example, the angle for the combination of a 21/8-inch punching device and a 41/2-inch cover is 30 degrees, and the angle

The combination of an 8/23-inch perforator and a 2/31-inch tube is 22.5 degrees, and the combination angle of an 8/27-inch and 8/27-inch cap and 17.50 penetration channels 40, 42, 44 and 46 - 48 consists of firing the charges. The explosive in each combination is directed to strike a plane that is perpendicular to the axis of the device combination, and one or more charges can be arranged to be launched at an angle proportional to the horizontal plane.

In another embodiment example of the present invention, the devices of the invention are installed from a cover 112 and multiple assemblies of the perforating device 120a-e (Figure 9) 0. After installing and placing them inside the well opening 102, the perforating device is placed in the outer part of the cover 112 next to the outer diameter thereof. It is preferable that the perforating devices 120a-e be located near the cover 112 using any appropriate means, for example, by means of metal strips wrapped around both the cover 112 and the fittings of the perforating devices 120a-e, or by means of a special connector, and to ensure that the distance between each of the perforating devices 120 The cap 112 does not change noticeably while the device composition of the present invention is placed in the well opening 102. Each perforating device has at least one explosive charge that is directed so that it is capable of creating a hole in the cap when it explodes. It is preferable to assemble the device assembly of the present invention at the entire well site, meaning a well inside the water or outside the shore platform at the surface 104, before performing the assembly process in the well opening 102. As explained in Figure (9), the means of issuing the signal 118, for example, could be An electrical line, extending from a suitable power source (not shown) on the surface 104 provides power to ignite the perforating device assemblies 120a-e.

The multiple perforating device assemblies 120a-e are positioned within the subsurface wellbore 102 adjacent to the desired subsurface components 106a-e after drilling the wellbore but before completing the wellbore. The device composition of the invention is placed adjacent to the desired subsurface component in any manner. The process of placing components 106a-e can be known from the hole hole logs and drilling information in the manner previously explained. Since the device combination is placed inside the well shaft, the logarithm of the manhole cover can be obtained and a relationship is established with the logarithm of the manhole hole so that the perforating devices 120a-e are placed accurately near the desired components 106a-e. It is usually desirable that the fluid circulate through

The cover and outlet that is located between the cover and the well hole before fixing it with cement. As is well established for those skilled in this field, the process of contraction or expansion and those changes that occur during the opening of the well must be taken into account during the initial placement of the composition in the present invention, especially when the desired composition is relatively thin in thickness. When the perforating device is placed correctly inside the well opening, the cement 117 is rotated downwards through the inner part 113 of the cover 112 and out towards the surface through the outlet 119 formed between the cover and the well opening, or in return, towards the bottom of the outlet 119 and through the cover 112 upwards towards the surface. Before the cement 117 is completely cured, the cap 112 can be reversed axially to ensure that the cement is placed evenly around the cap 112. After ensuring this, the multiple perforating device assemblies 120a-e that have been placed near the desired subsurface areas 106a-e can be detonated, in any desired order or manner, by sending an appropriate signal to the perforating device assembly electrically or through fluid pressure, via waves. Radio or any other appropriate method

Other.

According to the subject of one embodiment of the present invention which is illustrated in Figure 9, the firing of the perforating device 120a occurs upon receipt of a signal from the signaling means 118 so that the holes 150a (Figure 10a) are made through the cover 112 and the cement 117 towards the component 106a in the manner The previous explanation is in relation to the embodiment examples shown in Figures (6-8) above. Then, stimulating fluids 160a such as separating fluid containing proppants and/or acid-containing pellets that act as component change agents and/or processing fluids such as relative inhibitors and/or gelling fluids are then pumped from the surface 104 through the section The interior 113 of the cover 112 towards the holes 150a (Figure 10b). Rare radioactive elements can be incorporated into catalytic and/or process fluids to ensure correct replacement of the fluids and/or solids contained therein. In the case of separation fluids, parts 156a are formed and propagated through component 106a. When stimulating fluids such as acidizing fluids and/or treatment fluids are used, the fluids do not need to be pumped at sufficient pressure to operate Chapter 156A. The stimulation and/or treatment process continues with a controlled flow in the borehole 102. At this point (Figure 10c) the process can be suspended, for example.

When liquids are required to be produced from component 106a for test and/or evaluation operations or the subsequent component 106b may be processed immediately in the same manner as described above for component 106a (Figures 10d-f). This process is repeated in each area until the end (Figure 10g).

According to another embodiment example of the device configuration in the present invention which is illustrated in Figure 11, we find zone isolation devices 230a placed near the cover 212 between the perforation device configurations 220a-c. As shown in the example, the area isolation devices are connected to the means of issuing signals 218, preferably near the cover 212, by any suitable means, for example, through screws or networks. Suitable zone isolation devices, such as tongue valves or ball valves, are used to provide a telltale lock in the process described in the present invention through the interior portion 213 of the cover 212. In practice, fire is fired from the perforating device 220a or it is detonated when the signal reaches it by means of signals 218. Thus, holes 250a (Figure 11a) are made through the cover 212 and the cement 217 to the component 206a in the same manner previously explained in relation to Figures (6-10) above. Therefore, stimulation fluids 260a, such as separation fluids containing propagants and/or acids, and/or processing fluids such as relative inhibitors and/or gel fluids, are pumped from the surface 214 through the interior 213 of the cover 212 toward the holes 250a (Figure 11b). Rare radioactive elements may be included in the catalyst and/or process fluids to ensure that the fluids and/or solids contained therein are placed correctly. In the case of separation fluids, part 265a is formed and propagated through component 206a. When stimulating fluids are used, such as acidic fluids and/or process fluids, these fluids do not need to be pumped at sufficient pressure to create separations 256A. When the process of stimulation and/or treatment is complete, a signal is sent to the isolation device 230a and to the perforation device 220b via signal transmission means 218. In response to these signals, the perforation device 220b fires or explodes to form perforations 250b (Figure 11c), while the isolation device 230a is activated to lock the inner part 213 of the cover 212 to prevent the flow of liquids. The process of exploding the drilling device 220b and activating the isolation device 230a can occur simultaneously or alternately, although it is preferable for the fire to erupt.

From the perforating device 220B immediately before activating the isolation device 230A. At this point (Figure 11 e), the next component 206b is processed in the same way as previously explained for component 206a (Figure 11 e). The surface equipment is important in the process of pumping stimulation and/or treatment fluids through the casing 212, and according to the present invention, we do not need to move it from the surface at the well site while performing the process, nor do we need to move it up or down, thus reducing costs in conjunction with this process. This process is repeated in each area to be treated (Figure 11f) until the end (Figure 11g). Upon completion, zone isolation devices 230a and 230b shall be placed in an open location or may be destroyed by any suitable method such as drilling to allow fluids generated from and/or injected into components 206a, 206b and/or 206c to flow through the interior portion 213 of the cover 212. . Despite the explanation in Figures (11a-11g) when applied to three components, the process described in this example can be applied to any number of subsurface components that can be penetrated through a subsurface well.

An embodiment example of the composition and process contained in this invention, in which the technique of isolating the areas between the composition of the perforating device is used, is generally illustrated as shown in

300 In Figures (12a-16a), which include at least two perforating device combinations

320 and 320a, which are mounted on the outside of the cover 310 made by assembling lengths of individual tubulars in the same manner as previously described below, and a tongue-shaped valve 380 is placed between the punching device fittings 320 and 320a as shown below. The first length of the cover 310, the first special neck 304, the first male-to-female connector 314, the tongue valve under the fitting 310, and the second special neck 304 were fastened together in the same order previously presented and shown in Figure (12) using any suitable method, including screw-on connection. As shown in Figures 12 and 13, each of the special necks 304 as such has its first cylindrical shape and extends to the aperture 305 axially to form screw ends and a second straight radius that extends to the axial slot 306 which produces axially from the axial slot 305 and has an end extension 307 equipped with a screw head. To connect with the punching device and the second end shall be equipped with screws

To connect to a liquid pressure line, as explained later.

The tongue valve assembly 280 generally includes cylindrical body parts 381, 383, 385, and 386. They are fastened to each other by any suitable method such as cellulose bonding. Ring-shaped locks 382, 384, 388, and 387 provide a tight connection between fluids and generally form the tubular body. The body portion 383 is provided with an end 389 that provides fluid communication through the wall of the section 383 and is connected at one end to attach it to a fluid pressure line in the manner described later. The fold 400 is received in the body through sections 381, 383, 385, and 386, forming two chambers 394 and 395 at their assembly location as shown in Figures 14 or 15A. The crease 400 is raised outside the section 402 at a moderate length, thus exposing the opposing shoulders 404 and 406. The flap 400 can be moved relative to the body sections with an amount of movement limited to the protruding amount 402 outward along the end of the outlet chamber 395 and the annular outlet locks 391 and 392 to provide a fluid-tight seal between the flap 400 and the body sections 381 and 383. The tongue valve 396 is fixed on the body part 386 and its base is towards the closed part by connection with the outer seat 399 consisting of an end located in the body parts 386 by means of helical means 398 in order to prevent the flow of fluids through the opening of the inner part 390 of the subassembly. After assembly, the lingual valve 396 is placed in an opening through the outlet chamber 394 and is secured through it using the bend 400. The bend 400 is maintained in this position by means of ambient air pressure in the chamber 395 to act opposite the shoulders 404. The lingual valve 396 is made of any suitable material, for example ceramic or a relatively soft metal such as aluminum or cast iron, which can be removed by circular drilling or by hammering means.

Each of the perforating device assemblies 320 and 320a includes a blasting assembly 330 and a perforating device 350 . A suitable blasting compound that can be used is known to technicians in the field. An example of a detonation assembly suitable for use with the cover-punching assembly conveyor of this invention is shown in Figures 13 or 16A. One end of the cylindrical house 331 is fixed to the enlarged end 307 of the special neck 304, while the other end is fixed to the second part 332, which in turn is fixed to a third part 333 by any suitable means such as screw rotation. In addition, the outer housing 331 of the punching complex 230a has

It has an external extension in the form of a plug 364 that contains an opening 365 to communicate the fluid container with those inside the outer housing 331, as explained in greater detail later. The slot house 334 has an opening 335 formed medially in relation to its length and has one end attached to the inner part 346 which in turn is attached to a second part 332. The gun 336 is inserted through the orifice house 334 and the tubular end cap 337 and held in place by pegs 338 mounted in the assembly 339. The hexagon 336 expands until it connects with the peg 315 in the complex 320a. The detonation wedge 340 extends from the tip of the gun 336. The ejection chamber 341 is between the gun 336 and the firing head 342 and is filled with air at normal pressure. The firing view 342 adjoins the shoulder in the wall of the interior of the hole house 334 in the perforating complex where it is designed and employed to maintain the forging 343 on the spark conveyor 345 at one end of the interior 346. The internal part 346 is attached to a second part 334 by means of suitable screw-rotation fastening means. The spark conveyor 345, internal part 332, and second part 334 are each provided with an internal hole through which the punching rope 349 is passed. Two booster carriers 347 and 348 were placed in the second and third parts, 332 and 334, respectively, to connect the sections of the detonation rope 349 from above and below the area connecting the second and third parts, 332 and 334. One end of the third part is attached to one end of the perforating charge carrier 352 of the perforating assembly 350, while the other end of the charge carrier 352 is attached to the charge connection switch 353 by means of a solenoid valve fitting. The charge carrier 352 may be obtained commercially to carry perforated charges and contains at least one perforating charge 356 capable of making an opening in the cover and in a portion of the subsurface component adjacent thereto. The perforating charge tube 354 is placed within the charge holder 352 and has at least one large opening 355 that can be spaced vertically and at an angle about the axis in the tube. The charge holder 352 and the punching charge tube 354 have an elongated tubular union. The perforating charge 356 is installed in the hole 355 in the perforating charge tube 354 in a way that is known to technicians in this field, such that its large end 357 moves through the hole or slit 355 in the tube 354. In the case of multiple charges, they can be spaced vertically and at angles around the carrier axis. Charge density is determined by methods known to those working in this field

the field . The usual charge density is in the range from two to twenty-four per foot. The detonation cord 349 is connected to the small end 358 of each perforating charge 356 and to the final cap 359 in the power switch 353.

As shown in Figures 13A and 14A, the punching device assembly 320A is provided with an attachment 322 on the power switch. The accessory 322 has an opening 323 and is installed at the other end in the pistol housing 324 and quietly receives the pistol 326 in the inner part 325 of it. The other end of the gun housing is connected to a switch 327 that has a hole 328 through which a link to a fluid pressure line passes.

As assembled and shown in Figures 12A-16A, the first fluid pressure line 402 extends to the appropriate source (not shown) of the pressure fluid under surface pressure as confirmed by skilled technicians and is secured through one end of the opening 306 via a special connector 304 in any manner. Suitable such as screw rod 403. Another fluid pressure line 404 has one end connected to a hole 365 in a plug 364 of the punching device assembly 320a while the other end is connected to hole 306 via a special connector 304 in any suitable manner such as screw rods 405 and 406 respectively. Also remaining liquid pressure line 407 has one end connected to an orifice end 328 in a power switch 327 of the punching device assembly 320a while the other end is connected to the helical end in part 389 of the body section 383 of the tongue valve assembly 380 in any suitable manner such as the helical rod 408 and 409 respectively. .

In practice, embodiments of the example assembly shown previously in Figures 12a-16a are positioned within a subsurface well opening such that the perforating device assembly is adjacent to the desired subsurface components 206a and 206b in Figure 11a. The pressure fluid is then transferred under pressure from the appropriate source via the fluid pressure line 402 to the internal orifice through the perforating device manifold 320a which, as shown in detail in Figure 18, transfers the fluid pressure through the orifice 365 in the plug 364 and to the fluid pressure line 404. And the drilling device assembly 320, where the pressure appears through the pressure fluid to cause shearing of the pegs 338 to be cut and the peg 340 to be blown out to strike the firing head 342 and create a spark that strikes the drill 343. The process of creating a spark by using a drill 343 causes a secondary explosion in

The process of transferring the spark 345, which in turn creates a spark in the detonation rope 349. Detonation rope 349 includes an explosive extending between the two ends of each charge holder and passing between the backs of the charges and the charge clips holding the charges in the holder. The rope 349 produces a spark in the charge 356 located in the case of the charges 352 and the booster carrier, which contains a higher explosive than the detonation rope 349. The process of exploding charges 356 in the perforating device assembly 320 creates holes 250a through the cover 212 (Figure 16b). This means that the holes 311 through the cover 310 (Figures 16b and 16c), and the cement 217 to the component 206a in the manner previously explained in the example of Figure (11b). above . Stimulation fluids 260a, such as separation fluids containing propagants, acids, treatment fluids, standard inhibitors, and/or gel fluids, are then pumped from the surface 204 through the interior 213 of the cover 212 toward the holes 250a (Figure 11b). ). Rare radioactive elements may be introduced into the catalyst and/or process fluids to ensure that the material formed is properly placed during formation 206a. When using acidic fluids and/or treatment fluids, these fluids do not need to be pumped at a pressure sufficient to cause cracking 256A.

When the stimulation and/or treatment process is complete, the fluid pressure in the line 402 increases until the shear pegs 338 in the perforating device assembly 320A begin the shearing process. In this case, the gun 336 located in the assembly of the perforating device 320A is fired to move it (Figure 19) by closing the hole 365 with a stopper 364 to prevent the flow of fluids. The movement of the gun 336 also causes the shot from the peg 340 to strike the firing head 342, thus creating a spark by striking the drill 343, the punching rope 349, and the charges 356 (Figure 13c) in the charge holder 352 to create holes 250b, Figure (11c), and this means that holes occur. 313 In the cover 310 Figure (13c). There is a connection between the pressure of the fluids inside the cover 0 31 towards those fluids inside 325 of the house 324, which forces the gun 326 in the accumulator 320a to move the pressure fluid to flow through the line 407 and the opening 389 to work against the shoulder 406 of the bend 400. In response, the crease 400 moves until the shoulder 404 is adjacent to the end of the chamber 395, thus allowing the lingual valve 396 to rotate and engage with the seat 399 (Figure 15c). In this way, the tongue valve 380 closes the inner part of the cap 310 (212 in Fig. 11b) to prevent the flow of liquid. And after

Thus, stimulating fluids 260b such as separation fluids containing proppants and/or acids and/or processing fluids such as standard inhibitors and/or gel fluids are pumped from the surface 204 through the interior 213 of the cover 212 (310) to the holes 250b (Figure 11d) This means holes 313 (Figure 13c). When complete, the zone isolation devices 230 or 230b may be operated in open areas or destroyed in any appropriate manner, such as by drilling them to permit the flow through the interior portion 213 of the cover 212 of those fluids generated from and/or injected into components 206a, 206b, and/or 206c.

While the embodiment example of the device assembly of the present invention illustrated in Figures 12a-16a has two perforation assemblies 230 and 230a to complete two subsurface components, it is apparent to technicians skilled in the field of embodiment assemblies that it can be applied to three or more. Of the subsurface components by repeating part of composition 300 that explodes in the manner shown in Figures (12a-16a). The correct spacing between perforation fittings 230 and 230a or repeating fittings 230a to handle multiple subsurface components, is achieved by varying the lengths of the first and/or second cover 310 as is consistent for skilled technicians in this field.

The following examples illustrate the practicality and utility of the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the scope of this invention.

Example

A well was drilled with a 7.875-inch drill bit to 4,000 feet with 11 lb/gal capacity to drill into the clay and a 9.625-inch surface cover was placed at 500 feet. The logarithm of the hole was made and analyzed with other information such as information about the nature of the land, drilling information, and the logarithm of the clay. Three potential oil productions present in the well were identified. Carbonate components are found from 3,700 feet to 3,715 feet, and it is believed that their productivity is low unless stimulated. The sandstone component, which occurs at a depth of 3,600 to 3,710 feet, is believed to have low productivity unless stimulated. Highly separable carbonates are found at a depth of 3,500 to 3,510 feet, and it is believed that they do not require any stimulation. All depend

The previously mentioned depths are on open logs. An embodiment of the device configuration of the present invention is made with an outside radius of the cap of 3.5 inches and the cement flotation equipment is located at the end of the cap. The hardware assembly also contains three mounted crowing devices with an outside diameter of 2.375 inches and oriented to throw toward the cover and component, all provided with six charges per foot formed. The crowing device assembly (A) contains 15 feet of formed perforation charges, while the perforation device combination (B) and (C) contain 10 formed crowing charges. A tongue valve with a tongue made of ceramic was used in the Al-Naib complex assembly (D). Approximately 100 feet of cover with cement flotation equipment extends from under the conductor toward the drilling rig (A). The equipment was positioned using special connectors in the 3.5-inch cap and separation tube, and the upper perforating charge in the manifold (A) was used as a reference such that the tongue valve manifold (D) was at a distance of 80 feet from the reference point. The highest drilling assembly (B) shall be within 100 feet from the reference point and the perforating assembly shall be (A). The perforating complex (C) is positioned 200 feet from the reference point. A control line using fluid pressure is connected to all appropriate manifolds and extends toward the opening location with an additional 305 inches of casing that needs to include each screw by placing metal hands around the control line and casing every 30 feet to the top of the well opening.

The cap screw is inserted into the wellbore until the pipe measurements suggest the top of the perforating device (A) to be positioned at a depth of 3,700 feet from the pipe measurement. The well is rotated by mud drilling and the cover neck logarithm for gamma candles is performed to determine the relative position of the Naib Complex (A) at the depths of the hole drilling. Based on the relationship, the need for equipment and casing to be lowered through the well opening is determined to an additional depth of 5 feet to be at a precise depth, and the logarithm equipment is removed from the well. The tube is lowered into the well opening to a total depth of 6 feet, and as engineering calculations suggest, the movement of the cap is linked to the screw for approximately one foot during the cement placement process. The casing is lowered into the wellhead equipment and secured with cement in the empty hole by pumping 15.8 lb/gallon of cement in sufficient quantities to fill the interior. The cement is stirred with 9.0 lb/gallon of highly saline water in the cement flotation equipment.

In the following days, when the cement is cured, the perforating manifold (A) explodes to communicate on the surface with the fluid pressure control line, which is installed outside the cover, and a pressure of 1500 PSI is applied to the surface to activate the pressure that activates the firing head. It may be desirable to try to enable this amount to flow into the interior of the lid and rise up through the lid to the surface to obtain preliminary information. This low volume of the well is stimulated with acids by pumping 10,000 gallons of 15% hydrochloric acid at a pressure of 3,500 pais at an injection rate of 5 barrels per minute. The acids are removed in the first stage of liquid separation, which can be used to stimulate the second stage from 3,600 to 3,610 feet. The acid removal process stops when the last remaining acids are located from the lowest holes (3,700 feet to 3,715 feet) to 3,300 feet. Immediately thereafter, the perforating assembly (B) explodes when a pressure of 2,500 PSI is applied to the surface to activate the firing head. The perforation process enables the static fluid pressure inside the cap to enter the perforation manifold (B) and travel down the secondary line to activate and lock the tongue valve in the perforation manifold (D). This pot is also perforated with acids through the holes, which can help dissolve the ground cement from the perforation process. Sand separation stimulation fluid (30,000 pounds of sand in 12,000 gallons of separation fluid) is successively pumped into this medium well and transported to the holes via salt water. The perforating assembly (C) is then detonated by applying a surface pressure of 3,500 PSI to activate the firing head. All three quantities together produce the top of the lid towards the surface. On a later date, the wire line will determine that there is no sand at the top of the lingual valve complex (D). The flow towards the surface stops and the pressure decreases by 1 inch diameter bar for every 10 feet of length to pass the tongue valve towards the particles. After that, the well returns to production.

The process and apparatus presented in this invention may include the use of propellants coupled to the perforating device composition to stimulate the activity of the resulting components and to stimulate the subsurface components. In the present embodiment the propellant material is in the form of a plug, bar, assembly, or other aggregate that is outside the perforation device assembly.

The cover and in the way in which at least one explosive charge is placed in at least one perforating device to be used in the process used in the present invention. The propellants may be placed in one or more 20, 120, 220, or 350 perforators and 12, 112, 212, or 310 caps respectively. When the explosive charge in the perforating device explodes, the propellant materials that were placed in the path towards which the explosive charges are intended are divided into parts and ignite as a result of the shock, heat and pressure resulting from the explosive charge. When one or more charges penetrate a subsurface component, compressed gas is generated from the combustion of propellant materials. This gas enters the component through the newly formed holes, thus cleaning these holes of residues. These propelling gases can also stimulate the component by such that the component is able to communicate with the borehole via means of pressure generated by the propelling gases, which separates the component. Additionally, or alternatively, the perforating device holder, such as the charge holder 352, may be designed to contain propellants that create a spark by detonating the explosive charge. The process of disintegration of the carrier when sparking can help communicate the resulting holes formed by perforating devices that have multiple explosive charges. It is preferable that the propellant materials be treated with epoxy, and there are carbon fiber formulations that have an oxidizer, such as the one commercially available from the company

(HTH Technical Services) based in Coeur d'Alene, Id.

In addition to equipment such as logarithm logging equipment and gamma rays mentioned above,

The device assembly of the present invention may include other equipment such as temperature and pressure meters, which are placed on the outside of the housing of the device assembly and connected to the signal generation device 18 if it is necessary to connect them to a power source. The use of logarithmic measuring instruments, gamma ray logging, and temperature and pressure meters can provide valuable real-time information that enables a skilled technician in this field to estimate the growth of separation when subsurface components separate using the process and device combination mentioned in this invention.

While preferred embodiments have been explained and illustrated, it is understood that alternatives and developments such as those suggested and others can be made in this invention and are within the scope of the present invention.