Method for controlling maintenance and repair of complex technical objects and system for implementation thereof

The invention relates to the field of automation and telemechanics using computer technology and is intended for use in the repair and maintenance of various complex technical objects: locomotives and other objects of railway transport, objects of air and motor transport, special equipment, industrial equipment, etc.

A known method for managing the maintenance and repair of traction rolling stock of railway transport (see patent RU 2569216, IPC: B61K 11/00, publ. 11/20/2015), including the incident management stage, at which they collect data for diagnosing the current technical condition of the equipment, including from the on-board control systems of the locomotive during its operation, identify failures, deviations from the norm and other incidents and classify them; the stage of problem management, at which data are processed using the methods of mathematical statistics and factor (correlation) analysis, the causes of incidents are identified and, on the basis of the data of the updated information base, the preferred method for eliminating these causes is determined; as well as the stage of service management, at which key indicators of the quality of maintenance and repair and their relationship with the identified incidents and / or problems are analyzed, a correlation analysis of the entire accumulated database is carried out and, if necessary, the parameters controlled during the management process, the procedure for collecting them are changed and / or frequency of measurements.

However, how the control is carried out, what parameters are controlled, what key quality indicators are adopted, how they are collected and analyzed - the patent materials are not disclosed, as a result of which it is impossible to judge the completeness and objectivity of the repair quality control.

The closest analogue for the claimed technical solution is a method for managing the repair and maintenance of railway locomotives, disclosed in US patent US 6959235, IPC: G06F 17/30, publ. 25.10.2005.

Like the proposed method, the known method for managing the maintenance and repair of complex technical objects (locomotives) includes: collection of data on the technical condition of facilities (locomotives), their processing with a comprehensive assessment of the technical condition of each facility, based on the results of which recommendations for its repair and maintenance are formed, including a list of operations to be performed, with appropriate instructions, transmission of instructions to portable technical terminals specialists, receiving feedback from them, updating data on the technical condition of the facility in the process of its maintenance with the specification of the list of operations, as well as monitoring the performance of operations.

Repair of complex technical objects, which include locomotives, consisting of a large number of different units and assemblies, is a complex of interrelated processes that requires taking into account a variety of factors, regulatory, reference and technical information.

The collection and processing of data is carried out in the diagnostic center, which accumulates large arrays of statistical and operational information on the technical condition of the entire fleet of locomotives, as well as technical, regulatory, reference and other information, which makes it possible to form effective recommendations for the repair and maintenance of the facility, taking into account its data. current state and all changes made to the structure during previous repairs.

At the same time, the presence of feedback from technical specialists allows, during maintenance, to clarify the information available in the center about the technical condition of the facility, promptly correct recommendations and the list of operations assigned to execution.

The disadvantages of the closest analogue include the low objectivity of control over the quality of repairs due to the fact that control of compliance with the technology of repair work is carried out only according to the data provided by workers (specialists) through their portable terminals, the reliability of this information is entirely determined by the responsibility of the employee. The lack of control over the observance of the repair technology does not allow achieving a stable quality of the work performed.

Known management system for the maintenance and repair of traction rolling stock of railway transport (see patent RU 2569216, IPC: B61K 11/00, publ. 20.11.2015), including at least one server with an information input-output system, on which software installed, and measuring equipment transmitting data to the specified server. The server includes an incident management unit that collects data from measuring equipment and classifies incidents, a problem management unit with a replenished information base that processes data using mathematical statistics and factor (correlation) analysis to identify the causes of incidents and determine the preferred method for eliminating these causes , and a service control unit, made with the ability to analyze key indicators of the quality of maintenance and repair using mathematical methods.

However, the materials of the patent lack information about the controlled parameters, the means and methods of their collection, etc., which does not allow judging the completeness and objectivity of the repair quality control.

As the closest analogue for the claimed management system for the maintenance and repair of complex technical objects, the system disclosed in the materials of the patent US 6959235, IPC: G06F 17/30, publ. 25.10.2005.

The signs of the closest analogue, similar to those of the claimed control system, are as follows: the known maintenance and repair management system includes portable terminals of technicians with specialized software applications associated with an information and analytical center, including a unit for collecting data on the technical state of an object, a data processing unit capable of a comprehensive assessment of the technical condition of an object, taking into account the regulatory reference, technical and statistical information, a unit for generating recommendations for repair and maintenance, a unit for generating a list of operations to be performed and corresponding instructions, a unit for communication with portable terminals of technicians and a unit for monitoring operations.

The information and analytical center, which has large technical capacities, collects data on the technical condition of objects to be repaired, carries out their processing, gives a comprehensive assessment of the technical condition of each object, generates recommendations for its repair and maintenance, and monitors their implementation. Portable terminals provide reception and display of instructions for technical specialists, serve to transmit to the center reports on the work performed and additionally revealed information about the technical condition of the object, thanks to which recommendations for repairs and a list of scheduled operations are specified.

Quality control of the work performed is carried out by means of control tests of the repaired units and assemblies and of the entire object as an assembly before going into operation, i.e. according to the technical condition of the object after repair and restoration work. The disadvantages of the closest analogue include the lack of control over the observance of the repair technology, which does not allow achieving a stable quality of the work performed.

The invention is aimed at solving the problem of stability of the quality of repair work and maintenance work, by providing automatic tracking of the technological process of repair (maintenance), information transparency of work, increasing objectivity and completeness of control.

The solution to the above technical problem is achieved by using the proposed method for managing the maintenance and repair of complex technical objects, including the collection of data on the technical condition of objects, their processing with a comprehensive assessment of the technical condition of each object, the formation of recommendations for the repair and maintenance of the facility and a list of operations to be performed, with appropriate instructions, transmission of instructions to portable terminals of technicians and receiving response information from them, updating data on the technical state of the facility in the process of its maintenance and repair, specifying the list of operations, and monitoring their implementation. According to the claimed invention, operations performed with the use of repair and diagnostic equipment are distinguished from the list of operations, tasks are formed for each piece of equipment, containing permissible operating modes with appropriate settings and controlled parameters, which include parameters of the technical state of the object and parameters of self-monitoring of the technical condition and position of the equipment. , carry out the address transfer of tasks to the equipment, automatically receive from it the response information with the measurement data of the monitored parameters, while the control of the operations is carried out on the basis of the aggregate of data received from the portable terminals of technicians and from the equipment.

Unlike the closest analogue, in the proposed method, in parallel with the formation of instructions for technicians and receiving feedback from them, instructions are formed - tasks for the technological equipment involved in operations, repair and diagnostic, their transfer to the equipment and the reception of feedback in automatic mode from the equipment containing the results of measurements of the specified controlled parameters.

At the same time, the monitored parameters include not only the parameters characterizing the technical condition of the repaired (or diagnosed) object, but also the parameters of self-monitoring of the technical condition and the position of the equipment itself, which makes it possible to judge the observance of the technological regime when performing operations. Automatic data collection ensures their high objectivity.

Such automatic tracking of compliance with the repair and maintenance technology contributes to information transparency of work, ensures high objectivity of control, the ability to quickly identify violations and shortcomings of the technological process and quickly eliminate them.

As a result, a consistently high quality of repair and maintenance work is achieved.

Monitoring the execution of operations includes tracking and analyzing the sequence and time of operations, composition, condition and movements of equipment and technicians in the process of performing operations.

To increase the objectivity of tracking technical specialists, a biometric identification method is used, on the basis of which the actual composition of the personnel, the level of competence, and readiness to perform operations are determined. Technicians' movements are tracked by the location of their handheld terminals in the wireless coverage area.

The analysis can be carried out by forming (building) a model of the implemented technological process and comparing it with an exemplary model of the technological process, formed in advance on the basis of regulatory and technical documentation and standard technological maps.

A technological map is a standardized document containing the necessary information and instructions for the personnel performing the maintenance of the facility, technological documentation, which describes in detail the process of performing the operation, the stages of the operation, production equipment, tools, materials, technological modes required for the operation time, qualifications of workers, etc. NS.

The deficiencies of the technological process revealed in the process of control, its so-called "bottlenecks" and "points of key losses", make it possible to promptly correct the exemplary model used as a reference in the analysis of the technological process.

The solution to the technical problem is also achieved by improving the management system for the maintenance and repair of complex technical objects, containing portable terminals of technical specialists associated with the information and analytical center, including: unit for collecting data on the technical state of an object, a data processing unit capable of a comprehensive assessment of the technical condition of an object, a unit for generating recommendations for the repair and maintenance of an object, a unit for generating a list of operations to be performed with appropriate instructions, a communication unit with portable terminals of technicians and a block for monitoring the execution of operations.

Improvements of the system consist in the fact that according to the claimed invention, the information and analytical center is equipped with an equipment control unit with functional capabilities that provide selection from the list of operations performed with the use of repair and diagnostic equipment, the formation of tasks for each piece of equipment, address transfer of tasks to equipment, receiving response data from equipment and processing them, technological equipment is equipped with means of receiving, transmitting and displaying information, sensors for self-monitoring of the technical condition and position and software that implement a two-way communication interface with the equipment control unit, while portable terminals and technological equipment are connected to the information and analytical center through a wireless network containing, at least three access points.

Unlike the closest analogue, the proposed system provides automatic control of equipment used in the process of repair and maintenance of complex technical objects, which is realized thanks to the equipment control unit, which interacts with the rest of the blocks of the information and analytical center.

The equipment control unit selects from the list of operations performed using repair and diagnostic equipment, generates tasks for each piece of equipment, carries out their address transfer to equipment equipped with appropriate software that implements a two-way communication interface with the equipment control unit, as well as receiving response data from equipment and their processing.

The tasks generated by the equipment control unit contain the permitted modes of operation with the corresponding settings (tuning parameters) and a list of monitored parameters, including the parameters of the technical condition of the repaired (serviced) object (node, unit) and the parameters of self-monitoring of the technical condition and position of the equipment, which can be monitored. those that each piece of technological equipment is equipped with sensors for self-monitoring of the technical condition and position.

Such collection of information from equipment and technological equipment, performed with self-monitoring capabilities, carried out in an automatic mode, allows you to objectively track the time of the beginning and end of the operation, the duration of its course and other parameters of the technological process, eliminates the influence of inaccurate data associated with wear or breakdown of equipment. to assess the quality of operations, to exclude the replacement of equipment, ensure its rational use, transparency of the process of identifying defects in a technically complex facility and their elimination, the possibility of prompt detection and elimination of violations and shortcomings of the maintenance (repair) process.

Due to the fact that all portable terminals and technological equipment are connected to the information and analytical center via a wireless network with at least three access points, it is possible to easily track their position in the coverage area of ​​this network, which makes it possible to judge the movements made by technical specialists and equipment in the process of performing operations. As a result, the possibilities of monitoring compliance with the technical process of repair and maintenance are expanded, and its objectivity is additionally increased.

All this contributes to the consistently high quality of repair and maintenance work.

In preferred embodiments of the system, the operation control unit is configured to monitor and analyze the sequence and time of operations, as well as the composition, state and movement of equipment and portable terminals of technicians in the process of performing operations.

The block for monitoring the execution of operations is made with the possibility of forming a model of the implemented technological process and comparing it with an exemplary model of the technological process, formed in advance on the basis of regulatory and technical documentation and technological maps.

In preferred embodiments, the system includes a biometric identification device for technicians associated with the clearing house.

Each portable terminal is equipped with means for receiving, transmitting and displaying multimedia information, means for entering text and voice messages, a video camera and elements that ensure ease of transfer and use.

Portable terminals are equipped with software applications that provide the possibility of interaction between specialists of different levels of responsibility: foreman, technologist, inspector and executors,

differing functionality among themselves.

The essence of the proposed method for managing the maintenance and repair of complex technical objects is illustrated by the example of the operation of the control system for the maintenance and repair of complex technical objects, schematically shown in the drawing.

The control system for the maintenance and repair of complex technical objects (hereinafter referred to as objects) includes: an information and analytical center 1 and connected with it via a wireless network 2 portable terminals 3 technical specialists and technological equipment 4, represented by various equipment for carrying out control and diagnostic and repair and recovery works (diagnostic and repair equipment).

Each piece of equipment 4 is equipped with means of receiving, transmitting and displaying information, a block of sensors for self-monitoring of the technical condition and position of the equipment, as well as software that implements a two-way communication interface with the information and analytical center 1.

Information and Analytical Center 1 (otherwise - IAC 1) is a hardware and software complex, including:

a data collection unit (1.1), configured to form a data bank containing information about the technical state of the object, updating the data bank and its temporary storage until it is moved to the archive part of the memory unit (1.2);

data processing unit (1.3), made with the possibility of a comprehensive assessment of the technical condition of the object;

block (1.4) for the formation of recommendations for repair and maintenance

block (1.5) forming a list of operations to be performed;

while blocks 1.3 - 1.5 are made with the ability to work with databases of reference, statistical (archive), technical and other information stored in the memory unit (1.2) and / or external, in relation to IAC 1;

communication unit (1.6) with portable terminals of technicians, including a database of technicians;

equipment control unit (1.7) containing the equipment database;

block for monitoring the execution of operations (1.8);

as well as a block of communication with external devices (1.9) and, if necessary, other functional blocks.

All blocks 1.1-1.9 are made with the possibility of data exchange, for example, via the data bus 1.10.

The database (DB) of technical specialists contains a list of technical specialists of the repair and maintenance service, their qualifications, an individual code (for example, a personnel number), a work schedule and other necessary data.

At the beginning of each work shift, the list (composition) of technical specialists admitted to work and present at the workplace is specified. For this purpose, a biometric personnel identification device 5 installed at the entrance to the depot (service) and connected to the IAC 1, for example, via wireless network 2, or by other communication, can be used.

The equipment database includes a list of repair and diagnostic equipment 4 and the corresponding data for each piece of equipment: name, unique (inventory) number, date of last verification, technical characteristics, tuning parameters, location, etc.

In one example of the implementation of the system, the information and analytical center 1 can be made in the form of a single computing device (computer, server). In this case, the division into blocks is conditional, which can be implemented by means of appropriate software.

In other examples of the implementation of the system, the IAC units 1, all or only a part, can be made in the form of several computing devices (computers, servers), interconnected by internal communication, wired or wireless.

In this case, the blocks (devices) can be geographically separated from each other.

Portable terminals 3 (otherwise - PT 3) are portable mobile devices made like smartphones, tablets or other minicomputers equipped with specialized software applications with a convenient user interface. Each portable terminal 3 has means for receiving, transmitting and displaying multimedia information, means for inputting text and voice messages, a photo-video camera and elements that provide ease of transfer and use, for example, elements for attaching to the user's arm or clothes.

Specialized software applications PT 3 provide the possibility of interaction between specialists of different levels of responsibility: foreman, technologist, inspector and performers (workers), and differ in some functional capabilities.

Wireless network 2, built on the basis of at least three access points, seamlessly covers the area of ​​operations, like a cellular network, which allows real-time tracking of the location of portable terminals 3 of technicians and equipment 4.

The use of a common wireless network 2 as a connection for PT 3 and equipment 4 with IAC 1 is preferable, however, it does not exclude the possibility of using two different networks, as well as the use of wired communication.

The proposed method can be applied in the field of repair and maintenance of various complex technical objects, such as: locomotives, wagons, subway trains, buses, trolleybuses and other technical means of railway, air and motor transport, special equipment, industrial equipment, etc., consisting of many individual units and assemblies subject to periodic maintenance.

Consider the implementation of the proposed method using the example of repair and maintenance of a locomotive.

The method for managing the maintenance and repair of complex technical objects, in particular locomotives, is implemented by the above-mentioned system as follows.

During the operation of a complex technical object (hereinafter referred to as a locomotive), operational information is collected about the technical condition and operation of its components and assemblies from various systems, devices and applications. For locomotives (and locomotive sections), such information is the data collected by its on-board monitoring, diagnostic and control systems 6.

On-board systems 6 during the operation of the locomotive form telemetry data arrays characterizing the state of its main components and assemblies, identify deviations from the norm and any situations other than normal, cases of failures and damage to components and assemblies, violations of control and operation modes that can cause a decrease resource of nodes, occurrence and development of hidden defects in them.

The data collected by on-board systems 6 are automatically transmitted in real time to IAC 1 via technological communication channels.

Additional sources 7 of information about the technical condition of the locomotive are the electronic logbook, where information on malfunctions and comments in the operation of equipment detected by the locomotive crew is entered, and various electronic databases of railway services, in which events related to the locomotive are recorded (mileage, comments, data inspections).

IAC 1 accumulates information on the technical condition of a whole fleet of locomotives, for example, belonging to one or several railway divisions (depot, branch, landfill).

All information goes to the data collection unit 1.1, which forms the corresponding data bank for each locomotive. The unique side number of the locomotive and the identification numbers of its components and assemblies are used as identifiers of data compliance.

In the databank, all operational information that comes in preliminary and during the repair process is stored until the completion of the repair (maintenance), after which it is transferred to the archive part of the memory block 1.2, where the history of repairs and maintenance of the locomotive is stored.

The collected data (for each locomotive) is processed using the software of the data processing unit 1.3, identifying failures and pre-failure states of equipment, remarks imposing restrictions on further operation, and other incidents, form a predictive estimate of the time of permissible operation. The predictive estimate is compared with the regulated time intervals for maintenance and repair, the criticality of comments and incidents is assessed in comparison with the regulated list of unacceptable malfunctions in terms of operating conditions, a comprehensive assessment of the technical condition of the locomotive is given, using normative reference databases and data obtained empirically.

Based on the results of a comprehensive assessment, block 1.4 forms (creates, generates) recommendations for repair and maintenance: it determines the time of setting the object for repair and a repair position, assigns the type of maintenance or repair, and gives a predictive estimate of the duration of repair.

Based on the assigned type of maintenance or repair, block 1.5 generates a list of operations to be performed, and the list is formed according to the most critical remark from the totality of the information received.

Initially, this list includes standard (planned, cyclic) operations, such as: inspection (acceptance for repair), diagnostics, lubrication, operations with a division by type of work (electrical, pneumatics, mechanics, etc.), control tests, acceptance for operation and other operations specific to the facility.

Operations are distributed among the technical specialists of the depot (or other service organization), on the portable terminals 3 of which the corresponding instructions are transmitted.

All technical specialists, before starting work, identify themselves by entering an individual code (for example, full name, personnel number, etc.) on their portable terminal 3. In this case, the information goes to block 1.6 of IAC 1, which tracks and clarifies the database of technical specialists, on on the basis of which the further distribution of operations is carried out.

At the time determined based on the preliminary analysis of the data, the locomotive arrives at the repair department of the depot.

When entering the depot, the locomotive is identified, for example, by optical recognition of its side number and radio frequency identification of the nodes. In this case, input diagnostics, the so-called "diagnostics on the fly", can be carried out. The identification data and data from the input diagnostics means 8 are transmitted via wireless communication channels of the network 2 (or in another way) to the IAC 1, where the data collection unit 1.1 activates the corresponding data bank, updates the information.

Before being put for repair, the locomotive is inspected by a specialist-receiver, who performs acceptance using the portable terminal 3, according to the established list of checks, fills out an electronic form, the so-called. "Electronic checklist", which records all the identified comments, defects, deviations from the norm, and transfers it to IAC 1, if necessary, with the attachment of photographs and / or video recordings and / or own text comments.

The information received is stored in the databank, updated (revised) data are processed, and the list of operations to be performed during repair (maintenance) is specified. In addition to the planned (typical, cycle) work on the revised data, depending on the severity of the identified defects and comments, additional (over-cycle) work can be assigned, which is also distributed among the technical specialists.

Examples of such supercycle work are: cleaning and fixing covers, repairing rear-view mirrors, glasses, lights, body elements (steps, steps, locks, etc.), replacing cracked covers and burnt out light bulbs found during a visual inspection carried out by a specialist inspector ...

The distribution of work (operations) is carried out mainly in automatic mode, directly from the IAC 1 through block 1.6, by addressing the transfer of the relevant instructions to the PT 3 technical specialists. In some cases, for these purposes, a portable terminal of the depot master can be used, the functionality of which includes the function of distributing operations, which makes it possible to distribute operations between employees in manual mode, taking into account the current situation at the site.

Additional terminals (not shown in the drawing) can be installed at the repair positions, duplicating applications and information of the PT 3 technical specialists working in these positions. These additional terminals have a larger display for better visualization of information.

The equipment control unit 1.7 (hereinafter BUO 1.7) selects from the general list of operations those that require the use of repair or diagnostic equipment, and converts them into the corresponding tasks for each piece of equipment 4 intended for use.

These tasks include: permitted modes of operation with the corresponding settings (tuning parameters, settings) and a list of monitored parameters, as well as interactive prompts for specialists working with equipment, displayed on the built-in displays of equipment 4 (display devices).

Among the monitored parameters, there are those that characterize the technical condition of the diagnosed or repaired object (unit, unit) and the parameters of self-monitoring of the technical condition and position of the equipment itself, which make it possible to assess compliance with the technological regime. These parameters are mandatory, but do not limit the possibility of including other monitored parameters in the list.

Using wireless network 2, BUO 1.7 carries out address transfer of tasks to repair and diagnostic equipment 4, previously identified as working (serviceable) in the equipment database.

The specialist (performer) receives repair instructions on his portable terminal 3 in the form of a text message indicating the technological operation to be performed, the identification data of the unit of repair or diagnostic equipment that will be involved in this operation, the corresponding explanations and, if necessary, drawings and other technical information or links to it. Instructions for technicians can be presented in multimedia format.

The specialist turns on the corresponding equipment 4 and, guided by interactive prompts on the equipment display, performs the prescribed actions, while confirming their execution from his portable terminal 3. After acknowledging the appropriate control elements provided by the application, sends to IAC 1 the corresponding messages about the start of work , the end of the intermediate stages, the end of the operation.

In the process of operation, the equipment 4 generates response information containing the results of measurements of the controlled parameters, which is transmitted to the BUO 1.7. Below are examples of monitored parameters for various types of equipment.

So, for a mobile device for monitoring the quality of insulation, the monitored parameters include the parameters of the technical state of the object, namely: insulation resistance, voltage, current, the ratio of resistance values ​​measured at specified times, time intervals, and the parameters of self-monitoring of the device, which include: power consumption per measurement cycle, maximum and minimum current value per measurement cycle, maximum and minimum voltage at open measuring inputs per measurement cycle, data on the device position in the shop.

The system for monitoring and diagnostics of pantographs transmits the controlled parameters of the technical state of the object, such as: the force of pressing the pantograph on the contact wire, the difference between the largest and the smallest pressure, the height of the maximum rise of the pantograph, the time of raising the mobile system to the maximum working height, the time of lowering the mobile system with the greatest working heights, time intervals for the pantograph to pass various height intervals when lifting and lowering. Self-monitoring parameters of the pantograph monitoring and diagnostics system include: value of zero force before and after measurements; the value of the current consumption of the electric motor, the value of the voltage on the AB, the zero position of the sensor for measuring linear displacements, the current of the AB charge, the data of the position in the shop.

For the jack used when replacing bogies for raising and lowering the body, the controlled parameters of the state of the object are the data of the positions of the working bodies, characterizing the extreme points of the position of the body during lifting and lowering, as well as the time of its movement from one control point to another. The parameters of self-monitoring of the jack status include: on / off time, operating time, consumed and peak power, power distribution by operating time, position data in the shop, etc.

The measurement results of the monitored parameters are transmitted to the equipment control unit 1.7 in automatic mode and in parallel are displayed on the built-in display of the equipment.

BUO 1.7 analyzes the data array received from equipment 4, automatically determines the status of the technological operation, compares the measured parameters of the monitored (diagnosed) object with critical values ​​and determines its technical condition. If there are deviations from the norm, the type of defect is classified, its possible cause and additional operations necessary to localize the cause of the deviation are determined.

In this case, BUO 1.7 generates a set of additional tasks for equipment 4 and transfers them to this equipment.

In a number of cases, for example, when an additional task requires additional repair and restoration work on the part of technical specialists, BUO 1.7 generates a list of additional recommendations, which transmits, along with the corresponding measurement results, to the data collection unit 1.1 of IAC 1.

The information received from BUO 1.7 starts the process of updating the database. The updated data are processed by blocks 1.3 - 1.5 and an additional list of recommendations is formed that clarify the previously formed list of operations.

In the event that additional repair and restoration work goes beyond the scope of the standard technological process, IAC 1 issues appropriate instructions to the technologist's portable terminal 3, who develops the technological process for performing these works at the working position, agrees it with the foreman, who appoints the performers, and sends through the IAC 1 to the portable terminals 3 of the relevant performers.

As the tasks are completed by the repair and diagnostic equipment 4, information on the state of the locomotive components and assemblies is constantly supplemented, concretized, and on its basis a summary assessment of the technical condition of each assembly and the locomotive as a whole is formed in the process of performing maintenance or repairs.

The list of operations performed indicates the status of each operation, confirmed by portable terminals 3 technicians and equipment 4.

The data on the beginning and the end of the execution of each operation provided by the technological process (its status) is monitored by the operation control unit (1.8), which also accumulates other control information, including data on the movements of mobile equipment and technical specialists.

The control unit 1.8 organizes and systematizes the control information received from the PT 3 technical specialists and equipment, forms a model of the implemented technological process, which is compared with an exemplary model of the technological process, built in advance on the basis of reference documentation and standard technological maps and refined on the basis of empirical data.

For the formation (construction) and comparison of models, any known methods can be used that allow for computer data processing. For clarity of comparison of models and visual control of the technical process, it is possible to represent models in the form of graphs, timing diagrams, tables, etc.

As a result of the comparison, deviations are determined in time intervals and in the order of implementation of operations, in the involvement of personnel and technological equipment in these operations, discrepancies are revealed, for example, at the times of the beginning and end of technological operations, determined according to data received from PT 3 technicians and from equipment 4.

Automatic detection of mismatch points, both time intervals and sequences of operations, allows you to quickly identify the flaws in the technological process, detect key loss points and control them in real time, take appropriate measures to eliminate them, or adjust the model model of the technological process.

Correction of the reference model and its rewriting in the memory block 1.2 is carried out after the complete completion of the repair and maintenance work.

IAC 1 can be connected with an automated storage system for spare parts and equipment 9, a situation center 10, various station systems 11 that form a train composition, monitor movement parameters, etc. Communication with these external, relative to the system, devices can be carried out through the global telecommunications network 12 or through other wired or wireless channels, for example, industrial communication. For communication with external devices, block 1.9 of IAC 1 is used.

All information on the maintenance and repair of a complex technical object is available in real time to all participants in the process, and can be additionally reflected, for example, on the monitor of the situation center 10.

When the status of "completion" is reached by the entire list of repair and diagnostic operations, including assembly and testing of a locomotive, block 1.3 generates a protocol for admitting the locomotive into operation, which is transmitted to the portable terminal of the acceptance specialist. The latter makes notes in the electronic form of the protocol, and in the absence of comments and deviations, allows the admission to operation.

Thanks to the automatic collection of monitored parameters, their high reliability is ensured.

The collection of self-monitoring parameters of the state and position of the equipment allows you to monitor the sequence and correctness of each operation and other parameters of the technological process. As a result, the influence of inaccurate data on the assessment of the quality of operations (for example, associated with wear or equipment breakdown) is excluded, equipment replacement is excluded, its rational use is ensured, the transparency of the process of identifying defects in a technically complex object, the possibility of prompt detection and elimination of violations and shortcomings of the technological process maintenance (repair).

Tracking the movements of personnel in the process of performing operations contributes to an increase in performance discipline, allows you to quickly identify the irrationality of the organization of the technological process and promptly carry out measures to optimize it.

Compliance with the technological process of maintenance (and repair) and control of the executive discipline of personnel, allows you to achieve a consistently high quality of work performed.

High-quality work performed in conjunction with standard acceptance and inspection of the technical condition of the repaired facility before commissioning, is guaranteed to reduce the number of unscheduled repairs and increase the overall service life of technical equipment.

Similarly, the proposed method can be applied to other complex technical objects, for example, objects of air and motor transport, special equipment, industrial equipment, etc.