Gas detection system for toxic and/or flammable gas

This invention relates to the field of combustible, flammable and toxic gases present in the air, in particular from pipe leaks, for example leaks of gaseous hydrocarbons, or the evaporation of potentially toxic and / or explosive gases. For example, the subject area of ​​the present invention is the detection of gases in the environment, in particular for the protection and safety of operators in drilling, production, transportation and storage facilities. Specific examples of hazardous environments include refinery sites such as oil rigs and / or gas production sites, or those with a high risk of toxic or flammable gases also generated in many industrial processes. Objects of interest to this invention are primarily offshore drilling and lifting installations such as offshore oil rigs, as well as onshore installations such as oil wells, where possible gas leaks contain a mixture of flammable and toxic gases, in particular H2S (hydrogen sulfide), which is extremely toxic even at very low concentrations. It can also occur in chemical and petrochemical plants, in the processing and storage of liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons, or in enterprises for the conversion of hydrocarbons to other fuels such as hydrogen, ammonia, and others.

Also, the detection devices that will be further illustrated in accordance with this invention can be used to detect products converted to fuels, containing toxic gases also in the liquid phase, which can release flammable and / or toxic gases even at room temperature. The gases to be detected according to the present invention, for example, released into the atmosphere, can pose a particular danger to the life of operators and cause explosions, despite constant checks and safety measures such as alarms and mandatory protective equipment, which, unfortunately, often turn out to be ineffective.

This invention relates to innovative systems for the detection of toxic or explosive gases, and also contains possible detection and measurement devices for said systems. In particular, the detection devices and systems of the present invention are intended to solve the most serious and unfortunately well-known problems of the detection devices of the prior art. In particular, usually the detection systems on the market for flammable and toxic gases for fixed installations contain only one type of gas sensor for only one detection technology. Each sensor of this type is usually connected to one electronic transmitter. In particular, this aspect of single sensor detection may possibly require more detectors to be present and, at best, this still implies an increase in cost. In the worst case, when there is one detector for one gas, or because only one gas is actually present in the environment, or perhaps the placement of two detectors in the same room has not been carried out correctly, problems that may arise may be much more serious. Indeed, in the case when two or more gases are present in an area, and the detectors are not placed correctly (or there are no two different types of detectors), so that the presence of two mentioned gases at the same time in one area is not detected, in case of leakage of one or more toxic and flammable gases, which individually would have limited hazardous effects, but together in the same environment can create toxic or even explosive mixtures, if these gases are not detected, the impact can be not only dangerous, but even destructive to humans and objects, as is known from the news about explosions in factories and / or poisoning of people and frequent fires and explosions on offshore oil rigs and onshore wells.

In addition, an undoubtedly significant part of the gas detectors on the market have big problems due to the so-called malfunctioning and blockage in the inlet of the gas filter of the sensor. This malfunction problem results in false detection or no detection. This phenomenon cannot be detected in prior art sensors because the filter is an integral component of the sensor housing and the clogging condition can only be detected by physical calibration tests with a gas sample. Experts in the field know that the possible use of compressed air to clean the filter can only damage the sensing element behind the filter. A fouled sensor will significantly reduce the sensor response time, which typically occurs by the diffusion of partial gas pressures inside and outside the sensor. Sensor response time is undoubtedly the factor most associated with early recognition of potential hazards; filter clogging increases with the environment and is definitely very severe in marine or coastal applications where salt deposits are a real hazard because the sensor cannot alert you to a hazard that usually requires immediate and timely notification.

On the other hand, clogging of filters often occurs in a very short time and therefore becomes even more dangerous for the correct operation of detectors, in particular, but not exclusively, in offshore conditions on offshore oil rigs and in desert areas where sintered filter clogging often occurs. salt, fine powder of pollutants that also form particulate matter in industrial areas.

In addition, widely used sensors currently available on the market, such as those well known and used by oil companies and others working in the oil and gas sector, have a sensor housing and a sintered filter built into said housing, which is used in applications in which may form explosive mixtures and are classified as such. When said filter becomes clogged and it becomes known that the filter is clogged, which is not easy given the place where the filter is installed, for safety reasons, the filter must be replaced even when it is only 50% clogged. The replacement operation implies a high maintenance cost because the entire sensor in which the filter is integrated has to be replaced. When the response time of a sensor is found to be outside of standard parameters, the said sensor must be replaced, at a high cost and time.

An illustrative example of the aforementioned problems of the prior art can be found in document US 2012/0238101 A1, which describes a classical gas detection system comprising the use of several types of sensors making individual measurements for one type of gas and displaying said one measurement. In any case, only one measurement is shown on the display. In addition, the type of deployable sensor refers to stationary sensors with a sintered filter, which, as mentioned earlier, cannot be cleaned and replaced separately, but the entire sensor must be replaced, which is a very expensive operation, as already mentioned. More importantly, this type of sensor poses a major safety risk in the locations for which the sensor is theoretically responsible; in fact, said filters can be completely clogged without showing any signs of malfunction even during the calibration phase, and this does not allow reliable readings and monitoring operations regarding the presence and concentration of those gases that the said sensors are supposed to detect with possible tragic consequences like the mentioned above in connection with the problems of the prior art.

Some examples of detection or sensing elements used in the art are disclosed in EP 1544614, which illustrates a dual gas element having two electrodes separated by a gastight region, detecting carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide in the device, for example. This disclosure says nothing about the entire sensor or detection methods, filter cleaning, etc. These sensors are designed for use in a wide variety of sensor assemblies, but the ultimate sensor reliability does not depend on these elements, although they are very efficient detectors for use as part of a larger device.

From a similar perspective on sensing elements used or suitable for use in the art, WO 2011/053721 discloses an electrochemical sensing element comprising at least first and second electrodes for gas detection, which function completely separately from each other with respect to detection. and the subsequent diffusion of gases detected within the system, as well as the subsequent transfer and recognition of the substance. An essential factor in this disclosure is the anti-diffusion barrier, which is likely to be an important factor in this area. However, in the field of gas detection for explosiveness, this factor is not very important, because the gases to be detected, unfortunately, are already mutually mixed in the ambient air. In any case, these sensors cannot be compared to gas detection devices, namely self-contained apparatus that handle and generate a hazardous situation that might occur.

EP 1,197,753 describes a portable gas detection device that can be attached to the human body and that contains a conventional gas detection sensor; nothing is said about the safety issue associated with sensor malfunctions and other issues discussed in this document.

The object of the present invention is to provide a detection system that solves the above problems.

In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a detection system with at least a dual channel allowing simultaneous detection of two or more gases.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a system in which the cleaning operation of the filter becomes simple and quick, and said cleaning does not substantially interrupt the sensor's continuous detection of the possible presence of gas at the installation site.

Therefore, it is also an object of the present invention to provide a filter cartridge detection system that does not require replacement of the entire sensor body.

A further object of the present invention is to optimize production costs and associated costs for the user.

An important object of the present invention is to improve the safety and reliability of the detection of toxic or flammable gases, in all of the above areas, as well as in other areas where said system may be needed for safety reasons.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a detection system that is feasible, reliable, easy to use, and also cost effective.

These and other problems can be solved by a detection system according to the invention, which preferably has two or more channels, as will be described later in this document, characterized in that the gas detection is performed by a detection system comprising a redundant or triple sensor, and simultaneous measurement of flammable and / or toxic gases with single or redundant gas detection in air due to leakage of flammable and / or toxic gas or both gases, which, when present simultaneously, can form explosive and / or toxic mixtures.

In addition, it is a further advantage that said detection system is provided with replaceable filters, thus allowing cost optimization and cost limitation, as well as increasing the reliability of detection instruments.

In particular, this aspect, together with other advantages described in this document, and others, which are further described in this document, significantly increases the safety at the mentioned workplaces, which is the main and definitely important object of this invention for the safety of operators.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is an innovative detection system for said toxic and / or combustible gases, and in particular their hazardous combinations, said system comprising at least a sensor housing, a measuring transducer and one or more sensors for gas detection.

The system described in this invention contains two types of sensing elements with two separate measuring transducers in one sensor, has the unique characteristic of simultaneously detecting two types of gas and immediately alerting them of their danger. In addition to drilling rigs, this detection system with two types of sensors in one sensor allows for redundant detection of two equal gases or simultaneous detection of two different gases in chemical and petrochemical plants, in the conversion and storage of liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons or in conversion production into other fuels such as hydrogen, ammonia and the like.

The system described in this invention will be described in detail with the help of the accompanying drawings and their description, which describes only some possible innovative options for implementation, in which:

FIG. 1 shows an example of an embodiment of a complete system illustrating a gas detection system in accordance with the present invention in more detail;

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of an innovative system in accordance with the present invention in expanded form with a break in the technical assembly;

FIG. 3 shows a single channel display (3a) versus an innovative multi-channel display system (3b);

FIG. 4 shows an expanded and assembled view of an innovation system in a preferred embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 shows the innovative sensors of the present invention in a dual technology format, i.e. dual detection technologies;

FIG. 6 and 7 show the mentioned innovative sensors in medium and large formats respectively according to the required application;

FIG. 8a shows a preferred embodiment of the detection system of the present invention when secured, for example, to a pin or rod;

FIG. 8b shows an essential section of the detection system of the present invention when mounted on a wall; and

FIG. 9 is a table showing some possible combinations of detections made by innovative sensors of a further innovative system in accordance with the present invention.

With reference to FIG. 1 The drawings show a detection system 1 in accordance with the invention, for example mounted on a column or the like, comprising at least in this embodiment at least a remote measuring transducer for detecting gases heavier than air, at least a transmitter 2 with a double channel 3, in this example predominantly located at an ergonomic height to facilitate reading and maintenance operations, comprising at least one display 4 showing gas investigation (in this case, in accordance with the object of the present invention, there are more displays for monitoring two or more gases, as can be seen in detail in FIG. 9), a light alarm system 5, such as a flashing system gas alarm, at least an acoustic signal 6, such as a gas alarm siren, and a junction box 7.

In particular, it should be noted that the transmitter is integrated into the sensor housing where the sensing element is directly connected using a plug and play system, i.e. a plug connection designed to generate a strong signal (for example, using electrical variations) when contact occurs with a specific gas or group of gases, as shown. It should be noted that there are several types of transmitters, also called sensing elements, for the separate or simultaneous detection of different categories of gases (such as, for example, hydrocarbons containing flammable and toxic gases) using different types of transmitters inserted in the same housing, where in a particularly preferred embodiment, the Applicant cites a sensor as an example, individually certified in accordance with Atex-IECEx (explosion protection directive). These classifications and slots or housings are implemented in classified areas, allowing simultaneous dual measurement of the same gas or different gases simultaneously present in the air to ensure that, under all conditions, a hazardous gas in the air has been detected and personnel and security personnel are notified remotely. ...

Sensors and transducers 2, connected as above, are usually fixed to an insulating support and equipped with a device that maintains a constant temperature above 5 ° for outdoor temperatures down to -55 ° C (-67 ° F).

Providing the advantage of an innovative single channel or two independent channel transmitter and the ability to remotely mount any sensor with one sensor or two sensors with the same or different technologies, connecting to the transmitter is now easy because the transmitter built into the sensor, generates a strong signal capable of covering a distance of up to 300 m. This allows the transmitter to be positioned at an ergonomic height to facilitate readings, maintenance and calibration of the device, and to position the sensor as close to the risk as possible. An advantageous feature provides many remote mounting options, since, for example, it is possible to mount a combustible gas sensor using an IR-type sensor directly connected to the transmitter, and from the latter directly to a measuring transducer located at the top of the mounting column; a sensor of this type, for example, is designed to detect methane; the same transmitter is used to connect to an external sensor, for example, with a Nano-MOS (nano-MOS) type sensing element mounted on the base of the mounting column to detect gases heavier than air, such as H₂S.

In accordance with the given installation example, it is possible to install on the same column a light signaling system 5 and an acoustic signaling system 6 to warn personnel about local danger.

With reference to FIG. 2 and the associated subsequent description, it should be noted that the task of the detection system according to the present invention also includes an innovative electronic circuit, which is hereinafter described by way of example without limiting the protection scope of the present invention. All electronic circuits in the chain of detection, transmission, display and measurement, receiving and transmitting signals from sensors at the site containing measuring transducers and sensing elements (eg electrochemical or physical elements) type PP ("plug and play") have been designed with accessories according to the most modern technologies based on the new "1-Wire" transmission technology. At the heart of 1-Wire transmission technology is a serial protocol that uses one main line for data transmission plus many links for communication. The advantages are lower power consumption, lower voltage and fewer electronic components, which translates into increased reliability. This technology has made it possible to connect six-wire sensors such as aerospace infrared cells with three wires, dramatically reducing the time and cost of sensors and providing a working CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Code) check using a proprietary protocol. Each 1-Wire communicates in a master and slave with an exclusive immutable proprietary protocol implemented by the Applicant on a 64-bit ID, which is used as a generator of addresses to be transmitted over the 1-Wire bus. The 1-Wire master and slave devices operate with 2.8 volts DC power supply, ensuring minimum power and smallest cabling. These innovative measuring transducers have the intellectual potential of an embedded microprocessor, protected and indelible with the supplied hardware and software functional program that allows recognition of the type of connected sensing element and presets the output signal in the transmitter in accordance with the standard parameters of currently valid international norms. To further increase safety, a recognition system has been created in which a possible change in the transmitter or sensor with a different type of technology is considered an error and stops the measurement, transmitting the error signal to the transmitter display and to the control room, while the entire system is not damaged. ... The advantage is the replacement of the PP type sensing element, which can be carried out in an operating state, i.e. without disconnecting power from the system, and does not require operations with a power tool, since it is enough just to put the equipment magnet on the transmitter display. This operation terminates the transmitter-sensor connection, allowing the operation of replacing the sensor element, cleaning or replacing the filter in a maximum of three minutes, at the end of these operations the magnet is removed from the transmitter display, the electronic system starts a self-diagnosis sequence of all electronics, which ends after 30 seconds, showing four zeros on the front of the display and lighting up the green LED on the front to indicate that the gas detection system with sensors and the transmitter are configured and operational.

It should be noted that for the sake of clarity, the description of a particular preferred embodiment of a portion of the detection system in accordance with this invention has been chosen to provide the technical functional details required to describe the system, but they are simply means of solving the problem of an innovative detection system with two or more channels. which are the subject of this invention, wherein FIG. 2 demonstrates a remote measuring transducer 100 with two detection channels in expanded form of the main parts and their relationship. In this particular preferred embodiment, two measuring transducers 10, 10 'are connected to the required assembly corresponding components, including protective elements 13, 13' for said measuring transducers 10, 10 ', said measuring transducers being connected to a detection unit 14, 14 ', containing at least a junction box 15, 15', connecting and grounding contacts 16, 16 'and connecting cables 17, 17', which connect the transducers 10, 10 'advantageously to the dual channel transducer 18 for detecting two or more flammable and / or toxic gases and combinations thereof. Said dual channel transducer comprises a display 20 (shown in more detail in FIG. 3) and at least a transmitter 21. It should be noted that in the detailed views of FIGS. 3, fig. 3a shows a prior art single channel display showing on digital display 24 the signal emitted by the corresponding gas and including an indicator of the type of gas detected. FIG. 3d illustrates an innovative dual channel advantageous display comprising at least one display 27a with an associated gas type indicator 28a for channel 1 and at least a corresponding display 27b with an associated gas type indicator 28b for channel 2.

With reference to FIG. 4, showing the innovative measuring transducer 100 in unfolded and assembled form in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in particular, said measuring transducer 100, at least as the main components of interest for the system in accordance with the present invention, typically comprises a sensor housing 30 s a suitable removable lid (shape and size may vary according to specific application), an individually designed electronic conversion circuit 31 (which can be varied according to application requirements and as previously described), insulating elements 32 such as, for example, O-rings, at least one plug-in unit 33 with a single or double measuring transducer, or even a plug-in wiring a multi-transducer assembly 330, then connected to the ring (s) 34 for at least one filter 35, which in a particular advantageous manner can be replaced in accordance with the objectives of the invention, a lock 36 covering the sensor and a removable cover 37 for said sensor. Obviously, the housing 37, as well as the sensor housing 30, can vary according to a particular application. In particular, the sensor body 30 has been designed with a movable filter holder 35 ″ so that it can be removed without disconnecting wires or connectors 38 or disconnecting power to the instrument. In practice, if it is decided that the sensing elements can be replaced even when energized with an active current, commonly referred to as hot-swappable-in-place (HZM), the filter 35 for this purpose is inserted into the housing 37 of the sensor 30, which can be easily cleaned or disassembled when necessary replace it or the sensing element 33 so that in one operation the sintered filter 35 can be checked and, if necessary, said filter can be cleaned in an advantageous manner, simply by removing it from the casing. Obviously, the filter 35 can be cleaned at any time during the verification and calibration operations of the gas detector. This is particularly advantageous in relation to the previously mentioned risk of filter clogging, difficulty in checking for such clogging, inability to replace and high cost of prior art devices.

Implementation of the system in accordance with the present invention also requires redesigning the transmitter and electronic transmitter, which, as previously indicated, is connected to stand-alone field sensors with one or dual channel, implemented, for example, on a multilayer type PCB, for example with SMD components (device surface mount), connected to single or dual micro-LED digital display or LED displays to locally monitor the data detected by the sensor or excitation sensors and transmit it to a control room, usually located in a remote and safe area.

In a privately advantageous method, this not only allows one operator to operate, maintain and calibrate the device when the sensor is mounted inside the transmitter, but also allows these operations when the sensor is remotely mounted using a calibrator. Another innovative design feature of these new sensors, in a particular advantageous way, is that they can be installed mainly at a distance of up to 300 meters from a universal signal transmitter, while infrared and electrochemical sensors currently available on the market have large transmission restrictions - only a few meters from the transmitter. Given that both flammable and toxic gases are often present in a gas leak, using a dual channel transmitter allows both a flammable and toxic sensor to be connected in the same location, placing the sensor for light (flammable) gases, usually lighter than air , in an ergonomic position, i.e. at eye level, while the toxic sensor is placed at a lower level on the same support, about half a meter from the floor (see. attached drawings).

FIG. 5, 6, 7 of the drawings depict several alternative embodiments of the innovative gas sensors in accordance with the present invention, while FIG. 5a and 5b show the assembled sensor body in side view, and FIGS. 5b is an example of a toxic gas sensor with a nano-MOS sensing element.

Just for comparison, FIG. 5c-5e show prior art sensors for subsequent clear comparison with the innovative sensors of the following figures, while FIG. 5c shows an electrochemical sensor for toxic gases with a corresponding electrochemical sensor, FIG. 5d is an infrared sensor with a corresponding IR sensor, and FIG. 5e - sensor of combustion products for combustible and flammable gases with a pellistor (for example, consisting of a resistive element), working as a sensitive element. FIG. 5f, on the other hand, demonstrates an innovative dual technology sensor including, for example, two P pellistors and a nano-MOS sensor, which is therefore designed to detect toxic and flammable gases, and is therefore a combined catalytic and nano-MOS sensor. Moreover, FIG. 5g shows another embodiment of said sensor, in this case for toxic gases, with triple detection.

FIG. 6 shows further embodiments of the innovative sensor of the present invention, wherein said embodiments are dual or triple technology sensors. FIG. 6a shows an embodiment of an innovative mid-size dual technology sensor, namely a redundant catalytic flammable gas sensor including, for example, one plus one pellistor; fig. 6b shows a combined catalytic sensor including two pellistors and an infrared IR detector for detecting flammable gases and hydrocarbons; fig. 6s shows a redundant sensor including one electrochemical EC and one nano-MOS NM sensing element; fig. 6d shows a combined catalytic and electrochemical sensor for flammable and toxic gases; and finally FIG. 6e demonstrates a combined nano-MOS NM and infrared IR sensor for toxic gases and hydrocarbons.

Finally, FIG. 7 shows an innovative sensor in accordance with the present invention in a so-called large format. In these embodiments, FIG. 7a shows an infrared IR detector and an electrochemical sensor constituting an electrochemical / infrared combination sensor; fig. 7b shows an even more preferred triple technology method, namely an electrochemical sensor, an infrared detector, and two pellistors constituting a combined electrochemical / catalytic / infrared sensor for detecting toxic gases, flammable gases and hydrocarbons. FIG. 7c shows a specific format version of a sensor (demonstrating that there are numerous non-limiting embodiments shown in the document, which, as already indicated, are merely exemplary implementations) of a redundant type for hydrocarbons containing at least two infrared detectors.

FIG. 8a and 8b show two examples of a typical assembly of a gas detection system with a specific system of the present invention; fig. 8a shows a mounting kit 41 for mounting on a rod 40, with transmitter part 401 connected to sensing unit 400, and a rear view of transmitter 402 with standard parts such as fasteners 44 and cable 42 with cable holder 43. FIG. 8b shows the same embodiment of the detection system 400, but fixed to the wall 46. It should be noted that said system 400 is primarily intended for any type of assembly, provided that the system has a suitable kit for the intended use and uses a few simple mechanical devices that can be used to transfer the connection and / or assembly sections, for example, cable 47 with cable holder. 48 or other suitable elements, which, according to the location, can easily occupy different positions with respect to the mountings.

For completeness, the accompanying FIG. 9 is a table showing several particularly preferred embodiments of possible combinations of innovative sensors in accordance with the present invention.

Finally, an advantageous multi-technology sensor in accordance with this invention is provided with a mud flap that can be installed outdoors even in areas with poor weather conditions or with a working fire engine.

An additional adaptation of the technological innovation of the new gas sensor for the innovative system described here is a set of vertical support legs equipped with a rain roof, where the sensors and the transmitter can be installed in the same place, but in different positions according to the type of flammable and / or toxic gases, taking into account them specific specific gravity. This solution also allows to achieve redundancy of the detection point, to increase the measurement reliability and connect two types of sensors with different technologies and applications on one support together with all auxiliary devices in order to notify operators of a detected imminent threat locally using sirens, speakers, flashing lamps. The solution provided by the gas detectors described here improves operator and equipment safety, and significantly reduces installation costs and improves the reliability of alarm systems to protect operators.

The use of gas detectors with multiple built-in sensors and transmitters is the optimal solution for the complete protection of oil and gas rigs and oil and gas production facilities that pose a high risk to the environment, guaranteeing high reliability and at the same time large-scale savings when implementing an integrated system consisting of a rack for installation of detection, alarm and warning system components, all included in one solution. These distinguishing features are indispensable in high-risk installations such as those with toxic and / or explosive gases and the resulting fire hazard.

The innovative detection system of the present invention typically provides and contains at least the following listed elements:

- At least a sensor housing, which may contain one, two or three sensors with the same technology or different technologies, or for different gases and technologies to generate signals related to different gases present simultaneously.

- Simultaneous operation of different sensitive elements or sensors of the same type, but redundant, in order to achieve greater reliability of the detection system.

- Connecting different sensors to a dual channel transmitter showing two readings simultaneously on two independent displays to ensure better detection to protect the area of ​​interest due to toxic and / or explosive gas leaks.

- The sensing elements can be replaced while they are running by placing the magnet on the display and inserting (plug and play) without disconnecting the sensor from the power supply.

- The ability to clean or replace the sintered filter (which can be made of 316L stainless steel) during normal maintenance or when necessary due to dust clogging, such as after bad weather.

- Sensing elements containing measuring transducers having built-in intelligent electronics for recognizing the type of connected sensor and converting the signal in accordance with the detected physical variable selected in advance for the system, said intelligent electronic system sends a signal to the transmitter, which in turn supplies power to the system required for different components.

- Possibility to convert the signal to a standard value, for example 4-20 milliamp p in accordance with current regulations.

- Communication with the outside world or the environment using a serial connection, for example, paired with the RS 485 modbus protocol or other protocols such as Hart and so on.

- A transmitter specially designed to meet the requirements of the said innovative gas detection system, which is then designed and manufactured with SMD components to receive at least two independent electrical signals from a multi-contact dual-channel sensor or two independent single-contact sensors and generate two independent excitations with two outputs of different sizes, one for the transmitter and the other for the sensor.

And furthermore, to implement a feasible embodiment:

- one or more digital display with 4-digit micro-LEDs or LED indicators for standard signal transmission, such as 4-20 milliamperes,

circuit with three solid state relays for signaling through electrical connections for early warning, alarm and failure conditions

- serial communication Modbus, serial communication Hart, RS 485,

- transmitter housing and sensor housing with independent and associated certification in accordance with ATEX lECEx standards (or housing for installation in areas classified according to different classes of hazard of the presence of explosive gases or mixtures).

It should be noted that each element with a specific nomenclature or order of magnitude of data transmission is indicated here only as an example of particular preferred embodiments of the innovative system for gas detection described in this invention.

Additional variations in which system elements are connected in different ways by matching parts, engaging or connecting elements, or alternative assemblies of system elements, such as different embodiments of transducers or an alternative arrangement of one or more filters, as well as variations in the detection system in details not related directly to the innovation system described in this invention, should be considered an object of this invention.

For example, alternative shapes of detection elements, such as rounded, rectangular, octagonal and other shapes, are not relevant to the production and protection of the objective of the present invention, even in the case of alternative shapes or arrangements, but are in any case suitable for the purposes of the invention, or any kind of materials , or any modification falling within the scope of the invention is to be fully considered as alternative embodiments of the preferred embodiments, previously described, in which modifications and changes concerning, for example, the geometric shapes chosen for the various movable and fixed elements, the materials used for each part, and even the technical characteristics of the operating system, or modifications and software settings can be used without deviating , however, from the scope of protection of the present invention defined in the attached claims.