Method of training young sportsmen in opponent sports

The invention relates to methods for training football players and is intended to teach young athletes the technique of dribbling the ball with a stroke. At the same time, it can be used in other game sports, as well as during sports attractions and competitions.

The basis of sportsmanship of football players is technical preparedness, the level of which largely determines the effectiveness and entertainment of the game [1, 2]. The constant intensification of gaming activity, characteristic of football of the last decade, requires players to be able to quickly and efficiently perform technical and tactical techniques in an unexpectedly changing environment, space and time limits, and confrontation from rivals.

Recently, football experts have noted that our athletes are lagging behind the best foreign players in ball possession techniques. The sources of the reasons for such a lag at the level of teams of masters and national teams are seen in the insufficient effectiveness of teaching the football technique to athletes at a young age. So far, some issues of technical training of young football players, including ball and stroke techniques, have not yet been resolved and deserve further study. All of the above determines the search for new effective solutions and scientific and methodological developments in this area.

The prior art. According to the patent [3], there is a known method of training and informing athletes in which the movement of athletes is filmed by a video camera, the video signal is transmitted to a hardware-software complex (PAC), which forms a dynamic visual information image on the playing field. By changing the textual, symbolic and multimedia content, color gamut, brightness, contrast, area and flicker frequency of the visual information image on the playing field, athletes performing training tasks are informed in real time.

The disadvantage of this method is that it is not intended for training in dribbling with an opponent’s stroke.

According to the patent [4], a method is known where the coach selects a training program for the ball dribbling technique and the football player’s strokes from the PAK library, which contains video monitoring tools for human actions and tools that form a software-controlled robot rival. Moreover, the PAK forms the opponent’s robot, as a combination of two separate remotely controlled balls of a given size, located at a given distance from each other, which software impedes the movements of a football player, simulating the contact points of the opponent’s legs with the playing field. Moreover, these balls are made with internal controlled backlighting, the operation of which is visible through their outer shell. PAKs set the alternate order of highlighting and moving a pair of controlled balls, simulating the steps of the enemy. By a given conditional color or by turning on the backlight of the ball, the PAK shows the imitated position of the foot of the footballer. The athlete's task is to circle the opponent from the side of the supporting leg. PAK registers the actions of a football player, forms a databank of errors, their characteristics and gives or does not give audible signals in real time to the subject with his errors.

The disadvantage of this method of training athletes is its low efficiency due to the high inertia of the balls on wet or slippery playing surfaces or on fields with high grass cover, where the balls may slip and their reaction to game events is delayed.

The closest technical solution is a patent [5], in which the preparation or testing of athletes is performed on the playing field using a radio-controlled drone, which is part of the PAK. Drone imitate a static or dynamic opponent.

The disadvantage of this method [5] is the inability to simulate game situations with a demonstration of the work of the legs of an opponent robot and conducting training strokes taking into account the opponent’s supporting leg.

The technical result to which the claimed invention is directed is to increase the efficiency of training strokes in football from the side of the opponent’s supporting leg due to the timely response of the opponent robot and to exclude the influence of moisture, grass or other materials on artificial turf fields.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the coach selects a training program for the technique of dribbling the ball and stroking a football player from the library of a hardware-software complex containing video monitoring tools for human actions and radio-controlled drones that form a rival robot that impedes the movement of a football player. Moreover, it is new that the hardware-software complex forms the opponent’s robot as a combination of two separate remotely controlled drones of a given size, in which the propulsors are closed for safety by one or a given number of protective covers of a given shape. At the same time, drones in a controlled flight at a given height and a given distance from each other programmatically prevent the footballer from moving, simulating the contact points of the opponent’s legs with the playing field. Each drone is made with elements of controlled backlighting, the operation of which is visible in any position of the drone. The hardware-software complex sets the alternate order of illumination and movement of two drones, imitating the steps of the enemy. By a predetermined conditional color or by turning on the backlight of the drone, the hardware-software complex shows the imitated position of the foot of the footballer. The player’s task is to control the position of the conditional support, swing the opponent’s robot and stroke from the side of the drone simulating the opponent’s supporting leg. A mistake is the touch and / or displacement of a drone or drones from the positions established by the software and hardware complex with the foot or ball of a soccer player. The hardware-software complex registers the actions of a football player, forms a databank of errors, their characteristics and gives or does not give the subject with his errors sound or conditional light signals in real time.

This is the totality of essential features that provides a technical result in all cases to which the requested amount of legal protection applies.

The essential features characterizing the invention, showed in the claimed combination of new properties that are not explicitly derived from the prior art and are not obvious to a specialist. An identical set of features was not found in the patent and scientific literature.

The proposed method of training the technique of dribbling with a stroke is as follows. A trainer or athlete from the program library selects a program that sets the training mode. In the selected program, the PAK forms a predetermined number of coupled pairs of drones that imitate rivals on the playing field, which counteract the football player and, purposefully moving, interfere with the athlete’s movement, pursue at a given speed, reacting to a change in the direction of his movement.

The athlete evaluates the simulated game situation, compares his technical and speed capabilities with the dynamics of the drone movement and, as in a real game, performs deceptive movements, “swinging the opponent”. At the same time, he observes the illumination of the opponent’s conditional supporting foot and makes a stroke from the side of the support. For novice athletes, the high-speed training regime is minimal, the response time of drones and the color change (highlighting) of the balls is greatest. For experienced players, it is set close to the real game and depends on the individual preparedness of the athlete.

The athlete’s movement is filmed by a video camera located at a predetermined height above the playing field or by video cameras mounted on drones, the video image is transmitted to the PAK, which captures a change in body position, a change in the athlete’s direction of movement, and the athlete’s and / or sports equipment’s projection when traversing drones. If the athlete and / or ball touches the drones, the PAK, if provided by the selected program, emits a light and / or sound signal.

In the absence of touching the drones during the stroke, the task is complicated, their movement speed is increased, and the time for changing the backlight of the drones is reduced until the athlete, when performing the exercise, can correctly stroke the opponent robot from the side of the "supporting leg".

The athlete’s technical preparedness is judged by the maximum speed of the drones and the maximum frequency of the change of the conditional supporting leg, at which the player can repeatedly perform the correct stroke of the opponent robot.

Example. A young soccer player is invited to the playing field to train the ball with the stroke of an opponent robot, which is represented by a pair of radio-controlled drones. Movers (propellers) of drones for safety, exceptions to injuries are closed by a single spherical wire casing. The diameter of the casing is not more than 30 cm. The casing practically does not interfere with the operation of the propellers, but at the same time excludes their direct contacts with the football player, ball or grass of the playing field. From the PAC program library, the coach selects a program with a training regimen, which, in his opinion, is close to the level of psychomotor development of a young football player. The trained athlete is formulated the task of where and under what conditions he must stroke the opponent robot from the side of the supporting leg, which is simulated successively by each drone by its LED green light emitter. The trainer in the PAK sets the interval for changing the backlight of the drones - at least 2.5 seconds. The height of the drone’s flight above the playing field is set to 0.4 meters. The maximum possible distance between drones is set - no more than 0.8 meters. After launching the drones and the “Start” team, the young soccer player brings his ball to the speeding drones at speed, estimates the distance, the time of changing the “support leg” and makes the correct stroke without touching the drones with the ball or his foot. Any touch of the drone is a blunder. After 3 stroking attempts, the situation is analyzed and the input data in the PAC are adjusted accordingly. Training continues with the gradual complication of the training task. By the ability to perform this exercise in complex simulated game conditions, one can judge the preparedness and giftedness of a young football player.

When implementing the inventive method, well-known technical solutions and means can be used, for computer processing of information, known or original software can be used.

This invention provides multivariate modeling of individual training tasks with the possibility of multiple repetitions for the formation and consolidation of the soccer player's skill of dribbling the ball with a stroke at different speed modes.

The invention allows to create conditions that have a pedagogical and methodological advantage in comparison with the known methods of training.

Based on the foregoing, the proposed invention should be considered relevant to the conditions of patentability "novelty", "inventive step", "industrial applicability".

The claimed technical result is achieved: the proposed method allows you to effectively train and evaluate the athlete’s ability to drive the ball and circle the opponent from his supporting leg due to the timely response of the opponent robot and eliminating the influence of moisture, grass and other materials on artificial turf fields.

Thus, the claimed method of training young athletes in playing sports has new properties that determine the receipt of a positive effect.

Sources of information

1. Golomazov S.V., Theory and Methodology of Football. Technique of the game / S.V. Golomazov, B.G. Chirva. - M .: SportakademPress, 2002 .-- 472 p.

2. Drandrov G.L., Improving the methodology of technical training of young soccer players / G.L. Drandrov, N.X. Kudyashev. - Cheboksary: ​​Chuvash. state ped Univ., 2010 - 119 s.

3. RF patent 2484873, IPC А63В 69/00. The method of training and informing athletes / Afonshin V.E., Rozhentsov V.V .; publ. 06/20/13, Bull. Number 17.

4. Patent 2680130 of the Russian Federation, IPC А63В 71/00, Method for training young football players in the technique of dribbling the ball with a stroke / G. Drandrov, V.E. Afonshin. - No. 2018105045; declared 02/09/2018; publ. 02/15/2019, Bull. No. 5.

5. Patent 2645505 of the Russian Federation, IPC А63В 71/00, Method for the preparation and testing of athletes / Afonshin V.E. - No. 2017116469; declared 05/11/2017; publ. 02.21.2018, Bull. No. 6.