Portable breather

Proposed solution relates to diving equipment with air supply from the water surface and can be used for breathing of the diver underwater.

Similar technical solutions are known, see. US Patent №4674493, which contains the following set of essential features:

- Floating sealed container having an inlet above water and underwater outlet;

- A compressor with electric drive and battery fixed in the inner cavity of the floating hermetic container, a compressor with its output electrically connected to the underwater discharge opening of the sealed container;

- A reservoir connected to an underwater outlet of the sealed container;

- A hose connected to its input port of the tank;

- Breathing mechanism, held mouth of the diver, which serves to control the gases inhaled and exhaled, coupled with its input to the output hose.

Common features of the proposed solution, and this analogy is:

- Compressor with electric drive and battery;

- A reservoir connected to the outlet of the compressor;

- A hose connected to its input port of the tank;

- Breathing mechanism, held his mouth diver, employee management inhale and exhale gases, coupled with its input to the output hose.

This analogy is not achieved technical result associated with the compact and lightweight unit.

The reason for the impossibility of obtaining the specified technical result is that the performance of the compressor electromotive constant and does not depend on the amount of breathing gas diver per unit time, consequently, the performance of the compressor electromotive will always be the maximum for breathing during peak demand breathing gas, but the minimum requirement respiratory gas this performance will be excessive, leading to a waste of electrical energy of the battery. To compensate for the excessive consumption of electrical energy requires a larger capacity battery, which leads to a cumbersome system and overweight apparatus.

Known also see breathing apparatus. US Patent №5924416, which is selected as a prototype and provides the following set of essential features:

- Floating inflatable chamber;

- Two containers, the upper and lower, mounted on a floating upper inflatable chamber attached to the bottom of the top container.

- Two electromotive compressor, fixed in the lower container, and disposed in the water;

- Gas pressure switch;

- The battery, located in the top container, coupled with the findings of its findings of two compressors with electric drive via the output relay contacts of gas pressure;

- A reservoir connected to the outlet of the compressor;

- A hose connected to its input port of the tank;

- Breathing mechanism, held his mouth diver, employee management inhale and exhale gases, coupled with its input to the output hose.

Common features of the proposed decision and the prototype are:

- Two compressors with electric drive;

- Gas pressure switch, connected to its input port of the tank;

- The battery is connected with their terminals with the conclusions of the two compressors with electric drive via the output relay contacts of gas pressure;

- A reservoir connected to the outlet of the compressor;

- A hose connected to its input port of the tank;

- Breathing mechanism, held mouth of the diver, which serves to control the gases inhaled and exhaled, coupled with its input to the output hose.

This analogy is not achieved technical result associated with the compact and lightweight unit.

The reason for the inability to obtain the specified technical result is that since electric compressors operate in cycles, ie, connected to the battery contacts of the relay gas pressure while reducing the minimum level of gas pressure, and turn off when you exceed the maximum gas pressure is too frequent repetition of cycles using the reservoir of small volume (2-4 liters) it will reduce the service life of the pressure switch and the gas compressors with electric drive. To prevent this would require a reservoir of not less than several tens of liters, which leads to a cumbersome system and overweight apparatus.

The technical result mentioned above is achieved by a portable apparatus for breathing under water comprising: at least two electromotive compressor, having an above-water inlet; tank connected with the release of its opening at least two compressors with electric drive; a pressure switch, which controls the pressure of the gas, coupled with its input to the reservoir port; battery, coupled with the findings of its terminals at least two compressors with electric drive via the output relay contacts of gas pressure; hose connected with its input to the reservoir port; breathing mechanism, held the mouth of the diver, employee management inhaled and exhaled gases, coupled with its input to the output hose, added that the apparatus comprises a second pressure switch is connected to its input with an opening of the tank, connecting its output terminals in the idle state the conclusions of at least two electric compressors in parallel with each other, when energized connected in series between the conclusions of at least two compressors with electric drive.

Having a second pressure switch gas connecting their output terminals in the idle state the conclusions of at least two compressors with electric drive in parallel with each other, when energized connected in series between the conclusions of at least two compressors with electric drive, can reduce the number and magnitude of inrush currents compressor with electric drive, This makes it possible to make the apparatus compact and light, using a compact tank volume (2-4 liters).

Portable apparatus for underwater breathing explained in the following description and graphic representation.

Portable apparatus for breathing under water includes:

- A first compressor electromotive - 1 with a pin - 2, 3 having the above-water inlet.

- Second compressor Electric - 4 pin - 5, 6, which has an above-water inlet.

This overall performance compressors with electric drive - 1, 4 when feeding their half of the rated voltage provides breathing gas to the diver minimum immersion depth and the minimum physical activity;

- Tank - 7 compact volume (2-4 liters) connected to a compressed gas output electromotive compressors - 1, 4;

- First pressure switch - 8 gases, connected with its input to the reservoir - 7 has the output terminal to the terminal - 9 and terminal - 10 connected to the output - two first compressor electromotive - 1, the output terminal of the first pressure switch - 8 closed in a free state open to the active state;

- The second pressure switch - 11 gas, comprising:

- An output terminal - 12 connected to the output - 3 of the first electric compressor - 1;

- An output terminal - 13 connected to the terminal - 10 of the first pressure switch - 8;

- An output terminal - 14 connected to the output - 6 second compressor with electric drive - 4;

- An output terminal - 15 connected to the output - 5 second compressor with electric drive - 4;

- Sensor relay - 16 gas pressure coupled with its input to the reservoir - 7, having a first output terminal to terminals - 17, 18, connected to the output terminals of - 15, 13, respectively, of the second pressure switch - 11 and a second output terminal to terminals - 19 20 connected to the output terminals - 12, a second pressure switch 14 - 11, respectively, the first and second output terminals of the sensor-relay - 16, closed at a free, open energized;

- LED - 21 connected at its anode to terminal - 19 of the second sensor output terminal relay - 16, its cathode connected to the terminal - 17 of the first sensor output terminal relay - 16;

- Battery - 22 connected to its positive terminal to terminal - the first pressure switch 9 - 8, its negative terminal connected to the output terminal - the second pressure switch 14 - 11.

- Hose - 23 connected to its input to the tank - 7;

- Breathing mechanism - 24, held the mouth of the diver, employee management inhale and exhale gases, coupled with its input to the output hose - 23;

- Bottom - 25 for fixing thereon the equipment listed above;

- An inflatable chamber - 26, made in the form of a torus, to maintain the float on the bottom - 25 hardware.

As the first and second compressors electromotive - 1, 4 can be used with the electric reciprocating compressor having a nominal DC voltage of 12 V and a capacity of 40-60 liters / min.

The first pressure switch - 8 and sensor relays - 16 gas pressure can be used gas pressure switch «Condor» MDR 1/11 with a mechanical button on / off (the production company «Condor-Werke» Germany).

As the battery - 22 can be used battery with a rated voltage of 12 V and a minimum capacity of 24 Ah.

As a respiratory mechanism - 24 can be used on demand valve-contained breathing apparatus AVM-12 (manufactured by JSC "Campo", Russia).

For diode - 21 can be used in the semiconductor diode rated current of 50 A and a reverse voltage of 30 V.

Portable apparatus for breathing under water works as follows.

At the initial moment when the pressure in the tank - 7 lower opening pressure of the first pressure switch - 8 and the second pressure switch - 11 gas, a first contact pressure switch - 8 and contacts the sensor relays - 16 gas pressure are in a free state and closed. The first compressor is electric - 1 is powered by a rechargeable battery - 22, current flows from the positive terminal of the battery - 22 through: contact with the terminals - 9, 10 of the first pressure switch - 8, power - one of the first compressor to conclusions - 2, 3, terminals - 12, 14 and the second contact terminals - 19, of 20 gauge-switch - 16 gas pressure of the second pressure switch - 11 to the negative terminal of the battery - 22. The second compressor Electric - 4 is powered by a rechargeable battery - 22, current passes from the positive terminal of the battery - 22 through: contact with the terminals - 9, 10 of the first pressure switch - 8 terminals - 13, 15 and the first contact with the terminals - 17, of 18 gauge-switch - 16 gas pressure of the second pressure switch - 11, electric - 4 of the second compressor to conclusions - 5, 6 to the negative terminal of the battery - 22. The first and second compressor with electric drive - 1, 4 receive power, equal to the full battery voltage - 22, that is, their findings will be connected in parallel.

Respiratory gas enters the compressor inlet above water electromotive - 1, 4 and accumulated in the tank - 7. From reservoir - 7 gas flows through the hose - the breathing mechanism 23 - 24, held by the mouth of the diver.

Upon reaching a pressure of about 3.0 kg / cm2, the first and second contact terminals 17, 18 and terminals 19, 20 of the sensor-relay - 16 gas pressure triggered and opened. The first and second compressor with electric drive - 1, 4 are powered by rechargeable batteries - 22, current flows from the positive terminal of the battery - 22 through: contact with the terminals - 9, 10 of the first pressure switch - 8, power - one of the first compressor with the findings - 2, 3 terminals - 19, 17 contact the sensor relays - 16 LED - 21 terminals - 12, 14, 15 of the second pressure switch - 11, power - 4 of the second compressor to conclusions - 5, 6 to the negative terminal of the battery - 22. For discharge of the first and second compressors electromotive - 1, 4 is a voltage equal to half the battery voltage - 22, i.e. their terminals are connected in series to each other, respectively, the total productivity will decrease by more than two times.

In the absence of gas flow rate on the breath and the pressure reaches 4.0-5.0 kg / cm2 pressure switch will use the first - 8 gases, his contact with the terminals - 9, 10 opens, turns off the first and second electric compressor - 1.4.

When breathing air flow and reducing pressure in the tank - 7 to around 3.0-3.5 kg / cm2, the contact of the first pressure switch - 8 gas is returned to the free state and closes. For discharge of the first and second compressors electromotive - 1, 4 is a voltage equal to half the battery voltage - 22, i.e. their terminals are connected in series with each other as described above.

With a further reduction in pressure in the tank - 7 to around 1.5-2.0 kg / cm 2, the first and second contacts of the sensor relays - 16 gas pressure returned to a free state and closes. The first compressor is electric - 1 is powered by a rechargeable battery - 22, current flows from the positive terminal of the battery - 22 through: contact with the terminals - 9, 10 of the first pressure switch - 8, power - one of the first compressor to conclusions - 2, 3, terminals - 12, 14 and the second contact terminals - 19, of 20 gauge-switch - 16 gas pressure of the second pressure switch - 11 to the negative terminal of the battery - 22. The second compressor Electric - 4 is powered by a rechargeable battery - 22, current passes from the positive terminal of the battery - 22 through: contact with the terminals - 9, 10 of the first pressure switch - 8 terminals - 13, 15 and the first contact with the terminals - 17, of 18 gauge-switch - 16 gas pressure of the second pressure switch - 11, electric - 4 of the second compressor to conclusions - 5, 6 to the negative terminal of the battery - 22. The first and second compressor with electric drive - 1, 4 receive power, equal to the full battery voltage - 22, that is, their findings will be connected in parallel.

Starting current first and second compressors electromotive - 1, 4 is smaller than the inrush current prototype by the fact that the voltage at their findings increases with half of the rated voltage of the battery - 22 (serial connection terminals compressors electromotive - 1, 4) to nominal (parallel connection of output electromotive compressors - 1, 4) and not from zero to a rated voltage as the prototype. The time until the next activation / release of the second pressure switch - 11 gas will be greater than that of the prototype, as the respiratory gas will flow from accumulated in the tank - 7 and compressors electromotive - 1, 4, receiving power equal to half the battery voltage - 22 , the prototype will flow only from the reservoir, which reduces the frequency of operation cycles of the second pressure switch - 11 gases.

The process is repeated again as above.

Diode - 21 eliminates the need for an open in the free state of the output relay contacts of the sensor - 16 gas pressure.

Thus, the proposed technical solution makes it possible to reduce the inrush current with the electric compressor, reduce the frequency of cycles, pressure switch, thereby it becomes possible to make the device compact and light, using a tank of smaller volume, and what is the technical result.