Muros modulation using linear baseband combinations with linear gaussian pulse shaping for two users on one timeslot used by non-darp and darp remote stations

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates generally to the field of communication technology and, in particular, to the increase of the channel capacity in a radio communication system.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

More and more people are using mobile communication devices, such as, for example, mobile phones, not only for voice communication, but also for data transmission. In the GSM / EDGE (Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) / Evolved System GSM with Enhanced Data Rate) network specification, the data service is provided by the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) and the Enhanced General Packet Radio Service EGPRS). Standards for the GERAN network are supported by the 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project). GERAN is part of the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). In particular, GERAN is part of the GSM / EDGE radio communication system, together with the network, which connects the base stations (Ater and Abis interfaces) and the controllers of the base stations (interfaces A, etc.). The GERAN network is the core of the GSM network. It provides routing of telephone calls and packet data from the public switched telephone network (PSTN) and the Internet and in them, and from remote stations, including mobile stations, and in them. In GSM systems for third-generation communication systems using broader frequency bands and higher data rates, the standards of the UMTS (Universal Mobile Communication System) system were adopted. The GERAN network is also part of the UMTS / GSM network. It provides routing of telephone calls and packet data from the public switched telephone network (PSTN) and the Internet and in them, and from remote stations, including mobile stations, and in them. In GSM systems for third-generation communication systems using broader frequency bands and higher data rates, the standards of the UMTS (Universal Mobile Communication System) system were adopted. The GERAN network is also part of the UMTS / GSM network. It provides routing of telephone calls and packet data from the public switched telephone network (PSTN) and the Internet and in them, and from remote stations, including mobile stations, and in them. In GSM systems for third-generation communication systems using broader frequency bands and higher data rates, the standards of the UMTS (Universal Mobile Communication System) system were adopted. The GERAN network is also part of the UMTS / GSM network.

The existing networks have the following problems. First, more channels of information exchange are needed, which is a problem related to bandwidth. Since there is a need for a higher throughput for downlink data (DL) transmission than for the uplink (UL), the use of DL and UL is not symmetric. For example, a mobile station (MS) transmitting over a file transfer protocol (FTP) is likely to be provided with 4 downlink channels and 1 uplink (4D1U), which may mean that it requires four users' resources for the full rate, and eight users' resources for half the transfer rate. Currently, there is a situation that the network should make a decision about whether, whether it is necessary to provide service to 4 or 8 users making a call in voice mode, or 1 data call. To enable the DTM (Dual Transfer Mode) mode, in which calls of both types: data calls and voice calls do simultaneously, more resources are required.

Secondly, if the network serves the call in the data transfer mode, while many new users also want to make calls in the voice communication mode, new users will not be provided with service until the resources of both the UL and DL. Therefore, some UL resources may be wasted. On the one hand, there are customers waiting to make calls, and services may not be provided; on the other hand, the uplink (UL) is available, but its resources are wasted because of the absence of the downlink (DL) that makes up the pair.

Third, there is less time for scanning by mobile stations (also known as user equipment or UEs) operating in the mode of operation in multiple time slots, neighboring cells and for their monitoring, which can cause call disconnects and problems related to the operation.

Referring to Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a transmitter 118 and a receiver 150 in a wireless communication system. For the downlink, the transmitter 118 may be part of the base station, and the receiver 150 may be part of the wireless communications device (remote station). For the uplink, the transmitter 118 may be part of a wireless communication device, and the receiver 150 may be part of the base station. A base station is typically a fixed station that communicates with wireless communication devices, and which may also be referred to as a Node B, an evolved Node B (eNode B), an access point, and so on. The wireless communication device may be stationary or mobile and may also be referred to as a remote station, mobile station, user equipment, mobile equipment, terminal, remote terminal, access terminal, station, etc. The wireless communication device may be a cellular telephone, a personal digital information device (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a subscriber unit, a laptop computer, etc.

At the transmitter 118, the TX (TX) data processing device 120 receives and processes (e.g., performs formatting, coding and interleaving) the data and generates the encoded data. The modulator 130 may perform modulation of the encoded data and produce a modulated signal. Modulator 130 can perform Gaussian modulation with minimum offset (GMSK) for the GSM system, 8-position phase shift keying (8-PSK)) for the evolved GSM system with increased data rate (EDGE system), etc. GMSK is a continuous phase modulation protocol, whereas 8-position phase shift keying (8-PSK) is a digital modulation protocol. The transmitter unit (TMTR) 132 performs shaping (eg, filtering,

At receiver 150, antenna 152 receives modulated RF signals from transmitter 110 and other transmitters. Antenna 152 provides the received RF signal to receiver unit 154 (RXM). The receiver unit 154 performs generation (e.g., filtering, amplification, and downconversion) of the received RF signal, converts the generated signal into digital form, and creates samples. Demodulator 160 processes the samples in the manner described below and creates demodulated data. The received (RX) data processing unit 170 performs processing (eg, interleaving and decoding) of the demodulated data and creates the decoded data. In general, the processing performed by the demodulator 160 and the received data processing device 170 is complementary to the processing performed, respectively,

The controller processing units 140 and 180 control the operation, respectively, of the transmitter 118 and the receiver 150. The memory devices 142 and 182 store program codes in the form of computer programs and data used, respectively, by the transmitter 118 and the receiver 150.

Referring to Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a design of a receiver unit 154 and a demodulator 160 in a receiver 150 of FIG. 1. At receiver section 154, receiver circuit 440 processes the received RF signal and generates in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) baseband signals, which are denoted as I_bb and Q_bb. The receive circuit 440 can perform low noise gain, analog filtering, quadrature downconversion, and so on. The analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 442 converts I and Q signals in the original frequency band into digital form with a sampling frequency equal to<img file="00000001.tif" he="6" wi="7" img-format="tif" img-content="undefined" />, and creates I and Q samples, which are denoted as I_adc and Q_adc. In general, the frequency<img file="00000002.tif" he="6" wi="6" img-format="tif" img-content="undefined" /> The ADC sampling rate can be related to the frequency <img file="00000003.tif" he="6" wi="6" img-format="tif" img-content="undefined" /> by any integer or non-integer coefficient.

In the demodulator 160, the pre-processor 420 pre-processes the I and Q samples from the ADC 442. For example, the pre-processor 420 can remove the DC offset, eliminate the frequency offset, and so on. The input filter 422 filters the samples from the pre-processor 420 based on a particular frequency response and generates input I and Q samples that are denoted as I_in and Q_in. Filter 422 can filter I and Q samples to suppress images resulting from sampling by the ADC 442, as well as intentional interference transmitters. The filter 422 can also perform sample rate conversion, for example, with a 24-fold increased sampling rate up to a 2-fold higher sampling rate. The data filter 424 filters the input I and Q samples from the input filter 422 based on another frequency response and generates output I and Q samples that are denoted as I_out and Q_out. Filters 422 and 424 may be implemented by finite impulse response (FIR) filters, filters with infinite impulse response (IIR), or other types of filters. The frequency characteristics of the filters 422 and 424 can be selected in such a way as to achieve good performance. In one embodiment, the frequency response of filter 422 is unchanged, and the frequency response of filter 424 is configurable.

The adjacent channel (ACI) detector 430 receives the input I and Q samples from the filter 422, detects the ACI in the received RF signal, and provides the ACI pointer to the filter 424. The ACI indicator can indicate whether the ACI is present or not and if present, then it can indicate whether the ACI is due to a higher RF channel centered on a frequency of +200 kHz and / or a lower RF channel centered on a frequency of -200 kHz. As described below, the frequency response of filter 424 can be adjusted based on the ACI pointer to ensure good functioning.

The corrector / detector 426 receives the output I and Q samples from the filter 424 and performs correction, matched filtering, detection, and / or other processing of these samples. For example, the equalizer / detector 426 can implement the Maximum Likelihood Estimator (MLSE), which determines the sequence of symbols most likely to be transmitted when there is a sequence of I and Q samples and channel parameter estimates.

The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is a widely accepted standard in wireless cellular communications. The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) uses a combination of Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) technology and Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) technology to share spectrum resources. GSM networks usually operate in several frequency bands. For example, for the uplink communication in the GSM-900 system, the radio frequency spectrum in the frequency bands 890-915 MHz (from the mobile station to the base transceiver station) is usually used. For communication on the downlink, the GSM-900 system uses frequencies in the 935-960 MHz band (from the base station to the mobile station). In addition, each frequency band is divided into carrier frequencies of 200 kHz, which provides 124 RF channels spaced 200 kHz apart. The GSM-1900 system uses frequencies in the range 1850-1910 MHz for the uplink and frequency in the 1930-1990 MHz band for the downlink. Like the GSM 900 system, FDMA divides the spectrum of the GSM-1900 system for both the uplink and downlink, to carrier frequencies of 200 kHz. Similarly, in the GSM-850 system frequencies in the range 824-849 MHz are used for the uplink and frequency in the 869-894 MHz band for the downlink, while in the GSM-1800 system it uses frequencies in the range 1710-1785 MHz for the uplink and the frequency in the range 1805-1880 MHz for the downlink. The GSM-1900 system uses frequencies in the range 1850-1910 MHz for the uplink and frequency in the 1930-1990 MHz band for the downlink. Like the GSM 900 system, FDMA divides the spectrum of the GSM-1900 system for both the uplink and downlink, to carrier frequencies of 200 kHz. Similarly, in the GSM-850 system frequencies in the range 824-849 MHz are used for the uplink and frequency in the 869-894 MHz band for the downlink, while in the GSM-1800 system it uses frequencies in the range 1710-1785 MHz for the uplink and the frequency in the range 1805-1880 MHz for the downlink. The GSM-1900 system uses frequencies in the range 1850-1910 MHz for the uplink and frequency in the 1930-1990 MHz band for the downlink. Like the GSM 900 system, FDMA divides the spectrum of the GSM-1900 system for both the uplink and downlink, to carrier frequencies of 200 kHz. Similarly, in the GSM-850 system frequencies in the range 824-849 MHz are used for the uplink and frequency in the 869-894 MHz band for the downlink, while in the GSM-1800 system it uses frequencies in the range 1710-1785 MHz for the uplink and the frequency in the range 1805-1880 MHz for the downlink. to carrier frequencies of 200 kHz width. Similarly, in the GSM-850 system frequencies in the range 824-849 MHz are used for the uplink and frequency in the 869-894 MHz band for the downlink, while in the GSM-1800 system it uses frequencies in the range 1710-1785 MHz for the uplink and the frequency in the range 1805-1880 MHz for the downlink. to carrier frequencies of 200 kHz width. Similarly, in the GSM-850 system frequencies in the range 824-849 MHz are used for the uplink and frequency in the 869-894 MHz band for the downlink, while in the GSM-1800 system it uses frequencies in the range 1710-1785 MHz for the uplink and the frequency in the range 1805-1880 MHz for the downlink.

Each channel in the GSM system is identified on the channel with a specific absolute radio frequency, which is identified by the absolute number of the radio frequency channel, or ARFCN. For example, numbers 1-124 of the ARFCN are assigned to the channels of the GSM-900 system, while 512-810 ARFCN numbers are assigned to the channels of the GSM-1900 system. Similarly, the numbers 128-251 of the ARFCN are assigned to the channels of the GSM-850 system, while the numbers 512-885 of the ARFCN are assigned to the channels of the GSM-1800 system. In addition, each base station is assigned one or more carrier frequencies. When using TDMA, each carrier frequency is divided into eight time slots (which are labeled as time slots 0-7), so that eight consecutive time slots form one 4.615 msec (millisecond) TDMA frame. The physical channel occupies one time slot in the TDMA frame. Each active wireless communication device / user is provided with one or more time slot indices for the duration of the call. Data dedicated to a particular user for each wireless communication device is sent in a time slot (in time slots) provided to this wireless communication device and in TDMA frames used for traffic channels.

In the GSM system, each time slot in a frame is used to transmit a "packet" of data. Sometimes the terms "time slot" and "package" can be used interchangeably. Each packet includes two tail fields, two "data" fields, a "sequence sequence" field (or a midamble) and a guard interval (GP). The number of characters in each field is shown in parentheses. The package includes 148 characters for the tail fields, the "data" fields and the "middle part" fields. In the guard interval, no symbols are transmitted. TDMA frames with a particular carrier frequency are numbered and formed into groups of 26 TDMA frames or from 51 TDMA frames, referred to as multiframes.

Referring to Fig. 3 shows an example of frame and packet formats in the GSM system. The transmission timeline is divided into multi-frames. For traffic channels used to transmit data intended for a particular user, each multiframe in this example includes 26 TDMA frames that are labeled as TDMA frames 0 through 25. Transmission of information traffic channels is performed in TDMA frames from 0th to 11th, and in TDMA frames from 13th to 24th each multiframe. The control channel is transmitted in the TDMA frame number 12. In the unoccupied TDMA frame, the number 25, which is used by wireless communication devices to measure the parameters of neighboring base stations, does not transmit data.

Referring to Fig. 4 shows an example of a spectrum in a GSM system. In this example, five modulated RF signals are transmitted over five RF channels that are spaced apart at 200 kHz. An RF channel of interest is shown having a center frequency of 0 Hz. Two adjacent RF channels have center frequencies that are spaced at +200 kHz and -200 kHz from the center frequency of the desired RF channel. The next two nearest RF channels (which are referred to as blocking or non-contiguous RF channels) are center frequencies that are spaced at +400 kHz and -400 kHz from the center frequency of the desired RF channel. In the spectrum, there may be other RF channels that are not shown in FIG. 3 for simplicity. In the GSM system, a modulated RF signal is generated at a symbol rate<img file="00000004.tif" he="6" wi="6" img-format="tif" img-content="undefined" />= 13000/40 = 270.8 thousand characters per second (Ksps) and has a bandwidth of -3 dB to ± 135 kHz. Thus, the modulated RF signals in adjacent RF channels can overlap each other at the edges, as shown in FIG. 4.

For transmitting information such as, for example, voice information, data and / or control information in the GSM system, one or more modulation schemes are used. Examples of modulation schemes may include, among others, Gaussian minimum-shift modulation (GMSK), M-position quadrature amplitude modulation (M-ary QAM), or M-position phase shift keying (M-ary PSK), where M = 2ⁿ, and n is the number of bits coded for the symbol period for the specified modulation scheme. GMSK is a binary modulation scheme with a constant envelope that allows transmission without processing with a maximum transmission rate of 270.83 kilobits per second (Kb / s).

The GSM system is effective for standard voice service. However, for high-fidelity audio data transmission services and data, higher data throughput is required for data transmission due to higher bandwidth requirements for transmissions in the provision of both types of voice and data services. In order to increase the throughput in GSM systems, the standards GPRS (General Packet Radio Service), EDGE (Evolved GSM System with Enhanced Data Rate) and UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) were adopted.

The General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) system provides non-voice services. It allows you to send and receive information through a mobile phone network. It complements the circuit-switched data service (CSD) and the short message service (SMS). GPRS uses the same modulation schemes as in the GSM system. GPRS allows one mobile station to simultaneously use the entire frame as a whole (all eight time slots). Thus, higher data throughput is achievable.

In the EDGE standard, both types of modulation are used: GMSK modulation and 8-PSK modulation. In addition, the modulation type can be changed from one packet to another. 8-PSK modulation in the EDGE system is a linear 8-level phase modulation with a turn of 3π / 8, whereas GMSK modulation is a non-linear frequency modulation with the formation of Gaussian pulses. However, the specific GMSK modulation used in the GSM system can be approximated by linear modulation (i.e., 2-level phase modulation with rotation by π / 2). The impulse of the approximated GMSK modulation symbol and the 8-position phase shift keying (8-PSK) pulse are identical.

In the GSM / EDGE system, the base station (BS) regularly sends frequency packets (FBs), which allows the mobile stations (MSs) to synchronize their LOs with the baseband heterodyne (LO) of the base station using the frequency offset and offset estimation. These packets contain one tone signal, which corresponds to the payload and the training sequence consisting entirely of "0". The payload of a frequency packet, consisting entirely of zeros, is a constant frequency signal or a packet of one tone. When a remote station is in power-on or call waiting mode or when it first accesses the network, it continuously searches for a frequency packet from the list of carriers. After detecting the frequency packet, the MS estimates the frequency offset relative to its nominal frequency, which is 67, 7 kHz from the carrier. The local oscillator (LO) is corrected using this estimated frequency offset. In the power-on mode, the frequency offset can be +/- 19 kHz. The MS periodically wakes up from sleep mode to track the frequency packet to maintain its synchronization in standby mode. In standby mode, the frequency offset is within ± 2 kHz.

Modern mobile cellular phones are able to provide normal calls in voice mode and data calls. The need to provide calls of both types continues to increase, which imposes ever higher demands on network bandwidth. Network operators meet these needs by increasing the network capacity. This is achieved, for example, by splitting or adding cells and, consequently, by adding more base stations, which increases the hardware costs. It is desirable to increase network bandwidth without unduly increasing hardware costs, in particular, to cope with unusually large maximum needs during major events such as, for example, an international football match or a major festival,They want to access the network. When the first remote station is provided with a channel for communication (a channel containing a channel frequency and a time slot), the second remote station can use this provided channel only after the first remote station has completed the use of the channel. The maximum cell capacity is achieved when all the frequencies of the provided channel are used in the cell, and when all available time slots are either used or allocated. This means that any additional user of the remote station will be unable to receive service. In fact, there is another bandwidth limit due to intra-channel interference (CCI) and interference from adjacent channels (ACI),

Network operators have solved this problem in several ways, all of which require additional resources and additional costs. For example, one approach is to divide cells into sectors using sectoral or directed antenna arrays. Each sector can provide communication for a subset of remote stations within a cell, and interference between remote stations in different sectors is less than if the cell was not divided into sectors and all remote stations would be in the same cell . Another approach is to divide the cell into smaller cells, each newer smaller cell having a base station. The implementation of both these approaches is costly due to the added network equipment. Besides,

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

In a first embodiment of the invention, the present patent application includes means, steps and instructions for combining two signals including signal modulation, multiplying the signals by the gain, performing the phase shift of the signals, summing the signals to each other, and transmitting the summed signals. In another embodiment of the invention, the present patent application further includes means, steps and instructions for signaling the I and Q axes; and for signal filtering, where signals I and Q are phase-shifted in each symbol by π / 2.

In yet another embodiment of the invention, the present patent application includes a device for combining two signals comprising at least one baseband modulator, at least one amplifier by which the signals are multiplied by the gain; and at least one combiner, through which signals are combined operatively connected to at least one amplifier.

In yet another embodiment of the invention, this apparatus further comprises a phase shifter operatively coupled to at least one modulator in the baseband to create a π / 2 phase shift between these two signals prior to combining the signals, and at least one modulator in the main frequency band contains a modulator based on a two-position phase shift keying (BPSK modulator) in the main frequency band on the I axis and a BPSK modulator in the fundamental frequency band on the Q axis.

In another embodiment of the invention, the present patent application includes a base station comprising a controller processor, an antenna, an antenna switch operatively coupled to a base station antenna, an input stage of a receiver operatively coupled to an antenna switch, a receiver demodulator functionally coupled to an input stage receiver, channel decoder and de-interleaver functionally connected to the receiver demodulator and to the controller processor, the monitoring interface EPA base station operably connected to the controller processor, a coder and interleaver operably connected to the controller processor, a transmitter modulator operably connected to the coding device and interleaver, a transmitter input stage module operatively connected between said transmitter modulator and an antenna switch, a data bus operatively connected between said controller processor and said channel decoder and de-interleaver, said receiver demodulator, said receiver input stage, said transmitter modulator and said transmitter input stage; and a device for combining two signals comprising at least one baseband modulator, at least one amplifier by which the signals are multiplied by a gain operatively connected to at least one modulator in the base band; and at least one combiner, through which signals are combined operatively connected to at least one amplifier, and a phase shifter, functionally connected to at least one modulator in the main frequency band. In another embodiment, the base station further comprises a phase shifter operatively connected to at least one modulator in the baseband to provide a π / 2 phase shift between the two signals, and at least one baseband modulator contains a BPSK modulator in the main frequency band on the I axis and a BPSK modulator in the main frequency band on the Q axis.

A further scope of applicability of the method and apparatus of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, claims and drawings. However, it is to be understood that although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are indicated in the detailed description and in specific examples, they are given only as an illustrative example, since it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications are possible without departing from the foregoing limits of the spirit and scope of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a transmitter and a receiver;

Referring to Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of a receiver and demodulator unit;

Referring to Fig. 3 shows an example of the frame and packet formats in the GSM system;

Referring to Fig. 4 shows an example of a spectrum in a GSM system;

Referring to Fig. 5 is a simplified view of a cellular communication system;

Referring to Fig. 6 shows a diagram of the arrangement of cells that are part of the cellular communication system;

Referring to Fig. 7 shows an example of a time slot arrangement for a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) communication system;

Referring to Fig. 8A shows an apparatus for operating in a multiple access communication system for generating first and second signals sharing one channel;

Referring to Fig. 8B shows an apparatus for operating in a multiple access communication system for generating first and second signals sharing one channel and using a combiner to combine the first and second modulated signals;

Referring to Fig. 9 of the accompanying drawings, there is shown a flowchart illustrating a method of using the device shown in any of the accompanying drawings FIG. 8, Fig. 10 or Fig. eleven;

Referring to Fig. 10A shows an exemplary embodiment of the invention in which the method described in FIG. 9, is performed in the base station controller;

Referring to Fig. 10B is a flowchart illustrating the operations performed by the base station controller from the FIG. 10A;

Referring to Fig. 11 shows a base station in aspects illustrating a signal flow in a base station;

Referring to Fig. 12 shows exemplary layouts for a memory for storing data in a storage subsystem that could be located in a base station controller (BSC) of a cellular communication system;

Referring to Fig. 13 shows an example of a receiver architecture for a remote station having an improved downlink channel (DARP) function, from the method and from the apparatus of the present invention;

Referring to Fig. 14 shows part of a GSM system adapted to provide the same channel to two remote stations;

Referring to Fig. 15 of the accompanying drawings, a first example of a device for combining and transmitting two signals with different amplitudes is disclosed;

Referring to Fig. 16 of the accompanying drawings, a second example of a device for combining and transmitting two signals with different amplitudes is disclosed;

Referring to Fig. 17 of the accompanying drawings, a third example of a device for combining and transmitting two signals with different amplitudes is disclosed;

Referring to Fig. 18 of the accompanying drawings, a fourth example of an apparatus for combining and transmitting two signals with different amplitudes is disclosed;

Referring to Fig. 19 illustrates an alternative approach or example for combining two signals by setting the data of both users in correspondence with the in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) axes of the population under quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK-set);

Referring to Fig. 20 is a diagram of a QPSK population;

Referring to Fig. 21A of the accompanying drawings, a flowchart is shown in which operations are disclosed for combining and transmitting two signals of different amplitudes;

Referring to Fig. 21B, the flowchart is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which operations for combining signals are described by setting both users in correspondence to the I, Q QPSK population, respectively;

Referring to Fig. 21B, the flowchart is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which operations are disclosed for combining and transmitting two signals with different amplitudes;

Referring to Fig. 22 is a flowchart including disclosing operations performed when adapting a base station that does not support MUROS technology (multiple users in the same time slot) to recognize the enabled MUROS support capability in the remote base station; and

Referring to Fig. 23 shows a base station with software stored in a memory device that can provide execution of the method disclosed in the drawings of FIG. 21A, Fig. 21B, Fig. 21B and Fig. 22.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

It is intended that the detailed description given below with reference to the accompanying drawings is a description of various embodiments of the present invention and it is intended that not only those embodiments of the invention in which the present invention may be practiced are represented therein. The term "exemplary" as used throughout this description means "serving as an example, sample or illustration" and it need not be construed as preferred or as having advantages over other embodiments of the invention. The detailed description contains specific details to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, for those skilled in the art, that the present invention can be implemented in practice without these specific details. In some cases, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid a difficulty in understanding the idea of ​​the present invention.

Interference due to other users restricts the operation of wireless networks. These disturbances may appear as either interference from neighboring cells at the same frequency, known as intra-channel interference (CCI), which are considered above or from neighboring frequencies in the same cell, known as interference from adjacent channels (ACI), which also discussed above.

Single-antenna interference cancellation (SAIC) is used to reduce in-channel interference (CCI), with the Third Generation Partnership (3GPP) Partnership Project providing standardized operation of the SAIC. SAIC is a method used to deal with interference. The Organization (3GPP) has approved the Advanced Downlink Reception (DARP) function to describe the receiver in which SAIC is used.

The DARP function increases the network throughput by using lower reuse factors. In addition, it simultaneously provides interference suppression. The DARP function operates in that portion of the remote station receiver that operates in the baseband. It provides interference suppression from adjacent channels and in-channel interference, which is different from total noise. The DARP function is available in the previously established GSM system standards (starting with the Rel-6 version in 2004) as a version independent function, and is an integral part of the Rel-6 version and later specifications. Two methods of DARP are described below. The first is the method of joint detection / joint demodulation (JD). The JD method uses information about the GSM signal structure in neighboring cells in synchronous mobile communication networks to demodulate one of several interference signals in addition to the useful signal. The ability of the JD method to extract interference signals can suppress specific sources of interference from adjacent channels. In addition to demodulating GMSK signals, the JD method can also be used to demodulate EDGE signals. Another method used in the DARP function to demodulate the GMSK signal is to suppress the blind source (BIC). In the BIC method, the receiver does not have any information about the structure of any interference signals that can be received simultaneously with the reception of the useful signal. Since the receiver is actually "blind" to any sources of interference from adjacent channels, in the method, the component is suppressed, which is a hindrance, entirely. In the BIC method, the GMSK signal is demodulated from the desired carrier. The BIC method is most effective when it is used to service voice communication and data transmission with GMSK modulation, and can be used in asynchronous networks.

The remote station corrector / detector 426 capable of supporting the DARP function from this method and device also performs CCI suppression before correction, detection, etc. The corrector / detector 426 shown in FIG. 2, creates demodulated data. In BS 110, 111, 114, CCI suppression is generally provided. In addition, remote stations 123-127 may or may not be capable of supporting the DARP function. The network can determine whether the remote station is capable of supporting the DARP function or not, in the resource allocation step, the initial time of the call, or during the power-up phase for the remote GSM station (for example, for the mobile station).

It is desirable to increase the number of active connections to remote stations that the base station can control. Referring to Fig. 5 of the accompanying drawings, a simplified view of a cellular communication system 100 is shown. This system comprises base stations 110, 111 and 114 and remote stations 123, 124, 125, 126, and 127. Base station controllers 141 to 144 act to route signals to various remote stations 123-127 and from there, under the control of centers 151 , 152 mobile switching (MSC). The mobile switching centers 151, 152 are connected to a Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) 162. Although the remote stations 123-127 are typically portable mobile communication devices, under the generic name "remote station 123-127"

Signals that are carriers of, for example, voice communication data are transmitted between each of the remote stations 123-127 and other remote stations 123-127 via base station controllers 141-144 under the control of mobile switching centers 151, 152. Alternatively, signals that are carriers, for example, of voice communication data, are transmitted between each of the remote stations 123-127 and other communication equipment of other communication networks via public switched telephone network 162. The public switched telephone network 162 allows call routing between the mobile cellular system 100 and other communication systems. These other systems include other mobile communication systems 100 of various types and corresponding to other standards.

Each of the remote stations 123-127 can be serviced by any of several base stations 110, 111, 114. The remote station 124 receives both the signal transmitted by the serving base station 114 and the signals transmitted by the nearby base stations 110, 111 that are not serving base stations and designed to service other remote stations 125.

The remote station 124 periodically measures the levels of the various signals from the base stations 110, 111, 114 and reports them to the BSC 144, 114, etc. If the signal from the nearby base station 110, 111 becomes stronger than the signal from the serving base station 114, the mobile switching center (MSC) 152 operates such that the nearby base station 110 becomes the serving base station, and operates in such a way that the serving base station 114 becomes a non-serving base station and handoffs the signal to a nearby base station 110. The term "handoff" refers to a method for transferring a data session and whether the current call from one channel connected to the core network, to another channel.

In mobile cellular systems, radio resources are divided into several channels. Each active connection (for example, a call in the voice communication mode) is assigned a specific channel having a specific channel frequency for the signal transmitted on the downlink (transmitted by the base station 110, 111, 114 to the remote station 123-127 and received by the remote station 123- 127) and a channel having a particular channel frequency for the uplink signal (transmitted by the remote station 123-127 to the base station 110, 111, 114, and received by the base station 110, 111, 114). The frequencies for the signals transmitted on the downlink and on the uplink are often different,

The method of providing access to multiple users in cellular communication systems is frequency reuse. Referring to Fig. 6 of the accompanying drawings shows a diagram of the arrangement of cells in a cellular communication system in which frequency reuse is applied. In this particular example, the reuse factor is 4:12, which means that there are 4 network nodes and 12 frequencies. This means that the base stations of the four network nodes designated by the letters A to D are provided with 12 frequencies available for use by the base station, each network node having one base station 110, 111, 114. Each node of the network is divided into three sectors (which now usually referred to as cells). In another formulation, each of the three cells of each of the 4 nodes of the network is assigned one frequency, so that all these 12 cells have different frequencies. As shown in the drawing, the frequency reuse pattern is repeated. Base station 110 belongs to cell A, base station 114 belongs to cell B, base station 111 belongs to cell C, and so on. The base station 110 has a service area 220 that overlaps partially with the neighboring service areas 230 and 240 of the neighboring base stations 111 and 114, respectively. The remote stations 124, 125 are free to move between service areas. As described above, in order to reduce signal interference between cells, a set of channel frequencies is assigned to each node of the network, which is different than the set of channel frequencies assigned to each of the neighboring network nodes. However, two network nodes that are non-contiguous can use the same set of frequencies. The base station 110 can use, for example, a designated frequency set A comprising frequencies f1, f2 and f3, for communication with remote stations 125 in its service area 220. Likewise, the base station 114 can use the assigned set of frequency Bs containing the frequencies f4, f5 and f6 to communicate with remote stations 124 in its coverage area 240, and so on. The area delineated by the greasy boundary 250 contains one repeat pattern for the four nodes of the network. The repeat pattern is repeated as a regular structure for the geographic area served by the communication system 100. One can understand the following: although in this example the repetition occurs after 4 nodes of the network, the repeat pattern can have a different number of nodes of the network than four, and the total number of frequencies other than 12. containing frequencies f4, f5 and f6, for communicating with remote stations 124 in its coverage area 240, etc. The area delineated by the greasy boundary 250 contains one repeat pattern for the four nodes of the network. The repeat pattern is repeated as a regular structure for the geographic area served by the communication system 100. One can understand the following: although in this example the repetition occurs after 4 nodes of the network, the repeat pattern can have a different number of nodes of the network than four, and the total number of frequencies other than 12. containing frequencies f4, f5 and f6, for communicating with remote stations 124 in its coverage area 240, etc. The area delineated by the greasy boundary 250 contains one repeat pattern for the four nodes of the network. The repeat pattern is repeated as a regular structure for the geographic area served by the communication system 100. One can understand the following: although in this example the repetition occurs after 4 nodes of the network, the repeat pattern can have a different number of nodes of the network than four, and the total number of frequencies other than 12.

TDMA is a multiple access method, oriented to providing increased bandwidth. When using TDMA, each carrier frequency is divided into time intervals referred to as frames. Each frame is further divided into assignable user time slots. In the GSM system, the frame is divided into eight time slots. Thus, eight consecutive time slots form one TDMA frame with a duration of 4.615 ms.

The physical channel occupies one time slot in each frame at a particular frequency. The TDMA frames of a particular carrier frequency are numbered, with each user being provided with one or more time slots in each frame. In addition, the frame structure is repeated in such a way that the unchanged distribution in the TDMA system forms one or more time slots that periodically appear during each time frame. Thus, each base station can communicate with a plurality of remote stations 123-127 using different assigned time slots on one channel frequency. As stated above, the time intervals are periodically repeated. For example, the first user can transmit in the 1st time interval of each frame at a frequency f1, while the second user can transmit in the 2nd time interval of each frame at a frequency f2. Within each time slot, the remote station 123-127 is granted access to receive the signal transmitted by the base station 110, 111, 114, and during each time slot in the uplink of the base station 110, 111, 114, transmitted by the remote station 123-127. Thus, for the GSM system, the channel for communication with the remote station 123-127 includes both the frequency and the time slot. In the same manner, the channel for communication with the base station 110, 111, 114 includes both the frequency and the time slot. Within each time slot, the remote station 123-127 is granted access to receive the signal transmitted by the base station 110, 111, 114, and during each time slot in the uplink of the base station 110, 111, 114, transmitted by the remote station 123-127. Thus, for the GSM system, the channel for communication with the remote station 123-127 includes both the frequency and the time slot. In the same manner, the channel for communication with the base station 110, 111, 114 includes both the frequency and the time slot. Within each time slot, the remote station 123-127 is granted access to receive the signal transmitted by the base station 110, 111, 114, and during each time slot in the uplink of the base station 110, 111, 114, transmitted by the remote station 123-127. Thus, for the GSM system, the channel for communication with the remote station 123-127 includes both the frequency and the time slot. In the same manner, the channel for communication with the base station 110, 111, 114 includes both the frequency and the time slot. transmitted by the remote station 123-127. Thus, for the GSM system, the channel for communication with the remote station 123-127 includes both the frequency and the time slot. In the same manner, the channel for communication with the base station 110, 111, 114 includes both the frequency and the time slot. transmitted by the remote station 123-127. Thus, for the GSM system, the channel for communication with the remote station 123-127 includes both the frequency and the time slot. In the same manner, the channel for communication with the base station 110, 111, 114 includes both the frequency and the time slot.

Referring to Fig. 7 shows an example of a time slot layout for a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) communication system. The base station 114 transmits the data transmission signals in a sequence of numbered slots 30, each signal being destined for only one of the set of remote stations 123-127, and each signal is received at the antenna of all remote stations 123-127 within the range of receiving the transmitted signals. The base station 114 transmits all the signals using time slots on the assigned channel frequency. For example, the first remote station 124 may be assigned a first time slot 3, and a second time slot 5 may be assigned to the second remote station 126. In this example, the base station 114 transmits a signal to the first remote station 124 during the time slot 3 from the sequence of time slots 30, and transmits the signal to the second remote station 126 during the time slot 5 from the 30 time slot sequence. The first and second remote stations 124, 126 are active for receiving signals from the base station 114 during their respective time slots 3 and 5 from the 30 time slot sequence. The remote stations 124, 126 transmit signals to the base station 114 during the respective time slots 3 and 5 from the uplink time slot sequence 31. It can be seen that the time slots 30 for transmissions from the base station 114 (and for receiving by remote stations 124,

This shift in the transmission and reception time intervals is known as time division duplex (TDD), which, among other things, allows transmission and reception operations at various times.

The voice and data signals are not the only signals to be transmitted between the base station 110, 111, 114 and the remote station 123-127. To transmit data through which various aspects of communication between the base station 110, 111, 114 and the remote station 123-127 are controlled, a control channel is used. Among other things, the base station 110, 111, 114 uses a control channel to send a sequence code or a tuning sequence code (TSC) to the remote station 123-127, which indicates which base station 110, 111, 114 of the sequence set will be used to transmit the signal to the remote station 123-127. In the GSM system, a 26-bit training sequence is used for correction. It is a known sequence,

The remote station 123-127 uses these sequences to compensate for the degradation of the channel parameters that change rapidly over time; to reduce interference from other sectors or cells; to synchronize the receiver of the remote station 123-127 with the received signal. These functions are performed by the equalizer, which is part of the remote station receiver 123-127. A corrector 426 determines how the known transmitted signal of the training sequence is changed due to multipath fading. When corrected, this information can be used to extract a useful signal from unwanted reflections by constructing a reverse filter to extract the rest of the useful signal. In order to reduce interference between the sequences transmitted by the base stations 110, 111, 114 located close to each other,

As described above, the remote station 123-127 with the DARP function from the method and from the device according to the present invention is able to use the sequence to distinguish the signal transmitted thereto by the base station 110, 111, 114 serving the remote station 123-127 from the other extraneous signals transmitted by non-serving base stations 110, 111, 114 from other cells. This is true as long as the received amplitudes or power levels of foreign signals remain below the threshold value relative to the amplitude of the desired signal. External signals can cause interference in a useful signal if their amplitudes exceed this threshold. In addition, the threshold value may vary according to the capabilities of the remote station receiver 123-127.

Again, with reference to FIG. 5 at the remote transmission station 124 from the base station 110 destined for the remote station 125 may interfere with transmissions from the base station 114 destined for the remote station 124 (the interference signal is indicated by the dotted arrow 170). Likewise, at remote station 125, transmissions from base station 114 destined for remote station 124 can interfere with transmissions from base station 110 destined for remote station 125 (the passage of the interference signal is indicated by an arrow 182 of dots).

<tables num="1"><table frame="all"><tgroup cols="9" rowsep="1" colsep="1"><colspec colname="c0" colwidth="17mm" /><colspec colname="c1" colwidth="20mm" /><colspec colname="c2" colwidth="20mm" /><colspec colname="c3" colwidth="17mm" /><colspec colname="c4" colwidth="24mm" /><colspec colname="c5" colwidth="22mm" /><colspec colname="c6" colwidth="20mm" /><colspec colname="c7" colwidth="17mm" /><colspec colname="c8" colwidth="17mm" /><tbody><row><entry align="right" namest="c0" nameend="c8" rowsep="1" colsep="0">Table 1</entry></row><row><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">Line 1</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">The base station transmitting the signal</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">Remote station 1 receiving the signal</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">Channel Signal Frequency</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">Remote station 2, for which the signal is intended</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">The time interval (TS) of the signal in the downlink</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">Code of the tuning sequence (TSC) of the signal</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">The received signal strength level in remote station 1</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="0">Signal Category</entry></row><row><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">2</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">114</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">123</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">41</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">123</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">5</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">TSC 3</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">-40 dBm</entry><entry align="justify" rowsep="1" colsep="0">Useful</entry></row><row><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">3</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">114</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">124</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">32</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">124</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">3</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">TSC 3</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">-82 dBm</entry><entry align="justify" rowsep="1" colsep="0">Useful</entry></row><row><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">4</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">110</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">124</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">32</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">125</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">3</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">TSC 1</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">-81 dBm</entry><entry align="justify" rowsep="1" colsep="0">Interference source</entry></row><row><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">5</entry><entry align="left" rowsep="1" colsep="1"> </entry><entry align="left" rowsep="1" colsep="1"> </entry><entry align="left" rowsep="1" colsep="1"> </entry><entry align="left" rowsep="1" colsep="1"> </entry><entry align="left" rowsep="1" colsep="1"> </entry><entry align="left" rowsep="1" colsep="1"> </entry><entry align="left" rowsep="1" colsep="1"> </entry><entry align="left" rowsep="1" colsep="0"> </entry></row><row><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">6th</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">114</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">125</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">32</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">124</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">3</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">TSC 3</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="1" colsep="1">-79 dBm</entry><entry align="justify" rowsep="1" colsep="0">Interference source</entry></row><row><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="1">7th</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="1">110</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="1">125</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="1">32</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="1">125</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="1">3</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="1">TSC 1</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="1">-80 dBm</entry><entry align="justify" rowsep="0" colsep="0">Useful</entry></row></tbody></tgroup></table></tables>

Table 1 shows exemplary parameter values ​​for the signals transmitted by the two base stations 110 and 114 illustrated in FIG. 6. The information in lines 3 and 4 of Table 1 shows that for remote station 124 both signals are received: a useful signal from the first base station 114 and an alien interference signal from the second base station 110 that is destined for the remote station 125 and that these two received signals have the same channel and similar power levels (-82 dBm (dB in relation to 1 milliwatt) and -81 dBm, respectively). Likewise, the information in lines 6 and 7 indicates that for remote station 125 both signals are received: a useful signal from the second base station 110 and an extraneous signal that is the source of interference from the first base station 114,

Thus, each remote station 124, 125 receives both the desired signal and the foreign signal, which is the source of interference, which have similar power levels, from the different base stations 114, 110 through the same channel (i.e., simultaneously). Since these two signals come in the same channel and have similar power levels, they create mutual interference. This can cause errors when demodulating and decoding a useful signal. This interference is the intra-channel interference discussed above.

Intra-channel interference can be reduced to a greater extent than previously possible, by using remote stations 123-127, base stations 110, 111, 114 and base station controllers 151, 152 with the DARP function involved. Although the base stations 110, 111, 114 may be capable of receiving and demodulating simultaneously two signals transmitted on the same channel that have similar power levels, the DARP function allows remote stations 123-127 to have a similar capability through the DARP function. This ability to support the DARP function can be implemented by means of a SAIC or by a method known as dual antenna interference (DAIC) suppression.

A receiver of the remote station 123-127 capable of supporting the DARP function can perform demodulation of the desired signal while discarding an extraneous signal transmitted on the same channel even when the amplitude of the received foreign signal transmitted over the same channel is similar or more higher than the amplitude of the useful signal. The DARP function works best when the amplitudes of the received signals transmitted on the same channel are similar. This situation usually occurs in existing systems such as, for example, a GSM system in which the method and apparatus of the present invention are not yet used when each of the two remote stations 123-127, each of which communicates with a different base station 110 , 111, 114 is near the border of the cell,

In contrast, the remote station 123-127, which is not capable of supporting the DARP function, can demodulate only the desired signal if the foreign signal that is the source of interference that is transmitted over the same channel has a lower amplitude or lower power level, than the amplitude of the useful signal. In one example, it may be lower by at least 8 dB. Therefore, the remote station 123-127 capable of supporting the DARP function may allow the presence of a signal transmitted over the same channel with a much higher amplitude than the useful signal amplitude than a remote station 123-127 capable of supporting the DARP function .

The co-channel interference factor (CCI) is the ratio between the power levels or the amplitudes of the useful and extraneous signals, expressed in decibels (dB). In one example, the intra-channel interference ratio may be, for example, -6 dB (whereby the power level of the desired signal is 6 dB lower than the power level of the signal that is the source of interference (or an external signal) transmitted over the same the channel itself). In another example, this coefficient may be +6 dB (whereby the power level of the useful signal is 6 dB higher than the power level of the signal that is the source of the interference (or foreign signal) transmitted over the same channel). For those remote stations 123-127 from the method and from the device according to the present invention, in which the DARP function works well, the amplitude of the interfering signal can be as much as 10 dB larger than the desired signal amplitude, and remote stations 123-127, however, can process the desired signal. If the amplitude of the signal, which is the source of interference, exceeds the amplitude of the useful signal by 10 dB, then the coefficient of intra-channel interference is -10 dB.

As described above, the ability to support the DARP function improves the reception of signals by the remote station 123-127 in the presence of ACI or CCI. A new user capable of supporting the DARP function will better suppress interference from an existing user. An existing user, also capable of supporting the DARP function, would do the same, and the new user would not have an impact on it. In one example, the DARP function works well with the CCI in the range of 0 dB (the same level of intra-channel interference for signals) to -6 dB (the level of the signal transmitted over the same channel by 6 dB exceeds the level of the desired or desired signal) . Thus, two users who use the same absolute number of the radio frequency channel (ARFCN) and the same time interval,

The DARP function allows each of the two remote stations 124 and 125, if both of them have an enabled DARP function, to receive useful signals from two base stations 110 and 114, which useful signals have similar power levels, and allows each remote station 124, 125 demodulate its useful signal. Thus, both remote stations 124, 125 with the DARP function enabled can simultaneously use the same channel for data or speech transmission.

The above-described feature, consisting of using one channel to support two simultaneous calls from two base stations 110, 111, 114 to two remote stations 123-127, is somewhat limited by its use in the prior art. To use this feature, the two remote stations 124, 125 are within the range of the two base stations 114, 110, and each receives two signals with similar power levels. As mentioned above, in order to fulfill this condition, two remote stations 124, 125 should normally be located near the cell boundary.

The method and apparatus of the present invention allows support of two or more simultaneous calls over the same channel (composed of a time slot on the carrier frequency), each call including a communication between one base station 110, 111, 114 and one of a plurality of remote stations 123-127 via a signal transmitted by the base station 110, 111, 114 and a signal transmitted by the remote station 123-127. The method and apparatus of the present invention provide a new and patentable application for the DARP function. As described above, when using the DARP function, two signals in the same time interval on the same carrier frequency can be distinguished using different tuning sequences at higher interference levels, than before using the DARP function. Since the signal from the BS 110, 111, 114 not currently in use acts as an interference, the DARP function filters / suppresses the foreign signal (signal from the BS 110, 111, 114 not currently being used) using the training sequences .

The method and apparatus of the present invention allows the use of two or more training sequences in the same cell. In the prior art, one of the tuning sequences, one that is not assigned to the base station 110, 111, 114, acts only as a hindrance, as it also acts in the MUROS technology ("multiple users in one time slot") for the receiver, at least , one mobile station 123-127. However, the main difference is that the foreign signal for this mobile station 123-127 is a useful signal for another mobile station 123-127 in the same cell. In outdated systems, an extraneous signal is destined for the mobile station 123-127 in another cell. According to the method and apparatus of the present invention, the signals of both tuning sequences can be used in the same time interval on the same carrier frequency in the same cell by the same base station 110, 111, 114. Since the cell can use two tuning sequences, then in a cell, twice as many communication channels can be used. By taking a training sequence that is usually an interference from another cell (not neighboring) or sector (not neighboring) and allowing the base station 110, 111, 114 to use it in addition to the already used training sequence for the same time slot , the number of communication channels is doubled.

Therefore, when the DARP function is used in conjunction with the method and with the device according to the present invention, it provides for the GSM network the possibility of using the same channel that is already in use (i.e., the channel with the already used absolute radio frequency channel number (ARFCN)) for service of additional users. In one example, each ARFCN can be used for two users in a full rate (FR) voice mode and for four (4) users in a half rate (HR) voice mode. There is also the possibility of servicing a third or even a fourth user, if the DARP function works excellently at remote stations 123-127. To serve additional users using the same AFRCN in the same time interval, the network transmits the RF signal to additional users on the same carrier using a different phase offset, and assigns the same traffic channel (the same ARFCN and time slot that is used) to an additional user using a different tuning sequence code (TSC) . The packets are modulated with a training sequence corresponding to the proper TSC. A remote station 123-127 capable of supporting a DARP function can detect a useful or desired signal. It is possible to add the third and fourth users in the same way as the first and second users were added. and assigns the same traffic channel (the same ARFCN and time slot that is used) to an additional user using a different tuning sequence code (TSC). The packets are modulated with a training sequence corresponding to the proper TSC. A remote station 123-127 capable of supporting a DARP function can detect a useful or desired signal. It is possible to add the third and fourth users in the same way as the first and second users were added. and assigns the same traffic channel (the same ARFCN and time slot that is used) to an additional user using a different tuning sequence code (TSC). The packets are modulated with a training sequence corresponding to the proper TSC. A remote station 123-127 capable of supporting a DARP function can detect a useful or desired signal. It is possible to add the third and fourth users in the same way as the first and second users were added. can detect a useful or desired signal. It is possible to add the third and fourth users in the same way as the first and second users were added. can detect a useful or desired signal. It is possible to add the third and fourth users in the same way as the first and second users were added.

Referring to Fig. 8A of the accompanying drawings shows an apparatus for operating in a multiple access communication system for generating first and second signals sharing one channel. The first data source 401 and the second data source 402 (for the first and second remote stations 123-127) generate the first data 424 and the second data 425 for transmission. The sequence generator 403 generates the first sequence 404 and the second sequence 405. The first combiner 406 combines the first sequence 404 with the first data 424, creating the first combined data 408. The second combiner 407 combines the second sequence 405 with the second data 425, creating the second combined data 409.

The first and second combined data 408, 409 are input to the transmitter modulator 410 to modulate both the combined data: the first and second combined data 408, 409 using the first carrier 411 and the first time slot 412. In this example, the carrier frequency can be generated by the generator 421 The modulator of the transmitter outputs the first modulated signal 413 and the second modulated signal 414 to the input RF stage 415. The RF input stage performs processing of the first and second modulated signals 413, 414, increasing their frequency from the frequency band of the original signals to the radio frequency. The up-converted signals are sent to antennas 416 and 417, where, respectively, they are transmitted.

The first and second modulated signals can be combined in the combiner before they are transmitted. The combiner 422 may be part of either the transmitter modulator 410 or the RF input stage 415 or be a separate device. A single antenna 416 provides a means for transmitting the first and second combined signals by emission. This is illustrated in FIG. 8B.

Referring to Fig. 9 of the accompanying drawings, a method for using devices designed to operate in a multiple access communication system for generating first and second signals sharing one channel, as shown in the drawings, is shown in FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B. This method includes the following operation: for the base station 110, 111, 114, the specific channel frequency and the specific time interval to be used for transmission to the plurality of remote stations 123-127 are assigned, whereby each remote station 123-127 is assigned a different tuning sequence. Thus, in one example, this method can be performed in the base station controller 151, 152. In another example, this method may be performed at the base station 110, 111, 114.

After the method is started 501, an operation 502 is performed, which decides whether to establish a new connection between the base station 110, 111, 114 and the remote station 123-127. If the answer is "NO", then the method returns to the "start" block 501, and the operations described above are repeated. When the answer is YES, a new connection is established. Then, in block 503, a decision is made as to whether there is an unused channel (i.e., an unused time slot for any channel frequency). If there is an unused time slot on the used or unused channel frequency, a new time slot is provided at block 504. Then, the method returns to the "start" block 501, and the operations described above are repeated.

When, finally, there is no longer any unused time slot (since all time slots are used for connections), the answer to the question in block 503 is "NO" and the method proceeds to block 505. At block 505, the used time slot for a new connection, for its use in conjunction with an existing connection, in accordance with a set of first criteria. There can be many criteria. For example, one of the criteria may be the following: the time interval can be selected if it has a low traffic flow. Another criterion may be the following: the time interval is already used by no more than one remote station 123-127. It can be understood that there may be other possible criteria based on the methods of network planning used,

After selecting the used time slot on the channel frequency for the new connection used in conjunction with the existing connection, then a TSC selection for the new connection is made in block 506 in accordance with a set of second criteria. These second criteria may include some of the criteria used to select the time interval in block 505, or other criteria. One criterion is that the TSC has not yet been used by the cell or sector for the channel containing the time slot used. Another criterion may be that the TSC is not used in this channel by a nearby cell or a nearby sector. Then, the method returns to the "start" block 501, and the operations described above are repeated.

Referring to Fig. 10A, an example is shown in the accompanying drawings in which the method described in FIG. 9 are performed by the base station controller 600. In the base station controller 600, the controller processing unit 660 and the storage subsystem 650 are located. The method operations may be stored in the software 680 in the memory 685 in the storage subsystem 650 or in the software 680 in the memory 685 located in the controller processing unit 660 or in the software 680 in the memory 685 in the base station controller 600, or in any other digital signal processing device (DSP) or in hardware of a different type. As shown in Fig. 10A, the base station controller 600 is connected to a mobile switching center (MSC) 610,

In the storage subsystem 650, portions of the three data tables 651, 652, 653 are shown. In each data table, parameter values ​​are stored for a set of remote stations 123, 124 indicated by a column labeled MS. In table 651, the values ​​of the code of the training sequence are stored. In table 652, the timeslot number (TS) values ​​are stored. In table 653, channel frequency values ​​(CHF) are stored. It can be understood that, alternatively, the data tables can be arranged in one multidimensional table or several tables of different sizes than those shown in FIG. 10A.

The controller processing unit 660 communicates with the storage subsystem 650 via a data bus 670 for transmitting and receiving parameter values ​​to the storage / subsystem 650 of the storage device. The controller processing device 660 includes functions that include an access grant command function 661, an access grant command transmission function 662 to the base station 620, 630, 640, a traffic distribution message generation function 663, and a distribution message distribution function the traffic flow to the base station 620, 630, or 640. These functions can be performed using the software 680 stored in the memory 685.

In the controller processing device 660 or at another location in the base station controller 600, there can also be a power control function 665 for controlling the signal power level transmitted by the base station 620, 630, or 640.

It can be understood that the functions shown as being in the base station controller 600, namely in the storage subsystem 650 and in the controller processing device 660, can also be located in the mobile switching center (MSC) 610. Equally, some or all of the functions described as being part of the base station controller 600 may equally well be in one or more base stations 620, 630, or 640.

Referring to Fig. 10B is a flow chart depicting operations performed by the base station controller 600. When assigning a channel for a remote station 123, 124 (for example, for a remote station MS 123), for example, when the remote station 123 issues a service request, the base station 620, 630, 640 desiring to service the remote station 123, 124 sends a request message to provide a channel to the base station controller 600. The controller processing unit 660, upon receiving, in the request message operation 602 via the data bus 670, determines whether a new connection is required. If the answer is "NO", the method returns to the "start" block 601 and repeats the above operations. When the answer is "YES", then initiate the establishment of a new connection. Then, in block 603, a decision is made as to whether there is an unused channel (i.e., an unused time slot for any channel frequency). If there is an unused time slot on the used or unused channel frequency, block 604 is provided with a new time slot. The method then returns to the "start" block 601, and the operations described above are repeated.

On the other hand, if the controller processing unit 660 determines that there is no unused time slot at any channel frequency, then it selects the time slot used. See operation 605 of FIG. 10B. The selection can be made based on access to the storage subsystem 650 or to another storage device 685 to obtain information regarding criteria such as, for example, the use of time slots at the current time, and whether both remote stations 123, 124 or only one of them the DARP function involved. The controller processing unit 660 selects a used time slot and selects a tuning sequence code for a time slot. See operation 606 of FIG. 10B. Since the time slot is already in use,

In order to apply the criteria for selecting a time slot, the controller processing unit 660 accesses the memory 650 through the data bus 670, or accesses another storage device 685 to obtain information such as information on providing time slots at a given time or tuning sequences or both of these parameters and whether the remote stations 123, 124 are capable of supporting the DARP function. Then, the controller processing unit 660 generates a command (661 or 663) and sends a command (662 or 664) to the base station 620 to provide the remote station 123 with the channel frequency, time slot and training sequence. Then, the method returns to the "start" block 601, and the operations described above are repeated.

Referring to Fig. 11 of the accompanying drawings shows the signal flow at the base station 620, 920. The base station controller interface 921 communicates via the communication link 950 to the base station controller 600. The communication link 950 can be, for example, a data cable or a radio link. The controller processing unit 960 communicates via the data bus 970 to the receiver components 922, 923 and 924 and to the transmitter components 927, 928 and 929 and controls them. The controller processing unit 960 communicates via the data bus 980 to the BSC interface 921. The data bus 970 may comprise only one bus or several buses and may be partially or completely bidirectional. The data bus 970 and 980 can be the same bus.

In one example, the channel grant request message is received from the remote station 123, 124 in the encoded, modulated, radiated signal in the base station antenna 925 and fed to the input of the antenna switch 926. The signal passes from the receive input of the duplexer 926 to the receiver input stage 924 , which performs signal generation (eg, by down-conversion, filtering, and amplification). The receiver demodulator 923 demodulates the generated signal and outputs the demodulated signal to a channel decoder and a deinterleaver 922 that performs decoding and interleaving of the demodulated signal and outputs the resulting data to the controller processing unit 960. The controller processing unit 960 obtains a message from the resultant data requesting a channel assignment. The controller processing unit 960 sends this message via the base station controller interface 921 to the base station controller 600. Then, the base station controller 600 operates in such a manner that it provides or does not provide a channel of the remote station 23, 24 either autonomously or in association with the mobile switching center 610.

The base station controller 600 generates and sends access grant commands and other digital communication signals or a traffic stream to remote stations 123, 124, for example, channel grant messages, to the BSC interface 921 over a communication link 950. The signals are then transmitted via the data bus 980 to the controller processing unit 960. The controller processing unit 960 outputs signals to the remote stations 123, 124 to the encoder and interleaver 929, and then the encoded and interleaved signals are transmitted to the transmitter modulator 928. From the FIG. 11, it can be seen that there are several signals supplied to the input of the transmitter modulator 928, each signal being destined for the remote station 123, 124. These multiple signals can be combined in a transmitter modulator 928 to create a combined modulated signal, having components I and Q, as shown in Fig. 4 11. However, in an alternative embodiment, the combination of these several signals can be performed after modulation in the transmitter input stage module 927 and / or in other stages in the transmission chain. The modulated combined signal is output from the transmitter input stage 927 and input to the transmitting input of the antenna switch 926. The signal is then output through the common or antenna output of the duplexer 926 to the transmit antenna 925.

In another example, a second message is received from the second remote station 123, 124 issuing the channel grant request in the second received signal at the base station antenna 925. The second received signal is processed in the manner described above and a channel grant request is received in the processed second received signal in base station controller 600.

As described above, the base station controller 600 generates and sends to the base station 620, 920 a second access grant message and, as described above, the base station 620, 920 transmits a signal comprising a second access grant message to the remote station 123 124.

<u>Phase Shift</u>

The absolute phase of modulation for the two signals transmitted by the base station 110, 111, 114 may not be identical. In order to serve additional users using the same channel (co-TCH), in addition to providing more than one TSC, the network can phase-shift the RF signal symbols of the remote station 123-127 in a new co-channel (co-TCH), relative to the symbols RF signal of the remote station (remote stations) 123-127 in the existing co-channel (co-TCH). If possible, the network can control them with a uniformly distributed spaced phase shift, thereby improving the operation of the receiver. For example, a phase shift of the carrier frequency (having a specific ARFCN) for two users would be 90 degrees apart, for three users it would be 60 degrees apart. The carrier phase shift (ARFCN) for four users would be 45 degrees apart. As stated above, users will use different TSCs. To each additional mobile station (MS) 123-127, a different TSC is assigned from the method and from the device according to the present invention, and it uses its own TSC and the DARP function to obtain its own traffic data.

Thus, for improved performance of the DARP function, two signals destined for two different mobile stations (remote stations) 123, 124 can ideally be phase-shifted by π / 2 for the impulse response of their channel, but a smaller phase shift also provides proper functioning.

When the same channel (i.e., the same time slot on the same channel frequency) is provided to the first and second remote stations 123, 124, the signals can preferably be transmitted to these two remote stations 123, 124 (s using different tuning sequences as described above) in such a manner that the modulator 928 modulates these two signals with a phase shift of 90 degrees relative to each other, thereby providing additional interference reduction between the signals due to phase diversity. Thus, for example, each of the samples I and Q emanating from modulator 928 can be one of two signals, signals spaced in phase by 90 degrees. Thus, the modulator 928 introduces a phase difference between the signals for the two remote stations 123, 124.

In the case where several remote stations 123, 124 share the same channel, multiple sets of I and Q samples with different shifts can be generated. For example, if there is a third signal for the third remote station 123, 124 in the same channel, the modulator 928 introduces phase shifts, preferably 60 degrees and 120 degrees for the second and third signals relative to the phase of the first signal, and the resulting samples I and Q all three signals are displayed. For example, samples I and Q can display the vector sum of three signals.

Thus, the transmitter modulator 928 provides at the base station 620, 920 a means for introducing a phase difference between simultaneous signals using the same time slot at the same frequency and destined for different remote stations 123, 124. Such a means can be provided and in other ways. For example, separate signals can be generated in modulator 928, and the resulting analog signals can be combined in the transmitter input stage 927 by passing one of them through the phase-shifting element and then simply by summing the signals with phase shift and without phase shift.

<u>Aspects of power management</u>

Table 2 below shows examples of the channel frequency, time interval, training sequence, and power level of the received signal for the signals transmitted by the two base stations 110 and 114 shown in FIG. 5 and received by remote stations 123-127.

<img file="00000005.tif" he="34" wi="163" img-format="tif" img-content="undefined" />

Lines 3 and 4 of Table 2, indicated by a bold rectangle, indicate that both remote stations: remote station 123 and remote station 124 use a channel frequency having index 32 and use time slot 3 to receive a signal from base station 114, but that they various training sequences are provided, respectively TSC2 and TSC3. Likewise, lines 9 and 10 also show that for two remote stations 125, 127, the same channel frequency and the same time slot are used to receive signals from the same base station 110. It can be seen that in each case, the power levels of the desired signals received by the remote station 125, 127 are substantially different for the two remote stations 125, 127. The allocated rows 3 and 4 of Table 2 show that, the base station 114 transmits the signal to the remote station 123 and also transmits the signal to the remote station 124. The received signal strength at the remote station 123 is -67 dBm (dB in relation to 1 milliwatt), whereas the received signal strength at the remote station 124 is -102 dBm. Lines 9 and 10 of Table 2 indicate that the base station 110 transmits a signal to the remote station 125 and also transmits the signal to the remote station 127. The signal strength level received at the remote station 125 is -101 dBm, while the power level of the signal received in remote station 127 is -57 dBm. Large differences in power level in each case can result from different distances of remote stations 125, 127 from base station 110.

Although this difference in the received signal strength level for one remote station compared to another remote station is unintentional and non-ideal for partitioning the territory into cells, this does not jeopardize the operation of the method and apparatus of the present invention.

A remote station 123-127 capable of supporting the DARP function can successfully demodulate any one of the two signals simultaneously received on the co-channel, provided that the amplitudes or power levels of the two signals in the antenna of the remote station 123-127 are similar. This is achievable if both signals are transmitted by the same base station 110, 111, 114, and (in the presence of more than one antenna, for example, one antenna per signal), the power levels of the two transmitted signals are, since in this case each remote station 123-127 receives these two signals at substantially the same power level (for example, within 6 dB relative to each other). The transmission power values ​​are similar if the base station 110, 111, 114 is adapted to transmit these two signals with similar power levels or if the base station 110, 111, 114 transmits both signals at a constant power level. This situation can be illustrated by a further reference to Table 2 and by reference to Table 3.

Although the remote stations 123, 124 receiving signals from the base station 114 having substantially different power levels are shown in Table 2, in more detail, the following can be noted: as shown in lines 3 and 5 of Table 2, the remote station 123 receives two signals from the base station 114 with the same power level (-67 dBm), one signal being a useful signal destined for the remote station 123 and the other signal being an extraneous signal that is destined for the remote station 124. Such an image In this example it shows that met the criteria for receiving remote station 123-127 signals having similar power levels. If the mobile station 123 has a receiver supporting the DARP function,

Similarly, when examining rows 4 and 6 of Table 2 (which is shown above), it can be seen that remote station 124 receives two signals sharing the same channel and having the same power level (-102 dBm). Both signals originate from base station 114. One of these two signals is a useful signal destined for remote station 124 and the other signal is an extraneous signal that is intended for use by remote station 123.

To further illustrate the above concepts, Table 3 is presented, which is a modified version of Table 2, in which the rows of Table 2 are simply reordered. It can be seen that each of the remote stations 123 and 124 receives two signals from one base station 114: a useful signal and an extraneous signal having the same channel and similar power levels. Remote station 125 also receives two signals from two different base stations 110, 114: a useful signal and an extraneous signal having the same channel and similar power levels.

<img file="00000006.tif" he="39" wi="163" img-format="tif" img-content="undefined" />

The modeling of the device and method described above was performed and it was found that the method works well in a GSM system. The device described above and shown in the drawings of FIG. 8A, FIG. 8B, Fig. 10A, FIG. 11 and Fig. 12 may be, for example, part of a GSM base station 110, 111, 114.

According to another aspect of the method and apparatus of the present invention, the base station 110, 111, 114 can support a telephone connection with two remote stations 123-127 using the same channel, the first remote station 123-127 having a receiver with the DARP function enabled, and the second remote station 123-127 has a receiver without a DARP function. The amplitudes of the signals received by these two remote stations 124-127 are set in such a way that they differ by an amount within a certain range of values, which in one example may be an interval between 8 dB and 10 dB, and also set such that the amplitude of the signal , intended for a remote station with the DARP function involved, is lower than the amplitude of the signal,

A mobile station that supports MUROS technology or does not support MUROS technology can consider a signal that is alien to it, as a hindrance. However, for MUROS technology, both signals can be considered as useful signals in a cell. The advantage of networks supporting MUROS technology (networks including, for example, BS 110, 111, 114 and BSC 141, 144) is that BS 110, 111, 114 can use two or more tuning sequences in each temporary interval instead of using only one tuning sequence, whereby both signals can be considered as useful signals in the same cell. BS 110, 111, 114 transmits signals with the proper amplitudes, it is preferable that each remote station 123-127 from the method and from the device according to the present invention receive its own signal with a sufficiently high amplitude and for these two signals maintain such an amplitude ratio so that it is possible to detect two signals corresponding to the two tuning sequences. This function can be implemented using software stored in a memory device in the BS 110, 111, 114 or in the BSC 600. For example, the mobile stations (MSs) 123-127 for pairing are selected based on their losses in the transmission path and based on Availability of an existing information exchange channel. However, MUROS technology can still work if the losses in the transmission path for one remote station 123-127 are very different from the losses in the transmission path for another remote station 123-127.

With regard to power control, there are various possible combinations of pairs. Both remote stations 123-127 may be capable of supporting the DARP function, or alternatively only one of them may be capable of supporting the DARP function. In both cases, the amplitudes or power levels of the signals received at the mobile stations 123-127 can be within 10 dB of each other. However, if only one remote station 123-127 is capable of supporting the DARP function, there is an additional restriction that the mobile station 123-127 not supporting the DARP function receives its first useful (or desired) signal at a higher level than the level of the received second signal (in one example, at least 8 dB higher than the level of the second signal). The remote station 123-127, capable of supporting the DARP function, receives its second signal with a signal level that is lower than the level of the first signal by a value less than a threshold value (in one example, the level of the second signal is not lower than 10 dB below the level of the first signal). Therefore, in one example, the amplitude ratio can range from 0 dB to ± 10 dB for two remote stations 123-127 capable of supporting the DARP function, or, in the case of pairing from remote stations 123-127, one of which does not support the function DARP and the other supports the DARP function, the signal for remote station 123-127 that does not support the DARP function is received with a higher level of 8 dB to 10 dB than the signal for remote station 123-127 supporting the DARP function. In addition, preferably, the BS 110, 111, 114 transmits two signals so that each remote station 123-127 receives its useful signal with a level above its sensitivity limit. (In one example, this level is at least 6 dB higher than its sensitivity limit). So, if one remote station 123-127 has higher losses in the transmission path, then the BS 110, 111, 114 transmits to this remote station 123-127 a signal with an amplitude high enough to guarantee reception of the transmitted signal by the remote station 123- 127 with a level above the sensitivity limit. This specifies the absolute transmission amplitude for this signal. In this case, the necessary difference in signal level between this signal and another signal determines the absolute amplitude of the other signal. so that each remote station 123-127 receives its useful signal with a level above its sensitivity limit. (In one example, this level is at least 6 dB higher than its sensitivity limit). So, if one remote station 123-127 has higher losses in the transmission path, then the BS 110, 111, 114 transmits to this remote station 123-127 a signal with an amplitude high enough to guarantee reception of the transmitted signal by the remote station 123- 127 with a level above the sensitivity limit. This specifies the absolute transmission amplitude for this signal. In this case, the necessary difference in signal level between this signal and another signal determines the absolute amplitude of the other signal. so that each remote station 123-127 receives its useful signal with a level above its sensitivity limit. (In one example, this level is at least 6 dB higher than its sensitivity limit). So, if one remote station 123-127 has higher losses in the transmission path, then the BS 110, 111, 114 transmits to this remote station 123-127 a signal with an amplitude high enough to guarantee reception of the transmitted signal by the remote station 123- 127 with a level above the sensitivity limit. This specifies the absolute transmission amplitude for this signal. In this case, the necessary difference in signal level between this signal and another signal determines the absolute amplitude of the other signal. at 6 dB exceeds its sensitivity limit). So, if one remote station 123-127 has higher losses in the transmission path, then the BS 110, 111, 114 transmits to this remote station 123-127 a signal with an amplitude high enough to guarantee reception of the transmitted signal by the remote station 123- 127 with a level above the sensitivity limit. This specifies the absolute transmission amplitude for this signal. In this case, the necessary difference in signal level between this signal and another signal determines the absolute amplitude of the other signal. at 6 dB exceeds its sensitivity limit). So, if one remote station 123-127 has higher losses in the transmission path, then the BS 110, 111, 114 transmits to this remote station 123-127 a signal with an amplitude high enough to guarantee reception of the transmitted signal by the remote station 123- 127 with a level above the sensitivity limit. This specifies the absolute transmission amplitude for this signal. In this case, the necessary difference in signal level between this signal and another signal determines the absolute amplitude of the other signal. to ensure reception of the transmitted signal by the remote station 123-127 with a level above the sensitivity limit. This specifies the absolute transmission amplitude for this signal. In this case, the necessary difference in signal level between this signal and another signal determines the absolute amplitude of the other signal. to ensure reception of the transmitted signal by the remote station 123-127 with a level above the sensitivity limit. This specifies the absolute transmission amplitude for this signal. In this case, the necessary difference in signal level between this signal and another signal determines the absolute amplitude of the other signal.

Referring to Fig. 12 of the accompanying drawings, exemplary layouts are shown for a data storage device in a storage subsystem 650 that may reside in the base station controller (BSC) 600 of the cellular communication system 100 from the method and from the device of the present invention. In the table 1001 of the drawing of FIG. 12 is a table of channel channel values ​​provided to remote stations 123-127, and remote stations 123-127 are numbered. Table 1002 is a table of time slot values ​​in which the numbers 123-127 of remote stations are shown depending on the number of the time interval. It can be seen that time slot number 3 is provided to remote stations 123, 124 and 229. Similarly,

In the table 1005 of the drawing of FIG. 12, an enlarged data table is shown which is multidimensional, which includes all the parameters shown in the tables 1001, 1002 and 1003 just described. It will be appreciated that the portion of the table 1005 shown in FIG. 12, represents only a small part of the complete table that should be used. In addition, Table 1005 shows the allocation of sets of granted frequencies, each set of granted frequencies corresponds to a set of frequencies used in a specific cell sector or in a particular cell. In table 1005, the frequency f1 from the set of granted frequencies is provided to all remote stations 123-127 shown in table 1005 of FIG. 12. It is clear that the otherparts of table 1005 that are not shown, sets f2, f3, etc. are given. granted frequencies that are provided to other remote stations 123-127. In the fourth row of data, values ​​are not shown, but repeated points indicate that between rows 3 and 5 of the data in table 1001, there are many possible values ​​that are not shown.

Referring to Fig. 13 of the accompanying drawings, an example of a receiver architecture for a remote station having a DARP function is shown from the method and from the apparatus of the present invention. In one example, the receiver is adapted to use either a single-antenna (SAIC) equalizer corrector 1105 or an equalizer 1106 based on the maximum likelihood estimation (MLSE). Other correctors that implement other protocols can also be used. A SAIC-based corrector is preferred for use when two signals having similar amplitudes are received. An MLSE-based tuner is typically used when the amplitudes of the received signals are not similar, for example, when the desired signal has a much larger amplitude than the amplitude of the foreign signal,

Referring to Fig. 14 of the accompanying drawings, a simplified view of a part of a GSM system adapted to provide the same channel to two remote stations 123-127 is shown. The system comprises a base station transceiver subsystem (BTS) or base station 110 and two remote stations or mobile stations 125 and 127. By means of the base station transceiver subsystem 110, the network can provide two remote stations 125 and 127 with the same channel frequency and one and the same time interval. The network provides two remote stations 125 and 127 with different training sequences. Both remote stations 125 and 127 are mobile stations and both of them have a channel frequency with ARFCN equal to 160 and a time slot with a sequence number (TS) of 3. The remote station 125 is provided with a training sequence having a TSC of 5, while remote station 127 is provided with a training sequence having a TSC of 0. Each remote station 125, 127 receives its own signal (denoted by solid lines) together with a signal intended for another remote station 125, 127 (which is indicated in the figure by dashed lines). Each remote station 125, 127 is capable of demodulating its own signal, discarding an extraneous signal. intended for another remote station 125, 127 (which is indicated in the figure by dashed lines). Each remote station 125, 127 is capable of demodulating its own signal, discarding an extraneous signal. intended for another remote station 125, 127 (which is indicated in the figure by dashed lines). Each remote station 125, 127 is capable of demodulating its own signal, discarding an extraneous signal.

As described above, according to the method and apparatus of the present invention, one base station 110, 111, 114 can transmit the first and second signals, these signals are respectively assigned to the first and second remote stations 123-127, and each signal is transmitted one and the same The same channel, and each signal has a different training sequence. The first remote station 123-127 capable of supporting the DARP function is able to use training sequences to distinguish the first signal from the second signal and to demodulate and use the first signal when the amplitudes of the first and second signals differ from one another in substantially no more than , than, for example, by 10 dB.

Thus, in Fig. 14 shows that the network provides two mobile stations 125, 127 with the same physical resources, but provides them with different training sequences. Each MS receives its own signal (shown in Fig. 14 as a solid line) and a signal for the MS of another user using the same channel (co-TCH) (shown in Fig. 14 as a dashed line). In the downlink, each mobile station considers the signal intended for another mobile station as a CCI, and discards the interference. Thus, two different tuning sequences can be used, which allows to suppress interference from a signal intended for another user using MUROS technology.

<u>Joint detection in the uplink</u>

In the method and apparatus of the present invention, the handset's ability to support GMSK and DARP is used to avoid the need for the network to support a new modulation method. The network can use existing methods in the uplink to separate each user's signals, for example, joint detection. It uses the provision of combined channels where two different remote stations 123-127 are provided with the same physical resources, but each mobile station is provided with a different training sequence. In the uplink, each remote station 123-127 from the method and from the device according to the present invention can use a different training sequence.

<u>Codec for voice signals and distance to a new user</u>

In order to reduce interference for other cells, the BS 110, 111, 114 controls its transmit power on the downlink relative to the distance of the remote or mobile station from it. When the MS 123-127 is close to the BS 110, 111, 114, the power level of the RF signal transmitted by the BS 110, 111, 114 to the remote station 123-127 on the downlink may be lower than the power level of the RF signal transmitted to those remote stations 123-127 that are further away from the BSs 110, 111, 114. The power levels for users using the same channel are large enough for the calling user who is further away when they share one and the same ARFCN and time interval. Both of them can have the same power level, but this can be improved, if the network takes into account the distance from the base station 110, 111, 114 to users using the same channel. In one example, power control can be performed by determining the distance and estimating the transmit power in the downlink required for the new user 123-127. This can be done by time-lag information (TA) for each user 123-127. The random access channel (RACH) of each user 123-127 provides this information to the BSs 110, 111, 114. This can be done by time-lag information (TA) for each user 123-127. The random access channel (RACH) of each user 123-127 provides this information to the BSs 110, 111, 114. This can be done by time-lag information (TA) for each user 123-127. The random access channel (RACH) of each user 123-127 provides this information to the BSs 110, 111, 114.

<u>Similar distances for users</u>

Another element of novelty is the choice of a new user at a similar distance, as the current / existing user. The network can identify the traffic channel (TCH = ARFCN and TS) of an existing user that is in the same cell and at a similar distance and needs roughly the same power level as defined above. Also another novelty element is that the network can then assign this TCH to a new user with a different TSC than the existing user's TCH.

<u>Selecting a codec for voice signals</u>

Another consideration is that the CCI suppression of the mobile station capable of supporting the DARP function is different depending on the codec used for the speech signals. Thus, the network (NW) can use these criteria and assign different transmission power levels on the downlink according to the distance to the remote station 123-127 and the codecs used. Thus, it may be better if the network detects users using the same channel that are at a similar distance to BS 110, 111, 114. This is due to the executive limitation of the CCI deviation. If one signal is too strong compared to another, then a weaker signal can not be detected due to interference. Therefore, the network can take into account the distance from BSs 110, 111, 114 to new users when providing combined channels and combined time intervals. The following are procedures that the network can perform to minimize interference to other cells:

<u>Frequency hopping to ensure distinction between users and to take full advantage of discontinuous transmission (DTx)</u>

Calls can be transferred in voice mode in DTx (intermittent transmission) mode. In this mode, the packet in the provided TCH can be "quiet" for the duration of the absence period of the speech signal (while each "listens"). The benefit of this, when DTX mode is used in each cell in the cell, is to reduce the overall transmit power level of the serving cell on both the uplink (DL) and UL communication links, hence interference to other cells can be reduced. This has a significant effect, because usually people listen for 40% of the time. The DTx function can also be used in MUROS mode to achieve the above-mentioned known benefits.

There is an additional benefit for MUROS achieved by using frequency hopping to establish diversity between users. When a pair is formed between two users using MUROS technology, there may be a certain amount of time during which both users of the MUROS technology from which the pair is formed are in DTx mode. In spite of the fact that, as described above, this is beneficial for other cells, none of the users using MUROS technology, from which the pair is formed, does not benefit from the other. Therefore, when both users are in DTx mode, the resources provided are expended unproductively. In order to make good use of this potentially useful DTx period, frequency hopping can be allowed to, so that a group of users dynamically form pairs with each other in each frame. This method introduces the diversity between users in the MUROS operation and reduces the likelihood that both pairs of users using the MUROS technology are in DTx mode. This also increases the probability of having one GMSK modulation in the TCH. Benefits include improving performance for voice calls and maximizing overall network throughput (NW).

An example of such a case can be illustrated as follows: suppose that the network (NW) identifies 8 calling users A, B, C, D, T, U, V, W using MUROS technology that use codecs for speech signals with a full rate of transmission and which use a similar radio signal power. Calling users A, B, C, D may not use frequency hopping. In addition, calling users A, B, C, D are in the same time interval, for example in TS3, but use four different frequencies, ARFCN f1, f2, f3 and f4. Calling users T, U, V, W, use frequency hopping. In addition, calling users T, U, V, W are in the same time slot TS3 and use frequencies f1, f2, f3 and f4 (the list of frequency allocations for mobile communication (MA)). Suppose that they are assigned the sequence number of the frequency hopping (HSN) = 0, and the shift of the frequency distribution index for the mobile communication (MAIO), respectively, is 0, 1, 2 and 3. This allows A, B, C, D to form pairs with T, U, V, W cyclically, as shown in the table below.

<tables num="2"><table frame="none"><tgroup cols="13" rowsep="0" colsep="0"><colspec colname="c0" colwidth="29mm" /><colspec colname="c1" colwidth="12mm" /><colspec colname="c2" colwidth="12mm" /><colspec colname="c3" colwidth="12mm" /><colspec colname="c4" colwidth="12mm" /><colspec colname="c5" colwidth="12mm" /><colspec colname="c6" colwidth="12mm" /><colspec colname="c7" colwidth="12mm" /><colspec colname="c8" colwidth="12mm" /><colspec colname="c9" colwidth="12mm" /><colspec colname="c10" colwidth="12mm" /><colspec colname="c11" colwidth="12mm" /><colspec colname="c12" colwidth="12mm" /><tbody><row><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">Block number</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">0</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">1</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">2</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">3</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">4</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">5</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">6th</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">7th</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">8</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">9</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">10</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">eleven</entry></row><row><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">f1</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">A / T</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">A / W</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">A / V</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">A / U</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">A / T</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">A / W</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">A / V</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">A / U</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">A / T</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">A / W</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">A / V</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">A / U</entry></row><row><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">f2</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">B / U</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">B / T</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">B / W</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">B / V</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">B / U</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">B / T</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">B / W</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">B / V</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">B / U</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">B / T</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">B / W</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">B / V</entry></row><row><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">F3</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">C / V</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">C / U</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">C / T</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">C / W</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">C / V</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">C / U</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">C / T</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">C / W</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">C / V</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">C / U</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">C / T</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">C / W</entry></row><row><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">f4</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">D / W</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">D / V</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">D / U</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">D / T</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">D / W</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">D / V</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">D / U</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">D / T</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">D / W</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">D / V</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">D / U</entry><entry align="center" rowsep="0" colsep="0">D / T</entry></row></tbody></tgroup></table></tables>

The above is just one example. This view is chosen to show how it works. However, it should not be limited to this particular layout. It works even better if a higher chance of pairing is introduced. This can be achieved by switching all 8 users to the frequency hopping mode according to the list of four MAs and by assigning them different HSN (in the above example from 0 to 3) and MAIO, provided that each of the two users has an ARFCN.

<u>Data transfer</u>

The first method pairs the used traffic channel (TCH). In one example, this function is implemented on the network side with minor changes or without any changes on the side of the remote station 123-127. The network provides the second remote station 123-127 with the TCH, which is already used by the first remote station 123-127 with a different TSC. For example, when all TCHs have already been used, any necessary additional services (any necessary additional services) will be paired (paired) with the existing TCH (TCH) channel in which (in which) the same power is used. For example, if the additional service is a data call, which requires 4 downstream channels and 1 uplink (4D1U), then the network detects four existing users, which make a call in the voice communication mode, which use four consecutive time intervals with energy needs similar to those of an additional new remote station 123-127. If this is not the case, the network can reconfigure the time slot and ARFCN to ensure compliance. The network then assigns these four time slots to the new call in the data mode, which requires 4 downlink traffic channels (4D TCH). For a new data call, another TSC is also used. In addition, the uplink transmission power for the additional call can be made close to or equal to the uplink transmission power of that remote station 123-127, which already uses this time slot. which use four consecutive time intervals with energy needs similar to those of an additional new remote station 123-127. If this is not the case, the network can reconfigure the time slot and ARFCN to ensure compliance. The network then assigns these four time slots to the new call in the data mode, which requires 4 downlink traffic channels (4D TCH). For a new data call, another TSC is also used. In addition, the uplink transmission power for the additional call can be made close to or equal to the uplink transmission power of that remote station 123-127, which already uses this time slot. which use four consecutive time intervals with energy needs similar to those of an additional new remote station 123-127. If this is not the case, the network can reconfigure the time slot and ARFCN to ensure compliance. The network then assigns these four time slots to the new call in the data mode, which requires 4 downlink traffic channels (4D TCH). For a new data call, another TSC is also used. In addition, the uplink transmission power for the additional call can be made close to or equal to the uplink transmission power of that remote station 123-127, which already uses this time slot. similar to the needs of an additional new remote station 123-127. If this is not the case, the network can reconfigure the time slot and ARFCN to ensure compliance. The network then assigns these four time slots to the new call in the data mode, which requires 4 downlink traffic channels (4D TCH). For a new data call, another TSC is also used. In addition, the uplink transmission power for the additional call can be made close to or equal to the uplink transmission power of that remote station 123-127, which already uses this time slot. similar to the needs of an additional new remote station 123-127. If this is not the case, the network can reconfigure the time slot and ARFCN to ensure compliance. The network then assigns these four time slots to the new call in the data mode, which requires 4 downlink traffic channels (4D TCH). For a new data call, another TSC is also used. In addition, the uplink transmission power for the additional call can be made close to or equal to the uplink transmission power of that remote station 123-127, which already uses this time slot. the network can reconfigure the time slot and ARFCN to ensure compliance. The network then assigns these four time slots to the new call in the data mode, which requires 4 downlink traffic channels (4D TCH). For a new data call, another TSC is also used. In addition, the uplink transmission power for the additional call can be made close to or equal to the uplink transmission power of that remote station 123-127, which already uses this time slot. the network can reconfigure the time slot and ARFCN to ensure compliance. The network then assigns these four time slots to the new call in the data mode, which requires 4 downlink traffic channels (4D TCH). For a new data call, another TSC is also used. In addition, the uplink transmission power for the additional call can be made close to or equal to the uplink transmission power of that remote station 123-127, which already uses this time slot.

<u>Providing remote station 123-127 with more than one TSC</u>

If we consider data services for which more than one time interval is used, all time slots (when the time interval is even) or all time slots except one (when the time interval is odd) can be paired. In this way, increased throughput can be achieved by providing more than one TSC to the remote station 123-127. When using a plurality of TSCs, the remote station 123-127 can, in one example, combine their paired slots in one time slot so that the actual RF resources provided can be halved. Suppose, for example, that for the transmission of data on 4 downlink channels (4DL) for remote station 123-127 at the current time, there are packets B1, B2, B3 and B4 in TS1, TS2, TS3 and TS4 in each frame. Using this method, one TSC is provided for B1 and B2, for example TSC0, whereas B3 and B4 have a different TSC, for example TSC1. B1 and B2 can be transmitted to TS1, and B3 and B4 can be transmitted to TS2 in the same frame. Thus, with the previous provision of 4 downlink channels (4DL), only two time slots are used to transmit four packets over the radio link. A receiver with a SAIC function can decode B1 and B2 with TSCO and B3 and B4 with TSC1. Pipeline processing when decoding these four packets can ensure the operation of this function without any problems using conventional approaches. with the previous provision of 4 downlink channels (4DL), only two time slots are used to transmit four packets over the radio link. A receiver with a SAIC function can decode B1 and B2 with TSCO and B3 and B4 with TSC1. Pipeline processing when decoding these four packets can ensure the operation of this function without any problems using conventional approaches. with the previous provision of 4 downlink channels (4DL), only two time slots are used to transmit four packets over the radio link. A receiver with a SAIC function can decode B1 and B2 with TSCO and B3 and B4 with TSC1. Pipeline processing when decoding these four packets can ensure the operation of this function without any problems using conventional approaches.

<u>Combining time slots</u>

Combining an even number of time slots for one user can halve the amount of provided radio resources (OTA), saving battery power. This also frees up additional time for scanning and / or monitoring neighboring cells and for updating system information for both the serving cell and neighboring cells. There are some additional signs on the side of the network. The network may further provide a combined channel, a combined time interval (co-TS) based on the distance to new users. First, the network can use the TCH channel, whose users are at a similar distance. This can be accomplished through advance timing information (TA) for each user.

<u>Changes in the distribution of network traffic</u>

The foregoing also means that if two users sharing the same channel and the same time interval (co-TS) move in different directions, one of which moves toward the BS 110, 111, 114 and the other moves away from the BS 110, 111, 114, then there is a point at which one of them will switch to another TCH having a better power level match. This should not be a problem, as the network can continuously redistribute users over different ARFCN and TS. Some additional optimization may be useful, for example optimizing the selection of a new TSC to be used, since it is related to the frequency reuse template in a limited area. One advantage of this feature is that it is mainly used, program changes on the network side, for example, in BS 110, 111, 114 and BSC 141-144. Changes in the distribution of network traffic channels can increase the bandwidth.

<u>The operation of the combined channel for both modes: the voice communication mode and the data transfer mode</u>

Additional improvements can be made. First, the combined traffic channel (co-TCH) (the combined channel and the combined time slot) can be used for calls in voice mode, as well as for data calls over the same TCH, to increase the data rate-throughput. This feature can be applied to data services with GMSK modulation, such as, for example, a set of possible from the first (1) to the fourth (4) (CS1-4) and the modulation and coding schemes from the first (1) to the fourth (4 ) (MCS1-4). 8PSK.

<u>Less number of time slots used</u>

This feature can be applied to the reuse of the co-channel (co-TCH) in data-mode calls to achieve enhanced capability. Two time slots for data transmission can be paired and transmitted using a single time slot with two tuning sequences used in each of the respective packets. They are assigned to the destination receiver. This means that a downlink with four (4) time slots can be reduced to a downlink with two (2) time slots, which saves power and time for the receiver. A change from four (4) time slots to two (2) time slots gives the remote station more time to perform other tasks, such as, for example, the current monitoring of neighboring cells (NCs),

Restrictions on resource allocation regarding the configuration requirements for a class of multiple time slots can be relaxed, such as, for example, Tra, Trb, Tta, Ttb - dynamic and advanced dynamic mode rules for the medium access control (MAC) layer. This means that there are more options for serving the network needs, coming from different calling users in the cell. This reduces or minimizes the number of denied service requests. This increases the performance and bandwidth in terms of network. Each user can use fewer resources without degrading the quality of service (QoS). More users can be served. In one example, this can be implemented as a software change on the network side, and the remote station 123-127 is capable of receiving additional TSCs beyond its ability to support the DARP function. Changes in the distribution of network traffic channels can increase performance - throughput. The use of network resources of the uplink can be saved, even when the network is busy. Electricity can be saved at remote station 123-127. Better handoff function can be achieved, and less restrictions can be achieved on the network that distributes data calls and improved performance. The use of network resources of the uplink can be saved, even when the network is busy. Electricity can be saved at remote station 123-127. Better handoff function can be achieved, and less restrictions can be achieved on the network that distributes data calls and improved performance. The use of network resources of the uplink can be saved, even when the network is busy. Electricity can be saved at remote station 123-127. Better handoff function can be achieved, and less restrictions can be achieved on the network that distributes data calls and improved performance.

<u>Dual Carrier</u>

In addition, the method and apparatus of the present invention can be used with a dual carrier to improve performance. To improve the data transfer rate, there is a 3GPP specification that provides dual carriers, from which the MS (or UE or remote station 123-127) can simultaneously receive two ARFCNs to increase the data rate. Thus, the remote station 123-127 uses radio resources to obtain additional data channel capacity, which enhances what is described above.

<u>Linear GMSK in the main frequency band</u>

One of the goals of voice communication services in the GSM system is to achieve the best bandwidth in such a way that all users use sufficient, but not more, power level to maintain an acceptable error rate so that the user's signal can be detected. Any greater power would add unnecessary interference observed by other users. The signal quality is affected by i) the distance between the base station 110, 111, 114 and the remote station 123-127, and ii) external radio conditions. Therefore, different power levels can be assigned to different users 123-127 according to the distance to them and the external radio conditions. In a system based on the GSM system,

One of the advantages of using network power control with the "multiple users in one time interval" technology (MUROS) technology involved is that different users of 123-127 can be sent signals with different power levels to meet their individual needs. A second advantage is that the remote station 123-127, which does not have the DARP function involved, can be paired with the remote station 123-127 with the DARP function enabled from the method and from the device according to the present invention. In this case, a signal with a power level several dB higher than a remote station 123-127 with the DARP function enabled can be fed to the remote station 123-127, which is not capable of supporting the DARP function. The third advantage is that,

<u>Transmission of signals with the same power level</u>

In a preferred embodiment, the mobile stations 123-127 with the enabled DARP function can receive signals with the same amplitude regardless of whether one mobile station is close and the other is far away. For example, for the two signals transmitted by one base station 110, 111, 114 to one mobile station 123-127, the path loss of these signals from the BS 110, 111, 114 to a particular mobile station, for example to the mobile station 123, may be the same . Likewise, the transmission path loss for two signals from the BS 110, 111, 114 to the mobile station 124 can be the same as each other. This is because the signals share the same frequency and the same time interval.

<u>Transmission of signals with different power levels </u>

However, in one example, two paired remote stations 123-127 supporting MUROS technology may have different losses in the transmission path. Consequently, the power levels of their signals can be different. Therefore, BS 110, 111, 114 can send MUROS signals with a power imbalance (for example, from +10 dB to -10 dB).

<u>Using hardware with the DARP function enabled and without the DARP function</u>

Another feature of the method and apparatus of the present invention is the use of a MUROS signal by an out-of-date remote station 123-127 that is not capable of supporting the DARP function or the capabilities of the MUROS technology. The method and apparatus of the present invention allows a remote station 123-127 not supporting the DARP function to use one of the two MUROS signals transmitted on the same channel. This is achieved by ensuring that the amplitude of the signal destined for the remote station 123-127 that does not support the DARP function is sufficiently greater than the amplitude of the other MUROS signal. A remote station 123-127 that does not support the DARP function is not required to indicate the ability to support the DARP function as part of its message indicating radio communication capabilities with users, and remote station 123-127 is not required to indicate the MUROS service category code. It is desirable to pair a remote station 123-127 supporting MUROS technology with an out-of-date remote station 123-127 in situations where such imbalance of amplitudes is acceptable, or in those situations where the second remote station 123-127 supporting MUROS technology that is suitable to form a pair with the first remote station 123-127, supporting the technology MUROS, can not be identified.

It follows that one of the reasons for the transmission of two signals with different amplitudes is the need to take into account the situation when one of the two remote stations 123-127 is a remote station without a DARP function and the other is a remote station with the DARP function involved. A signal with a higher power / amplitude can be fed to the remote station 123-127 without the DARP function. (In one example, the power is greater by 3-8 dB, depending on the tuning sequences and the corresponding interference level from another signal (for remote station 123-127 supporting the DARP function) in the mobile station 123-127 that does not support the DARP function.

The range of remote stations 123-127 is the criterion for selecting remote stations 123-127 for the formation of pairs according to MUROS technology. Losses in the transmission path (eg, external radio conditions) are another criterion used to determine the amplitude selected for the signal transmitted to the remote station 123-127 having the worst losses in the transmission path. This also allows pairs to be formed in a wider range (in terms of location) of remote stations 123-127, since one of them located near the BS 110, 111, 114 can be given a higher power than necessary solely to provide an acceptable frequency of occurrence If there are no pairs that are better matched. An ideally selected pair of remote stations 123-127 is a pair,

As described above, it is preferable that BS 110, 111, 114 transmit two signals so that each remote station 123-127 receives its useful signal with a level above its sensitivity limit. (In one example, it exceeds its sensitivity limit by at least 6 dB). If the remote station 123-127 that does not support the DARP function receives the signal close to the sensitivity limit, the corresponding paired remote station 123-127 supporting the DARP function may be selected such that it is located closer to the base station 110, 111, 114, that is, consequently, has less losses in the transmission path, otherwise the remote station 123-127 with the DARP function involved may lose its signal, since its signal is received with a smaller amplitude than the amplitude of the other signal.

TRANSMISSION OF TWO SIGNALS

Two signals can be transmitted by the base station 110, 111, 114 using one of two approaches. (Other approaches are also possible). In two alternative representations or examples, two GMSK-modulated signals can be combined with different amplitudes, A₁ for the first signal and A₂ for the second. The amplitude ratio (or amplitude coefficient) corresponds to the ratio of the amplitudes for the two transmitted (and received) signals. The loss in the transmission path between the BSs 110, 111, 114 and the particular remote station 123-127 is likely to be the same or almost the same for the two signals transmitted by the base station (BS) 110, 111, 114. As described above, BS 110, 111 , 114 transmits signals with proper amplitudes such that each remote station 123-127 from the method and from the device according to the present invention receives its own signal with a sufficiently high amplitude and that the two signals have an amplitude ratio such that two signals can be detected, correspond s two TSC. Both signals can be transmitted by one base station transmitter 110, 111, 114 on the same channel (containing only one time slot and only one frequency), the receiver of the first remote station 123-127 receiving both signals with a certain amplitude ratio, and the receiver of the second remote station 123-127 receives both signals with the same amplitude ratio. The ratio of the amplitudes can be expressed as the result of dividing A₂ on A₁, or as the result of dividing A₁ on A₂. This ratio is expressed in decibels as 20 * log10 (A₂/ A₁) or as 20 * log10 (A₁/ A₂). This ratio can be adjusted and preferably has a value of either substantially equal to 0 dB, or substantially between 8 dB and 10 dB. This ratio can be less than one, or greater than one, and therefore this ratio, expressed in dB, can be, respectively, positive or negative.

In the first approach or example, the operations may be performed in accordance with the flowchart shown in FIG. 21A. The two signals can be tamped with GMSK modulation (operation 2110) and summed (operation 2140), each with an appropriate power level selected so as to compensate for the attenuation due to different distances for the signal and external conditions. That is, each signal is multiplied by its own gain (operation 2130). The gain factors can be chosen so that their ratio is equal to R = A2 / A1, which gives the correct ratio of amplitudes (hence, power) for these two signals. This leads to the fact that the ratio considered above is 8-10 dB. If both remote stations are stations with the DARP function enabled, then in one example it is preferable that the ratio is equal to one (0 dB). In the case where one remote station 123-127 is a station with the DARP function involved and the other remote station 123-127 is a station that does not support the DARP function, in one example, it is preferable that the ratio is 8-10 dB in favor of the remote station 123-127, which does not support the DARP function. This can be referred to as differential power control, and it can be implemented in both the main frequency band and the radio frequency band or both. The additional (common) power control can be applied to both signals equally (taking into account the distance, losses in the transmission path of the remote station 123-127, for which the highest amplitude is required (for example, remote station 123-127 may be further away). This additional power control may be applied partially in the main frequency band and partly in the radio frequency band or only in the radio frequency band. In the base band, the total power control is applied to both signals by equally scaling the gain and gain factors A1 and A2, for example, by multiplying both coefficients by 1.5. The total power control in the radio frequency band is typically performed in a power amplifier 1830 (MU). It can also be partially implemented in the RF modulator 1825. In the base band, the total power control is applied to both signals by equally scaling the gain and gain factors A1 and A2, for example, by multiplying both coefficients by 1.5. The total power control in the radio frequency band is typically performed in a power amplifier 1830 (MU). It can also be partially implemented in the RF modulator 1825. In the base band, the total power control is applied to both signals by equally scaling the gain and gain factors A1 and A2, for example, by multiplying both coefficients by 1.5. The total power control in the radio frequency band is typically performed in a power amplifier 1830 (MU). It can also be partially implemented in the RF modulator 1825.

In addition, one of the signals can be phase-shifted by π / 2 relative to another signal. The phase shift by π / 2 is shown as step 2120 from the FIG. 21A, in the block 1810 of the drawings of FIG. 15, Fig. 16 and Fig. 19, and in blocks 1818 and 1819 from the drawings of FIG. 17 and Fig. 18. Then, the transmission (operation 2150) of the summed signals is carried out. An exemplary device is shown in FIG. 15. In a preferred embodiment, one of the two signals is phase-shifted relative to the other signal prior to transmission and preferably 90 degrees, i.e., π / 2 radians. However, the method and apparatus of the present invention can operate with any phase shift between the signals, including a phase shift of zero. If more than two signals are transmitted, then each signal can be phase-shifted relative to other signals. For example, for three signals, each signal can be phase-shifted relative to other signals by 120 degrees. Referring to Fig. 21A, the phase shift operation and the gain with gain can be performed in any order, as illustrated in FIG. 21B, in which the order of performing operations 2120 and 2130 is reversed compared to the FIG. 21A. Referring to Fig. 15 discloses a device for combining two signals. It comprises two baseband GMSK modulators 1805 having at least one input and at least one output through which signals are modulated. With each GMSK modulator 1805, one amplifier 1815 is connected in series, by means of which two signals are multiplied by the corresponding amplitude, A 21A, the phase shift operation and the gain with gain can be performed in any order, as illustrated in FIG. 21B, in which the order of performing operations 2120 and 2130 is reversed compared to the FIG. 21A. Referring to Fig. 15 discloses a device for combining two signals. It comprises two baseband GMSK modulators 1805 having at least one input and at least one output through which signals are modulated. With each GMSK modulator 1805, one amplifier 1815 is connected in series, by means of which two signals are multiplied by the corresponding amplitude, A 21A, the phase shift operation and the gain with gain can be performed in any order, as illustrated in FIG. 21B, in which the order of performing operations 2120 and 2130 is reversed compared to the FIG. 21A. Referring to Fig. 15 discloses a device for combining two signals. It comprises two baseband GMSK modulators 1805 having at least one input and at least one output through which signals are modulated. With each GMSK modulator 1805, one amplifier 1815 is connected in series, by means of which two signals are multiplied by the corresponding amplitude, A 15 discloses a device for combining two signals. It comprises two baseband GMSK modulators 1805 having at least one input and at least one output through which signals are modulated. With each GMSK modulator 1805, one amplifier 1815 is connected in series, by means of which two signals are multiplied by the corresponding amplitude, A 15 discloses a device for combining two signals. It comprises two baseband GMSK modulators 1805 having at least one input and at least one output through which signals are modulated. With each GMSK modulator 1805, one amplifier 1815 is connected in series, by means of which two signals are multiplied by the corresponding amplitude, A₁ for the first signal and A₂ for the second signal, where A1 is cos α, and A2 is equal to sin α. The output from each amplifier 1815 is combined in a combiner (adder) 1820, and the phase shifter 1810 is preferably operatively connected between one of the serial connections of the baseband modulator 1805 and the amplifier 1815 so that one of these signals is phase-shifted relative to the other signal. The output of combiner 1820 is supplied to an RF modulator / power amplifier module 1823, through which RF modulation and transmission of the combined signals are performed. The term "RF modulation" means that the signals are converted from the frequency band of the original signals to the radio frequency with increasing frequency. It is noted that the phase shifter 1810 can be operatively connected between one amplifier 1815 and a combiner 1820.

Referring to Fig. 16-18, a second, third, and fourth example of a device for combining and transmitting two signals with different amplitudes are disclosed. Referring to Fig. 16, the RF modulator and power amplifier module 1823 is depicted as a series-connected RF modulator 1825 and a power amplifier 1830. In the example shown in FIG. 17 shows the use of GMSK modulators 1805 in the baseband and one RF modulator 1862. Modulation of the first and second baseband data is performed by modulators 1805 in the baseband. Each of the baseband modulators 1805 comprises a differential encoder, an integrator, and a low-pass Gaussian filter 1811. Each of the output signals of the respective modulators 1805 in the baseband has a digital value, which reflects the phase of the GMSK-modulated signal (φ (t) for the first signal and φ '(t) for the second signal). The block 1816 contains a function that creates the cosine of the phase of the first signal and multiplies this cosine by the gain factor A1 to generate the output signal A1cosφ (t) at the output of the block 1816.

Block 1818 contains a function that adds a phase shift of π / 2 radians (by 90 degrees) to the phase of the second signal, creates the cosine of the resulting phase, and multiplies this cosine by the gain factor A2 to produce the output signal A2cos (φ '(t) +90) at the output of block 1818.

Block 1817 contains a function that creates a sine of said phase of the first signal and multiplies this sine by the gain factor A1 to produce an output signal A1sinφ (t) at the output of block 1817.

Block 1819 contains a function that adds a phase shift by π / 2 radians (by 90 degrees) to the phase of the second signal, creates a sine of the resulting phase, and multiplies this sine by the gain factor A2 to produce the output signal A2sin (φ '(t) +90) at the output of block 1819.

The output signals from blocks 1816 and 1818 are summed / combined by combiner 1807 to create a summed I (in-phase) GMSK-modulated baseband signal. The output signals from blocks 1817 and 1819 are summed / combined by a combiner 1827 to create a total Q (quadrature) GMSK-modulated baseband signal.

In the preferred embodiment shown in the figure, all operations and signals in blocks 1816-1819, 1807 and 1827 are digital, and hence the outputs of combiners 1807, 1827 are also digital values. Alternatively, some of the functions may be performed by analog electronic circuits using a digital-to-analog conversion, and the like.

Each of the summed GMSK-modulated digital baseband output signals from combiners 1807, 1827 is input to a digital-to-analog converter (DAC or D / A) 1850, 1852 and subjected to their respective low-pass filtering (filter not shown) to form I and Q which are fed to the input of the RF modulator 1862, which converts the signals of the original frequency band up to the carrier frequency, this carrier frequency being provided by the local oscillator 421 to generate the transmitted signal.

In the example shown in FIG. 18 shows the use of two GMSK modulators 1805 in the baseband and two RF modulators 1862, 1864. The output of each RF modulator 1862, 1864, one RF modulator 1862, 1864, respectively, for each of the first and second data are summed / combined with one another in the combiner 1828 for transmission. In both Figs. 17 and Fig. 18, two GMSK modulators 1805 are shown in the base band, each comprising a differential encoder 1807, an integrator 1809 operatively coupled to said differential encoding device 1807, and a low-pass Gaussian filter 1811 operatively coupled to said integrator 1809

Referring to Fig. 18 and Fig. 19, the phase shift by -π / 2 is inputted to the local oscillator (LO) signal by the output signals of the splitter 1812. Thus, the LO signal is divided into in-phase and quadrature and input to each of the two mixers / multipliers 1840-1844, 1848.

Referring to Fig. 19 illustrates an alternative approach or an example for combining (operation 2180) of two signals by setting the data of both users in correspondence to the in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) axes of the population under quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK). According to this approach, user data 1 and 2 put the I and Q QPSK-set (respectively, operation 2170), respectively, with the translational rotation of the phase by π / 2 (operation 2177) in each symbol (like the rotation of the phase by 3π / 8 in each symbol in the Enhanced General Packet Radio Service Protocol (EGPRS), but with π / 2 instead of 3π / 8) with the signal power level of each user determined by the coefficients A₁ and A₂ amplification (operation 2175). The amplifier gain for the in-phase (I) signal (for user 1) is A₁, which is equal to the cosine of alpha, α. The amplification factor for the quadrature (Q) signal is A2, which is equal to the sine alpha. Alpha is the angle whose tangent is equal to the ratio of the amplitudes. Baseband modulators 1805 comprise a modulator 1805 performing a two-position phase shift keying (BPSK) in the baseband for the first signal represented on axis I and a BPSK modulator 1805 in the baseband for the second signal represented on the Q axis. The transmitted I and Q signals that are input to the phase shifter 1820 of FIG. 19 can be filtered (operation 2185) before or after the phase shift operation (operation 2177) by means of a linear Gaussian filter or pulse shaping filter 1821 (for example, for use in conjunction with 8-position phase shift keying in the Enhanced General Packet Radio Service (EGPRS 8PSK)) to meet the spectral mask criteria in a GSM system. in Fig. 19, a corresponding pulse shaping filter 1821 is operatively connected between said phase shifter 1820 and the RF modulator / power amplifier 1823. The RF modulator and the power amplifier unit 1823 operate in such a way that RF modulation and amplification of the combined I and Q signals for transmission through the antenna.

The QPSK population diagram is shown in FIG. 20.

The operations performed in two approaches (based on GMSK or QPSK) are disclosed in the flowcharts shown in the drawings of FIGS. 21A and Fig. 21B. Referring to Fig. 21A, the phase-shift and gain-to-gain operations can be performed in any order, as illustrated in FIG. 21B, in which the order of execution of operations 2120 and 2130 is inverse compared to the order of execution thereof, shown in the flowchart of FIG. 21A.

In both approaches, when the BS 110, 111, 114, supporting the MUROS technology, sends the packet via the downlink radio method, this BS 110, 111, 114 controls two parameters:

First, in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) data streams are normalized, which increases the resolution and extends the dynamic range of the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 1850, 1852 used.

Secondly, control the power level used for the signal packet containing both signals I and Q ,. It is used to determine the amplification factor for a power amplifier (UM) (see below).

The following describes additional operations that can be performed by a base station supporting MUROS technology, as compared to an outdated base station for using the method and apparatus of the present invention. See the simplified flow diagram of FIG. 22.

First, the loss in the transmission path of the two signals is used to obtain the power level to be used for both calling users sharing the TCH, for example the first power level equal to P1 for the user 1 and, respectively, the second power level equal to P2 , for user 2 (In this example, the power level is expressed in watts, not in decibels (dB) with respect to 1 milliwatt (dBm)) (operation 2210).

Second, calculate the amplitude ratio R for these two power levels (operation 2220):

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Thirdly, gain factors G1 and G2 are determined for two users or callers, respectively, for user 1 and user 2 (operation 2230): In one example, for user 1, G1 = A₁= cos (α), and for the user 2 G2 = A₂= sin (α), where α = arctangent (R). Also A₂/ A₁= sin (α) / cos (α) = tan (α) = R.

Fourth, determine the gain factor for the power amplifier, taking into account the power level:

P = P1 + P2 (operation 2240).

The method and apparatus of the present invention combine two signals that can have different phases and power levels, such that: 1) each user can receive a useful signal having a desired amplitude, together with an extraneous signal, wherein the amplitude of the foreign signal is less than the amplitude at which an extraneous signal would cause unacceptable interference in a useful signal. This can prevent excessive amplitude, which can interfere with other signals in another cell. However, in some cases, the remote station 123-127 with lower power (lower power is used because this remote station is located closer to the base station 110, 111, 114) can instead have higher power (higher, than for the remote station 123-127) to form a pair with the remote station 123-127, which is further away from the base station 110, 111, 114. It is possible to avoid crossing the zero by the "eye diagram" of the modulation, which can help avoid distortions when converting the amplitude Modulation into phase (AM-PM) and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In addition, an out-of-date remote station (which does not support MUROS technology) that does not support DARP or with the DARP function involved can be used with a network that supports MUROS technology, that is, with base station 110, 111, 114 or with a base station controller 140-143 . which can help avoid distortion when converting amplitude modulation to phase (AM-PM) and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In addition, an out-of-date remote station (which does not support MUROS technology) that does not support DARP or with the DARP function involved can be used with a network that supports MUROS technology, that is, with base station 110, 111, 114 or with a base station controller 140-143 . which can help avoid distortion when converting amplitude modulation to phase (AM-PM) and low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In addition, an out-of-date remote station (which does not support MUROS technology) that does not support DARP or with the DARP function involved can be used with a network that supports MUROS technology, that is, with base station 110, 111, 114 or with a base station controller 140-143 .

This method can be stored as executable instructions in software stored in memory 962 that are executed by processing device 960 in the BTS, as shown in FIG. 23. It can also be stored as executable instructions in the software stored in the memory, which are executed by the processing device in BSC 140-143. Remote station 123-127 uses the TSC to which it was issued a command.

<u>Signaling</u>

Since the signaling channel has good coding and forward error correction (FEC) capability, only a minimum signal quality is required to detect a useful signal. Any higher signal power levels than this level result in unproductive power consumption and interfere with other remote stations 123-127. Thus, each transmission reduces the power level to minimize interference to another remote station 123-127 in the network while simultaneously supporting an acceptable bit error rate (BER) that can be processed by the FEC in such a way as to enable the detection of a useful signal.

Advantages of the method and apparatus of the present invention include, but are not limited to, the following.

Minimize unnecessary interference throughout the network.

Prevent excessive interference in the network between signals for different users.

Enabling the network to support potentially increased bandwidth.

Ensuring that the network can support more calls and achieve increased bandwidth.

Increase battery life and extend the talk time and standby time.

In one or more embodiments of the invention, which are exemplified, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, by software, firmware, or any combination thereof. If these functions are implemented via software, they can be stored or transmitted as one or more commands or code on a computer-readable media. Computer-readable storage media includes both computer storage media and communication media, including any means that facilitate the transfer of a computer program from one location to another. Storage media can be any existing media, to which a universal or specialized computer can access. As an example, which is not a limiting feature, such computer readable media can include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), read-only memory on a compact disc (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage device, magnetic disk storage or other storage devices on magnetic media or any other medium Spruce information that can be used as a carrier or storage means desired, which is a control program in the form of instructions or data structures and to which a universal or specialized computer or a universal or specialized processing device can access. In addition, a computer readable media correctly refers to any connection. For example, if the software is transferred from a Web site, from a server or from another remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) or wireless technology such as, for example, infrared communication radio communication and microwave communication, the definition of "storage medium" includes a coaxial cable, a fiber optic cable, a twisted pair, a digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless communication technologies such as, for example, asnom range radio communications, and microwave communications. As used herein, the term "disc" includes a compact disc (CD), a laser disc, an optical disc, a digital versatile disk (DVD), a floppy disk, and a Blue-ray disc where data is normally played back magnetically along with playback data from optical discs by means of lasers. In the scope of the concept of "computer-readable media" should also include combinations of the above-mentioned elements.

The methods described herein can be implemented by various means. For example, these methods can be implemented in hardware, through hardware-implemented software, by software, or by a combination of these. For a hardware implementation, the processing units used to detect interference from adjacent channels (ACI), for filtering I and Q, samples, for suppressing intra-channel interference (CCI), etc., may be implemented in one or more specialized integrated (ASIC), digital signal processing (DSP) devices, digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, electro GOVERNMENTAL devices

The foregoing description, which discloses the subject matter of the invention, enables any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made to the invention disclosed herein and that the basic principles set forth herein may be applied to other changes without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention disclosed herein. Therefore, it is intended that the invention disclosed herein is not limited to the examples described herein, but that it should be accorded the widest scope of patent claims consistent with the principles disclosed herein and novelty elements.

For those skilled in the art having an average level of competence, it is understood that information and signals can be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and any of a variety of different methods. For example, data, instructions, instructions, information, signals, bits, symbols and chips of a signal referenced anywhere in the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or by any combination thereof.

In addition, for those skilled in the art having an average level of competence, it is understood that various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm operations described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer programs or in the form of their combinations. In order to clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, in the above description, various components, blocks, modules, circuits, and operations for illustrative purposes have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. The way in which these functionalities are implemented: hardware or software, depends on the specific application and on the design constraints imposed on the entire system as a whole. Those skilled in the art may implement the above-described functionality in various ways for each particular application, but such decisions regarding the embodiment should not be construed as leading to overcoming the scope of the present invention.

The various logic blocks, modules and circuits shown for illustrative purposes that are described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented or performed using a general purpose processor, a digital signal processing (DSP) device, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) a gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a logic element on discrete components or a transistor logic, discrete upstream aratnyh components, or any combination thereof adapted to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine.

The operations of the method or algorithm described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented directly by hardware, in the form of a software module executed by the processor, or as a combination thereof. The software module may reside in random access memory (RAM), in flash memory, in ROM, in electrically programmable read-only memory (EPROM), in electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), in registers, in hard drive, removable disk, in a permanent storage device on a compact disc (CD-ROM) or on a storage medium of any other known type. The exemplary storage medium is connected to the processor in such a way that, that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. Alternatively, the storage medium can be integrated with the processor. The processor and the storage medium may reside in a dedicated integrated circuit (ASIC). A dedicated integrated circuit (ASIC) may reside in a subscriber terminal. Alternatively, the processor and the storage medium may reside in the user terminal as discrete components.

Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to anything but that which is consistent with the claims below.