Loader load lifter (versions)

The invention relates to loading and transport engineering and can be used in the automotive and electric.

Known forklift comprising three sections and a load carriage affixed to the first section of the lift cylinder, attached with their first ends respectively to the first and second sections of the first and second flexible traction elements attached respectively to the second and third sections of the sheave sections and the upper pulley covered from above respectively first and second flexible traction element, the second end of the first flexible pulling element is secured to the third section and is attached thereto with the possibility of its movement up cargo carriage (DE 3435690, 1987, ICI B66F 9/08).

The disadvantage of the forklift is the lack of a special freewheel - possible without increasing the overall height of the elevator moved up cargo carriage with a lifting device to a height commensurate with the height of processed goods, which limits the possibility of handling this forklift in rooms with low ceilings (carriages, wagons, containers) because the forklift is unable to handle the load placed on the second and subsequent tiers.

The technical effect of the invention is that it implements special freewheel mode, and is achieved as follows.

Forklift truck comprising three sections, load carriage affixed to the third section with the possibility of its displacement upwards, two flexible traction element lift cylinder with a rod secured to the first section, a pulley attached to the second section and the envelope of a first flexible pulling member, the upper pulley attached to the third section, envelope of a second flexible traction element, the ends of the first flexible pulling element attached to the first and third sections, one end of the second flexible traction element is secured to the second section comprises attached to the rod of the hydraulic cylinder lifting pulley lift cylinder attached to the second section of the lower a pulley attached to the third section of the limiter moving freight carriage, and a third flexible traction element, said second traction element sequentially encircles pulley lift cylinder and a lower pulley of the second section, a forklift is provided with an additional pulley, wherein,

according to the first independent claims:

further pulley coaxially attached to the upper pulley of the third section, they both have teeth, the second and third flexible traction member is a chain, the end of the third flexible pulling element is attached to the loading carriage, while the second ends of the second and third flexible traction elements are free, wherein the ratio of diameters additional pulley and the upper pulley of the third section is in the range from 1 to 2;

and the second independent claims:

to the axis of the additional pulley fixed ends of the second and third flexible pull elements, loading carriage has a pulley, a third flexible traction element surrounds sequentially cargo carriage pulley and secondary pulley, and the second end of the third flexible traction element is secured to the third section.

In the drawings is shown:

1 - forklift (for claim 1) with a second bearing section in the initial position;

2 - the same, at the end of the first lifting stage;

Figure 3 - the same as in the end of the second lifting stage;

4 - forklift (in claim 2) with a second bearing section in the initial position;

Figure 5 - is the same, at the end of the first lifting stage;

6 - the same end of the second lifting stage;

7 - forklift (in claim 2) with a second curtain section in the initial position;

8 - the same end of the first lifting stage;

9 - same as at the end of the second lifting stage;

10 - according to the explanations of the friction force between the carriage of cargo and the third section of the cargo weight.

In both embodiments, according to claims 1 and 2, the forklift (1, 4 and 7) comprises three sections 1, 2 and 3, the load carriage 4 (hereinafter - CC), to which lifting devices are attached (e.g., forks) , lift cylinder 5 (hereinafter - CP) with the rod 6, flexible traction elements (hereinafter - GTE) 7, 8 and 9, the CPU pulley 10, a pulley 11, lower pulley 12, the upper pulley 13, limiting movement of cargo carriage 14.

Section 2 can be a carrier (1-6) or curtain (7-9). In the first case section 2 and 3 are attached to the previous section (1 and 2) with the possibility of its upward movement (in the drawings mechanism section joints not shown). In the second case section 3 is attached to section 1 with the possibility of its upward movement, while section 2 is only used for placing thereon the pulleys 11 and 12.

GK 4 is attached to the section 3 with the possibility of his moving up.

CPU 5 is attached to one section.

GTE 7 at its ends is attached to sections 1 and 3 and bends around a pulley 11.

GTE 8 is attached to one end of the section 2 and successively encircles pulleys 10, 12 and 13.

Pulleys 10-13 respectively attached to the rod 6, section 2, 2, 3.

Truck movement limiter 14 is attached to the carriage section 3.

Of claim 1 further:

- Forklift has a pulley 15 coaxially attached to the pulley 13, and they both have teeth, and the GTE 8 and 9 are made in the form of a chain;

- One end of the GTE 9 is attached to the GC 4, and the second ends GTE 8 and 9 are free;

- The ratio of the diameters of pulleys 15 and 13 ranges from 1 to 2.

According to claim 2 further:

- The forklift has a pulley 16, the axis of which is attached to the ends of the GTE 8 and 9;

- Cargo carriage has pulley 17;

- GTE 9 series goes around the pulleys 17 and 16;

- A second end attached to the GTE 9 section 3.

Operation of the forklift equally in both embodiments. The differences indicated.

Initially, the rod 6 is fully pushed into the CPU 5, section 2 is in the lowest position on the basis of section 1, section 3 is in the lowest position, being suspended by GTE 7 (in the case of non-structural performance section 2 section 3 opiretsya to section 1 ), SC 4 is in its lowest position, being suspended by GTE 8 and 9. The lift cargo carried in two stages.

In the first stage (2, 5, and 8) the stem 6 extends to the upper level section, the pulley 10 serves as a physical mobile unit, rotating (in the drawing) counterclockwise, and TEG 9 picks up at 4 CC value

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Where

- Nsh1 - stroke 6 at the first stage;

- K = D15 / D13 in the first embodiment (D15, D13 - the diameters of the pulleys 15 and 13 respectively),

- K = 3/2 in the second embodiment. In fact, when lifting the pulley 16 to a height H 4 SC rises to the same height H plus n / 2 - decreases as the length of each branch GTE 9 connecting the pulleys 16 and 17.

Sections 2 and 3 remain stationary.

Consider the forces acting on sections 2 and 3 in the first stage (positive direction is considered to be down).

Further:

P - weight of the load (GK 4 with weight and its elements);

Q2 and Q3 - weight sections 2 and 3;

T7, T8, T9 - tension force GTE 7, 8, 9;

FTP.1-2 and FTP.2-3 - friction force between sections 1-2 and sections 2-3;

FTP.3-K - the friction force between the sections 3 and 4 of the Civil Code.

For the first option:

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and given that

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we obtain:

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For the second option:

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and

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easily obtained from [5] for k = 3/2.

Excluding T7, we find that the first stage of section 2 and 3 will not move up the subject

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Of fundamental importance is (subject to the &lt;2) the presence of the sign "plus" P value of the load weight on the left side of this inequality, since the value is dependent on P because the friction force is proportional to the force nip roller 4 to 18 of the Civil Code Section 3 (10), this force is, in turn, is proportional to the current in the HA 4 moment of forces caused by displacement of the center of gravity with respect to the attachment point to the GTE 9 GK 4, which is proportional to the weight F cargo GC 4:

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where a - coefficient depending on the geometry of the Civil Code 4, and the coefficient of friction in the roller 18. Therefore, the expression [6] we obtain:

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Where

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Considering that a matter of the order of 10-2, we see that when k &lt;2 condition fixed section [10] is guaranteed to execute, because the right side of [10] is less than zero. Otherwise, large sections of the P possible movement in the first stage lift.

On the other hand, for k = 1 stroke 6 at the first stage should be half freewheel GC 4, and given that such is commensurate with the height of the sections, and considering that the stem 6 must have an additional length to the nomination of the sections in the second stage, we conclude that k must lie in the range from one to two.

The first step ends at the moment of contact HA limiter 14 4 (2, 5 and 8), the operation of the pulley 15 (claim 1) and 16 (claim 2) and associated components and terminates HA 4 ceases to move relative to section 3.

In a second step (Figures 3, 6 and 9) of the rod 6 extends further upwards. The pulley 11 works as a physical mobile unit, providing stroke section 3, a 2-fold greater than the stroke section 2. Pulley 10 also operates as a physical mobile unit, but is now rotated in the opposite direction. The length of the branches 8 GTE concluded between the pulleys 12 and 13 is increased by the amount of movement of the section 3 with respect to section 2, the equal amount of displacement with respect to section 2 section 1. On the same magnitude decreases the total length of branches GTE 8 included between the anchoring point GTE to section 8 2 and the pulley 12. As a result, the section 2 is moved upward relative to section 1 by an amount 2 times greater than the stroke at this stage 6 and section 3 is moved upward relative to the two sections by an amount 2 times greater than the amount of displacement of section 2 relative to section 1.

As a result, HA loaded with 4 moves upward in the second stage an amount 4 times larger than the stroke 6.