Elastomer item with composite polymer fiber coating (versions)

TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention relates to an elastomeric article having a polymer composite fibrous coating including an elastomer or elastomer blend, a fiber or fiber blend, a surfactant and finely divided lubricant wax. The present invention also relates to a method of producing a thin coating layer of a polymeric composite coating comprising a nonwoven fabric associated with the rubber articles. The polymer composite fibrous coating can be subjected to foaming. A thin coating layer or the foamed cover layer may be applied to gloves used in household or industrial use.

BACKGROUND

A general method for coating a glove domestic or industrial use is in injection flocking or natural cotton or synthetic fibers by using air or static discharge for thickened prepared by a procedure dipping polymer latex adhesive layer associated with the first gel layer formed by another polymer latex. Other methods include placing the outline shape having a woven material of metal or ceramic, and forms a polymeric latex coating layer of woven fabric by the dipping method.

For example, US Patent number 3098755 claims a method for producing glued polyurethane coatings on latex rubber substrates. A polyurethane coating, a layer of short fibers prior to curing by any suitable method such as electrostatic or mechanical. Short fibers collide with the coating so that mixing short fibers with the polymer or introduction of fibers or full penetration of the polymer coating is not allowed. Thus, despite the fact that the fibers may be oriented normal to the coating surface, or oriented in another way, fibers are brought into contact with only the surface portion of the coating.

Modification flocking technique is described in document GB 1102342, which comprises not using dipping method for manufacturing elongated binder particles of polymeric material. The method is achieved by adding natural or synthetic fibers to the dispersion of polymeric materials, freezing the aqueous dispersion of the polymeric material and its thawing to obtain particles of the polymeric material. The particles of polymeric material then bind the natural or synthetic fibers with each other on the porous surface by the vacuum created. The porous surface is a Fourdrinier and the resulting fibrous web is then subjected to pressing and calendering.

U.S. Patent number 6143416 describes a method of forming a thin-walled article, namely a surgical glove. The glove includes a first elastomer layer of polyurethane formed by the coating method by using a dipping form with a rough surface to obtain an outer gripping surface to the glove.

The document GB 1091523 describes a method for manufacturing a mat coated with a composite coating comprising a short fiber. Steps of the method include: coating the surface of a flexible base sheet a coating of a curable latex adhesives based on natural or synthetic rubber, electrostatic deposition of short fibers on the adhesive, drying the adhesive, placing section coated with short fibers on the vacuum form an electrically heated and connection line vacuum so that the section is drawn into position, curing the base sheet and adhesive, and attaching molded mats comprising a composition based on natural or synthetic rubber, a section of the coated short fibers.

Members of gloves for industrial or domestic purposes usually suffer from excessive wet due to sweating. Thus, industrial or household gloves purpose characterized reduced comfort when worn for extended periods of time. Gloves coating from short fibers and applying a coating layer of short fibers, currently existing on the market fall into these categories. Despite the fact that the glove with the application of the coating layer of short fibers provide a more comfortable surface compared to gloves without the coating of the short fibers, sweat absorption and evaporation for this type of glove it is still relatively poor. In addition, the degree of coverage of short fibers sometimes do not correspond to commonly used coating layers of short fibers.

Accordingly, it is desirable to have a fibrous surface coated with a polymer coating, which is cooled by evaporation, is able to absorb and retain moisture as it evaporates from this surface, and to provide cooling of the user while maintaining his dryness. Therefore, a method of manufacturing a glove of the type used in households or industry, ensuring achievement of increased user comfort by improving combat perspiration.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In one embodiment, the polymer composite fibrous coating is applied by dipping method on the surface coated with a primer in the form of a salt or a coagulant gel surface elastomeric natural or synthetic polymer prior to curing. After curing and drying the polymer layer and the polymeric fibrous composite coating coated with the polymer layer binds.

In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method of producing the mixture as a nonwoven fibrous polymeric composition for application by dip coating method on the surface of the elastomer layer based on a carboxylated acrylonitrile-butadiene. Form a shape of a hand first immersed in a salt-based coagulant. Thereafter, it was dipped in the dispersion of the elastomer, and finally immersed in a medium for applying fibrous polymer composite coating. This method is particularly suitable for the manufacture of elastomeric articles such as gloves for industrial or domestic purposes. The method may include the steps of: dipping a preheated mold in the shape of a hand with saline coagulant; drying the coagulant; dipping into a dispersion of an elastomer; drying the gelled elastomer; dipping into a novel composition for applying the polymer composite fibrous coating, which is stabilized by a surfactant composite dispersion in a solution of a polymer such as polyurethane, mixed with fibrous materials such as cotton and rayon in combination with a finely divided high density polyethylene; forming fibrous gelled structure upon applying coagulant salt remaining after gelation of the elastomeric layer, or further applying a primer in the form of saline coagulant to form a composite coating; and drying and curing the polymer composite fibrous coating and elastomeric layer.

In another embodiment, the elastomeric article is proposed, comprising a first layer, said first layer comprising a natural or synthetic polymer; and a second layer bonded to the first layer, the second layer comprising a polymer composite fibrous coating. The polymer composite fibrous coating comprises at least one elastomer or elastomer blend, a fiber or fiber blend, a surfactant and micronized wax.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

1 is a photograph taken by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photomicrographs, showing a perspective view of a polymer composite fibrous coating associated with the elastomeric layer of one embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a photograph taken by scanning electron microscopy photomicrograph shows a side view of the polymer composite fibrous coating associated with the elastomeric layer of Figure 1.

3 is a photograph taken by scanning electron microscopy photomicrograph shows a side view of a foamed polymer composite fibrous coating associated with the elastomeric layer of another embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 represents another obtained by scanning electron microscopy photomicrograph of the embodiment of Figure 3.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In one aspect, the present invention provides neotlipayuschee nerazmochalivayuscheesya or coating suitable for use in such applications including food processing, where detachment of the fibers and product contamination are unacceptable. A significant factor is also the struggle with sweating in the articles worn very close to human skin. Such properties are important in the market. In another aspect there is provided an elastomeric article such as a glove, wherein improved properties of the suppression of sweating and the presence neotlipayuschego fibrous coating layer.

In one embodiment, a method for manufacturing a method for dipping the resulting elastomeric product comprising the steps of dipping a heated mold with the shape of a hand in a salt coagulant, drying the coagulant and dipping the form into the dispersion of synthetic or natural latex. Thereafter, the gel-like layer of synthetic or natural elastomer is dipped into the primer in the form of a salt coagulant, then the primer is dried before dipping into a bath of the polymeric fibrous composite solution or a fibrous foamed polymer composite dispersion. Alternatively, gelled elastomeric layer can be dipped directly into the fibrous composite solution or fibrous composite foamed in dispersion, without resorting to any immersion into the primer, if required a thin layer of fibrous polymer film or a fibrous foamed layer. Laminate polymer composite fibrous coating or polymer composite fibrous foamed laminate on the glove will seek the appropriate level of comfort for the user when used for prolonged periods. Selection of SEM photographs (Figures 1-2) shows the fiber-polymer composite coating. Another compilation of SEM photographs (Figures 3-4) shows the structure of a laminate of foamed polymer composite fibrous coating.

Another embodiment of the above method can be carried out by immersing the gelled elastomeric layer into a bath foaming natural or synthetic latex and drying it to form a primer coating of coagulant salt before dipping into the fibrous composite solution. The foam layer will provides additional cushioning comfort feeling for long periods of use, such as in the case of gloves.

Alternatively, in another embodiment, the composite mixture of fibrous materials and natural or synthetic polymers may also be subjected to foaming by using suitable foaming agents or foam-stabilizing surfactant to obtain on the surface of the gloves with fibrous foamed laminate structure with open pores. Suitable polymers include natural rubber latex, synthetic polyisoprene latex, styrene- butadiene latex, carboxylated latex-based or non-carboxylated acrylonitrile-butadiene, polychloroprene latex, polyacrylic latex, butyl rubber latex, polyurethane latex, and the like.

One suitable embodiment of this aspect of the invention is the ability to adjust the gloves sweat absorption and drying it in the user's perspiration gloves for extended periods of use. For example, the glove embodiment can include a combination of fibrous polymer composite coating layer formed by, for example, cotton, rayon, high density polyethylene and an elastomer, preferably polyurethane, thus enabling the achievement of increased levels of comfort for the user.

The first layer - backing layer of the elastomeric article of the present invention to use natural or synthetic polymers. The polymers include elastomers such as, but not limited to: natural rubber, synthetic polyisoprene, styrene-butadiene copolymer, based on carboxylated or non-carboxylated acrylonitrile-butadiene, polychloroprene, an acrylic polymer, a butyl rubber or polyurethane, and the like. Based on polyurethanes may be simple or complex polyesters. Possible to use commercial elastomer latexes that provide the polymer on curing. Suitable commercial elastomer latexes include NEOREZ R-987, PERBUNAN X1171, and the like.

Fibrous materials used in the various embodiments of the polymer fibrous composite of the present invention may be natural or synthetic, such as wool, cotton, jute, rayon, polyamide, polyesters or acrylics. The fibrous material is preferably characterized by a denier value ranging from about 1.0 to about 2.0 and a length ranging from about 0.1 mm to about 2.0 mm. The fibers of the present invention may take the form of, for example, combing or short fibers of cotton viscose.

The elastomer used in the various embodiments of the polymer fibrous composite of the present invention may be prepared from an acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, polychloroprene, acrylic polymer, natural rubber, synthetic polyisoprene, butyl rubber, polyurethane, styrene-butadiene copolymer and the like. Based on polyurethanes may be simple or polyesters. Preferably, the material must be characterized by high water vapor transmission, such as from polyurethane or synthetic hydrogels. The elastomer of the present invention may be self-crosslinking, i.e. it can be crosslinked with itself or it may be treated with a crosslinking curing agent. Possible to use commercial elastomer latexes that provide the elastomer on curing. Suitable commercial elastomer latexes include NEOREZ R-987, PERBUNAN X1171, and the like.

In embodiments, the elastomeric polymers and the elastomers can be the same or different. It is important that the elastomeric layers comprising polymers and elastomers could communicate with each other during curing.

Micronized wax lubricant, such as high density polyethylene ("HDPE"), polypropylene, carnauba, hydrocarbon or polytetrafluoroethylene ("PTFE"), provides a certain degree of smoothness and lubricity to the composite coating layer that facilitates donning, especially when Coating is foamed. Micronized wax can improve the rheological characteristics of aqueous dispersion of short fibers of the present invention. Waxes suitable for use in various embodiments of the polymer fibrous composite of the present invention may be of natural or synthetic origin. Synthetic waxes include polymer and copolymer waxes, for example polyethylene wax, oxidized polyethylene wax, modified polyethylene wax, a high-density polyethylene wax based on an oxidized high density polyethylene, wax, a modified high-density polyethylene, polypropylene wax, polyamide wax, polytetrafluoroethylene wax and the like. Suitable natural waxes include, for example, carnauba wax, microcrystalline wax, paraffin wax, and the like. One suitable use for the finely divided wax-based material is HDPE ACUMIST D9, available from Honeywell International, Specialty Wax and Additives, USA.

Suitable for use in various embodiments of the polymer fibrous composite of the present invention are such surfactants as nonionic acetylenic diols and ethoxylated acetylenic diols. One suitable for use surfactant is SURFYNOL 465 available from Air Products and Chemicals Inc., USA.

Suitable for use in various embodiments of the polymer fibrous composite of the present invention are foaming agents and foaming agents. Suitable blowing agents include commercial grade CALSOFT L 60 available from Pilot Chemical Company, USA, and EMULVIN W from the company Bayer AG, Germany.

In various embodiments, the polymer fibrous composite of the present invention it is possible to use additives, such as thickeners, hardeners or curing agents. For example, in conjunction with the surfactants of the present invention to use triethanolamine. One suitable use for the thickener is ACRYSOL G 111, available from Rohm and Haas (UK) Ltd., United Kingdom. PEG 3350 is available from ICI Australia Operations Pty Ltd .. CELLOSIZE is available from Union Carbide (Europe) SA, Belgium. COMPOSITE A345 is available in the company Aquaspersion Ltd., UK. SCRIPSET 550 is available from Monsanto Chemical Co., USA. FREES WEBNIX IL N available in the company Crusader Chemical Co., USA. NIPACIDE TK is available from Nipa Laboratories Ltd., Wales, United Kingdom. In the practice of the present invention to use pigments such as titanium dioxide and colored dispersion; TEGO 4710 is available from Goldschmidt AG, Germany. One suitable hardener is diethyl zinc ("ZDEC"). Other useful commercial additives include ammonia, sodium lauryl sulfate, dibenzilsulfonat sodium and potassium hydroxide, which can be used as stabilizers.

Further, the following examples will further describe certain embodiments. The percentages indicate the dry weight of the component based on the total amount of the aqueous solution, if water is mentioned in the example.

EXAMPLE 1

When using high-speed mixer SILVERSON model No. L4R hards cotton dispersed in an aqueous solution. We obtain the following dispersion stripping cotton:

Sieved hards hlopka1,0% surfactant ethoxylated acetylene diol0,18 Trietanolamin0,18%%% Voda98,64

Before adding to the mixture of water and surfactant cotton noils screened to prevent agglomeration of short fibers. To seek a stable and homogeneous dispersion.

EXAMPLE 2

Cotton linters were dispersed in an aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 1. Again achieved obtain a stable and homogeneous dispersion.

Sieved hards hlopka2,0% surfactant ethoxylated acetylene diol0,18 Trietanolamin0,18%%% Voda97,64

EXAMPLE 3

Cotton linters were dispersed in an aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 1.

Sieved hards cotton 5.0% surfactant ethoxylated acetylene diol0,18% Trietanolamin0,18% Water 94.64%

After the dispersion has about 50% of the short fibers is screened, then adding short fibers caused them to swell in the dispersion and caused agglomeration and loss of stability.

EXAMPLE 4

Cotton linters were dispersed in an aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 1.

Sieved hards hlopka5,0% surfactant ethoxylated acetylene diol0,72 Trietanolamin0,72%%% Voda93,56

Observed loss of stability and agglomeration of short fibers in the same manner as in Example 3.

EXAMPLE 5

Cotton linters were dispersed in an aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 2. Prior to the addition of noil added cotton wax micronized high-density polyethylene.

Sieved hards hlopka2,0% finely divided wax-based PEVP1,0% surfactant ethoxylated acetylene diol0,40 Trietanolamin0,40%%% Voda96,20

Gives a stable dispersion in the absence of agglomeration after the usual mixing.

EXAMPLE 6

Cotton linters were dispersed in an aqueous solution in the same manner as in Example 5.

Sieved hards hlopka3,0% finely divided wax-based PEVP1,0% surfactant ethoxylated acetylene diol0,40 Trietanolamin0,40%%% Voda95,20

All sieved short fibers are uniformly dispersed by mixing in the usual mixing and agglomerating absent. Gives a stable dispersion of short fibers.

EXAMPLE 7

Salt-based coagulant was prepared by adding the components to water in the following order.

Nitrate kaltsiya15,0% PEG 33500,5% S 4650,3% CELLOSIZE0,2% Etillaktat0,6% ethanol denaturirovannyy5,02% Voda78,38%

Coagulating the mixture was stirred until it fades.

EXAMPLE 8

Prepared following based copolymer latex of carboxylated acrylonitrile-butadiene.

PERBUNAN X117135,7% COMPOSITE A3451,78% SCRIPSET 5500,36% WEBNIX FREESIL N0,22% NIPACIDE TK0,21% dioxide titana0,18% kaliyaDo hydroxide pH 9-9,5Voda61,55%

EXAMPLE 9

A glove with a ceramic texture was heated to 60-70 ° C and then immersed in a coagulating bath heated to 40-50 ° C, as in Example 7. After drying the salt was deposited on the form, after the mold is immersed in a dispersion of copolymer latex based on carboxylated acrylonitrile-butadiene, such as in Example 8. The mold is then placed for 60 seconds in an oven at 90 ° C for drying of the gel latex. The mold is then dipped into the following composite dispersion. The polymer composite dispersion looked viscous and was saturated with short fibers. The dispersion of short fibers was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the stirring polyurethane latex and small quantity of latex compound on the basis of a butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer of Example 8.

The latex blend of Example 86,66% NEOREZ R-9873,33% sieved hards hlopka3,00% finely divided wax-based PEVP1,00% SAW ethoxylated acetylene diol0,40 Trietanolamin0,40%%% Voda85,21

Sought to obtain a homogeneous gel elastomer coating and dried for 120 seconds at 80-90 ° C prior to leaching it with hot water for 4 minutes at 40-50 ° C. Thereafter, curing was carried out for gloves for 40 minutes at 120 ° C. After further leaching finished glove was removed from the mold when wet.

EXAMPLE 10

The procedure of Example 9 was repeated except that the dispersion of short fibers prepared in accordance with Example 5 and the composite dispersion was prepared as described below.

The latex blend of Example 85,00% NEOREZ R-9872,50% sieved hards hlopka2,00% finely divided wax-based PEVP1,00% SAW ethoxylated acetylene diol0,40 Trietanolamin0,40%%% Voda88,70

After wearing the glove for 1 hour still create a feeling of comfort and dryness.

EXAMPLE 11

The procedure of Example 9 was repeated using the following composite dispersion:

Example 85,00% NEOREZ R-9872,50% sieved hards hlopka2,00% Short fiber viskozy2,00% finely divided wax-based PEVP1,00% Surfactant veschestvo0,40% ethoxylated acetylenic diol Trietanolamin0,40% Voda86,70%

After wearing the glove for 1 hour it creates a greater sense of dryness than in Example 10.

EXAMPLE 12

The procedure of Example 9 was repeated using the following composite dispersion:

NEOREZ R-98710,0% sieved hards hlopka2,00% Short fiber viskozy2,00% finely divided wax-based PEVP0,80% Surfactant veschestvo0,40% ethoxylated acetylenic diol Trietanolamin0,40% Voda84,40%

The coating containing the fibers was smooth.

EXAMPLE 13

The procedure of Example 9 was repeated using the following composite dispersion:

NEOREZ R-9877,50% sieved hards hlopka2,00% Short fiber viskozy1,00% finely divided wax-based PEVP0,80% Surfactant veschestvo0,40% ethoxylated acetylenic diol Trietanolamin0,40% Voda87,90%

The coating containing the fibers was smooth.

EXAMPLE 14

The procedure of Example 9 was repeated using the following composite dispersion. Mixed composite dispersion thickened to increase adhesion during the dive. The thickener was added after all the other ingredients were already dispersed. The viscosity of the thickened composite dispersion (Brookfieid model LVT, spindle # 1 at 60 vol. / Min) was 70 cps.

NEOREZ R-9875,00% thickener ACRYSOL G 1110,10% sieved hards hlopka2,00% Short fiber viskozy1,00% finely divided wax-based PEVP0,80% Surfactant veschestvo0,40% ethoxylated acetylenic diol Trietanolamin0,40% Voda90, thirty%

The glove was more comfortable than Example 11 when worn for 1 hour.

EXAMPLE 15

The procedure of Example 14 was repeated using the following composite dispersion.

NEOREZ R-9873,50% thickener ACRYSOL G 1110,40% sieved hards hlopka2,00% Short fiber viskozy1,00% finely divided wax-based PEVP0,80% Surfactant veschestvo0,40% ethoxylated acetylenic diol Trietanolamin0,40% Voda91, 50%

This glove was comfortable to wear for 1 hour, and after this period, the user's hand is still felt dry. However, the laminate of the coated fibers contain less than in Example 14.

EXAMPLE 16

The procedure of Example 9 was repeated except that the elastomeric gel layer was dipped in a standard mixture as described hereinafter for a conventional foaming followed by brief drying of the gel for 5 minutes at 40 ° C. Thereafter, at this stage followed by immersion into a coagulant primer based on 5% of calcium nitrate, drying step, and finally dipping into the composite dispersion according to Examples 14 and 15.

Carboxylated nitrile lateks100 gAmmiakDo pH 9,5EMULVIN W0,5 gSera0,5 gZnO3,0 gZDEC0,3 gPigment dioxide titana1,0 gTEGO 47100.2 gACRYSOL G 1112,0 g

The above latex was diluted with water (142.5 g), mechanically whisked to the excess of its original volume by 30% and adjusted to an effective viscosity for dipping. Foamed coating layer coated on the fibrous glove was easy and very comfortable to wear, and, apparently, it has an open pore structure that achieve the best absorption characteristics sweat.

EXAMPLE 17

Composite dispersion was prepared as follows:

Carboxylated nitrile lateks82,5% sieved hards hlopka10,0% Short fiber viskozy2,5% finely divided wax-based PEVP0,8% lauryl natriya0,1% CALSOFT L 601,0% thickener ACRYSOL G 1110,8% oxide tsinka1,5 Sera0,4%% ZDEC0,4%

The above-mentioned mixed latex composite dispersion was diluted with water to a total solids content of its 35% was whipped in a blender for making brine before exceeding its volume by about 20% and adjusted to a viscosity in the range of 1500-2000 cps for dipping. Thereafter, the procedure of Example 9 was repeated except that the elastomeric gel layer was dipped into the foamed composite mixture. Then, when the first layer of elastomeric gel immersed in the foamed composite mixture formed a homogeneous gel foam, and the foam was allowed to partially dry off at room temperature. Foamed elastomeric gel coating was leached in warm water heated to 40-50 ° C, while maintaining the flow of water in order to provide sufficient agitation to wash or remove a thin layer of foam bubble on the surfaces of the composite foamed gel. When the form is removed from the water leach to form a homogeneous fibrous structure, sandwiched matrix with an open pore structure, and after curing for 40 minutes at 120 ° C in a glove formed finely foamed composite laminate. The glove was comfortable to wear, and the user's hand is still maintained and dryness after wearing the gloves for a period of 1 hour.

The described invention may be varied in various ways. Therefore, to those skilled the art should now be apparent that such variations may not be regarded as departing from the principles of the invention described in the following claims.