Method of checking documents

The invention relates to the structure of the security elements for documents and to a method of verifying the documents with such security elements.

At present, documents with security elements with optical diffraction effect are controlled with an expensive optical verification technique. A test, for example, of documents with security elements with optical diffraction effect, respectively with the so-called OVD's (optical variable device), is not possible on a document processing machine, because it works at high speeds.

DE 2747156 describes a test method and apparatus for verifying the authenticity of holographic identity cards. The OVD is reproduced and then subjected to visual control. For a quick, efficient and independent verification of the person, this method is inappropriate.

EP 0042946 discloses a device for the production of sweep samples, which are laser tested, with a system of mirrors and lenses, as well as a photodetector. And in this case, from an economic point of view, the expense is very high. To avoid extortion it would be necessary to have a repeated arrangement of the authenticity verification system, respectively a repeated verification.

EP 0092691 A1 describes a device for detecting security bands in banknotes. Using two measurement channels with infrared illumination at a wavelength of about 5 mm, the material-specific absorption bands of a plastic safety tape are measured. A check of the authenticity or quality for the metal-reflecting optical diffraction security elements, such as, for example, reflection holograms or cinegrams, are not described in the aforementioned EP and would not be possible with the specified device.

From GB 2160644 The verification with surface illumination is known, through a line-scan room at banknotes, and from CH PS 652355, the verification of cards with special structure in layers is known by the process of surface illumination or by its penetration, in both cases. it is a check in which the information through the received images is compared with the original ones. Problematic and inconvenient are the reflections and traces of wear that appear in both processes.

An automatic verification of the authenticity of the holographic information is described in DE-OS 3811905. The instructions described provide, for the verification of the hologram by light, that the transmitter and receiver are placed directly face to face, in order to be able to analyze the hologram information. This face-to-face placement results in a disadvantageous overhead in terms of measurement technique and, possibly, even deterioration of the recording elements, by directly falling light at the intersections between successive banknotes. When checking used banknotes, folding boxes make verification virtually impossible, due to random reflections.

Following the known procedure described above, precise positioning of the objects to be checked is required and all these devices are not suitable for fast machining machines. In DE 19604 856 A1 it is proposed to carry out the quality control, respectively to match the optical safety indices in the form of reflective metallic layers, such as cinegrams, holograms and the like, on value papers, especially banknotes, so that an indication of metallic security reflective paper of value to be scanned in the known manner, in the light, through at least one electronic camera, preferably a line-scan-CCD camera, and the actual values ​​thus calculated shall be compared with the values ​​imposed by the methods of evaluating the images that are known per se, for the purpose of marking the banknotes with defective security indices, respectively detecting the worn papers and eliminating them in a sorting facility. The device, as described in

RO 118987 Β1

DE 19604856 Α1, it is characterized by a known mode of transport itself, for the movement of the value papers in the electronic room area, a source of infrared rays on the 50 opposite to the room of the value paper, which must be verified, and is characterized by the fact that the optical axis of the camera forms, with the optical axis of the lighting device, a different angle of 180 °, and the mode of transport is preferably performed, by the conveyor belts which are distanced from each other, perpendicular to the direction of transport. And this device, respectively process, has the disadvantage that the very worn banknotes, with matching skins, or even the banknotes that have a damaged film or the dirty surface, cannot be recognized as authentic banknotes; In addition, the process described and the related device, although automated, are not suitable for fast banknote machines that are in circulation and have a speed of 1200 pieces per minute.

The security indices with optical diffraction effect, respectively the OVDs on 60-value papers, such as, for example, the 100 and 200 German mark notes, are currently manually checked, respectively visually, for deterioration, matching accuracy, accurate contouring of the edge etc. The verification takes place visually both at the production of banknotes and at the sorting if necessary of the banknotes coming out of circulation. The procedure costs a lot of time and money. DE 19542995 A1 describes, among others, a process for verifying the authenticity 65 of a data medium, by matching the different data that is available. According to this patent application, the following possibilities are given:

- comparison of the standard image of the hologram with that of the memory unit;

- comparing hologram data with data from a defined area of ​​the data medium and / or with a memory unit; 70

- comparing the data of the hologram with the data available through a data entry unit;

- comparing the individual image of the hologram with the data of the data entry unit, the memory unit and / or the data of the defined area.

And this process is expensive in terms of time and money. The verification is done by optical paths, 75 by matching, by means of image recognition, with the reading device and, by this, it is not suitable for high speed processing or checking machines. Next, the colors are known as verification indices with special physical characteristics for the security of the securities and banknotes. Here, a distinction can be made between colors that can be recognized without assistive means, visually or by pipetting, and those that can be detected only by specific auxiliary means, depending on the respective physical characteristic of the color, for example electrical conductivity or fluorescence. The interference colors are part of the group of colors that can be recognized without additional help. They are found, for example, on German brand banknotes from the series since 1996 (1997 issue). In these, by changing the observation angle, a change of color 85 is observed. With this tilting effect, it is possible to quickly and uncomplicated manual verification of banknotes. Colors having fluorescent or magnetic characteristics, or a certain electrical conductivity, can only be detected by appropriate means. However, the verification devices so far have a relatively low resolution, so that the appropriate security indices must be large in size in order to ensure a good possibility of recognition.

When checking typographic colors with different electrical conductivities, it proved to be a disadvantage that different electrical conductivities with different verification devices must be checked, in the same verification process, successively or in two verification processes, with the appropriate configuration of the software, by to the same verification device. In addition, at the reduced conductivity of the verification field, the measurement accuracy is reduced. A check of the good typographic colors of electricity conductor, which,

RO 118987 Β1 due to the thickness of the index layer and substrates, it also has a different electrical conductivity, it is impossible with the known verification devices, due to their low resolution. EP-A-0 097570 contains a device for checking the dielectric behavior of objects, especially for banknotes and checks. Because the capacitors contained are supplied simultaneously with the oscillator frequency, overloading between neighboring capacitors is achieved. Therefore, it is necessary to have a large distance between the capacitor plates, so that the resolution capacity is reduced; in addition, a large radiation emission is reached and therefore a disturbing influence. Check speed is relatively low on this device.

US-A 4255652 comprises a device for detecting recognition indices on documents. This device is less suitable for recognizing smaller conductive surfaces, because, due to the operating principle of the load transport, the amplitude of the signal decreases strongly to surfaces that decrease. Also, it is not possible to verify several check points in the form of conductive surfaces simultaneously. The geometrical size and shape of the conductive surfaces cannot be determined.

The well-known indices to be verified, the areas and structures to be verified, as well as the procedures and devices for verifying the authenticity of objects, securities, especially banknotes, have the essential disadvantage of being known. A knowledge that allows the counterfeiter as having knowledge of the method and device of its verification and operation to draw conclusions on the indices, zones and structures to be verified. From here derives a completely new requirement for the verification of objects, securities, especially banknotes, the solution of which has to materialize in a new application system for verification indices, verification procedures and devices, in order to prevent easy discovery. of the information code and its copy.

The object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the known solutions in the art and especially to complement the structure of the security elements for documents with other security elements and to propose devices for verifying these security elements and a new process for applying the security elements. security and devices that make it very difficult, even making it impossible for the forger to draw conclusions, from the functioning of the process and the verification devices, on the security elements that must be verified, in order to make forgeries that are so similar to the originals that they cannot be detected by the verification devices.

Next, the object of the invention is to propose safety elements and indices with optical diffraction effect, respectively OVDs which, in combination with the electric conductive printing inks, can be checked quickly, independently of persons and precisely, with reduced costs. The respective devices for the verification of the indications must find application both in fast machines of document processing and in hand testers. Further, the object of the invention is also to provide several devices according to the invention, so that they test a defined number of elements, respectively security indices on a document, where the number of security elements that must be checked is different between devices. This is aimed at achieving the different verification criteria corresponding to the expenses that can be allocated and the security elements that can be verified.

The proposed purpose is achieved by describing the invention which is given hereafter.

The structure of the security elements for the documents to be verified provides a new design, which does not stand out in the visual examination, but is oriented according to the verification process. This design - later defined as a functional design - is the combination of electrically conductive and insulating structures of identical or different thickness, located in the same plane

R0118987 Β1 or different planes, with the same or different conductivities and is made of metallic structures and / or electrically conductive printing inks or paints. Through the multiple possibilities of realization and the diverse composition, the functional design receives in all the security elements that can be distinguished a coding function and with this it is verifiable codified. 150 The functional design may, according to the invention, be a security element with optical diffraction effect or may consist of inks or colors with electrical conductivity. If it is made as a security element with optical diffraction effect, it can coincide with the optical design, thus visually perceivable and can even support it in its optical design. The implementation of holograms and other security elements with optical diffraction effect, for certificates 155 and other securities, as well as for banknotes to prevent counterfeiting, is becoming more and more frequent today. Such documents are, for example, German brand banknotes from the 1996 series, which, in addition to the electrically conductive security bands, also have a security element with optical diffraction effect in the form of a cinegram. 160

Print colors with electrical conductivity are also known. These colors are used in the various printed images, especially on banknotes in structures within a security index and, as a result of the low resolution of the usual verification devices, they do not allow to distinguish, respectively the recognition, the structures. This raises the security against document forgery. Thus, for example, the numbering of banknotes 165 or other graphic details could consist of these colors. Structures, according to the invention, located in the test areas, respectively in the images printed with electrically conductive ink, have, in addition to the known printing surfaces, more or less whole, those with at least one verifiable security element in the form of a bar, grid, arc and / or circle with a line width <5mm. These security elements are at the same time an encoding of information; 170 which are recognized and evaluated by means of the devices according to the invention. In order to extend the described coding and to increase the security of the verification, according to the invention, good electrically conductive inks with different conductivities and shades of color are used, which can, for example, be stretched in layers of different thicknesses, so as to obtain various encodings from the conductivity. different electricity. 175

Inks with their different conductivities - as described by the variety of colors and / or their different thicknesses - serve for encoding and thus increase the security against counterfeiting. Starting from here, the encodings resulting from the different conductivities of the colors are further combined as security standard with security elements with optical diffraction effect. By using the capacitive coupling, the electrical conductivity of the 180 discontinuous metallization layers or the partial metallic layers or the metal layers zones of different planes is evaluated to test the authenticity of the documents with optical layers with optical diffraction effect. The signals obtained from this evaluation are combined with the coding signals of the color evaluation and transmitted in the form of a unitary verification signal, to the electronic evaluation part. 185

The device for checking the indices described in accordance with the invention has a capacitive scanner. This scanner consists of several emission electrodes placed side by side and a receiving electrode placed parallel to this arrangement. This small electrode surface scanner has the advantage of having a smaller capacitive coupling between the individual electrodes compared to the large electrode surface sensors. The scanner is 190 so placed in a document processing machine that the optical or mechanical sensors existing in ordinary document processing machines activate the verification device according to the invention. In order to reduce detection and measurement errors, a sensor holder, which includes all the sensors for verification, is preferably used. Distances between sensors are minimized. This minimization of the distance between sensors is necessary to reduce the change of position of the objects to be checked, for example banknotes,

RO 118987 Β1 because in the passage of banknotes through the machine the position of the banknote changes due to its condition, the degree of wear of the machine, as well as the environmental conditions, especially the temperature and humidity of the air. By the wrong entry of the banknote, the distance between the banknotes changes. An oblique circulation of the banknotes may also be due to the wear of the transport rollers and bearings, and this also means that a banknote that has been caught upright during the transport. This unwanted change of position has the consequence that the behavior defined in time is disturbed and thus false rejections occur. The smaller the verification areas, the more problematic their detection. Due to the small differences in conductivity between the insulating substrate and, for example, electrically conductive ink, the device according to the invention has a pressing device. This pressing device is necessary because the distance between the emitting electrodes and the receivers is very small and so the probability of a flat test area of ​​the banknote sweeping the sensor is small. However, the pressing device must be very low for the banknote. A pressing device preferably consists of a foil which is divided from fragment to fragment, into segments. As an alternative to this, brushes are also suitable, with the observation that the resistance is very low for the banknote, as strongly wrinkled banknotes are accepted. This pressing device guides the document parallel to the scanner, respectively pressing the test document on the scanner preferably. Further the axes of the transport rollers are connected to the mass of documents by means of sliding contacts. With these additional shields and the pressing device, the repeatable verification premises are guaranteed for a uniform distance and contact between the banknotes and the operation of the sensor is significantly improved. The electrical control of each electrode is carried out in time, that is by means of an electronic control part, with a switching frequency in the field of kilohertz and above. The electronic control part contains as main components besides the power supply: a multiplexer, an oscillator for supplying energy for the emitting electrodes and an oscillator for controlling the multiplexer.

In the case of the electrical conductivity between the emitted electrode being commanded and the receiving electrode, the energy of the emitting electrode commanded is capacitively coupled. The signal curve at the receiving electrode is transformed into a corresponding image of the signal. The signal image depends on the structure of the conductive layer of the security element. An electronic evaluation part, which follows the receiving electrode, compares the signal image of the object to be checked with corresponding reference signals. The electronic evaluation part consists essentially of a power supply, an amplifier, a demodulator, a comparator, a memory microprocessor, as well as filters for filtering foreign or disturbing signals.

In memory, in addition to the microprocessor software, the images of the reference signals are stored, which, depending on the index to be checked, are compared with the image of the leaked signal of the document to be checked. Since the scanner exceeds the total width of the document, each electrical conductive indication is sensed with a device according to the invention. Comparison with the images of the reference signals provides a classifier signal for further processing, it could be appropriate to sort and remove a document recognized as false by the fact that the verification device is stopped or the banknote transport path is diverted. To reduce disruptive influences, the sensor support is compactly coupled with a board on which the control and evaluation electronics are located.

The entire verification device is located inside the document processing machines, so the space requirement is kept quite low. The transmitting and receiving electrodes are placed above and below the documents in such a way as to ensure

R0118987 Β1 a safe sweep. This is done, for example, with the help of the belts or in the area of ​​the rotary mechanisms so that, during transport, the document is pressed on the transmitting and receiving electrodes. For color models with reduced conductivity differences, the press rollers or pressing devices described above, whose axes are additionally coupled with the mass of the documents, find application. 250 With respect to the variation of the order of the electrodes, the invention proposes the placement of a long emitter electrode, parallel to a succession of several receiving electrodes placed side by side; In this case, the received signals are processed through a multiplexer. The following electronic assessment part corresponds to the one already discussed.

Another configuration of the transmitting and receiving electrodes is characterized by the fact that 255 more transmitting and receiving electrodes are placed side by side and / or in a row. Both the command and the reception of the signals are processed according to the multiplexing and demultiplexing procedure.

In the case of use in handheld devices, they contain corresponding analogous devices for transporting the document or scanner, whose operation resembles 260 with the operation of the transport devices of copiers, optical photo scanners or fax machines.

Alternatively, a device is provided here that defines, by means of the stop elements, the position of the capacitive scanner of the verification device according to the invention, relative to the document. 265

In order to verify, according to the proposed purpose, a defined number of security indices of a document, the device has a different number of transmitting electrodes respectively reception placed. The higher the resolution achieved, the more security elements and hard-to-fake encodings can be tested. In this way, simple, easy-to-handle and conveniently-priced 270-day handheld devices can be manufactured in a simple, easy-to-use and convenient way, in which the presence of safety indices, for example a simple safety wire, is verified. Higher resolution devices allow the verification of additional security clues without being able to recognize them all. This is done through simple microprocessor software, which is only sensitive for certain security clues and is not public. Higher resolution with corresponding software modeled for microcontroller, allows to check all the security indications.

This costly verification is used, for example, by manufacturers of such security indices and users with very high security, in order to obtain the best test results; In this way, various conductivities can be accurately recognized. 280 In the whole system of use of the indices and devices described for the purpose of verifying objects, documents, especially banknotes, the problem is also posed, according to the invention, to realize an image recognition and a state control of the banknotes. Image recognition by electrical conductivity test indices is possible by means of encoding, namely an independent encoding or as an auxiliary means, which serve for sorting purposes, a coding for determining the value steps and a coding for determining authenticity. In the case of independent coding, there is no additional test indication and the electrical conductivity test index must be clearly and unambiguously identifiable, for example, the banknote position, so as to minimize the rate of incorrect rejections. In the case of an auxiliary coding there are additional indications, and the coding 290 serves as a reference means in case an incorrect rejection has been recognized. A state check is performed with the aid of a verification device according to the invention, namely that the conductivity of a test index allows conclusions to be drawn on the state of the note, as a heavily worn note also leads as

RO 118987 Β1 shows the experience, at a wear of the pattern conductors with electrical conductivity and thus modifies the electrical conductivity. Each degree of wear is classified by software. In this way, banknotes with a certain degree of wear can be sorted. This degree of wear is expressed, for example, by a partially damaged OVD, a broken banknote and thus a damaged security clue or an over-sized motorized banknote, which has been broken within a security clue. As a result, there are many possibilities for a combination of authenticity, image recognition and status control. In addition to the optical realization of the verification zones on an object to be tested, it must, as described above, that the security structures according to the invention be provided with encodings which, in a mathematical relation to each other, for example they form a sum, they result in a main code, which, in turn, determines the authenticity, status or sort of a particular banknote, together with a respective signal, code derived from the synchronous verification of the authenticity of a security wire and / or from the verification, also synchronous, of an OVD.

Apart from the claims, the features of the invention also result from description and drawings, where either individually or more in the form of sub-combinations, the features represent advantageous and need-protected variants, for which patent protection is claimed here. Following are examples of embodiments of the invention, with reference to FIG. 1 ... 8, which represents:

- Fig. 1, schematic representation of a document with printing ink with electrical conductivity and OVD;

- Fig. 2, block diagram of a verification device;

- Figure 3-5, schematic representation of various scanners;

- fig.6-8, schematic representations of the scanners and of a structured security index.

Fig.1 shows a document with a chromotype 1, with electrical conductivity and an OVD 2. An additional coding results from the intentional combination of the different security elements. This increases the security of verification. The figure shows the schematic structure of a chromotype 1, having electrical conductivity, in which alternating zones in the form of conductive strips 3 and insulators 4 alternate. The zones 3,4, in the top view, in the form of bands, go parallel with the direction of transport of document. OVD 2 consists of a metallic layer 5, the zones 6 as a demetallized strip and parallel to the direction of transport of the document, as well as a demetallized zone 7, perpendicular to the direction of transport of the document. Further, Fig. 1 shows the schematic representation of the scanner 8 with several emitting electrodes 9 and a receiving electrode 10.

Fig. 2 shows the block diagram of the verification device according to the invention, consisting of an electronic control part, a scanner 8 with capacitive functioning and an electronic evaluation part. The control electronics comprises, in addition to the supply side, a demultiplexer 17, an oscillator 11, for supplying energy for the emitting electrodes, and an oscillator 12, for controlling the demultiplexer. The electronic evaluation part consists mainly of a power supply, an amplifier 13, a demodulator 14, a comparator 15, a micrococessor 16, with memory, as well as filters for removing foreign and disruptive signals.

in a sensor holder are emitted and received electrodes by casting. They form over the entire width of the document a capacitive scanner 8. The receiving electrode in the form of a tape is perpendicular to the direction of penetration of the document. The emitting electrodes are placed parallel to the receiving one. The distance of an emitting electrode from the receiving one is determined by the test indices with

RO 118987 Β1 electrical conductivity specific to the document. By the adjacent placement of several emitting electrodes, it is possible that several indices with electrical conductivity can be detected simultaneously on the longitudinal axis of the capacitive scanner. The resolution achievable with this arrangement depends on the number of emitting electrodes used; In this embodiment, the resolution at which it can be wiped is on both the longitudinal and transverse axis is one point per mm. The minimum distance between neighboring emitting electrodes is limited by the disruptive capacitive coupling. In order to counteract this and to eliminate the disruptive influences of the neighboring emitting electrodes, they are successively ordered 350 through a multiplexer 17. By placing the emitting electrodes over the full width of the document penetration, the verification of documents is done regardless of position. This means that it is no longer necessary to press several documents on a machine for processing them.

Fig. 3 shows the schematic representation of the scanner 8 with several emitting electrodes 355 and a receiving electrode 10. The order and the evaluation are done according to the block diagram of fig. 2. FIG. 4 shows the schematic representation of an embodiment of the capacitive-functioning scanner with an emitter electrode 18 and several receiving electrodes 19. As a modification to the block diagram of FIG. 2, the emitting electrode 18 is controlled by the oscillator. The signals of the receiving electrodes 19 are processed by means of the multiplexer. The electronic part 360 of evaluation following, consisting of the power supply, an amplifier, a demodulator, a comparator, a microprocessor with memory, such as the transmitters 20, as well as the evaluation signals of the receiving electrodes 21, are processed properly by a respective multiplexing process. demultiplexing. Fig. 6 up to 8 present the schematic representations of the scanners 33,34,35 and of a structured security index 36. The structure of this security index 365 consists of a security element 37, in an annular form, a security element in the form of a tape. 38 and two rectangular security elements 39.40. The security elements 37,38,39 consist of electricity conducting ink, while the security element 40 is optically similar to the element 39, but does not have electrical conductivity. This raises the certainty of the verification, as it is not possible to visually perceive which security clues are on a document. The simple, hand-held devices contain a scanner 33 according to fig. 6. The resolution is so low that it can be found only the security element in the form of a tape 38. Such handheld devices can be used in everyday life, because they are simple to manufacture, easy to handle and convenient as a price. Higher resolution devices, according to fig. 7, contain a 375 scanner 34 and allow, in addition to the verification of a tape-shaped security element 38, and the verification of additional security elements, in this case a ring-shaped security element 37. The rectangular-shaped security elements 39, 40 are not tested. This is achieved by a simple microprocessor software that is only sensitive to certain security elements. The elements 39.40 are not present in the memory as images of reference signals.

A higher resolution with a properly modeled software for the microcontroller is shown in fig. 8. It allows the verification of all the security indices, that is, the rectangular security elements 39.40.

In order to achieve the purpose underlying the invention, namely to propose a new 385 application system for test indices, test methods and devices and for the respective knowledge to make known faster the functioning of the verification process and the devices, further explains the use of security indices, areas and structures to be verified by properly applying the method and including devices according to the invention. 390

In the following examples it is desired to present the application of the invention. For the wide application of the invention, it is necessary to establish groups of verifiers who acquire, according to the proposed purpose, certain knowledge about the verification system and who, using the prescribed verification technique, perform in particular the verification of authenticity, but also the image recognition and the verification of the state. The application of the system is explained starting from groups A, B and C.

Group A

As the state banks know, the active security indices are made known, so that the user himself can perform a check according to the instructions. This information refers to both verification methods applied with aids and to those that are applied without them. According to the invention, the scan sensor can be mounted in a handheld device. With this handheld device and a special software, an electrical conductivity check can be performed. The software is so modified that, when passing the banknote over the optical sensors, the scanner is activated, and then the passage length is measured. The electrical conductivity of the chromotype must be here at a definite value. With the help of optical sensors, the end of the banknote is determined and the scan sensor is deactivated. Thus, the position of the electrical conductivity test area on the test object can be ascertained. The data is compared and evaluated with the data stored through the controller.

Group B

Group B has machines for banknote processing. These machines are equipped with special sensors for detecting different indications. Currently, these machines are equipped with sensors for the optical field and / or for proving magnetic characteristics and / or testing with capacitive sensor to measure the passage length. With these capacitive sensors it is possible to detect the existence of indices with electrical conductivity greater than 6 mm. They do not allow the detection of several test areas with electrical conductivity on the passage width; In addition, the detection of different electrical conductivities in the test areas is not possible. Neither structures within a test area can be detected. But through the scan sensor described, these checks are possible, so this group B can perform a higher check. The machines can perform the verification by means of the special functional chromotypes and the verification devices with software modified according to the invention. The software for group B is so designed that the scanning sensor is activated through the optical sensors and then the ring-shaped security element 37 and the band-shaped security element 38 are read. The conductivity value is set here.

Deviations above or below 30% are rejected.

The scan sensor is deactivated and evaluated with optical sensors.

Group C

The software is designed in such a way that all the checks to be checked are recognized.

The scan sensor is activated via optical sensors. The passage length and width are recognized for the structured security index 38, the ring-shaped security element 37, the band-shaped security index 38, the rectangular security index 39, as well as the rectangular security index 40 as a non-conductive element. The electrical conductivity is required, and the deviations of 30% greater and smaller are rejected.

In combination with other physical features, combined verification raises the security standard.

The achievements to date for Group C are to be specified below.

Group C has a complete software version, respectively the highest hardware, so that all data structures and dimensions of the field to be checked can be detected.

RO 118987 Β1

As a further coding, the rectangular verification element 39, 440 is performed as a clue pattern for the different physical sizes.

One possibility of coding consists in the realization of the rectangular verification element 39 as a high valence fluorescence index. This means that this verification element is stimulated with a light source, and after extinguishing the light source, reminiscence (duration of persistence) is investigated. An optical sensor activates the test sensors at 445 banknote passage.

The test sensors consist of an optical sensor and a scanning sensor for the detection of electrically conductive test fields. The optical sensor contains a light source and a receiver. The object to be checked is illuminated for a definite time. Then, at the receiver, the reminiscence of the clues of the clues is measured. This reminiscence is a coding. At the presence of the optical index, the capacitive scanning sensor is activated. Individual verification is also possible.

Another possibility of verification consists in the realization of the rectangular check element 39 as a fluorescent index with different color emissions. This means that the pattern of the index is illuminated with the frequency of light a and the color tone of * is emitted. At a source of Ju-455 mine with frequency b the color tone b * appears. An optical sensor activates the verification sensors, which consist of an optical sensor and a capacitive scan. The optical sensor consists of two light sources of different frequencies. With special filters you may only need one filter. Another possibility of verification is the use of a light source, but of two separate receivers, with previously connected filters. The optical sensor activates the capacitive scanning sensor in the presence of the optical index. And here an individual verification is possible.

A third possibility of verification consists in executing the rectangular verification element 39 with a magnetic chromotype. When passing the banknote, an optical sensor activates the verification sensor which consists of a magnetic reading head and the capacitive scanning sensor. The magnetic reading head can detect the presence of encoding. When the magnetic index is present, the scan sensor is activated.

A fourth possibility of verification is the realization of the rectangular verification element 39, with a conductivity 50% lower than the ring-shaped security element 37, respectively, the band-shaped security element 38. To detect 470, special software is needed, which is accessible only to this group. When further conductivity decreases, a static measurement is required, for which a banknote-to-bank verification device is required.

Especially when applied in groups B and C, the entire verification system is variable and, especially for the verification for the euro, it can be adapted according to the nation, for the fulfillment of the proposed purpose. Because the security index to be checked, for example in euro, is the same in all states, it can be modified nationally and vary successively over time, depending on the points of interest, both the verification method and the verification devices.

The use of the security elements and the verification devices as described above 480 is performed as follows: image recognition can be performed by means of metallizations coded according to the proposed purpose. This image recognition can be used for a variety of purposes, especially for sorting, determining value steps or establishing authenticity. Another advantage of the verification method is the state control. Measuring the electrical conductivity allows 485 to draw conclusions about the state of the banknote paper. Heavily used paper will greatly reduce electrical conductivity.

In the present invention, the structure of the security elements and a device for verifying such elements have been explained, based on the concrete embodiments. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the details of the description in the exemplary embodiments, since, within the claims, requests are made for variants and modifications. The right combination between the security elements with optical diffraction effect and other good electricity conducting indices makes another coding result, while other electrical conductivity verification indices can be classified, by using the verification device according to the invention, such as , for example, a security thread.