Elastoplastic polyolefin compositions

MEMORY ..... DESCRIPTION

The present invention relates to highly flexible elastoplastic polyolefin compositions and the process for their preparation.

It is known that polyolefin compositions having elastic properties can be obtained while maintaining good thermoplastic behavior (ie which can be made into finished products using the same techniques as thermoplastic polymers) by sequential propylene copolymerization containing optionally smaller amounts of olefin comonomers, and then mixtures of ethylene / propylene or ethylene / α-olefin.

For this purpose, catalysts based on halogenated titanium compounds supported on magnesium chloride.

Given the growing practical interest for such compositions due, among other things, to the valuable properties that are typical of polyolefins (such as chemical inertness, mechanical properties and non-toxicity), there is an increasing effort in the art to extend the use of such polyolefins. compositions to many different fields.

European published polymerization compositions application 400 333, describes sequentially obtained polyolefin and 1 astoplastics comprising:

A) 10-60 parts by weight of a crystalline propylene polymer or copolymer;

B) 10-40 parts by weight of a xylene-insoluble ethylene-containing polymer fraction at room temperature;

C) 30-60 parts by weight of a soluble xylene soluble ethylene / propylene copolymer fraction at room temperature.

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These compositions are flexible and have valuable elastic properties, as demonstrated by the low flexural modulus values ​​(less than 700 MPa, and typically greater than 200 MPa) associated with good hardening values, but have no optical characteristics (transparency). particularly good ..

It has also been found that good transparency characteristics can be obtained in compositions prepared by sequential polymerization when the crystalline polymer content produced in the first polymerization step is relatively high, impairing the elasticity and flexibility properties.

For example, published European patent application 373,660 discloses sequentially polymerized polypropylene compositions containing (A) 70 to 98 wt% of a crystalline propylene copolymer and (B) 2 to 30 wt% of a elastomeric ethylene copolymer with propylene and / or another α-olefin whose xylene-soluble portion has an intrinsic viscosity that satisfies a particular correlation with that of the crystalline copolymer.

compositions, although a high modulus given the high content

However, these optics are also greater than 600 MPa), (A).

have good flexural qualities (typically in crystalline copolymer

Accordingly, there is a need for elastoplastic polyolefin compositions that are even more flexible (ie, have lower flexural modulus values) than products already available. It is also desirable that said compositions have good optical qualities.

In fact, flexible polymer materials are widely used for a variety of applications, such as in the medical field (for example in the production of containers for plasma or intravenous solutions, or phleboclysis tubes), as well as for packaging, for calendered materials. or for the coating or

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-5wiring by extrusion of wires and electric cables.

In many of these applications vinyl chloride polymers containing suitable plasticizers are presently used which are necessary to give said polymers their desired flexibility characteristics.

However, said polymer products are subject to increasing criticism both for the suspected toxicity of the plasticizers they contain and because when incinerated they can disperse extremely toxic by-products such as dioxin in the atmosphere.

Accordingly, it would be very useful to replace said materials with products which, in addition to the desired flexibility and optionally transparency characteristics, would have the typical chemical inertness and non-toxicity of olefin polymers.

This invention provides a highly flexible elastoplastic polyolefin composition comprising, in parts by weight:

A) .10-50, preferably 10-40 and more preferably 20-35 of a propylene homopolymer with an isotactic index greater than 80, preferably 85 to 98, or a propylene-ethylene copolymer, a CH 2 = CHR α -olefin where R is a 2-8 carbon alkyl radical or combinations thereof, copolymer containing approximately 85%, preferably 90 to 99% by weight propylene, and having an isotactic index greater than 80;

B) 5-20, preferably 7-15, of a fraction of xylene-insoluble ethylene-containing copolymer at room temperature;

C) 40-80, preferably 50-70, of an ethylene and (i) propylene or (ii) another CH 2 = copolymer fraction^;CHR α-olefin where

R is a 2-8 carbon alkyl radical, or (iii) a combination thereof, optionally with a smaller amount of a diene.

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Containing less than 40% by weight, preferably 20-38%, more preferably 25-38% by weight of ethylene, said fraction also being soluble in xylene at room temperature and having an intrinsic viscosity of 1.5 to 4 dl. / g, preferably from 1.7 to 3 dl / g;

with a weight percentage of the sum of fractions (B) and (C) with respect to the total polyolefin composition of 50% to 90%, preferably 65% ​​and 80%, and a weight ratio of (B) / (C) less than 0.4, preferably from 0.1 to 0.3.

The total amount of polymerized ethylene is preferably from 15% to 35% by weight.

The compositions have at least one DSC melting peak present at a temperature above 120 ° C and at least one glass transition peak present at temperatures of -10 ° C and -35 ° C.

Furthermore, said compositions have a flexural modulus of less than 150 MPa, generally 20 and 100 MPa; yield point of 3 to 20 MPa of tensile stress at failure, and breakage eiong of 10 to 20 MPa respectively and greater than 400%; a 75% eiong hardening, from 20% to 50%; Shore O hardness of 20 and 35; In addition, they do not break when an I.ZOD impact test is conducted at -50 ° C. Turbidity values ​​are preferably below 40%.

Propylene copolymers with ethylene or an α-olefin or a combination thereof are preferred components (A) because they impart high transparency to the compositions of the invention.

The compositions may be prepared by a polymerization process comprising at least two steps, wherein in the first step the important monomer (s) is polymerized to form component (A) and in the following steps mixtures of ethylene propylene, ethylene and another α-olefin, ethylene propylene and another α-olefin and

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Polymerization may occur in liquid phase, gas phase or liquid-gas phase.

For example, the propylene polymerization step may be carried out using liquid propylene as the diluent, and the next gas phase beakerization step without intermediate steps except for the degassing of propylene.

The polymerization of propylene to form component (A) may be carried out in. ethylene or an α-olefin, such as butene-1, pentene-1,4-methylpentene-1, hexene-1 and octeno-1, or combinations thereof, in such amounts that the isotactic index of the resulting component (A) is not less than 80%.

As previously mentioned, copolymerization of propylene and ethylene or another α-olefin or combinations thereof to form components (B) and (C) may occur in the presence of a diene, conjugated or not, such as butadiene, 1, 4-hexadiene, 1,5-hexadiene and ethylidenenorbornene-1.

diene when present is typically in an amount of 0.5 to 10% by weight relative to the weight of (B) + (C).

The reaction temperature in the polymerization step for the preparation of component (A) and that for the preparation of components (B) and (C) may be the same or different, and is usually from 40 ° C to 90 ° C, preferably 50 ° C. -80 ° C for the preparation of component (A), and 40-60 ° C for the preparation of components (B) and (C).

The pressure of the first step, if carried out in liquid monomer, is that which competes with the vapor pressure of the liquid propylene at the operating temperature used, and is possibly modified by the vapor pressure of the small amount of

<img file="PT98541B_D0003.tif" />

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Inert diluent is used to introduce the catalyst mixture, and by overpressure of optional monomers and hydrogen used as a molecular mass regulator.

The polymerization pressure, if carried out in liquid phase, may be indicatively from 507 to 3039 kPa (5 to 30 atm). Residence times for the two steps depend on the desired ratio between fraction (A) and (B) + (C), and are usually 15 min to 8 hours. Molecular mass regulators may use traditional chain transfer agents known in the art, such as hydrogen or ZnEt.₂.

The catalyst used in polymerization comprises the reaction product of a solid component containing a titanium compound and an electron donor compound (internal donor) supported on magnesium chloride, with an Al-trialkyl compound and an electron donor compound (external donor). ).

In order to obtain the flowable spherical particle compositions of the invention having high bulk density, it is important that the solid catalyst component has the following properties:

- surface area less than 100²m / g, preferably from 50 to 80 m²/ g.

- porosity: from 0,25 to 0,4 cm³/ g.

- X-ray spectrum: presence of halo at 2 L ^ angles of 33,5 ° and

35 °, and no reflection at - 14.95 °.

Catalyst component is prepared with the following processes.

A magnesium chloride adduct with alcohols, generally containing 3 moles of alcohol per mole of MgCl₂is obtained in spherical particles by emulsifying the adduct in the molten state into an inert immiscible liquid hydrocarbon with the adduct, and then cooling the emulsion very rapidly to cause a solidification of the adduct in the form of spherical particles.

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The particles are then partially de-alcoholized by a heating cycle at temperatures of 50 ° and 130 ° C, which brings the alcohol content from 3 to 1-1.5 moles per mole of MgCl3.₂0 The adduct is then suspended in cold TiCl3 (typically at 0 ° C) at a concentration of 40-50 g / l, and then brought to 80 ° -135 ° C where it is held for 1-2 hours.

An electron donating compound preferably selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl phthalates such as, for example, diisobutyl, di-n-butyl and di-n-octyl is added to TiCl3.

Excess TiCl3 is hot separated by filtration or sedimentation, and TiCl3 treatment is repeated one or more times; Thereafter, the solid is washed with heptane or hexane and then dried.

The catalyst component thus obtained has the following characteristics:

- surface area less than 100² m / g, preferably from 50 to 80²m / g

- porosity: from 0,25 to 0,4 cm³/ g.

a pore volume distribution where more than 50% of said pores have a radius of more than 100 8.

- X-ray spectrum: presence of a halo of maximum intensity at 2 V ^ angles of 33,5 ° and 35 °, and where there is no reflection at 2lf = 14,95 °.

A catalyst is obtained by mixing such catalyst component with an A1-trialkyl compound, in particular Al-triethyl and Al-trisobutyl, and an electron donor compound preferably selected from silane compounds of the formula R'R''Si (OR )₂ where R 'and R' 'are the same or different and are C1 alkyl radicals₁_₁₈, cycloalkylC3_₁₈ or arylC₆_₁₈and R is a C1 -C4 alkyl radical.

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Representative silanes are diphenyldimethoxy silane, dicyclohexyldimethoxy silane, methyl tert-butyldimethoxy silane, diisopropyldimethoxy silane, dicyclopentyl dimethoxy silane, cyclohexylmethyl dimethoxy silane.

Silane compounds such as phenyltriethoxy silane may also be used.

The Al-Ti ratio is generally from 10 to 200 and the silane / Al molar ratio from 1/1 to 1/100.

The catalysts may be pre-contacted with small amounts of olefin (prepolymerization) by holding the catalyst in a hydrocarbon solvent and polymerizing at ambient temperatures to 60 ° C, thereby producing a polymer amount of 0 ° C. 5 to 3 times the weight of the catalyst.

The operation may also take place in liquid monomer producing in this case an amount of polymer 1000 times the catalyst weight.

Using the above catalysts, the polyolefin compositions are obtained as spheroidal particles, said particle having an average diameter of about 0.5 to 7 mm.

Products obtainable from the polyolefin compositions of the present invention find application particularly in the medical, automotive, packaging and power cable coverage fields, as well as in the field of calendered materials.

Additives, fillers and pigments generally used for olefin polymers may also be used, such as, for example, nucleating agents, diluting oils, mineral fillers, organic and inorganic pigments.

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The data described in the examples and the relative specification for the following properties were determined according to the procedures given below.

Property.

- Fusion Flow Note (MFRL.)

- Ethylene% by weight

- Intrinsic Viscosity

- Soluble in xylene% by weight

- Flexural modulus at 23 ° C 'Glass transition temperature (Tg)

- Impact with IZOD cut

- turbidity

- Shore D hardness

- Hardening at 75%

- Tensile strength at breakage and yield

- surface area

- Porosity

- Apparently density

Process

ASTM-D 1238 Condition L

IR spectroscopy

Determined in tetrahydronaphthalene at 135 ° C (see note below)

Determined by a DMTA dynamic mechanical mechanical measuring device under the following conditions:

frequency measurement: 1 Hz;

Scanning temperature: 2 ° C / min. The polymer sample to be analyzed is made of a 40x10x2 mm plate taken from a sheet obtained by pressure molding with a Carver press at 200 ° C, 10 tonnes (pressure) for 10 minutes, and cooling to 15 ° C / min ASTM - 0 256

ASTM - D 1003

ASTM - D 2240

ASTM - D 412

ASTM - D 638

BET

BET

DIN - 53194

Unless otherwise specified, samples to be subjected to various physical and mechanical analyzes were molded using a Negri &amp; Bossi injection press.

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1290, after stabilization of the sample with XRGANOX hindered phenolic stabilizer^R .1010 (0.1 wt%) and ΒΙΊΤ (2.6 di-tert-butyl)

-p-cresol) (0.1 wt%) and pelletizing the sample with a single screw ESandera extruder (cylinder diameter 30 mm) at 210 ° C. The conditions were as follows:

- melt temperature 250 ° C;

- mold temperature 60C;

- injection time 20 sec;

- cooling time 25 sec.

The samples to be subjected to turbidity analysis were molded by means of a GBF G 235/90 injection press under the following conditions:

- melt temperature 260 ° C;

- mold temperature 40 ° C;

- injection time 20 sec;

- cooling time 10 sec.

The sample dimensions for the turbidity test are 75x75x1 mm.

The weight percentage of the sum of fractions (B) and (C), indicated as% (B + C), is calculated by determining the weight of the mixture introduced during the second step and comparing it with the weight of the final product.

The percentage by weight (%) of fractions (A), (B) and (C) described in the text is determined as follows:

% (A) - 100-% (B + C)% (c) = s_f-P_Thes_The where s_F and S_THE are the percentage by weight of the xylene soluble portion of the final product and fraction (A) respectively; P_THE is the weight ratio between said fraction (A) and the final product.

% (B) ~ 100 -% (A) -% (C)

The weight percent of ethylene contained in the copolymer fraction (C) which is soluble in xylene is calculated using the following formula:

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ç_F - Ç_ft . X% by weight of ethylene in fraction (C) = ------------------- 1 - X where:

Ç_F =% xylene soluble ethylene of final product;

Ç_THE =% xylene-soluble ethylene of fraction (A);

X = ^sTHE ^PTHE/^sF

The intrinsic viscosity of fraction (C) (VI_Ç) was calculated using the following formula:

(SAW_Ç) - (VIgp - VI_THE . X) / (l — X) where:

VIgp is the intrinsic viscosity of the xylene soluble fraction of the final composition;

- SAW_THE is the intrinsic viscosity of the xylene soluble fraction (A).

Note

DETERMINATION OF PERCENTAGE OF SOLUBLE IN XYLENE

2.5 g of polymer is dissolved in 250 ml xylene at 135 ° C under stirring. After 20 minutes the solution is cooled to 25 ° C with stirring and then allowed to stand for 30 minutes. The precipitate is filtered with filter paper; The solution is evaporated under a stream of nitrogen, and the residue is dried under vacuum at 80 ° C to constant weight. The weight percent of xylene soluble polymer is then calculated at room temperature. The weight percentage of xylene insoluble polymer at room temperature is considered to be the isotactic index of the polymer. This value substantially corresponds to the isotactic index determined by extraction with boiling n-heptane which by definition constitutes the isotactic index of polypropylene72 950.

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-14EXEMPLQS

GENERAL OPERATING CONDITIONS

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The tests are performed on a 22 liter stainless steel autoclave equipped with a helical magnetic stirrer, operating at about 90 rpm.

The gas phase is continuously analyzed with a process gas phase chromatograph to determine the ethylene, propylene and hydrogen content. During polymerization, ethylene, propylene and hydrogen are introduced such that their concentration in the gas phase is kept constant.

The operation is discontinued in two steps: the first step is the polymerization of propylene with ethylene in liquid monomer and the second is the copolymerization of ethylene and propylene in gas phase. A) 1st step:

In the autoclave at 20 ° C, 16 liters of liquid propylene, appropriate amounts of ethylene and hydrogen, as shown in Table IA, and the catalyst complex consisting of a solid component (about 0.15 g) prepared as described, are introduced in this order. below is a mixture of 75 ml Al-triethyl (TEAL) at a concentration of 10% in hexane and an appropriate amount of cyclohexymethyl-dimethoxy silane donor (CMMS), so that the molar ratio Al / CMMS is = 7, 5 0 Catalyst system is introduced into the autoclave with propylene pressure. The temperature is raised to 70 ° C in about 10 minutes and kept constant throughout the polymerization process.

After a predetermined period of time, essentially all unreacted monomer (s) are eliminated by degassing at 60 ° C at atmospheric pressure.

Β) 2nd step:

After a sample is removed in order to perform the various analyzes, the polymer of the first step is brought to a predetermined temperature. Then, in this order,

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Propylene and ethylene in the ratio and amount to achieve the pre-established gas phase composition.

During polymerization, the pressure and gas phase composition are kept constant by introducing an ethylene-propylene mixture with the same composition as the desired copolymer by means of instruments which regulate and / or measure the flow rate. introduction depends on the reactivity of the catalyst system and the amount of copolymer to be produced.

At the end of the polymerization, the particulate polymer is discharged, stabilized as described above and dried in a 60 ° C nitrogen stream. The catalyst component used is made from an MgCl adduct₂-3C₂H_sQH prepared as follows:

28.4 g of MgCl are introduced.₂ anhydrous, 49.5 g pure anhydrous ethanol, 1.00 ml ROL OB / 30 liquid petroleum jelly and 100 ml silicone oil (viscosity 350 cs) in a flask immersed in a thermoregulated bath at 120 ° C under agitation in an inert atmosphere , up to MgCl₂ be completely dissolved. The mixture is then transferred hot, always under an inert atmosphere, into a 150 ml vessel fitted with a heating jacket and containing 150 ml liquid petroleum jelly and 150 ml silicone oil. The mixture is kept at 120 ° C and under stirring and subsequently performed with an Ultra Turrax T-45 N Hanke &amp; Kunkel KG shaker. Ika Werke. Said stirring is continued for 3 minutes at 3000 rpm. The mixture is discharged into a 2 liter vessel containing 1,000 ml of stirred anhydrous n-heptane and cooled so that the final temperature does not exceed 0 ° C. MgCl microspheres₂The thus obtained 3 EtOH are filtered and dried under vacuum at room temperature. The dry adduct obtained in this manner is then de-alcoholized by heating at gradually increasing temperatures from 50 ° C to 100 ° C under nitrogen stream until the alcohol content is 1.5 moles per mole MgCl₂0 partially de-alcoholized adduct has a surface area

9.1 m / g and apparent density = 0.564 g / cm \

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25 g of said adduct, under stirring at 0 ° C, is added to 625 ml of TlCl3. The mixture is then heated at 100 ° C for 1 hour. When the temperature reaches 40 ° C, diisobutyl phthalate is added in an amount such that the Mg / phthalate molar ratio of; diisobutyl = 8. The resulting mixture is heated at 100 ° C for a further 2 hours, then allowed to stand and the liquid is siphoned off. 550 ml of TiCl are added₄ and the mixture is heated at 120 ° C for 1 hour.

She siphon. The anhydrous to anhydrous water is allowed to stand and the liquid is removed hot by

<td>solid is washed 6</td><td>times</td><td>using</td><td> 200</td><td>ml</td><td>in</td><td>hexane</td>

<td>60 ° C, and three times</td><td>roais</td><td>using</td><td> 200</td><td>ml</td><td>in</td><td>hexane</td>

<td>room temperature</td><td> .</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

After drying under vacuum, the solid has the following characteristics:

porosity - 0,261 cm 3 / g;

- surface area = 66.5 ^ m / g

- bulk density ~ 0.55 g / cm³.

All analyzes performed and the relative operating conditions are shown in Tables IA and 1B.

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(Follows Table IA)

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<td rowspan="2">Examples</td><td rowspan="2"> —</td><td rowspan="2">TABLE ϊ 1</td><td colspan="4">IA</td>

<td> 1 ²</td><td> 3</td><td> 4</td><td> 1 ⁵</td>

<td>stage wool</td><td></td><td> 1 1</td><td> 1 1</td><td></td><td></td><td> 1 1</td>

<td>Temperature</td><td>° C</td><td> | 70</td><td> 1 ⁷⁰</td><td> 70</td><td> 70</td><td> | 70</td>

<td>Pressure</td><td>atm</td><td> 1 31</td><td> | 31</td><td> 31</td><td> 31</td><td> 1 ³¹</td>

<td>Time</td><td>min</td><td> | 30</td><td> | 20</td><td> 30</td><td> 30</td><td> | 30</td>

<td>H₂ in the gas phase</td><td>% mol</td><td> ( 0,58</td><td> | 0,10</td><td> 0,30</td><td> 0,49</td><td> | 0,22</td>

<td>Ethylene in the phase</td><td>% mol</td><td> | 1,45</td><td> | 2,60</td><td> 2,50</td><td> 1,96</td><td> | 1,70</td>

<td>gaseous</td><td></td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td><td></td><td></td><td> 1</td>

<td>Ethylene in.</td><td>% Weight</td><td> | 3,0</td><td> | 4,3</td><td> 4,1</td><td> 3,8</td><td> | 3,9</td>

<td>Check it out. Intr.</td><td>dl / g</td><td> | 2,18</td><td> | 3,09</td><td> 2,31</td><td> 2,54</td><td> | 2,72</td>

<td>Sol. Xil./(S_THE)</td><td>% Weight</td><td> | 9,4</td><td> | 9,0</td><td> 10,7</td><td> 11,0</td><td> | 12,5</td>

<td>Ethylene in</td><td></td><td> | 11</td><td> | 16</td><td> 17</td><td> 22</td><td> | 20</td>

<td>Sol. Xi 1. (c_THE</td><td> )</td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td><td></td><td></td><td> 1</td>

<td>Visc. Intr. Sun.</td><td>dl / g</td><td> | 1,15</td><td> | 1,39</td><td> 1,19</td><td> 1,28</td><td> | 1,32</td>

<td>Xíl. (VIA</td><td> )</td><td> 1 1</td><td> 1 1</td><td></td><td></td><td> 1 4</td>

<td>2nd phase</td><td></td><td>1 f</td><td> 1 1</td><td></td><td></td><td> 1 1</td>

<td>Temperature</td><td>° C</td><td> 1 50</td><td> ) 50</td><td> 50</td><td> 50</td><td>already 50</td>

<td colspan="2">Pressure (relative) atm</td><td> ) 11,3</td><td> | 11,5</td><td> 11,3</td><td> 11,3</td><td> | 11,3</td>

<td>Time</td><td>min</td><td>J 335</td><td> ) 500</td><td> 250</td><td> 250</td><td> (260</td>

<td>H₂ in the gas phase</td><td>% mol</td><td> | 2,23</td><td> | 3,0</td><td> 2,05</td><td> 2,2</td><td> | 2,1</td>

<td>Ethylene in the phase</td><td>% mol</td><td> | 15,9</td><td> | 16,9</td><td> 22,54</td><td> 18,65</td><td> | 18,9</td>

<td>gaseous</td><td></td><td> 1</td><td> 1</td><td></td><td></td><td> 1</td>

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TABLE 1B

<td>Examples</td><td></td><td></td><td>1 1 I</td><td> 1 ²-1</td><td>i ³I</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td>

<td>FINAL PRODUCT</td><td></td><td></td><td>1 l</td><td> 1 1</td><td> 1 1</td><td></td><td></td>

<td colspan="2">Yield Kg Pol / c</td><td>Cat</td><td> 1 ¹¹</td><td> | 16,3</td><td> | 9,9</td><td> 8,0</td><td> 9,1</td>

<td>Comonomer</td><td> %</td><td>Weight</td><td> | 24,6</td><td> | 22,7</td><td> | 29,0</td><td> 22,6</td><td> 25,5</td>

<td>Bipolymer (B + C)</td><td> %</td><td>Weight</td><td> 1 ⁷⁰</td><td> 1 ⁶⁷</td><td> | 71,8</td><td> 57</td><td> 66</td>

<td>Check it out. Intr.</td><td></td><td>dl / g</td><td> | 2,05</td><td> | 2,3</td><td> | 2,34</td><td> 2,42</td><td> 2,4</td>

<td>Sol. In Xil. (Sp)</td><td> %</td><td>Weight</td><td> | 63,4</td><td> | 60,5</td><td> | 63,5</td><td> 51,3</td><td> 60,5</td>

<td>Ethylene sunshine. Xyl. (Cp)</td><td> %</td><td>Weight</td><td> | 30,2</td><td> | 27,0</td><td> | 34,8</td><td> 31,2</td><td> 31,4</td>

<td colspan="2">Vis.In.sol.Xil VI SF</td><td>dl / g</td><td> | 1,83</td><td> | 2,02</td><td> | 2,12</td><td> 1,83</td><td> 1,98</td>

<td>Fraction B</td><td> %</td><td>Weight</td><td> | 9,45</td><td> | 9,37</td><td> | 11,34</td><td> 10,4</td><td> 9,75</td>

<td>Fraction C</td><td> %</td><td>Weight</td><td> | 60,55</td><td> | 57,63</td><td> | 60,46</td><td> 46,6</td><td> 56,15</td>

<td>Weak of Ethylene (B)</td><td> %</td><td>Weight</td><td> | 51,9</td><td> | 57,1</td><td> | 53,7</td><td> 52,9</td><td> 59,8</td>

<td>Weak of Ethylene (C)</td><td> %</td><td>Weight</td><td> | 31,1</td><td> | 27,6</td><td> | 35,7</td><td> 32,1</td><td> 32,3</td>

<td>Frac.Vis.In. (C) (IV^ç)</td><td></td><td>dl / g</td><td> | 1,86</td><td> | 2,05</td><td> | 2,18</td><td> 1,89</td><td> 2,03</td>

<td>Fusion point</td><td></td><td>° C</td><td> |150</td><td> (147</td><td> ,145</td><td> 144</td><td> 144</td>

<td>Bending module</td><td></td><td>MPa</td><td> | 30</td><td> 1 ⁷⁷</td><td> | 82</td><td> 106</td><td> 120</td>

<td>IZOO Impact at -50'C</td><td></td><td>J / m</td><td>| OB</td><td>| DB</td><td>(OB</td><td>OB</td><td>OB</td>

<td>Shore D hardness</td><td></td><td></td><td> 1 ²⁴</td><td> 1 ²⁵</td><td> | 20</td><td> 29</td><td> 24</td>

<td>75% hardening</td><td></td><td> %</td><td> 1 ⁴¹</td><td> | 28</td><td> | 36</td><td> 45</td><td> 38</td>

<td>Tensile stress</td><td></td><td>MPa</td><td> (13,8</td><td> ( 15,8</td><td> ( 15,4</td><td> 17,3</td><td> 16,4</td>

<td colspan="2">Strain tension in the assignment</td><td>MPa</td><td> | 5,0</td><td> | 5,8</td><td> | 4,6</td><td> 15,5</td><td> 6,1</td>

<td>Elongation at break</td><td></td><td> %</td><td> |517</td><td> 1925</td><td> |940</td><td> 410</td><td> 892</td>

<td>Turbidity</td><td></td><td></td><td> 1 ³¹</td><td> | 34</td><td>I 35</td><td> 36</td><td> 36</td>

<td>Trans Glass 1)</td><td></td><td>° c</td><td>I^-25</td><td> |-23</td><td> (-28</td><td> -31</td><td>n -d-</td>

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td>| (P)</td><td>| (P)</td><td>| (P)</td><td>(P)</td><td></td>

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td> |-75</td><td> |-119</td><td>I-81</td><td> -2</td><td></td>

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td> ,-128</td><td> 1</td><td> |-121</td><td> -125</td><td></td>

1) (P) = main peak DB = does not break

950

HM 4045