Electric hammer

Pattern description

The subject of the utility model is an electric hammer, which is used in plastic forming processes, for example in die forging.

Forging devices are known for forging metal materials, driven by compressed air, in which the beater, making a reciprocating movement, is vertically embedded in the guide body and terminated from below with an upper matrix. Under the rocker there is an anvil, optionally equipped with a bottom matrix. Both the beater and the anvil have a massive housing resistant to dynamic impacts with very high energy and are made as monolithic elements. Previously used hammers have low energy efficiency and limited ability to regulate force and impact energy.

It is known, for example from German Patent DE 2 318 626, a die forging press, having vertical pole guides, connected from above by a head plate, along which the beater moves up and down. According to the information provided in this patent, the beater can be driven, as an option, by a linear motor, controlled synchronously.

Designs of linear motors are widely known. For example, from the Polish patent application a linear multi-phase tubular motor is known, whose stator consists of segments of ferromagnetic material having coils, and the runner has alternately arranged ring magnets and ferromagnetic rings superimposed on a threaded ferromagnetic rod. The runner is covered with an austenic steel pipe, moving along with the entire runner inside the slide bearings, which in turn are secured against falling out by means of a ring cooperating with the stator housing. Practically used linear motors are primarily AC motors, characterized by large dimensions, high reactive power, small moments and low axial force, with a relatively delicate structure and considerable sensitivity to damage under dynamic loads.

The purpose of the utility model is to develop an electric hammer design that, while maintaining high energy efficiency of the linear motor, will allow the transmission of very high dynamic loads arising in the forging process.

The essence of the utility model is that the beater of the forging device is a runner of a DC linear motor, band-fed, and the stator of this linear motor is mounted in the device body with a vertical arrangement of the longitudinal axis. The stator has a coat of ferromagnetic and / or ferrimagnetic material, in which the coils are secured with an adhesive material of high mechanical strength, and at the good end has a protective element made of material of very high mechanical strength. The runner has from the outside, i.e. from the stator side, a durable layer made of a material of very high mechanical strength, from the bottom is terminated with an upper matrix, and from the top is equipped with a shock absorber cooperating with the upper closure of the forging device body. The runner also has at least one brake to hold in a certain position.

It is advantageous if the outer tread layer is in the form of a titanium sleeve.

In the simplest development, the brake has the form of a horizontal mandrel, slidably mounted along its axis to the body, cooperating with at least one hitch socket, which is equipped with a runner.

The main advantage of the hammer according to the utility model is the high energy efficiency of the device, associated with the simplicity of the device's design. Equipping the beater with a sleeve, protecting it against the effects of dynamic loads, as well as making a stator of adequate durability and strength, protects the device against simple damage and quick wear. At the same time, it is possible to reduce the dimensions of the forging device while ensuring all its operational parameters. At the same time, full safety of the employed staff is maintained by the possibility of introducing multiple protections in the scope of starting the runner. All in all, the use of such a hammer construction allows for a significant improvement in the economic parameters of the metal forming process.

The utility model is presented in the drawing, where a simplified demonstration of the electric hammer in front view is provided.

The hammer 1 has a body 2 placed on a stable base 3. The body 2 in the lower part has an anvil 4 with a lower matrix 5, over which the upper matrix 6 is placed, attached to the ram. 7. In the upper part of the body 2 in the cast 8 the motor stator 9a is mounted liner 9, which in a coat

PL 65 677 Y1 has coils 11 arranged one above the other secured with high-strength adhesive material in the form of epoxy resin.

The jacket 10 itself is made of ferromagnetic and / or ferrimagnetic material in the form of electrical steel and is mounted on a safety element 12 attached to the body 2 made of a material of very high mechanical strength. Inside the stator 9a slidably along the vertical axis O is mounted the runner 9b of the linear motor 9, constituting the hammer beater 1. The beater 9b is made of a material with high magnetic conductivity, for example steel with the trade name armco and has fixed magnets 13 covered from the outside with a top layer 14 of very high mechanical strength, for example in the form of a Kevlar sleeve. From above, the runner 9b has a shock absorber 15, which is coupled to the upper closure 16 of the body 2 of the hammer 1. The shock absorber 15 has an adjustable downforce on the body 2, for example in the form of a screw mechanism 17. In the part located below the safety element 12 of the stator 9a, the body 2 has a parking brake 18 in the form of a horizontal reciprocating rod 19 with reciprocating movement, cooperating with the seat 20 made in the runner 9b, which determines the position of the runner 9b, being a beater, in the rest position when the engine Linear 9 is not powered by electricity.