Heated aerosol-generating device and method for generating aerosol with consistent properties
Abstract
There is provided a method of controlling aerosol production in an aerosol-generating device, the device including: a heater including at least one heating element configured to heat an aerosol-forming substrate; and a power source for providing power to the heating element, including the steps of: controlling the power provided to the heating element such that in a first phase power is provided such that the temperature of the heating element increases from an initial temperature to a first temperature, in a second phase power is provided such that the temperature of the heating element drops below the first temperature, and in a third phase power is provided such that the temperature of the heating element increases again. Increasing the temperature of the heating element during a final phase of the heating process reduces or prevents the reduction in aerosol delivery over time.
Term
7.2 yearsto projected expiry
Projected expiry 17 December 2033, counted from filing; an application has no term until it is granted.
- Priority
- Filed
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- Today
- Projected expiry
21 claims: 11 independent, 10 dependent
- 1ZASTRZEŻENIA PATENTOWE 1. Sposób sterowania wytwarzaniem aerozolu w urządzeniu do tworzenia aerozolu, urządzenie zawiera:podgrzewacz zawierający co najmniej z jeden element grzejny (14) skonfigurowany do podgrzewania substratu do wytwarzania aerozolu (12);i źródło zasilania (16) dostarczające zasilanie do elementu grzejnego, charakteryzujący się etapami: sterowania zasilaniem dostarczonym do elementu grzejnego tak, że w pierwszej fazie zasilanie dostarczane jest tak, że temperatura elementu grzejnego wzrasta od temperatury początkowej do pierwszej temperatury, w drugiej fazie zasilanie dostarczane jest tak, że temperatura elementu grzejnego spada poniżej pierwszej temperatury, a w trzeciej fazie zasilanie dostarczane jest tak, że temperatura elementu grzejnego ponownie wzrasta.
- 2Sposób sterowania wytwarzaniem aerozolu według zastrz.1, znamienny tym, że etap kontrolowania zasilania dostarczanego do elementu grzejnego (14) jest przeprowadzany w taki sposób, aby utrzymać temperaturę elementu grzejnego w pożądanym zakresie temperatury w drugiej fazie i w trzeciej fazie.
- 3Sposób sterowania wytwarzaniem aerozolu według zastrz.1, znamienny tym, że pożądany zakres temperatury ma dolną granicę pomiędzy 240 a 340 stopni Celsjusza a górną granicę pomiędzy 340 a 400 stopni Celsjusza.
- 4Sposób sterowania wytwarzaniem aerozolu według któregokolwiek z poprzednich zastrz., znamienny tym, że pierwsza temperatura jest pomiędzy 340 a 400 stopni Celsjusza.
- 5Sposób sterowania wytwarzaniem aerozolu według któregokolwiek z poprzednich zastrz., znamienny tym, że pierwsza faza, druga faza lub trzecia faza mają wcześniej określony czas trwania.
- 6Sposób według któregokolwiek z poprzednich zastrz., znamienny tym, że pierwsza faza kończy się, gdy element grzejny (14) osiąga pierwszą temperaturę.
- 7Sposób według któregokolwiek z poprzednich zastrz., znamienny tym, że czas trwania drugiej fazy określony jest na podstawie całkowitej wartości zasilania dostarczonego do elementu grzejnego (14) podczas drugiej fazy.
- 8Sposób według któregokolwiek z poprzednich zastrz., znamienny tym, że ponadto zawiera wykrywanie zaciągnięć użytkownika w urządzeniu do wytwarzania aerozolu i przy czym pierwsza, druga lub trzecia faza kończą się po wykryciu wcześniej określonej ilości zaciągnięć.
- 9Sposób według któregokolwiek z poprzednich zastrz., znamienny tym, że, ponadto zawiera etap identyfikacji charakterystyki substratu tworzącego aerozol i przy czym etap sterowania zasilaniem jest regulowany w zależności od zidentyfikowanej charakterystyki.
- 10Sposób według któregokolwiek z poprzednich zastrz., znamienny tym, że, pierwsza, druga i trzecia temperatura jest wystarczająca, aby aerozol wytwarzany był w sposób ciągły podczas pierwszej, drugiej i trzeciej fazy.
- 11Sposób według któregokolwiek z poprzednich zastrz., znamienny tym, że, substrat do wytwarzania aerozolu (12) lub cześć substratu do wytwarzania aerozolu podgrzewana jest w sposób ciągły celem wytwarzania aerozolu przez okres dłuższy niż pięć sekund.
- 12Sposób według któregokolwiek z poprzednich zastrz., znamienny tym, że w trzeciej fazie temperatura elementu grzejnego (14) zwiększana jest w sposób ciągły.
- 13Elektrycznie zasilane urządzenie do wytwarzania aerozolu zawierające:co najmniej jeden element grzejny (14) skonfigurowany do podgrzania substratu do wytwarzania aerozolu (12);źródło zasilania (16) dostarczające zasilanie do elementu grzejnego;i obwody elektryczne (18) dla sterowania dostawą zasilania ze źródła zasilania do co najmniej jednego elementu grzejnego, charakteryzujące się tym, że obwody elektryczne są przystosowane do: sterowania zasilaniem dostarczonym do elementu grzejnego tak, aby w pierwszej fazie temperatura elementu grzejnego wzrastała od temperatury początkowej do pierwszej temperatury, w drugiej fazie temperatura elementu grzejnego spadała poniżej pierwszej temperatury, a w trzeciej fazie temperatura elementu grzejnego ponownie wzrastała, przy czym zasilanie jest stale dostarczane podczas pierwszej, drugiej i trzeciej fazy.
- 14Elektrycznie zasilane urządzenie do wytwarzania aerozolu według zastrz.13, znamienne tym, że obwody elektryczne (18) są skonfigurowane tak, że co najmniej jedna spośród pierwszej fazy, drugiej fazy i trzeciej fazy ma określony czas trwania.
- 15Elektrycznie zasilane urządzenie do wytwarzania aerozolu według zastrz.13 lub zastrz.14, znamienne tym, że zawiera ponadto środki do wykrywania zaciągnięć użytkownika w urządzeniu do tworzenia aerozolu, przy czym obwody elektryczne (18) są skonfigurowane tak, że co najmniej jedna z pierwszej, drugiej lub trzeciej fazy kończy się po wykryciu wcześniej określonej liczby zaciągnięć użytkownika.
- 16Elektrycznie zasilane urządz enie do wytwarzania aerozolu według zastrz.13, 14 lub 15, znamienne tym, że zawiera ponadto środki do identyfikacji charakterystyki substratu do wytwarzania aerozolu w urządzeniu i przy czym obwody elektryczne (18) zawierają pamięć przechowującą tablicę do wyszukiwań instrukcji sterowania zasilaniem oraz odpowiadające charakterystyki substratu do wytwarzania aerozolu.
- 17Elektrycznie zasilane urządzenie do wytwarzania aerozolu według któregokolwiek z zastrz. od 13 do 16, znamienne tym, że element grzejny jest umieszczony we wnęce (22) w urządzeniu, przy czym wnęka jest skonfigurowana do otrzymania substratu do wytwarzania aerozolu (12) tak, że podczas pracy element grzejny (14) jest w substracie do wytwarzania aerozolu.
- 18Elektrycznie zasilane urządzenie do wytwarzania aerozolu według któregokolwiek z zastrz. od 13 do 17, znamienne tym, że substrat do wytwarzania aerozolu (12) jest stałym substratem tworzącym aerozol.
- 19Układ do wytwarzania aerozolu zawiera elektrycznie zasilane urządzenie do wytwarzania aerozolu według któregokolwiek z zastrz. od 13 do 18 oraz wyrób do palenia, znamienny tym, że substrat do wytwarzania aerozolu (12) zawarty jest w wyrobie do palenia i przy czym, podczas zastosowania, wyrób do palenia częściowo znajduje się w urządzeniu do wytwarzania aerozolu.
- 20Program komputerowy, który gdy jest uruchomiony w programowanym obwodzie elektrycznym dla elektrycznie zasilanego urządzenia do tworzenia aerozolu powoduje, że programowany obwód elektryczny wykorzystuje sposób według zastrz.1.
- 21Komputerowy nośnik danych z możliwością odczytu, na którym gromadzi się dane programu komputerowego według zastrz.20. lecz Fig.2 Fig.3 dostawy Fig.4 dostawy Fig.6 V2 Fig.7 Fig.8
Independent claims21
102 paragraphs in 6 sections, as filed
European).
A HEATED PRODUCT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AEROSOL AND METHOD
MANUFACTURE OF AEROSOL WITH PERMANENT PROPERTIES
The present invention relates to an aerosol generating device and a method of producing an aerosol by heating the aerosol forming substrate. In particular, the invention relates to an apparatus and method for producing an aerosol from a substrate for aerosol formation with constant and desirable properties during a continuous or repeated heating of the aerosol forming substrate.
Aerosol generating devices that act by heating the aerosol forming substrate are known in the art and include, for example, heated smoking devices. WO2009 / 118085 describes a heated smoking device in which the substrate is heated to produce an aerosol, while the temperature is controlled so as to be within a desired temperature range for the combustion of the substrate. DE102007011120 discloses an electronically heated cigarette in which the heating device is controlled based on the detected air flow above the threshold value and in which the reduced level supply is delivered to the heater for a certain period of time, even after the airflow drops below the threshold value.
It is desirable for an aerosol generating device that it be able to produce an aerosol that is constant over time. This is especially the case when the aerosol is used for human consumption as in a heated smoking device. In devices where the consumable substrate has been prevented from being heated continuously or repeatedly, this can be difficult over time, because the properties of the aerosol forming substrate can be significantly changed by continuous or repeated heating, both in terms of the amount and distribution of ingredients boiling aerosol remaining in the substrate as well as the substrate temperature. In particular, the user of a continuously or repeatedly heated device may experience a loss of aroma, the taste and sensation of the aerosol when the substrate is depleted in an aerosol forming agent that carries nicotine, and in some cases, flavors. Therefore, a continuous aerosol delivery over time is ensured so that during the operation the first delivered dose of aerosol is substantially comparable to the last dose of the delivered aerosol.
The object of the present disclosure is to provide an apparatus for generating an aerosol and a system that provides an aerosol that is more uniform in its properties during a period of continuous or repeated heating of the aerosol generating substrate.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a method for controlling the production of an aerosol in an aerosol device, the device comprises:
a heater comprising at least one heating element configured to heat the aerosol forming substrate; and a power source for providing power to the heating element comprising the steps of:
control of the power supplied to the heating element such that in the first phase the power is supplied so that the temperature of the heating element increases from the initial temperature to the first temperature, in the second phase the power is supplied so that the temperature of the heating element decreases to a second temperature lower than the first temperature, and in the third phase the power is supplied so that the temperature of the heating element rises to a third temperature, higher than the second temperature.
The "aerosol generating device" as used herein refers to a device that interacts with a substrate for generating an aerosol to form an aerosol. The aerosol-forming substrate may be part of an aerosol-forming article, e.g. a part of a smoking article. The aerosol generating device may be a smoking device that interacts with a substrate for producing an aerosol of an aerosol-producing article to produce an aerosol that is directly inhaled into the user's lungs through the user's mouth. The device for producing the aerosol can be a handle.
As used herein, the term "aerosol-generating substrate" refers to a substrate capable of releasing volatile compounds that can form an aerosol. Such volatile compounds may be released by heating the aerosol-forming substrate. The aerosol-forming substrate may conveniently be part of an aerosol or smoking article.
As used herein, the terms "aerosol product" and "smoking article" refer to an article containing a substrate for the production of an aerosol that can release volatile compounds that can form an aerosol. For example, the aerosol generating article may be a smoking article that forms an aerosol that is directly inhaled into the user's lungs through the mouth of the user. The aerosol-generating article may be disposable. The term "smoking article" is generally used further. The smoking article may or may comprise a tobacco rod.
Existing aerosol generating devices that produce an aerosol by heating the substrate repeatedly or continuously are controlled by default so as to achieve a single constant temperature over time. However, with heating, the aerosol forming substrate is depleted, i.e. the amount of essential aerosol components is reduced in the substrate, which means reduced aerosol production at a given temperature. In addition, when the temperature in the aerosol forming substrate reaches a steady state, aerosol delivery will be reduced because the thermodiffusion effects are reduced. As a result, the aerosol delivery measured with respect to essential aerosol components such as nicotine in the case of heated smoking devices is reduced over time.
In this context, continuous or repeated heating means that the substrate, or part of the substrate, for generating the aerosol is heated for an uninterrupted period, typically more than 5 seconds, which can be extended to more than 30 seconds. In the context of a heated smoking device or other device in which the user draws a spray from this device, this means heating the substrate for a period including a plurality of user puffs, such that the aerosol is continuously produced regardless of whether the user draws from the device or not. not too. It is in this context that the depletion of the substrate becomes a significant problem.
This is the opposite of the pulse heating, in which a separate substrate, or part of the substrate, is heated throughout each user's puffing so that no part of the substrate is heated for more than one puff when the puff duration is about 2-3 seconds.
The terms "draw" and "inhalation" as used herein are used interchangeably, and are intended to mean a user's action involving the taking of an aerosol into the body through the mouth or nose. Inhalation involves the situation when the aerosol is sucked into the user's lungs, as well as when the aerosol is sucked into the mouth or nasal cavity of the user before being expelled from the user's body.
The first, second and third temperatures are selected so that the aerosol in the first, second and third phases is continuously generated. The first, second and third temperatures are preferably determined based on a range of temperatures that correspond to the volatilization temperatures of the aerosol forming agent present in the substrate. For example, if glycerine is used as the aerosol forming agent, then temperatures not lower than between 290 and 320 degrees Celsius (i.e., temperatures above the boiling point of glycerine) are used. In order to ensure that the temperature does not fall below the minimum allowable temperature, a power supply may be supplied to the heating element during the second phase.
In the first phase, the temperature of the heating element is raised to the first temperature at which the aerosol is generated from the aerosol generating substrate. In many devices and in heated smoking devices in particular, it is desirable to produce an aerosol with the desired ingredients as soon as possible after switching the device on. In order to satisfy the consumer using a heated smoking device, "time to first puff" is considered critical. Consumers do not want to wait for a significant period after switching on the device before the first puff. For this reason, in the first phase, in order to heat the heating element to the first temperature, a power supply may be provided to the heating element. The first temperature can be chosen so that it is within the allowable temperature range, but may be selected near the maximum allowable temperature to produce a satisfactory amount of aerosol to initiate delivery to the consumer. The aerosol delivery may be impaired as a result of condensation in the device in the initial period of operation of the device.
The permissible temperature range depends on the aerosol forming substrate. The aerosol-generating substrate releases a number of volatile compounds at different temperatures. Some of the volatile compounds released from the aerosol forming substrate are formed only by the heating process. Each volatile compound is released above the characteristic release temperature. By controlling the maximum operating temperature so that it is below the release temperature of some volatile compounds, the release or formation of these components can be avoided. The maximum operating temperature can also be selected to ensure that the combustion of the substrate does not occur under normal operating conditions.
The permissible temperature range may have a lower limit between 240 and 340 degrees Celsius, and an upper limit between 340 and 400 degrees Celsius and may preferably be between 340 and 380 degrees Celsius. The first temperature may be in the range between 340 and 400 degrees Celsius. The second temperature can be between 240 and 340 degrees
Celsius, preferably between 270 and 340 degrees Celsius, and the third temperature may be between 340 and 400 degrees Celsius, and preferably between 340 and 380 degrees Celsius. The maximum operating temperature for any of the first, second and third temperatures is preferably not higher than the combustion temperature for unwanted compounds that are present in conventional cigarettes with a burning end or about 380 degrees Celsius.
The step of regulating the power supplied to the heating element is preferably carried out in such a way as to keep the temperature of the heating element within an acceptable or desired temperature range in the second and third phases.
There are a number of possibilities determining the transition time from the first to the second phase and similarly from the second phase to the third. In one embodiment, each of the first phase, the second phase and the third phase may have a predetermined duration. In this embodiment, the time from device activation is used to determine when the second and third phases start and end. As an alternative, the first phase may end as soon as the heating element reaches the first target temperature. In the next alternative, the first phase ends on the basis of a predetermined time from the moment when the elementnt heating will reach the first target temperature. In another alternative, the first and second phases may end based on the total energy delivered to the heating element after switching on. In yet another alternative, the device may be configured to detect a user's puff, e.g. using a dedicated flow sensor, and the first and second phase may end after a predetermined number of puffs. It should be evident that a combination of these options may be used and may apply to the transition between any two phases. It should also be evident that it is possible that there are more than three distinct operating phases of the heating element.
When the first phase has ended, the second phase begins and the power supplied to the heating element is controlled so as to lower the temperature of the heating element to a second temperature that is lower than the first temperature but within the allowable temperature range. Such a temperature reduction of the heating element is desirable because when the device and the substrate are heated, condensation is reduced and the aerosol delivery for a given temperature of the heating element is increased. It may also be desirable to lower the temperature of the heating element after the first phase in order to reduce the likelihood of burning the substrate. In addition, lowering the temperature of the heating element reduces the amount of energy consumed by the aerosol generating device. Also,
In the third phase, the temperature of the heating element is increased. As the substrate becomes more and more depleted in the third phase, it may be desirable to increase the temperature continuously. An increase in the temperature of the heating element during the third phase compensates for the reduction in aerosol delivery due to substrate depletion and reduced thermodiffusion. However, raising the temperature of the heating element during the third phase may have any desired time profile and depend on the device and the geometry of the substrate, the substrate composition and the duration of the first and second phase. It is preferably for the temperature of the heating element to remain within the permissible temperature range during the third phase. In one embodiment, the step of applying the power to the heating element is carried out as
The step of controlling the power supply to the heating element may comprise measuring the temperature of the heating element or the temperature closest to the heating element to provide the measured temperature, comparing the measured temperature with the target temperature, and regulating the power supplied to the heating element based on the result of the comparison. The target temperature advantageously varies with the passage of time from switching on the device to provide the first, second and third phases. For example, during the first phase, the target temperature may be the first target temperature, during the second phase the target temperature may be the second target temperature and during the third phase the target temperature may be the third target temperature, the third target temperature gradually increasing over time. It should be obvious
The heating element may be a heating element that causes electrical resistance and the step of controlling the power supplied to the heating element may include the resistance of the heating element and adjustment of the electric current supplied to the heating element depending on the specific electrical resistance. The electrical resistance of the heating element is an indicator of its temperature, so a certain electrical resistance can be compared with the target electrical resistance, and the supplied power supply is appropriately matched. A PID control loop can be used to bring the temperature to the target temperature. In addition, other mechanisms, such as bi-metal straps, may be used to measure the temperature beyond the detection of the electrical resistance of the heating element, thermocouples or dedicated thermistors or electrically resistive elements that are electrically separated from the heating element. These alternative temperature determination mechanisms can be used in addition to or instead of determining the temperature by monitoring the electrical resistance of the heating element. For example, a separate temperature detection mechanism may be provided in the mechanism for controlling the power cut to the heating element when the temperature of the heating element exceeds the permitted temperature range.
The method may further comprise the step of identifying the substrate characteristics for aerosol formation. The power control stage can later be adapted depending on the identified characteristics. For example, different target temperatures may be used for different substrates.
In a second aspect of the invention, there is provided an electric powered aerosol generating device, the device comprising: at least one heating element configured such that an aerosol forming substrate is heated to generate an aerosol; a power source for supplying power to the heating element; an electrical circuit for controlling power delivery from a power supply to at least one heating element, the electrical circuits being adapted to:
controlling the power supplied to the heating element so that in the first phase the heating element temperature increases from the initial temperature to the first temperature, in the second phase the heating element temperature falls below the first temperature and in the third phase the temperature of the heating element increases again, the supply is constantly supplied during first, second and third phase.
Options regarding the duration of each phase and the temperature of the heating element during each of the phases are described as described in relation to the first aspect. The electric circuits can be configured such that each of the first phase, the second phase and the third phase has a constant duration. The electric circuits may be configured to control the power supplied to the heating element so as to continuously increase the temperature of the heating element during the third phase.
The electric circuits may be adapted to supply power to the heating element as electric current pulses. The power supplied to the heating element can then be regulated by regulating the electric current's duty cycle. The duty cycle can be adjusted by changing the pulse width or pulse frequency or both. Alternatively, the circuits may be adapted to supply power to the heating element in the form of a continuous DC signal DC signal.
The electric circuits may include temperature sensing means configured to measure the temperature of the heating element or the temperature closest to the heating element to provide a measured temperature and may be configured to compare the measured temperature with the target temperature and adjust the power supplied to the heating element based on the result of the comparison. The target temperature can be stored in the electronic memory and preferably when it changes over time from switching on the device to provide the first, second and third phases.
The means for detecting the temperature can be a dedicated electrical element, such as a thermistor or they can be a circuit configured to determine the temperature based on the electrical resistance of the heating element.
The electrical circuits may further include means for identifying the substrate characteristics for aerosol formation in the device and memory storing the array for searches for power control instructions and corresponding characteristics of the aerosol forming substrate.
In both, the first and the second aspect of the invention, the heating element may comprise a material that causes electrical resistance. Suitable materials for causing electrical resistance include, but are not limited to: semiconductors, such as doped ceramics, electrically conductive ceramics (such as, for example, molybdenum disilicate), carbon, graphite, metals, metal alloys, and composite materials made of ceramic material and metallic material . Such composite materials may comprise doped or non-doped ceramics. Examples of suitable doped ceramics include doped silicon carbides. Examples of suitable metals include titanium, zirconium, platinum tantalum, gold and silver. Examples of suitable metal alloys include stainless steel, alloys containing nickel, cobalt, chromium, aluminum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten, tin, gal, manganese, gold and iron, and superalloys based on nickel, iron, cobalt, stainless steel, Timetal® and ferro-manganese-aluminum alloys. In composite materials, the electrically resistive material may optionally be embedded, encapsulated or coated with insulating material or vice versa, depending on the energy transfer kinetics and the required external physicochemical properties.
platinum, tungsten or alloy wire or a heating plate. Optionally, the inner heating element may be applied to a rigid carrier material. In one such embodiment, the heating element causing the electrical resistance can be formed using a metal having a defined relationship between the temperature and the resistance. In such an exemplary apparatus, the metal may be in the form of a strip of a suitable insulating material, such as a ceramic material, and then pressed into another insulating material, such as glass. The heaters formed in this way can be used both to heat and monitor the temperature of the heating elements during operation. In one such embodiment, the heating element causing the electrical resistance can be formed using a metal having a defined relationship between the temperature and the resistance. In such an exemplary apparatus, the metal may be in the form of a strip of a suitable insulating material, such as a ceramic material, and then pressed into another insulating material, such as glass. The heaters formed in this way can be used both to heat and monitor the temperature of the heating elements during operation. In one such embodiment, the heating element causing the electrical resistance can be formed using a metal having a defined relationship between the temperature and the resistance. In such an exemplary apparatus, the metal may be in the form of a strip of a suitable insulating material, such as a ceramic material, and then pressed into another insulating material, such as glass. The heaters formed in this way can be used both to heat and monitor the temperature of the heating elements during operation. such as a ceramic material and then pressed into another insulating material, such as glass. The heaters formed in this way can be used both to heat and monitor the temperature of the heating elements during operation. such as a ceramic material and then pressed into another insulating material, such as glass. The heaters formed in this way can be used both to heat and monitor the temperature of the heating elements during operation.
The external heating element may take any suitable form. For example, the external heating element may take the form of one or more flexible heating foils placed on a dielectric substrate such as polyamide. Alternatively, the flexible heating foils may be shaped to correspond with the periphery of the receiving cavity of the substrate. Alternatively, the external heating element may be in the form of a metal grid or meshes, a flexible printed circuit board, a molded coupling device (MID), a ceramic preheater, a flexible carbon fiber heater or it may be formed by a coating technique such as plasma evaporation treatment on a suitably shaped substrate. The external heating element can also be formed using a metal having a defined relationship between temperature and resistance. In such an exemplary apparatus, the metal may be in the form of a strip between two layers of a suitable insulating material. The external heating element formed in this way can be used for both heating and monitoring the temperature of the external heating element during operation.
The internal or external heating element may comprise a radiator or heat store containing a material capable of absorbing and storing heat, and then releasing heat over time into the aerosol forming substrate. The radiator can be made of any suitable material, such as a suitable metal or ceramic material. In one embodiment, the material has a high heat capacity (material with perceptible heat storage) or is a material that can absorb and then release heat in a reversible process, such as changing the high temperature phase. Suitable materials with palpable heat storage include silica gel, clay, carbon, glass mat, glass fiber, minerals, metal or alloy, such as aluminum, silver or lead, and cellulosic material, such as paper. Other suitable materials that release heat in a reversible phase change include paraffin, sodium acetate, naphthalene, wax, polyethylene oxide, metal, metal salt, eutectic salt mixture or alloy. The heat sink or heat accumulator can be arranged to be in direct contact with the aerosol generating substrate and able to transfer the accumulated heat directly to the substrate. Alternatively, the heat accumulated in the heat sink or heat container can be transferred to the aerosol generating substrate by means of heat conductors, such as a metallic tube. to be in direct contact with the aerosol generating substrate and able to transfer accumulated heat directly to the substrate. Alternatively, the heat accumulated in the heat sink or heat container can be transferred to the aerosol generating substrate by means of heat conductors, such as a metallic tube. to be in direct contact with the aerosol generating substrate and able to transfer accumulated heat directly to the substrate. Alternatively, the heat accumulated in the heat sink or heat container can be transferred to the aerosol generating substrate by means of heat conductors, such as a metallic tube.
The heating element preferably heats the substrate for aerosol production by conduction. The heating element may at least partially be in contact with the substrate or carrier onto which the substrate is applied. Alternatively, the heat from either the internal or external heating element can be conducted to the substrate by means of a heat conducting element.
In both, the first and the second aspects of the invention, during operation, the aerosol forming substrate can be completely enclosed within the aerosolization device. In this case, the user may engage in a mouthpiece of the aerosol generating device. Alternatively, during operation, the smoking article containing the aerosol-forming substrate may be partially contained in the aerosol generating device. In this case, the user may enlist directly through the smoking article. The heating element may be arranged inside the cavity in the device, the cavity being configured to receive the aerosol forming substrate so that, in use, the heating element is in the aerosol forming substrate.
The smoking article may have a substantially cylindrical shape. The smoking article may be substantially elongated. The smoking article may have a length and perimeter substantially perpendicular to length. The aerosol-forming substrate may have a substantially cylindrical shape. The aerosol-generating substrate may be substantially elongated. The aerosol-generating substrate may also have a length and circumference substantially perpendicular to length.
The total length of the smoking article can be between approximately 30 mm and approximately 100 mm. The outer diameter of the smoking article can be between approximately 5 mm and approximately 12 mm. The smoking article may comprise a filter plug. The filter plug may be located in the lower end of the smoking article. The filter plug can be a cellulose acetate filter plug. In one embodiment, the length of the filter plug is approximately 7 mm, but its length can be between approximately 5 mm and approximately 10 mm.
In one embodiment, the total length of the smoking article is approximately 45 mm. The outer diameter of the smoking article may be approximately 7.2 mm. In addition, the aerosol-forming substrate may have a length of about 10 mm.
Alternatively, the length of the substrate for generating the aerosol may be approximately 12 mm. Furthermore, the diameter of the aerosol-forming substrate can be between approximately 5 mm and approximately 12 mm. The smoking article may comprise an outer tissue paper. Furthermore, the smoking article may comprise a separation between the aerosol forming substrate and the filter plug. The separation may be approximately 18 mm, but may be in the range of approximately 5 mm to approximately 25 mm. Preferably, the separation is filled in the smoking article by a heat exchanger that cools the aerosol when it passes through the smoking article from the substrate to the filter plug. The heat exchanger can be, for example, a polymer-based filter, e.g. ribbed PLA material.
In both, the first and the second aspect of the invention, the aerosol forming substrate may be a solid aerosol forming substrate. Alternatively, the aerosol-generating substrate may contain both solid and liquid components. The aerosol-generating substrate may comprise a tobacco-containing material containing volatile tobacco aromatic compounds which upon heating are released from the substrate. Alternatively, the aerosol-forming substrate may comprise a non-titer material. The aerosol-forming substrate may further comprise an aerosol generating agent. Examples of suitable aerosol forming agents are glycerol and propylene glycol.
If the aerosol-forming substrate is a solid aerosol-forming substrate, the solid aerosol-forming substrate may contain, for example, one or more of: powder, granules, pellets, shreds, spaghetti, strips or sheets containing one or more of: herb leaves, tobacco leaves , fragments of tobacco leaf ribs, reconstituted tobacco, homogenised tobacco, extruded tobacco, molded tobacco leaves and expanded tobacco. The solid aerosol-forming substrate may be in bulk form or it may be provided in a suitable container or cartridge. Optionally, the solid aerosol-forming substrate may comprise additional tobacco or tobacco-free volatile aromatics that will be released upon heating of the substrate. The solid substrate for aerosol formation may also contain capsules,
The homogenised tobacco used herein refers to the material produced by the agglomeration of molecular tobacco. Homogenized tobacco can be in the form of a sheet. The content of the aerosol former in the homogenised tobacco material may be greater than 5% by weight based on dry matter. The content of the aerosol former in the homogenised tobacco material can alternatively be between 5% and 30% by weight based on the dry matter. The sheets of homogenised tobacco can be made by agglomerating particulate tobacco obtained by milling or grinding another way into the tobacco leaf or vein of tobacco leaves or both plaques and veins of tobacco leaves. Alternatively or additionally, the sheets of homogenised tobacco material may contain one or more tobacco forms, such as tobacco dust, fine tobacco particles and other waste solids of tobacco products have arisen during, for example, the processing, storage and transport of tobacco. The sheets of homogenised tobacco material may contain one or more internal binders, i.e. endogenous tobacco binders, one or more external tobacco binding agents, i.e. exogenous tobacco binding agents or combinations thereof to facilitate agglomeration of molecular tobacco; alternatively or additionally, the sheets of homogenised tobacco material may contain other additives including, but not limited to, tobacco and tobacco-free fibers, aerosol forming agents, humectants, plasticizers, flavorings, fillers, aqueous and anhydrous solvents, and combinations thereof.
Optionally, a solid aerosol-forming substrate may be provided on a thermally stable support or may be incorporated therein. The carrier may be in the form of powder, granules, pellets, fragmented scraps, threads, strips or sheets. Alternatively, the carrier may be a tubular carrier having a thin layer of a solid substrate applied on its interior surface or on its exterior surface or both on its internal and external surface. Such a tubular carrier can be formed, for example, of paper or paper-like material, carbon fiber nonwoven mat, low-weight open mesh metallic screen or perforated metallic foil or any other thermally stable polymer matrix.
The solid substrate for aerosol formation can be applied to the surface of the carrier in the form of, for example, a sheet, foam, gel or suspension. The solid aerosol-forming substrate may be deposited over the entire surface of the carrier or alternatively may be embedded in the pattern to provide uneven aroma delivery during use.
Despite the above reference to aerosol forming solid substrates for one of ordinary skill in the art, it is evident that other embodiments of the aerosol-forming substrate may be used in other embodiments. For example, the aerosol-forming substrate may be a liquid substrate for the generation of an aerosol. If a liquid substrate for the production of an aerosol is provided, the aerosol generating device preferably comprises means for holding the fluid. For example, a liquid aerosol-forming substrate may be held in a container. Alternatively or additionally, the liquid aerosol-forming substrate may be absorbed by the porous carrier material. The porous carrier material can be made of any suitable absorbent plug or mass, e.g. foamed metal or plastic, polypropylene, terylene, nylon or ceramic fibers. the liquid aerosol-forming substrate may be held in the porous carrier material prior to use of the aerosol-generating device or alternatively the liquid aerosol-forming substrate material may be released into the porous carrier material during use or immediately before. For example, a liquid aerosol-forming substrate can be provided in a capsule. The capsule shell preferably melts when heated and releases a liquid aerosol-forming substrate into the porous carrier material. The capsule optionally may comprise a solid in combination with a liquid. the liquid aerosol-forming substrate may be held in the porous carrier material prior to use of the aerosol-generating device or alternatively the liquid aerosol-forming substrate material may be released into the porous carrier material during use or immediately before. For example, a liquid aerosol-forming substrate can be provided in a capsule. The capsule shell preferably melts when heated and releases a liquid aerosol-forming substrate into the porous carrier material. The capsule optionally may comprise a solid in combination with a liquid. the liquid aerosol-forming substrate may be held in the porous carrier material prior to use of the aerosol-generating device or alternatively the liquid aerosol-forming substrate material may be released into the porous carrier material during use or immediately before. For example, a liquid aerosol-forming substrate can be provided in a capsule. The capsule shell preferably melts when heated and releases a liquid aerosol-forming substrate into the porous carrier material. The capsule optionally may comprise a solid in combination with a liquid. The capsule shell preferably melts when heated and releases a liquid aerosol-forming substrate into the porous carrier material. The capsule optionally may comprise a solid in combination with a liquid. The capsule shell preferably melts when heated and releases a liquid aerosol-forming substrate into the porous carrier material. The capsule optionally may comprise a solid in combination with a liquid.
Alternatively, the support may be a nonwoven or bundle of fibers in which the tobacco constituents are incorporated. The nonwoven or fiber bundle n may contain, for example, carbon fibers, natural cellulose fibers or cellulose derivative fibers.
In both, the first and the second aspect of the invention, the aerosol generating device may further comprise a power supply supplying the heating element. The power source may be any suitable power source, e.g. a DC voltage source. In one embodiment, the power source is a lithium-ion battery. Alternatively, the power source may be a nickel-metal hydride battery, nickel-cadmium battery or a lithium-based battery, for example a lithium-cobalt, lithium-iron-phosphate, lithium-titanium or lithium-polymer battery.
In a third aspect of the invention, electrical circuits are provided for an electrically powered aerosol generating device, the electrical circuits being adapted to use the method of the first aspect of the invention.
In a fourth aspect of the invention there is provided a computer program that, when running on a programmed electric circuit for an electrically powered aerosol generating device, causes the programmed electric circuit to use the method of the first aspect of the invention. In a fifth aspect of the invention, a computer data medium having a computer program stored therein is provided according to the fourth aspect of the invention.
Although the invention has been described with reference to various aspects, it should be evident that the features described in relation to one aspect of the invention may be applied to other aspects of the invention.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a schematic illustration of an electrically heated smoking device according to the invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the front end of the first embodiment of the device of the type shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a schematic illustration of a flat temperature profile for a heating element;
Fig. 4 is a schematic illustration of reducing the aerosol delivery of a flat temperature profile;
Fig. 5 is a schematic illustration of a flat temperature profile for a heating element according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is a schematic illustration of a continuous aerosol delivery according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 shows a control circuit used to provide temperature control of a heater element according to one embodiment of the invention; and
Fig. 8 shows some alternative target temperature profiles according to the present invention.
In Fig. 1, the elements of an embodiment of an electrically heated aerosol device 100 are shown in a simplified manner. In particular, the components of the electrically heated aerosol generating device 100 are not made in the scale as in Fig. 1. For simplicity, Fig. 1 omits items that are not essential for understanding this embodiment.
An electrically heated aerosol device 100 includes a housing 10 and an aerosol forming substrate 12, e.g. a cigarette. The aerosol-generating substrate 12 is pressed into the interior of the housing 10 to be in the thermal vicinity with the heating element 14. The substrate for generation will release a series of volatile compounds in various By controlling the operating temperature of the electrically heated aerosol device 100 to be below the release temperature of some volatile compounds, the release or formation of these smoke constituents can be avoided.
The housing 10 has an electrical supply 16, for example a rechargeable lithium-aerosol battery with 12 temperatures.
ion. A controller 18 is connected to the heating element 14 of the power supply 16 and the user interface 20, e.g. a button or display. The controller 18 controls the power supply provided to the heating element 14 to control its temperature. Typically, the aerosol-forming substrate is heated to a temperature between 250 and 450 degrees Celsius.
In the embodiment described, the heating element 14 is an electrically effective path or paths located on the ceramic substrate. The ceramic substrate is in the form of a blade and when in use is placed in the aerosol generating substrate 12. Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the front of the device and illustrates the airflow through the device. It should be noted that Fig. 2 does not reflect the relative scale of the device elements. The smoking article 102 containing the substrate for generating the aerosol 12 is inside the cavity 22 of the device 100. The air is sucked into the device by the user's suction effect on the mouthpiece 24 of the smoking article 102. The air is sucked through inlets 26 formed adjacent to the housing surface 10. Intake air to the device,
Current aerosol devices are configured to provide a constant temperature during operation, as illustrated in Fig. 3. After the device is activated, the power is supplied to the heating element until the target temperature 50 is reached. When the target temperature 50 has been reached, the heating element is kept at this temperature until the device is turned off. Fig. 4 is a schematic illustration of a delivery of a significant aerosol component using a flat temperature profile as shown in Fig. 3. Line 52 shows the amount of the essential aerosol component, such as glycerol or nicotine, delivered during device activation. It can be seen that the supply of the component reaches its peak value and then, as time goes on, the substrate is depleted and the thermodiffusion effect weakens.
Fig. 5 is a schematic illustration of a temperature profile for a heating element according to an embodiment of the invention. Line 60 shows the temperature of the heating element over time.
In the first phase 70, the temperature of the heating element increases from the ambient temperature to the first temperature 62. The temperature 62 is within the allowable temperature range between the minimum temperature 66 and the maximum temperature 68. The admissible temperature change is set so that the desired volatiles evaporate from the substrate, but undesired compounds that evaporate at higher temperatures do not evaporate. The permissible temperature range is also below the temperature at which the burning of the substrate can occur under normal operating conditions, i.e. at normal temperature, pressure, humidity, the user's behavior during the taking and composition of the air.
In the second phase 72, the temperature of the heating element is lowered to the second temperature 64. The second temperature 64 is within the allowable temperature range, but is lower than the first temperature.
In the third phase 74, the temperature of the heating element increases progressively until it switches off 76. The temperature of the heating element remains within the allowable temperature range during the third phase.
Fig. 6 is a schematic illustration of a delivery profile of a significant aerosol component with a heating element temperature profile as shown in Fig. 5. After initial delivery increase after activation of the heating element, the delivery remains constant until the heating element is turned off. The rising temperature in the third phase compensates for the depletion of the aerosol forming agent substrate.
Fig. 7 illustrates a control circuit used to provide the described temperature profile according to one embodiment of the invention.
The heater 14 is connected to the battery via a connection 42. The battery (not shown in Fig.7) provides a voltage V2. In series with the heating element 14, an additional resistor 44 with known resistance r is arranged and connected to the voltage V1, mediates between ground and voltage V2. The current frequency modulation is controlled by the microcontroller 18 and supplied via its analog output 47 to the transistor 46, which acts as a simple switch.
The regulation is based on the PID controller, which is part of the software integrated in the microcontroller 18. The temperature (or temperature indication) of the heating element is determined by measuring the electrical resistance of the heating element. The specified temperature is used to control the duty cycle, in this case to modulate the frequency of the current pulses supplied to the heating element to maintain the heating element at the target temperature or to control the temperature of the heating element to the target temperature. The temperature is set at the frequency selected to ensure control of the work cycle and can be determined as often as once every 100 ms.
The analog input 48 on the microcontroller 18 is used to collect voltage on the resistance 44 and to provide an image of the electric current flowing in the heating element. The voltage of the V + battery and the voltage across the resistor 44 are used to calculate the changes in the resistance of the heating element and / or its temperature.
The resistance of the heater measured at a given temperature is Rogrzewacz. In order to measure the resistance of the heater heater 14 for the microprocessor 18, both the current flowing through the heater 14 and the voltage on the heater 14 can be determined. Then a well-known equation can be used to determine the resistance:
V = IR (1)
In Fig. 6, the voltage on the heater is V2-V1 and the current flowing through the heater is I. Thus:
V 2 - V1 <sup>1</sup> (2)
Ro heater -
An additional resistor 44, whose resistance r is known, is used to determine the current I, again using (1) above. The current flowing through the resistor 44 is I and the voltage across the resistor 24 is V1. Therefore:
I - V1
Thus, combining (2) and (3) we get:
<sub>R</sub> _ V 2 - V1) <sub>r</sub> Heater - l
V1
Thus, when an aerosolization system is used, the microprocessor 18 can measure V2 and V1, and knowing the value of r, determine the resistance of the heater can temperature, the Warmer. Cylinder resistance for each individual
Linear approximation can with temperature. for correlation it is correlated to be used temperature T with the measured resistance of the Rare at temperature T, according to the following formula:
T
Corner
AR
5) accurate in the application where A is the coefficient of thermal resistance of the heating element material and R0 is the resistance of the heating element at room temperature T0.
If a simple linear approximation is not enough for the entire operating temperature range, there may be other, more complex methods to approximate the relationship between resistance and temperature. For example, in another embodiment, the relationship may be obtained based on a combination of two or more linear approximations, each including a different temperature range. This scheme is based on three or more temperature calibration points at which the heater resistance is measured. For intermediate temperatures of the calibration points, the resistance values are interpolated from the values at the calibration points. The calibration point temperatures are selected to cover the expected cylinder temperature range during operation.
An advantage of these embodiments is that there is no temperature sensor that, if required, can be large and
In the first T0. In order to expensive. Instead of the temperature directly by the PID controller, the resistance value can also be used. The resistance value is directly correlated with the temperature of the heating element, as shown in equation (5). Accordingly, if the measured resistance value is within the desired range, the temperature of the heating element will also be within this range. Therefore, the actual temperature of the heating element does not have to be calculated. However, it is possible to use a separate temperature sensor and connection to the microcontroller to provide the necessary temperature information.
Fig. 8 shows an example of a target temperature profile in which three phases of the phase 70 operation can be clearly seen, the target temperature is set to raise the heating element temperature to T0 as quickly as possible, a power supply is provided to the heating element. As described, to keep the temperature of the heating element as close to the target temperature as possible during the operation of the device, the PID controller is used. At time t1, the target temperature changes to T1, which means that the first phase 70 ends and the second phase begins. The target temperature is maintained at T1 until t2. At time t2, the second phase ends and the third phase 74 begins. During the third phase 74, the target temperature increases linearly with the time to time t3,
The profile of the target temperature in the shape shown in Fig. 8 leads to the actual temperature profile in the shape shown in Fig. 5. The values of T0, T1, T2 can be adapted to specific substrates and a particular device, heating element and substrate geometry. Similarly, the values of t1, t2, and t3 can be chosen according to the circumstances.
In one example, the first phase lasts 45 seconds and T0 is 360<sup>about</sup>C, the second phase lasts 145 seconds and T1 is 320<sup>about</sup>C, and the third phase lasts 170 seconds and T3 is 380<sup>about</sup>C. The smoking session lasts for a total time of 360 seconds.
In another example, the first phase lasts 60 seconds and T0 is 340<sup>about</sup>C, the second phase lasts 180 seconds and T1 is 320<sup>about</sup>C, and the third phase lasts 120 seconds and T3 is 360<sup>about</sup>C. Again, the heating or smoking session lasts for a total time of 360 seconds.
In yet another example, the first phase lasts 30 seconds and T0 is 380<sup>about</sup>C, the second phase lasts 110 seconds and T1 is 300<sup>about</sup>C, and the third phase lasts 220 seconds and T3 is 340<sup>about</sup>C.
Duration and target temperatures for each operating phase are stored in the memory inside the controller 18. This information may be part of the software implemented by the microcontroller. However, it can be stored in the search table, so that different profiles can be selected by the microcontroller. The consumer can select different profiles via the user interface, based on user preferences or based on a particular heated substrate. The device may include means for identifying the substrate, such as an optical reader, and the heating profile may be automatically selected depending on the particular substrate.
In another embodiment, only target temperatures T0, T1, and T2 are stored in the memory, and the transition between phases is triggered by the number of puffs. For example, the microcontroller can receive puff count data from a flow sensor and can be configured to complete the first phase after two puffs and complete the second phase after five more puffs.
Each of the embodiments described above results in a more even supply of aerosol during heating of the substrate compared to a flat heating profile, as shown in Fig. 3. The optimal heating profile depends on many factors and can be determined experimentally for a given device and substrate geometry and substrate composition. For example, the device may contain more than one heating element and the layout of the heating elements will affect the depletion of substrates and the effect of thermodiffusion. Each heating element can be controlled to change the heating profile. The shape and size of the substrate relative to the heating element can be an important factor.
Contents6
87 members in 30 offices
Priority claims2
| Document | Office | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12199708 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A | |
| 2013076967 | European Patent Office (EPO) | W |
Members87
| Document | Office | Kind | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2886394A1 | Canada | A1 | |
| WO2014102091A1 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A1 | |
| TW201433272A | Taiwan Province of China | A | |
| CN104470386A | China | A | |
| AU2013369492A1 | Australia | A1 | |
| PH12015500396A1 | Philippines | A1 | |
| PH12015500396B1 | Philippines | B1 | |
| SG11201501701VA | Singapore | A | |
| IL237920A0 | Israel | A0 | |
| IL237920D0 | Israel | D0 | |
| EP2879533A1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A1 | |
| IN1548DEN2015A | India | A | |
| AR094330A1 | Argentina | A1 | |
| US2015208727A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| JP2015524260A | Japan | A | |
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| KR20150102924A | Republic of Korea | A | |
| ZA201501221B | South Africa | B | |
| HK1208786A | Hong Kong, China | A | |
| HK1208786A1 | Hong Kong, China | A1 | |
| MX2015008438A | Mexico | A | |
| US2016174610A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| EP3066942A1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A1 | |
| RU2600915C1 | Russian Federation | C1 | |
| US9498000B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| EP2879533B1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | B1 | |
| DK2879533T3 | Denmark | T3 | |
| JP6125008B2 | Japan | B2 | |
| LT2879533T | Lithuania | T | |
| US9668521B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
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| JP2017113016A | Japan | A | |
| SI2879533T1 | Slovenia | T1 | |
| HK1222517A | Hong Kong, China | A | |
| HK1222517A1 | Hong Kong, China | A1 | |
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| BR112015012765A2 | Brazil | A2 | |
| PL2879533T3This record | Poland | T3 | |
| US2017224019A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| NZ706262A | New Zealand | A | |
| RS55950B1 | Serbia | B1 | |
| HUE032710T2 | Hungary | T2 | |
| KR101793802B1 | Republic of Korea | B1 | |
| TWI608805B | Taiwan Province of China | B | |
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| AU2013369492B2 | Australia | B2 | |
| UA117667C2 | Ukraine | C2 | |
| MX361782B | Mexico | B | |
| US2019297951A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
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| IL237920B | Israel | B | |
| CA2886394C | Canada | C | |
| BR112015012765B1 | Brazil | B1 | |
| EP3066942B1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | B1 | |
| KR102276054B1 | Republic of Korea | B1 | |
| EP3861877A1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A1 | |
| PL3066942T3 | Poland | T3 | |
| HUE053979T2 | Hungary | T2 | |
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| JP2022002512A | Japan | A | |
| CN107692316B | China | B | |
| US11523639B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| EP3861877B1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | B1 | |
| JP7263454B2 | Japan | B2 | |
| ES2940089T3 | Spain | T3 | |
| EP4176746A1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A1 | |
| PL3861877T3 | Poland | T3 | |
| HUE061164T2 | Hungary | T2 | |
| US11666099B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| JP2023080227A | Japan | A | |
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| JP7637178B2 | Japan | B2 | |
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| US12342870B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| JP2025100924A | Japan | A | |
| US2025288020A1 | United States of America | A1 |
Numbers
- Publication
- 2879533
- Application
- 13821803
Titles2
- English
- HEATED AEROSOL-GENERATING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR GENERATING AEROSOL WITH CONSISTENT PROPERTIES
- Polish
- PODGRZEWANE URZĄDZENIE DO WYTWARZANIA AEROZOLU I SPOSÓB WYTWARZANIA AEROZOLU O STAŁYCH WŁAŚCIWOŚCIACH
Classification
- CPC, 7
- A24F40/57
- A24F40/20
- A24F47/00
- H05B1/0225
- H05B1/0244
- H05B3/0014
- H05B2203/021
- IPC, 1
- A24F47 00