Band heater systems and assembly methods

[0001] The present disclosure relates to radiators intended for such objects as crankcases of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) installations.

INFORMATION ABOUT THE PRIOR ART [0002] The information on the prior art contained herein is intended to provide a general presentation of the context of the disclosure. The work of the inventors named in this document, to the extent described in this part regarding the current state of the art, and those aspects of the description that at the time of preparation of the document may not qualify as methods used previously, are not recognized, expressly or implicitly, in in the context of this disclosure, for methods previously used.

[0003] The compressor used in a heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system includes a motor that causes the temperature of the coolant, e.g. freon, to increase due to compression. The oil in the compressor is used to lubricate internal bearings and other engine components. The coolant changes form gaseous to liquid when the compressor temperature drops below the threshold (e.g. 40 ° F). The temperature drops below the threshold, for example, when the compressor operates in an environment with an ambient temperature below the threshold and / or the compressor is idle or turned off. In the liquid state, the coolant can mix with oil, which will dilute the oil. This has an adverse effect on oil properties and reduces the lubrication quality of engine components, also causing "flooding". Flooding is the condition in which the compressor attempts to compress the coolant and / or oil in its liquid state. In the event of flooding, the compressor may operate incorrectly and ineffectively. Generally, the compressors are designed to compress gas, not liquid. Therefore, lowering the coolant temperature below the threshold value may have an adverse effect on the compressor's operation and shorten the life of its components.

[0004] A framing heater may be used to prevent oil dilution on the outer surface of the compressor crankcase. A ring heater is used to heat the crankcase and the coolant contained in it. A ring heater can be used to maintain the coolant temperature above the level at which its physical state changes from gas to liquid.

[0005] A first exemplary framing radiator assembly includes a cable and a stainless steel pipe with projections protruding sideways. The cable passes through a stainless steel pipe. The splines are used to transfer the heat generated by the cable to the compressor crankcase. The edges of the projections are sharp, which creates ergonomic and logistical problems. The amount of heat transferred from the cable to the compressor crankcase is limited with this ring heater.

[0006] A second exemplary framing radiator assembly includes two terminals, first and second. The stop element is guided from the first to the second end and then from the second end back to the first. In other words, there are two runs of the resistance element along the entire length of the radiant heater assembly. The end pieces consist of pins, washers and clamps that are used to attach the framing radiator to the crankcase. The use of pins, washers and clamps increases the complexity of the assembly and increases material costs. In addition, pins and washers often rest on the crankcase surface, resulting in gaps between the framing radiator assembly and the crankcase. Such intervals reduce the efficiency of heat transfer and may cause hot spots at the ends of the radiant heater assembly. Due to the lack of heat exchange, the temperature of sections of the framing radiator assembly that are not in contact with the crankcase increases. Over time, this may damage the areas of the framing radiator assembly that are hot spots.

[0007] The scope of applications of the second framing radiator assembly is also limited to objects with a uniform outer diameter and / or perimeter shape compatible with the lateral width of the framing radiator assembly. For example, a cylindrical object may have a uniform diameter and / or a uniform circumference, while a spherical object has a heterogeneous outer diameter from the point of view of the framing radiator assembly (i.e. diameters of vertical or lateral cross-sections through the ball).

The heterogeneous outer diameter and / or the heterogeneous shape of the circumference may cause deformation and gaps between the framing radiator assembly and the object, which may also result in hot spots. A ring heater assembly according to the preamble to claim 1 is disclosed in US Patent 6232577B1.

SUMMARY [0007a] The present invention is a framing heater assembly according to claim 1 in the present disclosure.

[0011] Further areas where the present disclosure applies will be indicated in the detailed description, claims and drawings. The detailed description and specific examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of disclosure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0012] This disclosure will become better understood upon reviewing the detailed description and accompanying drawings, where:

[0013] Fig. 1 is a general view of a framing radiator assembly installed on a crankcase in accordance with the embodiment contained in the present disclosure.

[0014] Fig. 2 shows another overall view of the framing radiator assembly shown in Fig. 1 after it has been disconnected.

[0015] Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a framing radiator assembly in accordance with the embodiment contained in the present disclosure.

[0016] Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a framing radiator through section line 4-4 in Fig. 3.

[0017] Fig. 5 shows a view of a terminal with a block connector, according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, with a fixing hook not installed.

[0018] Fig. 6 is a view of the terminal with the block connector shown in Fig. 5 with the mounting hook installed.

[0019] Fig. 7 is a bottom view of a terminal with a block connector in accordance with the embodiment contained in the present disclosure.

[0020] Fig. 8 is a bottom view of another terminal with a block connector in accordance with the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Fig. 9 is an end view of the terminal with the block connector shown in Fig. 8.

[0022] Fig. 10 is a bottom view of the terminal with block connector shown in Fig. 8.

[0023] Fig. 11 is a side cross-sectional view of a portion of the framing radiator assembly through section line 11-11 marked in Fig. 2.

[0024] Fig. 12 shows a vertical cross-section of another part of the framing heater assembly through section line 12-12 marked in Fig. 2.

[0025] Fig. 13 is a view of another framing heater assembly in accordance with the embodiment contained in the present disclosure.

[0026] Fig. 14 is a bottom view of part of the framing radiator assembly shown in Fig. 13.

[0027] Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view of another framing heater assembly in accordance with the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Fig. 16 is a block diagram of an HVAC installation with an installed radiator assembly in accordance with the embodiment contained in the present disclosure.

[0029] Fig. 17 illustrates a method for forming a radiant heater assembly in accordance with the embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0030] Fig. 18 illustrates a method of forming a radiant heater assembly in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] Fig. 19 is a view of a framing radiator assembly in accordance with the embodiment of the present disclosure with the tension adjustment assembly installed.

[0032] Fig. 20 is a top view of the framing radiator assembly shown in Fig. 19.

[0033] Fig. 21 is a side view of the framing radiator assembly shown in Fig. 19.

[0034] Fig. 22 is a view of another framing radiator assembly according to the embodiment of the present disclosure with another tension adjustment assembly installed.

[0035] Fig. 23 is a top view of the framing radiator assembly shown in Fig. 22.

[0036] Fig. 24 is a side view of the framing radiator assembly shown in Fig. 22. a [0037] Fig. 25 is a method of installing a framing radiator assembly on an object using adjustment of the framing radiator mounting force.

DESCRIPTION [0038] The description below is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure, its uses or its applicability. For clarification, identical reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to indicate the same elements. For the purposes of this document, the phrase "at least one of A, B and C" will have a logical meaning (A or B or C), corresponding to the use of the non-exclusive logical operator OR. It is understood that the individual steps of the method may be performed in a different order without changing the basis of this disclosure.

[0039] According to this document, the term "module" may refer to elements such as a dedicated integrated circuit (ASIC), electronic circuit, processor (shared, dedicated or group) and / or memory (shared, dedicated or group) part of them, or contain those elements whose task is to execute at least one program included in the utility or firmware, combinational logic and / or other relevant elements to perform the described functions.

[0040] Embodiments of the disclosure below include descriptions of various dimensions and relationships between elements. These dimensions and relationships can be based on various longitudinal, transverse and vertical directions associated with the framing radiator assembly.

The longitudinal direction may refer to a dimension along and / or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the framing radiator assembly running for example between terminals, wires, clamping elements and / or terminals with a block connector (e.g.

blocks) of a radiant heater assembly. The transverse direction may be perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and taken along and / or parallel to the transverse axis of the framing radiator assembly running for example between the edges of the band and / or between the sides of the terminals with the block joint (e.g. molded blocks).

The vertical direction may be perpendicular to the longitudinal and transverse directions and run along and / or parallel to the vertical axis of the framing radiator assembly. The vertical axis may run, for example, between the upper and lower surface of the ring heater and / or the block connector fitting (e.g., molded block).

[0041] The following description also includes various versions of the radiant heater assembly. Framing radiator assemblies can be used to heat crankcase compressors for HVAC installations, to heat cooling system components, industrial drums and nozzles, etc.

[0042] Figs. 1 and 2 show a general view of the framing radiator assembly 50. The framing radiator assembly 50 can be connected to various components, such as the crankcase of the compressor (heated object) 52, as shown in Fig. 1. is a radiant heater assembly 50 connected to the outer surface of the heated object 52. Fig. 2 shows the radiant heater assembly 50 after disconnection.

[0043] The radiant heater assembly 50 consists of a radiant heater 54, two terminals with a block connector or molded blocks 56 with fastening catches 58 and a connecting member 60. During operation, the radiator assembly 50 is wrapped around a heated object 52 and held in position by connecting element 60. The ring heater 54 consists of a band 62 and a cable 64 (not visible in Figs. 1 and 2). In the implementation presented in Fig. 1 and 2, cable 64 forms an integral part of the band 62, and is best seen in Fig. 3. Cable 64 runs along the assembly between mold blocks 56 and includes cable terminals connected to mold blocks 56 and / or contained within them, and a thrust member. In the implementation shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the cable terminals correspond to the ends of the 70 radiant heater (as shown in Figs. 11 and 12). An example of the stop element 66 is shown in Figs. 3 and 4.

[0044] Molded blocks 56 are formed at the ends of the radiant heater 70, which may correspond to the cable ends of the radiant heater 54 and connect to the fastening catches 58. The fastening catches 58 are connected by means of a connecting element 60.

The tensioning or connecting member 60 may for example be in the form of an extensible spring.

The connecting member 60 can be tensioned and extends to connect the fastening hooks 58. The stress of the connecting member 60 holds the framing heater assembly 50 in place when mounted on the heated object 52. The molded blocks 56 have leads 74 that provide electrical power to the heater resistance element framing 54. Wires 74 may be referred to as lead cables.

[0045] Fig. 3 shows a cross section through a radiant heater 54. The radiant heater 54 consists of a band 62 and a cable 64. The cable 64 consists of a core 80, a thrust member 66 and a sheath 82. The core 80 can be formed of insulating material , such as fiberglass or dielectric material, provides flexibility and provides a support structure on which the stop 66 can be wound. The stop 66 may be wound on the core 80, with spacing 84 between the turns, as shown in Fig. 4. The size of the spacing between the turns 84 may be different depending on the amount of heat required on the stop 66.

[0046] Jacket 82 may provide electrical insulation and protection for the resistance 66, allowing good heat or heat energy to flow between the resistance 66 and the heated object 52. Coat 82 may be made of, for example, non-metallic and non-conductive materials such as rubber, silicone rubber , glass impregnated rubber, synthetic fluoropolymer, polytetrafluoroethylene, dielectric material, etc. Jacket 82 may be adapted to withstand temperatures exceeding about 150 ° C.

[0047] The band 62 includes at least one flange 86 and a central profile 88 extending from the lower contact surface 90. After connecting the radiant heater assembly 50 to the heated object 52, the lower contact surface 90 is in direct contact with the heated object 52. In the illustrated embodiment, the band 62 has two flanges on opposite sides of middle profile 88. The middle profile may have the shape of a channel so that its inner side 92 will match the shape of the outer circumference of the jacket 82.

[0048] In the embodiment shown, the band 62 and the jacket 82 have been formed in an integrated manner and constitute one element. The term "integrally formed" refers to the formation of at least two elements in such a way that they form a uniform structure. If at least two elements are formed in an integrated manner, this means that they can be formed at the same time, using the same materials and production processes. Since band 62 and jacket 82 have been formed as one piece, band 62 has been integrally formed as part of cable 64. Band 62 and jacket 82 may be squeezed and / or formed around the thrust member 66. Band 62 may be for example formed from the same material as the jacket 82 and / or from non-metallic and non-conductive material such as rubber, silicone rubber, glass impregnated rubber, synthetic fluoropolymer, polytetrafluoroethylene etc. and / or a metallic conductive material such as aluminum, steel, stainless steel, copper, silver, etc. In one exemplary embodiment, the band 62 is formed of aluminum and the jacket is formed of silicone rubber 82.

[0049] The band 62 and the jacket 82 may be formed as separate components assembled and / or formed in succession during production. The dividing line 94 allows the band 62 to be distinguished from the sheath 82. If the band 62 and the sheath 82 are formed as separate elements, the cable 64 can be fitted into the band 62 by interference and / or can protrude from the band 62 on the side of the ring heater 54 on which there is a bottom contact surface 90.

An example of a framing radiator assembly with separately attached band and cable is shown in Fig. 13-15.

[0050] Returning to Fig. 3, the flanges 86 extend laterally from the cable 64 and increase the contact surface to provide thermal energy exchange to the heated object 52. The flanges 86 may be of different lengths. The flanges 86 are molded in an integrated manner as part of the band 62 and / or cable 64.

[0051] The ring heater 54 is characterized by the following dimensions: distance of the thrust member from the contact surface c, transverse width w, flange thickness t, height of the projection p of the middle profile, diameter of the thrust member r and projection radius 0.

[0052] The dimension of the distance between the thrust member and the contact surface c corresponds to the offset of the thrust member 66 and / or core 80 within the radial heater 54. The thrust member 66 and / or core 80 are shifted towards the bottom contact surface 90 or side of the radiant heater 54 having contact with a heated object 52. This allows better heat flow to the heated object 52. The thrust member 66 and core 80 are closer to the lower contact surface 90 than the outer surface 100 of the middle profile 88. In one embodiment, the distance between the thrust member and the contact surface c is equal to or greater than the predetermined value x. In another embodiment, the predetermined value of x is approximately 0.03-0.04 inches.

[0053] The dimension of the transverse width w can be called the extended dimension and it is greater than the height of the projection p of the middle profile 88. This helps to ensure contact with the heated object 52, while maintaining a predefined width to obtain an efficient flow of warmer energy from the resistance 66 to heated object 52. The middle profile 88 provides stability and allows the correct orientation of the radial heater 54 to be set. The middle profile 88 provides structural support and prevents the radiator 54 from twisting.

[0054] The thickness of the flange t is adapted to improve heat transfer while providing mechanical strength. Flanges 86 can also be used to orient the framing radiator 54. The height of the projection p is adjusted to provide visual assistance during installation. The diameter of the thrust member r is the outer diameter of the thrust member 66 after winding onto the core 80. The diameter of the thrust member r is selected for the effective use of the material. In one embodiment, the distance between the thrust member 66 and the bottom contact surface 90 is about 0.03-0.04 inches. The diameter of the projection 20 may be equal to the diameter of the thrust member r increased by 0.03 inches. This ensures that the thrust member 66 is protected. The diameter of the projection 20 is greater than the thickness of the flange t.

[0055] During operation, the resistive element 66 draws electricity from a power source. An exemplary power source is presented in Fig. 16. As the temperature of the resistance element 66 increases, part of the heat energy generated by the resistance element 66 is transferred from the resistance element 66 to the jacket 82 and then to the band 62.

[0056] The configuration and materials used to make the cable 64, as well as the fact of using a single cable running between the terminals with a block connector or molded blocks (also called a single-pass cable) provide flexibility and can be used in various applications. In other words, the radiant heater assembly 50 can be used for objects of various sizes and shapes. The configuration, material used and flexibility of the radiant heater assembly 52 also prevent deformation and ensure uniform, continuous contact between the radiant heater 54 and the heated object 52. For example, the radiator assembly 50 can be used for cylindrical, spherical, objects of variable diameter (i.e. . diameters of vertical or transverse cross-section through objects) and / or variable circumference while minimizing the spacing between the ring heater 54 and the heated object 52. The band 62 and / or cable 64 of the ring heater 54 ensure equal and continuous contact with the object of variable diameter throughout transverse width of the ring heater 54. The configuration of molded blocks 56 and mounting brackets 58 also allows minimizing the spacing between the framing heater assembly 50 and the heated object 52 after installing the framing heater assembly 50 on the heated object 52.

[0057] Fig. 4 shows a cross section through the radiant heater 54 shown in Fig. 3. The radiant heater 54 consists of an insulation layer 110, which may include a band 62 and a jacket 82. Inside the insulation layer 110 there is a resistance 66 wound around core 80. The lengths of the spacing 84 between the turns of the resistance 66 can be adjusted to change the resistance and / or the heat production index of the resistance 66. The resistance 66 may contain at least one strand and may be formed of at least one conductive material such as copper, silver, etc.

[0058] Figs. 5-8 show one of the molded blocks 56 and a terminal with a block joint or molded block 56 '. Fig. 5 shows one of the mounting catches 58 in the disconnected state. Fig. 6 shows the fastening hook 58 after hooking. The fastening hook 58 slides onto the molded block 56, engages and locks. The design of the molded block 56 and the attachment hook 58 prevents the attachment hook 58 from contacting the heated object 52.

[0059] The molded block 56 consists of a body 130, at least two stops 132, at least one fastener guide 134, and at least one cutout 136. The molded block 56 also includes a top surface 138 and a bottom or contact surface 140 opposite the top surface 138. The contact surface 140 comes into contact with the heated object 52 after installing the framing radiator assembly 50. The molded block 56 consists of various profiles and elements. It can be formed as a single element or in the form of separate, connected elements.

The characteristics of the molded block 56 ensure the centering and alignment of the fastening clip 58.

[0060] The main body 130 is formed at one of the terminals 70 of the radiant heater 54 and / or connected thereto. The main body 130 may be molded in an integral manner with the stops 132, the fastener guides 134, and the notches 136. The stops 132 are located on the block terminal 142 of the molded block 56 closest to the duct 74. The stops 132 provide a stationary surface and support for the fastening hook 58, which when attached adheres to the stops 132 and maintains contact with them. The stops 132 serve to lock the fastening catch in one position. The stops 132 are extended upward with respect to the main body 130, forming a recess in the central portion of the upper surface 150, and downward with respect to the main body 130, forming at least one recess 152. The depressed section in the middle of the upper surface 150 is on the upper surface 138.

[0061] Fig. 7 shows a molded block 56 with a single recess in the lower surface 152. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 7, the ends 160 of the fastening hook 58 are slid into the recess in the lower surface 152 located in the central part of the main body 130. Fig. 8 shows a molded block 56 'with two recesses in the bottom surface 162. The two depressions in the lower surface 162 are separated by a conductor protector 164 arranged in line with the conduit 74 'and extending along the contact surface 140'. The conductor protector 164 can be integrally formed as part of the main body 130 'of the molded block 56' and be in the form of a projection between two depressions in the bottom surface 162. Alternatively or additionally, a section of the molded conduit of the block 56 'and / or the end of the conduit 74' may run between two recesses in the bottom surface 162. An exemplary section of the conduit is shown in Figs. 11 and 12. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 8, the terminal 160 ' the fastening hook 58 'are inserted into respective recesses in the bottom surface 162.

[0062] The fastening tabs 58 consist of ends 160, a central section 170, and two side sections in the form of a clamp 172, as shown in Figs. 5-7. The fastening hook 58 'consists of similar sections. The middle section 170 is folded or looped, allowing two opposing wire sections 174 to be formed. The middle section 170 slides into a recess in the central part of the upper surface 150. The two sections constituting the clamp 172 are wrapped around the side surfaces 176 of the molded block 56 and inserted into the cutouts 136 in the side surfaces 176. The fastening clip 58 is locked in the correct position only after seating it in the cutouts 136. The cutouts 136 and stops 132 prevent the fastening hook from moving. 58 in longitudinal directions. The two tips 160 are inserted into at least one recess in the bottom surface 152.

[0063] The guides for the fastening clip 134 are used to position the fastening clip when installing it on the molded block 56. In the embodiment shown in Figs. 5-7, the first slope guide 180 is on the upper surface 138 between the stops 132. The second slope guide 182 is on the bottom surface 140, it can be aligned with the recess in the bottom surface 152, it adheres to the notches 136 and is on the opposite side of the notches 136 than the stops 132.

[0064] Fig. 9 is a rear view of the molded block 56 'shown in Fig. 8.

The middle section 200 of the attachment hook 58 'is embedded in a recess in the upper surface 150' of the molded block 56 '. The terminals 160 'are arranged in two recesses in the bottom surface 152' on opposite sides of the duct 74 '. The conductor protector 164 provides an insulating and protective layer between the conductor 74 'and the contact surface 202 of the formed block 56'. The duct 74 'is shifted towards the contact surface 202 to align with the duct 64 (shown in Fig. 3) and the opposite end of the molded block 56 '.

[0065] Fig. 10 is a bottom view of the molded block 56 'shown in Fig. 8 with the attachment not attached. Fig. 10 shows the main body 130 ', two depressions in the bottom surface 152', stops 132 ', cutouts 136' and the cable protector 164 of the formed block 56 '. Main body 130 'may have bevelled sides 220.

The bevelled sides 220 facilitate mounting of the 58 'fastening hook. The bevelled sides 220 separate the sections of the fastening hook 58 'being a clamp and allow the mounting hook 58' to be placed in the cutouts 136 '.

[0066] Figs. 11 and 12 show the cross-section and vertical section of the radiant heater assembly 50 shown in Fig. 2. The radiant heater assembly 50 consists of a radiant heater 54 and wires 74 connected at connectors 230. Radiant heater terminals 54 (radiant heater terminals) 70), wire terminals 74 (wire terminals 232) and connectors 230 are attached inside the corresponding molded block 56. Although in Fig. 11 and 12 are shown one of the ends of the ring heater 70, the ends of the wires 232 and one of the connectors 230 and the molded blocks 56, the other end of the ring heater, the wire end, the second connector or the other molded block can be configured in a similar manner.

[0067] The molded block 56 consists of a main body 130 with a multi-section passage 240 along the main body 130. A multi-section passage

240 it consists of a section of a ring heater 242, a section of a duct 244, a section of the connector

246 and many separation sections 248, whose internal dimensions correspond to the dimensions of the radial heater 54, cable end 232, connector 230 and resistance elements 66, 250. The radial heater section 242 is used to attach the terminal 70 of the radial heater 54. The section of the 244 is used to attach the end of the cable

232. The connector section 246 serves to attach the connector 230 between the stopper 66 and the second stopper 250 of the duct 74, also known as a guide. The first and second stop elements 66, 250 can be braided together and placed, for example, in a sleeve or other element that can be clamped. The clamping element 252 is shown in the drawing. When the thrust members 66, 250 are braided together, such a weave of the thrust members 66, 250 may be called a stranded joint.

[0068] The separating sections 248 may be between the section of the ring heater

242 and the connector section 246 and between the connector section 246 and the duct section 244.

The first separation section 260 may include a first stop member 66 and the second separation section 262 may include a second stop member 250.

[0069] Fig. 13 is a view of another radiant heater assembly 300. The radiant heater assembly 300 is shown connected to a heated object 302, such as a compressor crankcase. The radiant heater assembly 300 consists of a radiant heater 304, clamp 306 and wires 308. The radiant heater 304 consists of a heated band 310 and cable 312, which are more clearly visible in Fig. 14. Cable 312 is press-fit and protrudes from the heated band 310, ensuring uniform, continuous contact with the heated object 302. Current flows through wires 308, heating the cable

312, and consequently transferring heat to the heated band 310. Thermal energy is transferred from the heated band 310 and cable 312 to the heated object 302.

[0070] Clamp 306 consists of a first clamp band 320, a second clamp band

322, clamp 324 and worm gear 326. The first clamp band 320 is connected to the first terminal 328 of the ring radiator 304. The second clamp band 322 has a series of slots 330 and is connected to the second terminal 332 of the ring radiator 304. The clamp 324 is equipped with a guide for the band 334 intended to run the second cable tie 322. The ground wire 336 can be connected to the first cable tie 320 or clamp 324. The rotation of the worm gear 326 causes the second clamp band 322 to slide along the guide under the band 334. The first and second clamp band 320, 322 are equipped with sections 340 for mounting a framing radiator located in the terminals 328, 332 of the heated band 310. An example of the clamp mechanism is shown on fig 14.

[0071] Fig. 14 shows a bottom view of a section of a radiant heater assembly 300. A radiant heater assembly 300 consists of a heated band 304 and a cable 312. The heated band 304 consists of a central section 350 and at least one flange 352 (the figure shows two) led outwards relative to the middle section

350. The middle section 350 includes an open channel whereby the exposed cable 312 comes into contact with the heated object. Cable 312 is press-fit in the heated band channel 304 and on connector 356 is connected to at least one of the wires 308. Connector 356 and terminal 358 of the respective wire 308 are also fastened in the slide and / or push-in channel. The outer insulation of the cable 312, connector 356 and / or conductor 308 may be formed as separate elements or in an integrated manner, forming at least one jacket. The connector 356 may be equipped with a crimp fastener at the ends of the resistance elements of the cable 312 and cable 308, as in the case of connector 230 in Figures 11 and 12. In the figure, the cable connector 357 of cable 312 is adjacent to connector 230.

[0072] Although Fig. 14 shows one of the cable ties 322, the other cable ties 320 can be configured in a similar manner. The band clamp 322 consists of a section for mounting a framing radiator 370 and a worm gear 372. The first width 374 for mounting the framing radiator 370 is smaller than the second width 376 for mounting a worm gear 370. The radiator mounting 370 is divided into segments, taking into account the first and second series of notches 378, 380 on each side edge of the radiator mounting 370. In the notches 378, 380, projections 382 of the expansion section 384 of the heated band 310 are positioned from the middle section or channel 350 and clamped over the edges of the notches 378, 380.

Hose 308 runs inside duct 350 on the expansion section 384. Hose 308 can be crimped inside duct 350 on the expansion section 384, providing reduced strain on the 308. Heated band can be crimped on the expansion section

384 to encapsulate conduit 308. In expansion section 384, channel 350 may be closed. When the duct 350 is open on the expansion section 384, the duct runs between the duct 350 or the heated band 310 and the mounting of the radiant heater 370.

[0073] Fig. 15 shows a cross section through a radiant heater 304. The cross section of the heated band 310 is "omega" (Ω) and consists of at least one flange 352 and a central profile 350 protruding above contact surface 390. Flanges 352 they are bent from the middle profile 350 and towards the contact surface 390. The heated band 310 increases the heat energy flow to the heated object 302 compared to the use of cable 312 alone. The heated band 310 may be formed of various materials such as aluminum, steel, stainless steel, silver, copper, etc. In one embodiment, the heated band 310 is made of aluminum.

[0074] The heated band 310 can be squeezed, have a longitudinal rounding, and be flexible in the longitudinal and transverse directions. Thanks to the longitudinal rounding and elasticity in the longitudinal direction, the heated band can be wrapped around a round-shaped object with a minimum of spacing between the heated band and the object. The transverse flexibility and the use of flanges 352 allow the heated band 310 to bend and ensure uniform, continuous contact with the heated object 302 in both the longitudinal and transverse directions.

[0075] The cable 312 consists of a core 400, a thrust member 402 and a sheath 404. The core 400 can be formed of an insulating material such as fiberglass or dielectric material and provides flexibility and is a structural element on which the thrust member 402 can be wound. The stop element 402 can be wound onto the core 400 very tightly or with a gap between turns. Coil spacing can vary. The jacket 404 can provide electrical insulation and protect the resistive element 402, allowing a good flow of thermal energy between the resistive element 402 and the heated object. The jacket 404 may, for example, be formed of a non-metallic, non-conductive material such as rubber, silicone rubber, glass impregnated rubber, synthetic fluoropolymer, polytetrafluoroethylene, dielectric material etc. In one embodiment, the heated band 310 is formed of aluminum and the jacket 404 is formed of silicone rubber.

[0076] Heated band 310 and cable 312 are described by the following dimensions: channel opening width u, outer diameter of cable dc, inner diameter of heated band db, distance of cable outlet towards contact surface of heated band e, width of heated band I, height of heated band hi thickness of heated band t. Pre-determined proportions between dimensions can be used when selecting the sizes of heated band 310 and cable 312. The predefined proportions can be set so that the band 310 and the cable 312 will contact the heated object along the entire longitudinal length of the 304 radiator.

[0077] The larger size of the cable 312 is chosen so that when it is pressed into the middle profile 350 it protrudes from the heated band 310, due to which the contact surface of the cable with the heated object is larger. The phrase "larger cable size" refers to the outer diameter of a dc cable equal to or greater than the inner diameter of the heated band db. This allows to reduce and / or eliminate the spacing between cable 312 and the heated object after connecting the given radiant heater to the heated object.

The width of the channel opening u is equal to the inner diameter of the heated band db or less. This also minimizes the distance between the 312 cable and the heated object.

[0078] The width of the heated band I is equal to or greater than the height of the heated band h. The width dimension of the heated band I is selected to provide effective heat flow from the heated band 310 to the heated object while minimizing the amount of material associated with the heated band 310 and heat loss to the atmosphere. The greater the width of the heated band I, the greater the contact area between the heated band 310 and the heated object.

[0079] The height of the heated band h is equal to the inner diameter of the heated band db increased by twice the thickness of the heated band t or less, as illustrated by equation 1.

h <db + 2t (1)

The relation described by equation 1 ensures the height of the tongue enabling uniform, continuous contact of the heated band 310 with the heated object.

[0080] Fig. 16 shows a block diagram of an HVAC 420 installation in which a radiant heater 422 is installed. The HVAC 420 installation includes circuit 422 consisting of compressor 424, condenser 426, dryer 428, measuring device 430 and evaporator 432. Compressor 424 is equipped into the crankcase or housing 434 and pumps the coolant through circuit 422 maintaining the predefined pressures and flow velocities. The 424 compressor consists of a low pressure part and a high pressure part. The coolant vapors are introduced into the low-pressure part in one state, and then forced to the high-pressure part in the second state in the direction of the condenser 426. The temperature of the coolant in the second state is higher than its temperature in the first state. The air flowing through the condenser 426 absorbs thermal energy from the coolant vapor, causing it to condense.

[0081] The high pressure cooling liquid flows from the condenser 426 through a filter dryer 428 to remove impurities. After passing through the filter drier 428, the high-pressure coolant can flow through the measuring device 430 separating the high-pressure and low-pressure part of the circuit 422. The measuring device 430 can be used to maintain a certain flow rate of the coolant to the evaporator 432. When passing through the measuring device 432, the pressure and temperature of the coolant decreases. The coolant is evaporated to evaporator 432 and cools the air flowing through evaporator 432. The heat contained in the air flowing through evaporator 432 is absorbed by the coolant.

[0082] The HVAC 420 installation also includes a radiant heater 450 consisting of a radiant heater assembly 452, such as one of the radiant heater units described in this disclosure, sensors 454, control module 456, and power source 458. The radiator assembly 452 is connected to housing and draws current from the 456 control module. The control module 456 monitors the signals from the sensors 454 and based on them transfers power from the 458 power source to the radiant heater assembly 452. The control module 456 can regulate the intensity and / or voltage supplied to the radiant heater assembly 452 based on signals received from the sensors 454. Module control 456 also allows you to control the coolant flow rate through the measuring device 432.

[0083] Sensors 454 may include, for example, temperature sensors, thermostats, pressure sensors, flow velocity sensors, etc. Sensors 454 may detect temperatures, pressures and flow velocities at various points of the circuit 422. Sensors 434 may also be used to detect and / or estimate temperature framing radiator assembly 452. For example, the sensor can detect the temperature inside the crankcase 434 and / or can be connected to the 452 radiant heater assembly by detecting its temperature directly. The temperature of the radiant heater assembly 452 can also be estimated indirectly based on the current and / or voltage applied to the wires of the radiant heater assembly 452. The control module 456 can detect short circuits and / or open electrical wires and / or damaged connections associated with the 452 radiator assembly. If a fault is detected, the voltage and / or voltage applied to the 452 radiator assembly can be reduced.

[0084] The ring heater 452 may remain turned on during operation. The radiant heater assembly 452 can be turned on when the compressor 424 is on and / or off. This allows the temperature of compressor 424 to be maintained above a predefined value. In an alternative embodiment, the radiant heater 452 can be turned on when compressor 424 is off and vice versa. The control module 456 may activate the radiant heater assembly 452 when the temperature of the compressor 424 drops below a predefined value.

[0085] Fig. 17 shows a method for forming a radiant heater assembly. Although the method described in Fig. 17 applies primarily to the examples of implementation shown in Fig.

1-12, it can also be applied to other embodiments included in the present disclosure. The method can start from step 500.

[0086] In step 501, the cable core is formed. At step 502, a stopper, such as wire, is wound around the core. The coil spacing can be adapted to the application. The resistance element may protrude beyond the ends of the core to enable connection with the wires. At step 504, the band is formed and / or applied to the core with the resistance element to form a framing heater. The band may consist of at least one flange and a central section protruding from the contact surface of the ring radiator, which after installation is in contact with the heated object.

[0087] Step 506 includes forming the conductors taking into account appropriate resistance elements, such as conductor wires. The resistance elements of the conductor wires may be formed of materials other than the resistance element of the radiant heater. This makes it possible to heat the resistance element of the ring heater without heating the resistance elements of the wires. The cables can be equipped with appropriate insulating jackets covering the elements of the cables. The cable retaining elements can protrude from the shells, allowing connection to the resistance element of the radiant heater.

[0088] In step 508, the resistance element of the framing heater is connected to the resistance elements of the wires. The framing radiator and tubing resistors can be braided and / or clamped together at their respective connectors. In step 510, block connector terminals, such as molded blocks 56, are formed at the ends of the framing heater, connectors, and wire terminals.

[0089] In step 512, mounting brackets, such as mounting brackets 58, are placed on the ring heater. In step 514, the mounting brackets are fastened to terminals with a block connector. At step 516, a connecting member, such as connecting member 60, can be attached to one of the attachment hooks.

[0090] Fig. 18 shows another method for forming a radiant heater assembly. Although the method described in Fig. 18 relates primarily to the embodiments shown in Figs. 13-15, it can also be applied to other embodiments contained in this disclosure. The method can start from step 600.

[0091] In step 601, the cable core is formed. At step 602, a first resistance element, such as wire, is wound around the core. The coil spacing can be adapted to the application.

[0092] In step 604, the ends of the first resistance element are connected to the ends of the second and third resistance elements of the wires at the respective connectors. The second and third stop members may have jackets or conduits may be formed in step 606. The second and third stop members may be made of a different material than the first stop element. This makes it possible to heat the radiant heater without heating the wires.

[0093] At step 606, at least one shell may be formed and / or applied to the core, first, second and third abutment, and to the joints. At step 608, the band is formed and / or extruded including at least one flange and an open center channel profile. In step 610, splines are formed on the expanding sections of the band.

[0094] In step 612, at least one cable, connectors, and wire ends are press-fitted into the channel. Step 614 includes connecting the expansion sections to the hose clamps, such as the hose clamps 320, 322. The tie tube heater fasteners are used on the expansion sections. The splines are placed in the cut-outs of the framing radiator mounting sections and clamped to secure the cable ties to the heated cable tie. This avoids movement between the framing radiator and clamp. After bending the tabs and clamping them on the hose clamps, the edges of the tabs do not protrude laterally on the sides of the radiant heater, which increases safety when moving the radiant heater assembly.

[0095] The steps described above in Figs. 17 and 18 are merely illustrative examples; Depending on the application, the individual steps can be performed sequentially, synchronously, simultaneously, continuously, in overlapping periods of time or in different orders.

[0096] Figs. 19-21 show the rim heater assembly 650 with the tension control assembly 652 installed. Although the drawing shows the rim heater assembly 650 including a specific rim heater 654, mold blocks 656, 658, and mounting tabs 660, 662, the framing heater assembly 650 may consist of other ring heaters, molded blocks, and fastening tabs included in this disclosure. Other elements of the radiant heater assembly are shown, for example, in Fig. 1-15. The tension adjustment assembly 652 allows the tension and length to be adapted to suit different radiators and applications for which stress requirements are foreseen. Applications can relate to objects on which a framing radiator assembly can be installed. Thanks to the adjustable adjustment on the 652 strain adjustment assembly, installation of the framing radiator assembly on site is easier and faster. Adjustability also minimizes the number of different connecting elements used in the framing radiator assembly, such as springs of different sizes.

[0097] The tension adjustment assembly 652 may consist of the first and second terminals 653, 654 of the tension adjustment assembly. The first end of the tension adjustment assembly 653 is connected to the first attachment hitch 660. The second end of the tension adjustment assembly 654 is connected to the second attachment hitch 662. The tension adjustment assembly 652 is connected to the first and second end 668, 670 of the framing radiator 654 by means of attachment hooks 660 , 662. Tension adjusting assembly 652 includes a connecting member 664 (i.e., tensioning member) and a tension adjusting handle 666. Turning the tension adjusting handle 666 allows you to adjust the tension of the connecting member 665 (e.g., spring force), corresponding to or equal to the clamping force applied to the framing heater 654 The clamping force is responsible for keeping the first and second ends of the radiator 668, 670 at an appropriate distance from each other after installing the assembly on the site. By turning the tension adjustment handle 666, the length of the connecting element 664 can also be adjusted. The tension adjustment handle 666 can be turned by hand without the need for tools. The applied clamping force allows the 654 framing radiator to be kept fixed on the object. The clamping force also allows surface contact between the 654 framing radiator and the object.

[0098] The connecting element 664 may be, for example, a tensile spring, as shown in the drawing. Spring diameter, length, thickness and stiffness may vary depending on the application. The connecting element 665 may consist of a stretched section 684 (first section) and an unstretched section 685 (second section). Under operating conditions, the stretched end 684 is stretched and the unstretched end 685 rests loosely. Stretched section 684 includes the first end of the adjustment assembly (first end of the connecting member) 653. The first end of the adjustment assembly 653 may be terminated with the turn with hook 686. The turn with the hook is perpendicular to other turns of the connecting element 664, in line with the axis 687 of the connecting element 664, crossing this axis 687. A coil with a hook 686 is connected to the middle section 687 of the first fastening hook 688 at the first end of the heater 668. The second end 654 of the connecting member 664 is connected to the tension adjustment handle 666 and consists of a first set of turns 690 (e.g., turns 1-N, where N is an integer equal to 1 or greater). The first set of turns 690 is wound around the part for fixing the turns 692 on the tension adjustment handle 666. The stretch section 684 includes the second set of turns 694 (e.g., 1-M turns, where M is an integer equal to one or more).

[0099] The number of turns in the first set of turns 690 can be set simultaneously with the number of turns in the second set of turns 694 by turning the tension adjustment handle 666. When turning the tension adjustment handle 666 in the first direction, the number of turns N decreases and the number of turns M decreases. When turning the tension adjustment handle 666 in the second direction or in the opposite direction to the first, the number of turns N decreases and the number of turns M increases. To increase the tension on the connecting element 664 and / or the stretched section 684, rotate the tension adjustment handle to reduce the number of turns M and increase the number of turns N.

[0100] Turning the tension adjustment handle 666 about axis 687 allows you to adjust the tension of the stretched section 684 between the first attachment hook 658 and the tension adjustment handle 666. The tension adjustment handle 666 can be attached to the fastener 664 by screw or welded or clamped on the element fastening 664 permanently. The 666 tension adjustment handle can be made of metal, plastic, porcelain, etc. and take a variety of shapes.

[0101] The tension adjustment handle 666 is T-shaped and consists of a fastening hook 700 (head), gripping part 702 (body) and coil fastening part 692. The fastening hook 700 may have a hook 706 for attachment in the middle section to the second attachment clip 662. The connection of the attachment clip 706 can be inserted into the middle section 708 of the second attachment clip 662 or threaded through it using the hole or slot 710 in the middle section 708.

[0102] Grip portion 702 has wings 711 with a span corresponding to the overall width W1 measured perpendicular to axis 687. Wings 711 extend from axis 687 and protrude beyond the diameter of the first set of turns 682. The width W1 is greater than the diameter D1 of the connecting element 664. The installer can grip wings 711 and use them to rotate the tension adjustment handle 666. The overall width W1 may be approximately equal to the width W2 of the molded blocks 656, 658 or larger or smaller. The longer the blades 711, the less force is needed to rotate the tension adjustment handle 666 and adjust the number of turns into parts for fastening turns 692.

When installing the 650 radiator assembly, the installer can grab the wings 711 and stretch the connecting element 664.

[0103] The coil attachment part 692 extends longitudinally from the grip portion 702, parallel to axis 687 and connects to the second end of the connecting element 682. Axis 687 extends between the first and second ends of the connecting element 680, 682. Coil attachment part 692 it may consist of the first and second coil holders 714, 716 (being the fastening loops). Coil holders 714, 716 may end with a hook and extend longitudinally to the connecting member 664, across the outside of the connecting member and between its turns.

Each coil holder 714, 716 may consist of an inner segment 718, transverse segment 720 and outer segment 722. Inner segment 718 extends in longitudinal direction parallel to axis 687, entering inside 724 of connecting element 664 at a predetermined distance D2 . Transverse segment 720 extends from inner segment 718, across, in the opposite direction to axis 687 and passes between turns of connecting element 664. The outer segment 722 runs from the transverse segment 720 in the opposite direction as the inner segment 718.

[0105] The length L of the coil holders 714, 716 can be adjusted based on the predefined number of turns to be included in the first set of turns 690. The length L can be adapted to the application (i.e. to the used radiator assembly and the object on which the radiator assembly is installed), the clamping force required for the application, the clamping element used, etc. Length L can be adjusted for any number of turns of the connecting member 664. The turns of the connecting element 664 are screwed through and between the segments of the turns holders 714, 716. The distance between coil holders 714, 716 can also be adapted to the application. Although the illustrated coil holders 714, 716 diverge near the other end of the connecting member 654, the coil holders 714, 716 can be formed as a single element.

[0106] The first set of turns 690 is attached between the inner segments 718 and the outer segments 722 in the transverse direction opposite to the axis 687. The first segment of turns 690 is also between the wings 711 and the middle segments 720 in the longitudinal direction parallel to axis 687.

[0107] Sections 692, 700, 702 may be separate elements or may be integrated in a single-component manner as shown in the drawing. Sections 692, 700, 702 may include an inner hole 705 between the wings 711 and coil holders 714, 716 as shown in the drawing, or they may be formed as a homogeneous structure without the hole.

[0108] In one embodiment, the tension adjustment chuck 666 is in the form of a wire chuck 730 formed to form sections 692, 700, 702. The wire chuck 730 can be made, for example, of cold-rolled steel, aluminum and / or other metal or non-metallic materials. The tension adjustment handle 666 can be mounted symmetrically about axis 687.

[0109] Figs. 22-24 show a framing radiator assembly 750 with a tension adjustment assembly 752. A framing radiator assembly 750 is similar to a framing radiator assembly 650. A framing radiator assembly 750 consists of a framing radiator 654 and molded blocks 656, 658. A radiator assembly framing 750 is equipped with first and second fastening hooks with a hook 754, 756. The hooked center sections 758, 760 of the attachment hooks 754, 756 can be connected to the tension adjustment assembly 752. The tension adjustment assembly 752 includes the first and second ends of the adjustment assembly 762, 764, connecting member 766, and tension adjustment handle 768.

[0110] The first end of the tension adjustment assembly 762 is in the form of a turn with a hook 770 that extends along axis 772, perpendicular to other turns of the connecting member 766 and does not intersect axis 772. The turn with hook 770 is bent in the opposite direction to axis 772. Axis 772 extends along the center 774 of the connecting member 766. The other end of the tension adjustment assembly 764 is connected to the tension adjustment handle 768. The tension adjusting handle 768 consists of a fastening hook part 780, a gripping part 782 and coil fastening part 784. The fastening catch part 780 includes a middle section not finished with a hook 782 connected to the middle section 760 of the second mounting hook 756. The part for fastening the coils 784 is connected with connecting element 766 and includes coil holders 790, 792.

[0111] The middle section not finished with the hook 782 is bent away from the coil holders 790, 792 to facilitate alignment and connection with the middle section 760 of the second attachment clip 756. Center section 760 can be bent into a hook to guide it crosswise from the second formed block 658, through hole 794 in the tension adjustment handle 752 and around part of the attachment hook 780.

[0112] Fig. 25 shows a method of installing a framing radiator assembly on an object using adjustment of the framing radiator mounting force. Although the method described in Fig.

it applies primarily to the embodiments shown in Figs. 19-24, and can also be applied to other embodiments contained in this disclosure. The method can start from step 800.

[0113] In step 802, the first end of the tension adjustment assembly, such as one of the first ends 653 and 762, is connected to the first end of the radiator belonging to the framing radiator assembly and / or the first fastening tab. This may involve hooking the first end on the middle section of the first attachment clip, for example on one of the middle sections 687 and 758.

[0114] Step 804 is to adjust the tension of the connecting member of the tension adjustment assembly, such as one of the stretched sections of connecting members 664 and 766. Prior to installing the framing heater assembly on the site, initial tension adjustment may be performed. The tension can be adjusted by turning the tension adjustment handle. The tension adjustment handle can be turned to wind a predefined number of turns per winding length. An example of a predefined number of turns was presented as the first set of turns 690. Its can be shared by the stretch and unstretched connecting element. For example, the scroll may consist of the first and second parts. The first part may be wound onto a section for fixing the turns and form part of the first set of turns. The second part may remain part of the second set of turns in the stretched section.

[0115] The stress level may be pre-adjusted by the manufacturer. The stress level of the connecting element can be adjusted within the stress range defined by the upper and lower end point. The lower end point can be set to ensure that the framing radiator assembly will be properly attached to the object. The upper end point can be set to prevent exceeding the limit stress level for the connecting element.

[0116] At step 806, the framing radiator assembly is positioned above the object maintaining pre-determined and / or desired directions vertically and horizontally relative to the object. For example, this could mean that the framing radiator is wrapped around the crankcase, as shown in Figure 1.

[0117] In step 808, further tension adjustment of the stretched portion of the connecting member can be performed before proceeding to step 810. For example, before engaging the connecting member at the other end of the radial heater assembly and / or the second attachment hook, the user may specify that the tension level of the stretched portion should be less or greater than a predefined and / or desired stress level. This value can be defined, for example, as the number of turns in the first and second set of turns, or the total length of the tension control assembly, applied radiant heater assembly, etc.

[0118] In step 810, the other end of the tension adjustment assembly is secured to the other end of the radiator of the framing radiator assembly and / or the second fastening tab. Fastening may take place as follows: A) tightening at least one first end of the control assembly and the second end of the radiator; B) hooking the middle section of the tension adjustment handle on the middle section of the second mounting tab; and C) releasing at least one first end of the adjustment assembly and the second end of the heater. The first end of the adjustment assembly and the second securing hook can be terminated with a hook for connecting to the second first end of the adjustment assembly and the second securing hook.

[0119] In step 812, further adjustments can be made to the tension of the connecting member as may be required for various reasons. For example, after attaching to the other end of the heater, the user may define a stress level less or greater than a predefined and / or desired stress level. The stress level can be determined when installing the framing radiator assembly on the site and / or after a longer or predefined period of time has elapsed since the framing radiator assembly has been installed on the site.

[0120] As another example, the fastener may develop over time, resulting in a lower stress level of the fastener to less than the predefined and / or desired level. This may be due to the operating environment and temperatures of the radiant heater assembly. The reduction in stress level may also be the result of structural and / or material changes in the connecting element and / or framing radiator assembly elements that develop over time. To adjust the tension, you can: 1) remove the tension adjustment handle from the other end of the heater and / or the second fastening tab; 2) adjust the tension level by turning the tension adjustment handle; and 3) reassemble the tension adjustment handle at the other end of the heater and / or the second fastening clip.

[0121] The steps described above in Fig. 25 are merely illustrative examples; Depending on the application, the individual steps can be performed sequentially, synchronously, simultaneously, continuously, in overlapping periods of time or in different orders.

[0122] The above-described embodiments provide framing radiator assemblies with efficient thermal energy flow characteristics. Framing radiator assemblies ensure direct contact between the cable and the heated object, ensuring uniformity and continuity of contact with the heated object in longitudinal and transverse directions. This minimizes the formation of gaps and reduces the contact surface temperatures of the framing radiator, which translates into longer service life of the framing radiator assembly. Framing radiator assemblies are designed to minimize material and production costs as well as complexity.

[0123] The broadly understood instructions contained in the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms. Therefore, although the present disclosure includes specific examples, its actual scope is not so limited, because after studying the drawings, specifications and the claims below, other modifications will emerge.