High concentration antibody-containing liquid formulation
Abstract
This record has no abstract on file.
Term
2.3 yearsto projected expiry
Projected expiry 26 December 2028, counted from filing; an application has no term until it is granted.
- Priority
- Filed
- Published
- Today
- Projected expiry
1 claim: 1 independent, 0 dependent
- 1Zastrzeżenia patentowe 3, zawierający mg/ml. 3, zawierający mg/ml. 3, zawierający mg/ml. 1. Stabilny ciekły preparat zawierający przeciwciało, zawierający 40 do 1000 mM argininy i od 10 do 200 mM metioniny. 2. Preparat według zastrz. 1, zawierający ponadto histydynowy środek buforujący. 3. Preparat według zastrz. 2, zawierający ponadto środek powierzchniowo czynny. 4. Preparat według zastrz. przeciwciało w ilości co najmniej 50 mg/ml. 5. Preparat według zastrz. przeciwciało w ilości co najmniej 100 mg/ml. 6. Preparat według zastrz. przeciwciało w ilości co najmniej 120 mg/ml. 7. Preparat według dowolnego z zastrz. 4-6, w którym przeciwciałem jest przeciwciało przeciwko receptorowi IL-6. 8. Preparat według dowolnego z zastrz. 4-7, mający pH w zakresie 4 do 8. według zastrz. 8, w którym przeciwciało humanizowane lub 9. Preparat przeciwciałem jest przeciwciało ludzkie 10. Preparat według zastrz. 8, w którym przeciwciałem jest przeciwciało humanizowane przeciwko receptorowi IL-6, ilość środka powierzchniowo czynnego wynosi 0,0001 do 10% (wag./obj.), stężenie roztworu buforu histydynowego wynosi 1 do 500 mM, a stężenie przeciwciała wynosi 50 do 300 mg/ml. 11. Preparat według zastrz. 8, w którym przeciwciałem jest przeciwciało humanizowane MRA przeciwko receptorowi IL-6, stężenie argininy wynosi od 50 do 700 mM, stężenie metioniny wynosi 10 do 100 mM, ilość polisorbatu 80 jako środka powierzchniowo czynnego wynosi 0,005 do 3% (wag./obj.), stężenie roztworu buforu histydynowego wynosi 5 do 100 mM, a stężenie przeciwciała wynosi 100 do 300 mg/ml. 12. Preparat według zastrz. 10 albo 11, zawierający ponadto tryptofan. 13. Preparat według zastrz. 10 albo 11, którego lepkość wynosi 2 do 15 mPa . s. 14. Preparat według zastrz. 10 albo 11, który jest stabilny w temperaturze 22-28°C przez co najmniej 6 miesięcy. 15. Preparat według zastrz. 10 albo 11, w którym dimeryzacja cząsteczek przeciwciała jest zahamowana. 16. Preparat według zastrz. 10 albo 11, w którym deamidacja cząsteczek przeciwciała jest zahamowana. 17. Preparat według zastrz. 10 albo 11, który jest przeznaczony do podawania podskórnego. 18. Preparat według zastrz. 10 albo 11, którego w czasie wytwarzania nie poddaje się liofilizacji. 19. Sposób hamowania dimeryzacji cząsteczek przeciwciała w preparacie ciekłym zawierającym przeciwciało, obejmujący dodawanie do preparatu ciekłego argininy i metioniny. 20. Sposób według zastrz. 19, w którym przeciwciało jest to humanizowane przeciwciało przeciwko receptorowi IL-6, a preparat zawiera 50 do 300 mg/ml przeciwciała, 1 do 500 mM histydynowego środka buforującego i 0,0001 do 10% (wag./obj.) środka powierzchniowo czynnego, a jego pH wynosi 4 do 8, i w którym argininę dodaje się do preparatu w ilości 40 do 1000 mM, a metioninę w ilości 10 do 200 mM. 21. Sposób według zastrz. 19, w którym przeciwciało jest to przeciwciało humanizowane MRA przeciwko receptorowi IL-6, preparat zawiera 100 do 300 mg/ml przeciwciała, 5 do 100 mM histydynowego środka buforującego i 0,005 do 3% (wag./obj.) polisorbatu 80, a jego pH wynosi od 4 do 8, i w którym do preparatu dodaje się argininę w ilości 50 do 700 mM i metioninę w ilości 10 do 100 mM. Chugai Seiyaku Kabushiki Kaisha F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG Pełnomocnik:2O £ Fig. 3 0.0 - J '- 1 - 1 ---0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Całkowite stężenie środka stabilizującego (mM) A Arg/Met - Arg Fig. 5 μι Q_ ........................ ........... I----- -1-1-1- I-1 50 100 150 200 250 300 Całkowite stężenie środka stabilizującego (mM) Pik Pre (%) Fig. 8 Arg/Met —* Arg/Met Arg O 50 100 150 200 250 300 Całkowite stężenie środka stabilizującego Całkowite stężenie środka stabilizującego mM Fig. 7
229 paragraphs in 3 sections, as filed
containing the antibody, especially a stable liquid preparation containing the antibody in high concentration.
antibody preparations
BACKGROUND ART A variety of antibodies have been developed and put into practice in recent years. Many such preparations are used as intravenous injections. However, due to the needs of clinical centers, there is an increasing need for the development of preparations containing antibodies that can be administered by the patient himself in the form of subcutaneous injections.
When developing an antibody formulation for subcutaneous injection, since the dose of antibody per administration is large (about 100 mg to 200 mg) and the amount of solution that can be injected subcutaneously is usually limited, it is necessary to increase the antibody concentration in liquid to be administered. For this reason, in many cases, high-concentration preparations are used, produced by the lyophilization and concentration method, in which the lyophilized preparation is reconstituted in water with a volume smaller than before lyophilization. However, there is a significant need for a liquid preparation that does not need to be reconstituted and that is easy to handle. While the increase in the viscosity of the formulation due to the addition of a cryoprotective agent such as sugar in the preparation of a lyophilized formulation is not preferred for a subcutaneous injection formulation, it is expected that this problem could be avoided if the formulation were a liquid formulation.
viscosities, proteins and aggregates;
disintegrating.
[0004] Solutions containing the antibody at high concentration tend to form solutions with high macromolecular properties due to the intermolecular protein interactions. In addition, degradation occurs in cases where the protein is stored in a highly concentrated solution, causing problems such as the formation of insoluble and / or soluble. instances where liquid is likely to have insoluble aggregates. As the liquid formulation is stored for a long time, the problem arises of diminution / loss due to how bioactivity of the antibody molecules ensure the deamidation of amino acid residues such as aspartic.
[0005] Various concepts for a stabilized formulation have been proposed, in which the loss of the active ingredient is low even after long-term storage of the formulation. Such formulations are prepared by dissolving the active ingredient and various additives in a buffer solution. However, in the case of liquid formulations containing high concentrations of antibodies, there is as yet no technology sufficient to prevent dimerization and deamidation. WO 2004/091658 and US 2004/0191243 disclose highly concentrated, stable antibody preparations containing, for example, arginine. WO 2007/074880 (see also EP 1977763) discloses antibody-containing lyophilized formulations containing, for example, arginine for the inhibition of dimer formation.
[0006] There is a need to provide high concentration antibody formulations which inhibit dimerization and deamidation over long term storage and which are both stable and suitable for subcutaneous administration.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED BY THE INVENTION [0007] It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid preparation containing an antibody at a high concentration, in which dimerization and deamidation are inhibited during long-term storage, and which is stable and suitable for subcutaneous administration.
MEANS FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEM [0008] The present inventors have carried out extensive research to achieve the above goal, and as a result of these studies, have found that a stable, high-concentration antibody liquid formulation can be prepared by adding the amino acid arginine or a salt thereof as stabilizing agent. and thereby have accomplished the present invention.
[0009] That is, the present invention relates to:
(1) A stable liquid antibody formulation containing 40 to 1000 mM of arginine and 10 to 200 mM of methionine.
(2) A method of antibody, inhibiting dimerization in a liquid formulation, comprising adding arginine and methionine to the particles containing the liquid formulation.
ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION [0010] The present invention provides a liquid preparation containing the antibody in a high concentration, so that it is not necessary to change the formulation by concentration by lyophilization, thus the preparation does not need to be reconstituted. The liquid preparation containing the antibody of the present invention can be stored in the liquid state for a long time. Since the antibody-containing liquid preparation of the present invention can be produced by a process that does not include a lyophilization step, it is not necessary to add sugar or other such material as a cryoprotecting agent.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES [0011]
Fig. 1 shows a typical chromatogram of Example 1. Fig. 2 shows the results of the evaluation of Gel Permeation Chromatography (SEC) in Example 1.
Figure 3 shows the results of the Gel Permeation Chromatography (SEC) evaluation in Example 1.
Fig. 4 shows a typical chromatogram of example 2. Fig. 5 shows the results of the evaluation of the ion exchange chromatography (IEC) in example 2.
Fig. 6 shows the results of the ion exchange chromatography (IEC) evaluation in Example 2.
Fig. 7 shows the results of the Gel Permeation Chromatography (SEC) evaluation in Example 3.
Fig. 8 shows the results of the ion exchange chromatography (IEC) evaluation in Example 3.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will now be described in detail.
[0013] According to the present invention, the term "antibody-containing liquid preparation" means a liquid preparation containing the antibody as an active ingredient, prepared in such a way that it can be administered to an animal, such as a human, and preferably produced by a process not involving a lyophilization step.
[0014] The antibody liquid preparation of the present invention is a high concentration liquid pharmaceutical preparation wherein the antibody concentration is preferably not less than 50 mg / ml, more preferably not less than 100 mg / ml, even more preferably not less than 120 mg. / ml and even more preferably not less than 150 mg / ml. It should be noted that a liquid formulation containing the antibody at a concentration of 120 mg / ml or greater, or preferably 150 mg / ml or greater, has not yet been developed for commercial use. Namely, the present invention makes it possible for the first time to introduce into use a formulation containing an antibody in a liquid concentration.
[0015] such a large production,
Moreover, the process considering the highest concentration of antibody in the liquid preparation of the present invention may typically be 300 mg / ml, preferably 250 mg / ml, and more preferably 200 mg / ml. The concentration of the antibody in the antibody liquid preparation according to the present invention is therefore preferably from 50 to 300 mg / ml, more preferably from 100 to
300 mg / ml, even more preferably from 120 to 250 mg / ml and even more preferably from 150 to 200 mg / ml.
[0016] There is no limitation on the antibody to be used according to the present invention as long as it binds to the desired antigen. The antibody may be a polyclonal antibody or a monoclonal antibody, although a monoclonal antibody is preferred as an antibody with uniform properties can be produced stably.
[0017] Monoclonal antibodies that can be used according to the present invention include not only monoclonal antibodies derived from animals such as human, mouse, rat, hamster, rabbit, sheep, camel or monkey, but also artificially modified recombinant antibodies such as such as chimeric antibodies, humanized antibodies, and bispecific antibodies. There is no restriction on the immunoglobulin class of an antibody: the antibody can be any class of immunoglobulin, including one of the IgG classes, such as IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4, IgA, IgD, IgE, and IgM. Of these classes, IgG and IgM are preferred.
[0018] The antibody that can be used according to the present invention includes not only whole antibodies, but also antibody fragments such as Fv, Fab and F (ab) 2, and low molecular weight antibodies such as single chain Fv (scFv, sc (Fv) 2 and diabodies, such as scFv dimer), having one or more specificities, produced by binding of antibody variable regions through a linker such as a peptide linker.
[0019] The above-described antibodies that can be used in the present invention can be produced by methods well known to those skilled in the art.
[0020] The monoclonal antibody-producing hybridoma can be prepared in the following manner by a substantially known method. That is, a hybridoma can be produced with the antigen desired by immunizing the animal with the desired one or with cells expressing the antigen as a sensitizing antigen, by a standard method; by fusing the resulting immunocytes with known parental cells by standard cell fusion methods; and by screening the monoclonal antibody (hybridoma) by a standard screening method. Hybridoma production can be carried out, for example, by the method of Milstein et al. (Kohler G. and Milstein, C., Methods Enzymol. (1981) 73: 3-46). In cases where the immunogenicity of the antigen is low, the antigen can be bound to an antigenic macromolecule such as albumin, and the resulting conjugate can be used as an immunogen.
[0021] Recombinant antibodies can be used, produced by genetic recombination in which the antigen gene is cloned from the hybridoma, the gene is inserted into an appropriate vector, introduced and produced, see.
the production cell vector into the antibody host in the K. host, Borrebaeck,
James,
IN.
for example, Carl, A. Larrick, THERAPEUTIC
MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES, published in Great Britain by MACMILLAN PUBLISHERS LTD, 1990). More specifically, cDNA encoding the variable region (V region) of an antibody is synthesized from the hybridoma mRNA using reverse transcriptase. If a DNA encoding the V region of a desired antibody is obtained, the DNA is then ligated to DNA encoding the constant region (C region) of the desired antibody, and the obtained antibody antibody is
The ligated DNA is inserted into the expression vector. Alternatively, DNA encoding the antibody V region can be incorporated into an expression vector containing DNA encoding the antibody C region. The DNA is integrated into an expression vector such that the DNA is expressed under the control of an expression regulatory region such as an enhancer or promoter. The host cells are then transformed with the expression vector obtained, and the antibody can be expressed in the host cells.
[0022] Recombinant antibodies artificially modified to reduce their heteroantigenicity for humans, such as chimeric and humanized antibodies, can be used in the present invention. The modified ones can be made by known methods.
A chimeric antibody is an antibody containing heavy chain and light chain variable regions in a non-human antibody such as a mouse and heavy chain and light chain constant regions in a human antibody, and may be obtained by ligation.
DNA encoding the variable region in a murine antibody with DNA encoding the constant region in a human antibody,
The DNA into the vector, incorporating the resulting expression vector, introducing the expression vector into the host, and causing the host to produce the antibody.
[0023] A humanized antibody is also called a reshaped human antibody; they are achieved by grafting a CDR (complementarity determining region), for example, of a murine antibody into the complementarity determining region of a human antibody. A standard method of genetic recombination for producing a humanized antibody is also known. Specifically, by PCR, several oligonucleotides, prepared with partially overlapping regions at their ends, are prepared to produce DNA designed such that the CDRs of the murine antibody and the framework region (FR) of the human antibody are ligated. The obtained DNA is ligated to DNA encoding the constant region of a human antibody, and the obtained DNA is inserted into an expression vector. An expression vector is introduced into the host, thereby causing the host to produce a humanized antibody (see EP 239400 A and WO 96/02576). For the FR of the human antibody to be ligated via CDR, one whose complementarity determining region forms a good antigen-binding site is selected. When necessary, one or more amino acids in the complementarity determining region may be substituted such that the complementarity determining region of the reshaped human antibody forms a suitable antigen-binding site (Sato, K. et al., Cancer Res. (1993) 53). , 851-856).
[0024] Methods for the preparation of human antibodies are known in the art. For example, a desired human antibody having binding activity for a desired antigen can be obtained by sensitizing, in vitro, human lymphocytes with the desired antigen or cells expressing the desired antigen, fusing the sensitized lymphocytes with human myeloma cells, such as, for example, U266 cells, and obtaining the antibody from cells (see JP 1-59878 B). The desired human antibody can also be obtained by immunizing with an antigen of a transgenic animal having the entire gene repertoire of human antibodies (see WO 93/12227, WO 92/03918, WO 94/02602, WO 94/25585, WO 96/34096 and WO 96/33735) . A method in which the human antibody is obtained by panning with a human antibody library may also be chosen. For example, the variable region of a human antibody is expressed as a single chain antibody (scFv) on the surface of a phage using a phage display method; one can choose a phage that binds to the antigen. By analyzing the gene of the selected phage, the sequence of the DNA encoding the variable region of the human antibody that binds to the antigen can be determined. Once the antigen-binding DNA sequence of the scFv has been determined, an appropriate expression vector containing the sequence is constructed, and a humanized antibody can be generated. These methods are well known: reference may be made in this regard to WO 92/01047, WO 92/20791, WO 93/06213, WO 93/11236, WO 93/19172, WO 95/01438 and WO 95/15388.
[0025] In cases where an antibody gene is isolated and introduced into a suitable host to produce the antibody, appropriate combinations of the host and expression vector may be used. When eukaryotic cells are used as hosts, animal cells, plant cells, and fungal cells can be used. Known animal cells include (1) mammalian cells, e.g., CHO, COS, myeloma, BHK (baby hamster kidney cells), Hela, and Vero cells; (2) amphibian cells, for example Xenopus oocytes, and (3) insect cells, for example, sf9, sf21 and Tn5. Known plant cells include cells derived from plants belonging to the genus Nicotiana, for example z
Nicotiana tabacum; the cells can be callus cultured. Known fungal cells include cells derived from yeasts, for example from yeasts belonging to the genus Saccharomyces, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and from filamentous fungi, for example from the genus Aspergillus, such as Aspergillus niger. When prokaryotic cells are used, there are production systems that use bacterial cells. Known bacterial cells include E cells. coli and Bacillus subtilis cells. The antibody is obtained by introducing the gene of the desired antibody of these cells by transforming and culturing the transformed cells in vitro.
[0026] Antibodies in the form of antibody fragments, low molecular weight antibodies, and modified antibodies may also be used as the antibodies of the present invention. Examples of antibody fragments and low molecular weight antibodies include Fab, F (ab ')<sub>2</sub>, Fv and Fv single chain (scFv, sc (Fv) 2 and the like) with one or more specificities, produced by ligation of Fv in the H chain and L chain via a suitable linker (Huston, JS et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (1988) 85, 58795883). Specifically, the antibody is treated with papain or pepsin to generate antibody fragments, or a gene encoding these antibody fragments is constructed, and the gene is expressed in appropriate host cells after the gene is introduced into an expression vector (see, for example, Co, MS et al., T Immunol. (1994) 152, 2968-2976; Better, M. and Horwitz, AH, Methods Enzymol. (1989) 178, 476-496; Pluckthun, A. and Skerra, A., Methods Enzymol. (1989) 178 , 497-515;
Lamoyi, E., Methods Enzymol, (1986) 121, 652-663;
Rousseaux, J. et al., Methods Enzymol. (1986) 121, 663 669; Bird, RE and Walker, BW, Trends Biotechnol. (1991) 9, 132-137.
[0027] Antibodies attached to various molecules such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) can also be used as modified antibodies. The term "antibody" as used in the present invention also includes these modified antibodies. These modified antibodies can be obtained by chemically modifying the obtained antibody. Modes for carrying out the modification are known in the art. [0028] Examples of antibodies included in the preparation of the present invention include, but are not limited to, anti-tissue factor antibodies, anti-IL-6 receptor antibodies, anti-IL-6 antibodies, monoclonal antibodies against the HM1.24 antigen, antibodies against a peptide structurally similar to parathyroid hormone ( anti-PTHrP antibodies), anti-glypican 3 antibodies, anti-GM3 ganglioside antibodies, anti-TPO receptor antagonist antibodies, factor VIII replacement antibodies, anti-CD3 antibodies, anti-CD20 antibodies, anti-GPIIb / IIIa antibodies, anti-TNF antibodies, anti-CD25 antibodies, anti-EGFR antibodies, anti-Her2 / neu antibodies, anti-RSV antibodies, anti-CD33 antibodies , anti-CD52 antibodies, anti-IgE antibodies, anti-CD11a antibodies, anti-VEGF antibodies, anti-VLA4 antibodies, anti-AXL antibodies, and so on.
[0029] Preferred examples of human glypican antibodies preferred from the present reshaped used in the present invention include humanized anti-interleukin receptor (IL-6) antibodies - hPM-1 or MRA - (see WO 9219759), humanized monoclonal antibodies against an anti- HM1.24 (see WO 98-14580), humanized antibodies against a peptide structurally similar to parathyroid hormone (anti-PTHrP antibodies) (see WO 98-13388), humanized anti-tissue factor antibodies (see WO 99-51743) and humanized IgG1x antibodies against 3 (see PCT / JP05 / 013103). Especially the humanized antibodies of the invention are humanized anti-IL-6 receptor antibodies.
[0030] As human IgM antibodies, recombinant human IgM antibodies against GM3 ganglioside (see WO 05-05636) and the like are preferred. [0031] As low molecular weight antibodies, anti-TPO receptor antagonist diabodies (see WO 02-33072), anti-CD47 agonist diabodies (see WO 01-66737), and the like are preferred.
[0032] In order to evaluate the storage stability of the high concentration liquid formulation containing the antibody, the present inventors investigated the effect of various additives by conducting accelerated studies using elevated temperature and increased light intensity. As a result of these studies, it was found that in solutions in which the antibody was dissolved in a high concentration in a buffer solution containing the amino acid arginine, the amount of formed dimer was lower than in solutions to which no arginine was added. Based on these results, it was concluded that arginine is an effective dimerization-inhibiting stabilizer. Then, in solutions where the antibody at a high concentration of the buffer containing an inhibitory concentration against a concentration lower than the concentration itself was dissolved in the arginine and methionine solution, the dimerization effect was observed with total arginine and methionine, arginine necessary to obtain the same inhibitory effect. Based on these results, it was concluded that the combination of arginine and methionine produces a synergistic effect. The addition of arginine has also been found to inhibit the deamidation of antibody molecules. Examples of these results are the test results obtained with a sample containing a humanized anti-IL-6 receptor antibody at a concentration of 180 mg / ml.
[0033] By adding arginine as a stabilizing agent, therefore, a stable antibody preparation can be provided in which antibody dimerization is reduced and deamidation of the antibody is prevented. [0034] Moreover, as described above, the antibody liquid preparation of the present invention additionally comprises methionine in solution, whereby the combination of arginine and methionine results in a synergistic effect. One aspect of the present invention is thus characterized by the addition of arginine and methionine to the solution whereby, in particular, dimerization of the antibody molecules is inhibited in the resulting antibody-containing liquid formulation. Accordingly, one embodiment of a stable, liquid antibody formulation is characterized in containing the antibody, arginine and methionine in a buffer solution.
[0035] As the arginine used in the present invention, any of the arginine compounds per se, its derivatives and its salts can be used. L-arginine and its salts are preferred. As the methionine to be used in the present invention, any of the methionine compounds per se, its derivatives and its salts can be used. L-methionine and its salts are preferred.
[0036] When arginine and methionine are included in the antibody liquid formulation of the present invention, the total concentration of arginine and methionine is preferably 50 to 1200 mM; more preferably, the concentration of arginine is 50 to 700 mM and the concentration of methionine is 10 to 100 mM; even more preferably, the concentration of arginine is 100 to 300 mM and the concentration of methionine is 10 to 50 mM.
[0037] The buffer solution is prepared using a buffering agent which is a substance to maintain the pH of the solution. The pH of the high concentration antibody liquid formulation of the present invention is preferably 4 to 8, more preferably 5.0 to 7.5, even more preferably 5.5 to 7.2 and even more preferably 6.0 to 6.5. A buffering agent that can be used in the present invention is an agent that can adjust the pH within this range and is pharmaceutically acceptable. Such buffering agents are known to those skilled in the art; examples of such agents include inorganic salts such as salts of phosphoric acid (sodium or potassium) and sodium bicarbonate, organic acid salts such as salts of citric acid (sodium or potassium), sodium acetate and sodium succinate, and acids such as phosphoric acid , carbonic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, malic acid, and gluconic acid. Buffers can also be used
Tris, Good's buffers such as MES, MOPS and HEPES, histidine (e.g., histidine hydrochloride) and glycine. The buffer in the high concentration antibody liquid preparation of the present invention is preferably a histidine buffer or a glycine buffer; a histidine buffer is particularly preferred. The concentration of the buffer solution is usually up to 500 mM, preferably 5 to 100 mM, even more preferably 10 to 20 mM. When a histidine buffer is used, the buffer solution contains histidine at a concentration of preferably 5 to 25 mM, more preferably 10 to 20 mM.
[0038] In the case of a "stable" liquid formulation containing the antibody at high concentration according to the present invention, no significant changes are observed when it is stored at refrigerated temperature (from up to 8 ° C) for at least 12 months, preferably for 2 years, more preferably for 3 years. years; or, when stored at room temperature (22 to 28 ° C) - for at least 3 months, preferably 6 months, more preferably 1 year. For example, the sum of the dimers and breakdown products in the formulation when stored at 5 ° C for 2 years is 5.0% or less, preferably 2% or less, and more preferably 1.5% or less; or the sum of dimers and breakdown products in the formulation when stored at 25 ° C for 6 months is 5.0% or less, preferably 2% or less, more preferably 1.5% or less.
[0039] The formulation of the present invention may also contain a surfactant.
[0040] Typical examples of surfactants include nonionic surfactants such as, for example, sorbitan fatty acid esters such as sorbitan monocaprylate, sorbitan monolaurate and sorbitan monopalmitate; fatty acid esters of glycerol such as glycerol monocaprylate, glycerol monomyristate, and glycerol monostearate; fatty acid polyglycerol esters such as decaglyceryl monostearate, decaglyceryl distearate, and decaglyceryl monolinoleate; polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan trioleinate and polyoxyethylene sorbitan tristearate; polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan tetrastearate and polyoxyethylene sorbitan tetraoleate; polyoxyethylene glycerin fatty acid esters such as polyoxyethylene glyceryl monostearate; fatty acid esters of polyethylene glycol, such as polyethylene; such as polyoxyethylenealkyl glycol distearate, lauryl polyoxyethylene;
polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl, such as polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycol ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene propyl and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene cetyl; polyoxyethylenealkylphenyl such as polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl; polyoxyethylene cured oil such as polyoxyethylene castor oil and polyoxyethylene cured castor oil (castor oil, hydrogenated ethers, ethers, such as ether ethers, polyoxyethylene castor ether); polyoxyethylene beeswax derivatives such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan beeswax derivatives; polyoxyethyleneolanolin derivatives such as polyoxyethyleneolanolin; surfactants with an HLB of 6 to 18, such as polyoxyethylene fatty acid amides, for example polyoxyethylene octadecanamide; anionic surfactants, for example, alkyl sulfate salts having a C 10 -C 18 alkyl group such as sodium cetyl sulfate, sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium oleyl sulfate; salts of polyoxyethylene alkyl sulfate ethers wherein the average number of moles of ethylene oxide units added is from 2 to 4 and the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group is from 10 to 18, such as polyoxyethylene sodium lauryl sulfate; alkyl sulfosuccinate salts containing a C8-C18 alkyl group such as sodium lauryl sulfosuccinate; natural surfactants such as lecithin and glycerophospholipids; sphingophospholipids such as sphingomyelin; and sucrose esters of C12-C18 containing fatty acids. These surfactants may be added to the formulation of the present invention individually, or two or more of these surfactants may be added in combination.
[0041] Preferred surfactants are polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl ethers; polysorbates 20, 21, 40, 60, 65, 80, 81 and 85 and pluronic surfactants are particularly preferred. Most preferred are polysorbates 20 and 80 and Pluronic F-68 (Poloxamer 188).
[0042] The amount of surfactant (or surfactants) to be added to the antibody formulation of the present invention is usually 0.0001 to 10% (w / v), preferably 0.001 to 5%, more preferably 0.005 to 3%.
[0043] In another aspect of the present invention, the formulation of the present invention preferably consists essentially of the following ingredients:
A) anti-IL-6 receptor antibody;
B) arginine and methionine, and additionally another amino acid or amino acids (e.g. tryptophan) as optional ingredient or ingredients;
C) buffering agent or agents;
D) surfactant or agents.
[0044] The term "consist essentially of" as used herein means that no ingredient other than the ingredients normally added to formulations is included in the formulation, ingredients normally added to formulations being optional additional ingredients as described below, such as suspending agents, solubilizers, isotonic agents, preservatives, adsorption inhibitors, diluents, carriers, pH adjusters, softeners, sulfur-containing reducing agents and antioxidants.
[0045] The above-described "B) arginine and methionine, and additionally another amino acid or amino acids (for example tryptophan) as optional ingredient or ingredients" are intended to include instances where the formulation contains arginine and methionine, and also includes instances where the formulation additionally contains a different amino acid or amino acids. A preferred example of another amino acid or amino acids is tryptophan. As tryptophan, any tryptophan compound per the present suspension, isotonicity, se, derivatives, and salts thereof can be used. L-tryptophan and its salts are preferred.
[0046] If necessary, a solubilizing agent, a preserving agent, an adsorption inhibitor, a diluent, a carrier, a pH-adjusting agent, a softening agent, a sulfur-containing reducing agent, an antioxidant and the like can be added to the formulation of the invention. [0047] Examples of suspending agents include methyl cellulose, polysorbate 80, hydroxyethyl cellulose, gum arabic, powdered tragacanth, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate.
[0048] Examples of the solubilizing agents include polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, polysorbate 80, nicotinamide, polyoxyethylene sorbitan, macrogol and castor oil fatty acids.
[0049] Examples of isotonic agents include sodium chloride, potassium chloride and calcium chloride. [0050] Examples of preservatives include methyl-p-hydroxybenzoate, ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate, sorbic acid, phenol, cresol and chlorocresol.
[0051] Examples of adsorption inhibiting agents include human serum albumin, lecithin, dextran, ethylene oxide-propylene oxide copolymer, hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, and polyethylene glycol.
[0052] Examples of sulfur-containing reducing agents include compounds containing an ethyl ether sulfhydryl monolaurate group or groups, such as N-acetylcysteine, N-acetylhomocysteine, lipoic acid, thiodiglycol, thioethanolamine, thioglycerol, thiosorbitol, thioglycolic acid and its salts, thioglycolate and its salts, C.<sub>1</sub>-C<sub>7</sub>-thioalkanes.
[0053] Examples of antioxidants include isoascorbic acid, dibutylhydroxytoluene, butylated hydroxyanisole, α-tocopherol, tocopherol acetate, L-ascorbic acid and its salts, L-ascorbyl palmitate, L-ascorbyl stearate, sodium bisulfite, sodium triamite, gallate, propyl gallate; and chelating agents such as disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA), sodium pyrophosphate, and sodium metaphosphate.
[0054] The liquid formulation containing the antibody of the present invention is typically administered by the parenteral route, for example by injection (subcutaneous, intravenous, intramuscular, or the like), transdermal, transmucosal, intranasal or pulmonary administration, but may also be administered orally. When injected subcutaneously, the dose of the antibody per administration is high (about 100-200 mg), while the amount of injection solution is limited, the formulation of the present invention is therefore particularly suitable for subcutaneous injection.
[0055] The osmotic pressure ratio of the liquid preparation containing the antibody of the present invention is preferably about 0.5-4, more preferably about 0.7-2, and even more preferably about 1.
[0056] The viscosity of the antibody liquid formulation of the present invention is preferably about 2-15 mPa's, more preferably about 4-10 mPa's.<sup>.</sup>s. Note that the viscosity described herein is measured by the rotational viscometer method using a cone-plate type viscometer in accordance with Ch.
2.53 - "Viscosity Determination / General Tests", Japanese Pharmacopeia, ed. 15.
[0057] As can be seen from the results of the examples described below, a stable liquid preparation can be prepared in which the dimerization and deamidation of the antibody during long-term storage is low by adding arginine alone, or arginine and methionine, or methionine alone to the preparation.
[0058] According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of inhibiting antibody dimerization in a liquid preparation containing antibodies, the method comprising adding arginine and methionine to the preparation.
[0059] In the two methods described above, the antibody is preferably an anti-IL-6 receptor antibody, which is a humanized antibody or a human antibody.
[0060] The present invention will now be described in more detail by means of the examples given below. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[Examples]
Antibody sample [0061] The humanized antibody against the IL-6 receptor was a humanized antibody produced by the method described in Reference Example 2 of JP 8-99902 A using the human extension factor Ia promoter described in Example 10 of WO 92/19759. This antibody will sometimes be referred to as "MRA" in the tables of the examples.
EXAMPLE 1
Stabilizing Effects Achieved by Combination of Arginine and Methionine [0062] Liquid formulations containing humanized anti-IL-6 receptor antibody were evaluated for the stabilization effect of the formulations obtained by using the combination of arginine and methionine. [0063] For this study to evaluate the effects of a combination of arginine and methionine, samples for evaluation were prepared and numbered A1 to A9. The composition of the samples for evaluation was as follows:
[0064]
Table 1-1]
<td colspan="8">[Composition]</td>
<td>No. samples</td><td>Antibody mg / ml</td><td>Arg mM</td><td>Underworld</td><td>mM</td><td>Polysorbate 80 mg / ml</td><td>Buffer histidine mM</td><td>pH</td>
<td>A1</td><td> 180</td><td> -</td><td colspan="2"> -</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
<td>A2</td><td> 180</td><td> 50</td><td colspan="2"> -</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
<td>A3</td><td> 180</td><td> 100</td><td colspan="2"> -</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
<td>A4</td><td> 180</td><td> 150</td><td colspan="2"> -</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
<td>A5</td><td> 180</td><td> 200</td><td colspan="2"> -</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
<td>A6</td><td> 180</td><td> 300</td><td colspan="2"> -</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
<td>A7</td><td> 180</td><td> 100</td><td colspan="2"> 10</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
<td>A8</td><td> 180</td><td> 100</td><td colspan="2"> 30</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
<td>A9</td><td> 190</td><td> 100</td><td colspan="2"> 50</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
[0065] Samples A1 to A6 are comparative examples. [0066] To evaluate the stability of liquid formulations, each of the samples was subjected to an acceleration test by exposure to elevated temperature (storage at 40 ° C for 3 months and at 25 ° C for 6 months, respectively). The purity of the antibody before the acceleration test by exposure to elevated temperature and after this test was assessed by gel permeation chromatography (SEC). The analysis conditions were as follows:
[Gel Permeation Chromatography] [0067] The sample was used as the assay solution without changing its form.
One microliter of the assay solution was liquid chromatographed and the area of the dimer, monomer and low molecular weight (LMW) breakdown products peaks was measured by an automated method.
<td colspan="2">analytical, determining their quantity</td><td colspan="3"> (%).</td>
<td>[Table</td><td> 1-2]</td><td></td><td></td><td></td>
<td>Conditions</td><td>analytical</td><td></td><td></td><td></td>
<td> [0069]</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>
<td>Column</td><td>: TSKgel G3000SWx1 7.8 mm I.</td><td>D. x 30</td><td>cm (</td><td>TOSOH)</td>
<td colspan="2">Mobile phase: phosphate buffer,</td><td>pH 7.0</td><td> (50</td><td>mmol / l</td>
<td>buffer</td><td colspan="2">phosphate, pH 7.0, containing</td><td> 300</td><td>mmol / l</td>
sodium chloride and 0.05% sodium azide)
Sample amount injected: approximately 180 μg based on humanized anti-IL-6 receptor antibody Flow rate: 1 ml / min
Detection wavelength: 280 nm [Formula 1]
Calculation equation [0070]
Total area of all peaks = area of monomer peak + area of dimer peak + area of peak of low molecular weight (LMW) breakdown products
Amount of dimer (%) = (peak area dimer / total area of all peaks) x 100
Amount of low molecular weight (LMW) breakdown products (%) = (peak area of low molecular weight breakdown products / total area of all peaks) x 100
A typical chromatography is shown in Fig. 1.
The evaluation results obtained using Gel Permeation Chromatography (SEC) are shown in Table 1 and Figures 2 and 3. As shown, the amount of dimer in the samples (Sample Nos. A2 to A6) to which arginine was added after the test was performed. the acceleration at 40 ° C for 3 months and at 25 ° C for 6 months, respectively, was lower than in the sample (sample No. A1), to which no arginine was added; accordingly, the inhibitory effect of arginine against dimerization was confirmed. It was also confirmed that the amount of dimer decreased in proportion to the amount of added arginine. On the other hand, the amount of dimer in the samples (samples A7 to A9) to which arginine (100 mM) and methionine were added, after acceleration test at 40 ° C for 3 months and 25 ° C for 6 months, respectively. , was lower than in the samples (Sample Nos. A3 and A4) containing 150 mM of arginine, this concentration being about the same as the total concentration of the stabilizers; the amount of dimer was approximately the same as in the sample (sample No. A6) where the arginine concentration was 300 mM. These results are believed to indicate a synergistic effect with respect to dimerization inhibition by the combination of arginine and methionine.
[0072] No effect of arginine and methionine on the amount of low molecular weight breakdown products was observed.
[0073] [Table 1-3]
Table 1
<td></td><td colspan="2">40 ° C - 3 months</td><td colspan="2">25 ° C - 6 months</td>
<td></td><td>Dimer (%)</td><td>LMW (%)</td><td>Dimer (%)</td><td>LMW (%)</td>
<td>A1</td><td> 2,70</td><td> 1,25</td><td> 1,88</td><td> 0,48</td>
<td> 42</td><td> 2,19</td><td> 1,24</td><td> 1,41</td><td> 0,47</td>
<td>A3</td><td> 2,00</td><td> 1,34</td><td> 1,33</td><td> 0,49</td>
<td>A4</td><td> 1,85</td><td> 1,38</td><td> 1,19</td><td> 0,49</td>
<td>A5</td><td> 1,62</td><td> 1,37</td><td> 1,09</td><td> 0,49</td>
<td>A6</td><td> 1,53</td><td> 1,46</td><td> 0,99</td><td> 0,50</td>
<td>A7</td><td> 1,58</td><td> 1,29</td><td> 1,11</td><td> 0,45</td>
<td>A8</td><td> 1,52</td><td> 1,21</td><td> 1,07</td><td> 0,47</td>
<td>A9</td><td> 1,48</td><td> 1,32</td><td> 1,03</td><td> 0,47</td>
Example 2 (not according to the invention)
Arginine inhibitory effect against deamidation [0074] Liquid formulations containing a humanized anti-IL-6 receptor antibody were evaluated for the effect of arginine on deamidation.
[0075] In this study, the samples for evaluation were prepared and assigned the numbers A10 to A15 and A16 to A18. The samples contained varying amounts of arginine and methionine, respectively. The composition of the samples for evaluation was as follows:
[0076]
Table 2-1]
<td colspan="7">[Composition]</td>
<td>No. samples</td><td>Antibody mg / ml</td><td>Arg mM</td><td>Underworld mM</td><td>Polysorbate 80 mg / ml</td><td>Histidine buffer mM</td><td>pH</td>
<td>A10</td><td> 180</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
<td>A11</td><td> 180</td><td> 50</td><td> -</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
<td>A12</td><td> 180</td><td> 100</td><td> -</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
<td>A13</td><td> 180</td><td> 150</td><td> -</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
<td>A14</td><td> 180</td><td> 200</td><td> -</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
<td>A15</td><td> 180</td><td> 300</td><td> -</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
<td>A16</td><td> 180</td><td> -</td><td> 10</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
<td>A17</td><td> 180</td><td> -</td><td> 30</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
<td>A18</td><td> 180</td><td> -</td><td> 50</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
[0077] To evaluate the stability of the liquid formulations, each sample was subjected to an acceleration test by exposure to elevated temperature (storage at 40 ° C for 3 months and at 25 ° C for 6 months, respectively). The purity of the antibody before and after the acceleration test by exposure to elevated temperature was assessed by ion exchange chromatography (IEC).
The analytical conditions were as follows:
[Ion exchange chromatography] Purified water was added to each sample to bring the amount of humanized anti-IL-6 receptor antibody to about 1 mg in 1 ml sample, and the resulting sample was used as the sample for the assay.
[0079] 30 microliters of the sample solution was liquid chromatographed and the area of the Pre MRA peaks, Main MRA [main MRA peak], Sub-1 MRA [MRA subfraction 1], Sub-2 MRA [MRA subfraction 1], R1 MRA, 1Q were measured (H) -MRA, 2Q (H) -MRA and other related substances ("others") by an automated analytical method, and their amounts (%) were determined by calculating the percentage of area.
[0080] Pre MRA is the sum of the substance peaks each eluting with a retention time less than the major component; many breakdown products were considered, mainly deamidation products of the humanized anti-IL-6 receptor antibody. When the amount of this Pre peak produced is small, it is tantamount to inhibition of antibody deamidation.
[Table 2-2]
Analytical conditions [0081]
Column: ProPac WCX-10 4 x 250mm (DIONEX)
Mobile phase: solution A: MES buffer solution, 25 mmol / l, pH 6.1
Mobile phase: solution B: MES buffer solution, 25 mmol / l, pH 6.1 (containing 250 mmol / l sodium chloride)
Sample amount injected: approximately 30 pg based on humanized anti-IL-6 receptor antibody Flow rate: 0.5 ml / min
Detection wavelength: 280 nm [0082] [Formula 2]
Equation for calculations
Total area of all peaks = final sum of total area of Pre MRA peaks + area of Main MRA peak + area of Sub-1 MAR peak + area of MAR Sub-2 peak + area of Sub-3 peak MAR + area of MAR R peak -1 + total area of peaks 1Q (H) -MRA + total area of peaks 2Q (H) -MRA + area of peak "other"
Amount of Pre MRA (%) = (Total area of Pre MRA peaks / Total area of all peaks) x 100
A typical chromatography is shown in Fig. 4. Pre MRA is the sum of the peaks of the substances appearing earlier than the main component.
[0083] The results of the evaluation of the ion exchange chromatography are shown in Table 2 and in Figs. 5 and 6. As shown, the number of Pre peaks in the samples (samples Nos. A11 to A15) to which arginine was added, after an acceleration test at a temperature of 40, respectively. ° C for 3 months and at 25 ° C for 6 months, was lower than in the sample (sample No. A10) to which no arginine was added; accordingly, the inhibitory effect of arginine against the formation of Pre peaks was confirmed. It was also confirmed that the number of Pre peaks decreased in proportion to the amount of added arginine. On the other hand, the number of Pre peaks in the samples (samples No. sample (sample # A10) to which no arginine was added; that is, the effect of adding methionine was not observed.
[0084] [Table 2-3] Table 2
<td></td><td>Pik Pre (%)</td><td></td>
<td></td><td>40 ° C - 3 months</td><td>25 ° C - 6 months</td>
<td>A10</td><td> 56,2</td><td> 32,3</td>
<td>A11</td><td> 51,3</td><td> 30,3</td>
<td>A12</td><td> 50,7</td><td> 29,3</td>
<td>A13</td><td> 49,0</td><td> 28,7</td>
<td>A14</td><td> 47,8</td><td> 28,5</td>
<td>A15</td><td> 47,0</td><td> 27,9</td>
<td>A16</td><td> 55,7</td><td> 31,2</td>
<td>A17</td><td> 55,0</td><td> 31,2</td>
<td>A18</td><td> 55,3</td><td> 31,4</td>
EXAMPLE 3
Stabilizing Effects Obtained by Combining Arginine and Methionine (2) [0085] As in example 1, the liquid formulations containing the humanized anti-IL-6 receptor antibody were evaluated for the stabilization effect of the arginine-methionine combination formulations.
[0086] In this study, evaluation samples numbered A19 to A27 were prepared to evaluate the effects of a combination of arginine and methionine. The composition of the samples for evaluation was as follows:
0087]
Table 3-1]
<td colspan="7">[Composition]</td>
<td>No. samples</td><td>Antibody mg / ml</td><td>Arg mM</td><td>Underworld mM</td><td>Polysorbate 80 mg / ml</td><td>Buffer histidine mM</td><td>pH</td>
<td>A19</td><td> 180</td><td> -</td><td> -</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
<td>A2 0</td><td> 180</td><td> 50</td><td> -</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
<td>A21</td><td> 180</td><td> 100</td><td> -</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
<td>A22</td><td> 180</td><td> 150</td><td> -</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
<td>A2 3</td><td> 180</td><td> 200</td><td> -</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
<td>A2 4</td><td> 180</td><td> 300</td><td> -</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
<td>A2 5</td><td> 180</td><td> 100</td><td> 10</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
<td>A2 6</td><td> 180</td><td> 100</td><td> 30</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
<td>A2 7</td><td> 180</td><td> 100</td><td> 50</td><td> 0,5</td><td> 20</td><td> 6,0</td>
Samples A19 to A24 are comparative examples.
[0088] To assess the stability of the liquid formulations, each sample was subjected to an acceleration test by exposure to increased light intensity (total illuminance 1,200,000 lux, total near ultraviolet radiation energy: 200)
Wh / m<sup>2</sup>). The purity of the antibody before the acceleration test by exposure to increased light intensity and after this test was assessed by gel permeation chromatography (SEC) and ion exchange chromatography (IEC), similar to Examples 1 and 2.
[0089] The results of the evaluation by Gel Permeation Chromatography (SEC) are shown in Table 3 and Fig.
7. As shown, the amount of dimer in the samples (Sample No. A20 to A24) to which arginine was added after the acceleration test by exposure to increased light intensity was less than that of the sample (Sample No. A19) to which no arginine was added; accordingly, the inhibitory effect of arginine against dimerization was confirmed. It was also confirmed that the amount of dimer decreased in proportion to the amount of arginine added. On the other hand, the amount of dimer in the samples (Sample No. A25 to A27) to which arginine (100 mM) and methionine had been added, after the acceleration test by exposure to increased light intensity, was lower than in the sample (sample No. A22) containing 150 mM. arginine, this concentration being approximately the same as the total concentration of the stabilizers; the amount of dimer was lower than in the samples (Sample Nos. A23 and A24) with an arginine concentration of 200 mM and 300 mM, respectively. These results are believed to mean that a synergistic effect is obtained by combining arginine and methionine.
[0090] There was no effect of arginine and methionine on the amount of low molecular weight breakdown products.
[0091] [Table 3-2] Table 3
<td></td><td colspan="2">1,200,000 lux + 200 Wh / m2</td>
<td></td><td>Dimer (%)</td><td>LMW (%)</td>
<td>A19</td><td> 6,95</td><td> 0,22</td>
<td>A2 0</td><td> 6,75</td><td> 0,24</td>
<td>A21</td><td> 5,78</td><td> 0,21</td>
<td>A22</td><td> 5,08</td><td> 0,19</td>
<td>A2 3</td><td> 4,73</td><td> 0,18</td>
<td>A2 4</td><td> 4,13</td><td> 0,18</td>
<td>A2 5</td><td> 5,27</td><td> 0,19</td>
<td>A2 6</td><td> 4,05</td><td> 0,17</td>
<td>A2 7</td><td> 3,84</td><td> 0,16</td>
[0092] The results of the evaluation by ion exchange chromatography (IEC) are shown in Table 4 and Fig 8.
[0093] As shown, the number of Pre peaks in the samples (Sample No. A20 to A24) to which arginine was added after the acceleration test by exposure to increased light intensity was lower than in the sample (sample No. A19) to which no arginine was added. ; therefore, the inhibitory effect of arginine against the formation of Pre peaks was confirmed. It was also confirmed that as the amount of arginine increases, the number of Pre peaks produced decreases proportionally. On the other hand, the amount of dimer after the acceleration test by exposure to increased light intensity in the samples (Sample Nos. A25 to A27) in which methionine was then added to arginine (100 mM) was lower than in the sample (Sample No. A22) containing 150 mM of arginine, which concentration was approximately the same as the total concentration of the stabilizing agents and less than in the samples (Sample Nos. A23 and A24) which had an arginine concentration of 200 mM and 300 mM, respectively. These results are believed to indicate that the combination of arginine and methionine provides a synergistic effect in inhibiting Pre peak formation.
[0094]
Table 44
<td rowspan="2"></td><td>Pik Pre (%)</td>
<td>1,200,000 lux + 200 Wh / m<sup>2</sup></td>
<td>A19</td><td> 39,2</td>
<td>A2 0</td><td> 38,6</td>
<td>A21</td><td> 36,7</td>
<td>A22</td><td> 35,7</td>
<td>A2 3</td><td> 34,9</td>
<td>A2 4</td><td> 34,9</td>
<td>A2 5</td><td> 36,8</td>
<td>A2 6</td><td> 35,0</td>
<td>A2 7</td><td> 33,8</td>
Contents3
94 members in 32 offices
Priority claims2
| Document | Office | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2007336310 | Japan | A | |
| 2008073798 | Japan | W |
Members94
| Document | Office | Kind | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CL2008003910A1 | Chile | A1 | |
| AU2008344292A1 | Australia | A1 | |
| CA2708627A1 | Canada | A1 | |
| WO2009084659A1 | World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | A1 | |
| PE20091174A1 | Peru | A1 | |
| TW200942259A | Taiwan Province of China | A | |
| AR069969A1 | Argentina | A1 | |
| MX2010004399A | Mexico | A | |
| KR20100095474A | Republic of Korea | A | |
| ECSP10010370A | Ecuador | A | |
| CR11594A | Costa Rica | A | |
| EP2238985A1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A1 | |
| CN101883588A | China | A | |
| US2010285011A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| MA31934B1 | Morocco | B1 | |
| IL206548A0 | Israel | A0 | |
| IL206548D0 | Israel | D0 | |
| EP2238985A4 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A4 | |
| JPWO2009084659A1 | Japan | A1 | |
| KR101083616B1 | Republic of Korea | B1 | |
| RU2010131179A | Russian Federation | A | |
| JP2012072170A | Japan | A | |
| JP4937358B2 | Japan | B2 | |
| CO6450630A2 | Colombia | A2 | |
| NZ586378A | New Zealand | A | |
| EP2238985B1 | European Patent Office (EPO) | B1 | |
| TWI375566B | Taiwan Province of China | B | |
| ES2389881T3 | Spain | T3 | |
| AU2008344292B2 | Australia | B2 | |
| DK2238985T3 | Denmark | T3 | |
| PT2238985E | Portugal | E | |
| EP2238985B9 | European Patent Office (EPO) | B9 | |
| HRP20120903T1 | Croatia | T1 | |
| SI2238985T1 | Slovenia | T1 | |
| ES2389881T9 | Spain | T9 | |
| PL2238985T3This record | Poland | T3 | |
| US8568720B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| RU2497544C2 | Russian Federation | C2 | |
| US2014005367A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| UA104134C2 | Ukraine | C2 | |
| SG2013049325A | Singapore | A | |
| RU2013137740A | Russian Federation | A | |
| BRPI0818903A2 | Brazil | A2 | |
| IL206548A | Israel | A | |
| IL238896A0 | Israel | A0 | |
| IL238896D0 | Israel | D0 | |
| US2016090419A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| JP5906067B2 | Japan | B2 | |
| JP2016065079A | Japan | A | |
| CY1113616T1 | Cyprus | T1 | |
| IL238896A | Israel | A | |
| CA2708627C | Canada | C | |
| CN106075434A | China | A | |
| MY159450A | Malaysia | A | |
| CN101883588B | China | B | |
| JP6259436B2 | Japan | B2 | |
| JP2018076334A | Japan | A | |
| JP6567024B2 | Japan | B2 | |
| RU2701181C2 | Russian Federation | C2 | |
| JP2019206559A | Japan | A | |
| CN106075434B | China | B | |
| US2020079857A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| RU2019128863A | Russian Federation | A | |
| BRPI0818903B1 | Brazil | B1 | |
| US11008394B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| BRPI0818903B8 | Brazil | B8 | |
| US2021246216A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| JP2021155453A | Japan | A | |
| US11359026B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| EP2238985B2 | European Patent Office (EPO) | B2 | |
| AR122312A2 | Argentina | A2 | |
| HRP20120903T4 | Croatia | T4 | |
| US2022281988A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| FI2238985T4 | Finland | T4 | |
| SI2238985T2 | Slovenia | T2 | |
| ES2389881T5 | Spain | T5 | |
| DK2238985T4 | Denmark | T4 | |
| US11584798B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| JP7256234B2 | Japan | B2 | |
| JP2023055780A | Japan | A | |
| US2023167183A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| PL2238985T5 | Poland | T5 | |
| US11767363B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| US2023340134A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| US2024317869A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| US2024376219A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| US2024392017A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| AR130471A2 | Argentina | A2 | |
| JP7605869B2 | Japan | B2 | |
| JP2025038054A | Japan | A | |
| US2025257144A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| JP7755720B2 | Japan | B2 | |
| JP2026004478A | Japan | A | |
| JP7825771B2 | Japan | B2 |
Numbers
- Application
- 8866971
Titles2
- English
- HIGH CONCENTRATION ANTIBODY-CONTAINING LIQUID FORMULATION
- Polish
- Ciekły preparat zawierający przeciwciało o wysokim stężeniu
Classification
- CPC, 15
- A61K47/183
- C07K16/2866
- A61K39/00
- A61K9/0019
- A61K39/3955
- A61K39/39591
- A61K47/26
- C07K2317/76
- C07K2317/24
- A61K47/20
- A61P37/02
- A61P43/00
- A61K39/395
- C07K1/14
- A61K2039/505
- IPC, 4
- A61K9 08
- A61K39 395
- A61K47 18
- A61P43 00