Low-e coated articles and methods of making same

THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND (12) TRANSLATION OF THE EUROPEAN PATENT (19) PL (11) PL / EP 2118032

<img file="PL2118032T3_D0001.tif" />

Patent Office of the Republic of Poland (96) Date and number of the European patent application: February 15, 2008 08725609.5 (97) The grant of the European patent was announced:

18.04.2018 European Patent Bulletin 2018/16 EP 2118032 B1 (13) T3 (51) Int.CI.

C03C 17/36 (2006.01) (54) Title of the invention:

LOW-EMISSION COATED ARTICLES AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURING THEIR (3 °) rv

Priority:

03/15/2007 US 724327 (43) Application announced:

November 18, 2009 in the European Patent Bulletin No. 2009/47 (45) The submission of the translation of the patent was announced:

31.07.2018 News of the Patent Office 2018/07 (73) Authorized by the patent:

Guardian Glass, LLC, Auburn Hills, US (72) Inventor (s):

I— RICHARD BLACKER, Farmington Hills, US tM BRENT BOYCE, Novi, US

M.

O (74) Agent:

thing, pat. Izabela Szychulska-Hawranek

S.^{* 1} LEGAL AND PATENT OFFICE BELLEPAT

Q_ iii ul. Płowiecka 24

D 37-700 Przemyśl

ABOUT.

Caution:

Within nine months of the publication of the information on the grant of the European patent, any person may file an objection to the European Patent Office against the European patent granted. The objection must be made in the form of a written statement of reasons. It is considered filed only when the opposition fee has been paid (Art. 99 (1) of the Convention on the Grant of European Patents).

- 1 - EP 2118032

LOW-EMISSION COVERED ARTICLES AND THEIR MANUFACTURE

Certain embodiments of the invention pertain to low-E (low-E) coated articles. In certain example embodiments of this invention, low-E coated articles may or may not be heat treated (e.g., thermally tempered, hot bent, or heat quenched). In certain example embodiments of this invention, low-E coated articles may be designed to provide good visible light transmission (Tvis) and an exceptionally good solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC), and have a better (i.e., higher) Tvis ratio. / SHGC. In certain example embodiments of this invention, where low-E coated articles are heat treated (HT), they may have the same color performance when viewed with the naked eye both before and after heat treatment (i.e., a low Δε * value). ). Such coated articles can be used in insulated / insulated glass (IG) units and / or used in other suitable applications.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Coated articles for use in windows, such as insulating glass (IG) window units, vehicle windows, and / or the like, are known in the art. In certain situations, designers of coated articles may seek a combination of good visible light transmission, low emissivity (or emittance) and blocking of undesirable radiation such as infrared (IR) radiation to prevent undesirable heating or reduce the amount of undesirable heating of building or vehicle interiors. . For example, due to high visible light transmittance, coated articles may be more desirable in certain window applications, with low emissivity (low-E), low SHGC (solar factor), and low solar factor (SF). or the g-values ​​indicate that the coated articles block significant amounts of undesirable radiation and reduce, for example, the degree of undesirable heating of the interior of buildings or vehicles. The SF factor calculated according to DIN 67507 or EN410: 1998 refers to the ratio of the total energy entering the room or the like through glazing and the energy of the incident solar radiation. Thus, it should be noted that low SF values ​​indicate good protection against solar radiation causing undesirable heating of rooms or the like that are protected by windows / panes. For example, a low SF value indicates a coated article that is able to keep the room relatively cool during the hot summer months. In addition, the article / window SHGC is expressed as the fraction of incident solar radiation that is transmitted through the article / window (e.g. see NFRC 100-2001).

Coating systems to control the transmission of solar radiation are known. For example, Common U.S. Patent No. 5,688,585 discloses a solar control coated article comprising glass / Si₃N4 / NiCr / Si3N4. One purpose of the '585 patent is to provide a spray-applied layer system that is heat-treated to match its uncooked counterpart in color. While the coating systems of the '585 Patent are perfectly suited to the intended purpose, they do have some drawbacks. In particular, they have rather high emissivity values ​​(e.g., because the '585 patent does not disclose a silver (Ag) layer).

Low-e coating systems are also known in the art. For example, Common US Patent No. 6,475,626 discloses glass / Si₃N4 / NiCr / Ag / NiCr / Si3N4. The low-E coating systems of the '626 patent provide good visible light transmission and low emissivity. However, the coating systems of the '626 patent do not achieve good visible light transmission (Tvis) and good solar heat gain (SHGC). In other words, the coating systems of the '626 patent have low Tvis / SHGC ratios which is undesirable. Example 1 according to the patent

EP 2118032 '626 for an insulated glass (IG) unit gave a Tvis / SHGC ratio of only 128. Example 2 of the' 626 patent for monolithic glass produced a Tvis / SHGC ratio of only about 114.

U.S. Patent No. 6,782,718 also discloses glass / Si₃N4 / NiCr / Ag / NiCr / Si₃N4. However, the '718 coating systems have low Tvis / SHGC ratios which is undesirable. For insulated glass (IG), the example in column 17 of the '718 patent yielded a Tvis / SHGC ratio of only about 127 (heat treated) and 123 (untreated).

Another example of a coated article is disclosed in US Patent No. 5,800,933. However, coated articles according to the '933 patent have high SHGC values ​​which is undesirable and indicates ineffective protection against solar radiation causing undesirable heating of rooms or the like.

There is also a need to ensure that coated articles can be fitted (before and after heat treatment). Glass substrates are often produced in large quantities and cut to size to meet the needs of a particular situation, such as the needs of a new multi-window and multi-door office building, vehicle windshields, etc .. It is often desirable for such applications that some windows and / or doors have been heat treated (i.e. hardened or hardened or hot bent) and others were not. In office buildings, IG units and / or laminates are often used to ensure safety and / or control of thermal energy transmission. It is desirable that the heat treated units and / or laminates be substantially compatible with their non-heat treated counterparts (e.g. in terms of color, reflectance and / or the like, at least on the glass side) for architectural and / or aesthetic reasons. In U.S. Patent Nos. 6,014,872 and 5,800,933 (see example B) disclose a heat treatable, low E layer system comprising TiO2 / Si3N4 / NiCr / A / NiCr / Si3N4 glass. Unfortunately, when this low-E sandwich system is heat-treated, it is not entirely consistent in color with its untreated counterpart (viewed from the glass side). This is because the low-E sandwich system has a Δε * value (glass side) greater than 4.1 (i.e. in Example B, Δa * G is 1.49, Δb * G is 3.81 and ΔL * (glass side) is not fixed; as follows from equation (1) below, then ΔΕ * on the glass side must be greater than 4.1 and presumably is much greater).

Some have attempted to reduce the SHGC value by providing multiple layers of silver in the coating (e.g., low-E coated articles with two IR reflecting layers). See, e.g., U.S. Patent No. 7,138,182. However, this is sometimes undesirable as such a coating is expensive and time consuming to manufacture, and may also lose some durability determining properties due to the addition of a second silver layer. Hence, it is sometimes desirable to eliminate the need for two layers of silver in the coating. In addition, certain multi-layer silver coatings are difficult to make while maintaining compatibility after heat treatment (i.e., low Δε * values).

Others also attempted to lower the SHGC value, but at the cost of lowering the visible light transmission value. For example, the coating has a glass / Si3N4 (14.3 nm) / NiCr (3.8 nm) / Ag (10.6 nm) / NiCr (2.4 nm) / Si3N4 (48.4 nm) stack. While this coated article has a ΔΕ * value of less than 2 (monolithic glass) and a SHGC value of 0.35 (monolithic glass) or 0.30 (IG unit) on the glass side, it only achieves a visible light transmission of 48.4% (monolithic glass) or 43.4% (IG unit). Thus, the Tvis / SHGC ratio is only 138 (monolithic glass) or 144 (IG, with a low visible light transmission of 43.4%). In another example, the double silver coatings of the US Patent No. 7,138,182 give a low SHGC value, but at the expense of visible light transmission. Hence coatings of the '182 patent are undesirable,

EP 2118032 because they involve the use of two silver layers as well as sacrificing visible light transmission to obtain a low value in SHGC.

Accordingly, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that there is a need in the art to provide a coating or layering system that can meet solar radiation control, low emission, visible transmission and ease of manufacture requirements. In particular, it should be noted that there is a need in the art to provide a low-E coating that would require only one silver layer in certain example embodiments and that could enable high visible transmission (Tvis) along with a relatively low solar heat gain (SHGC). , and would have a better (i.e. higher) Tvis / SHGC ratio. These features can be provided with monolithic units and / or IG units.

In certain example embodiments, the coated article after being heat treated may also have a low Δε * value indicative of thermal stability after heat treatment (HT) has been performed. In other words, the prior art may also need to provide a low-E coating or layering system that, after optional heat treatment, is substantially color and / or reflective (e.g. when viewed with the naked eye from the glass side) to an unheat-treated counterpart.

SUMMARY OF EXAMPLE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The above-mentioned problems can be solved with an insulated glass window unit according to claim 1. Certain embodiments of the invention relate to low-E (low-emissivity) coated articles. In certain example embodiments of this invention, the low E coated article may or may not be heat treated (e.g., thermally tempered or folded or heat set).

In certain example embodiments of this invention, low-E coated articles may be designed to provide a combination of good visible light transmission (Tvis) and an extremely good solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) to have a better (i.e., higher) heat gain coefficient (SHGC). Tvis / SHGC. In certain example embodiments, the low-E coated article may have a Tvis / SHGC ratio of at least 140, more preferably at least 145, and even more preferably at least 150 or 153. Furthermore, in some embodiments of the invention, the coated article may have a SHGC value of no greater than 0.36. , more preferably not greater than 0.35, and even more preferably not greater than 0.34 or 0.33. In certain example embodiments of this invention, the coated article may have a visible transmission (Tvis) of from about 40 to about 65%, more preferably from about 45 to about 60%, and most preferably from about 48 to about 57% or from about 49 to about 56%. .

In certain example embodiments of this invention, low-E coated articles, when heat treated (HT), may have almost the same color performance when viewed with the naked eye before and after heat treatment (i.e., a low Δε * value). . Such coated articles may be used in insulated glass (IG) units, windows, and / or other applications. In certain example embodiments, the coated article may have a glass side reflectance ∆Ε * value of no greater than about 3.0, more preferably no greater than about 2.75, even more preferably no greater than about 2.5, and even no greater than about 2.25 or 2.0.

According to certain example embodiments of the invention, there is provided an insulated glass (IG) window unit, comprising: a first glass substrate and a second glass substrate that are connected to each other near their respective edges so as to define an insulating space therebetween; a sandwich system supported by one of the glass substrates adjacent to the insulating space, the sandwich system including an infrared (IR) reflecting layer comprising silver at least between

- first and second dielectric layers, where the layer system comprises only one IR reflecting layer containing silver (or gold or platinum) and where the IG window unit has a visible light transmission (Tvis) of 47-60%, SHGC not greater than 0.36 and a Tvis / SHGC ratio of at least 140.

In other embodiments of the invention, a coated article is provided comprising: a coating supported by a glass substrate, the coating comprising an infrared (IR) reflecting layer comprising silver between at least the first and second dielectric layers, wherein the coating comprises only one IR reflecting layer comprising silver, and wherein the article is measured for monolithic glass has a visible light transmission (Tvis) of 50-65%, an SHGC ratio of not more than 0.41 and a Tvis / SHGC ratio of at least 140.

A method of making such a coated article may also be provided where each of the layers may be spray deposited or otherwise deposited onto a glass substrate, and then the glass substrate with a coating thereon may optionally be heat treated (e.g., thermally tempered).

DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a fragmentary, cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a sandwich system according to the invention.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view of an IG unit provided according to an embodiment of the invention in which the sandwich system of figure 1 may be used.

Figure 3 is a table that shows modeled data for examples 1-4 according to embodiments of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF CERTAIN EXAMPLES OF THE INVENTION

According to certain embodiments of the invention, a coating or layering system is provided that can be used in IG units, vehicle windows, vehicle windshields, and other suitable applications. Certain embodiments of the invention relate to low E (low emissivity) coated articles. In certain example embodiments of this invention, low-E coated articles may or may not be heat treated (e.g. thermally tempered, hot bent or heat hardened). In certain example embodiments of this invention, low-E coated articles may be designed to provide a combination of good visible light transmission (Tvis) and an extremely good solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) to have a better (i.e., higher) heat gain coefficient (SHGC). Tvis / SHGC. This ratio can be called the solar gain ratio in some cases. In certain example embodiments, the low E coated article may have a Tvis / SHGC ratio of at least 140, more preferably at least 145, even more preferably at least 150 or 153. 0.60 instead of 60%), then these Tvis / SHGC ratios are at least 1.40, more preferably at least 1.45, even more preferably at least 1.50 or 1.53. Moreover, in certain example embodiments of this invention, the coated article may have a SHGC value of no greater than 0.36, more preferably no greater than 0.35, and even more preferably no greater than 0.34 or 0.33. In certain example embodiments of this invention, the coated article may have a visible transmission (Tvis) of from about 40 to about 65%, more preferably from about 45 to about 60%, and most preferably from about 48 to about 57% or from about 49 to about 56%. %. The above data may be for an IG unit and / or a monolithic unit in various embodiments of the invention.

In certain example embodiments of this invention, if low-E coated articles are heat treated (HT), they may have nearly the same color performance when viewed with the naked eye both before and after heat treatment (i.e., low in heat treatment). in Δε *) in some cases. According to certain embodiments

The invention provides a layering system that has an extremely good degree of color stability (i.e. a low Δε * value and / or a low Δα * value, where Δ indicates a change in appearance after heat treatment) after thermal treatment (e.g. toughening, hot bending or heat hardening) in the case of monolithic and / or double glazing such as IG units or vehicle windshields. As part of the heat treatment, it is often necessary to heat the coated substrate to temperatures above 1100 ° F (593 ° C) and to 1450 ° F (788 ° C) [more preferably from about 1100 to about 1200 degrees F] for a sufficient period of time to obtain the end result. (e.g., toughened, bent, and / or hot-hardened). Certain example embodiments of this invention combine both color stability after heat treatment and the use of a single silver layer to selectively reflect IR radiation. In certain example embodiments, the coated article may have a glass side reflection ∆Ε * value of no greater than about 3.0, more preferably no greater than about 2.75, even more preferably no greater than about 2.5, and even no greater than about 2.25 or 2.0.

Figure 1 is a cross sectional view of a coated article according to an embodiment of this invention. The coated article includes a substrate 1 (e.g., clear, green, brown, gray, blue, or cyan glass substrate from about 1.0 to about 12.0 mm thick, e.g., 6 mm thick), a first dielectric layer 3 (e.g., silicon nitride (e.g. Si₃N4), titanium dioxide, titanium nitride, zirconium oxide, zirconium nitride, tin oxide, silicon oxide, silicon dioxide, silicon oxynitride or zinc oxide, or containing silicon nitride (e.g. Si₃N4), titanium dioxide, titanium nitride, zirconium oxide, zirconium nitride, tin oxide, silicon oxide, silicon dioxide, silicon oxynitride or zinc oxide), metallic or substantially metallic layer 5 containing nickel (Ni) or chromonikelin (NiCr) (can be used other oxidation resistant materials in place of Ni or NiCr in alternative embodiments of the invention), a metallic or substantially metallic silver (Ag) based layer 7 reflecting IR radiation, a metallic or substantially metallic layer 9 comprising nickel (Ni) or chromonikelin (other oxidation resistant materials may be used in place of Ni or NiCr in alternative embodiments of the invention) and a second dielectric layer 11 (e.g., silicon nitride (e.g., Si3N4), titanium dioxide , titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, zirconium oxide, tin oxide, silicon oxide, silicon dioxide, silicon oxynitride or zinc oxide, or containing silicon nitride (e.g., Si₃N4), titanium dioxide, titanium nitride, zirconium oxide, zirconium nitride, tin oxide, silicon oxide, silicon dioxide, silicon oxynitride or zinc oxide). There may be another layer or may be other layers below or above the coating system illustrated above. Thus, although the layer system is on the substrate 1 or is supported by the substrate 1 (directly or indirectly), another layer or other layers may be present therebetween. Hence, for example, the layer system of figure 1 may be considered to be on the substrate 1, although there may be another layer or layers between them.

The IR reflecting layer 7 is preferably a metal Ag layer, although a slight degree of oxidation is acceptable. The same applies to layers 5 and 9 of Ni or NiCr. Thus, in certain preferred embodiments of the invention, layers 5, 7, and 9 are oxidized to no greater than about 25%, more preferably no greater than about 10%, and most preferably no greater than about 1, 2, or 4%, or even oxidized and / or nitrided up to 7-8%. In certain preferred embodiments, layer 5 and / or 9 is of unnitrogenated and unoxidized nickel or a nickel alloy (e.g., chromonikelin with 80/20 weight percent nickel / chromium). Layers 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 may be deposited onto the glass substrate by spraying or other suitable method.

In embodiments where layers 3 and 11 contain silicon nitride (e.g., Si₃N4 or other suitable stoichiometric ratio), up to 6-20% by weight of aluminum or stainless steel (e.g. SS # 316) may be admixed to the Si-containing target used to form these layers (e.g. the layers thus created. Moreover, although layers 5 and 9 may be metallic nickel, they are nevertheless in some

In certain embodiments, chromonikelin consisting essentially of about 80-90 wt% Ni and 10-20 wt% Cr (or 50% / 50% Ni / Cr) may be used. Other metals or alloys may also be used in alternative embodiments, with the alloy or alloys having a Ni content of 10% or more. Moreover, while some other IR reflecting metals such as gold or platinum may be used as layer 7 in certain example embodiments of this invention, layer 7 generally consists of metallic silver in certain example embodiments of this invention. The example of layers 5 and 9 includes not only SS-316, which consists essentially of 10% Ni and 90% other components, mainly Fe and Cr, but also Haynes 214 alloy which by weight consists essentially of (as a nominal composition):

<td>Element</td><td>% by weight</td>

<td>Ni</td><td> 75.45</td>

<td>Fe</td><td> 4.00</td>

<td>Cr</td><td> 16.00</td>

<td>C.</td><td> .04</td>

<td>Al</td><td> 4.50</td>

<td>Y</td><td> .01</td>

Figure 2 illustrates the coating or layering system 22 of Figure 1 applied to face # 2 of an IG window unit. To distinguish the interior of the IG unit (and the interior of the building in which the unit is fitted) from the exterior, the sun 19 is shown schematically in figure 2 on the exterior side. The IG unit comprises an outer pane or glass pane 21 (or 1) and an inner pane or glass pane 23. The two glass substrates (e.g. float glass 2 with a width of 2 to 12 mm) are sealed at the peripheral edges with sealant 24 or the like and may be fitted with a traditional drying strip 27. The panes are placed in a traditional, retaining window or door frame (part of which is shown schematically). By sealing the peripheral edges of the glass pane and replacing the air in the insulating space (or chamber) with a gas such as argon, a high insulating IG unit is formed. Optionally, insulating space 30 may be less than atmospheric pressure in certain alternative embodiments, although, of course, this is not necessary in all of the embodiments. Either the inner wall 24 or 26 (or both) may have a coating 22 (see figure 1) according to the invention. In the illustrated embodiment of figure 2, the inner wall 24 (i.e. the surface # 2) of the outer glass pane 21 has a spray-applied layer system of figure 1.

As shown in Figure 1, while different thicknesses can be used depending on one purpose and / or requirement discussed herein or more of the purposes and / or requirements discussed herein, according to certain embodiments of the invention, preferred thicknesses and materials of the respective layers on the glass substrate 1 are the following (note that the stoichiometric ratios, as in the case of SiaN4, are given as examples only and do not exclude other possibilities):

Table 1 (Examples of approximate thicknesses in angstroms)

Layer

Si3N4 (layer 3)

NiCr (layer 5) Ag (layer 7)

A preferred range (A) 150-900 A 10-80 (or 10-40) A 90-200 A

More preferred (A) Example (A)

200-350 A 230-320 A

15-40 A 17-30 A

125-180 A 135-170 A

- 7 NiCr (layer 9) 10-80 (or 10-40) A.

Si3N4 (layer 11) 400-600 A.

15-40 A.

450-560 A.

EP2118032 17-30 A.

465-540 A.

As can be seen from Table 1 above, for example compared to the examples of US Patent No. 6,475,626, the Ag layer 7 has been thickened, the top silicon nitride layer 11 has been thickened, and the silicon nitride backing layer 3 may be thinner. The NiCr layers are also thinner. An exemplary range of extremely good thicknesses for layer 5 and / or 9 is about 18-23 angstroms. It has been surprisingly found that one or more such variation results in a better (higher) Tvis / SHGC ratio without significantly affecting visible transmission or Δε * values ​​by the heat treatment in the respective embodiments. Note that the thicknesses quoted refer to physical thicknesses.

Low ∆Ε * values ​​indicate thermal stability after thermal treatment (HT) such as thermal tempering, hot bending or the like. A method of calculating the ΔΕ * value is shown in US Patent No. 6,475,626. In other words, for monolithic and / or IG applications, the low ΔΕ * glass side reflectance values ​​indicate that two glass substrates having the same coating system (one heat treated after deposition and the other untreated) look essentially the same for to the naked human eye when viewed from the glass side of the product (ie through at least one glass substrate in front of the coating). Thus, it should be noted that the ΔΕ * and Δa * values ​​are relevant in determining whether there is consistency or substantial compatibility between a heat treated product and an untreated product, both of which have the same coating (or between the same product before treatment). and after heat treatment). It should be noted that the color described herein with reference to the conventional a *, b * values ​​and the term Δa * simply indicates how much the color value of a * changes due to heat treatment (HT). Thus, ΔΕ * is calculated in a known manner using the L *, a *, b * values ​​of the CIE LAB scale which are known.

AE * = [(AL *)² + (Aa *)² + (Ab *)²]^1/2 (1) where:

<td>AL * = L *] - L *₀Aa * = a * | -a *₀Ab * = b *] -b *₀</td><td> (2) (3) (4)</td>

where the subscript "o" is the coating (coated article) before heat treatment and the subscript "1" is the coating (coated article) after heat treatment; and the numbers used (e.g., a *, b *, L *) are numbers calculated by the above-mentioned coordinate method (CIE LAB 1976) L *, a *, b *.

In certain example embodiments of this invention, coatings on transparent monolithic glass substrates are colored prior to heat treatment when viewed from the glass side of the coated article (RG%):

Table 2: Color (RG) before heat treatment (monolithic glass)

General a * from -2.5 to +2.0 b * from -10.0 to +2.0

Preferably from -1.5 to +0.7 from -9.0 to -1.0

- 8 EP 2118032

After heat treatment, in certain example embodiments of this invention, the sandwich systems on transparent monolithic glass substrates have the following Δε * and Δα * color characteristics when viewed from the glass (G) side (not the layer side) of the coated article:

Table 3: Color characteristics (ΔE * G &amp; Δa * G) after heat treatment (monolithic glass)

<td></td><td>Overall Favorable</td>

<td>ΔE * G is</td><td>&lt;= 3.0 &lt;= 2.5 (or &lt;= 2.0)</td>

<td>Δa * G is</td><td> &lt;= 2.0 &lt;= 1.5</td>

<td>Δb * G is</td><td>&lt;= 2.0 &lt;= 1.0 (or &lt;= 0.7)</td>

Thus, as shown in Table 3 above, monolithic coated articles according to certain embodiments of the invention have a ΔΕ * (glass side) value of no greater than 3.0, more preferably no greater than 2.5, and even more preferably no greater than 2.0, and have a Δa * value. (glass side) no greater than about 2.0, and more preferably no greater than 1.5. The same values ​​may also apply to IG units. When one or both of these assumptions is achieved, compliance can be obtained. It should be noted that in some embodiments, the b * values ​​are not considered as significant as the a * values ​​because it is claimed that the changes in a * values ​​are more noticeable to the naked human eye than the changes in b * values ​​in some instances. However, the ∆b * values ​​(glass side) are also small in some of the cases outlined above.

Table 4 lists exemplary characteristics of monolithic coated articles according to embodiments of the invention. The values ​​in Table 4 are for heat treated and / or untreated products except that the ΔΕ * value is only for heat treated products and a transparent substrate is assumed to be used for illustration purposes only.

Table 4: Sample characteristic (monolithic glass)

<td>Value / measurement</td><td>Compartment</td><td>More beneficial</td><td>The most favorable</td>

<td>Transmittance (TY)%:</td><td> 45-70%</td><td> 50-65%</td><td> 53-61%</td>

<td>L * t:</td><td> 70-90</td><td> 73-85</td><td> 77-83</td>

<td>a * T:</td><td>-10 to +2</td><td>from -8 to 0</td><td>-6 to -2</td>

<td>b * T:</td><td>-8 to +8</td><td>-5 to +5</td><td>from -3 to +3</td>

<td>Reflectance viewed from the glass side (G): RgY (%):</td><td> 15-30%</td><td> 17-28%</td><td> 19-25%</td>

<td>L * G:</td><td> 45-70</td><td> 48-65</td><td> 50-60</td>

<td>a * G:</td><td>-5 to +3</td><td>from -2.5 to +2</td><td>from -1.5 to +0.7</td>

<td>b * G:</td><td>-10 to +2</td><td>from -9 to -1</td><td>-3 to -8</td>

<td>ΔΕ * (i.e. glass side (G)):</td><td> &lt;= 3.0</td><td> &lt;= 2.5</td><td>&lt;= 2.25 or 2.0</td>

<td>Reflectance viewed from the shell (F): RfY (%):</td><td> &lt;= 12%</td><td> &lt;= 10%</td><td> &lt;= 9%</td>

<td>L * F:</td><td> &lt;=45</td><td> &lt;= 40</td><td> &lt;= 38</td>

- 9 EP 2118032

<td>a * F:</td><td>from -10 to +20</td><td>-5 to +15</td><td>from 0 to +10</td>

<td>b * F:</td><td>from -25 to +10</td><td>-20 to 0</td><td>from -18 to -10</td>

<td>Rs (surface resistance in ohms / square)</td><td> &lt;= 20</td><td>&lt;= 7 or 6</td><td> &lt;= 5</td>

<td>T780</td><td> 28-38</td><td> 30-36</td><td> 31-35</td>

<td>Total visible light transmittance T% (Tsolar):</td><td>on</td><td></td><td></td>

<td>Heat transfer coefficient (U):</td><td>on</td><td></td><td></td>

<td>SHGC:</td><td> &lt;=.41</td><td> &lt;=.40</td><td>&lt;=. 39 or .38</td>

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td>&gt; = 145 or</td>

<td>WSHGC Ratio:</td><td> &gt;=135</td><td> &gt;=140</td><td> 148</td>

<td>SF% (g value):</td><td>on</td><td></td><td></td>

<td>Eh (hemispheric emittance):</td><td> &lt;= 0.08</td><td> &lt;= 0.07</td><td> &lt;= 0.06</td>

<td colspan="4">Table 5 below shows an exemplary characteristic of monolithic coated articles according to embodiments of the invention in the context of IG window units (e.g., see figure 2).</td>

<td colspan="3">Table 5: Sample characteristic (IG unit)</td><td></td>

<td>Value / measurement</td><td>Compartment</td><td>More beneficial</td><td>The most favorable</td>

<td>Transmittance (TY)%:</td><td> 40-65%</td><td> 47-60%</td><td> 49-56%</td>

<td>L * t:</td><td> 67-87</td><td> 70-82</td><td> 74-80</td>

<td>a * T:</td><td>-10 to +2</td><td>from -8 to 0</td><td>-7 to -3</td>

<td>b * T:</td><td>-5 to +5</td><td>from -3 to +3</td><td>-2 to +2</td>

<td>Reflectance viewed from the glass side (G): RgY (%):</td><td> 18-32%</td><td> 20-27%</td><td> 22-26%</td>

<td>L * g:</td><td> 48-73</td><td> 51-68</td><td> 52-60</td>

<td>a * G:</td><td>from -6 to +2</td><td>from -3 to +1</td><td>from -2.5 to 0</td>

<td>b * G:</td><td>-10 to +2</td><td>from -9 to -1</td><td>-3 to -8</td>

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td>&lt;= 2.25 or</td>

<td>Δε * (i.e. glass side (G)):</td><td> &lt;= 3.0</td><td> &lt;= 2.5</td><td> 2.0</td>

<td>Reflectance viewed from the shell (F): RfY (%):</td><td> &lt;= 19%</td><td> &lt;= 18%</td><td> &lt;= 16%</td>

<td>L * f:</td><td> &lt;=55</td><td> &lt;= 50</td><td> &lt;= 48</td>

<td>a * F:</td><td>-10 to +15</td><td>-5 to +10</td><td>from 0 to +8</td>

<td>b * F:</td><td>from -18 to +5</td><td>from -15 to 0</td><td>-12 to -4</td>

<td>Rs (surface resistance in ohms / square)</td><td> &lt;= 20</td><td>&lt;= 7 or 6</td><td> &lt;= 5</td>

<td>Total visible light transmittance T% (Tsolar):</td><td> 24-31</td><td> 25-30</td><td> 25-29</td>

<td>Heat transfer coefficient (U):</td><td> 0.27-.34</td><td> .28-.33</td><td> .29-.31</td>

-10ΕΡ 2118032

<td>SHGC:</td><td> &lt;=.36</td><td> &lt;=.35</td><td>&lt;=. 34 or .33</td>

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td>&gt; = 150 or</td>

<td>The ratio of T_Vand_S./ SHGC:</td><td> &gt;=140</td><td> &gt;=145</td><td> 153</td>

<td>SF% (g value):</td><td> &lt;= 40</td><td> &lt;=38</td><td> &lt;=36</td>

<td>Eh (hemispheric emittance):</td><td> &lt;=0.08</td><td> &lt;= 0.07</td><td> &lt;= 0.06</td>

EXAMPLES 1-4

Four examples of coated articles are shown in Figure 3. Each of these examples had a glass / Si3N4 / NiCr / Ag / NiCr / Si layer stack.₃N4 and the layer thicknesses are given in nm in figure 3. It should be noted that there was no titanium oxide (TiO2) layer in any of these examples as the lowermost layer, although this is possible in some cases. Data for examples 1-4 are also shown in Figure 3 for both monolithic glass (mono) and IGU (IGU). The glass substrates in these examples were about 6 mm thick and transparent. The data in Figure 3 was obtained prior to carrying out the optional heat treatment.

The ratio of T_Vand_S./ SHGC is a function of the number of Ag or Au based IR reflecting layers. For example, if there were two IR reflecting layers, the ratio would be much higher (e.g. 190 (or 195) or even higher simultaneously for two IR reflecting silver layers).

Certain terms are predominantly used with respect to the coating of glass, especially when specifying the properties and solar management characteristics of the coated glass. Such terms are used herein in accordance with their well-known meanings. For example, as used herein:

The intensity of the visible wavelength of light, ie "reflectance," is defined as a percentage and is given as R._XY or R_x (ie the Y value given below in ASTM E-308-85) where "X is either" G for the glass side or "F for the coating side. "The side of the glass (eg," G) is viewed from the side of the glass substrate facing the side where the coating is located, and "the side of the glass (ie," F) is seen from the side of the glass substrate where the coating is disposed.

The terms "heat treatment and" heat treatment as used herein mean heating an article to a temperature sufficient to effect thermally toughening, bending, or heat setting a glass-containing article. For example, this definition includes heating a coated article to a temperature of at least about 550 degrees C, more preferably at least about 580 or 600 degrees for a sufficient period of time to allow for quenching or hot bending.

Proxy:

LAW FIRM? ° ATENT

BELLEPAT

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RENT ka-Htnrmtk u 3192

EP 2118032