Method, assembly and additional coat for the construction of interior works

The subject of the invention is a flat prefabricated panel, a construction kit for interior work, including prefabricated flat panels and a method of assembling flat prefabricated panels.

Pre-fabricated panels, especially pre-fabricated flat panels, are known from the prior art and are used for interior work using at least one joint material, e.g. a sealing coat, a joint coat and / or a joint and joint coat, which can be used especially for the finishing of a joint / joint. The prefabricated boards can be gypsum fiber boards, fiber cement boards, gypsum wallboards or gypsum boards / dry plaster, comprising gypsum board and at least one sheet of lining paper, at least one outer layer, with a visible outer surface ready for decorative finishing. The prefabricated panels are assembled together, possibly by means of a bonding material, and the joints are finished with a seal coat, a bond coat and / or a seal and seal coat, so as to obtain the entire visible outer surface relatively uniform or flat, including the area of ​​the joints. Such a procedure is used, for example, in the assembly of plasterboards with a cardboard facing surface with a joint and joint coating in order to create a defined space within the building, in particular for the production of walls.

According to EP-A-0 521 804, the casing paper may comprise an upper layer, also called upper web, containing white cellulose fibers, mainly synthetic, and a light-colored mineral filler, preferably white, and a pigmented layer covering the upper layer, containing a light-colored mineral filler, preferably white, and a binder.

In general, the entire visible outer layer obtained according to the above method must be produced before any surface decoration is applied, such as one or more paint or varnish type coating layers or wallpaper. This preparation is all the more necessary as there are shade or color differences between the visible outer surface of flat prefabricated elements, for example gypsum boards, and the visible outer surface of the joints. Upon completion of the finishing work, this preparation includes covering the entire surface obtained, i.e. cladding of the flat prefabricated elements plus joints, with one or more layers of paint or primer or a finishing coat.

The preparation operation represents certain additional costs, for example in the overall building process of a building. In some cases, it is still impossible to obtain the entire decorated surface with a uniform appearance, especially due to the physico-mechanical differences mainly between the joints and the flat prefabricated elements.

The object of the invention is to provide a prefabricated slab, a set and a method for carrying out interior work with the use of such slabs, which will enable the above-mentioned disadvantages to be overcome. More specifically, the object of the invention is to develop a method of carrying out interior work that avoids the need to treat the entire surface prior to decorative finishing, however, in line with professional practice in the construction industry, particularly involved in finishing work.

A flat prefabricated panel comprising a body and a coating layer formed by at least one plaster coating applied to the body by means of a coating roller, according to the invention, is characterized in that at least one plaster coating comprises mineral filler, binder and water and has a thickness between about 0.01 to about 2 mm, and preferably between about 0.2 and about 1 mm.

At least one plaster coat has the following composition by weight:

up to 70% mineral filler;

up to 10% perlite with a hydrophobic surface,

0.1 to 10% of a binding agent,

0.1 to 10% processing aid,

0.1 to 5% lubricant,

0.1 to 20% of another silicone derivative as additional lubricant, and water with optional conventional additives up to 100%.

The mineral filler is preferably calcium carbonate, the binder is polyvinyl acetate or an acrylic acid ester in an aqueous solution, the processing aid is cellulose ether, the lubricant is clay, and the additional lubricant is talc or mica.

PL 203 889 B1

The surface absorption of at least one plaster coat is not more than 60 minutes and / or is not more than 15 g / m2² in a COBB study at 23 ° C.

The reflectance of the at least one plaster coating is in the range 70% to 80%, preferably in the range 72 to 76%, for a wavelength of 475 nm.

Discoloration or discoloration of at least one plaster coat shows a color deviation (delta E *) of at most 3 after 72 hours exposure to a UV source located 15 cm from the surface and at a wavelength of at least 290 nm.

The prefabricated board is preferably a gypsum board comprising a gypsum body and at least one sheet of casing paper, the casing paper having a top layer or web containing cellulose fibers and / or mineral filler.

The cellulose fibers are white and the mineral filler is light in color.

In an embodiment, the prefabricated board is a gypsum board comprising a gypsum body with fibers and the outer surface is free of paper. In this case, the gypsum board has a fiber-free outer surface.

In another embodiment, the prefabricated board is a cement fiber board.

An interior construction kit comprising flat pre-fabricated panels comprising a body and a skin layer formed from at least one plaster coat applied to the body by a coating roller, and comprising at least one bonding material bonding the pre-fabricated panels to a substantially flat surface external, comprising the visible surface of at least one joint and the visible surface of plasterboard-coated prefabricated panels, according to the invention, is characterized in that at least one plaster coating on the panels has a thickness of between approximately 0.01 and approximately 2 mm, and at least one joining material and at least one coating plaster finish consist of mineral filler, binding agent and water, wherein the compositions of the at least one joining material and the at least one plaster coating are substantially the same, and the at least one joining material and the at least one plaster coating, when dry, have a substantially uniform outer surface, which over the entire visible surface of the at least one joining material and substantially over the entire visible outer surface of the at least one plaster coating has substantially the same at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of color, hue, reflectance and surface water absorption.

Preferably, the at least one joining material and the at least one plaster coating have substantially the same surface water absorption.

The at least one joint material and the at least one plaster coat preferably have substantially the same solids composition, the at least one plaster coat during application having a lower solids content than the at least one plaster coat during application.

The at least one plaster coat contains about 15 to 40% more, preferably about 25% more water than is initially contained in the at least one joining material.

At least one joint material is a joint and joint coating, the joint and joint coating and the at least one plaster coating having the following composition by weight:

up to 70% mineral filler, up to 10% perlite with a hydrophobic surface,

0.1 to 10% of a binding agent,

0.1 to 10% processing aid,

0.1 to 5% lubricant,

0.1 to 20% of another silicone derivative as an additional lubricant, and water with selected conventional additives up to 100%.

The mineral filler is calcium carbonate, the binder is polyvinyl acetate or an ester of acrylic acid in an aqueous solution, the processing aid is cellulose ether, the lubricant is clay, and the additional lubricant is talc or mica.

Surface water absorption of the entire surface, including the visible surface of the joining material when dry, is not more than 60 minutes and / or is not more than 15 g / m2²when tested by COBB at 23 ° C.

The dry visible surface reflectance of the at least one fastening material is in the range 70% to 80%, preferably in the range 72 to 76%, for a wavelength of 475 nm.

PL 203 889 B1

Discoloration or discoloration of the visible surface of at least one bonding material when dry shows a color deviation (delta E *) of at most 3 when exposed for 72 hours to a UV source located 15 cm from the surface and a wavelength of at least 290 nm.

The pre-fabricated boards are gypsum boards, each of which comprises a gypsum body and at least one sheet of casing paper, the casing paper having a layer or top roll containing cellulose fibers and / or mineral filler. The cellulose fibers are white and the mineral filler is light in color.

In an alternative embodiment, the prefabricated boards are gypsum boards, each of which comprises a gypsum body with fibers and the outer surface does not contain paper.

In this case, the gypsum boards have a fiber-free outer surface.

In yet another embodiment, the prefabricated boards are fiber cement boards.

The at least one joining material and the at least one plaster coat, when dry, have at least one parameter differing by no more than 10% in different areas of the outer surface, which ensures at least 90% surface homogeneity.

Preferably, the at least one joining material and the at least one plaster coating, when dry, have at least one parameter that differs by no more than 5% in different areas of the outer surface, which ensures at least 95% surface uniformity.

A method of assembling flat prefabricated panels, comprising the steps of assembling prefabricated panels comprising a body and a coating layer formed of at least one plaster coating applied to the body by an application roller by joining adjoining prefabricated panels with at least a seal coat or bonding coating, finishing the joints between adjacent prefabricated panels with at least one joining material, the at least one joining material being a sealing coating, a joining coating or a joining-joint coating, and then drying at least one joining material, according to the invention, the use of prefabricated panels with at least one plaster coat with a thickness between approximately 0.01 mm and approximately 2 mm, in addition, at least one connecting material and at least one plaster coating are used, which contain mineral filler, binding agent and water, the compositions of at least one connecting material and at least one plaster coating are chosen essentially the same, and such types of plaster are used. at least one joining material and at least one plaster coat, which when dry have a substantially homogeneous outer surface, having essentially the same at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of color, hue, reflectance and surface water absorption over the entire visible surface of the joint material and over the entire visible surface of the outer plaster coating.

Preferably, at least one plaster coat and at least one plaster coat are used which have substantially the same surface water absorption and which have substantially the same solids composition, the at least one plaster coat having a lower solids content than at least one plaster during application. bonding material during application.

Preferably, at least one plaster coat is used which contains about 15 to 40% more, preferably about 25% more water than is initially contained in the at least one joining material.

At least one joint material is used in the form of a joint and joint coating, the joint and joint coating and at least one plaster coating having the following composition by weight:

up to 70% mineral filler, up to 10% perlite with a hydrophobic surface,

0.1 to 10% of a binding agent,

0.1 to 10% processing aid,

0.1 to 5% lubricant,

0.1 to 20% of another silicone derivative as an additional lubricant, and water with selected conventional additives up to 100%.

PL 203 889 B1

The mineral filler is preferably calcium carbonate, the binder is either polyvinyl acetate or an acrylic acid ester in an aqueous solution, the processing aid is cellulose ether, the lubricant is clay, and the additional lubricant is talc or mica.

Surface water absorption of the entire surface, including the visible surface of the at least one joining material, when dry, is not more than 60 minutes and / or is not more than 15 g / m2² in a COBB study at 23 ° C.

The total surface reflectance, including the visible surface, of the at least one fastening material when dry is in the range of 70% to 80%, preferably in the range of 72 to 76%, for a wavelength of 475 nm.

Discoloration or discoloration of the entire surface, including the visible surface of at least one joining material, when dry, shows a color deviation (delta E *) of at most 3 when exposed for 72 hours to a UV source 15 cm from the surface and length a wavelength of at least 290 nm.

Gypsum boards are preferably used as prefabricated boards, each gypsum board comprising a gypsum body and at least one lining paper sheet which comprises a top layer or roll containing cellulose fibers and / or mineral filler. In this case, the cellulose fibers are white and the mineral filler is light in color.

In a variant of the method, gypsum boards are used as prefabricated boards, each of the gypsum boards comprising a gypsum body with fibers, and their outer surface does not contain paper. In this case, gypsum boards with a fiber-free outer surface are used.

Fiber cement boards are used as prefabricated boards.

At least one bonding material and at least one plaster of paris are used when dry, with at least one parameter that differs by no more than 10% in different areas of the external surface, ensuring at least 90% surface homogeneity.

At least one bonding material and at least one plaster of paris are used when dry, with at least one parameter that differs by no more than 5% in different areas of the outer surface, ensuring at least 95% surface homogeneity.

According to the invention, the method differs from the traditional method in that (1) the structure and / or composition of the outer surfaces of the prefabricated elements in the form of flat prefabricated panels, e.g. gypsum fiber boards, cement fiber boards, cement or gypsum wall coverings containing a sheet the lining paper and the gypsum body, and (2) the composition of the bonding material, e.g. of the sealant, joint coating and / or joint sealant are coordinated with each other so that, when dry, the joint material, sealant, bonding coating and / or sealant joint coating will be provided with the entire surface having one or more physical properties, including a color or shade substantially uniform over virtually the entire surface, including the area of ​​the visible outer face of the joints. For example, one or more of the physical properties differ by no more than 10%, preferably no more than 5% on different parts of the total surface, such that at least 90%, preferably at least 95%, of homogeneity is obtained. In other words, as an example, when the fastening material is in a dry state, one or more of the physical properties of the outer surface of the fastening material may differ by no more than 10%, preferably no more than 5% from the corresponding physical properties of the outer surface of the prefabricated members.

In the invention, the end joints between adjacent prefabricated panels can be made of a seal coat or as a joint coating, as a ground joint, with the application of a second joint and joint coating as a second or finishing joint. Alternatively, in the invention, the final joint between the prefabricated panels can be made as a seal coat or a joint coat, finished with one or more further layers of the same sealing or bonding coat.

Thus, by homogenizing the absorbency of the surface of the liner paper and the joint material, e.g. a sealant, joint coating and / or joint sealant, a truly perfect appearance of the paint layer or layers and a truly homogeneous adhesion of the wallpaper can then be obtained, which then allows the wallpaper to be torn uniformly. .

The method according to the invention is characterized in that, in addition to the color or shade, at least one of the following physical properties is agreed or matched between the flat prefabricated elements and the connecting material, namely:

PL 203 889 B1

- surface appearance, including light reflection;

- surface water absorption;

- discoloration or discoloration due to natural light.

Preferably these different physical properties are defined as follows:

the reflectance of the entire surface, including the visible area of ​​the joints, is between 70% and 80% and preferably between 72% and 76% for a wavelength of 457 nm;

- the discoloration or discoloration of the entire surface, including the visible surface of the joints, shows a color change (delta E *) of not more than 3 when exposed for 72 hours to a UV source positioned 15 cm from the surface and having a wavelength of at least 290 nm;

surface water absorption for the entire surface, including the visible external surface of the joints, is not more than 60 minutes and / or is not more than 15 g / m² according to COBB test at 23 ° C.

In practice and with routine experimentation, the ordinarily skilled artisan will know how to coordinate the structure and / or composition of the outer surface, e.g. for example, a joint and joint coating, so that it complies with the above-mentioned technical principles.

The flat gypsum boards according to the invention typically consist of a gypsum molded in the factory between two sheets of paper forming both its faces and its reinforcements.

Conventionally, one of the sheets of paper used to make gypsum boards is dark in color, which can range from gray to chestnut in color, because it is made of cellulose fibers that do not undergo any particular cleansing treatment. Traditionally, this so-called gray paper is obtained from unbleached chemical pulp and / or from wood pulp and / or from thermomechanical pulp and / or from semi-chemical pulp. Wood pulp is usually understood to mean a pulp obtained entirely mechanically from various raw materials, mainly wood, which can be supplemented with regenerated products of wood origin, such as used cardboard packaging, scraps of paper or wrapping paper and / or old newspapers. Thermomechanically comminuted pulp means pulp obtained by heat treatment with further mechanical processing of the raw material. By semi-chemical pulp is meant a pulp obtained by removing certain non-cellulosic components from the raw materials by means of a chemical treatment and requiring further subsequent mechanical treatment to refine the fibers.

The second sheet of gypsum boards has a visible surface, called the facing surface, which is generally lighter in color than the gray sheet. In order to obtain this lighter color, the layer or layers of this face are based on chemical pulp, bleached if necessary, consisting of recovered and / or new cellulose fibers, and / or on wood pulp, bleached if necessary. By chemical pulp is meant a pulp obtained by removing a very large proportion of non-cellulosic components from the raw material by chemical treatment, for example by cooking in the presence of suitable chemicals such as soda or bisulfite. When this chemical treatment is completed with bleaching, a large proportion of the colored substances and substances with the risk of decomposition by aging and giving off unpleasant yellow shades due to the presence of, for example, lignin are removed.

In a preferred embodiment of the panels according to the invention, according to the document EP-A-0 521 804, the content of which is referred to as reference, the lining paper comprises an upper layer, called top roll, containing white cellulose fibers, mainly synthetic, light-colored mineral filler, preferably white and a pigmented layer covering the top layer. The pigmented layer comprises a light colored mineral filler, preferably white, and a binder. Accordingly, according to the invention, the joint and joint coating comprises a light-colored, preferably white, mineral filler with a particle size between 5 and 35 μm.

The subtle grinding of the mineral filler grains in the joint and joint coating makes it possible to obtain a smooth surface, corresponding to the surface of the panel cladding. Too large grain size of the filler causes overall surface defects, such as reflection of light radiation on the surface of the coating, different from the reflection of the surface of the plate, resulting in differences in shade and color brightness. Too large grain size of the filler also causes differences in the external appearance, which are related to the differences in roughness between the plate and the coating.

PL 203 889 B1

The mineral filler is preferably between 50 and 85% of the total weight of the joint joint coating.

The coating may furthermore comprise a water-repellent agent, for example between 0.2% and 5% and preferably between 0.5% and 3% of the total weight of the coating, for example a silicone derivative. This measure slows down the drying kinetics of the coating, which helps to prevent the coating from cracking. Also, the agent has a higher water vapor resistance during the wallpaper stripping operation, so that wallpaper removal can be achieved without thereby deteriorating the good bonding of the paint or paper glue over the entire surface, including the visible surface of the joints. Indeed, this hydrophobicizing agent makes it possible to lower the absorption capacity of the surface of the coating and the facing paper of the board. Thus, all paint or paper glue applied to the entire surface shows a slight change in the absorption kinetics between the coating and the plate, making it possible to avoid spectral appearance or shade uniformity defects.

The coating further comprises an aqueous phase dispersible organic binder in an amount between 1 and 20% and preferably between 2 and 12% of the total weight of the joint and joint coating, for example polyvinyl acetates and / or acrylic acid esters. The choice of this binder is important as it must impart sufficient flexibility to the coating to resist mechanical stress, and it must have both an adhesive capacity to obtain good full-surface bonding and a good resistance to UV radiation.

In addition, a treatment aid, especially a water-retaining agent and a thickening agent, for example methylhydroxyethylcellulose, is included in the coating composition in an amount of 1 to 15%, preferably 2 to 12%, of the total weight of the joint coating.

Finally, at least one lubricant may also be present in the coating composition, particularly clay in an amount of 0.1 to 2% and preferably 0.1 to 0.6% of the total weight of the joint and joint coating. These clays are preferably silicate derivatives and more preferably clays of the attapulgite type.

Other ingredients such as biocides, dispersants, antifoams, and pigments may also be incorporated into the coating composition in a conventional manner.

The subject of the invention will be presented on the basis of the following detailed examples.

The prefabricated flat panel according to the invention comprises a body and a coating layer formed of at least one plaster coat applied to the body by means of a coating roller, the at least one plaster coat comprising mineral filler, binder and water and has a thickness of between about 0. 01 to about 2 mm, and preferably between about 0.2 and about 1 mm.

At least one plaster coat has the following composition by weight:

up to 70% mineral filler;

up to 10% perlite with a hydrophobic surface,

0.1 to 10% of a binding agent,

0.1 to 10% processing aid,

0.1 to 5% lubricant,

0.1 to 20% of another silicone derivative as additional lubricant, and water with optional conventional additives up to 100%.

The mineral filler is preferably calcium carbonate, the binder is polyvinyl acetate or an acrylic acid ester in an aqueous solution, the processing aid is cellulose ether, the lubricant is clay, and the additional lubricant is talc or mica.

The surface absorption of at least one plaster coat is not more than 60 minutes and / or is not more than 15 g / m2² in a COBB study at 23 ° C.

The reflectance of the at least one plaster coating is in the range 70% to 80%, preferably in the range 72 to 76%, for a wavelength of 475 nm.

Discoloration or discoloration of at least one plaster coat shows a color deviation (delta E *) of at most 3 after 72 hours exposure to a UV source located 15 cm from the surface and at a wavelength of at least 290 nm.

The prefabricated board is preferably a gypsum board comprising a gypsum body and at least one sheet of casing paper, the casing paper having a top layer or web containing cellulose fibers and / or mineral filler. The cellulose fibers are white and the mineral filler is light in color.

PL 203 889 B1

In an embodiment, the prefabricated board is a gypsum board comprising a gypsum body with fibers, and the outer surface does not contain paper. In this case, the gypsum board has a fiber-free outer surface.

In yet another embodiment, the prefabricated board is a cement fiber board.

In the production of the boards according to the invention, gypsum boards similar to the boards of example 5 in EP-A-0 521 804 were used, which are bonded using a conventional sealing adhesive, for example a joint sold under the registered trade name "Pregylys®". The top roll of the cladding is made of 65% and 35% talcum bleached synthetic cellulose fibers and is covered with a pigmented layer containing 85% by weight CaSO as a mineral filler.₄.2H₂O in the form of needles between 3 and 5 µm in length and as a binder, 10.3% by weight of butadiene-styrene copolymer. The sealing joint is then provided with a thin layer of a joint and joint coating according to the invention having the following composition:

- 50 to 85% by weight of calcium carbonate, with a grain size of 5 to 35 μm, as a mineral filler;

- 2 to 12% by weight of a binder containing polyvinyl acetate and acrylic esters in an aqueous dispersion;

- 0.5 to 3% by weight of a silicone derivative as a hydrophobizing agent;

- 0.1 to 0.9% of a cellulose derivative of the methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose type;

- 0.1 to 0.6% of an attapulgite type lubricant;

- 1 to 12% of another silicone derivative as an additional lubricant;

- 0.1 to 5% of poly (carboxylic acid) ammonium salt as dispersant;

- 0.001 to 0.015 iron oxide as a pigment;

- 0.1 to 0.3% of the preparation of N-formols (N-formoles) and isothiazolinones as biocides;

- 0.1 to 0.3% of a conventional anti-foam agent;

- water up to 100%.

The weight percentages are based on the total weight of the coating unless otherwise stated.

For comparison, standard boards only corresponding to the French standard NF P 72-302 and not containing the above-mentioned top roll layer and pigmented layer are installed with a plaster board bonding coating of the "Pregylys® coating" sold by Platres Lafarge.

The properties of the two entire surfaces produced in this way are compared using the following tests:

(A) The degree of whiteness or the reflectance R is measured according to NFQ 03038 at a wavelength of 457 nm. This degree represents the percentage ratio of the radiation reflected from the piece in question and the total scattering under the same conditions.

(B) The surface water absorption is measured according to the COBB test. In this study, the area was limited by a 100 cm disc² fill with distilled water at 23 ° C to a height of about 10 nm. The water is left in contact with the entire surface forming the bottom of the ring for 1 minute, then the water is poured out and the excess is dried on a centrifuge. Then the increase in mass of the area is determined and it is referred to 1 m². In an alternative version, a drop of distilled water has a volume of about 0.05 cm³ is applied at 23 ° C to the surface. It is important that the drop is applied and does not fall from different heights, which would consequently cause splashing, falsifying the results. The time in minutes represents the surface absorption of the test surface.

(C) The UV resistance is measured by exposing the entire surface to a chamber containing eight high pressure mercury lamps of 400 watts each with a wavelength less than 290 nm. The surface is kept 15 cm from the lamps and at a temperature of 60 ° C for 72 hours. The standard deviation of color E * is measured on a spectrocolorimeter according to DIN 6174 at an angle of 8 °, with D65 illumination as a bright mirror, including L *, a *, b * in this system, where L * is luminance and * is a point green to red transition ab * indicates the blue to yellow transition point. The point E * in this system which is a function of L *, a * and b * determines the colorimetry of the sample and the deviation from the reference point is measured. Generally, a color deviation greater than 2 becomes visible to the naked eye.

The results of tests (A) and (B) are summarized in Table I and for test (C) in Table II below.

PL 203 889 B1

Table I.

<td></td><td>The entire surface of the standard layout</td><td>The entire surface of the system according to the invention</td>

<td>Reflection R (%)</td><td>plate: 50 to 60; shell: 65 to 85</td><td>plate: 72 to 76 coating: 72 to 76</td>

<td>Absorption</td><td> 19</td><td> 13</td>

<td>COBB (g / m²)</td><td>plate: 50 coating: 15</td><td>slab:&gt; = 60 coating:&gt; = 60</td>

This shows that the entire surface according to the invention is clearly more homogeneous than a system assembled by conventional technique. Moreover, the more uniform absorption time of the entire surface makes it possible to use paints with a lower hiding power than needed for traditional boards and coatings, which is also beneficial for the painting operation.

Table II

<td>Before the exhibition</td><td>Standard</td><td>Invention</td>

<td>Initial measurements for the panel</td><td>L * = 82.94 a * = -0.43 b * = 4.64</td><td>L * = 90.41 a * = -0.03 b * = 3.13</td>

<td>Initial measurements for joining</td><td>L * = 90.70 a * = 0.73 b * = 5.28</td><td>L * = 89.70 a * = 0.50 b * = 3.60</td>

<td></td><td>Slab / joint color deviation delta * E = 7.87</td><td>Slab / joint color deviation delta * E = 1</td>

<td>After exposure to UV rays for 72 hours</td><td></td><td></td>

<td>Measurements for the panel after exposure</td><td>L * = 81.10 a * = 0.69 b * = 12.93</td><td>L * = 90.38 a * = -0.91 b * = 7.40</td>

<td></td><td>Color deviation delta E * = 8.56; very significant yellowing plus chestnut stains</td><td>Delta color deviation E * = 4.36; significant yellowing</td>

<td>Measurements for joining after irradiation</td><td>L * = 88.90 a * = 0.91 b * = 3.83</td><td>L * * 89.17 a * = 0.50 b * = 3.19</td>

<td></td><td>Color deviation delta E * = 2.32; light with yellowing plus a few chestnut stains</td><td>Delta color deviation E * = 0.67; very little color deviation</td>

This table shows that the color deviation before exposure to UV radiation is much smaller for the entire surface according to the invention than for the entire surface as conventionally obtained.

This table also shows that the color change upon exposure to UV radiation is much less pronounced for the total surface according to the invention than for the conventional surface. Indeed, the color deviation before and after exposure to radiation must be as small as possible so that the entire surface does not appear to the naked eye to be stained or covered with zones of different shade and brightness.

This is not possible with the entire surface obtained with conventional gypsum boards, but the very small deviation of the entire surface of the boards according to the invention makes it possible to reduce this disadvantage.

The invention provides a good fit of the connection between prefabricated elements, preferably flat prefabricated elements, such as gypsum fiber boards, fiber cement boards, gypsum wallcoverings, or gypsum boards / dry plasters.

A coating having a similar composition and / or adapted to that of the fastening material, e.g., a sealing coat, a bonding coat and / or a joint and adhesive coating, is applied as a so-called

Plastering (i.e. a coating layer of relatively low thickness) on the outer surface of the prefabricated elements, e.g. facing of a standard gypsum board. The plaster is applied, for example, in the factory, for example by roller coating or by spraying with a spraying device, on the pre-fabricated element so that the plaster-coated prefabricated element is delivered to the assembly site already with the plaster coating on its surface. The coating of the already applied plasterboard provides homogeneous properties of the final surface as it has a composition similar to that of the joint material, e.g. a sealing coating, a joint coating and / or a joint and joint coating for the joint.

Thus, the board according to the invention is a flat prefabricated gypsum board comprising a gypsum body and at least one sheet of lining paper, wherein the lining paper comprises an upper layer or roll containing cellulose fibers in a color preferably white and / or a mineral filler in a color preferably light, comprising a coating layer formed by at least one plaster coating layer applied to the outer surface of the prefab by means of coating rollers with a thickness of at least one plaster coating generally between about 0.1 and about 2 mm and preferably between about 0.2 and about 1 mm.

The difference in color between the visible face of at least one joining material and the visible face of at least one plaster coat, for both coats when dry, expressed as delta E *, is at most approximately 2.

The invention also relates to a construction kit for interior work.

An interior construction kit comprising flat prefabricated panels having a body and a coating layer formed by at least one plaster coat applied to the body by a coating roller, and including at least one bonding material bonding the prefabricated panels to a substantially flat surface external, covering the visible surface of at least one joint and the visible surface of prefabricated plasterboards covered with plaster, with at least one plaster coating on the panels having a thickness of between approximately 0.01 and approximately 2 mm, and at least one joining material and at least one plaster coating containing mineral filler , binder and water wherein the compositions of the at least one joining material and the at least one plaster coating are substantially the same, and the at least one joining material and the at least one plaster coating, when dry, have a substantially uniform outer surface, which over the entire visible surface of the at least one joining material and substantially over the entire visible outer surface of the at least one plaster coating has substantially the same at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of color, hue, reflectance and surface water absorption.

Preferably, the at least one joining material and the at least one plaster coating have substantially the same surface water absorption.

The at least one joint material and the at least one plaster coat preferably have substantially the same solids composition, the at least one plaster coat during application having a lower solids content than the at least one plaster coat during application.

The at least one plaster coat contains about 15 to 40% more, preferably about 25% more water than is initially contained in the at least one joining material.

At least one joint material is a joint and joint coating, the joint and joint coating and the at least one plaster coating having the following composition by weight:

up to 70% mineral filler, up to 10% perlite with a hydrophobic surface,

0.1 to 10% of a binding agent,

0.1 to 10% processing aid,

0.1 to 5% lubricant,

0.1 to 20% of another silicone derivative as an additional lubricant, and water with selected conventional additives up to 100%.

The mineral filler is calcium carbonate, the binder is polyvinyl acetate or an ester of acrylic acid in an aqueous solution, the processing aid is cellulose ether, the lubricant is clay, and the additional lubricant is talc or mica.

PL 203 889 B1

Surface water absorption of the entire surface, including the visible surface of the joining material when dry, is not more than 60 minutes and / or is not more than 15 g / m2²in a COBB study at 23 ° C.

The dry visible surface reflectance of the at least one fastening material is in the range 70% to 80%, preferably in the range 72 to 76%, for a wavelength of 475 nm.

Discoloration or discoloration of the visible surface of at least one bonding material when dry shows a color deviation (delta E *) of not more than 3 when exposed for 72 hours to a UV source 15 cm from the surface and at a wavelength of at least 290 nm .

The pre-fabricated boards are gypsum boards, each comprising a gypsum body and at least one sheet of casing paper, the casing paper having a layer or top roll containing cellulose fibers and / or mineral filler. The cellulose fibers are white and the mineral filler is light in color.

In an alternative embodiment, the prefabricated boards are gypsum boards, each of which comprises a gypsum body with fibers and the outer surface does not contain paper.

In this case, the gypsum boards have a fiber-free outer surface.

In yet another embodiment, the prefabricated panels are fiber cement panels.

The at least one joining material and the at least one plaster coat, when dry, have at least one parameter differing by no more than 10% in different areas of the outer surface, which ensures at least 90% surface homogeneity.

Preferably, the at least one joining material and the at least one plaster coating, when dry, have at least one parameter differing by no more than 5% in different areas of the outer surface, which ensures at least 95% surface uniformity.

Thus, in the invention, the flat prefabricated elements can be gypsum fiber boards, fiber cement boards, gypsum facings and / or gypsum boards / dry plasters. In the latter embodiment, the prefabricated elements are preferably gypsum boards, where each gypsum board comprises a gypsum body and at least one sheet of casing paper, in which the casing paper comprises a top layer or a roll, containing cellulose fibers in a preferably white color and / or a filler. mineral, preferably light in color.

According to a preferred embodiment, the at least one joining material and the at least one plaster coating essentially have the same surface water absorption. Preferably, the at least one joining material and the at least one plaster coat are also substantially the same color and / or reflectance.

According to a preferred embodiment, the at least one joint material, e.g. the joint and joint coating, and the at least one plaster coating essentially have the same composition, the plaster coating having a solids content during application that is lower than the joint material during application.

Especially when applying a plaster coat, its viscosity is adjusted to the viscosity required for the coating equipment used.

The coating apparatus is generally coating rollers which operate under standard conditions for coating the product on the plate. Dimensions, speed of rotation, feed, temperature, and any other operating parameter are selectable by one of ordinary skill in the art.

For example, compared to a joint material such as a joint and joint coating, the plasterboard coating during application (for example, when applying a plaster coating to prefabricated elements or when plasterboard-coated prefabricated elements are assembled using the method of the present invention) more water than is initially contained in a joint material such as a joint and joint coating. Thus it will generally contain additional water, e.g. about 10 to 60%, preferably about 15 to 40%, more preferably about 25% more water than is initially contained in a fastening material such as a joint and joint coating. By the term "water initially present in the joint material is meant the amount of water contained in the joint material during the application of the joint material to the plasterboard precast elements, before the joint material is dry.

The final gypsum coating thickness (determined when dry) is generally between about 0.001 and about 3 mm, preferably about 0.01 to about 2 mm, more preferably between about 0.01 and 1 mm, and most preferably between about 0.2 and about 2 mm. about 1 mm.

PL 203 889 B1

According to another preferred embodiment, the joint material such as the sealant coating, the joint coating and the joint and joint coating, and the plaster coating have the following composition in percent by weight:

up to 70% of a mineral filler such as calcium carbonate;

up to 10% perlite with a hydrophobic surface;

0.1 to 10% of a binder such as polyvinyl acetates and acrylic esters in aqueous solution;

0.1 to 10% of a processing aid such as cellulose ethers;

0.1 to 5% of a lubricant such as clay;

0.1 to 20% of another silicone derivative as additional lubricant, such as talc and mica;

water with conventional additives to choose from up to 100%.

The fastener material compositions such as joint and plaster coating are not limited to the ingredients mentioned above in the amounts stated above for the preferred embodiment. Other amounts may be present in the compositions of the jointing material such as joint and joint coating and plastering.

By using the plasterboard-introducing embodiment, it is possible to obtain the same surface water absorption, reflectance and / or color deviation as in the first embodiment described above, i.e. an embodiment using an adaptation of the adhesive material composition, e.g., a sealant coating, a joint coating and / or a joint and joint coating for the composition of the surface of a prefabricated element, e.g. the upper layer or roll and / or the pigmented layer of gypsum boards to form a substantially uniform outer surface when dry.

Thus, the kit according to the invention for carrying out interior work comprises at least one prefabricated element (preferably a prefabricated flat element such as a board, e.g. the gypsum board comprises a gypsum body and at least one sheet of lining paper, wherein the lining paper comprises a top layer or a roll containing cellulose fibers in color preferably white and / or mineral filler in a color, preferably light color), which prefabricated element comprises a coating layer formed by at least one plaster coat layer applied to the outer surface of the prefabricated element by means of a coating device;

at least one connecting material, e.g. a sealing coat, a bonding coat and / or a bonding and joint coat for joining prefabricated elements into a substantially flat outer surface including the visible surface of at least one joint and the visible surface of the prefabricated element covered with a plaster coating, at least one connecting material and at least one plaster coating contain mineral filler, binding agent and water, in which the compositions of the connecting material and the plaster coating are mutually adapted to each other, whereby the joint material and the plaster coating, when dry, form a substantially homogeneous outer surface having substantially at least one parameter over its entire surface (which parameter may be chosen from the group consisting of color, reflectance and surface water absorption), essentially the same over the entire surface, thus the surface is ready for a decorative finish. For example, at least one parameter differs by no more than 10%, preferably no more than 5% in different areas of the total surface, such that at least 90%, preferably at least 95%, of homogeneity is obtained. In other words, as an example, when the at least one joining material and the prefabricated elements are dry, at least one parameter of the visible area of ​​the at least one joining material differs by no more than 10%, preferably no more than 5%, from the corresponding parameter of the visible area of ​​the elements. prefabricated.

The method according to the invention relates to the assembly of flat prefabricated panels and comprises the steps of assembling the prefabricated panels comprising a body and a coating layer formed of at least one plaster coating applied to the body by means of an application roller by joining adjoining prefabricated panels by means of at least a seal coat or a joint coating. , finishing the joints between adjacent prefabricated panels with at least one joining material, the at least one joining material being a sealing coating, a joining coating or a joining-joining coating, and then drying at least one joining material, with the use of prefaPL 203 panels in the invention 889 B1, brushed, having at least one plaster coat with a thickness between about 0.01 mm and about 2 mm, in addition, at least one connecting material and at least one plaster coating are used, which contain mineral filler, binding agent and water, the compositions of at least one connecting material and at least one plaster coating are chosen essentially the same, and such types of plaster are used. at least one joining material and at least one plaster coat, which when dry have a substantially homogeneous outer surface, having essentially the same at least one parameter selected from the group consisting of color, hue, reflectance and surface water absorption over the entire visible surface of the joint material and over the entire visible surface of the outer plaster coating.

Preferably, at least one plaster coat and at least one plaster coat are used which have substantially the same surface water absorption and which have substantially the same solids composition, the at least one plaster coat having a lower solids content than at least one plaster during application. bonding material during application.

Preferably, at least one plaster coat is used which contains about 15 to 40% more, preferably about 25% more water than is initially contained in the at least one joining material.

At least one joint material is used in the form of a joint and joint coating, the joint and joint coating and at least one plaster coating having the following composition by weight:

up to 70% mineral filler, up to 10% perlite with a hydrophobic surface,

0.1 to 10% of a binding agent,

0.1 to 10% processing aid,

0.1 to 5% lubricant,

0.1 to 20% of another silicone derivative as an additional lubricant, and water with selected conventional additives up to 100%.

The mineral filler is preferably calcium carbonate, the binder is either polyvinyl acetate or an acrylic acid ester in an aqueous solution, the processing aid is cellulose ether, the lubricant is clay, and the additional lubricant is talc or mica.

Surface water absorption of the entire surface, including the visible surface of the at least one joining material, when dry, is not more than 60 minutes and / or is not more than 15 g / m2² in a COBB study at 23 ° C.

The total surface reflectance, including the visible surface, of the at least one fastening material when dry is in the range of 70% to 80%, preferably in the range of 72 to 76%, for a wavelength of 475 nm.

Discoloration or discoloration of the entire surface, including the visible surface of at least one joining material, when dry, shows a color deviation (delta E *) of at most 3 when exposed for 72 hours to a UV source 15 cm from the surface and length a wavelength of at least 290 nm.

Gypsum boards are preferably used as prefabricated boards, each gypsum board comprising a gypsum body and at least one lining paper sheet which comprises a top layer or roll containing cellulose fibers and / or mineral filler. In this case, the cellulose fibers are white and the mineral filler is light in color.

In a variant of the method, gypsum boards are used as prefabricated boards, each of the gypsum boards comprising a gypsum body with fibers, and their outer surface does not contain paper. In this case, gypsum boards with a fiber-free outer surface are used.

In yet another embodiment of the method, fiber cement boards are used as prefabricated boards.

The method uses at least one connecting material and at least one plaster coating when dry, having at least one parameter differing by no more than 10% in different areas of the outer surface, ensuring at least 90% of surface uniformity, and in particular having at least one parameter that differs. by no more than 5% in different areas of the outer surface, ensuring at least 95% surface homogeneity.

PL 203 889 B1

Finishing work according to this method includes the assembly of prefabricated elements (preferably prefabricated flat elements, such as e.g. gypsum fiber boards, fiber cement boards, gypsum cladding boards or dry renders, wherein each gypsum board comprises a gypsum body and at least one sheet of casing paper, wherein the casing paper comprises an upper layer or a roll containing cellulose fibers in a color, preferably white and / or a mineral filler in a color, preferably light), which prefabricated elements have a coating layer formed by at least one plaster coating layer applied to the outer surface of the prefabricated elements by a coating device by at least one connecting material, e.g. a sealing coating, a joint coating and / or a joint and joint coating;

joining adjoining prefabricated elements with a seal coat or a bond coat to form at least one weld; and finishing the at least one joint with at least one joining material, where the at least one joining material may be e.g. sealant coating, joint coating and / or joint joint coating, and then drying the at least one joint material, the at least one joint material and the at least one plaster coating comprising mineral filler, binding agent and water, wherein the composition of the joint material and plaster coating are mutually adjusted to each other, so that the connecting material and the plaster coat are dry, form a substantially homogeneous outer surface having substantially all of its surface at least one parameter (which may be selected from the group consisting of color, reflectance and surface water absorption) substantially uniform over the entire surface and ready to be finished decorator. For example, at least one parameter differs by no more than 10%, preferably no more than 5% in different areas of the total surface, such that at least 90%, preferably at least 95%, of homogeneity is obtained. In other words, as an example, when the at least one joining material and the prefabricated elements are dry, at least one parameter of the visible area of ​​the at least one joining material differs by no more than 10%, preferably no more than 5%, from the corresponding parameter of the visible area of ​​the elements. prefabricated.