Smoking article wrapper with improved filler

(12) PATENT DESCRIPTION (19) PL (11) 201485 (13) B1 (21) Application number: 353748 ⁽¹³⁾ (22) Date of notification: 21/07/2000 ^{(51) Int.Cl.}

A24D 1/02 (2006.01) (86) Date and number of the international application:

21.07.2000, PCT / US00 / 19929 (87) Date and publication number of the international application:

2001-02-08, WO01 / 08514 PCT Gazette No. 06/01 (54) Smoking article wrapper, cigarette and cigarette layered material

<td>(30) Priority: 1999-07-28, US, 09 / 361,988 1999-09-20, US, 09 / 399,159</td><td>(73) The right holder of the patent: PHILIP MORRIS PRODUCTS INC., Richmond, US</td>

<td>(43) Application was announced: 01.12.2003 BUP 24/03</td><td>(72) Inventor (s): Jay A. Fournier, Richmond, US John B. III Paine, Midlothian, US</td>

<td>(45) The grant of the patent was announced: April 30, 2009 WUP 04/09</td><td>(74) Representative: Sierpińska Urszula, PATPOL Sp. z o. o</td>

⁽⁵⁷⁾ A smoking article wrapper in which tobacco is contained, comprising a cellulosic laminate and at least one filler, according to the invention is characterized in that the filler is effective in reducing gaseous content in the smoke generated by the combustion / pyrolysis of the smoking article.

PL 201 485 B1

Description of the invention

The invention relates to a smoking article wrapper, a cigarette and a cigarette layered material.

U.S. Patent No. 5,060,674 discloses the addition of monoammonium phosphate to cigarette paper as a burn modifier. It is known from U.S. Patent No. 4,998,543 to add monoammonium phosphate to cigarette paper to reduce the formation of streaks on the outer paper due to condensation on the inner paper due to puffs. U.S. Patent 5,105,837 discloses the addition of halides, sulfates and phosphates such as ammonium chloride, magnesium chloride, magnesium sulfate, monoammonium sulfate and disodium sulfate to cigarette paper as flame retardants. and U.S. Patent No. 5,540,242 discloses to add alginates to cigarette paper including ammonium alginate as an additive forming film to reduce sidestream smoke.

US Patent No. 2,815,760 discloses a tobacco smoke filter containing an ion exchange material that chemically reacts and retains carbonyl compounds such as aldehydes in the filter.

US Patent No. 3,685,070 discloses a tobacco smoke filter containing the lipid soluble antioxidant N, N'-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine (DDPD) for reducing cytotoxic substances in tobacco smoke. US Patent No. 3,716,063 discloses a tobacco smoke filter that selectively removes volatile aldehydes, the filter being a porous particulate material such as alumina impregnated with buffered poly (alkyleneimines). U.S. Patent No. 3,878,853 discloses a cigarette filter containing a cationic component and a high molecular weight polyamine component for the removal of ciliotoxic compounds from tobacco smoke.

Thus, the prior art includes many proposals for modifying cigarette filters to remove aldehydes from mainstream smoke, however, there continues to be a need for a wrapper of a tobacco smoking article that is effective in reducing gaseous content in mainstream smoke.

A smoking article wrapper in which tobacco is contained, comprising cellulosic laminate material and at least one filler, according to the invention is characterized in that the filler has gaseous reduction characteristics in the smoke generated by combustion / pyrolysis of the smoking article.

The filler comprises an ammonium compound to reduce the aldehyde content of mainstream smoke generated by combustion / pyrolysis of the smoking article.

The filler contains an inorganic compound selected from the group consisting of inorganic carbonates, inorganic hydroxides, inorganic oxides, and inorganic phosphates.

The filler containing the ammonium compound is ammonium magnesium phosphate or one of its hydrates.

The amount of filler ranges from about 10% to about 60% by weight based on the total weight of the wrapper.

The wrapper comprises cigarette paper having a single layer or multiple layers.

The wrapper has a specific weight of between about 15 g / m2² up to about 75 g / m² and a porosity of between about 2 CORESTA units to about 200 CORESTA units.

The wrapper has a specific weight of between about 20 g / m2² up to about 50 g / m² and a porosity of between about 10 CORESTA units to about 110 CORESTA units.

The wrapper contains from about 2% to about 15% by weight of flammable additives.

The combustible additive is an acid salt of an alkali metal.

The alkali metal acid salt is at least one selected from the group consisting of sodium fumarate, sodium citrate, potassium citrate, potassium succinate, potassium phosphate monohydrate, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

The ammonium compound-containing filler is an inorganic ammonium metal salt.

The amount of the ammonium compound ranges from about 20% to about 50% by weight based on the total weight of the wrapper.

The wrapper includes cigarette paper and the cellulosic material includes vegetable fibers.

The ammonium compound in the filler is a solid solution of ammonium magnesium phosphate and potassium magnesium phosphate or any of their suitable hydrates.

PL 201 485 B1

The ammonium compound filler contains at least one of the mineral phases dittmarite, struvite, hannayite, schertelite, mundrabilaite and swaknoite.

The filler contains at least two distinct ammonium compounds.

The wrapper includes cigarette paper surrounding a rod of cigarette tobacco.

The gaseous component the content of which is reduced by the presence of filler during combustion / pyrolysis of the smoking article comprises at least one low molecular weight aldehyde.

The wrapper includes perforations and / or includes a film forming agent.

A cigarette comprising a tobacco rod contained within a paper wrapper and an optional filter at one end of the cigarette, the paper wrapper incorporating a cellulosic laminate and at least one filler, according to the invention, the filler having features that reduce gaseous content in the smoke produced by cigarette burning / pyrolysis.

The filler contains an ammonium compound to reduce the aldehyde content of the mainstream smoke generated by cigarette combustion / pyrolysis.

The ammonium compound is ammonium magnesium phosphate and / or ammonium calcium phosphate.

A cigarette comprising a layer of tobacco surrounding a tobacco rod, a paper wrapper surrounding a layer of tobacco, and an optional filter at one end of the cigarette, the paper wrapper incorporating a cellulosic laminate and at least one filler, according to the invention, the filler being effective to reduce content. gaseous components in the mainstream smoke generated by cigarette combustion / pyrolysis.

The filler contains an ammonium compound to reduce the aldehyde content of the mainstream smoke generated by cigarette combustion / pyrolysis.

A cigarette comprising a tobacco layer surrounding a tobacco rod, a paper wrapper surrounding a tobacco layer and an optional filter at one end of the cigarette, the tobacco layer comprising tobacco and at least one filler, according to the invention, the filler having features that reduce gaseous content in the mainstream. smoke produced by burning / pyrolysing a cigarette.

The layered material of a cigarette, comprising cellulosic laminate material and a filler, according to the invention is characterized in that at least a portion of the filler consists essentially of ammonium magnesium phosphate and / or ammonium calcium phosphate.

In the wrappers of the smoking article according to the invention, ammonium containing compounds may be used as the sole filler or may be mixed with other fillers known in the art. The filler may contain two or more different ammonium-containing compounds. The wrapper may have a specific weight of between about 15 grams per square meter, preferably a specific weight of between about 20 to about 50 grams per square meter, and a porosity of between about 2 CORESTA units to about 200 CORESTA units, preferably between about 10 CORESTA units to about 110 units. CORESTA. The wrapper may contain combustible additives in an amount of from about 2% to about 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the wrapper. In addition, the wraps of the invention may be a conventional single wrapper structure, a multi-wrap structure or a multi-layer single wrapper structure. Multi-wrapped or multi-layer structures may have different levels of ammonium-containing fillers. If desired, the wrapper is perforated and / or contains a film forming agent. In a preferred embodiment, a wrapper containing an ammonium-containing filler is used to contain tobacco in a smoking article which, when burned / pyrolyzed, reduces the amount of low molecular weight aldehydes in the smoke.

The subject matter of the invention is shown in the embodiment in the drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a graph of the reduction of aldehydes as a function of ammonia in magnesium ammonium phosphate contained in cigarette papers, Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a conventional cigarette having a single wrapper according to the invention, and Fig. 3 is a perspective view. view of a less conventional cigarette having more than one wrapper according to the invention.

According to the invention, the wrapper of the smoking article has a filler that is effective in reducing the gaseous content of the smoke generated during combustion / pyrolysis of the smoking article. The wrapper is preferably a paper wrapper, wherein the filler in the paper wrapper is effective in reducing the aldehyde content of the mainstream tobacco smoke during combustion / pyrolysis of the smoking article.

The wrapper according to the invention may be produced by conventional tissue making processes in which the low solubility filler is effective in reducing the content of ingredients

Gaseous smoke in the smoke is added either by itself or as a mixture with other filler materials to the aqueous pulp containing cellulosic material.

According to a first aspect of the invention, fillers for wrappers of smoking articles are provided, the tobacco and tobacco-containing products being contained in the wrappers. As used herein, the term "tobacco" refers not only to the cut tobacco leaf filler commonly found in cigarettes, but also includes expanded tobacco, extruded tobacco, manufactured tobacco, tobacco stalks, tobacco substitutes and synthetic tobacco, and mixtures thereof. A tobacco rod includes any cylindrical tobacco-containing smoking article, e.g. a cigarette.

According to a first embodiment of the invention, the physical and chemical properties of the filler material used to make the wraps of the smoking article are selected and used so as to reduce the aldehyde content of the smoke generated during combustion / pyrolysis of the smoking article. According to the preferred solution, the tissue filler contains an ammonium-containing compound which, when heated, produces ammonia, which can chemically react with aldehydes contained in tobacco smoke and / or modify combustion / pyrolysis reactions, thereby reducing the initial formation of aldehydes, thereby reducing the supply of such aldehydes. the smoker.

A preferred ammonium-containing compound is an inorganic ammonium metal salt, such as an alkaline earth metal ammonium salt, such as MgNH₄AFTER₄xH₂O, where x is in the range of 1 to 6. It is preferred that the ammonium-containing compound has low water solubility to be compatible with conventional tissue making processes, e.g. the filler is substantially insoluble in an aqueous dispersion containing paper components such as flax, etc. Thus, the ammonium-containing compound should be sufficiently stable during the tissue-making process to remain intact as a filler in the final tissue paper. This includes sufficient thermal stability to withstand the drying steps in the tissue making process. Magnesium ammonium phosphate and its hydrates are well suited to conventional tissue making processes, and generate ammonia during the combustion process in a manner that significantly reduces the content of some low molecular weight aldehydes in the smoke. Potassium magnesium phosphate is isostructural with ammonium magnesium phosphate and can form solid solutions with it. Such solid solutions are also effective in reducing the aldehyde content of smoke, although the best practices of the invention minimize the potassium content of such solid solutions.

The ammonium filler may also contain one or more of the following mineral phases: dittmarite, struvite, hannayite, schertelite, mundrabilaite and swaknoite.

Ammonium-containing compounds are found to be useful as filler materials to provide suitable surface areas, appropriate particle sizes (mainly in the micron range), have adequate opacity, have low water solubility (desirable for tissue making), and have other properties that are considered desirable for cigarette paper fillers. For purposes of a filler for cigarette paper, the filler preferably has a particle size of less than 25 µm, more preferably less than 10 µm.

When used as a filler for making wrappers for smoking articles, a recommended amount of ammonium-containing filler is up to about 10% to about 60% of the final weight of the wrapper, more preferably up to about 20% to about 50% by weight. This percentage is referred to as the filler loading. The ammonium-containing compound may be the sole filler or may be mixed with one or more other fillers in the paper. In the case of mixtures, some, e.g. up to 60% by weight of the weight of the filler loads may contain one or more inorganic carbonates, inorganic hydroxide, inorganic oxide, or inorganic phosphate. Examples of such fillers include, for example, calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium carbonates, and titanium dioxide, as well as other fillers known in the art.

The wrappers containing the fillers of the invention may have a specific gravity of between about 15 to about 75 grams per square meter and may have a porosity of between about 2 to about 200 cubic centimeters per minute per square centimeter as measured by the CORESTA method (CORESTA units). Most preferably, the specific gravity is between about 20 to about 50 grams per square meter, and the most preferred porosity is between about 10 to about 110 CORESTA.

Combustible additives such as alkali metal salts of carboxylic acids or phosphoric acids may be used in the wrapper to regulate or control the burn rate of the resultant smoking article. For example, combustible additives can be

Are used in amounts ranging from about 2% to about 15% by weight of the wrapper. Examples of combustible additives include sodium fumarate, sodium citrate, potassium citrate, potassium succinate, potassium phosphate monohydrate, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

To prepare the wrappers containing the fillers of the invention, conventional tissue making procedures are used with the ammonium filler inclusions of the invention in place or in combination with a conventional cigarette paper filler such as calcium carbonate. Paper wraps can be made of flax, wood pulp or other plant fibers. In addition, the paper wrappers may have a conventional single-wrap construction, a multi-wrap construction, or a multi-layer single-wrap construction.

To demonstrate the practice and the beneficial results of the invention, several cigarette paper compositions were made containing different fillers and variable total filler weights per square meter of paper. The total weight of the filler per square meter of paper. The total weight of the filler is controlled by adjusting the filler load and / or the specific weight (thickness) of the tissue paper. Also included are examples of both handmade and machine-made papers, as well as handmade and machine-made cigarettes. The cigarette construction used is of the less traditional design shown in Fig. 3, which cigarette is used with an electronic smoking device as described in US Patent No. 5,692,525, the entire contents of which is hereby incorporated by reference. The levels of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in the mainstream cigarette smoke using the paper wrapper of the invention as the outer paper wrapper (71) of the cigarette were analyzed using the entire smoking process and compared using the same combustion conditions with control cigarettes of the same design in which an outer paper wrapper was used containing about 35% by weight of calcium carbonate with a specific weight of 28 g / m² and porosity 46 CORESTA. Table 1 lists different cigarette samples with a description of the tissue paper including filler, filler level, specific weight, porosity and amount of ammonia available per square centimeter of tissue paper, and the percent reduction in formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in the mainstream smoke of each cigarette relative to the control cigarette. . As shown in Table 1, the use of ammonium-containing ammonium magnesium phosphate as a filler in cigarette papers surprisingly and unexpectedly reduced the formaldehyde content of the mainstream smoke to 91%.

<td>A sample cigarette</td><td colspan="5">Outer wrapper paper</td><td colspan="2">% reduction in mainstream smoke *</td>

<td></td><td>Filler</td><td>% filler</td><td>Weight appropriate (g / m²)</td><td>Porosity (CORE- STA)</td><td>Ammonia ^ moles / cm²</td><td>Formaldehyde</td><td>Acetalde- hyd</td>

<td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td><td> 6</td><td> 7</td><td> 8</td>

<td> 1</td><td>MgNH4PO4 ^ 6H2O</td><td> 40</td><td> 25</td><td> 25</td><td> 4,1</td><td> 91%</td><td> 59%</td>

<td> 2</td><td>25% MgNH4PO4WO 75% CaCO3</td><td> 40</td><td> 25</td><td> 25</td><td> 1,0</td><td></td><td> 5%</td>

<td> 3</td><td>50% MgNH4PO4 ^ 6H2O 50%, CaCO3</td><td> 40</td><td> 25</td><td> 24</td><td> 2,0</td><td> 48%</td><td> 30%</td>

<td> 4</td><td>75% MgNH4PO4H2O 25% CaCO3</td><td> 40</td><td> 25</td><td> 24</td><td> 3,1</td><td> 64%</td><td> 32%</td>

<td> 5</td><td>MgNH4PO4 ^ 6H2O</td><td> 40</td><td> 25</td><td> 20</td><td> 4,1</td><td> 91%</td><td> 33%</td>

<td> 6</td><td>19MgNH4PO4 ^ MgK PO4 · ΧΗ2Ο</td><td> 30</td><td> 35</td><td> 27</td><td> 3,7</td><td> 81%</td><td> 45%</td>

<td> 7</td><td>MgNHUPO / e ^ O</td><td> 40</td><td> 25</td><td> 27</td><td> 3,5</td><td> 89%</td><td> 51%</td>

<td> 8</td><td>MgKPO / eHhO</td><td> 30</td><td> 35</td><td> 29</td><td> 0,0</td><td> 27%</td><td> 43%</td>

<td> 9</td><td>MgNH4PO4 ^ 3H2O</td><td> 40</td><td> 25</td><td> 31</td><td> 0,0</td><td> 42%</td><td> 42%</td>

PL 201 485 B1 cont. table

<td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td><td> 6</td><td> 7</td><td> 8</td>

<td> 10</td><td>MgNH4PO4xH2O</td><td> 40</td><td> 25</td><td> 45</td><td> 4,1</td><td> 76%</td><td> 46%</td>

<td> 11</td><td>MgNH4PO4xH2O</td><td> 30</td><td> 35</td><td> 27</td><td> 4,3</td><td> 72%</td><td> 56%</td>

<td> 12</td><td>MgNH4PO4xH2O</td><td> 40</td><td> 25</td><td> 45</td><td> 4,1</td><td> 82%</td><td> 41%</td>

<td> 13</td><td>19MgNH4PO4 ^ MgK PO4 · xH2O</td><td> 34</td><td> 47</td><td> 80</td><td> 5,5</td><td> 87%</td><td> 61%</td>

<td> 14</td><td>Mg (NH4) 0.095K0.05PO4 xH2O</td><td> 30</td><td> 37</td><td> 55</td><td> 4,5</td><td> 85%</td><td> 48%</td>

<td> 15</td><td>Mg (NH4) 0.095K0.05PO4 xH2O</td><td> 35</td><td> 45</td><td> 24</td><td> 6,4</td><td> 90%</td><td> 57%</td>

<td> 16</td><td>CaCO3</td><td> 30</td><td> 37</td><td> 29</td><td> 0,0</td><td></td><td> 11%</td>

* The values ​​quoted for each sample are the average of three cigarettes smoked with an electronic smoking device at comparable energies.

Figure 1 is a plot of the reduction of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde versus available ammonia in mole / cm² papers) in the cigarette papers of the invention containing ammonium magnesium phosphate. As shown in Figure 1, the percent reduction in formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in the mainstream smoke increases with the increase in available ammonia (produced by heating the magnesium ammonium phosphate filler paper) per unit area of ​​tissue paper. It has been surprisingly found that with increasing levels of ammonium magnesium phosphate in the filler (available ammonia), the levels of formaldehyde decrease faster than the levels of acetaldehyde. It is believed, based on thermogravimetric / mass spectroscopy data, that only ammonia and water are released from the ammonium magnesium phosphate filler during the combustion / pyrolysis of the paper, and that both the chemistry and thermodynamics are responsible for reducing the aldehyde content of the smoke. The released ammonia can influence the aldehyde content of the produced smoke through a number of mechanisms that may operate independently or simultaneously. Although not supported by theory, it is believed that among the possible mechanisms that may be responsible for reducing aldehyde content is the chemical reaction between ammonia and aldehyde gases, the reaction products of which may be less volatile and condensed / trapped in ashes, rod and / or a cigarette filter. Another possibility is that variations in combustion / pyrolysis temperatures and / or the presence of ammonia in the combustion / pyrolysis environment may be influenced, which may directly affect the initial formation of aldehydes produced during combustion processes.

The cigarette wrapper of the invention may have any desired configuration and / or one or more layers of fibers such as paper and / or tobacco containing a filler effective in reducing aldehyde content. For example, the cigarette wrapper 2 may be a single layer 4 surrounding the tobacco rod 6 as shown in the partial sectional view of Fig. 2. A less traditional cigarette wrapper is shown in Fig. 3, which cigarette is used with an electronic smoking device as described in US Patent No. 5,692,525. Figure 3 shows one type of cigarette 100 construction that may be used with an electric smoking device. As shown, the cigarette 100 includes a tobacco rod 60 and a filter portion 62 connected by tipping paper 64. Filter portion 62 preferably includes a tubular free flowing filter element 102 and a mouthpiece filter plug 104. The free flowing filter element 102 and the mouthpiece filter plug 104 may be joined together as an interconnected plug 110 by means of a plug wrap 112. The tobacco rod 60 may take various forms, including one or more of the following positions: a wrapper 71, a further free-flow tubular filter element 74, a cylindrical tobacco plug 80, preferably a wrapped plug wrap 84, a tobacco layer or mat 66 comprising a base layer 68 and tobacco 70 and void 91. Free-flow filter element 74 defines structure and support at tip 72 of tobacco rod 60. At the free end 78 of the tobacco rod 60, the tobacco layer 66 with the wrapper 71 are wrapped around the cylindrical tobacco plug 80. The tobacco rod may include tobacco, tobacco blends, tobacco substitutes, etc. The filler of the invention may be used in one or more of the layers 71, 84 , 68, 70 or 66.

PL 201 485 B1

While the invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be appreciated that changes and modifications to the invention may be apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications are to be considered within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.