Method of smoothening surfaces of glass fibre reinforced gypsum panels by means of a fluid spraying apparatus and fluid spraying apparatus therefor
18 claims: 4 independent, 14 dependent
- 1Sposób wytwarzania panelu z płyrty gipsowo-pilśniowej o wykończonej na gładko powierzchni, w którym mieszr się zmielony gips i zząstezzOi macierzyste materiału wzmocnionego włóknami orrz dostateczną ilość płynu i wytwarza się rozcieńczoną papkę sOłrkrjązą się z co najmniej około 70% wagowych płynu, po czym Oalcynuje się gips w obecności cząstek macierzystych poprzez podgrzewanie rozcieńczonej papki pok ciśnieniem i wytwarza się igiełki kryształów półhykratu siarczanu wapnia, znamienny tym, że osakza się rozcieńczoną papkę na powierzchni wytwarzając jeziorko papki, po czym kieruje się rozpylony płyn na jeziorko papki przekazując energię na powierzchnię jeziorka papki, a następnie okwaknia się jeziorko papki wytwarzając placek filtracyjny, po czym prasuje się placek filtracyjny kształtując płytę i usuwając z niej kokatkową wokę, a następnie osusza się płytę usuwając z niej pozostałą ilość wolnej woky.
- 2Sposób według zastrz. 1, znamienny tym, że twcozy się mokrą Ilnię na jeziorku papki i kieruje się rozpylony płyn na powierzchnię jeziorka papki w pobliżu mokrej linii.
- 3Sposób według zas^z. 2, znamienny tym, że z rozpylonego ppynu ppzekazuje się energię ko jeziorka papki ok powierzchni ko głębokości około jeknej kziesiątej głębokości jeziorka papki.
- 4Sposób według zasSc^. 2, znamienny tym, że na powierzchni jezOrka papki rozbija się kłaczki zmieszanych kryształków igiełkowych i włókien celulozowych, przy czym największe kłaczki mają wymiary nie przekraczające około 6 mm.
- 5Sposób według zastrz. 3, znamienny tym, że w części Ιεζΐοι-Κθ papkk stosie się kłaczki zmieszanych kryształów igiełkowych i włókien celulozowych mające ok powierzchni ko głębokości jeknej kziesiątej głębokości jeziorka papki największy wymiar mniejszy niż około 6 mm.
- 6Sposób wekług zastrz. 1, znamienny tym, że ko rozpylenia stosuje się wokę.
- 7Sposób według z£^^tr^^. 3, znamienny tym, że rozpy^ny płyn kieruue się w pszybllżeniu prostopakle ko powierzchni jeziorka papki.
- 8Sposób wekług zastrz. 1, znamienny tym, że ko rozpylania stosuje się powietrze.
- 9Sposób według ζ^^Ιγ^. 8, znamienny tym, że kierze się strumień powielrza nachylony pod kątem ko około 10° wzglękem powierzchni jeziorka papki.
- 10Sposób wyywarzania panelu z gipsowo-piiśniowej o wykończence na gładko powierzchni, w którym miesza się zmielony gips i cząsteczki macierzyste materiału wzmocnionego włóknami oraz kostateczną ilość płynu i wytwarza się rozcieńczoną papkę skłakającą się z co najmniej około 70 % wagowych płynu, po czym kalcynuje się gips w obecności cząstek macierzystych poprzez pokgrzewanie rozcieńczonej papki pok ciśnieniem i wytwarza się igiełki kryształów półhykratu siarczanu wapnia, znamienny tym, że osakza się półhykrat siarczanu wapnia i kokane cząsteczki macierzyste na powierzchni kla wytworzenia jeziorka papki, po czym tworzy się mokrą linię na wierzchu papki, a następnie na jeziorko papki kieruje się rozpylony strumień płynu i usuwa się większą część cieczy z jeziorka papki formując placek filtracyjny, a następnie uwaknia się gips, po czym prasuje się placek filtracyjny kształtując płytę, którą następnie osusza się.
- 11Sposób wygładzania pł^\^i^r^c^ł^ni ppłyty pii^r^ic^A^^jj w Ikórym dostarcza się papkk na powierzchnię płyty, znamienny tym, że materiał nakłaka się na powierzchnię kla wytworzenia jeziorka papki, po czym kieruje się rozpylony płyn na powierzchnię jeziorka papki, a następnie usuwa się większość woky znajkującej się w jeziorku papki tworząc placek filtracyjny, po czym prasuje się placek filtracyjny w postać płyty.
- 12Sposób według zastrz. 11, znamienny tym, że rozpy^ny ppyn kierze się w pszybllżeniu prostopakle na powierzchnię jeziorka papki.
- 13Sposób według zastrz. 12, znamienny tym, że rozpylany ppyn kienue się na powierzchnię jeziorka papki przekazując energię ko części głębokości jeziorka papki.
- 14Sposób według zastrz. 12, znamienny tym, że rozpylany płyn kienue się na powierzchnię jeziorka papki przekazując energię ko głębokości około jeknej kziesiątej głębokości jeziorka papki.
- 15Sposóbwedługzastrz. 13, znamiennytym, że energię się do częścż głębokości jeziorka papki rozrywając kłaczki lub skupiska obecne na tej głębokości ko największego wymiaru mniejszego niż około 6 mm.
- 16Sposób według zastrrz 11, znam lenny tym, że na materiale papki natożonym na powierzchnię wyznacza się mokrą linię płynu.
- 17Sposób według zastrrz 16, że popszecznie do Ilnii ki^r^Lu^ się rozpylony płyn. PL 200 680 B1
- 18Sposób według zastrz. 17, z namienny t ym, że przed skierowaniem rozpylonego płyni ustawia kię graąUageid rsaynlsjącm w ysłsemeig yray którym rsaynlsen yłye jmrt osyragcpen Us ms krmj lieii płynu.
Independent claims18
51 paragraphs in 1 section, as filed
Description of the invention
The present invention relates to a method for producing a plasterboard panel with a smooth surface and a method for smoothing the surface of a fibreboard.
Such methods are used in particular to improve the smoothness of composite materials used in construction. In this method, an air or water medium is used to spray or spatter the material to give the material surface sufficient energy while the composite material is still in a slurry or partially set slurry. This energy causes the flakes or clusters of composite materials to break apart, which make the final product rough.
U.S. Patent No. 5,320,677 discloses a composite product made in the process of producing gypsum fibreboards and a method of producing a material in which a dilute slurry composed of gypsum particles and cellulose fibers is heated under pressure to transform the gypsum, i.e. calcium sulfate in the solid state. dihydrate (CaSO<sub>4</sub> • 2H2O) to calcium sulfate hemihydrate having acicular crystals. Cellulose fibers have pores or voids on the surface and inside a crystalline alpha hemihydrate form, around the voids and pores of the cellulose fibers. The heated slurry is then dewatered to form a mat, preferably using a combination of equipment such as those used in papermaking, and before the slurry is sufficiently cooled to hydrate the hemihydrate to gypsum, the mat is pressed into a board of the desired configuration. The compressed mat is cooled and the hemihydrate is hydrated to gypsum to form a dimensionally stable, strong and suitable for construction board. The board is then trimmed and dried.
One of the advantages of the method disclosed in Patent Specification No. 5,320,677 is that the surface of the gypsum board produced can be smoothed or alternatively textured when the board is made. The advantage that is obtained by treating the surface of gypsum boards reinforced with fiber on the production line is the reduction of the processing time performed on the pulp or wet gypsum mass. Smoothing, as described in this application, begins while the material is still in a slurry form or is just beginning to form a semi-fluid state.
When the hydrated calcium sulphate hemihydrate slurry exits the pour container and is applied to the conveyor belt or forming line, the slurry will have a temperature on the order of about 93 ° C 12.22 ° C. Then, as the slurry spreads to form a forming puddle pool that is spilled on the conveyor, the operation of the vacuum pumps begins to remove free water, the temperature drops significantly, and the irrigation process begins.
When the pulp leaves the filler cup, the dehydration process begins with the operation of vacuum pumps. However, the mixed crystals and fibers can accumulate and form flocs and clusters that are undesirable on the surface of the product. It is desirable that the largest sizes of the flocs and clusters be less than about 6 mm. When the hydrated chunks of the mixed crystals and fibers are larger than 6 mm, they impart an undesirable roughness to the surface of the finished material. The roughness of the wet mixed product is detrimental to final installations where the finish is important for end uses such as painted surfaces (walls) and thin coatings (vinyl laminates). The only reason for this roughness is the conditions in the forming basins during the production of the underlay.
Typically, at least two factors increase the roughness: a dense texture and the content of long fibers. They are known to be minimized by adding water to thin the consistency and mixing in the forming pools. However, both of these methods have different undesirable effects. The addition of water adversely affects the speed of the dewatering and can reduce the speed of the production line and increase the need for vacuum pumps. Agitation in the pool can adversely affect the desired formation of the co-deposited structure when the slurry is dewatered into lumps if the mixing has been used at the wrong step of forming the article or at the wrong level of grout. In addition, if mixing is applied, the lower density materials will separate from the higher density materials when the slurry contains mixed raw materials with different densities or deposition rates, as is typical with a high filling of fine paper or in the wet process of making cellulose-based drywall. density, resulting in a heterogeneous product. The separation of material can also reduce the absorption on the first pass of the production line, as the denser materials that should remain on the forming table are pulled out by the vacuum units during the first pass of the production line.
After drainage and transferred back to the forming containers for reuse in the slurry.
Many other methods are used to modify the characteristics of the poured slurries to improve surface smoothness, such as vibrating bars, vibrating plates, rotating rollers, smooth top plates, water spraying, etc. The application of a liquid spray applied to the wet line area provides a better surface smoothness than have fibreboards smoothed using a different method.
A method for producing a smooth-finished drywall panel according to the invention, wherein ground gypsum and the parent particles of a fiber-reinforced material and a sufficient amount of liquid are mixed and a dilute slurry of at least about 70% by weight of the liquid is produced after whereby the gypsum is calcined in the presence of the parent particles by heating the diluted slurry under pressure and producing needles of calcium sulphate hemihydrate crystals, characterized by the fact that the diluted slurry is deposited on the surface, producing a puddle pool, then the sprayed liquid is directed to the mushroom pool, transmitting energy to the surface of the mush pool, and then the puddle pool is drained, producing a filter cake, then the filter cake is pressed to form a plate and removing the extra water from it, and then drying the plate by removing any remaining free water from it.
A wet line is formed on the pulp pool and the spray is directed to the surface of the pulp pool near the wet line.
The atomized fluid transfers energy to the pulp pool from the surface to a depth of about one-tenth the depth of the pulp pool.
On the surface of the pulp pool, flocs of the mixed acicular crystals and cellulose fibers are broken, with the largest flocs not exceeding about 6 mm in size.
In the part of the pulp pool, flocs of mixed acicular crystals and cellulose fibers are used, having from the surface to a depth of one tenth of the depth of the pulp pool the largest dimension less than about 6 mm.
Water is used for spraying.
The spray is directed approximately perpendicular to the surface of the puddle pool.
Air is used for atomization.
The air stream is directed at an angle of up to about 10 ° to the surface of the puddle pool.
A method of making a smooth-finished drywall panel according to another embodiment of the invention is characterized in that calcium sulfate hemihydrate and added parent particles are deposited on the surface to form a slurry pool, and a wet line is formed on top. the slurry, and then a sprayed stream of liquid is directed to the slurry pool and most of the liquid is removed from the slurry pool, forming a filter cake, and then the gypsum is hydrated and the filter cake is pressed to form a plate which is then dried.
The method of smoothing the surface of a fibreboard according to the invention in which a slurry material is supplied to the board surface is characterized in that the material is applied to the surface to form a slurry pool, whereafter the spray is directed to the surface of the slurry pool, and then most of the water is removed. the pulp contained in the pool to form a filter cake, after which the filter cake is pressed into a plate.
It is preferred that the sprayed fluid is directed approximately perpendicular to the surface of the slurry pool, and in particular, the sprayed fluid is directed to the surface of the slurry pool, transmitting energy to a portion of the depth of the slurry pool.
The sprayed fluid is directed to the surface of the pulp pool, transmitting energy to a depth of about one-tenth the depth of the pulp pool.
The energy is transferred to a part of the depth of the pulp pool, breaking the flocs or clusters present at that depth to the greatest dimension less than about 6 mm.
A wet line of liquid is marked on the slurry material applied to the surface.
The spray is directed transversely to the wet line.
Before directing the sprayed fluid, the spraying device is adjusted to a position where the spray is transverse to the wet line of fluid.
The advantage of the proposed solution is that the atomization of the medium, such as air or water, at the appropriate pressure, angle of incidence and distance from the surface, can be used in the pool forming products containing fibers, especially those formed at high density for
To modify the properties of the grout during molding and to improve the parameters, especially the smoothness of the final board.
If the liquid is water, the water dust is applied perpendicular to the direction of the grout. It has been found that an atomized fluid applied at a low flow rate and low pressure of 68.9 kPa to 344.7 kPa can impart the required energy with the advantage that the addition of water and hence the required removal thereof is reduced, which is superior to conventional water. a stream of water designed to thin the consistency.
One way to create this spray of water is to connect a water source to a manifold with multiple nozzles. The water source can be any water source that can supply pressurized water, such as a gravity canister, municipal water supply, or a hydraulic pump. The nozzles are positioned on two dimensioned tracks. Experiments with various pressures and flow rates have shown that better performance is achieved with reduced pressure and reduced flow rates. The parameters of the water spray method described herein result from the energy transfer of the water jet and not from simply adding water.
Although the principle of energy transfer is the same when the refrigerant is gas, the implementation is different. For example, when the medium is air, the air flow or air lance extends over the entire mold pool, from the valve on one side to the valve on the opposite side. The air lance is used with a low angle of incidence, and this offers much more flexibility than a water spray, although a water spray is an effective alternative. Moreover, the air lance is superior to the spray of water in that it does not add water, so it does not need to be subsequently removed in the dewatering process.
Nozzles are installed on a manifold to deliver a homogeneous air stream along the two dimensional paths.
Experiments with various pressures and flow rates have shown that better performance is achieved with reduced pressure and reduced flow rates. The lower pressures required for optimal results allow the use of blowers rather than more expensive air compressors as the source of the air stream. The experiments have also shown the unexpected result of increasing the value of the bending resistance of the constructed gypsum structural fibreboards.
The subject matter of the invention is described with reference to the drawing, in which Fig. 1 shows a simplified drawing illustrating a production line for the production of a panel of gypsum fiber boards having a spout, a spraying device, a vacuum dewatering device, a primary dewatering press, a secondary dewatering press, all for processing on a conveyor, gypsum pulp with fibers, fig. 2 is a plan view of the start of a forming line including a pour canister, a forming table including a slurry pool and a water spraying device, Fig. 3 is a side view of a forming table including a pour can, vacuum chamber, side valve and water spraying device, Fig. 3a is a view in front, looking upwards, of the water spraying device, showing water spray jets falling on the slurry, fig. 3b is a perspective view of a water spraying device and a slurry pool, FIG. 4 is a top plan view of a forming line including a pour container, a forming table including a slurry pool and an air lance device, FIG. 5, a side view of a forming table including a pour container, vacuum, side valve and air lance device, fig. 5a is a front view of the air lance device showing the air flow from the lance hitting the slurry, Fig. 5b is a front view of the air lance device, Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the air lance device in operation aligned with the nozzles of a WINDJET system.
The forming system 10 shown in Fig. 1 comprises a spout 12, a vacuum chamber 14 and a spraying device 50 and a (primary) moisture extruder 16 to compress the drained mass to a desired thickness and remove 80-90% of the remaining water. The system 10 also includes a secondary press 18 to compress the plate while giving it a final, calibrated thickness, and to aid in bending resistance to the final product. The secondary press 18 has a continuous belt 20 which also helps to keep the surface of the plate smooth as it drains the mass pressed against the belt 20.
With reference to Fig. 2, a pouring container 12 is used to evenly distribute the limed slurry having at least 70 wt.% Of liquid over the entire width of the forming table 25, where the vacuum chambers 14 are used to drain the slurry into a mass 85 with a total content of PL 200. 680 B1 transition content 28-41% (basic moisture) (40-70% dry content). The forming table 25 includes side valves 26 including a puddle 80 and a conveyor or forming line 27 for conveying the slurry from the filler 12 to the primary press 16. As the slurry is transported along the forming table 25, the vacuum chamber 14 drains the slurry to a mass state 85. causing a reduction in the water content gradient of the slurry being dispensed from the spout 12 to the primary press 16. At some point along this gradient there is a zone referred to as a wet line marked W where the slurry is observed to change to a wet mass 85. In other words, it can be seen that the slurry is no longer a liquid as the water is partially removed.
As a result of liming in the previous step, acicular crystals of calcium sulphate hemihydrate are formed in the slurry. If they mix with the cellulosic fibers into flocs or clumps on or near the surface of the pulp, the mixed flocs or clumps give the final product an undesirable roughness. These flocs or clumps on or near the surface of the pulp can be broken or dispersed by applying energy to the surface and slightly below the surface of the pulp as it is dewatered. The spraying device 50 is used to impart energy. Water or air is a preferred factor for imparting energy because of its low cost and ease of obtaining, but other factors may also be used depending on the requirements of each implementation. Embodiments using air and water are described below.
Referring to Figs. 2 and 3, the spray device 50 comprises a water source 60, such as a municipal water supply, a gravity tank or a hydraulic pump, a conduit 55 or conduit system, or other water directing means from a water supply, and nozzles 52 are used to direct the spray. stream directly onto the plaster. The water pressure in the nozzles must be sufficient to generate enough force to impart energy to the surface and just below the surface of the puddle pool 80. A pressure in the range of 68.9 kPa to 344.7 kPa has been found to give good results, with a lower pressure giving the best results. The water flow rate ranges from about 0.7049 L / m, respectively<sup>2</sup> up to 1.3445 l / m<sup>2</sup> at 68.9 kPa and 275.8 kPa gives the best results when using a 0.1 cm flat blower nozzle outlet. It is preferred that the spray of water impart energy to a depth of up to about one-tenth the thickness of the pool of slurry 80. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the nozzles 52 produce a flat shape for the ejected spray, although other shapes may be used. For example, a water source 60 is connected via a conduit 55 to the inlet of the distribution manifold. The distribution manifold 51 has a plurality of water outlets to which a plurality of nozzles 52 are connected.
The manifold 51 and nozzles 52 are positioned above the forming table 25 at approximately the transition line with the orientation such that the manifold 51 is transverse to the wet W line. The manifold 51 is a straight tubular member. Due to the physical properties of the slurry pool which is subjected to the vacuum extraction of water on the moving conveyor 27, the line W is irregular and does not form a straight line, as is apparent to those skilled in the art. If so, it may be advantageous to design the manifold 51 to conform to the shape of the wet line W, allowing it to articulate or bend.
For example, the manifold 51 may be made of a flexible PVC pipe or other flexible material. The W line, of course, has a different shape than it would be without the spray of water. Accordingly, the process begins, with the water jet switched off, with the location of the wet line W, the position of which depends on the specific composition of the slurry supplied from the infusion container 12.
As shown in Figures 3, 3a and 3b, the spraying device 50 is arranged along the container 27 such that the nozzles are above the guide point of the wet W line. The spraying process then begins. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the spray of water is directed through the nozzles 52 perpendicular to the surface of the slurry. The wet line is typically an irregular curve and is located in an area having a length in the direction of travel of the conveyor 27, defined as the distance between the farthest top point and the farthest bottom point along the line W.
It is preferred that the spray covers the entire length of the region and that it extends 10% beyond each end of the region's length. In such an arrangement, the spray from the nozzles 52 is directed to the surface of the slurry, where the slurry is still fluid, but additional coverage is provided so that the irregular line W is fully embraced.
PL 200 680 B1
The spray jet then grinds the surface of the puddle pool 80 and part of its depth, thereby grinding unwanted flocs or clusters in that part of its depth such that their largest dimensions are less than 6 mm, and preferably not greater than about 2-3 mm, with what would be optimal would be a complete absence of fluff and clumps. By varying the flow rate, pressure, and size of the water droplets in the spray, as well as the angle at which the spray hits the puddle pool 80, various degrees of smoothness are achieved.
Minimizing surface roughness is most easily achieved when the atomized jet transfers energy into or breaks the slurry down to one-tenth its thickness. Energy can be injected to a depth of more than one tenth, but this does not further improve the smoothness of the final product and can create stresses. Energy can also be injected to a depth of less than one tenth, but optimum results will not be obtained.
Referring to Figs. 4 and 5, the atomizing device 50 includes an air source, conduit 155 or conduit system, or other means to direct air from the air source to nozzles 152 used to direct the air flow onto the puddle 80. In a preferred embodiment, the air source is a blower 160 with an outlet that provides sufficient pressure such that the outlets of the blowers are pressurized up to 68.947 kPa. It has been found that the best results are obtained when the pressure is in the range of 6.895-20.684 kPa. The air source can be a compressor, but this is usually not economical. For example, the blower outlet 160 is connected to conduit 155 to the inlet of manifold 151. As shown in Figs. 5-5b and 6 for distribution manifold, manifold 151 has a plurality of outlets for air flow. The nozzles 152 in the preferred embodiment of the invention are WINDJET nozzles, but other directing means may also be used.
Manifold 151 and nozzles 152 are positioned above the forming table 25 at the W line, with the orientation such that the long axis of the manifold 151 runs across the W line. Due to the physical properties of the pulp pool 80, which is subjected to a vacuum water extraction on the moving conveyor 27, the line W is irregular and does not form a straight line, which is clear to those skilled in the art. As shown in Fig. 6 an air stream is directed onto the surface of the slurry through nozzles 152 in the opposite direction of the conveyor, i.e., toward the headbox 12. In this arrangement, the air stream from the nozzles 152 is directed onto the slurry surface in a zone that includes an area where the slurry is still present. liquid. The air stream then grinds the surface of the puddle pool 80 over a portion of its depth, thereby grinding unwanted flocs or clusters at that portion of its depth such that their largest dimensions are less than 6 mm, and preferably no greater than about 2-3 mm.
By varying the speed of the air stream and the angle at which the air impinges on the puddle pool 80, various degrees of smoothness are achieved. It has been found that the best results are obtained when the air flow is directed at the surface of the slurry at an angle of no more than about 10 ° to the surface of the slurry. It has been found that a low air stream pressure gives better results than a higher pressure above 68.947 kPa, but the air stream should be sufficient to transmit energy to burst the pulp to a depth of about one-tenth of the total thickness of the pulp.
Energy can be injected deeper than one tenth, but this does not further improve the smoothness of the final product and tends to create stresses. Energy can also be injected to a depth of less than a tenth, but optimum results will not be obtained.
After the fluid spray is applied, the manufacturing process can continue. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the puddle 80 is further drained and formed into a filter cake after the spray device 50 has passed through the use of additional vacuum chambers 14. Referring to Fig. 1 a conveyor or forming line 27 transfers the drained mass to the primary extruder 16, which further drains the drained gypsum mass and presses the material down to the desired board thickness.
The plate exits the primary press and is conveyed to the secondary press 18. The secondary press 18, shapes the plate to give it a final calibrated thickness. During this time, the plate begins to harden and expands to fill the gap in the clamping device. The plate swells and rests against the smooth belt 20 of the secondary press 18, which smoothes the surface even more and increases the bending strength.
7 sheets
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21 members in 10 offices
Priority claims6
| Document | Office | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31247199 | United States of America | A | |
| 31409799 | United States of America | A | |
| 09312471 | – | – | – |
| 09314097 | – | – | – |
| US19990312471 | – | – | – |
| US19990314097 | – | – | – |
Members21
| Document | Office | Kind | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2308552A1 | Canada | A1 | |
| PL340145A1 | Poland | A1 | |
| CN1273883A | China | A | |
| EP1053981A2 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A2 | |
| AU3251400A | Australia | A | |
| EP1053981A3 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A3 | |
| JP2001018210A | Japan | A | |
| KR20010069195A | Republic of Korea | A | |
| CZ20001820A3 | Czechia | A3 | |
| NZ504254A | New Zealand | A | |
| US6416695B1 | United States of America | B1 | |
| US2002145234A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| US2003049450A1 | United States of America | A1 | |
| US6699364B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| US6733261B2 | United States of America | B2 | |
| US6752895B1 | United States of America | B1 | |
| AU777630B2 | Australia | B2 | |
| KR100750606B1 | Republic of Korea | B1 | |
| PL200680B1This record | Poland | B1 | |
| CA2308552C | Canada | C | |
| JP4683693B2 | Japan | B2 |
1 legal event, as the office reported them to INPADOC
Events
| Event | Code | |
|---|---|---|
| Decisions on the lapse of the protection rightsLapsedLAPS | LAPS |
Numbers
- Publication
- 200680
- Publication, DOCDB
- 200680
- Publication, EPODOC
- PL200680B
- Application
- 340145
- Application, DOCDB
- 34014500
- Application, EPODOC
- PL20000340145
Titles2
- English
- Method of smoothening surfaces of glass fibre reinforced gypsum panels by means of a fluid spraying apparatus and fluid spraying apparatus therefor
- Polish
- Sposób wytwarzania panelu z płyty gipsowo-pilśniowej o wykończonej na gładko powierzchni i sposób wygładzania powierzchni płyty pilśniowej
Classification
- CPC, 6
- C04B11/024
- B28B1/526
- C04B20/026
- C04B40/00
- Y02W30/97
- Y02W30/91
- IPC, 12
- B05B1 04
- C04B11 02
- B28B1 52
- B32B13 02
- C04B11 024
- C04B11 032
- C04B16 02
- C04B20 02
- C04B28 00
- C04B28 14
- C04B40 00
- C04B111 40
