Apparatus and method for channel coding and multiplexing in cdma communication system

Description of the invention

The present invention relates to a method for channel coding and multiplexing in a CDMA communication system.

The well-known CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) mobile communication system mainly provides voice services. However, in the future, the CDMA mobile communications system will support the IMT-2000 standard, which can provide high-speed data services as well as voice services. More specifically, the IMT-2000 standard can provide high-quality voice services, moving image services, Internet browsing, etc. This future CDMA communication system will include a downlink for transmitting data from base station to mobile station and uplink for transmitting data from the mobile station to the base station.

Accordingly, in future CDMA communication systems, it will be desirable to provide a variety of communication services such as simultaneous voice and data communication. However, the details for implementing simultaneous voice and data communication are still to be specified.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a channel coding and multiplexing method in which transport channel frame data is divided into radio frames in a transmission apparatus of a CDMA communication system.

It is therefore also an object of the invention to provide a channel coding and multiplexing method in which each data frame in transport channels will be divided into radio frames and radio frames will be multiplexed to form a serial data frame in each radio frame transmission period (TTI) in the transmission device of the CDMA communication system.

Another object of the invention is to provide a channel coding and multiplexing method in which each data frame from multiple transport channels is divided into radio frames, the divided radio frames are multiplexed to form a serial data frame in each TTI of the radio frame, and the serial data frame will be partitioned into physical channel frames for transmission of the physical channel frames over a plurality of physical channels at a transmission device of a CDMA communication system.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a channel coding and multiplexing method in which padding bits are added to transport channel frame data and the frames are subdivided into radio frames in a channel transmission apparatus in a CDMA communication system.

Another object of the invention is to provide a channel coding and multiplexing method in which received physical radio frames are demultiplexed to form a transport channel frame in a channel receiving apparatus of a CDMA communication system.

Another object of the invention is to provide a channel coding and multiplexing method in which data frames received on multiple coded physical channels are desegmentated to form a serial data frame and demultiplexed to form radio frames of each transport channel at the receiving apparatus of a CDMA communication system.

The inventive method for channel coding and multiplexing in a CDMA communication system, wherein data frames having one or more TTIs are received in parallel on a plurality of transport channels and are multiplexed into serial data frames, characterized in that data frames are received and data frames are divided into radio frames in systems that match radio frames, the adapters are used at least equal to the number of transport channels, and the radio frames are multiplexed to form serial data frames.

Moreover, the number of radio frame bits is preferably determined in dependence on the transport channel input frame size, wherein the transport channel input frame is the data frame inputted by the radio frame conditioner, and the radio frame TTI period, and divides the data frame by the number of radio frame bits.

Preferably, the transport channel input frame is interleaved and the interleaved transport channel input frame is provided to the corresponding radio frame segmenter.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the data rate of the radio frame received from the radio frame segmenter is matched by cutting and repeating the radio frame to match the data rate of the radio frame with the frame rate of the physical channel.

PL 198 409 B1

Preferably, when radio frame adapters are included between the channel coders and the multiplexer in the uplink channel transmitting apparatus, the input transport channel frame is interleaved, the number of radio frame bits is determined as a function of the transport channel input frame size; the transport channel input frame is a data frame given to the input of the radio frame conditioner and the radio frame TTI period, and dividing the data frame by a variable, the variable depending on the TTI of the radio frame, and the data rate of the radio frame received from the radio frame segmenter is adjusted by cutting and repeating a portion of the radio frame to match the data rate of the radio frame to the channel frame rate physical.

Preferably, radio frame adapters are engaged between the channel encoders and the mux in the downlink channel transmitting device, the transport channel input frame is interleaved, the transport channel input frame is a data frame inputted by the radio frame matching device, the number of bits is determined the radio frame depending on the size of the transport channel input frame and the TTI period of the radio frame, and divides the data frame by the variable, the variable depends on the TTI of the radio frame.

Figure 1 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of an uplink transmitting apparatus, Fig. 2 a block diagram of an embodiment of a downlink transmitting apparatus, Fig. 3 - operation of the channel transmitting device shown in Figs. 1 and 2, Fig. 4 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the channel receiving device, Fig. 5 6 is a chart showing a radio frame generation procedure using filler bits, Fig. 6 is a chart showing a radio frame generation procedure without using any filler bits, Fig. 7 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a radio frame multiplexing procedure, and Fig. 8 is a chart showing an embodiment of a radio frame generation procedure; physical channel frames.

Preferred embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying figures. The well-known functions are not described in detail in the following description as this would burden the invention with unnecessary detail.

The invention details data frame segmentation, multiplexing and physical channel segmentation during channel coding and multiplexing in a channel communication device in a CDMA communication system. That is, the segmentation of radio frames, the multiplexing of radio frames and the segmentation of the multiplexed radio frames into frames of physical channels will be defined in a manner enabling the discussion of operations at the bit level, which is not provided by the Technical Specification 3GPP Channel Multiplexing and Coding, TS 25.212 version 1.0.0 1999.05.05 . 3GPP Technical Specification for Multiplexed Channel Coding, TS 25.212 version 1.0.0 1999. 05.05, published by 3GPP Organizational Partners, is attached here for information.

Before describing the defined terms, the terms used here are first used. "Transport channel frame or input data frame": a data frame fed to the input of a radio frame conditioner from a channel encoder; "Radio frame": a data frame formed by segmentation of a transport channel input frame, the size of which depends on the TTI period of the input transport channel frame and the TTI period of the radio frame, as described below. The transport channel frame may be transmitted at different rates for different transmission periods (TTIs).

The description below is provided with the understanding that specific details such as the TTI of the radio frame and the place of insertion of a filler bit will be explained by way of examples to better understand the invention. Therefore, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that this invention can be easily implemented without detail or by modification thereof.

A description will now be made of the structures and operations of the uplink and downlink channel coding and multiplexing apparatus, including a description of the first interleaver and the second interleaver according to an embodiment of the invention.

Figures 1 and 2 are block diagrams of channel transmission devices for uplink and downlink according to an embodiment of the invention. The receiving devices for receiving information from the channel transmitting devices have opposite configurations. Figure 3 shows a drawing describing the operation of the channel transmitting devices shown in Figures 1 and 2.

According to an embodiment of the invention, data frames received over the at least two transport channels may have different TTIs and different data rates da4.

PL 198 409 B1. Radio frame adapters 101, 102, 10N (i.e., "101 to 10N") receive data frames from the respective transport channels, divide the received data frames into segments of sizes depending on the TTI of the transport channel frame and the TTI period of the radio frame (i.e. radio frames), and output split radio frames in series ("N" is used when numbering elements to indicate an undefined number of the corresponding components). Each of the adapters 101 to 10N radio frame includes an interleaver for fading compensation, a radio frame segmenter for dividing the interleaved transport channel frame into radio frames, and an adjuster for controlling the data rate of radio frames by cutting / repeating certain portions of the radio frames. . In the case where the number of bits of the transport channel frame is not a multiple of the radio frame length, a corresponding matching circuitry inserts a filler bit into the transport channel frame, which is performed in the radio frame segmenter in a manner corresponding to e.g. an embodiment of the invention.

The mux 200 sequentially multiplexes the radio frames received from the adapters 101 to 10N into a serial data stream.

In multi-code transmission, the physical channel segmenter 300 divides the serial data stream received from the mux 200 into as many data frames as there are physical channels, using at least two codes, and sends the data frames to the corresponding physical channels, whereby the serial data frames may be transmitted on the channels. physical.

For single coding transmissions, the physical channel segmenter 300 need not split the serial data stream, but transmits the serial data stream over the physical channel.

Figures 1 and 3 show the entire channel coding and multiplexing block 100 consisting of parallel frames 101 to 10N radio frame conditioners for receiving N coded data that may have different Quality of Service (QoS) factors. In other words, the data streams fed to the matching circuits 101 to 10N from the MAC and higher layers (transport block / group of transport blocks) may have different QoS values. In particular, transport channel frames may have different data rates and different TTIs and each radio frame conditioner receives the frame data from a corresponding channel encoder. The same encoder outputs frame data with the same QoS value during each service. However, during a different service, the QoS value of the same encoder may change to a different one. Therefore, data with different QoS values ​​may be fed to the radio frame adapters 101 to 10N, but each radio frame adjuster receives frame data with the same QoS value during each individual service.

Each radio frame conditioner receives coded frame data with a different frame size and a different transmission period depending on its QoS value from the corresponding channel encoder. QoS values ​​designate voice, data, and images. Accordingly, the data rate and the frame data TTI depend on their QoS values. In an embodiment of the invention, data frames are assumed to have TTIs of 10, 20, 40 or 80 ms. According to its type of service, the coded input data may have different rates and different TTIs. In other words, the frames of each channel have a unique TTI and data rate. In the case where data from one channel are to be transmitted, the encoded data from one channel encoder is processed, while in the case of data transmission from two channels, the encoded data generated by the two respective channel encoders are processed.

Each of the first interleavers 111 to 11N mainly interleaves a transport channel frame received from a corresponding channel encoder. Here, the channel frame received from each channel encoder may have a different TTI and a different data rate.

As shown in Fig. 1, radio frames denoted by the abbreviation RF have the following indices: RFi, j, where i = transport channel index, aj = radio frame index for a given transport channel, RFi refers to all frames of the i-th transport channel (e.g. RF1 , 2 denotes a second radio frame of a first transport channel, and RF1 all radio frames of a first transport channel). The radio frame segmenters 121 to 12N split the data frames LF1 to LFN received from the first interleavers 111 to 11N into RF1 to RFN, respectively, as indicated by 301 in Figs. 3 and 1 and output RF1 radio frames to RFN sequentially in sequence. segmentation. In an embodiment of the invention, Ti denotes the number of radio frames on the transport channel i, where i = transport channel index (e.g., T1 denotes the number of radio frames on the first transport channel). The transport channel frames Lf1 to LFN may here have different TTIs and different data rates depending on the carrier u. The radio frame TTI is assumed to be

PL 198 409 B1 ms for an embodiment of the invention. Thus, each RF1 to RFN frame contains as much data as the transport channel input frame with a duration of 10 ms. In this case, the radio frame segmenter, when it receives a transport channel u frame with a TTI of 80 ms, divides it into eight successive radio frames and outputs the radio frames in succession. The matching circuitry, which receives a transport channel frame from a TTI of 40 ms, divides the frame into four consecutive radio frames. In the same way, the conditioner that receives a transport channel frame with a TTI of 20 ms, divides the frame into two consecutive radio frames. A data frame with a duration of 10 ms is equivalent in this respect to the TTI of the radio frame and is therefore output without segmentation.

The transport channel frame length in bits may not be an integer multiple of the radio frame length in bits. In such a case, it is preferable to insert a filler bit into the transport channel frame so that the transport channel frame length in bits becomes a multiple of the radio frame length in bits. That is, if Li / Ti (Li: transport channel input frame length on the i-th transport channel and in some embodiments of this invention, Ti = TTI for the i-th transport channel / 10 ms) is not an integer, then filler bit. The filler bit is processed before the radio frame segmentation to keep the frame length constant for the duration of the transmission. The transmission of all transport channel frames is easily controlled by keeping the length of the radio frames constant over the TTI period of the transport channel frames. When the transport channel frame has a maximum TTI of 80 ms, then a maximum of seven filler bits may be used. The decrease in transmission efficiency due to the increase in the rate of all data frames due to the addition of these filler bits. negligibly small. The radio frame segmenters 121 to 12N sequentially divide the input frames of the transport channels into 10 ms RF1 to RFN frames as indicated by the number 302 in Fig. 3. The rate adjusters 131 through 13N match the data rates of the RF1 radio frames to the RFNs received from the segmenters 121 up to 12N radio frames and output the KF1 payload frames to the KFN. Ki refers to the length of the respective KFi frames.

The above radio frame adapters 101 to 10N radio frames receive frames from the respective transport channels in parallel, check the frame lengths of the transport channels, divide the transport channel frames into radio frames, and output the radio frames in parallel. The mux 200 multiplexes the KF1 to the KFN data frames received from the rate matching circuits 131 through 13N into a serial data stream of length P as indicated at 303 in FIG. 3. Herein, mux 200 can sequentially multiplex data frames KF1 to KFN. In this case, the length of the multiplexed frames is P = K1 + K2 + ... KN. Therefore, the mux 200 first determines the N number of transport channels, receives the radio frames from the adapters 101 to 10N in parallel, and sequentially multiplexes the radio frames into a serial data frame. That is, the mux 200 outputs a serial data frame indicated at 303 in FIG. 3.

Physical channel segmenter 300 splits the multiplexed P frame from mux 200 into M physical channel frames as indicated at 304 in Fig. 3 (M denotes the number of physical channels available) and outputs the physical channel frames to second interleavers 401 to 40N . Here, each physical channel frame is P / M in length. Physical channels can use multiple codes. Therefore, the physical channel segmenter 300 determines the number of M available physical channels, divides the multiplexed serial data frames into M physical channel frames, and allocates them to the respective physical channels. A multiplexed serial data frame may be partitioned into one or more physical channel radio frames of the same rate. Alternatively, a multiplexed serial data frame can be divided into one or more physical channel frames at different rates.

The uplink receiving apparatus for receiving radio frames from the uplink transmitting apparatus shown in Fig. 1 performs the uplink transmitting apparatus operations in reverse order. The uplink receiving apparatus will be described later with reference to Fig. 4.

The operation of each component shown in Fig. 1 is illustrated in detail in Fig. 3.

In the situation shown in Fig. 3, reference numeral 301 denotes frame segmentation of the transport u channel received in parallel from the first interleavers 111 to 11N into radio frames that will be transmitted from the radio frame segmenters 121 to 12N. If Li / Ti is not an integer then the corresponding radio frame segmenter inserts a filler bit to

PL 198 409 B1

Li was a multiple of Ti. As shown in Fig. 3, filler bits are sequentially inserted into radio frames, preferably starting from the last radio frame.

Number 301 in FIG. 3 illustrates the procedure for adding filler bits to radio frames. This procedure will be explained in detail later in the description. An embodiment of the invention has been described in the context of the case where one 0 or 1 bit is inserted into one radio frame. The number 302 indicates the rate matching of the radio frames according to the data rate. Number 303 means multiplexing N radio frames of Ki (i = 1, 2, ..., N) after rate matching for one multiplexed frame of length P and transmitting the multiplexed frame to a physical channel segmenter 300. 304 is the segmentation of the multiplexed frame into M frames of physical channels and the parallel allocation of the M frames to the corresponding ohm physical channel.

Fig. 2 shows downlink transmitters for channel coding and downlink multiplexing comprising circuits matching 151 to 15M radio frames.

The downlink transmitting apparatus operates in the same manner as the uplink transmitting apparatus of Figs. 1 and 3, except that the outputs of the radio frame segmenters 171 to 17N are fed to the inputs of multiplexer 600. Matching Circuits the rates are not shown in the drawing because they are positioned upstream of the first interleavers in the downlink transmitting apparatus of Fig. 2.

The downlink receiving apparatus functions in the same way as the uplink receiver apparatus except that it does not perform the reverse operation of rate matching.

A description will now be given relating mainly to radio frame segmenters, multiplexers, and physical channel segmenters in channel transmitting devices constructed as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 in accordance with an embodiment of the invention. For a better understanding of the invention, the description will be limited to the uplink channel transmitting device.

The radio frame segmenters for uplink and downlink operate in the same manner. Radio frame segmenters 121 to 12N divide the input frames of the transport channels into 10 ms blocks of radio frames and sequentially output the radio frames. In this operation, filler bits may or may not be inserted into transport channel frames depending on the number of bits in the transport channel frame. In an embodiment of the invention, the insertion of the stuffer bits is implemented in the radio frame segmenters 121 to 12N when these bits are inserted. One filler bit is inserted into one radio frame, and the insertion of the filler bits starts from the last radio frame. A description of inserting a filler bit into a transport channel frame and then segmenting the transport channel frame into radio frames in segmentation systems 121 to 12N according to Fig. 5 will precede the description of frame segmentation of the transport u channel into radio frames without the insertion of filler bits in the radio frame segmenters 121 to 12N according to Fig. 6.

In the case where the ratio (Li / Ti) of the transport channel u given at the input of the radio frame segmenter to the radio frame TTI period is not an integer, the number ri of the filler bits is calculated as follows, so that Li / Ti is integer. Since Ti varies from 0 to 8, ri ranges from 0 to 7. (Li + ri) / Ti obtained using the filler bits is defined as KDi and Ri for the downlink and uplink respectively.

ri = Ti - (Li mod Ti), here ri = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} downlink: KDi = (LDi + rDi) / TDi; LDi, rDi and TDi are respectively equal to Li, ri and Ti for downlink uplink: Ri = (Li + ri) / Ti

If the number of ri of the filler bits is not 0, then a filler bit is added in the last bit position to keep the frame length constant, ie, KDi or Ri. 0 or 1 is arbitrarily selected as the filler bit. The filler bit has little to do with efficiency and only serves as a standby bit that can be selected by the system user. The possibility of designating the filler bit as the intermittent bit (DTX) may be considered such that the transmitter will not transmit the filler bit after channel coding and multiplexing. Radio frame blocks, which have been modified to keep the radio frame length constant in the above-described manner, are fed to the mux 200. Next, the radio frame segmentation operation at the bit level will be described in detail.

As for the bits before radio frame segmentation in the i-th matcher 10i, it is assumed that the number r of the padding bits has already been calculated i 1 <t <T1 (t denotes the radio frame index). t = 1 for the first radio frame, t = 2 for the second radio frame, and t = Ti for the last frame

PL 198 409 B1. Each radio frame has the same length, (Li + ri) / Ti. Then the output bits of the first interleaver 11I of the i-th radio frame conditioner 10i will be bi, 1, bi, 2, .... bi, Li, the output bits of the radio frame segmenter 12i will be ci, 1, ci, 2,. .., ci, [(Li + ri) / Ti] in 10 millisecond units for Ti = TTI (ms) of the i-th transport channel / 10 (ms) € {1, 2, 4, 8}.

Then the radio frame segmenter output bits for the first 10 ms: t = 1 ci, j = bi, j, j = 1, 2, ..., (Li + ri) / Ti radio frame segmenter output bits for the second 10 ms : t = 2 ci, j = bi, (j + (Li + ri) / Ti)), j = 1, 2, ..., (Li + ri) / Ti radio frame segmentation output bits for (Ti-ri ) -th 10 ms: t = (Ti-ri) ci, j = bi, (j + (Ti-ri-1) (Li + ri / Ti)), j = 1, 2, ..., (Li + ri) / Ti radio frame segmenter output bits for (Ti-ri + 1) -th 10 ms: t = (Ti-ri + 1) ci, j = bi, (j + (Ti-ri) (Li + ri / Ti)), j = 1, 2, ..., (Li + ri-1) / Ti ci, j = padding bit (0/1), j = (Li + ri) / Ti.

radio frame segmenter output bits for Ti 10 ms: t = Ti ci, j = bi, (j + (Ti-ri) (Li + ri / Ti)), j = 1, 2, ..., (Li + ri-1) / Ti ci, j = filler bit (0/1), j = (Li + ri) / Ti.

The radio frame segmenter 12i is included in the transmitting device and its counterpart is the desegmentation circuit in the receiving device. Radio frame desegmentation is the inverse of radio frame segmentation in that the 10 millisecond blocks received during the transmission period are sequentially assembled into one frame.

Fig. 5 shows a process for generating a radio frame using filler bits in the above-described manner. First, the variables used below will be defined.

t: frame time index (1, 2, ..., Ti);

RFi, t: t-th 10-millisecond radio frame in the i-th matching circuit, and

Li: length of the input frame from the i-th aligner.

In the situation shown in Fig. 5, the radio frame segmenter performs in step 511 an initialization process:

t: = 1 / * frame time index initialization * / ri: = Ti - Li mod Ti / * number of filler bits * /

Ri: = (Li + ri) / Ti for UL (uplink) / * radio frame length for uplink * /

KDi: = (LDi + rDi) / TDi for DL ​​(downlink) / * radio frame length for downlink * /

In step 513, the radio frame segmenter checks that the number of filler bits ri is 0. If the number of filler bits ri is 0, then the segmenter reads the radio frame length data from the input frame and stores it in step 517. Otherwise, when the number ri of the filler bits is not 0, then the segmenter checks in step 515 whether the frame index t is (Ti-ri +1), that is, whether a filler bit is to be added to the current radio frame. . For a radio frame to which a filler bit will not be added, the segmenter reads the radio frame length data from the input frame and stores it in step 519 and proceeds to step 525. For a radio frame to which a filler bit will be added, the segmenter reads data one bit less than the length of the radio frame from the input frame and stores it in step 521. The radio frame segmenter inserts the bit at the last position stored in step 523 of the radio frame, increments the frame index to 1 in step 525 and checks in step 527 if the current frame index t is greater than the number of Ti segments corresponding to the TTI of the radio frame. If the frame index t is smaller than the number of Ti segments corresponding to the TTI of the radio frame, then the segmenter returns to step 513. If the frame index t is greater than the number of Ti segments corresponding to the TTI of the radio frame, then the radio frame generation procedure is completed. The radio frames thus generated are sequentially fed to the second mux 200.

Instead of the radio frame segmentation described above, a radio frame segmenter that does not use filler bits can be used. As Ti varies from 0 to 8, ri varies from 0 to 7. (Li + ri) / Ti is defined as KDi and Ri for the downlink and uplink respectively.

ri = Ti - (Li mod Ti), here ri = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} downlink: KDi = (LDi + rDi) / TDi uplink : Ri = (Li + ri) / Ti

PL 198 409 B1

The operation of the radio frame segmenter not using the filler bits will now be described at the bit level.

As for the bits before radio frame segmentation in the i-th matcher 10i, it is assumed that the number ri of the filler bits has already been calculated i 1 <t <Ti (t denotes the radio frame index). t = 1 for the first radio frame, t = 2 for the second radio frame, and t = Ti for the last radio frame. Then the output bits of the first interleaver 11i of the ith radio frame conditioner 10i will be bi, 1, bi, 2; . . ., bi, L, i, and the output bits of the radio frame segmenter 12i will be those, 1, ci, 2,. . ., ci, [(Li + ri) / Ti] in 10 millisecond units for Ti = TTI (ms) of the i-th transport channel / 10 (ms) € {1,2,4,8}.

Then the radio frame segmenter output bits for the first 10 ms: t = 1 ci, j = bi, j, j = 1, 2, ..., (Li + ri) / Ti radio frame segmenter output bits for the second 10 ms : t = 2 ci, j = bi, (j + (Li + ri) / Ti)). j = 1, 2, ..., (Li + ri) / Ti radio frame segmenter output bits for (Ti-ri) -th 10 ms: t = (Ti-ri) ci, j = bi, (j + ( Ti-ri-1) (Li + ri / Ti)), j = 1, 2, ..., (Li + ri) / Ti radio frame segmenter output bits for (Ti-ri + 1) -th 10 ms : t = (Ti-ri + 1) ci, j = bi, (j + (Ti-ri) (Li + ri / Ti)), j = 1, 2, ..., (Li + ri) / Ti.

filler bits of the radio frame segmentation system for Ti 10 ms: t = Ti ci, j = bi, (j + (Ti-ri) (Li + ri / Ti)), j = 1, 2, ..., (Li + ri) / Ti.

If ri is not 0, then the length from the first to (Ti-ri) -th radio frame is Ri, and the length from (Ti-ri + 1) -th to the last radio frame is (Ri-1). For the downlink, if rDi is not 0, the length from the first to (TDi-rDi) -th radio frame is KDi, and the length from (TDirDi + 1) -th to last radio frame is (KDi-1). Time-varying radio frame blocks are fed to a multiplexer. Due to the variable length of the radio frames, the length of the multiplexer frame may vary every 10 ms and the physical channel segmenter may also operate differently every 10 ms, making frame size control a complicated task. Accordingly, the segmentation system with insertion of filler bits is preferable.

The radio frame segmenter 12i is included in the transmitting device and its counterpart is the desegmentation circuit in the receiving device. Radio frame desegmentation is the inverse of radio frame segmentation in that the 10 millisecond blocks received during the transmission period are sequentially assembled into one frame.

Fig. 6 shows a process for generating a radio frame without inserting any filler bits in the above-described manner. First, the variables used below will be defined.

t: frame time index (1, 2, ..., Ti);

Rfi, t: t-th 10-millisecond radio frame in the i-th matching circuit, and

Li: length of the input frame from the i-th aligner.

In the situation of Fig. 6, the radio frame segmenter performs in step 611 an initialization process:

t: = 1 / * frame time index initialization * / ri: = Ti - L mod Ti / * number of filler bits * /

Ri: = (Li + ri) / Ti for UL (uplink) / * uplink radio frame length * /

KDi: = (LDi + rDi) / TDi for DL ​​(downlink) / * radio frame length for downlink * /

In step 613, the radio frame segmenter checks that the number of filler bits ri is 0. If the number of filler bits ri is 0, then the segmenter reads radio frame-length data from the input frame and stores it in step 617. W otherwise, when the number of ri of the padding bits is not 0, then the slicer checks in step 615 if the frame index t is (Ti-ri + 1). If the frame index t is less than (Ti-ri + 1), the segmenter reads radio frame length data from the input frame and stores it in step 619 and proceeds to step 623. If the frame index t is equal to or greater than (Ti-ri + 1). ri + 1), the segmenter reads data one bit less than the length of the radio frame from the input frame and stores it in step 621. The radio frame segmenter in step 623 increases the frame index to 1 and checks if the current frame index t is greater than the number of Ti segments corresponding to the TTI of the radio frame in step 625. If the frame index t is less than the number of Ti segments corresponding to the TTI of the radio frame then the segmenter returns to step 613. If the t-frame index is greater than the number of Ti segments corresponding to the TTI of the radio frame, then the radio frame generation procedure is completed. The radio frames thus generated are sequentially fed to the second mux 200.

The mux 200 for the uplink will now be described. The bits described below are applied to the input of the multiplexer 200.

Rate matching # 1 output bits:

Cl, 1, ^c1,2, , ^c1, K1 Rate matching output bits # 2:

c2,1, c2,2,, c2, K2 Rate matching output bits # 3:

c3,1, c3,2,, c3, K3 Rate matching output bits #N:

cN, 1, cN, 2,, cN, KN

The output bits d1, d2, ..., dp of the multiplexer 200 are when j = 1, 2, 3, ... P (P = K1 + K2 + ... + KN), dj = ci, jj = 1, 2, ... K1 dj = c2, (j-K1) j = K1 + 1, K1 + 2,, K1 + K2 dj = c3, (j- (K1 + K2)) j = (K1 + K2) + 1, (K1 + K2) +2, ..., (K1 + K2) + K3 dj = cN (j- (K1 + K2 + ... + KN-1) j = (K1 + K2 + ... + KN -1) +1, (K1 + K2 + ... + KN-1) +2, ..., (K1 + K2 + + KN-1) + KN Next, the operation of the downlink multiplexer 200 will be described.

The bits described below are applied to the input of the multiplexer 200.

Rate matching # 1 output bits:

c1,1, c1,2,, c1, K1 Rate matching output bits # 2:

c2,1, c2,2,, c2, K2 Rate matching output bits # 3:

c3,1, c3,2,, c3, K3 Rate matching output bits #N:

cN, 1, cN, 2,, cN, KN

Output bits d1, d2, ..., dp of the multiplexer 200 are when j = 1, 2, 3, P (P = K1 + K2 + + KN), dj = ci, jj = 1, 2, K1 dj = c2 , (j - K1) j = K1 + 1, K1 + 2, ..., K1 + K2 dj = c3 (j - (K1 + K2)) j = (K1 + K2) +1, (K1 + K2) + 2,, (K1 + K2) + K3 dj = cN (j - (K1 + K2 + + KN-1)) j = (K1 + K2 + ... + KN-1) +1, (K1 + K2 + ... + KN-1) +2, ..., (K1 + K2 + ... + KN-1) + KN

The mux 200 is included in the transmitting device and its counterpart is a demultiplexer located in the receiving device. The demultiplexer performs the inverse operation of the mux 200, that is, it divides the input frame into N blocks and gives these N blocks to the corresponding circuits being the inverse of the radio frame matching circuits.

Fig. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a procedure for multiplexing radio frames in a multiplexer 200. Before proceeding to the description of the procedure shown in Fig. 7, the terms used below will be defined first.

N: total number of radio frame matching devices i: matching index (1, 2, ..., N), and

RFi: 10-millisecond radio frame in the i-th matching circuit.

The mux 200 sets the matching index i to an initial value of 1 in the step

711 and stores the radio frame received from the i-th match in the multiplexer buffer in step 713. In step 715, the mux 200 increases the matching index by 1. Then, in step 717, the multiplexer 200 checks if the incremented index is greater than the total number of N matching devices. If it is equal to or less than N, mux 200 returns to step 713. If it is greater than N, mux 200 terminates the multiplexing procedure. As described above, the mux 200 sequentially stores the radio frames received from the matching circuits

PL 198 409 B1 in the mux buffer and generates a multiplexed size P frame, which is a serial data frame.

The physical channel segmenter 300 operates in the same manner for the uplink and downlink.

Let the bits of the output frame with serial data from the mux be d₁, d₂, d_pand the number of physical channels is M. Then the physical channel segmenter output for physical channel # 1:

e1, j = dj j = 1, 2,., P / M Physical channel segmenter output for physical channel # 2:

e2, j = d (j + P / M) j = 1, 2,., P / M Output of the physical channel segmenter for the physical channel #M:

eM, j = d (j + (M-1) P / M) j = 1, 2, ..., P / M

The above physical channel segmentation method in a physical channel segmenter has the advantage of making the best use of the second interleaver operation. Therefore, the probability of bit errors after decoding at the receiver, caused by the error of the bursts on the fading channel, can be minimized. For a data rate of 1/3 for a general channel encoder, three symbols represent one information bit. Another method for physical channel segmentation with M = 3 and P = 30 may be considered as shown below:

Bits before physical channel segmentation:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ... 29

Bits after segmentation of physical channels

Physical channel # 1: 0 3 6 9 12 ... 27

Physical channel # 2: 1 4 7 10 13 ... 28

Physical channel # 3: 2 5 8 11 14 ... 29

Since the same second interleaver is used in this three-channel physical segmentation, the three input symbols always occur sequentially after the second interleaver. Accordingly, it is very likely that three consecutive symbols will experience fading errors at a particular point in time.

Meanwhile, a segment with consecutive bits of the same number is assigned to one physical channel according to this invention, and thus

Bits before physical channel segmentation:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ... 29

Bits after segmentation of physical channels:

Physical channel # 1: 0 1 2 3 ... 9

Physical channel # 2: 10 11 12 13 ... 29

Physical channel # 3: 20 21 22 23 ... 29

After the third interleaving, the three physical channels have different times on the same bit position, reducing the likelihood of simultaneous errors in the three symbols representing one information bit due to fading. Therefore, a receiver according to the invention may have a lower bit error rate (BER) than the above-described physical channel segmentation.

The physical channel segmenter is included in the transmitting device and its counterpart is the physical channel desegmentation device in the receiving device. The physical channel desegmentator performs the reverse of the physical channel segmenter, that is, sequentially assembles the M frames of the physical channels to form a single frame.

Fig. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a procedure for generating physical channel frames in a physical channel segmenter. First, the terms used below will be defined.

m: physical channel index (1, 2, ..., M);

M: total number of physical channels, and

P: index of the data block size in bits.

In the situation shown in Fig. 8, the physical channel segmenter 300 sets the physical channel index m to the start value 1 in step 811 and reads a data block of P / M from the input data of length P and stores it in the m-th physical channel buffer in the mth physical channel buffer in step 811. step 813. Next, the physical channel segmenter 300 increases physical channel index m 1 in step 815 and checks in step 817 if the increased physical channel index m is greater than the total number of

PL 198 409 B1

M physical channels. If m is equal to or less than M, then physical channel segmenter 300 returns to step 813. Otherwise, if m is greater than M, the physical channel segmenter terminates.

Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a channel receiver device having the counterparts of the radio frame segmenter, a multiplexer and the physical channel segmenter as described above.

In the diagram shown in FIG. 4, physical channel memory 411 stores reinterleaved symbols. The first address generator 412 generates a write address for all the M deinterleaved symbol bits at which the M bits will be stored in the physical channel memory 411. The second address generator 413 generates a read address for sequentially reading symbols from the physical channel memory 411 once the symbols have been fully stored in the physical channel memory 411. The demultiplexer 414 splits the symbols received from the physical channel memory 411 into N buffers 415 through 4N5. The buffers 415 through 4N5 provide the stored symbols to the respective desegmentation circuits 417 to 4N7 of the radio frames without performing the reverse operation of rate matching if the symbols are intended for downlink, and to the circuits 416 through 4N6 performing the reverse operation of rate matching if the symbols are are intended for uplink. The rate matting inverse 416 to 4N6 performs null symbol insertion and symbol combination in the reverse order of the rate matching operation. The radio frame desegmenters 417 to 4N7 assemble the symbols received from the rate mating reciprocals 416 to 4N6 into data with the corresponding transport channel TTI and forwards the desegmentated data to a channel decoder for channel decoding.

During a write operation, the first address generator 412 stores all M bits in a memory 411 of the physical channel, i.e., a buffer memory for storing symbols received after the second interleaving. Therefore, physical channel memory 411 receives a total of P symbols from the second interleaver, performing P / M times. When there is no data on each coding and multiplexing channel, the total number of symbols received is less than P. Hence the maximum buffer size is P. Upon completion of the write operation, the second address generator 413 generates read addresses and the symbols are read from the physical channel memory 411 in the order of address generation. The read operation is performed in (Li + ri / Ti (= Ri) units. By reading N frames of size Ri, a total of P symbols are sent to the N buffers 415 to 4N5 by the demultiplexer 414. Each buffer is of the size Ti x Ri (i = 1). , 2, 3, ..., N). In this operation, the demultiplexer 414 is used to distinguish between N symbols. The classified symbols are sent directly to the radio frame desegmenters 417 to 4N7 without performing the inverse of rate matching if they are for downlink, while the symbols are inverted for rate matching if they are for uplink. That is, the circuits 416 to 4N6 performing the reverse of rate matching implement zero symbol insertion and symbol concatenation, which is the inverse of rate matching. Then, the radio frame desegmentators 417 to 4N7 transmit the desegmentated symbols to the respective channel decoders for channel decoding. As can be seen from the above description, the operation of the receiving device is essentially the opposite of that of the transmitting device.

According to the above-described invention, radio frame segmentation, multiplexing and physical channel segmentation for multiplexing and channel coding are defined in detail. Frames of various types generated by channel coders are converted into radio frames, multiplexed, and converted into physical frames. The physical frames are then allocated to physical channels. Therefore, the transmitting devices for the uplink and downlink in a CDMA communication system may implement various communication services such as voice, data, and image transmission.

While the invention has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made to the form and details of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. .