Patency restoring extendible tubing

The subject of the invention is an unblocking tube. In particular, the subject of the invention is an extensible light-clearing tube for implantation into the body and particularly suitable for implanting into holes of different light dimensions, and thus a cleavage tube with variable features such as variable curvature, side branching, variable diameter, variable wall compliance or "end effects" or lumen of the duct, such as in the mouth, for example, or when parameters can change at its ends.

It is known to use a tube to stretch and support various body ducts, such as blood vessels, by stretching the tubular structure inside the vessel requiring support against collapse or closing. U.S. Patent No. 5,449,373 discloses a udjαzai tube preferably used for vascular implants as part of balloon angioplasty.

The impact tube according to this solution comprises at least two substantially rigid segments and a flexible connector connecting adjacent segments to each other .

The unblocking tube according to US Patent No. 5,449,373 may be inserted or implanted in a curved vessel.

From the Polish patent specification PL 180 527 there is known an openwork tube with segments located along peripheral lines connected by flexible connecting devices located along longitudinal lines, in which the odd segments and even segments containing repeating two types of segmental elements alternately located along the perimeter line and connected with each other two types of flexible connectors arranged alternately along a longitudinal line. The disadvantage of regular tubes is that they may have defects due to "end effects" when the ends of the tubes tend to "tilt" when inserted or after stretching, or when they have a reduced radial force at the end. Still another disadvantage of ordinary udder tubes is that they do not have different properties (e.g., flexibility and stiffness) to adapt to the variable light cross-sectional properties of the duct requiring different properties of the unblocking tube.

The extensible tube, exerting a heterogeneous radial force comprising a plurality of connected flexible cells constituting the visualization tube having a proximal end and a distal end and a longitudinal axis, the cells being spaced in a plurality of interconnected flexible rows arranged along the longitudinal axis of the striking tube with which the distant row is located at the distal end of the tube, and the nearer row is located at the proximal end of the unblocking egg, each of the flexible cells being formed of the first element, the second element, the third element and the fourth element, the first C-shaped half-wave positioned between the first element and the third element, the second a C-shaped half wave sandwiched between the second and fourth elements, of the first flexible connector arranged between the first element and the third element and the second flexible connector arranged between the third element and the fourth element, according to the invention, in that the cells in at least one of the rows are provided with first elements and third elements that are shorter than the second elements and fourth elements.

Preferably, the row of flexible cells at the distal end of the udjαzaiαjajoj tube is provided with first elements and third elements that are shorter than the second and fourth elements.

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Preferably, the first elements and third elements in the distant row are about 15% shorter than the second elements and fourth elements in the distant row.

Preferably, the row of flexible cells at the proximal end of the unblocking tube is provided with first elements and third elements that are shorter than the second and fourth elements.

Preferably, both the row of cells at the proximal end of the unblocking tube and the row of cells at the distal end of the unblocking tube are provided with first elements and third elements that are shorter than the second elements and fourth elements.

Preferably, the first and second flexible connectors in the distant row have smaller cross-sections than the first and second flexible connectors in cells in rows other than the distant row of the unblocking tube.

Preferably, the first and second flexible fasteners in the distant row are about 40% narrower than the first and second flexible fasteners in cells in rows other than the distant row of unblocking tube.

Preferably, the first flexible connector and the second flexible connector in the distant row are of annealed material and have a hardness that is different from the hardness of the first and second flexible connectors in rows other than the distant row of unblocked tubing.

Preferably the tube is of NiTi having an austenitic phase and a martensitic phase and the first flexible connector and the second flexible connector in the remote row of the unblocking tube are in the martensitic phase and the portions of the unblocking tube other than the first flexible connector and the second flexible connector in the remote row are in the austenitic phase.

Preferably, the cells in the distant row have a smaller material thickness than the thickness of the material in the cells not located in the distant row of the unblocking tube.

Preferably, the cells in the distant row have smaller cross-sections than the cells not located in the distant row of the unblocking tube.

Preferably, the first flexible connector and the second flexible connector are U-shaped.

Preferably the first flexible connector and the second flexible connector are S-shaped.

Preferably the first flexible connector and the second flexible connector are Z-shaped.

Preferably, the distant row and row adjacent to the distant row are provided with first flexible connectors and second flexible connectors that have smaller cross-sections than the flexible connectors in rows other than the remote row and the row adjacent to the distant row of clearing tube.

Preferably, the first flexible connector and the second flexible connector in the distant row and in the row adjacent to the distant row are about 40% narrower than the flexible connectors in cells in rows other than the distant row and row adjacent to the distant row of clearing tube.

Preferably, the first flexible connector and the second flexible connector in the distant row and in the row adjacent to the distant row are of annealed material and have a hardness that is different from the hardness of the flexible connectors in rows other than the distant row and the row adjacent to the distant row of unblocking tube.

Preferably the tube is of NiTi having an austenitic phase and a martensitic phase and the first flexible connector and the second flexible connector in the distant row of the unblocking tube and the row adjacent to the distant row are in the martensitic phase and the portions of the unblocking tube other than the first flexible connector and the second flexible connector in the remote row and the row adjacent to the distant row are in the austenitic phase.

Preferably, the cells in the distant row and row adjacent to the distant row have a smaller material thickness than the thickness of the material of the cells located in rows of cleansing tube other than the distant row, row adjacent to the distant row.

Preferably, the cells in the distant row and the row adjacent to the distant row have smaller cross-sections than the cells located in rows of cleansing tube other than the distant row and row adjacent to the distant row.

Preferably, the cells of the distant row are provided with the first element and the third element, which are shorter than the second element and the fourth element in the distant row, and the cells closer to the center of the row are provided with the second element and the fourth element, which are

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Ί shorter than the first element and the third element in the row closer to the center, the distant row, the row adjacent to the distant row, and the row closer to the center and the row adjacent to the row closer to the center are provided with a first flexible connector and a second flexible connector, which have smaller cross-sections than flexible fittings in rows of unblocking tube other than the distant row, the row adjacent to the distant row, and a row closer to the center and a row adjacent to the row closer to the center.

Preferably, the first flexible connector and the second flexible connector are U-shaped.

Preferably the first flexible connector and the second flexible connector are S-shaped.

Preferably the first flexible connector and the second flexible connector are Z-shaped.

Preferably, the first connector and the second connector in the distant row, the row adjacent to the distant row, the row closer to the center, and the row adjacent to the row closer to the center are about 40% narrower than the first and second flexible connectors in cells located in rows of unblocked tubing row, row adjacent to the distant row, row closer to the center, and row adjacent to the row closer to the center.

Preferably, the first and second flexible connectors in the distant row, the row adjacent to the distant row, the row closer to the center, and the row adjacent to the row closer to the center are of annealed material and have a hardness that is different from the hardness of the first and second flexible connectors in cells placed in rows of unblocking tube other than the distant row, row adjacent to the distant row, the row closer to the center and the row adjacent to the row closer to the center.

Preferably NiTi having an austenitic phase and a martensitic phase and the first flexible connector and the second flexible connector in the distant row, row adjacent to the distant row, row closer to the center and row adjacent to the row closer to the center are in the martensitic phase and parts of the unblocking tube the first flexible connector and the second flexible connector in the distant row, the row adjacent to the distant row, the row closer to the center and the row adjacent to the row closer to the center are in the austenitic phase.

Preferably, the cells in the distant row, the row adjacent to the distant row, the row closer to the center and the row adjacent to the row closer to the center have a smaller material thickness than the thickness of the material of the cells placed in rows of the clearing tube other than the distant row, row adjacent to the distant row, row located closer to the center, a row adjacent to the row closer to the center.

Preferably, the cells in the distant row, the row adjacent to the distant row, the row closer to the center and the row adjacent to the row closer to the center have smaller cross-sections than the cells located in rows of unblocking tube other than the distant row, row adjacent to the distant row, row closer to the center , row adjacent to the row closer to the center.

A cylindrical unblocking tube, having a longitudinal axis, containing many sets of strut elements in which the strut elements are connected by means of half-waves and adjacent sets of strut elements are connected to each other by means of connectors extending generally in the longitudinal direction and forming rows of cells extending peripherally, wherein the unblocking tube has a proximal end and a distal end and a central section, according to the invention characterized by that it comprises two types of strut sets, first strut elements of the first type, and strut elements of the second type, wherein the strut elements of the first type are less than the length of the strut elements of the second type.

Preferably, at least some of the strut members of the first type are connected to adjacent strut members by means of connectors generally extending in the longitudinal direction, which have smaller cross-sections than the connectors connecting the strut elements of the second type.

Preferably, the strut members of the first type set have a length in the longitudinal direction of the unblocking tube less than the length in the longitudinal direction of the strut members of the second type set.

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Preferably it is a radially expandable stent.

The present invention relates to an obliteration tube within the lumen of a conduit, in various embodiments including varying or different mechanical properties along the axis of the obliteration tube to improve the final effects of the obliteration tube or to adapt to the changing characteristics of the vessel. Thus, various embodiments of the present invention allow for variable properties such as flexibility or radial support of various axial areas of the unblocking tube. These variable properties can be obtained in a variety of ways, including reducing or increasing the thickness or width of elements of one or more sections compared to other sections, and / or including increasing or reducing the axial length of one or more sections, and / or including changing the shape and dimensions of the cell and / or with changing material properties (e.g., strength, flexibility, etc.) in one section compared to other sections.

The unblocking tube of the present invention in various embodiments is adapted to exhibit greater flexibility at the ends so that the unblocking tube can adapt to the curvature of the vessel in which it is implanted. The degree of flexibility and the distance from the end of the unblocking tube to which additional flexibility is given can be varied according to specific application requirements. This flexibility at the ends reduces the possibility of a possible injury site in the vessel due to the pressure of the tip of the RdraCrasing tube against the wall outside the curvature when the unblocking tube is not sufficiently flexible along its longitudinal axis. In one embodiment of the present invention, the flexibility of the ends of the unblocking tube is increased by reducing the thickness of the material used over the section or sections at the ends of the unblocking tube. In another embodiment, the flexibility of the ends of the unblocking tube is increased by changing the dimensions of the section or sections at the ends of the unblocking tube. In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the flexibility of the ends of the unblocking tube is increased by changing both the dimensions and the thickness of the material used over the section or sections at the ends of the unblocking tube.

Various embodiments of the clearing tube according to the present invention also provide increased radial strength at the ends. Radial strength is the resistance of the stool tube section in the stretched state relative to axial contraction. Increasing the strength of the radial unblocking tube at the ends is particularly beneficial for unblocking tubes supporting the outlets. Since the pathologically altered parts of the vessels at the mouth are more calcified and hardened and therefore require more support, the section of the unblocking tube supporting the mouth must be strong. There is also a case where the unclogging tube with uniform properties has a reduced radial force at the end as a result of the "end effect" and because of this the last row is not supported on one side. In one embodiment of the unblocking tube according to the present invention, the strength of the unblocking tube at the support end, e.g. outlet, is increased by reducing the length of some sections at the end of the unblocking tube.

Various embodiments of the unblocking tube according to the present invention also have a reduced ability to "stretch" at the end of the unblocking tube when inserted into the vessel. When the catheter delivery system is inserted into the curved vessel, the delivery system, including the unblocking tube clamped therein, bends along the vessel's curvature. This bending of the unblocking tube may cause the front edge of the unblocking tube to diverge. This divergence could cause the unblocking tube to attach to the vessel surface and injure the vessel, prevent further insertion and proper placement in the target area, and could break the plate, which could cause blockage and clogging of the vessel. In one embodiment of the present invention, the spreading is reduced by making a more durable section at the end of the unblocking tube by shortening it and by making the sections adjacent to the end of the unblocking tube more flexible by reducing their width and thereby reducing the bending force of these sections. Bending strength186 758 is not an axial bend resistance of the unblocking tube section. As a result, the end of the unblocking tube remains tightly clamped on the balloon and the bending moment is absorbed by deforming the more flexible sections. After stretching, the reduced flexural strength allows the end of the unblocking tube to curve and better matches the curvature of the vessel, thereby reducing the pressure on the inside wall of the vessel to be treated.

The unblocking tube according to the invention has no sharp points or protruding elements at its end and concentrates the pressure on the vessel wall after it has been stretched in the curved part of the vessel.

A stretchable unblocking tube with a one-piece structure supports the lumen of the opening or vessel along its entire length and its parts are adapted or modified to have properties, e.g., flexural strength or radial force, that are different from the properties or characteristics of the remaining portion of the unblocking tube along its longitudinal axis or around its perimeter. This change in the characteristics of the unblocking tube consists either of adapting to the unevenness of the duct's lumen or may create different ambient conditions in different areas of the duct's lumen. The light unevenness of the wire can be of different types, such as outlet, change in diameter, change in curvature, discontinuous cross-section, such as triangular or square cross-section, or unevenness of the surface nature, etc. To accommodate this unevenness, portions of the unblocking tube may have varying dimensions, flexibility, cell size, cell shape, and pressure response due to specific applications. Specific applications may, for example, impose the desired greater radial force at one end, while other portions of the unblocking tube are essentially continuous support of the vessel wall and with gaps in the unblocking tube small enough to reduce the possibility of tissue falling out. Other applications may impose the desired degree of stiffness inside to reduce the possibility of tearing off or give the desired softness at the end to allow a better fit to the anatomy of the target area. Other applications may impose that one or several rows have cells larger than the cells in the other rows of the unblocking tube to provide access to the lateral branching of the lumen of the opening, for example to insert a second unblocking tube through one of the larger sized cells and thus allow building a split unblocking tube in the lumen of the duct. Still another application may impose that one or more rows have cells adapted or modified so that, after stretching the unblocking tube, the portion of the tube defined by the adapted or modified row or rows has a diameter or larger or smaller than the other parts of the unblocking tube to adapt for cable lights with uneven diameters. One row or several rows of cells can also be adapted or modified to have varying radial force or variable longitudinal flexibility, or to correct for a change in properties at the end of the unblocking tube. ...

The subject of the invention is shown in the embodiment of the drawing, in which Fig. 1 shows the basic pattern of the stenting tube according to the invention in an unstretched form, Fig. 2 - the pattern of the staining tube of Fig. 1 in partially stretched form, Fig. 3 - an ordinary staining tube and the unblocking tube of the present invention, in side view, FIG. 4 - the unblocking tubes of FIG. 3 crimped on a balloon catheter and bent prior to stretching, FIG. 5 - the unblocking tubes of FIG. 4 after extending into a curve, Fig. 6 - the tract tubes of Fig. 3 partially stretched over a substantially rectangular balloon catheter, Fig. 7 - the tract tubes according to the invention in an alternative embodiment with a shortened C-shaped half-wave in which two rows of cells have a thinner U-shaped half-wave, Fig. 8 - the traction tube of Fig. 7 partially stretched over a substantially rectilinear balloon catheter, Fig. 9 - the unblocking tube of Fig. 7 after it has been stretched over a curved catheter to be inserted around the bend in the vessel, Fig. 10 the clearing tube according to the invention in an alternative embodiment and Fig. 11 - S or Z-shaped half-waves.

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Figure 1 illustrates the general configuration of the delivery tube 1 according to the present invention. The unblocking tube 1 may be made of biocompatible materials such as 316L stainless steel, gold, tantalum, nitinol or other materials known to those skilled in the art as suitable for this purpose. The dimensions and thickness of the material used can be changed depending on the particular application. Stuffing tubes according to the present invention can generally be constructed in a manner such as for the unblocking tube described in US Patent Application No. 08/457 354, made on June 1, 1995.

Figure 1 is a side view of the distal end 2 of the staining tube 1 according to the present invention, showing the general pattern of the staining tube. As can be seen from Figs. 1 and 2, this pattern can be described as a plurality of 3 and 3 'cells. Each cell 3 has a first element 4, a second element 5, a third element 6 and a fourth element 7. The first C-shaped half-wave 10 is placed between the first element 4 and the third element 6, and the second half-wave 11 is placed between the second element 5 and the fourth element 7. In each of the cells 3, first element 4, second element 5, third element 6 and the fourth element 7 are substantially the same. Thus, the first C-shaped half-wave 10 is shifted D1 and the second C-shaped half-wave 11 is shifted D2 from the center of cell 3. In a preferred embodiment, D1 is substantially equal to D2. The first flexible connector 8 is positioned between the first element 4 and the second element 5, and the second element 5 and the second flexible connector 9 are positioned between the third element 6 and the fourth element 7. The flexible connectors 8 and 9 can be made in various shapes, e.g. S-shaped or Z-shaped, as shown in FIG. 11. In a preferred embodiment, the U-shaped as shown in FIG. 1 up to 10.

Figure 1 shows the pattern of the unblocking tube in the unstretched state, i.e. in the state in which the unblocking tube 1 is first inserted into the specific vessel in which the balloon plastic vessel is to be made, but before the balloon is inflated. Figure 2 shows the pattern of the unblocking tube of Fig. 1 in a partially stretched form, i.e. after being stretched, for example with a balloon, and in a state in which the unblocking tube 1 remains in the vessel it supports. The plurality of interconnected cells 3 and 3 'form a plurality of interconnected rows 25, 26, 27 and 28 cells spaced along the longitudinal axis of the unblocking tube 1. Figures 1 and 2 show the distant row 25 located at the distant end 2, the row 26 adjacent and located closer to the distant row 25, row 28 closer to the center and row 27 adjacent and closer to row 28. It should be noted that the number of rows, the number of cells in a row, and the shape of each cell can be changed depending on the requirements of specific applications.

As can be seen in Figures 1 and 2, cells 3 'in distant row 25 differ from cells 3 in rows 26, 27 and 28. The first element 4' and the third element 6 'cells 3' in distant row 25 are shorter than the first element 4 and third element 6 cells 3 in rows 26, 27 and 28. In cell 3 ', the first element 4' is substantially equal to the third element 6 ', however the first element 4' and the third element 6 'are shorter than the second element 5' and fourth element 7 '. The short elements 4 'and 6' give the first 10 'C-shaped half wave, which is not placed as far from the center of the 3' cell as the second 11 'C-shaped half wave. Thus, the first 10' C-shaped half wave can be considered to be "shorter" than the second C-shaped half-wave 11 '. As can be seen in fig. 2, the first C-shaped half-wave 10 'is positioned at a distance D1' that is smaller than the distance D2 'and the second C-shaped half-wave 11' is offset from the center of the 3 'cell. In a particularly preferred embodiment, Dl 'is about 15% smaller than D2'.

Figures 1 and 2 also show that the distant row 25 of the unblocking tube 1 has a first U-shaped connector 8 'and a second U-shaped connector 9', which are more flexible than the first U-shaped connector 8 and the second connector 9 in U-shaped cells 3 in rows 26, 27 and 28 of the unblocking tube 1. This greater flexibility of the U-shaped fittings 8 'and 9' can be obtained in various ways, for example using a different material, by machining the material, for example by annealing stainless steel to impart specific degrees of hardness to the various parts of the unblocking tube. Alternatively, if, for example, NiTi (Nitinol) is used, selected parts of the unblocking tube can be subjected to thermo-mechanical selective treatment, so that parts of the unblocking tube, e.g. U-shaped elements remain in the martensitic phase, while other parts of the unblocking tube go into this part into an austenitic phase, which gives it different properties. Greater flexibility can also be achieved by changing the shape of the letter U, for example, the letter Z or S (as shown in Figure 11), or by reducing the amount of material used to make the 8 'and 9' U-shaped connectors. In the embodiment shown on FIG. 1 and 2, U-shaped connectors 8 'and 9' in row 25 have the same material thickness as U-shaped connectors 8 and 9 of cells 3 in rows 26, 27 and 28, however, 8 'and 9' connectors the letters U are not so wide. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, U-shaped connectors 8 'and 9' have a width Wi less than the width W2 of U-shaped connectors 8 and 9 in cells of 3 rows 26, 27 and 28. In a particularly preferred embodiment, W1 is about 40% narrower than W2.

Figure 3 shows side by side two sections of the cleansing tube and shows the usual clearing tube 12 compared to the clearing tube 1 according to the invention shown in Figures 1 and 2. Figure 4 shows the cleansing tubes 1 and 12 shown in Figure 3 after being pressed on the balloon and bending when sliding around the curve in the vessel. As shown in fig. 4, the usual unblocking tube 12 opens at its front edge 13 as opposed to the unblocking tube 1 which does not diverge. Figure 5 shows the clearing tubing of Figure 4 after stretching in the form of a curve. The tip of the usual unblocking tube 12 forms a projection or sharp point 13 that can cause local pressure and possible damage to the vessel wall. In contrast, the unblocking tube 1 according to the invention bends gently at its end 2 without forming a protrusion or sharp point, because the deformation of the U-shaped connectors 8 'and 9' in the distant row 25 makes the end 2 softer.

Figure 6 shows the unblocking tubes 1 and 12 of Figure 3 after partial extension (before reaching the greatest pressure), placed on a substantially rectilinear catheter. As shown, although both the unblocking tubes 1 and 12 are subjected to the same external force, the end 2 of the unblocking tube 1 is less stretched than the end 13 of the usual unblocking tube 12, indicating the greater radial force of the end 2 of the blister tube 1 constructed according to the present invention . Under full pressure, the radii of the unblocking tubes 1 and 12 will be equal, however, the end 2 of the unblocking tube 1 will have greater radial collapse resistance than the end 13 of the unblocking tube 12.

Figure 7 shows an alternative embodiment of the tube according to the invention. As shown in Figure 7, cells 3 'in a row in distant 25 have a first element 4' and a third element 6 ', which are shorter than the second element 5' and the fourth element 7 '. Cells 3 'in row 25 have a first U-shaped connector 8' and a second U-shaped connector 9 'which are thinner than U-shaped connectors 8 and 9 in cells 3 in rows 27 and 28. Cells 3 in row 26 adjacent to row 25 have first U-shaped connectors 8 and second U-shaped connectors 9 that are narrower than U-shaped connectors 8 and 9 in cells 3 in rows 27 and 28.

Figure 8 shows the unblocking tube 20 of Fig. 7 in a partially stretched state and represents the reduced extension of the distant row 25 with partial extension of the tube due to the greater radial force of the end of the unblocking tube 2, which force results from the structure with shorter 10 'C-shaped half-waves in distant row 25, and the structures with narrower, that is, with the more flexible U-shaped connectors 8 'and 9' in the distant row 25, and 8 and 9 in the row 26, adjacent to row 25.

Figure 9 shows the unblocking tube 20 of Figures 7 and 8 after being stretched in a curved vessel and shows the bends of the U-shaped connectors 8 'and 9' in the distant row 25 and the connectors 8 'and 9 in the adjacent row 26, which allows easier fitting of the end portion 2 of the unblocking tube 20 to the curvature of the vessel with the formation of smooth ends without sharp spots and projections towards the vessel wall.

According to the specified requirements, changes can be made only on one side or on both sides of the unblocking tube. In addition, various embodiments can be combined

186 758 of the invention, such as thinner U-shaped connectors, longer U-shaped connectors, or other shaped connectors, for example, Z or S-shaped connectors can be used.

An example of how this can be achieved is shown in Figure 10. Figure 10 shows how the unblocking tube of Figure 7 can be modified if better flexibility is desired. As fig. 10, the distant row 25 and the nearest row 29 of the unblocking tube 30 have first and second U-shaped connectors that are more flexible than U-shaped connectors in other rows of the unblocking tube located between the distant row 25 and the nearest row 29. In the embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 10, distant row 25 has shortened elements 4 'and 6' and more flexible U-shaped connectors 8 'and 9' as discussed previously, and the nearest row 29 has shortened second element 5 and fourth element 7 and more flexible connectors 8 'and 9' U-shaped. This arrangement provides greater radial strength and greater flexibility for both ends of the unblocking tube.

If even greater flexibility is desired at the ends of the unblocking tube, the unblocking tube of Figure 10 can be modified by replacing U-shaped fittings in rows 26 and 28 with more flexible fittings. Thus, the distant row, the row adjacent to the distant row, the row closer to the center and the row adjacent to the row closer to the center have U-shaped connectors that are more flexible than the U-shaped half-loops in the other rows of the stool.

In the present invention, a number of changes to various properties may be made to the other preferred embodiments discussed above to achieve other heterogeneous features, including, but not limited to, cell size, cell shape, radiation opacity, and more.

The changes mentioned in the description are given only as an example of the application of the general concept that forms the basis of the present invention, namely that unblocking tubes with variable mechanical properties in individual sections along the unblocking tube can improve undesirable effects at particular points, such as the ends of the unblocking tube and provide better adjustment to the vessel with properties changing along its axis.

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FIG. 3

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FIG. 4

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<img file="PL186758B1_D0003.tif" />

FIG. 5

<img file="PL186758B1_D0004.tif" />

FIG. 6

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<img file="PL186758B1_D0005.tif" />

FIG. 7

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<img file="PL186758B1_D0006.tif" />

FIG. 8

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FIG. 9

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<img file="PL186758B1_D0008.tif" />

FIG. 10

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FIG. 11

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<img file="PL186758B1_D0011.tif" />

27

FIG. 2

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