1-alkoxy 1h-imidazo ring systems and methods
Abstract
Imidazo-containing compounds (e.g., imidazonaphthyridines, imidazopyridines, imidazoquinolines, and imidazote-trahydroquinolines) with an alkoxy substituent at the 1-position, pharmaceutical compositions containing the compounds and methods of use of these compounds as immunomodulators, for inducing cytokine biosynthesis in animals and in the treatment of diseases including viral and neoplastic diseases are disclosed.

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13 claims: 5 independent, 8 dependent
- 1PATENT DISCLAIMERS ZASTRZEŻENIA PATENTOWE 1. Compound of the following formula II:1. Związek o następującym wzorze II: Π gdzie: Π where: Ri is selected from the group consisting of: Ri jest wybierane z grupy składającej się z: -R4, -R4, -x-r5, -xr5, -X-N(R«)-Y-R4, -XN (R «) - Y-R4, -X-C(R7)-N(R9)-R4, -XC (R7) -N (R9) -R4, -X-OC (R7) -N (Rand) -R4, -XS (O) 2-N (R6) -R4, and -XO-Ra;-X-OC(R7)-N(Ri)-R4, -X-S(O)2-N(R6)-R4, oraz -X-O-Ra;R2 is selected from the group consisting of: R2 jest wybierane z grupy składającej się z: - hydrogen, - wodór, - alkil, - alkyl, - alkenyl, - alkenyl, -aryl, -aryl, - heteroaryl, - heteroaryl, - heterocyclyl, - heterocyklil, - alkil-Z-alkilenyl, - alkyl-Z-alkenyl, - aryl-Z-alkenyl, - aryl-Z-alkilenyl, - alkenyl-Z-alkenyl, and - alkenyl-Z-alkilenyl, oraz - 114alkil lub alkenyl podstawione przez jeden lub więcej podstawniki wybierane z grupy składającej się z: - 114alkyl or alkenyl substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of: hydroksy, halogen, hydroxy, halogen, -NOU) * -NOU)* -C (r7) -N (R6)2, -C(R7)-N(R6)2, -StOh-N ^ h, -StOh-N^h, -N (R6) -C (R7) -C1-10 alkyl -N(R6)-C(R7)-C|.io alkil -NiR11-SCOh-CMo alkyl -NiR^j-SCOh-CMo alkil -C (O) -C].l0 alkyl -C(O)-C].l0 alkil -C (O) -O-Ci.] Alkyl -C(0)-0-Ci.]o alkil -n3, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, -C (O) - aryl -C (O) - heteroaryl -NfR ^ j-CfR ') - aryl -n3, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyklil, -C(O)- aryl -C(O)- heteroaryl -NfR^j-CfR?)-aryl -N (Ri) -S (O)7-;aryl -N(Ri)-S(O)7-;aryl -0-C (R7) -C1-10 alkyl -0-C(R7)-C|.io alkil -O-C(R7)-aryl -OC (r7) -aryl -0-C (R7) -N (Re) -C 1-10 alkyl, and -0-C(R7)-N(Re)-Ci.io alkil, oraz -O-C(R7)-N(R6)-aryl -OC (r7) -N (R6) -aryl Ra oraz RB jest niezależnie wybierane z grupy składającej się z: wodór, halogen, alkil, alkenyl, alkoksy, alkilotio, oraz Rand and R.B is independently selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, and -N(R12)2;-NO. 12)2;lub kiedy RA i Rb tworzą razem skondensowane pierścienie benzenowe lub pierścienie pirydynowe, które są niepodstawione lub podstawione przez jedną lub or when R.AND and Rb together form fused benzene rings or pyridine rings that are unsubstituted or substituted with one or more - 115 more R groups, or substituted with one R group3 or substituted with one R group3 and one R group, or substituted with one R group3 and two R groups;- 115 więcej grup R, lub podstawione przez jedną grupę R3 lub podstawione przez jedną grupę R3 i jedną grupę R, lub podstawione przez jedną grupę R3 i dwie grupy R;lub kiedy RA oraz RB tworzą razem skondensowany pierścień cykloheksenowy lub tetrahydropirydynowy, który jest niepodstawiony lub podstawiony przez jedną lub więcej grupę R;or when R.AND and R.B together they form a fused cyclohexene or tetrahydropyridine ring which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more R's;R is selected from the group consisting of: R jest wybierane z grupy składającej się z: halogen, hydroksy, alkil, alkenyl, haloalkil, alkoksy, alkilotio, oraz halogen, hydroxy, alkyl, alkenyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, and N (R12) 2 N(R12)2 R3 is selected from the group consisting of: R3 jest wybierane z grupy składającej się z: -Z'-R4', -Z'-R4', -Z'-X'-R4 ', -Z'-X’-R4', -Ζ'-Χ'-Υ'-Κ /, and -Ζ'-Χ'-Υ'-Κ/, oraz -Ζ'-Χ'-Κ ^;-Ζ'-Χ'-Κ^;R4 is selected from the group: hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkylenyl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkyleneyl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclyl groups may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl , haloalkoxy, halogen, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, cyano, carboxy, formyl, aryl, aryloxy, arylalkoxy, heteroaryl, heteroaryloxy, heteroarylalkoxy, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkylenyl, amino, alkylamino, (arylalkylenyl) amino, dialkylamino, and in the case of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and heterocyclyl, oxo, provided that when R4 is substituted with an alkyl group and the substituent contains a heteroatom that binds directly to the alkyl group then the alkyl group contains at least two carbon atoms between the substituent and the oxygen atom to which the Ri group is attached. R4 jest wybierane z grupy: wodór, alkil, alkenyl, alkinyl, aryl, aryloalkilenyl, heteroaryl oraz heterocyklil, gdzie alkil, alkenyl, alkinyl, aryl, aryloalkilenyl, heteroaryl oraz heterocyklil mogą być niepodstawione lub podstawione przez jeden lub więcej podstawniki niezależnie wybierane z grupy zawierającej alkil, alkoksy, haloalkil, haloalkoksy, halogen, nitro, hydroksy, merkapto, cyjano, karboksy, formyl, aryl, aryloksy, aryloalkoksy, heteroaryl, heteroaryloksy, heteroaryloalkoksy, heterocyklil, heterocykliloalkilenyl, amino, alkiloamino, (aryloalkilenylo)amino, dialkiloamino a w przypadku alkilu, alkenylu, alkinylu i heterocyklilu, okso, pod warunkiem że kiedy R4 jest podstawiane grupą alkilową oraz podstawnik zawiera heteroatom, który wiąże się bezpośrednio z grupą alkilową wówczas grupa alkilowa zawiera przynajmniej dwa atomy węgla pomiędzy podstawnikiem i atomem tlenu, do którego przyłączona jest grupa Ri. Rs is selected from the group consisting of: Rs jest wybierane z grupy składającej się z: k- (CH2)8^ —NANC (R7) \ / C f x 2b , and k-(CH2)8^ —N A N C(R7) \ / C f x 2b , oraz -N-S(O)a -NS (O)and - 116X is C2-2oalkylene - 116X to C2-2oalkilen X "is C 1-2 alkylene X” to Ci-2oalkilen Y is selected from the group consisting of -C (R?), -C (R7) -0-, -S (O) 2-, -S (O)2-N (R6) -, and -C (R7) -N (R9)-;Y jest wybierany z grupy składającej się z -C(R?), -C(R7)-0-, -S(O)2-, -S(O)2-N(R6)-, oraz -C(R7)-N(R9)-;Z is selected from the group consisting of -0-, and -S (0) o-2-;Z jest wybierane z grupy składającej się z -0-, oraz -S(0)o-2-;A is selected from the group consisting of -CH (R & apos;) -, -0-, -N (RS.) -, -N (Y-Ri) - and A jest wybierane z grupy składającej się z -CH(R«)-, -0-, -N(RS)-, -N(Y-Ri)- oraz -N (XN (Ri) -Y-R4) -;-N(X-N(Ri)-Y-R4)-;a and b are independently integers from 1 to 4, provided that kiedv A is 6), -ΝΓΪ |at^ -N (XN (R.6) -l · -R4) - then a and b independently integers from 2 to 4;a oraz b niezależnie są liczbami całkowitymi od 1 do 4, pod warunkiem, że kiedv A to 6) ,-ΝΓΪ|u^ -N(X-N(R.6)-l· -R4)- wówczas a i b niezależnie liczbami całkowitymi od 2 do 4;R4'is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkylenyl, aryloxyalkylenyl, alkylaryllenyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkylenyl, heteroaryloxyalkylenyl, alkylheteroaryllenyl and heterocyclyl, where alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkylenylenyl, heteroarylalkenylenyl, arylalkyrylenylenyl, arylalkenylenyl alkylheteroaryllenyl and heterocyclyl groups may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halogen, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, cyano, aryl, aryloxy, arylalkyleneoxy, heteroaryl, heteroaryloxy, heteroarylalkylenoxy, heterocyclyl, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, (dialkylenamino, in the case of) alkylene alkylenamino , alkynyl and heterocyclyl, oxo;R4’ jest wybierane z grupy składającej się z: wodór, alkil, alkenyl, alkinyl, aryl, aryloalkilenyl, aryloksyalkilenyl, alkiloarylenyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryloalkilenyl, heteroaryloksyalkilenyl, alkiloheteroarylenyl oraz heterocyklil, gdzie alkil, alkenyl, alkinyl, aryl, aryloalkilenyl, aryloksyalkilenyl, alkiloarylenyl, heteroaryl, heteroaryloalkilenyl, heteroaryloksyalkilenyl, alkiloheteroarylenyl oraz grupy heterocyklilowe mogą być niepodstawione lub podstawione przez jeden lub więcej podstawnik niezależnie wybierany z grupy składającej się z: alkil, alkoksy, hydroksyalkil, haloalkil, haloalkoksy, halogen, nitro, hydroksy, merkapto, cyjano, aryl, aryloksy, arylalkilenoksy, heteroaryl, heteroaryloksy, heteroaryloalkilenoksy, heterocyklil, amino, alkiloamino, dialkiloamino, (dialkiloamino)alkilenoksy oraz w przypadku alkilu, alkenylu, alkinylu oraz heterocyklilu, okso;Rs' is selected from the group consisting of: Rs’ jest wybierane z grupy składającej się z: X 'is selected from the group consisting of: alkylene, alkenylene, alkynylene, arylene, heteroarylene, and heterocyclylene, wherein the alkylene, alkenylene, and alkynylene may be optionally interrupted or terminated with an arylene, heteroarylene, or heterocyclylene, and optionally interrupted with one or more groups -0 -;X’ jest wybierane z grupy składającej się z: alkilen, alkenylen, alkinylen, arylen, heteroarylen oraz heterocyklilen, gdzie alkilen, alkenylen oraz alkinylen mogą być opcjonalnie przerwane lub zakończone przez arylen, heteroarylen lub heterocyklilen oraz opcjonalnie przerwane przez jedną lub więcej grup -0-;Y 'is selected from the group consisting of Y’ jest wybierane z grupy składającej się - 117 -5 (0) 02-, -5 (Ο) 2-Ν (Κπ) -, -C (R7) -, -C (R,) - O-, -OC (R7) -, -OC (O) -O-. - 117 -5(0)02-, -5(Ο)2-Ν(Κπ)-, -C(R7)-, -C(R,)-O-, -O-C(R7)-, -O-C(O)-O-. -N (Rn) -Q-, -C (R7) -N (RH.) -, -OC ^ -NfRi,} -, -C (R7) -N (0Rn) -vol -N(Rn)-Q-, -C(R7)-N(RH)-, -O-C^-NfRi,}-, -C(R7)-N(0Rn)-t —N-C(RJ*N-W- —NC (RJ * NW- Z 'this bond or -ΘΑ' is selected from the group consisting of: "CHj ·· - ° - · C (O) -, -3 (θ)0.:-, and -NtR.1)-;Z’ to wiązanie lub -ΘΑ’ jest wybierane z grupy składającej się z: “CHj·· -°-· C(O)-, -3(θ)0.:-, oraz -NtR.1)-;Q is selected from the group consisting of: bond, 'ctR') -. -Ci.R7> c (R.7r, s (Oh-, CiRjbNtR ^ -w -.- siOh-NiR.o -.- ctR,) ^ and -C (r7) -N (OR [2)-;Q jest wybierane z grupy składającej się z: wiązania, ‘ctR’)-. -Ci.R7>c(R7r, s(Oh-, CiRjbNtR^-w-.-siOh-NiR.o-.-ctR,)^ oraz -C(R7)-N(OR [2)-;V is selected from the group consisting of: -C (R7) -, - OC (R7) -, - N (Ru) -C (R7)-, and S (O)2-;V jest wybierane z grupy składającej się z: -C(R7)-,-O-C(R7)-,-N(Ru)-C(R7)-, oraz S(O)2-;W is selected from the group consisting of: bond, -C (O) -, and -S (O)2-;W jest wybierane z grupy składającej się z: wiązanie, -C(O)-, oraz -S(O)2-;c and d are independently integers from 1 to 6, provided that c + d is <7 and when A 'is -O- or -N (R4') -, then c and d are independently integers from 2 to 4;c oraz d są niezależnie liczbami całkowitymi od 1 do 6, pod warunkiem, że c + d jest < 7 i kiedy A’ jest -O- albo -N(R4’)-, to c oraz d są niezależnie liczbami całkowitymi od 2 do 4;Rg is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, and arylalkylenyl;Rg jest wybierane z grupy składającej się z: wodór, alkil oraz aryloalkilenyl;R? is selected from the group consisting of: = 0 and = S;R? jest wybierane z grupy składającej się z: =0 oraz =S;R8 is C2-7alkylene;R8 to C2-7alkilen;- 118 R9 jest wybierane z grupy składającej się z: wodór, alkil oraz aryloalkilenyl;lub R9 oraz R4 razem z atomem azotu, do którego przyczepiona jest grupa R9 może łączyć się, aby tworzyć grupę: R9 is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl and arylalkylenyl;or R9 and R.4 together with the nitrogen atom to which the R9 group is attached can combine to form a group: Rio is Cs-salkylene;Rio to Cs-salkilen;Rn is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, Cmoalkyl, C.2.ioalkenyl, Ci. ioalkoxyC2.ioalkylenyl and arylCi-walkylenyl;and Rn jest wybierane z grupy składającej się z: wodór, Cmoalkil, C2.ioalkenyl, Ci. ioalkoksyC2.ioalkilenyl oraz arylCi-walkilenyl;oraz Ri2 is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen and alkyl;Ri2 jest wybierane z grupy składającej się z: wodór oraz alkil;lub ich farmaceutycznie akceptowalne sole. or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- 5The compound or salt of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein R2 is selected from the group consisting of:hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, and alkoxyalkylenyl. 5. Związek lub sól według któregokolwiek z zastrzeżeń 1 do 4, gdzie R2 jest wybierane z grupy składającej się z: wodór, alkil, hydroksyalkil oraz alkoksyalkilenyl.
- 6The compound or salt of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein R2 is selected from the group consisting of:hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, methoxymethyl, ethoxymethyl, 2-methoxyethyl, hydroxymethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl and 3-hydroxypropyl. 6. Związek lub sól według któregokolwiek z zastrzeżeń od 1 do 4, gdzie R2 jest wybierane z grupy składającej się z: wodór, metyl, etyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, metoksymetyl, etoksymetyl, 2-metoksyetyl, hydroksymetyl, 2-hydroksyetyl oraz 3-hydroksypropyl.
Independent claims5
1,374 paragraphs in 31 sections, as filed
THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND (12) TRANSLATION OF THE EUROPEAN PATENT (19) PL (11) PL / EP 1789042
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Patent Office of the Republic of Poland (96) Date and number of the European patent application: 01/09/2005 05794068.6 (97) The grant of the European patent was announced:
02.05.2012 European Patent Bulletin 2012/18
EP 1789042 B1 (13) T3 (51) Int. Cl.
A61K 31/437 (2006.01)
C07D 471/04 (2006.01)
C07D 471/14 (2006.01)
A61P 35/00 (2006.01)
A61P 31/00 (2006.01) (54) Title of the invention:
1-alkoxy 1H-imidazo ring systems and (3 °) r methods,
Priority:
02.09.2004 US 606 629 P (43) Application announced:
May 30, 2007 in the European Patent Bulletin No. 2007/22 (45) The following was announced about the submission of the translation of the patent:
28.09.2012 News of the Patent Office 2012/09 (73) The holder of the patent:
3M Innovative Properties Company, St. Paul, US (72) Inventor (s):
LARRY R. KREPSKI, Saint Paul, US DANIEL E. DUFFY, Saint Paul, US JOHN F. GERSTER, Saint Paul, US JOAN T. MOSEMAN, Saint Paul, US CO
CM (74) Representative:
θ thing, pat. Mirosława Ważyńska g JAN WIERZCHOŃ & PARTNERS h- PATENT OFFICE
Τ 'AND TRADEMARKS
Q_ iii ul. Żurawia 47/49
J 00-680 Warsaw
Attention:
Within nine months of the publication of the information on the grant of the European patent, any person may file an objection to the European Patent Office against the European patent granted. The objection must be submitted in the form of a written statement of reasons. It is considered brought only when the opposition fee has been paid (Art. 99 (1) of the Convention on the Grant of European Patents).
14264/12 / P-RO / MW / KM
EP 1 789 042
1-alkoxy LH-imidazo ring systems and methods
In the 1950s, the U7-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline ring system was described and 1- (6-methoxy-8-quinolinyl) -2-methyl-U1 -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline was synthesized for possible use as an antimalarial. Subsequently, the synthesis of various substituted U7-imidazo [4,5-c] quinolines was reported. For example, 1- [2- (4-piperidyl) ethyl] -U / -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline has been synthesized as an optional anticonvulsant and against cardiovascular disease. Several 2-oxoimidazo [4,5-c] quinolines have also been reported.
Certain U7-imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-4-amines and their 1- and 2-substituted derivatives were later found to be useful as antiviral, bronchodilator and immunomodulators. Certain substituted lH-imidazo [4,5c] pyridin-4-amine, quinoline-4-amine, tetrahydroquinoline-4-amine, naphthyridin-4-amine and tetrahydronaphthyridin-4-amine compounds as well as certain analogous compounds were then synthesized. thiazole and oxazole, and have been found to be useful as immune response modifiers (IRMs), making them useful in the treatment of a variety of diseases.
US 2002/0173654 A1 and US 2004/0023932 A1 disclose imidazonaphthyridine and tetrahydroimidazonaphthyridine compounds containing a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, alkenyl or aryl group at the 2-position of the imidazole ring.
US 2002/0193396 A1 discloses imidazoquinoline and tetrahydroimidazoquinoline compounds having an ether and sulfonamide or sulfamide functionality in the 1- position.
US 6,664,260 B2 discloses imidazoquinoline and tetrahydroimidazoquinoline compounds containing an ether and a heterocyclic or heteroaryl functional group in the 1- position.
US 6,677,348 B2 discloses imidazoquinoline and tetrahydroimidazoquinoline compounds containing an ether and aryl or alkenyl functional group in the 1- position.
The compounds disclosed in the above-mentioned documents induce the biosynthesis of cytokines such as interferon and tumor necrosis factor. These compounds exhibit antiviral and antitumor properties.
There is still interest and a need for compounds that have the ability to modulate the immune response by inducing cytokine biosynthesis or other mechanisms.
Certain 1-alkoxy U 1 -imidazole ring systems have now been found to modulate cytokine biosynthesis. In one example, the invention provides compounds of formulas II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, and XIII.
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VI
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0009.tif" />
XI
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0010.tif" />
where Ri, R2; R3, R, Ra, Rb, RAi, Rbi m<sub>;</sub> nip are defined below; and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
Compounds of formulas II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII and XIII are useful as immune response modifiers (IRMs) due to their ability to modulate cytokine biosynthesis (e.g. to induce or inhibit biosynthesis or production of one or more cytokines) and otherwise modulate the immune response when administered to animals. The compounds can be tested according to the test procedures described in the "Examples" section. Compounds can be tested for cytokine biosynthesis by incubating human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in culture with compound / compounds in the concentration range of 30 to 0.014 μΜ and analysis for interferon (a) or tumor necrosis factor (a) in the culture supernatant . Compounds can be tested for inhibition of cytokine biosynthesis by incubating murine Raw 264.7 macrophage cells in culture with a single concentration of compound (s), for example 5 pM, and analyzed for tumor necrosis factor (a) content in the culture supernatant. The ability to modulate cytokine biosynthesis, for example, to induce the biosynthesis of one or more cytokines, makes the compounds useful in the treatment of a variety of diseases, such as viral diseases and neoplastic diseases, that respond to such changes in the immune response.
In another embodiment, the invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising immune response modifying compounds and compounds for use in methods of inducing cytokine biosynthesis in animal cells, treating a viral disease in an animal, and / or treating a cancerous disease in an animal by administering to the animal one or more compounds of formula II. III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII and / or XIII and / or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
In another embodiment, the invention provides methods for synthesizing compounds of formulas II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, and XIII, and intermediates useful in the synthesis of these compounds.
As used herein, the terms "at least one" and "one or more" are used interchangeably.
The terms "comprising" and combinations thereof are not intended to be limiting as they appear in the specification and claims.
The above summary of the invention is not intended to describe each disclosed embodiment or each embodiment of the invention. The following description demonstrates illustrative embodiments in more detail. It also provides guidance through a list of examples that can be used in various combinations. In any event, the cited list serves only as a representative group and should not be interpreted as an exhaustive list.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
The invention provides compounds of formulas II to XIII below:
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(FUm
IV
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IX
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where: Ri, R2, R3, R, Ra, Rb, Rai, Rbi, m, n and p are defined below.
In one embodiment, the invention provides a compound of Formula II:
NH<sub>2</sub>
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0019.tif" />
where:
Ri is selected from the group consisting of:
-R4,
-xr<sub>5</sub>,
-XN (R<sub>6</sub>) -YR<sub>4</sub>,
-XC (r<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>9</sub>) -R4,
-XOC (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>6</sub>) -R4,
-XS (O)<sub>2</sub>-N (R6) -R<sub>4</sub> and
-XOR<sub>4</sub>;
R<sub>2</sub> is selected from the group consisting of:
hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, alkyl-Z-alkenyl, aryl-Z-alkenyl, alkenyl-Z-alkenyl, and alkyl or alkenyl substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of:
hydroxy, halogen,
-N (R6)<sub>2</sub>,
-C (r<sub>7</sub>) -N (R6)<sub>2</sub>,
-S (O)<sub>2</sub>-N (R6)<sub>2</sub>,
-N (R6) -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -Ci.io alkyl,
-N (R6) -S (0)<sub>2</sub>-Ci.io alkyl,
-C (O) -Ci.io alkyl,
-C (O) -O-C 1-10 alkyl,
-N<sub>3</sub>, aryl
-9heteroaryl, heterocycle,
-C (O) -aryl,
-C (O) -heteroaryl,
-N (R6) -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -aryl,
-N (R6) -S (O)<sub>2</sub>-aryl,
-0-C (R<sub>7</sub>) -Ci.io alkyl,
-OC (r<sub>7</sub>) -aryl,
-0-C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R 6) -C 1-10 alkyl i
-OC (r<sub>7</sub>) -N (R6) -aryl;
Each of the R.<sub>AND</sub> and Rb is independently selected from the group consisting of:
hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, and
-N (Ri<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>;
or when taken together Ra and Rb form a fused benzene or pyridine ring which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more R groups or substituted by one R3 group, or substituted with one R3 group and one R group, or substituted by one R3 group and two R groups;
or when taken together Ra and Rb form a fused cyclohexene or tetrahydropyridine ring which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more R groups;
R is selected from the group consisting of:
halogen, hydroxy, alkyl, alkenyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy,
- 10 alkylthio i
- N (Ri2)<sub>2</sub>;
R3 is selected from the group consisting of:
-Z'-R4 ',
-Z'-X'-R4 ',
- Z'-X'-Y'-R<sub>4</sub>'i
- Z'-X'-R<sub>5</sub>;
R is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkyleneyl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkylenyl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle groups may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents independently selected. from the group consisting of: alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halogen, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, cyano, carboxy, formyl, aryl, aryloxy, arylalkoxy, heteroaryl, heteroaryloxy, heteroarylalkoxy, heterocyclyl, heterocycloalkylenyl, amino, alkylamino, (arylamino) and dialkylenyl alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, and heterocyclyl, oxo, provided that when R4 is substituted alkyl and the substituent contains a heteroatom linked directly to the alkyl group, then the alkyl group contains at least two carbon atoms between the substituent and the oxygen atom to which Ri is attached;
Rs is selected from the group consisting of:
—NA -NC (R<sub>7</sub>) -NS (O)<sub>2</sub><sup>V</sup>r / 'i'
X is C2-20 alkylene;
X is C1-20 alkylene;
Y is selected from the group consisting of: -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -, -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -O-, -S (O)<sub>2</sub>-, -S (O)<sub>2</sub>-N (R6) - and -C (R<sub>7</sub>) N (R<sub>9</sub>);
Z is selected from the group consisting of: -O- and -S (O) o-2-;
A is selected from the group consisting of: -CH (R<sub>6</sub>) -, -Ο-, -ΝζΙ ^) -, -N (Y-R4) - and -N (XN (R6) -YR4) -;
a and b independently represent integers from 1 to 4, provided that when A is -0-, -N (R6) -, -N (Y-R4) - or -N (XN (R6) -Y-R4) - , then a and b are independently integers from 2 to 4;
R<sub>4</sub>'is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkylenyl, aryloxyalkylenyl, alkylaryllenyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkylenyl, heteroaryloxyalkylenyl, alkylheteroaryllenyl and heterocycle where the groups are alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl
- 11 aryloxyalkylenyl, alkylaryleneyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkylenyl, heteroaryloxyalkyleneyl, alkylheteroaryllenyl, and the heterocycle may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halogen, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, cyano, aryl, aryloxy, arylalkyleneoxy, heteroaryl, heteroaryloxy, heteroarylalkyleneoxy, heterocycle, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, (dialkylamino, in the case of alkylenylamino) alkynyl and heterocycle, oxo;
Rs' is selected from the group consisting of:
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0020.tif" />
X 'is selected from the group consisting of: alkylene, alkenylene, alkynylene, arylene, heteroarylene and heterocyclene, wherein the groups alkylene, alkenylene, and alkynylene may be optionally interrupted or terminated with an arylene, heteroarylene, or heterocycle, and optionally interrupted with one or more -O groups -;
Y 'is selected from the group consisting of:
-S (O)<sub>0</sub>-2-,
-S (O)<sub>2</sub>-N (R<sub>n</sub>)-,
-C (r<sub>7</sub>)-,
-C (r<sub>7</sub>)-ABOUT-,
-OC (r<sub>7</sub>)-,
-OC (O) -O-,
-N (Rn) -Q-,
-C (r<sub>7</sub>) -N (Rn) -,
-OC (r<sub>7</sub>) -N (Rh) -,
-C (r<sub>7</sub>) -N (OR<sub>i2</sub>)-,
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0021.tif" />
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0022.tif" />
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0023.tif" />
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0024.tif" />
Z 'is a bond or -O-;
A 'is selected from the group consisting of: -CH<sub>2</sub>-, -0-, -C (0) -, -S (0) o-2-, and -N (R4 ') -;
Q is selected from the group consisting of: a bond, -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -, -C (R7) -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -, -S (0)<sub>2</sub>-, C (R<sub>7</sub>-N (Rn) -W-, -S (O)<sub>2</sub>-N (Rh) -, -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -O- and -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (OR<sub>i2</sub>)-;
V is selected from the group consisting of: -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -, -OC (R<sub>7</sub>) -, -N (Rn) -C (R<sub>7</sub>) - and -S (0)<sub>2</sub>-;
W is selected from the group consisting of: a bond, -C (0) -, and -S (0)<sub>2</sub>-;
c and d are independently integers from 1 to 6, provided that c + d <7 and when A 'is -O- or -N (R4') -, then c and d are independently integers from 2 to 4;
Re is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, and arylalkylenyl;
R<sub>7</sub> is selected from the group consisting of: = 0 and = S;
R<sub>8</sub> means C.<sub>2</sub>.<sub>7</sub> alkylene;
R9 is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, and arylalkylenyl; or R9 and R4 together with the nitrogen to which R9 is attached may combine to form a group
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0025.tif" />
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0026.tif" />
Rio is C3-8 alkylene;
Rn is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, C1-10 alkyl, C2-10 alkenyl, C1-10 alkoxy<sub>2</sub>.io alkenyl and arylC 1-6 alkenyl; and
Ri<sub>2</sub> is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen and alkyl;
Or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
In one embodiment, the invention provides a compound of Formula III:
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0027.tif" />
Ul where:
Ri is selected from the group consisting of:
-R4,
-xr<sub>5</sub>,
-XN (R6) -Y-R4,
-XC (r<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>9</sub>) -R4, -XOC (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R6) -R<sub>4</sub>, -XS (O)<sub>2</sub>-N (R6) -R4 and -X-O-R4;
R<sub>2</sub> is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocycle, alkyl-Z-alkenyl, aryl-Z-alkenyl, alkenyl-Z-alkenyl, and alkyl or alkenyl substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of with:
hydroxy, halogen,
- 14 -N (R6)<sub>2</sub>,
-C (r<sub>7</sub>) -N (R6)<sub>2</sub>,
-S (O)<sub>2</sub>-N (R<sub>6</sub>)<sub>2</sub>,
-N (R6) -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -Ci.io alkyl,
-N (R6) -S (0)<sub>2</sub>-Ci.io alkyl,
-C (O) -Ci.io alkyl,
-C (O) -O-C 1-10 alkyl,
-N<sub>3</sub>, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocycle,
-C (O) -aryl,
-C (O) -heteroaryl,
-N (R6) -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -aryl,
-N (R6) -S (O)<sub>2</sub>-aryl,
-0-C (R<sub>7</sub>) -Ci.io alkyl,
-OC (r<sub>7</sub>) -aryl,
-0-C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>6</sub>) -Ci-10 alkyl and
-OC (r<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>6</sub>) -aryl;
Each of the R.<sub>AND</sub>ii Rbi is independently selected from the group consisting of:
hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, and
-N (R<sub>i2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>;
R4 is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkyleneyl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclyl wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkylenyl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclyl groups may be unsubstituted or substituted independently with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halogen, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, cyano, carboxy, formyl, aryl, aryloxy,
- arylalkoxy, heteroaryl, heteroaryloxy, heteroarylalkoxy, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkylenyl, amino, alkylamino, (arylalkylenyl) amino, dialkylamino and in the case of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and heterocyclyl - oxo, provided that when R4 is a substituted alkyl group, and a heteroatom bonded directly to the alkyl group, then the alkyl group contains at least two carbon atoms between the substituent and the oxygen atom to which Ri is bonded;
R5 is selected from the group consisting of:
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0028.tif" />
- NA —N — C (R<sub>7</sub>) —N — S (O)<sub>2</sub>
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0029.tif" />
Ra V
Re is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, and arylalkylenyl;
R7 is selected from the group consisting of: = 0 and = S;
R<sub>8</sub> is C2-7 alkylene;
R9 is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, and arylalkylenyl; or R9 and R4 together with the nitrogen atom to which R9 is attached may combine to form a group -NA
R12 is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen and alkyl;
A is selected from the group consisting of: -CH (R<sub>6</sub>) -, -0-, -N (Re) -, -N (Y-R4) - and -N (XN (R6) -Y-R4) -;
X is C2-20 alkylene;
X is C1-20 alkylene;
Y is selected from the group consisting of: -C (R7) -, -C (R7) -0-, -S (0) 2-, -S (0) 2-N (Re) - and -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>9</sub>)-;
Z is selected from the group consisting of -O- and -S (0) o-2-; and a and b independently represent integers from 1 to 4, provided that when A is -0-, -N (R6) -, -N (Y-R4) - or -N (XN (R6) -Y-R4) - , then a and b are independently integers from 2 to 4;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
In one embodiment, the invention provides a compound of Formula IV:
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0030.tif" />
IV where:
Ri is selected from the group consisting of:
-R4,
-xr<sub>5</sub>,
-XN (R6) -Y-R4, -XC (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>9</sub>) -R4, -XOC (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R6) -R<sub>4</sub>, -XS (O)<sub>2</sub>-N (R6) -R4 and -X-O-R4;
R<sub>2</sub> is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocycle, alkyl-Z-alkenyl, aryl-Z-alkenyl, alkenyl-Z-alkenyl, and alkyl or alkenyl substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of with:
hydroxy, halogen, -N (R6)<sub>2</sub>,
- 17 -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R6)<sub>2</sub>, -S (O)<sub>2</sub>-N (R<sub>6</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, -N (R6) -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -Ci.io alkyl, -N (R6) -S (0)<sub>2</sub>-Ci.io alkyl, -C (O) -Ci.10 alkyl,
-C (O) -O-C 1-10 alkyl,
-N<sub>3</sub>, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocycle, -C (O) -aryl, -C (O) -heteroaryl, -N (R6) -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -aryl, -N (R6) -S (O)<sub>2</sub>-aryl,
-0-C (R<sub>7</sub>) -Ci.io alkyl, -OC (R<sub>7</sub>) -aryl,
-0-C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>6</sub>) -Ci-10 alkyl and -OC (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>6</sub>) -aryl;
R is selected from the group consisting of: halogen, hydroxy, alkyl, alkenyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, and
-N (Ri2)<sub>2</sub>;
R<sub>3</sub> is selected from the group consisting of:
-Z'-R4 ',
-Z'-X'-R4 ',
-Z'-X'-Y'-R4 'i
- 18 -Z'-X'-R<sub>5</sub>';
n is an integer from 0 to 4;
m is 0 or 1, provided that when m is 1, n is 0, 1 or 2;
R4 is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkyleneyl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkylenyl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle groups may be unsubstituted or substituted independently with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halogen, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, cyano, carboxy, formyl, aryl, aryloxy, arylalkoxy, heteroaryl, heteroaryloxy, heteroarylalkoxy, heterocycle, heterocycloalkylenyl, amino, alkylamino, (arylalkylenamino) amino, and for alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and heterocycle, oxo, provided that when R4 is substituted alkyl and the substituent contains a heteroatom linked directly to the alkyl group, then the alkyl group contains at least two carbon atoms between the substituent and the oxygen atom to which Ri is attached;
R5 is selected from the group consisting of:
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0031.tif" />
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0032.tif" />
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0033.tif" />
(θ<sup>Η</sup>2)<sub>3</sub>^ —N — S (O).
- NA —N— (CH<sub>2</sub>) "Y <R<sub>and</sub> 'i
X is C2-20 alkylene;
X is C1-20 alkylene;
Y is selected from the group consisting of: -C (R7) -, -C (R7) O-, -S (O) 2-, -S (O) 2-N (R6) - and C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>9</sub>)-;
Z is selected from the group consisting of: -O- and -S (O) o-2-;
A is selected from the group consisting of: -CH (R<sub>6</sub>) -, -O-, -N (R6) -, -N (Y-R4) - and -N (XN (R6) -Y-R4) -;
a and b independently represent integers from 1 to 4, provided that when A is -0-, -N (R6) -, -N (Y-R4) - or -N (XN (Re) -Y-R4) - , then a and b are independently integers from 2 to 4;
R4 'is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkylenyl, aryloxyalkylenyl, alkylaryllenyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkylenyl, heteroaryloxyalkylenyl, alkylheteroaryllenyl and heterocycle, where the groups are: alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkylylenylenyl, arylalkenylenyl, arylalkenylenyl, and arylalkylenylenyl heterocyclyl may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halogen, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto,
Cyano, aryl, aryloxy, arylalkyleneoxy, heteroaryl, heteroaryloxy, heteroarylalkyleneoxy, heterocyclyl, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, (dialkylamino) alkyleneoxy and for alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and heterocycle, oxo;
Rs' is selected from the group consisting of:
—N— C (R<sub>7</sub>) - N— S (O)<sub>2</sub> —Vth
X 'is selected from the group consisting of: alkylene, alkenylene, alkynylene, arylene, heteroarylene, and heterocyclylene, wherein the alkylene, alkenylene, and alkynylene groups may be optionally interrupted or terminated with an arylene, heteroarylene, or heterocyclylene, and optionally interrupted with one or more -O- groups ;
Y 'is selected from the group consisting of:
-S (0) o-2-,
-S (O)<sub>2</sub>-N (R<sub>n</sub>)-,
-C (r<sub>7</sub>)-,
-C (r<sub>7</sub>)-ABOUT-,
-OC (r<sub>7</sub>)-,
-OC (O) -O-,
-N (Rn) -Q-,
-C (r<sub>7</sub>) -N (Rn) -,
-OC (r<sub>7</sub>) -N (Rh) -,
-C (r<sub>7</sub>) -N (ORi<sub>2</sub>)-,
NQ -
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0034.tif" />
Z 'is a bond or -O-;
A 'is selected from the group consisting of: -CH<sub>2</sub>-, -0-, -C (0) -, -S (0) o-2- and N (R4 ') -;
Q is selected from the group consisting of: a bond, -C (R7) -, -C (R7) -C (R7) -, S (0)<sub>2</sub>-, -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (Rn) -W-, -S (O)<sub>2</sub>-N (Rh) -, -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -O- and -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (ORi<sub>2</sub>)-;
V is selected from the group consisting of: -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -, -OC (R<sub>7</sub>) -, -N (Rn) -C (R<sub>7</sub>) - and S (0)<sub>2</sub>-;
W is selected from the group consisting of: a bond, -C (0) -, and -S (0)<sub>2</sub>-;
c and d are independently integers from 1 to 6, provided that c + d <7 and when A 'is -O- or -N (R4') -, then c and d are independently integers from 2 to 4;
R<sub>6</sub> is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, and arylalkylenyl;
R? is selected from the group consisting of: = 0 and = S;
Rg is C.<sub>2</sub>_? alkylene;
R<sub>9</sub> is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, and arylalkylenyl; or R<sub>9</sub> and R4 together with the nitrogen to which R is attached<sub>9</sub>, can combine to form a group
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0035.tif" />
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0036.tif" />
Rio is C3-8 alkylene;
R n is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, C 1-10 alkyl, C 2-10 alkenyl, C 1-10. 10 alkoxy C.<sub>2</sub>.io alkenyl and arylCi-10 alkenyl; and
Ri<sub>2</sub> is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
In one embodiment, the invention provides a compound of Formula V:
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0037.tif" />
V where:
Ri is selected from the group consisting of:
-R4,
-XR<sub>5</sub>,
-XN (R6) -Y-R4,
-X ”-C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>9</sub>) -R4
-XOC (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R6) -R<sub>4</sub>,
-XS (O)<sub>2</sub>-N (R6) -R4 i
-XOR<sub>4</sub>;
R<sub>2</sub> is selected from the group consisting of:
hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, alkyl-Z-alkenyl, aryl-Z-alkenyl, alkenyl-Z-alkenyl, and alkyl or alkenyl substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of:
hydroxy, halogen,
-N (R6)<sub>2</sub>,
-C (r<sub>7</sub>) -N (R6)<sub>2</sub>,
-S (O)<sub>2</sub>-N (R<sub>6</sub>)<sub>2</sub>,
-22 -N (R6) -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -Ci.io alkyl,
-N (R6) -S (0)<sub>2</sub>-Ci.io alkyl,
-C (O) -Ci.io alkyl,
-C (O) -O-C 1-10 alkyl,
-N<sub>3</sub>, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, -C (O) -aryl, -C (O) -heteroaryl, -N (R6) -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -aryl,
-N (R6) -S (O)<sub>2</sub>-aryl,
-0-C (R<sub>7</sub>) -Ci.io alkyl,
-OC (r<sub>7</sub>) -aryl,
-0-C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>6</sub>) -Ci-10 alkyl and
-OC (r<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>6</sub>) -aryl;
R is selected from the group consisting of:
halogen, hydroxy, alkyl, alkenyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, and
-N (R<sub>i2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>;
n is an integer from 0 to 4;
R4 is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkyleneyl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkylenyl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle groups may be unsubstituted or substituted independently with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halogen, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, cyano, carboxy, formyl, aryl, aryloxy, arylalkoxy, heteroaryl, heteroaryloxy, heteroarylalkoxy, heterocyclyl, heterocycloalkylenyl, amino, alkylamino,
-23 (arylalkylenyl) amino, dialkylamino and, in the case of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and heterocycle, oxo, provided that when R4 is a substituted alkyl group and the substituent contains a heteroatom linked directly to the alkyl group then the alkyl group contains at least two atoms the carbon between the substituent and the oxygen to which Ri is attached;
R5 is selected from the group consisting of:
— <sub>N</sub>- M (O)<sub>2</sub> - NA —N — C (R<sub>7</sub>) (,
J (<sup>CH</sup>2) b <sup>R</sup>a., '1
R.<sub>6</sub> is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, and arylalkylenyl;
R<sub>7</sub> is selected from the group consisting of: = 0 and = S;
Rg is C2-7 alkylene;
R<sub>9</sub> is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, and arylalkylenyl; or
R<sub>9</sub> and r<sub>4</sub> together with the nitrogen atom with which R.<sub>9</sub> is related, they can combine to form a group
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0038.tif" />
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0039.tif" />
R12 is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen and alkyl;
A is selected from the group consisting of: -CH (R<sub>6</sub>) -, -O-, -N (R6) -, -N (Y-R4) - and -N (XN (R6) -Y-R4) -;
X is C2-20 alkylene;
X is C1-20 alkylene;
Y is selected from the group consisting of: -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -, -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -O-, -S (0)<sub>2</sub>-, -S (O)<sub>2</sub>-N (R6) - and -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>9</sub>)-;
Z is selected from the group consisting of: -O- and -S (0) o-<sub>2</sub>-; and a and b independently represent integers from 1 to 4, provided that when A is -0-, -N (R6) -, -N (Y-R4) - or -N (XN (Re) -Y-R4) - , then a and b are independently integers from 2 to 4;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
In some embodiments, the invention provides a compound selected from the group consisting of Formula VI, VII, VIII, and IX (preferably a compound of Formula VI):
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0040.tif" />
where:
Ri is selected from the group consisting of: -R4,
-xr<sub>5</sub>,
-XN (R6) -Y-R4, -XC (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>9</sub>) -R4, -XOC (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R6) -R<sub>4</sub>, -XS (O)<sub>2</sub>-N (R6) -R4 and -X-O-R4;
R<sub>2</sub> is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, alkyl-Z-alkenyl, aryl-Z-alkenyl,
-25 alkenyl-Z-alkenyl and alkyl or alkenyl substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of:
hydroxy, halogen, -N (R6)<sub>2</sub>,
-C (r<sub>7</sub>) -N (R6)<sub>2</sub>,
-S (O)<sub>2</sub>-N (R<sub>6</sub>)<sub>2</sub>,
-N (R6) -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -Ci.io alkyl,
-N (R6) -S (0)<sub>2</sub>-Ci.io alkyl,
-C (O) -Ci.io alkyl,
-C (O) -O-C 1-10 alkyl,
-N<sub>3</sub>, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, -C (O) -aryl, -C (O) -heteroaryl,
-N (R6) -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -aryl, -N (R6) -S (O)<sub>2</sub>-aryl, -O-C (R<sub>7</sub>) -Ci.io alkyl,
-OC (r<sub>7</sub>) -aryl, -O-C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>6</sub>) -Ci-10 alkyl and -OC (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>6</sub>) -aryl;
R is selected from the group consisting of: halogen, hydroxy, alkyl, alkenyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy,
-26 alkylthio and
-N (Ri2)<sub>2</sub>;
R3 is selected from the group consisting of:
IN,
-Z'-x'-r4
-Z'-X'-Y'-R.<sub>4</sub>'i
-Z'-x'-r<sub>5</sub>'<sub>;</sub> p is an integer from 0 to 3;
m is 0 or 1, with the proviso that when m is 1, p is 0, 1 or 2;
R4 is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkyleneyl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkylenyl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle groups may be unsubstituted or substituted independently with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halogen, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, cyano, carboxy, formyl, aryl, aryloxy, arylalkoxy, heteroaryl, heteroaryloxy, heteroarylalkoxy, heterocyclyl, heterocycloalkylenyl, amino, alkylamino, (aryl, alkenyl) amino and in the case of dialkylenyl) amino alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and heterocyclyl, oxo, provided that when R4 is a substituted alkyl group and the substituent contains a heteroatom linked directly to the alkyl group, then the alkyl group contains at least two carbon atoms between the substituent and the oxygen atom to which Ri is attached;
Rs is selected from the group consisting of:
- NA —N — C (R<sub>7</sub>) —N — S (O)<sub>2</sub>
N (CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>b</sub>>, WW.
and '
X is C2-20 alkylene;
X is C1-20 alkylene;
Y is selected from the group consisting of: -C (R7) -, -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -O-, -S (O) 2-, -S (O) 2-N (R6) - and -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>9</sub>)-;
Z is selected from the group consisting of: -O- and -S (0) o-<sub>2</sub>-;
A is selected from the group consisting of: -CH (R<sub>6</sub>) -, -O-, -N (R6) -, -N (Y-R4) - and -N (XN (R6) -Y-R4) -;
a and b independently represent integers from 1 to 4, provided that when A is -0-, -N (R6) -, -N (Y-R4) - or -N (XN (R6) -Y-R4) - , then a and b are independently integers from 2 to 4;
-27 R4 'is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkylenyl, aryloxyalkylenyl, alkylaryllenyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkylenyl, heteroaryloxyalkylenyl, alkylheteroaryllenyl and heterocyclyl, where the groups are: alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkylenylenyl, heteroarylenealkylenyl, arylalkylenylenyl heterocyclyl may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halogen, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, cyano, aryl, aryloxy, arylalkyleneoxy, heteroaryl, heteroaryloxy, heteroarylalkyleneoxy, heterocyclyl, amino, alkylamino, dialkylenamino, alkenyl and, for example, alkenylamino, alkenylamino, and dialkylenamino heterocyclyl, oxo;
Rs' is selected from the group consisting of:
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0041.tif" />
X 'is selected from the group consisting of: alkylene, alkenylene, alkynylene, arylene, heteroarylene, and heterocyclylene, wherein the alkylene, alkenylene, and alkynylene groups may be optionally interrupted or terminated with an arylene, heteroarylene, or heterocyclylene, and optionally interrupted with one or more -O- groups ;
Y 'is selected from the group consisting of:
-S (0) o-2-,
-S (O)<sub>2</sub>-N (R<sub>n</sub>)-,
-C (r<sub>7</sub>)-,
-C (r<sub>7</sub>)-ABOUT-,
-OC (r<sub>7</sub>)-,
-OC (O) -O-,
- N (Rn) -Q-,
- C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (Rn) -,
- OC (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (Rh) -,
- C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (OR<sub>i2</sub>)-,
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0042.tif" />
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0043.tif" />
Z 'is a bond or -O-;
A 'is selected from the group consisting of: -CH<sub>2</sub>-, -0-, -C (0) -, -S (0) o-2-, and -N (R4 ') -;
Q is selected from the group consisting of: a bond, -C (R7) -, -C (R7) -C (R7) -, -S (0) 2-, C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (Rn) -W-, -S (O)<sub>2</sub>-N (Rh) -, -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -O- and -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (ORi<sub>2</sub>)-;
V is selected from the group consisting of: -C (R7) -, -O-C (R7) -, -N (Rn) -C (R7) - and -S (O) 2-;
W is selected from the group consisting of: a bond, -C (O) - and -S (O) 2-;
c and d are independently integers from 1 to 6, provided that c + d <7 and when A 'is -O- or -N (R4') -, then c and d are independently integers from 2 to 4;
Re is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, and arylalkylenyl;
R? is selected from the group consisting of: = 0 and = S;
Rg is C2-7 alkylene;
R9 is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, and arylalkylenyl; or R9 and R4 together with the nitrogen to which R9 is attached may combine to form a ^ (CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>and</sub>^ —NA
Rio is C3-8 alkylene;
R n is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, C 1-10 alkenyl, C 1-10 alkoxy C 2-10 alkenyl, and arylC 1-10 alkenyl; and
R12 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
In some embodiments, the invention provides a compound selected from the group consisting of Formulas X, XI, XII, and XIII:
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0044.tif" />
where:
Ri is selected from the group consisting of:
-R4,
-xr<sub>5</sub>,
-XN (R6) -Y-R4, -XC (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>9</sub>) -R4, -XOC (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R6) -R<sub>4</sub>, -XS (O)<sub>2</sub>-N (R<sub>6</sub>) -R<sub>4</sub> and
-Χ-0-IU;
R2 is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl,
-30aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, alkyl-Z-alkenyl, aryl-Z-alkenyl, alkenyl-Z-alkenyl, and alkyl or alkenyl substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of:
hydroxy, halogen,
-N (R6)<sub>2</sub>,
-C (r<sub>7</sub>) -N (R6)<sub>2</sub>
-S (O)<sub>2</sub>-N (R<sub>6</sub>)<sub>2</sub>,
-N (R6) -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -Ci.io alkyl,
-N (R6) -S (0)<sub>2</sub>-Ci.io alkyl,
-C (O) -Ci.io alkyl,
-C (O) -O-C 1-10 alkyl,
-N<sub>3</sub>, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl,
-C (O) -aryl,
-C (O) -heteroaryl,
-N (R6) -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -aryl,
-N (R6) -S (O)<sub>2</sub>-aryl,
-0-C (R<sub>7</sub>) -Ci.io alkyl,
-OC (r<sub>7</sub>) -aryl,
-0-C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>6</sub>) -Ci-10 alkyl and
-OC (r<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>6</sub>) -aryl;
R is selected from the group consisting of:
halogen,
-31 hydroxy, alkyl, alkenyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, and -N (Ri<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>;
p is an integer from 0 to 3;
R4 is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkyleneyl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkylenyl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle groups may be unsubstituted or substituted independently with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halogen, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, cyano, carboxy, formyl, aryl, aryloxy, arylalkoxy, heteroaryl, heteroaryloxy, heteroarylalkoxy, heterocyclyl, heterocycloalkylenyl, amino, alkylamino, (aryl, alkenyl) amino and in the case of dialkylenyl) amino alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and heterocyclyl, oxo, provided that when R4 is a substituted alkyl group and the substituent contains a heteroatom linked directly to the alkyl group, then the alkyl group contains at least two carbon atoms between the substituent and the oxygen atom to which Ri is attached;
Rs is selected from the group consisting of:
-NA -N ~ C (R<sub>7</sub>) —<sub>N</sub>—S (0)<sub>2</sub> ^ (CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>b</sub>_X <sup>K.</sup>R<sub>8</sub><sup>k</sup>R /.
'is
Re is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, and arylalkylenyl;
R<sub>7</sub> is selected from the group consisting of: = 0 and = S;
R<sub>8</sub> means C.<sub>2</sub>.<sub>7</sub> alkylene;
R<sub>9</sub> is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, and arylalkylenyl; or R9 and R4 together with the nitrogen to which R9 is attached may combine to form a group
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0045.tif" />
(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>and</sub> (CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>b</sub>
Ri<sub>2</sub> is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl;
-32A is selected from the group consisting of: -CH (R<sub>6</sub>) -, -O-, -N (R6) -, -N (Y-R4) - and -N (XN (R6) -Y-R4) -;
X is C2-20 alkylene;
X is C1-20 alkylene;
Y is selected from the group consisting of: -C (R7) -, -C (R7) -0-, -S (0)<sub>2</sub>-, -S (O)<sub>2</sub>-N (R6) - and -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>9</sub>)-;
Z is selected from the group consisting of: -O- and -S (0) o-<sub>2</sub>-; and a and b independently represent integers from 1 to 4, provided that when A is -0-, -N (R6) -, -N (Y-R4) - or -N (XN (Re) -Y-R4) - , then a and b are independently integers from 2 to 4;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
For each of the compounds presented herein, each of the following variables (e.g., R, R<sub>b</sub> R<sub>2</sub>, R3, R4 ', Ra, Rb, m, n, p, A) in any of the embodiments may be combined with one or more other variables in any of their embodiments as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. Each of the resulting combinations of variables constitutes an embodiment of the invention.
For some embodiments, each of R.<sub>and</sub> and Rb is independently selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, and -N (Ri<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>; or taken together Ra and Rb form a fused benzene or pyridine ring which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more R groups, or substituted by one R3 group, or substituted by one R3 group and one R group, or substituted by one R3 group and two R groups, or when taken together Ra and Rb form a fused cyclohexene or tetrahydropyridine ring which is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more R groups.
For some embodiments, each of R.<sub>and</sub> and Rb is independently selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, and -N (Ri<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>. For some embodiments, each of R.<sub>AND</sub> and r<sub>B</sub> is independently selected from hydrogen and alkyl. For some embodiments, each of R.<sub>AND</sub> and r<sub>B</sub> is methyl. For some embodiments, R<sub>AND</sub> and r<sub>B</sub> form a fused benzene or pyridine ring that is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more R groups, or substituted with one R 3 group, or substituted with one R 3 group and one R group, or substituted with one R 3 group and two R groups.
For some embodiments, R<sub>AND</sub> and r<sub>B</sub> form a condensed benzene ring. For some of these embodiments, the fused benzene ring is unsubstituted.
For some embodiments, R<sub>AND</sub> and r<sub>B</sub> form a fused pyridine ring. For some of these embodiments, the fused pyridine ring is
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0046.tif" />
where the highlighted bond indicates the position at which the ring is fused. For some of these embodiments, the fused pyridine ring is unsubstituted.
For some embodiments, R<sub>AND</sub> and Rb form a fused cyclohexene or tetrahydropyridine ring that is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more R groups.
For some embodiments, R<sub>AND</sub> and r<sub>B</sub> form a condensed cyclohexene ring. For some of these embodiments, the fused cyclohexene ring is unsubstituted.
For some embodiments, R<sub>AND</sub> and r<sub>B</sub> form a fused tetrahydropyridine ring. For some of these embodiments, condensed
A CZ-NH tetrahydropyridine ring is indicated where the marked bond indicates the position at which the ring is fused. For some of these embodiments, the fused tetrahydropyridine ring is unsubstituted.
Both the fused cyclohexene ring and the fused tetrahydropyridine ring used herein are fused to the ring system such that the unsaturated carbon atoms of each of these rings are shared with the pyridine ring. The fused cyclohexene ring is represented by the following formulas:
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0047.tif" />
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0048.tif" />
The fused tetrahydropyridine ring is represented by the following formulas:
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0049.tif" />
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0050.tif" />
-34Ν Η
For some embodiments, each of R.<sub>AND</sub>and Rbi is independently selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, halogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, and -N (Ri2) 2. For some embodiments, each R<sub>Ai</sub> and r<sub>B</sub>and is independently selected from hydrogen and alkyl. For some embodiments, each of R.<sub>Ai</sub> and r<sub>B</sub>and is methyl.
For some embodiments, R is selected from the group consisting of: halogen, hydroxy, alkyl, alkenyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, and -N (Ri<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>.
For some embodiments, Ri is selected from the group consisting of:
-R4, -XR<sub>5</sub>, -XN (R6) -Y-R4, -XC (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>9</sub>) -R4, -XC (R<sub>7</sub>) -ON (R6) -R<sub>4</sub>, -XS (O) 2-N (R6) -R4 and -Χ-Ο-Κμ For some embodiments, Ri is -R<sub>4</sub>, -XN (R6) -YR<sub>4</sub> or -XC (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>9</sub>) -R4.
For some embodiments, Ri is -R4. For some of these embodiments, -R4 is alkyl, aryl, or arylalkylenyl.
For some embodiments, Ri is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, -propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, tert-butyl, isobutyl, cyclohexylyl, benzyl, phenyl, 3-phenylpropyl, 2-nitrobenzyl, 2-phenoxyethyl and (pyridin-3-yl) methyl. For some of these embodiments, Ri is (and therefore R4 is) methyl, ethyl, -propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, 3-phenylpropyl, or (pyridin-3-yl) methyl. For some embodiments, Ri is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, isobutyl, benzyl, 2-nitrobenzyl, and 2-phenoxyethyl.
For some embodiments, Ri is -XN (R<sub>6</sub>) -YR<sub>4</sub> or -XC (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>9</sub>) -R<sub>4</sub>.
For some embodiments, Ri is 3 - [(methanesulfonyl) amino] propyl, 3- (acetylamino) propyl, 3 - [(isopropylcarbonyl) amino] propyl,
3 - [(cyclohexylcarbonyl) amino] propyl, 3 - [(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl) amino] propyl, 3 - {[(isopropylamino) carbonyl] amino} propyl, 2- (morpholin-4-yl) -2-oxoethyl or amoylmethyl notch.
For some embodiments, Ri is 3 - [(methanesulfonyl) amino] propyl, 3- (acetylamino) propyl, 3 - [(isopropylcarbonyl) amino] propyl,
3 - [(cyclohexylcarbonyl) amino] propyl, 3 - [(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl) amino] propyl,
3 - {[(isopropylamino) carbonyl] amino} propyl or 2- (morpholin-4-yl) -2-oxoethyl.
For some embodiments, Ri is methyl, ethyl, -propyl, isopropyl, -butyl, isobutyl, cyclohexyl, benzyl, phenyl, 3-phenylpropyl, (pyridin-3-yl) methyl, 3 - [(methanesulfonyl) amino] propyl. , 3- (acetylamino) propyl, 3-morpholin-4-35 ylcarbonyl) amino] propyl, 3 - {[(isopropylamino) carbonyl] amino} propyl or 2- (morpholin-4-yl) -2-oxoethyl.
For some embodiments, R<sub>2</sub> is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, alkyl-Z-alkenyl, aryl-Z-alkenyl, alkenyl-Zalkylenyl, and alkyl or alkenyl substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of : hydroxy, halogen, -N (R6)<sub>2</sub>, -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R6)<sub>2</sub>, -S (O)<sub>2</sub>-N (R<sub>6</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, -N (R6) C (R<sub>7</sub>) -Ci.io alkyl, -N (R<sub>6</sub>) -S (0)<sub>2</sub>-Ci.10 alkyl, -C (O) -C<sub>M.</sub>o alkyl, -C (O) -O-C<sub>M.</sub>o alkyl, -N<sub>3</sub>, aryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, -C (O) -aryl, -C (O) -heteroaryl, -N (R6) -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -aryl, -N (R6) -S (O)<sub>2</sub>-aryl, O-C (R<sub>7</sub>) -Ci.io alkyl, -OC (R<sub>7</sub>) -aryl, -O-C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>6</sub>) -Ci-10 alkyl and -OC (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R6) -aryl.
For some embodiments, R<sub>2</sub> is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkylenyl, heterocyclyl, aralkylene and aryl. For some embodiments, R<sub>2</sub> is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, and alkoxyalkylenyl.
For some embodiments, R<sub>2</sub> is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, H-propyl, isopropyl, isopropenyl, H-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, methoxymethyl, ethoxymethyl, 2-methoxyethyl, hydroxymethyl, 1-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxy-1-methylethyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, cyclohexyl, cyclopentyl, tetrahydropyran-4-yl, tetrahydrofuran-3-yl and phenyl. For some embodiments, R<sub>2</sub> is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, H-propyl, H-butyl, methoxymethyl, ethoxymethyl, 2-methoxyethyl, hydroxymethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, and 3-hydroxypropyl. For some embodiments, R<sub>2</sub> is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, H-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, ethoxymethyl, hydroxymethyl, and phenyl.
For some embodiments, R<sub>2</sub> means hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, methoxymethyl, ethoxymethyl, 2-methoxyethyl, hydroxymethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, isopropyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, isopropenyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, 1 -hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxy-1-methylethyl, tetrahydrofuran-3-yl or tetrahydropyran-4-yl.
For some embodiments, R<sub>3</sub> is selected from the group consisting of: -Z '-! ^', -Z'X'-R4 ', -Ζ-Χ'-Υ'-Κι', and -Z'-X'-R5 '. For some embodiments, R<sub>3</sub> stands for —Z'-R4 'or -Ζ'-Χ'-γ'. For some embodiments, R<sub>3</sub> is -Z + Rf. For some embodiments, R<sub>3</sub> is phenyl or pyridin-3-yl.
For some embodiments, R4 is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkylenyl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkylenyl, heteroaryl, and heterocyclyl groups may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halogen, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, cyano, carboxy, formyl, aryl, aryloxy, arylalkoxy, heteroaryl, heteroaryloxy, heteroarylalkoxy, heterocyclyl, heterocycloalkylenyl, amino, alkylamino, (aryl, dialkylenyl) amino, (aryl, dialkylamino) amino alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and heterocycle, oxo, provided that when R4 is substituted alkyl and the substituent contains
The -36heteroatom bonded directly to the alkyl group, then the alkyl group contains at least two carbon atoms between the substituent and the oxygen atom to which Ri is attached.
For some embodiments, R4 is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkylenyl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle, wherein the alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkylenyl, heteroaryl, and heterocycle groups may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, alkoxy, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halogen, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, cyano, carboxy, formyl, aryl, aryloxy, arylalkoxy, heteroaryl, heteroaryloxy, heteroarylalkoxy, heterocyclyl, heterocycloalkylenyl, amino, alkylamino, (aryl, alkenyl) amino and in the case of dialkylenyl) amino alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl and heterocyclyl, oxo, provided that when R4 is a substituted alkyl group and the substituent contains a heteroatom linked directly to the alkyl group, then the alkyl group contains at least two carbon atoms between the substituent and the oxygen atom to which Ri is attached.
For some embodiments, R4 is alkyl, aryl, or arylalkylenyl. For some of these embodiments, R4 is methyl.
For some embodiments, Rf is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkylenyl, aryloxyalkylenyl, alkylaryllenyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkylenyl, heteroaryloxyalkylenyl, alkylheteroaryllenyl and heterocyclyl, where the groups are alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, arylalkylenylenyl, arylalkenylenyl, and arylalkylenylalkylenyl a heterocycle may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents independently selected from the group consisting of: alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxyalkyl, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, halogen, nitro, hydroxy, mercapto, cyano, aryl, aryloxy, arylalkyleneoxy, heteroaryl, heteroaryloxy, heteroarylalkyleneoxy, heterocyclyl, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, (dialkylenylamino) alkylenylamino alkynyl and heterocycle, oxo.
For some embodiments, R5 is selected from the group consisting of:
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0051.tif" />
(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>and</sub>A (CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>b</sub> —N— C (R<sub>7</sub>) —N— S (O)<sub>2</sub>
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0052.tif" />
For some embodiments, R5 is selected from the group consisting of:
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0053.tif" />
For some embodiments, Re is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, alkyl, and aralkylene. For some embodiments, Re is hydrogen.
For some embodiments, R7 is selected from the group consisting of: = 0 and = S. For some embodiments, R7 is = 0.
For some embodiments, R<sub>8</sub> is C2-7 alkylene.
For some embodiments, R9 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, and aralkylene. For some embodiments, R9 is hydrogen.
For some embodiments <sup>d; D</sup> with which nitrogen is related - NA (CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>b</sub>
R<sub>9</sub> can combine to form the group 'For some embodiments, A is -0- and each za and b is an integer 2.
For some embodiments, Rio is Cs-<sub>8</sub> alkylene.
For some embodiments, Rn is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen, Ci. walkyl, C2-10 alkenyl , C1-10 alkoxyC2-10 alkenyl , and arylCi-10 alkenyl .
For some embodiments, R12 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl.
For some embodiments, A is selected from the group consisting of: -CH (R<sub>6</sub>) -, 0-, -N (R6) -, -N (Y-R4) - and -N (XN (R6) -YR.i) -. For some embodiments, A is -0-. For some embodiments, A is -O-, -N (R<sub>6</sub>) -, -N (Y-R4) - or N (XN (R6) -Y-R4) -.
For some embodiments, A 'is selected from the group consisting of: -CH<sub>2</sub>-, -0-, C (0), -S (0) o-2- and -N (R4 ') -. For some embodiments, A 'is -O- or -N (R4').
For some embodiments, Q is selected from the group consisting of: a bond, C (R<sub>7</sub>) -, -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -, -S (0)<sub>2</sub>-, -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (Rh) -W-, -S (O)<sub>2</sub>-N (Rh) -, -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -O- and -C (R<sub>7</sub>) N (0R<sub>12</sub>)-.
For some embodiments, V is selected from the group consisting of: -C (R7) -, -OC (R<sub>7</sub>) -, -N (Rh) -C (R<sub>7</sub>) - and -S (0)<sub>2</sub>-.
For some embodiments, W is selected from the group consisting of: a bond, -C (0) -, and -S (0)<sub>2</sub>-.
For some embodiments, X is C2-20 alkylene. For some embodiments, X is C2-4 alkylene.
For some embodiments, X 'is selected from the group consisting of: alkylene, alkenylene, alkynylene, arylene, heteroarylene, and heterocyclylene, wherein the alkylene, alkenylene, and alkynylene groups may be optionally interrupted or terminated with an arylene, heteroarylene, or heterocyclylene, and optionally interrupted with one or more by groups -0-;
For some embodiments, X is C1-20 alkylene. For some embodiments, X is C1-4 alkylene.
-38 For some embodiments, Y is selected from the group consisting of: -C (R7) -, -C (R7) O-, -S (O)<sub>2</sub>-, -S (O) 2-N (R6) - and -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R<sub>9</sub>) -. For some embodiments, Y is -C (R7) -, -S (O) 2-, or -C (R7) -N (R9) -. For some of these embodiments, R7 is = 0. For some of these embodiments, R9 is hydrogen.
For some embodiments, Y 'is selected from the group consisting of: -S (0) o-<sub>2</sub>-, -S (O)<sub>2</sub>-N (Rn) -, -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -, -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -O-, -OC (R<sub>7</sub>) -, -0-C (0) -0-, -N (Rn) -Q-, -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (R11) -, -oC (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (Rh) -, -C (R<sub>7</sub>) -N (ORi<sub>2</sub>)-,
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0054.tif" />
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0055.tif" />
For some embodiments, Z is selected from the group consisting of: -0- and -S (0) o-<sub>2</sub>-.
For some embodiments, Z 'is a bond or -O-. For some embodiments, Z 'is a bond.
For some embodiments, a and b are integers from 1 to 4 independently.
For some embodiments when A is -O-, -N (R6) -, -N (Y-R4) -, or -N (XN (Re) -Y-R4) -, then a and b are integers independently from 2 to 4.
For some embodiments, c and d are independently integers from 1 to 6. For some embodiments, c + d <7. For some embodiments, A 'is -0-, acid are independently integers from 2 to 4. For some embodiments, A 'is -N (R4') -, acid are independently integers from 2 to 4.
For some embodiments, m is O or 1. For some embodiments, m is 0. For some embodiments, m is 1. For some embodiments, when m is 1, n is 0, 1, or 2. For some embodiments, when m is is 1, p is 0, 1 or 2.
For some embodiments, m is 1 and n is 0.
For some embodiments, m is 1 and n is 1.
For some embodiments, m is 1 and n is 2.
For some embodiments, m is 1 and p is 0.
For some embodiments, m is 1 and p is 1.
For some embodiments, m is 1 and p is 2.
For some embodiments, n is an integer from 0 to 4. For some embodiments, n is 0. For some embodiments, n is 0, 1, or 2.
For some embodiments, p is an integer from 0 to 3. For some embodiments, p is 0. For some embodiments, p is 0, 1, or 2.
For some embodiments, m is 0 and n is 0.
For some embodiments, m is 0 and p is 0.
As used herein, the terms "alkyl," "alkenyl," "alkynyl," and the prefix "alk-" include both straight chain, branched and cyclic groups, eg, cycloalkyl and cycloalkenyl. Unless otherwise stated, these groups contain 1 to 20 carbon atoms, with alkenyl groups containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms and alkynyl groups containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms. In some embodiments, these groups have a total of up to 10 carbon atoms, up to 8 carbon atoms, up to 6 carbon atoms, or up to 4 carbon atoms. Cyclic groups can be monocyclic or polycyclic and preferably contain 3 to 10 ring carbon atoms. Exemplary cyclic groups include cyclopropyl, cyclopropylmethyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, adamantyl, and substituted and unsubstituted bomyl, norbomyl, and norbornenyl.
Unless otherwise specified, "alkylene", "- alkylene -", "alkenylene", "- alkenylene-", "alkynylene" and "alkynylene" are the divalent forms of the "alkyl", "alkenyl" and "alkenyl" groups as defined above. "Alkynyl". The terms "alkenyl", "alkenylenyl", and "alkynylene" are used when "alkylene", "alkenylene", and "alkynylene", respectively, are substituted. For example, an aralkylene group has a "alkylene" moiety to which the aryl group is attached.
The term "haloalkyl" includes alkyl groups which are substituted with one or more halogen atoms, including perfluorinated groups. This also applies to other groups that contain the "halo -" prefix. Examples of suitable haloalkyl groups are chloromethyl, trifluoromethyl and the like.
The term "aryl" as used herein includes carbocyclic aromatic rings or ring systems. Examples of aryl groups are phenyl, naphthyl, biphenyl, fluorenyl and indenyl.
The term "heteroatom" refers to O, S or N atoms.
The term "heteroaryl" includes aromatic rings or ring systems containing at least one ring heteroatom (ie, O, S, N). In some embodiments, the term "heteroaryl" includes a ring or ring system containing 2 to 12 carbon atoms, 1 to 3 rings, 1 to 4 heteroatoms, and O, S, and / or N as heteroatoms. Suitable heteroaryl groups include furyl, thienyl, pyridyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolines, indolyl, isoindolyl, triazolyl, pyrrolyl, tetrazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, carbazolyl, benzidinylazinyl, benzidyrimoxazinyl, benzidinylazinyl, benzothiazolyl, benzothiazolyl isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, purinyl, quinazolinyl,
-40 pyrazinyl, 1-oxidopyridyl, pyridazinyl, triazinyl, tetrazinyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl and the like.
The term "heterocycle" includes non-aromatic rings or ring systems that contain at least one ring heteroatom (ie, O, S, N), and include all fully saturated and partially unsaturated derivatives of the aforementioned heteroaryl groups. In some embodiments, the term "heterocycle" includes a ring or ring system containing 2 to 12 carbon atoms, 1 to 3 rings, 1 to 4 heteroatoms, and O, S, and N as heteroatoms. Exemplary heterocyclic groups include pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, 1,1-dioxothiomorpholinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, thiazolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, isothiazolidinyl, tetrahydropyranyl, quinuclidinyl, homopiperazinyl, homopiperidinyl, 1, 4-azepyridinyl, homo-piperidinyl, 1-azepyridinyl, 3-dioxolanyl, aziridinyl, azetidinyl, dihydroisoquinoline- (177) -yl, octahydroisoquinoline (IZZ) -yl, dihydroquinoline- (2J7) -yl, octahydroquinoline- (2J7) -yl, dihydro-1H-imidazolyl, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] non-3-yl and the like.
The term "heterocycle" includes bicyclic and tricyclic heterocyclic ring systems. Such ring systems include fused rings and / or bridging rings and spiro rings. Fused rings can include, in addition to a saturated or partially saturated ring, an aromatic ring, for example a benzene ring. Spiro rings include two rings connected by one spiro atom and three rings connected by two spiro atoms.
When a "heterocycle" contains a nitrogen atom, the point of attachment of the heterocycle may be through the nitrogen atom.
The terms "arylene", "heteroarylene" and "heterocyclylene" denote the bivalent forms of the "aryl" "heteroaryl" groups as defined above! "Heterocycle". The terms "arylenyl," "heteroaryllenyl," and "heterocyclylenyl" are used when "arylene," "heteroarylene," and "heterocyclylene", respectively, are substituted. For example, an alkylaryllenyl group has an arylene moiety to which the alkyl group is attached.
When a group (or substituent or variable) occurs more than one time in any of the formulas described herein, each group (or substituent or variable) is selected independently whether explicitly stated or not. For example, for the pattern -N (Ri<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub> each Rn group is independently selected. In another example, when both the Ri and R groups<sub>2</sub> contains a Re group, each Re group is independently selected. In an additional example, kiedv present iest - N — C (R.<sub>7</sub>) —N — C (R<sub>7</sub>)<sub>8</sub><sup>r</sup>= more than one group (i.e. both R5 and R5 'contain a group), each R group<sub>8</sub> is independently selected and each R.<sub>7</sub> is chosen independently.
The invention relates to the compounds described herein (including intermediates) in any pharmaceutically acceptable form, including isomers (e.g., diastereomers and enantiomers), salts, solvates, polymorphs. If the compound is optically active, the invention relates to
Especially each of the enantiomers of the compound as well as mixtures of racemic enantiomers. It is understood that the term "compound" includes any or all of such forms whether specifically indicated or not (although "salts" are sometimes expressly identified).
Preparation of compounds
The compounds of the invention can be synthesized by synthetic routes which include processes analogous to those well known in the chemical art, particularly in light of the description contained herein. Starting materials are typically available from commercial sources such as Aldrich Chemicals (Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA) or are prepared by methods well known to those skilled in the art (e.g., prepared by methods described generally in Louis F. Fieser and Mary Fieser, Reagents for Organic Synthesis, v. 1-19, Wiley, New York, (1967-1999 ed.); Alan R. Katritsky, Otto Meth-Cohn, Charles W. Rees, Comprehensive Organic Functional Group Transformations, v 1-6, Pergamon Press, Oxford, England, (1995); Barry M. Trost and Ian Fleming, Comprehensive Organic Synthesis, v. 1-8, Pergamon Press, Oxford, England, (1991); or Beilsteins Handbuch der organischen Chemie, 4, Aufl. Ed. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany, with supplements (also available via Beilstein's online database).
For illustrative purposes, the following reaction schemes illustrate potential routes for synthesizing the compounds of the invention as well as basic intermediates. A more detailed description of the individual reaction steps is described below in the EXAMPLES section. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other synthetic routes may be used to synthesize the compounds of the invention. While certain starting materials and reagents are shown and discussed in the following reaction schemes, they are freely substitutable with other starting materials and reagents to obtain various derivatives and / or reaction conditions. Moreover, many of the compounds obtained by the methods described below can be further modified in light of the invention using conventional methods well known to those skilled in the art.
Conventional separation and purification methods and techniques can be used to isolate the compounds of the invention as well as their various pharmaceutically acceptable salts and related intermediates. Such techniques may include, for example, all types of chromatography (high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), column chromatography using conventional absorbents such as silica gel and thin layer chromatography), recrystallization, and differential (i.e. liquid-liquid) extraction.
The compounds of the invention can be prepared according to reaction scheme I, where R, Ri, R<sub>2</sub> in is defined above.
In step (1) of reaction scheme I, 4-chloro-3-nitroquinoline of formula XX is reduced to 3-amino-4-chloroquinoline of formula XXI. The reduction may be carried out using a conventional heterogeneous hydrogenation catalyst such as platinum on carbon or palladium on carbon. For some compounds of formula XX, for example compounds, v
Where R is halogen, a platinum catalyst is preferred. The reaction may conveniently be carried out in a Parr apparatus in a suitable solvent such as toluene and / or isopropanol. Many compounds of the formula XX are known or can be prepared by known synthetic methods, see for example US 4,689,338; 5,175,296; 5,367,076; and 5,389,640; and documents cited therein. Some compounds of formula XXI are known. For example, 3-amino-4-chloroquinoline, 3-amino-4,5-dichloroquinoline, and 3-amino-4,7-dichloroquinoline were obtained according to Surrey et al., Journal of the American ChemicalSociety, 73, pp. 2413-2416 (1951) .
Other reduction processes may be used for the reduction in step (1). For example, an aqueous sodium dithionite solution may be added to a solution or suspension of a compound of Formula XX in a suitable solvent such as ethanol or isopropanol. The reaction may be carried out at elevated temperatures, for example at reflux or at ambient temperature.
In step (2) of Reaction Scheme I, a 3-amino-4-chloroquinoline of formula XXI is reacted with an acyl halide of formula R<sub>2</sub>C (O) C1 or R<sub>2</sub>C (O) Br to give the 7V- (4-chloroquinoline-3-yl) amide of formula XXII. The acyl halide is added to a solution of the compound of formula XXI in a suitable solvent such as anhydrous dichloromethane, optionally in the presence of a base such as triethylamine. The reaction can be carried out at reduced temperature, for example 0 ° C, or at ambient temperature. For compounds in which R.<sub>2</sub> represents hydrogen, the compound of formula XXI may be reacted with a formylating agent such as, for example, diethoxymethyl acetate. Alternatively, compounds wherein R.<sub>2</sub> is hydrogen can be prepared with amidines such as A '- (4-chloroquinoline-3-yl) -A, adimethylimidoformamide.
In step (3) of reaction scheme I, an A- (4-chloroquinoline-3-yl) amide of formula XXII is reacted with hydroxylamine hydrochloride of formula RiONH<sub>2</sub>HCl and cyclized to give 1Himidazo [4,5-c] quinoline of Formula XXIII. Hydroxylamine hydrochloride is added to a solution of the compound of formula XXII in an alcohol solvent. The reaction may be carried out at elevated temperature, for example reflux temperature. For example, the compound of formula XXII and hydroxylamine are heated under reflux in ethanol. Certain hydroxylamine hydrochlorides of the formula RiONH<sub>2</sub>HCl are commercially available, others can be obtained by known synthetic methods.
In step (4) of reaction scheme I, l / 7-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline of formula XXIII is oxidized to the A-oxide of formula XXIV using an oxidizing agent capable of forming Y-oxides. The reaction is carried out by treating a solution of a compound of formula XXIII in a suitable solvent such as chloroform or dichloromethane with 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid at ambient temperature.
In step (5) of Reaction Scheme I, the A-oxide of Formula XXIV is amined to give 1Himidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine of Formula XXV, which is a subcategory of compounds of Formulas I, II and IV. Step (5) can be carried out by activating the N -oxide of formula XXIV by conversion to an ester followed by reacting the ester with an amination agent. Suitable activating agents include alkyl or arylsulfonyl chlorides (e.g. chloride
-43 benzenesulfonyl, methanesulfonyl chloride and p-toluenesulfonyl chloride). Suitable amination agents include ammonia (e.g. as ammonium hydroxide) and ammonium salts (e.g. ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium phosphate). The reaction can be carried out by dissolving a compound of formula XXIV in a suitable solvent such as chloroform, adding ammonium hydroxide to the solution, and then adding benzenesulfonyl chloride. The product or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be isolated by conventional methods.
Alternatively, the oxidation of step (4) and the amination of step (5) may be performed sequentially without isolating the oxidation product to provide the 1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine of formula XXV. In step (4), after reacting 1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline of formula XXIII with 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid as described in step (4), the amination and arylation agents will be added to the reaction mixture as in step (5) ). The product or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be isolated by conventional methods.
Alternatively, step (5) may be carried out by reacting an A-oxide of formula XXIV with trichloroacetyl isocyanate followed by hydrolysis of the resulting intermediate to provide a 1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine of formula XXV. The reaction is conveniently carried out in two steps by (i) adding trichloroacetyl isocyanate to a solution of the A-oxide of formula XXIV in a solvent such as dichloromethane and stirring at ambient temperature to obtain an isolable amide intermediate. In step (ii), a solution of the intermediate in methanol is treated with a base such as sodium methoxide at ambient temperature. The product or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be isolated by conventional methods.
Reaction scheme I
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(3)
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Xxv. XXIV XXIII
The compounds of the invention can be prepared according to reaction scheme II, where R, Ri, R<sub>2</sub> and M as defined above; E is carbon (imidazoquinoline ring) or nitrogen (imidazonaphthyridine ring); n is an integer from 0 to 4 (ring
-44 imidazoquinoline) or 0 to 3 (imidazonaphthyridine ring) provided that when m is 1, n is 0 or 1; and D is -Br, -I, or -OCH<sub>2</sub>Ph; where Ph is phenyl. In step (1) of Reaction Scheme II, an aniline or aminopyridine of formula XXVI is treated with a condensation product prepared from 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione (Meldrum's acid) and tri-ethyl orthoformate to obtain imines of formula XXVII. The reaction is conveniently carried out by adding an aniline or aminopyridine solution of formula XXVI to a heated mixture of Meldrum's acid and triethyl orthoformate and heating the reaction mixture at elevated temperature. Many anilines and aminopyridines of Formula XXVI are commercially available; others can be obtained by known synthetic methods. For example, benzyloxypyridines of formula XXVI can be prepared using the method of Holladay et al., Biorg. Med. Chem. Lett, 8, pp. 2797-2802, (1998).
In step (2) of Reaction Scheme II, the imine of formula XXVII is thermolyzed and cyclized to give [1,5] naphthyridin-4-ol or quinolin-4-ol of formula XXVIII. The reaction is conveniently carried out in an environment such as a DOWTHERM A heating and cooling fluid at a temperature between 200 and 250 ° C.
In step (3) of Reaction Scheme II, [1,5] naphthyridin-4-ol or quinolin-4-ol of formula XXVIII is nitrated under conventional nitration conditions to give 3-nitro [1,5] naphthyridin -4ol or 3- nitroquinolin-4-ol of formula XXIX. The reaction is conveniently carried out by adding nitric acid to the compound of formula XXVIII in a suitable solvent such as propionic acid and heating the mixture to an elevated temperature.
In step (4) of Reaction Scheme II, the 3-nitro [1,5] naphthyridin-4-ol or 3-nitroquinolin-4-ol of formula XXIX is reduced to give 3-amino [1,5] naphthyridin-4-ol or 3-aminoquinolin-4-ol of the formula XXX. The reduction can be carried out using the methods described in step (1) of the reaction scheme (I).
In step (5) of Reaction Scheme II, 3-amino [1,5] naphthyridin-4-ol or 3-aminoquinolin-4-ol of formula XXX is chlorinated using conventional chlorination reactions to give 3-amino-4-chloro [ 1,5] naphthyridine or 3-amino-4-chloroquinoline of formula XXXI. The reaction is conveniently carried out by treating the compound of Formula XXX with phosphorus oxychloride in a suitable solvent such as N-dimethylformamide (DMF). The reaction can be carried out at ambient temperature or at elevated temperature such as 100 ° C.
In step (6) of Reaction Scheme II, 3-amino-4-chloro [1,5] naphthyridine or 3-amino-4-chloroquinoline of formula XXXI is reacted with an acyl halide of formula R<sub>2</sub>C (O) C1 or R<sub>2</sub>C (O) Br to give the 7V- (4-chloro [1,5] naphthyridin-3-yl) amide or N - (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) amide of formula XXXII. The reaction can be carried out by the methods described in step (2) of reaction scheme I.
In step (7) of Reaction Scheme II, the 7V- (4-chloro [1,5] naphthyridin-3-yl) amide or the A- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) amide of formula XXXII is reacted with hydroxylamine hydrochloride of formula RiONH<sub>2</sub>HCl and cyclized to give 1/7-imidazo [4,5-c] [1,5] naphthyridine or 1Himidazo [4,5-c] quinoline of formula XXXIII. The reaction can be carried out by the methods described in step (3) of reaction scheme I.
In steps (8) and (9) of Reaction Scheme II, N -imidazo [4,5-c] [1,5] naphthyridine or 1Himidazo [4,5-c] quinoline of formula XXXIII is oxidized to give A an oxide of formula XXXIV followed by amination to give 1J H -imidazo [4,5-c] [1,5] naphthyridin-4-amine or a 1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine of formula XXXV, which is a sub-category of compounds of formula II. The reactions can be carried out by the methods described in steps (4) and (5) of Reaction Scheme I, and the product or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be isolated by conventional methods.
For some embodiments, the compounds in Reaction Scheme II can be further elaborated by known synthetic methods. For example, the acid chloride in step (6) of Reaction Scheme II may contain a protected hydroxy or amino group. Some of these chlorides, for example acetoxyacetyl chloride, are commercially available. Others can be obtained by known synthetic methods. The protected hydroxy or amino group can be deprotected and additional functionalities introduced in step (8) of Reaction Scheme II. Examples of this kind of functionalisation of the R group<sub>2</sub> - see US 5,389,640 (Gerster et al.).
Reaction scheme II
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XXXV
Compounds of the invention can be prepared according to reaction scheme III, where R, Ri, R<sub>2</sub> and n is as defined above, Hal is Br or I and Rs<sub>and</sub> is defined below. Formula XXXVa is a subcategory of Formula XXXV where D is Br or I. Compounds of Formula XXXVa can be prepared by the method of Reaction Scheme II.
The synthesis of Scheme III can be performed using known palladium catalyzed coupling reactions such as Suzuki coupling, Stille coupling, Sonogashira coupling and Heck reaction. For example, U1 -imidazo [4,5-c] [1,5] naphthyridin-4-amine or U7-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine of formula XXXVa undergoes Suzuki coupling with boric acid of formula R3<sub>and</sub>-B (OH)<sub>2</sub>, its anhydride or boric ester of formula R3<sub>and</sub>-B (O-alkyl)<sub>2</sub>to give U 1 -imidazo [4,5-c] [1,5] naphthyridin-4-amine or al / Z-imidazo [4,5c] quinoline-4-amine of formula XXXVI, subcategory of formula II, wherein R<sub>3a</sub> means -Z'-Ra ', -Ζ'-Χ'-Ra', -Z'-X'-Y'-Ra 'or -Z'-X'-R<sub>5</sub>'; -Z 'is a bond;
-X'- is alkenylene, arylene, heteroarylene, or alkenylene optionally terminated with an arylene or heteroarylene; and Ra ', Y and R5' are as defined above. The coupling is performed by combining the compound of formula XXXVa with boric acid or an ester or anhydride thereof in the presence of palladium (II) acetate, triphenylphosphine and a base such as sodium carbonate in a suitable solvent such as n-propanol. The reaction can be carried out at elevated temperature (e.g. 80-100 ° C). Many boric acids of the formula R3 are commercially available<sub>and</sub>-B (OH)<sub>2</sub>, their anhydrides and boric acid esters of formula R3<sub>and</sub>B (O-alkyl)<sub>2</sub>; others can be readily obtained by known synthetic methods. See, for example, Li, W. et al, J Org. Chem., 67, 5394-5397 (2002). The product of Formula XXXVI or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be isolated by conventional methods.
The Heck reaction can also be used in Reaction Scheme III to obtain compounds of formula XXXVI where R3<sub>and</sub> means -Ζ'-Χ '- ^' l<sub>at</sub>b -Z'-X'-Y'-R<sub>4</sub>'; -Z 'is a bond; X'- is alkenylene optionally terminated with an arylene or heteroarylene; and R<sub>4</sub>'and Y are defined above. The Heck reaction is carried out by coupling 1 / Z-imidazo [4,5c] [1,5] naphthyridin-4-amine or a U7-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine of formula XXXVa with a vinyl substituted arylene or a heteroarylene compound. Several vinyl substituted arylene or heteroarylene compounds are commercially available such as 2-vinylpyridine, 3-vinylpyridine and 4-vinylpyridine; others can be obtained by known methods. The reaction is conveniently carried out by combining 1Z-imidazo [4,5c] [1,5] naphthyridin-4-amine or U7-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine of formula XXXVa and a vinyl substituted compound in the presence of palladium acetate (II), triphenylphosphine or tri-orthotolylphosphine and a base such as triethylamine in a suitable solvent such as acetonitrile or toluene. The reaction can be carried out at elevated temperatures such as 100-120 ° C under an inert atmosphere. The product or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be isolated by conventional methods.
Reaction scheme III
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The compounds of the invention can be prepared according to reaction scheme IV, where R<sub>AND</sub>i, Rbi, Ri and R.<sub>2</sub> as defined above and PMB is para-methoxybenzyl. In step (1) of Reaction Scheme IV, 2,4-dichloro-3-nitropyridine of formula XXXVII is reacted with hydroxylamine hydrochloride of formula RiONH<sub>2</sub>HCl to give N- (2-chloro-3-nitropyridin-4-yl) hydroxylamine of formula XXXVIII. The reaction may be carried out by combining the hydroxylamine with a compound of formula XXXVII in the presence of a base such as triethylamine in an inert solvent such as DMF. The reaction can be carried out at elevated temperature (about 80 ° C). Many 2,4-dichloro-3-nitropyridines of formula XXXVII are known and can be readily prepared by known synthetic methods. (See, e.g., Dellaria et al, US Patent No. 6,525,064 and the references cited therein.)
In step (2) of Reaction Scheme IV, V- (2-chloro-3-nitropyridin-4-yl) hydroxylamine of formula XXXVIII is reacted with β. S- (4-methoxybenzyl) amine to give V- {2- [Z > z 5- (4-methoxybenzyl) amino] -3-nitropyridin-4-yl} hydroxylamine of formula XXXIX. The reaction can be carried out by adding Z> zs- (4-methoxybenzyl) amine to a solution of the compound of formula XXXVIII in a suitable solvent such as toluene in the presence of a base such as triethylamine. The reaction can be carried out at elevated temperature (about 90 ° C).
In step (3) of Reaction Scheme IV, V- {2- [Z> zs- (4-methoxybenzyl) amino] -3-nitropyridin-4-yl} hydroxylamine of formula XXXIX is reduced to give N- {3-amino- 2- [Z> zs- (4-methoxybenzyl) amino] pyridin-4-yl} hydroxylamine of formula XL.
The reduction can be carried out by treatment with the compound of formula XXXIX with NiBFU. Ν1ΒΗ4 is generated in situ by adding sodium borohydride to a mixture of nickel (II) chloride heptahydrate and methanol. A solution of the compound of formula XXXIX in a suitable solvent such as 9: 2 methanol: dichloromethane is then added to the catalyst. The reaction can be carried out at ambient temperature.
In step (4) of Reaction Scheme IV, V- {3-amino-2- [Z> zs- (4-methoxybenzyl) amino] pyridin-4-ylhydroxylamine of formula XL is reacted with an acyl halide of formula R<sub>2</sub>C (O) C1 or R<sub>2</sub>C (O) Br to give the V- (pyridin-3-yl) amide of formula XLI. The reaction can be carried out as described in step (2) of reaction scheme I.
In step (5) of Reaction Scheme IV, the V- (pyridin-3-yl) amide of formula XLI is cyclized to give U7-imidazo [4,5-c] pyridine of formula XLII. The reaction can be carried out by heating the amide of formula XLI in toluene in the presence of pyridine hydrochloride. Reactions
-48 can be carried out at elevated temperature, for example reflux temperature.
In step (6) of Reaction Scheme IV, the 4-methoxybenzyl groups on the lH-imidazo [4,5-c] pyridine of formula XLII are removed by acidic hydrolysis to give the lH-imidazo [4,5-c] pyridines -4-amine of formula III. The reaction can be carried out by treating a compound of formula XLII with trifluoroacetic acid. The reaction can be carried out at ambient temperature. The product or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be isolated by conventional methods.
Reaction scheme IV
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III
The compounds of the invention can be prepared according to reaction scheme V, where R, R<sub>b</sub> R<sub>2</sub> and n are as defined above, and each R.<sub>and</sub> is independently alkyl. Steps (1) to (4) can be carried out as described in US 5,352,784 and the documents cited therein. In step (1), the amino group of a compound of formula XLIII can be acylated to provide a compound of formula XLIV. The reaction may conveniently be carried out by reacting a compound of formula XLIII with
Alkyl malonyl chloride with a base such as triethylamine in a suitable solvent such as dichloromethane. Some compounds of formula XLIII are commercially available and others can be prepared as described in US Patent No. 5,352,784 and documents cited therein. Alkyl malonyl chlorides are known, some of them are commercially available and others can be prepared by known methods.
In step (2) of Reaction Scheme V, the compound of Formula XLIV may cyclize to provide a compound of Formula XLV. The reaction may conveniently be carried out by adding a solution of the compound of Formula XLIV in a suitable solvent such as tetrahydrofuran (THF) to a slurry of sodium hydride (or other base capable of removing the methylene malonyl proton) in a suitable solvent such as THF. The reaction may be carried out at elevated temperature, for example reflux temperature.
In step (3) of Reaction Scheme V, the compound of Formula XLV may be hydrolyzed to provide the compound of Formula XLVI. The reaction can be carried out by conventional methods, for example by combining a compound of Formula XLV with an acid such as hydrochloric acid while heating.
In step (4) of Reaction Scheme V, a compound of Formula XLVI can be nitrated to form a compound of Formula XLVII. The reaction may be carried out under conventional nitration conditions such as heating a compound of Formula XLVI in the presence of nitric acid, preferably in a solvent such as acetic acid.
In step (5) of Reaction Scheme V, a compound of Formula XLVII can be chlorinated to provide 2,4-dichloro-3-nitro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline of Formula XLVIII. The reaction can be carried out by combining a compound of Formula XLVII with a conventional chlorinating agent (e.g., phosphorus oxychloride, thionyl chloride, phosgene, oxalite chloride, or phosphorus pentachloride), optionally in a solvent such as N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) or dichloromethane, with heating ( e.g. at reflux temperature).
In step (6) of Reaction Scheme V, 2,4-dichloro-3-nitro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline of formula XLVIII is reduced to give 3-amino-2,4-dichloro-5,6,7 , 8-tetrahydroquinoline of formula XLIX. The reduction can be carried out by the methods described in step (1) of reaction scheme I.
In step (7) of reaction scheme V, 3-amino-2,4-dichloro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline of formula XLIX reacts with an acyl halide of formula R<sub>2</sub>C (O) C1 or R<sub>2</sub>C (O) Br to give the 7V- (4-chloro5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinolin-3-yl) amide of formula L. The reaction can be carried out as described in step (2) of reaction scheme I.
In step (8) of reaction scheme V, A- (4-chloro-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinolin-3-yl) amide of formula L is reacted with hydroxylamine hydrochloride of formula RiONH<sub>2</sub>HCl and cyclized to give 4-chloro-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-U / -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline of formula L1. The reaction can be carried out as described in step (3) of reaction scheme I.
In step (9) of reaction scheme V, 4-chloro-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-U N -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline of formula LI is amined to give 6,7,8,9- tetrahydro-U 1 -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine o
Formula V. The reaction may be carried out by heating (e.g., 125-175 ° C) a compound of Formula LI under pressure in a sealed reactor in the presence of a solution of ammonia in an alkanol. The product or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be isolated by conventional methods.
Reaction scheme V
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Compounds of the invention can be prepared according to reaction scheme VI, where R, Ri, R<sub>2</sub>, D, E, m and n are as defined above.
In step (1) of reaction scheme VI, 3-amino [1,5] naphthyridin-4-ol or 3-aminoquinolin-4-ol of formula XXX is reacted with an acyl halide of formula R<sub>2</sub>C (O) C1 or R<sub>2</sub>C (O) Br to give / V- (4-hydroxy [1,5] naphthyridin-3-yl) amide or V- (4-hydroxyquinolin-3-yl) amide of formula LVIII. The reaction can be carried out as described in step (2) of reaction scheme I.
In step (2) of Reaction Scheme VI, N V- (4-hydroxy [1,5] naphthyridin-3-yl) amide or / V- (4-hydroxyquinolin-3-yl) amide of formula LVIII is reacted with a trifluoromethanesulfonating agent such as V-phenyl-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonamide) to give [1,5] naphthyridin-3-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate or quinolin-3-yl triflate of formula LIX. A mixture of a compound of formula LVIII, a trifluoromethanesulfonating agent, a base such as triethylamine and an inert solvent such as DMF is heated to an elevated temperature such as 75 ° C.
In step (3) of Reaction Scheme VI, [1,5] naphthyridin-3-yl triflate or quinoline-3-yl triflate of formula LIX is reacted with hydroxylamine hydrochloride of formula RiONH<sub>2</sub>HCl and cyclized to give 1 H -imidazo [4,5c] [1,5] naphthyridine or a 177-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline of formula XXXIII. The reaction can be carried out as described in step (3) of reaction scheme I.
In steps (4) and (5) of reaction scheme VI, 1/7 -imidazo | 4,5-c] | 1,5] naphthyridine or 1 / 7imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline of formula XXXIII is oxidized to give the V-oxide of formula XXXIV and then amined to give 1/7-imidazo [4,5-c] | 1,5] naphthyridin-4-amine or 1/7 imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine of Formula XXXV, which is a subcategory of Formula I and II. The reactions can be carried out by the methods described in steps (4) and (5) of Reaction Scheme I, and the product or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be isolated by conventional methods.
Reaction scheme VI
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<img file="PL1789042T3_D0068.tif" />
Compounds of the invention can be prepared according to reaction scheme VII, where R, R<sub>2</sub>, R4, D, E, X, Y, min are as defined above and Boc is tert-butoxycarbonyl.
In step (1) of reaction scheme VII, the 7V- (4-chloro [1,5] naphthyridin-3-yl) amide or the 7V- (4-chloroquinoline-3-yl) amide of formula XXXII is reacted with a hydroxylamine of formula Boc-CH<sub>2</sub>X-CH<sub>2</sub>-ONH<sub>2</sub> and undergoes cyclization to give 1J H -imidazo [4,5-c] [1,5] naphthyridine or 1Himidazo [4,5-c] quinoline of formula LX. The reaction can be carried out as described in step (3) of reaction scheme I.
Hydroxylamine of the formula Boc-CH<sub>2</sub>-X-CH<sub>2</sub>-ONH<sub>2</sub> can be obtained by conventional methods.
In step (2) of Reaction Scheme VII, the tert-butoxycarbonyl protecting group is removed under acidic conditions, giving the amino substituted 1J H -imidazo [4,5-c] [1,5] naphthyridine or 1 JH -imidazo [4,5- c] a quinoline of formula LXI. For example, a compound of formula LX can be combined with a solution of hydrogen chloride in ethanol and heated.
In step (3) of Reaction Scheme VII, the amino substituted LH-imidazo [4,5-c] [1,5] naphthyridine or U -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline of formula LXI is converted to a substituted I / Z -imidazo [4,5c] [1,5] naphthyridine or 11H -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline of formula LXII by conventional methods. For example, 1J / -imidazo [4,5-c] [1,5] naphthyridine or N -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline of formula LXI can be reacted with an acid chloride of formula R4C (O) C1 to give the compound of Formula LXII, wherein Y is -C (O) -. Additionally, a compound of formula LXI can react with a sulfonyl chloride of formula R4S (O)<sub>2</sub>C1 or a sulfonic anhydride of formula (R4S (O)<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>O to give a compound of formula LXII where Y is -S (O)<sub>2</sub>-. The compound of formula LXI may also react with a chloroformate of formula R4CO (O) C1 to give a compound of formula LXII where Y is -C (O) -O-. Many acid chlorides of formula R4C (O) C1, sulfonyl chlorides of formula R4S (O) are commercially available<sub>2</sub>C1, sulfonic anhydrides of formula (R4S (O)<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>O and chloroformates of the formula R4CO (O) C1; others can be directly obtained by known synthetic methods. The reaction may conveniently be carried out by adding an acid chloride of formula R4C (O) C1, a chloroformate of formula R4CO (O) C1, a sulfonyl chloride of formula R4S (O)<sub>2</sub>C1 or a sulfonic anhydride of formula (R4S (O)<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>O to a solution of a compound of formula LXI and a base such as triethylamine in a suitable solvent such as chloroform, dichloromethane, or acetonitrile. The reaction can be carried out at ambient temperature or at a temperature below ambient temperature such as 0 ° C.
Ureas of formula LXII, where Y is -C (R7) -N (R9) -, where R<sub>7</sub> is = 0 and R9 as defined above can be obtained by reacting a compound of formula LXI with isocyanates of formula R4N = C = 0. Many isocyanates having the formula R4N = C = 0 are commercially available; others can be readily obtained by known synthetic methods. The reaction may conveniently be carried out by adding an isocyanate of formula R4N = C = 0 to a cooled solution of a compound of formula LXI in a suitable solvent such as dichloromethane or chloroform. Optionally, a base such as triethylamine can be added. The reaction can be carried out at ambient temperature or at a temperature below ambient temperature, such as
- 53 like 0 ° C. Alternatively, a compound of formula LXI may be treated with carbamoyl chlorides of formula R4N- (R<sub>9</sub>) -C (O) C1 or the formula ° / - (CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>a></sub> cc-Ń <sub>AND</sub><sup>X</sup>(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>b</sub>->
where A, a and b are as defined above.
Thioureas of formula LXII where Y is -C (R7) -N (R<sub>9</sub>) - where R.<sub>7</sub> is -S and R.<sub>9 </sub>is H, can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula LXI with thioisocyanates of formula R4N = C = S under the conditions described above for the reaction of a compound of formula LXI with isocyanates.
Sulfamides of formula LXII, where Y is -S (O) 2-N (R6) -, wherein Rs is as defined above, can be prepared by reacting a compound of formula LXI with sulfuryl chloride to form sulfamoyl chloride in situ, followed by reacting the chloride sulfamoyl with an amine of formula HN (Re) R4. Alternatively, sulfamides of formula LXII may be prepared by reacting a compound of formula LXI with a sulfamoyl chloride of formula R4 (R6) NS (O) 2C1 under the reaction conditions described above for the reaction of compounds of formula LXI with sulfonyl chlorides. Many amines having the formula HN (R.<sub>6</sub>) R.<sub>4</sub> and some sulfamoyl chlorides of the formula R4 (R6) NS (O) 2C1; others can be obtained by known synthetic methods.
In steps (4) and (5) of Reaction Scheme VII, 1H-imidazo [4,5-c] [1,5] naphthyridine or 1Himidazo [4,5-c] quinoline of formula LXII is oxidized to give the A-oxide of of formula LXIII followed by amination to give 177-imidazo [4,5-c] [1,5] naphthyridin-4-amine or 1Himidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine of the formula LXIV. The reactions can be carried out by the methods described in steps (4) and (5) of Reaction Scheme I, and the product or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof can be isolated by conventional methods.
Reaction scheme VII
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Compounds of the invention can also be prepared using the synthetic routes described in the following EXAMPLES.
Pharmaceutical compositions and biological activity
The pharmaceutical compositions of the invention contain a therapeutically effective amount of a compound or salt of the invention as described above in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
The terms "therapeutically effective amount" and "effective amount" mean an amount of a compound or salt sufficient to produce a therapeutic or prophylactic effect, such as cytokine induction, immunomodulation, anti-tumor effect, and / or antiviral effect. Although the exact amount of active compound or salt employed in the pharmaceutical composition of the invention will vary depending upon factors known to those skilled in the art, such as the physical and chemical properties of the compound or salt, the properties of the carrier, and the intended dosing schedule, compositions of the invention are expected to contain Sufficient active compound to provide the patient with a dose of about 100 nanograms per kilogram (ng / kg) to about 50 milligrams per kilogram (mg / kg). preferably about 10 micrograms per kilogram (pg / kg) to about 5 mg / kg of the compound or salt. Various dosage forms can be used such as tablets, lozenges, capsules, parenteral formulations, syrups, creams, ointments, sprays, transdermal patches, transmucosal patches and the like.
The compounds or salts of the invention can be administered as a single therapeutic agent in a treatment regimen, or the compounds or salts of the invention can be administered in combination with each other or with other active compounds, including additional immune response modifiers, antiviral drugs, antibiotics, antibodies, proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides, etc.
The compounds or salts according to the invention have been shown to induce and some compounds or salts according to the invention can inhibit the production of certain cytokines in experiments conducted according to the following tests. The results indicate that the compounds or salts are useful as immune response modifiers that can modulate the immune response in a variety of ways, making them useful in the treatment of a variety of diseases.
The cytokines whose production may be induced by administration of the compounds or salts of the invention typically include interferon-α (IFN-a) and / or tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), as well as some interleukins (IL). Cytokines whose biosynthesis may be induced by the compounds or salts of the invention include IFN-α, TNF-α iL-I and L-6 and IL-12 and various other cytokines. Among other activities, these and other cytokines can inhibit viral production and tumor cell growth, making these compounds or salts useful in the treatment of viral diseases and neoplastic diseases. The invention thus features a method for inducing cytokine biosynthesis in an animal comprising administering an effective amount of a compound or salt or composition of the invention to the animal. The animal that
The compound or salt or composition is administered to induce cytokine biosynthesis may suffer from a disease as described herein, for example a viral disease or neoplastic disease, and administration of the compound or salt may provide a therapeutic effect. Alternatively, the compound or salt may be administered to the animal prior to becoming sick, such that administration of the compound or salt may provide a prophylactic effect.
In addition to the ability to induce the production of cytokines, the compounds or salts of the invention can affect other aspects of the innate immune response. For example, the activity may stimulate the activity of natural cytotoxic cells, an effect which may be due to the induction of cytokines. The compounds or salts can also activate macrophages, which in turn stimulate the secretion of nitric oxide and the production of additional cytokines. In addition, the compounds or salts can cause B-cell proliferation and differentiation.
The compounds or salts of the invention may also have an effect on an acquired immune response. For example, administration of compounds or salts can indirectly induce the production of IFN-γ cytokine secreted by T helper type 1 cells (T<sub>H.</sub>I) or the production of IL-4, EL-5 and IL-13 cytokines secreted by T helper type 2 cells (T<sub>h</sub>2).
Other cytokines whose production can be inhibited by administration of compounds or salts of the invention include tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-a). Among other activities, inhibition of TNF-α production may provide a prophylactic or therapeutic effect on TNF-α-mediated diseases in animals, making the compounds or salts useful in the treatment of, for example, autoimmune diseases. The invention thus provides compounds for use in a method of inhibiting TNF-α biosynthesis in an animal, comprising administering an effective amount of a compound or salt or composition of the invention to the animal. An animal to which a compound or salt or composition is administered to inhibit TNF-α biosynthesis may suffer from a disease as described herein, for example, an autoimmune disease, and administration of the compound or salt may provide a therapeutic effect. Alternatively, the compound or salt may be administered to the animal prior to becoming sick, such that administration of the compound or salt may provide a prophylactic effect.
Whether for prophylactic or therapeutic purposes, and whether to induce innate or acquired immunity, the compound or salt of the invention may be administered alone or in combination with one or more active compounds, such as in the case of a vaccine adjuvant. When administered with other compounds, the compound or salt and the other compound or compounds may be administered separately, jointly but independently, as in solution or jointly and linked to each other, for example by (a) a covalent bond or (b) a non-covalent bond , e.g. in a colloidal suspension.
Conditions under which the compounds or salts identified herein can be used in therapy include, but are not limited to:
(a) viral diseases such as, for example, diseases due to infection by adenovirus, herpes virus (e.g. HSV-I, HSV-II, CMV or VZV), pox virus (e.g. orthopox virus such as variola or vaccinia or molluscum contagiosum) ,
- 56 picomavirus (e.g. rhinovirus or enterovirus), orthomyxovirus (e.g. influenza virus), paramyxovirus (e.g. parainfluenza virus, mumps virus, measles virus and RSV virus), coronavirus (e.g. SARS), papovavirus (e.g. such papillomaviruses, such as those causing genital warts, common or plantar warts), hepadnavirus (e.g. hepatitis B virus), fiavivirus (e.g. hepatitis C virus or dengue virus) or retrovirus (e.g. lentivirus such as HIV);
(b) battery diseases such as, for example, diseases caused by infection with bacteria, for example the species Escherichia, Enterobacter, Salmonella, Staphylococcus, Shigella, Listeria, Aerobacter, Helicobacter, Klebsiella, Proteus, Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, Pneumococcus, Neisseria, , Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Mycobacterium, Campylobacter, Vibrio, Serratia, Providencia, Chromobacterium, Brucella, Yersinia, Haemophilus or Bordetella;
(c) other infectious diseases such as chlamydia, fungal diseases including but not limited to candidiasis, aspergillosis, histoplasmosis, cryptococcal meningitis or parasitic diseases including but not limited to malaria, Pneumocystis carnii pneumonia, leishmaniasis, cryptosporidiosis, toxoplasmosis and trypanosomiasis infection;
(d) neoplastic diseases such as intraepithelial neoplasia, cervical dysplasia, actinic keratosis, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, melanoma, leukemias including, but not limited to, myeloid leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, multiple myeloma, lymphoma , skin T cell lymphoma, B cell lymphoma and hairy cell leukemia and other cancers;
(e) T.<sub>H.</sub>2-dependent atopic diseases such as atopic dermatitis or eczema, eosinophilia, asthma, allergy, allergic rhinitis and Ommen's syndrome;
(f) certain autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, essential thrombocythemia, multiple sclerosis, discoid lupus erythematosus, alopecia areata; and (g) diseases related to wound healing, for example, inhibition of keloid formation and other types of scarring (e.g., improving wound healing, including chronic wounds).
Furthermore, the compound or salt of the invention may be useful as a vaccine adjuvant for use in combination with any material that enhances the immune response of the humoral and / or cellular type, such as, for example, immunogens from live viruses, bacteria or parasites; inactivated immunogenic viruses, derived from neoplastic tissues, derived from protozoa or microorganisms, fungi or bacteria; toxoids; toxins; self antigens; polysaccharides; proteins; glycoproteins; peptides; cell vaccines; DNA vaccines; autologous vaccines; recombinant proteins; and the like, for example for use in connection with BCG, cholera, plague, typhus, hepatitis A, hepatitis
- 57 type B, hepatitis C, influenza A, influenza B, parainfluenza, polio, rabies, smallpox, mumps, rubella, yellow fever, tetanus, diphtheria, hemophilus influenza type b, tuberculosis, pneumococcal and meningococcal vaccines, adenovirus , HIV, chickenpox, cytomegalovirus, dengue, feline leukemia, avian plague virus, HSV1 and HSV-2, swine fever, Japanese encephalitis, RSV, rotavirus, papillomavirus, yellow fever and Alzheimer's disease.
The compounds or salts of the invention may be useful especially in individuals with an impaired immune system. For example, the compounds or salts can be used to treat opportunistic infections and neoplasms following suppression of cellular immunity, for example in transplant patients, cancer patients, and HIV patients.
One or more of the above diseases or disease types, for example, a viral disease or neoplastic disease, can therefore be treated in an animal in need of treatment (sick) by administering to the animal a therapeutically effective amount of a compound or salt of the invention.
An amount of a compound or salt that effectively induces or inhibits cytokine biosynthesis is an amount sufficient to cause one or more cell types such as monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells to produce an amount of one or more cytokines such as IFN- α, TNF-α, iL-I, and L-6, and L-10, and IL-12 increased (induced) or decreased (inhibited) relative to basal levels of these cytokines. The exact amount will vary depending upon factors known in the art, but is expected to be about 100 µg / kg to about 50 mg / kg, preferably about 10 µg / kg to about 5 mg / kg. The invention also features a method of treating a viral disease in an animal and a method of treating a neoplastic disease in an animal comprising administering to the animal an effective amount of a compound or salt or composition of the invention. An amount effective to treat or inhibit a viral infection is an amount that will reduce one or more symptoms of the viral infection, such as changes associated with the viral infection, viral load, viral production rate, and mortality, as compared to untreated control animals. The exact amount effective for such treatment will vary depending on factors known in the art, but is expected to be about 100 µg / kg to about 50 mg / kg, preferably about 10 µg / kg to about 5 mg / kg. An effective amount of a compound or salt to treat a neoplastic disease is an amount that will reduce the size of a tumor or the number of neoplastic lesions. The exact amount will again vary depending upon factors known in the art, but is expected to be about 100 ng / kg to about 50 mg / kg, preferably about 10 pg / kg to about 5 mg / kg.
In addition to the formulations and uses described in detail herein, other formulations, uses and delivery devices suitable for the compounds of the invention have been described, for example, in international publications WO 03/077944 and WO 02/036592, US 6,245,776 and US 2003/0139364, 2003/185835, 2004 / 0258698, 2004/0265351, 2004/076633 and 2005/0009858.
The objects and advantages of the invention are further illustrated by the following examples, but the particular materials and amounts cited in these examples, as well as other conditions and details, should not be construed as limiting the invention.
EXAMPLES
Example 1 1-Methoxy-2-propyl-1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
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Part A
Butyryl chloride (0.72 mL, 6.94 mmol, 1.2 eq.) And triethylamine (1.13 mL, 8.09 mmol, 1.4 eq.) Were added to the 3-amino-4-chloroquinoline solution ( 1.03 g, 5.78 mmol, 1.0 eq.) In anhydrous dichloromethane (25mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 3 hours and then washed sequentially with a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and brine, then dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (Silica Gel, eluting with 3% methanol in dichloromethane) to give 0.70 g of N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) butryramide.
Hi B
A solution of the material from Part A (0.70 g, 2.9 mmol, 1.0 eq.) And O-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (0.336 g, 4.0 mmol, 1.4 eq.) In ethanol (50 ml) was heated to reflux. under reflux for 2 hours and then concentrated under reduced pressure. Analysis of the residue by NMR and mass spectroscopy indicated that the reaction was approximately 30-35% complete. The residue was dissolved in ethanol (35 ml). Triethylamine (0.47ml) and O-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (0.24g) were added. The reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 2 hours, at which time analysis by high performance chromatography (HPLC) indicated no reaction occurred. An additional amount of O-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (0.5 g) was added and the reaction was heated to reflux for 1 hour, at which time HPLC analysis indicated the reaction was complete. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in dichloromethane, washed sequentially with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate, 10% sodium hydroxide and then brine, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to give 0.3 g of 1-methoxy-2-propyl-1H-imidazo. [4,5c] quinoline as a brown solid.
-59 Part C
3-Chloroperbenzoic acid (0.373 g from 75%, 2.16 mmol, 1.75 eq.) Was added to a solution of Part B material (0.3 g, 1.24 mmol, 1.0 eq.) In chloroform (50 mL) . The reaction mixture was stirred for 2 hours at which time HPLC analysis indicated the reaction was complete. The reaction mixture was cooled to 0 ° C; ammonium hydroxide (30 ml) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 15 minutes. Benzenesulfchloride (0.308 mL, 2.15 mmol, 1.95 eq.) Was added dropwise over a 2 minute period. The reaction mixture was warmed to ambient temperature and then stirred for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with 10% sodium hydroxide, and then the layers were separated. The organic layer was washed sequentially with a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution and brine, dried over magnesium sulfate, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography (Silica gel, eluting with 4% methanol in dichloromethane) then recrystallized from 1% dichloromethane and methanol / water to give 0.151 g of 1-methoxy-2-propyl-177-imidazo [4 , 5-c] quinoline-4amines as off-white needles, 210-211 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 257.09 (M + H<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: Calculated for Ci<sub>4</sub>Hi<sub>6</sub>N<sub>4</sub>Oi: C, 65.61; H, 6.29; N, 21.86. Found C, 65.32; H, 6.33; N, 22.1.
Example 2
1-Benzyloxy-2-propyl-177-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0073.tif" />
Part A
A solution of N- (4-chloroquinoline-3-yl) butyramide (3.3 g, 13 mmol, 1.0 eq.) And O-benzylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (4.23 g, 26.5 mmol, 2.0 eq.) in ethanol (150 ml) was heated to reflux for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was diluted with dichloromethane, washed with a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, dried over magnesium sulfate and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography (Silica Gel, eluting with 3% methanol in dichloromethane) to obtain 1.2 g of 1-benzyloxy-2-propyl-177-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline.
Hi B
-60 A solution of 1- (benzyloxy) -2-propyl-N-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline (2.6 g, 8.25 mmol) in dichloromethane (100 mL) was cooled to about 0 ° C, and then 3-chloroperbenzoic acid (3.6 g 77% pure material, 16 mmol) was added over a few minutes. The reaction was stirred for 10 minutes at 0 ° C, stirred for 90 minutes at room temperature, washed with a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (2x 35ml, containing 1ml of a 25% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution), dried over potassium carbonate and filtered. The resulting solution was cooled to 0 ° C and trichloroacetyl isocyanate (1.22 mL, 10.3 mmol) was added with stirring. The mixture was stirred for 15 minutes at 0 ° C, stirred for 75 minutes at room temperature, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in methanol (60ml) and sodium methoxide (6.3ml of a 25% methanol solution, 29mmol) was added with stirring. The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The resulting precipitate and the reaction mixture were cooled to about 0 ° C. The precipitate was collected by filtration, recrystallized from methanol / water, and dried overnight under vacuum at 70 ° C to provide 1.11 g of 1- (benzyloxy) -2-propyl-17'-imidazo [4 , 5c] quinoline-4-amine as white crystals, 164-166 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 333 (M + H.<sup>+</sup>); Anal. calcd for C20H20N4O: C, 72.27; H, 6.06; N, 16.85. Found C, 71.94; H, 6.11; N, 16.93.
Example 3 1-Ethoxy-2-propyl-N -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0074.tif" />
Part A
Butyryl chloride (3.77 mL, 1.3 eq.) And triethylamine (5.85 mL, 1.3 eq.) Were added sequentially to a chilled (0 ° C) solution of 3-amino-4-chloroquinoline (5 g, 1.0 eq.) In dichloromethane (100 mL). The reaction mixture was brought to ambient temperature and then stirred overnight. The reaction mixture was quenched with an aqueous solution of saturated sodium bicarbonate. The organic layer was separated and concentrated under reduced pressure to provide 6.5 g of N (4-chloroquinoline-3-yl) butyramide.
Hi B
Ethoxyamine hydrochloride (2.34 g, 2.0 eq.) Was added to a solution of N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) butyramide (3.0 g, 1.0 eq.) In ethanol (75 mL). The reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 3 hours, cooled to
Ambient temperature and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was partitioned between dichloromethane and an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution. The organic layer was separated and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 2.89 g of 1-ethoxy-2-propyl-1/7-imidazo [4.5c] quinoline.
Part C.
The material from Part B was oxidized and amined using the method of Example 1, Part C. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (Silica Gel, eluting with 4% methanol in chloroform) and recrystallized from a mixture of water and 2% dichloromethane in methanol to give 0.185 g of 1-ethoxy-2-propyl-1 H -imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-4-amine as brownish needles, mp 198-199 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 271.16 (M + H<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: Calculated for Ci<sub>5</sub>Hi<sub>8</sub>N<sub>4</sub>0 "0.06H<sub>2</sub>O & lt; 0.25CiH40: C, 65.61; H, 6.81; N, 20.06. Found C, 65.33; H, 6.5; N, 20.07.
Example 4
2-Ethyl-1-methoxy-177-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0075.tif" />
Part A
Propionyl chloride (6.32 mL, 1.3 eq.) And triethylamine (11.69 mL, 1.5 eq.) eq.) Were added sequentially to the 3-amino-4-chloroquinoline solution (10 g, 1.0 eq.). in dichloromethane (200 ml). The reaction mixture was stirred overnight and then quenched with a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution. The organic layer was separated, dried over magnesium sulfate, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography (Silica Gel, eluting with 2% methanol in dichloromethane) to obtain 5.8 g of N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) propionamide.
Hi B
O-Methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (1.51 g, 1.7 eq.) Was added to a solution of N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) propionamide (2.5 g, 1.0 eq.) In ethanol (75 mL) . The reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 3 hours, cooled to ambient temperature and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was partitioned between dichloromethane and an aqueous, saturated sodium bicarbonate solution. The organic layer has been separated and
Concentrated under reduced pressure to provide 2.10 g of 2-ethyl-1-methoxy-177imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline as a brown solid.
Part C.
The material from Part B was oxidized and amined using the method in Example 1, Part C. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (Silica Gel, eluting with 4-5% methanol in chloroform) followed by recrystallization from a mixture of methanol and water to provide 80 mg of 2-ethyl-1-methoxy-1 H -imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-4-amine in powder form, mp 216-217 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 243.05 (M + H); Anal .: Calculated for Ci<sub>3</sub>Hi<sub>4</sub>N<sub>4</sub>0 * 0.05H<sub>2</sub>0: C, 64.22; H, 5.84; N, 23.04. Found C, 63.83; H, 5.79; N, 22.61.
Example 5
2-Ethyl-1-isopropoxy-177-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0076.tif" />
Part A
O-isopropylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (2.5 g, 1.7 eq.) Was added to a solution of N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) propionamide (3.1 g, 1.0 eq.) In ethanol (150 mL) . The reaction mixture was then refluxed for 3 hours, cooled to ambient temperature, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was partitioned between dichloromethane and an aqueous, saturated sodium bicarbonate solution. The organic layer was separated and concentrated under reduced pressure to provide 3.2 g of 2-ethyl-1-isopropoxy177-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline.
Hi B
The material from Part A was oxidized and subjected to amination using the method of Example 1, Part C. The crude product was recrystallized 3 times from a mixture of methanol and water to give 0.244 g of 2-ethyl-1-isopropoxy-177-imidazo [4 , 5c] quinolin-4-amine as a brown powder, mp 242-243 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 271.40 (M + H<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: Calculated for Ci<sub>5</sub>Hi<sub>8</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O: C, 66.65; H, 6.71; N, 20.73. Found C, 66.39; H, 6.51; N, 20.4.
Example 6 1-Isopropoxy-2-methyl-177-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0077.tif" />
Part A
Acetyl chloride (3.41 ml, 1.25 eq.) And triethylamine (6.79 ml, 1.4 eq.) Were added sequentially to a solution of 3-amino-4-chloroquinoline (6.22 g, 1.0 eq.) In dichloromethane. (100 ml). The reaction mixture was stirred overnight and then washed sequentially with an aqueous saturated sodium bicarbonate solution, dried over magnesium sulfate and then concentrated under reduced pressure to provide 6.68 g of N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) acetamide.
Hi B
O-isopropylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (2.14 g, 1.7 eq.) Was added to a solution of N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) acetamide (2.51 g, 1.0 eq.) In ethanol (75 mL) . The reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 2 hours and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was partitioned between dichloromethane and an aqueous, saturated sodium bicarbonate solution. The organic layer was separated and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 2.60 g of 1-isopropoxy-2-methyl-U / -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline.
Part C.
The material in Part B was oxidized and then subjected to amination using the method of Example 1, Part C. The crude product was sonicated with 25% sodium hydroxide. The resulting powder was isolated by filtration and then washed with water to obtain 151 mg of 1-isopropoxy-2-methyl-1 H -imidazo [4.5c] quinolin-4-amine as a brown powder, mp 243 ° C . MS (APCD m / z 257x14 (M + H<sup>+</sup>); Calculated for Ci4Hi<sub>6</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O · 0.41H<sub>2</sub>O: C, 63.76; H, 6.42; N, 21.25. Found C, 63.39; H, 6.30; N, 20.97.
Example 7 1-Methoxy-2-methyl-LH-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0078.tif" />
1-Methoxy-2-methyl-N -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine was prepared according to the method described in Example 6 using the hydrochloride salt
-64O-methylhydroxylamine in place of O-isopropylhydroxylamine hydrochloride in Part B. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (Silica Gel, eluting with 3% methanol in chloroform) and then recrystallized from a mixture of water and 15% dichloromethane in methanol to obtain 299 mg of 1-methoxy-2-methyl-1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine as a brown powder, mp 237-238 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 229.12 (M + H<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: Calculated for Ci<sub>2</sub>Hi<sub>2</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O «Oh, 14CH<sub>2</sub>C1<sub>2</sub>: C, 60.72; H, 5.29; N, 24.55. Found C, 60.82; H, 5.23; N, 23.31.
Example 8 1-Isobutoxy-2-methyl-1 H -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
NH, Λν
Ob 1-Isobutoxy-2-methyl-1 H -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine was prepared according to the method set forth in Example 6 using O-isobutylhydroxylamine hydrochloride in place of O-isopropylhydroxylamine hydrochloride in Part B. The crude product was slurried 4 times with 25% sodium hydroxide and then recrystallized from a mixture of water and 5% dichloromethane in methanol to yield 370 mg of 1-isobutoxy-2-methyl-1 H -imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-4-amine as white crystals, mp 215-216 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 271.13 (M + H<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: Calculated for Ci<sub>5</sub>Hi<sub>8</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O: C, 66.65; H, 6.71; N, 20.73. Found C, 66.53; H, 6.95; N, 20.68;
Example 9 1-Ethoxy-2-methyl-1 H -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0079.tif" />
1-Ethoxy-2-methyl-1 H -imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-4-amine was prepared according to the method described in Example 6 using ethoxyamine hydrochloride in place of O-isopropylhydroxylamine hydrochloride in Part B. The crude product was recrystallized from a mixture of water and 2% dichloromethane in methanol and then from a mixture of water and methanol to provide 1-ethoxy-2-methyl-1H imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-4-amine as brown crystals , mp 219-221 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 243.13 (M + H<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: Calculated for Ci<sub>3</sub>Hi<sub>4</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O & lt; 0.15H<sub>2</sub>O: C, 63.76; H, 5.88; N, 22.88. Found C, 63.36; H, 5.99; N, 22.93.
Example 10
-65 l-Methoxy-2-phenyl-U / -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0080.tif" />
Part A
Under nitrogen atmosphere, a mixture of 3-amino-4-chloroquinoline (2.50 g, 1 eq.), Benzoyl chloride (3.0 g, 1.5 eq.) And anhydrous dichloromethane (100 mL) was heated to 40 ° C. C. After 23 hours, additional benzoyl chloride (3.0 g, 1.5 eq.) Was added and heating continued for a total of 48 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate, washed sequentially with aqueous potassium carbonate (2x), water, and brine, then dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography (230 g Silica gel, eluting initially with a 20-50% gradient of ethyl acetate in hexanes and then with a 4/3/3 ratio of dichloromethane / ethyl acetate / hexanes) to yield 1.01 g of N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) benzamide as a white solid.
Hi B
A mixture of N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) benzamide (0.02 g, 1 eq.), O-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (3 eq.) And isopropanol was heated at 80 ° C for 17 hours. The reaction was also performed using ethanol in place of isopropanol. The two reaction mixtures were mixed, diluted with ethyl acetate, washed sequentially with aqueous potassium carbonate (2x), water and brine, dried over potassium carbonate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting solid was dried at 80 ° C for 3 days to provide 12.1 mg of 1-methoxy-2-phenyl-1 H -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline as a brown powder, mp 194.0-195 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 276 (M + H.<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: Calculated for Ci<sub>7</sub>Hi<sub>3</sub>N<sub>3</sub>O & lt; 0.2H<sub>2</sub>O: C, 73.21; H, 4.84; N, 15.07. Found C, 73.27; H, 4.61; N, 14.84.
Part C 1-Methoxy-2-phenyl-N -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline (3.295 g, 1 eq.), 3-chloroperbenzoic acid (4.3 g 77%, 1.6 eq.) And dichloromethane (400 ml) was mixed and stirred at ambient temperature. More 3-chloroperbenzoic acid (0.9 g) was added after 30 minutes and again after 1.5 hours. After three hours, the reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane, washed sequentially with saturated aqueous potassium carbonate, water, and brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and then concentrated under reduced pressure until a solid began to precipitate. Heterogeneous
The mixture was filtered and then triturated with hexanes to provide 2.82 g of 1-methoxy-2-phenyl-U / -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline 5N-oxide as a light brown solid.
Hi
Ammonium hydroxide (48 mL of 15M) was added to a solution of the Part C material (1 eq.) In dichloromethane (100 mL) and stirred vigorously at 0 ° C. The solid tosyl chloride (2.7 g, 1.5 eq.) Was added over 1 minute. After 15 minutes the ice was removed. After 30 minutes, the reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane and washed with a saturated aqueous potassium carbonate solution. Solid formed in the water layer. This material was isolated by filtration method and dried to provide 1.16g of 1-methoxy-2-phenyl-17β-imidazo [4.5c] quinoline-4-amine as a white powder, mp 241.0-243. 0 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 291 (M + H.<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: Calcd for CnHi<sub>4</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O * 0.3H<sub>2</sub>O: C, 69.05; H, 4.98; N, 18.95. Found C, 69.17; H, 4.86; N, 19.07.
Example 11 1-Isopropoxy-2-phenyl-1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0081.tif" />
Part A
O-isopropylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (5.9 g, 3 eq.), N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) benzamide (5.0 g, 1 eq.) And anhydrous isopropanol (60 ml) were mixed and then heated to 80 ° C under nitrogen atmosphere. After 18 hours, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate, washed sequentially with saturated aqueous potassium carbonate, water, and brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford 6.15 g of a dark oily substance. This material was purified by column chromatography (320 g Silica Gel, eluting with 30-50% gradient of ethyl acetate in dichloromethane) to provide an oily substance. The oily material was then triturated with hexanes to provide a solid that was isolated by a filtration method and then dried to provide 3.756 g of 1-isopropoxy-2-phenyl-17H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline.
Hi B
The material from Part A (1 eq.) Was mixed with 3-chioroperbenzoic acid (4.1 g 77%, 1.5 eq.) And dichloromethane (50 ml) and stirred at ambient temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane, washed sequentially with saturated aqueous sodium carbonate, water, and brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure.
- 67 pressure. The residue was triturated with a mixture of ether and hexane. The precipitate thus formed was isolated by filtration, rinsed with hexanes and dried to provide 3.4 g of 1H-isopropoxy-2-phenyl-1H-imidazo | 4,5-c] quinoline 5N-oxide as a pale orange solid .
Part C.
Ammonium hydroxide (49 mL of 15M) was added to a solution of the material from Part B (3.126 g, 1 eq.) In dichloromethane (100 mL) and stirred vigorously at 0 ° C. Solid tosyl chloride (2.8 g, 1.5 eq.) Was added over 1 minute. The ice bath was removed after 15 minutes. After 30 minutes, the reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane, washed sequentially with saturated aqueous potassium carbonate, water, and brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. This residue was triturated with hexanes / ether to provide 2.3 g of a brown solid. This material was purified by column chromatography method (200g Silica gel, eluting with 5-10% gradient of CMA in chloroform; CMA is a mixture of 80/12/2 v / v / v substances: chloroform / methanol / concentrated ammonium hydroxide) to obtain 1.15 g of brown solid matter. This material was dissolved in hot acetonitrile (20ml). After 17 hours the precipitate was isolated by filtration method and then dried at 100 ° C under vacuum for 17 hours to provide 0.88 g of 1-isopropoxy-2-phenyl-1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline- 4-amine as a brown powder, mp 188.0-191 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 319 (M + H.<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: Calculated for Ci<sub>9</sub>Hi<sub>8</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O & lt; 0.3H<sub>2</sub>O: C, 70.48; H, 5.79; N, 17.30. Found C, 70.51; H, 5.74; N, 17.41.
Example 12
2-Cyclohexyl-1-isopropoxy-1/7-imidazo | 4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0082.tif" />
Part A
Under nitrogen atmosphere, a mixture of 3-amino-4-chloroquinoline (8 g, 1 eq.), Cyclohexanecarbonyl chloride (18.2 ml, 3 eq.) And anhydrous dichloroethane (150 ml) was heated at 90 ° C for 23 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane, washed sequentially with saturated aqueous potassium carbonate, water, and brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was triturated with hexanes to provide a precipitate. The precipitate was mixed with hexanes, stirred for 30 minutes, isolated by filtration, washed with hexanes and then dried to provide 11.9 g of N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) cyclohexanecarboxamide.
-68 Part B
Under nitrogen atmosphere, a mixture of N- (4-chloroquinoline-3-yl) cyclohexanecarboxamide (5.0 g, 1 eq.), Hydrochloride
O-isopropylhydroxylamine (5.8 g, 3 eq.) And anhydrous isopropanol (60 mL) was heated at 80 ° C for 20 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in dichloromethane, washed sequentially with saturated aqueous potassium carbonate, water, and brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was triturated with hexanes to provide a precipitate. This material was purified by column chromatography (250g Silica Gel, eluting with 2% CMA in chloroform) to provide 4g of a brown solid. This material was purified by column chromatography (300g Silica Gel, eluting with a 50-65% gradient of ethyl acetate in hexanes) to provide 2.85g of 2-cyclohexyl-1-isopropoxy / 7-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline in the form of a brown solid.
Part C.
The material from Part B (2.85 g, 1 eq.) Was mixed with 3-chloroperbenzoic acid (3.6 g, 77%, 2 eq.) And dichloromethane (150 ml) and stirred at ambient temperature. After 30 minutes, more 3-chloroperbenzoic acid (0.8 g) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred for an additional 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane, washed sequentially with aqueous potassium carbonate, water, and brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was triturated with hexanes. The precipitate thus formed was isolated by filtration to provide 3.6 g of 2-cyclohexyl-1-isopropoxy-1 / Zimidazo [4,5-c] quinoline 5N-oxide as a brown solid.
Hi
Ammonium hydroxide (50 mL of 15M) was added to a solution of the Part C material (3.371 g, 1 eq.) In dichloromethane (200 mL) and stirred vigorously at 0 ° C. Solid tosyl chloride (2.9 g, 1.5 eq.) Was added over 1 minute. The ice bath was removed after 15 minutes. After 30 minutes, the reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane, washed sequentially with saturated aqueous potassium carbonate, water, and brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was triturated with hexanes / ether to provide a precipitate. This material was purified by column chromatography (150 g Silica Gel, eluting with a 5-15% gradient of CMA in chloroform) to provide 1.3 g of a white solid. This material was triturated with ether, isolated by filtration, washed with ether and then dried at 70 ° C under vacuum to provide 0.53 g of 2-cyclohexyl-1-isopropoxy-1 / Z-imidazo [4,5- c] quinoline-4-amine as a white powder, mp 175.0-178.0 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 325 (M + H.<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: calcd for C19H24N4O: C, 70.34; H, 7.46; N, 17.27. Found C, 70.07; H, 7.51; N, 16.98.
-69 Example 13
2-Cyclohexyl-1-methoxy-1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0083.tif" />
Part A
A mixture of N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) cyclohexanecarboxamide (4.00 g, 1 eq.), O-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (3.5 g, 3 eq.) And ethanol (150 ml) was heated at 80 ° C. C for 17 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in dichloromethane, washed sequentially with saturated aqueous potassium carbonate, water, and brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and then concentrated under reduced pressure to provide 3.1 g of a dark brown oil. This material was purified by column chromatography (300g Silica Gel, eluting with 30-40% gradient of ethyl acetate in hexanes) to provide 1.8g of 2-cyclohexyl-1-methoxy-1H-imidazo [4.5-c] quinoline in the form of a light brown solid.
Hi B
The material from Part A (1.8 g, 1 eq.) Was mixed with 3-chloroperbenzoic acid (2.9 g, 77%, 2 eq.) And dichloromethane (100 ml) and stirred at ambient temperature for 40 minutes; The reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane, washed sequentially with saturated aqueous potassium carbonate, water, and brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and then concentrated under reduced pressure to provide 2.82 g of a brown solid. This material was triturated with ether to afford 1.37 g of 2-cyclohexyl-1-methoxy) 7-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline 5N-oxide as an off-white solid.
Part C.
Ammonium hydroxide (23 mL of 15M) was added to a solution of the material from Part B (1.37 g, 1 eq.) In dichloromethane (50 mL) and stirred vigorously at 0 ° C. Solid tosyl chloride (1.0 g, 1.2 eq.) Was added over a period of 1 minute. The ice bath was removed after 15 minutes. After 1 hour, the reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane, washed sequentially with saturated aqueous potassium carbonate, water, and brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was triturated with hexanes to provide a precipitate. This material was purified by column chromatography (80g Silica Gel, eluting with a 5-15% gradient of CMA in chloroform) to provide 1.13g of a white solid. This material was triturated with ether and then dried at 70 ° C under vacuum to provide 1.0 g of 2-cyclohexyl-1-methoxy-1-7-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine as a white powder, mp 220.0-222.0 ° C.
-70MS (APCI) m / z 297 (M + H<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: calcd for C 11 H 18 N 2 O CH 3 Cl 2: C, 67.37; H, 6.68; N, 18.38. Found C, 67.52; H, 6.85; N, 18.50.
Example 14
2-7erH-butyl-1-isopropoxy-1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0084.tif" />
Part A
A mixture of 3-amino-4-chloroquinoline (8.00 g, 1 eq.), Trimethylacetyl chloride (11 mL g, 2 eq.) And anhydrous chloroethane (150 mL) was heated to 70 ° C. After 6 hours, more trimethylacetyl chloride (2 eq.) Was added and heating continued for a total of 23 hours. The reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane, washed sequentially with saturated aqueous potassium carbonate, water, and brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was triturated with hexanes and then filtered to provide 7.16 g of N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) trimethylacetamide as a solid. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to provide 5 g of crude N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) trimethylacetamide.
Hi B
Under nitrogen atmosphere, a mixture of N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) trimethylacetamide (6.00 g, 1 eq.), O-isopropylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (7.6 g, 3 eq.) And anhydrous isopropanol (80 ml) was heated under at 80 ° C for 19 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in dichloromethane, washed sequentially with saturated aqueous potassium carbonate, water, and brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography (150 g Silica Gel, eluting with a 2055% gradient of ethyl acetate in dichloromethane) to provide 2.8 g of 2-tert-butyl-lysopropoxy-1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline as brown oil.
Part C.
The material from Part B (2.8 g, 1 eq.) Was mixed with 3-chloroperbenzoic acid (4.5 g, 77%, 2 eq.) And dichloromethane (50 ml) and stirred at ambient temperature for 40 minutes. The reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane, washed sequentially with saturated aqueous potassium carbonate, water, and brine, dried over sodium sulfate, and filtered. The filtrate was washed with water and then mixed with an appropriate amount of dichloromethane to make up to the limit
-71 volumes of 200ml. Concentrated ammonium hydroxide (50 ml 15M) was added and the mixture was stirred vigorously in an ice bath. Tosyl chloride (2.3 g, 1.2 eq.) Was added. After 15 minutes, the ice bath was removed. After 30 minutes, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was mixed with 6 N hydrochloric acid and isopropanol. The resulting solution was adjusted to basic pH (pH 14) with 50% sodium hydroxide and stirred for 30 minutes. The precipitate was isolated by filtration, triturated with toluene, isolated by filtration, washed with ether and then dried at 100 ° C under vacuum for 18 hours to provide 1.2 g of 2-tert-butyl-lysopropoxy-1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine as light yellow powder, mp 187.0189.0 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 299 (M + H.<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: Calcd for C11FN2O4OE: C, 67.21; H, 7.50; N, 18.44. Found C, 67.22; H, 7.14; N, 18.38.
Example 15
2-Zer / -butyl-1-methoxy-1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0085.tif" />
Part A
Under nitrogen atmosphere, a mixture of N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) trimethylacetamide (6.00 g, 1 eq.), O-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (5.7 g, 3 eq.) And anhydrous isopropanol (80 ml) was heated at 80 ° C for 19 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in dichloromethane, washed sequentially with saturated aqueous potassium carbonate, water, and brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was triturated with hexane and the thus formed precipitate was isolated by filtration. This material was purified by column chromatography (300g Silica Gel, eluting with 20-50% gradient of ethyl acetate in dichloromethane) to provide 4.6g of a brown solid. This solid was recrystallized from hexane to afford 3.1 g of 2- (c) 7-butyl-1-methoxy-1/7-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline as a golden brown crystalline solid.
Hi B
The material from Part A (3.1 g, 1 eq.) Was mixed with 3-chloroperbenzoic acid (5.4 g, 77%, 2 eq.) And dichloromethane (50 ml) and stirred at ambient temperature for 30 minutes. The reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane and washed sequentially with saturated aqueous potassium carbonate, water, and brine. The organic layer was mixed with an adequate amount of dichloromethane to make up to a volume of 250ml. Concentrated hydroxide was added
- 72 ammonium (60 ml of 15M) and the mixture was stirred vigorously in an ice bath. Tosyl chloride (2.5 g, 1.1 eq.) Was added. The ice bath was removed after 15 minutes. After 30 minutes, the reaction mixture was diluted with dichloromethane, washed sequentially with saturated aqueous potassium carbonate, water, and brine, dried over potassium carbonate, filtered, and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was triturated with a mixture of toluene and ether, and the precipitate thus formed was isolated by filtration. This material was purified by column chromatography (80g Silica Gel, eluting with 7-10% CMA gradient in chloroform) to provide 0.67g of 2-th (7-butyl-1-methoxy-1H-imidazo [4.5-c ] quinoline-4-amine as a pale yellow powder, mp 195.0-197.0 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 271 (M + H.<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: Calculated for Ci<sub>5</sub>Hi<sub>8</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O: C, 66.65; H, 6.71; N, 20.73. Found C, 66.58; H, 6.75; N, 20.75.
Example 16 1- (Benzyloxy) -2-phenyl-1/7-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0086.tif" />
Part A
O-benzylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (10.2 g, 63.7 mmol), N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) benzamide (6.00 g, 21.2 mmol) and isopropanol (200 ml) were mixed and heated to 80 ° C. After 18 hours, the reaction mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in dichloromethane, and the solution was washed sequentially with a saturated aqueous potassium carbonate solution and with water and then concentrated under reduced pressure. This material was purified by column chromatography (320g Silica Gel, eluting with 1-2% gradient of methanol in dichloromethane). The resulting precipitate was triturated with hexanes to provide a brown precipitate which was isolated by filtration. The precipitate was mixed with chloroform and isolated by filtration to provide 0.951 g of 1- (benzyloxy) -2-phenyl-177-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline as a reddish brown solid. 2-phenyl-177-imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-1-ol (2.39 g) was recovered from the aqueous washing residue.
Part B 1- (Benzyloxy) -2-phenyl-177-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline (0.951 g, 2.71 mmol) was mixed with 3-chloroperbenzoic acid (1.2 g 77% pure material, 5 , 4 mmol) in dichloromethane (10 mL) and stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes. Analysis by liquid chromatography / mass spectrometry (LC / MS) showed the presence of starting material; additional 3-chloroperbenzoic acid was added (0.1 g).
The reaction mixture was stirred for 18 hours at room temperature and then diluted with dichloromethane, washed sequentially with saturated aqueous potassium carbonate, water and brine, dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and then concentrated under reduced pressure to provide 1.25 g of L. - (benzyloxy) -5-oxido-2-phenyl-N -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline as a black solid. Attempts to obtain a precipitate by trituration with hexane / diethyl ether were unsuccessful.
Part C.
The method described in Part C of Example 11 was used to treat the material from Part B with ammonium hydroxide (13 mL of 15 M) and p-toluenedisulfonyl chloride (0.57 g, 3.0 mmol) with the following modifications. Attempts to purify the raw product by rubbing did not remove any impurities. After chromatographic purification (90 g Silica Gel, eluting with 5-10% CMA gradient in chloroform), the product was recrystallized from 40% ethyl acetate in hexane to provide 0.217 g of 1- (benzyloxy) -2-phenyl-U / imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine as a white powder, mp 177.0-179 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 367 (M + H<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: Calculated for C.<sub>23</sub>Hi<sub>8</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O: C, 75.39; H, 4.95; N, 15.29. Found C, 75.18; H, 4.79; N, 15.05.
Example 17
4-amino-2-phenyl-177-imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-1-ol
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0087.tif" />
A mixture of 1- (benzyloxy) -2-phenyl-N -imidazo [4; 5-c] quinoline-4-amine (0.32 g, 0.87 mmol) and 10% palladium on carbon (0.015 g) in ethanol (10 ml) was placed in a pressure vessel, which was purged with hydrogen three times and then placed under hydrogen pressure (45 psi, 3.1 χ 10<sup>5</sup> Pa) and shaken on a Parr apparatus for 18 hours. Analysis by LC / MS showed the presence of starting material. An additional amount of 10% palladium on carbon (0.05 g) was added and hydrogenation continued for another 5 hours. The reaction mixture was filtered, and then the filter cake was washed with ethanol. After a few days, crystals formed in the filtrate. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure until it turned cloudy, and the mixture was left for 18 hours. More crystals formed, and these crystals were collected by filtration, washed with diethyl ether, and dried to provide 0.068 g of 4-amino-2-phenyl-U / -imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-1-ol as an off-white powder , decomp. 201-209 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 277 (M + H.<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: Calculated for Ci<sub>6</sub>Hi<sub>2</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O & lt; 0.2H<sub>2</sub>O: C, 68.66; H, 4.47; N, 20.02. Found C, 68.48; H, 4.66; N, 19.97.
-74 Example 18
2- (Ethoxymethyl) -1-isopropoxy-1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0088.tif" />
Part A
A solution of ethoxyacetyl chloride (4.2 g, 34 mmol) in dichloromethane was added dropwise to a stirred solution of 3-amino-4-chloroquinoline (5.1 g, 29 mmol) in dichloromethane (75 ml) and the reaction was stirred for one hour in room temperature. An additional amount of ethoxyacetyl chloride (0.5 g, 4 mmol) was added and the reaction was stirred for 30 minutes and diluted with dichloromethane (75 mL). The resulting mixture was washed with a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (50 mL), dried over potassium carbonate, and filtered. Methanol was added to facilitate filtration. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to provide 7.3 g of N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) -2-ethoxyacetamide as a dark solid.
Hi B
A solution of N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) -2-ethoxyacetamide (7.3 g, 28 mmol) and O-isopropylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (3.3 g, 0.030 mol) in ethanol (150 ml) was heated to boiling under with reflux for 2 hours, then allowed to cool to room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluting with 4% methanol in dichloromethane containing 3 ml of aqueous ammonium hydroxide solution per liter of eluent) to provide 2.15 g of 2- (ethoxymethyl) -1-isopropoxyH-imidazo [4.5 -c] quinoline in the form of a dark plum which crystallized during storage.
Part C.
A solution of 2- (ethoxymethyl) -1-isopropoxy-1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline (2.1 g, 7.4 mmol) in dichloromethane (75 mL) was cooled to about 0 ° C and acid was added 3-chloroperbenzoate (3.2 g 77% pure material, 14 mmol) over 5 minutes. The reaction was stirred for 10 minutes at 0 ° C, stirred for two hours at room temperature, and then cooled to about 0 ° C. Concentrated ammonium hydroxide (35 mL) was added, and then a solution of benzenesulfonyl chloride (1.7 mL, 13 mmol) in dichloromethane (15 mL) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred for 15 minutes at 0 ° C and stirred for 1.5 hours at room temperature. The aqueous layer was separated and extracted with dichloromethane (2 x 25 mL). The combined organic fractions were washed with a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (2 x 35 ml containing 2 ml of 25% aqueous
-75 sodium hydroxide), dried over potassium carbonate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by column chromatography on Silica Gel (eluted with 3% methanol in dichloromethane containing 3 mL of aqueous ammonium hydroxide per liter of eluent) to provide 1.3 g of a light brown solid. The precipitate was recrystallized three times from methanol / water and dried overnight under vacuum at 80 ° C to afford 0.55 g of 2- (ethoxymethyl) 1-isopropoxy-1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline- 4-amines in the form of shiny brown needles, mp 179-181 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 301 (M + 1F); Anal .: calcd for C16H20N4O2: C, 63.98; H, 6.71; N, 18.65. Found C, 63.81; H, 6.58; N, 18.73.
Example 19
4-Amino-1-isopropoxy-1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-2-yl) methanol
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0089.tif" />
Part A
A solution of acetoxyacetyl chloride (13.8 g, 101 mmol) in dichloromethane (20 ml) was added dropwise to a mixed solution of 3-amino-4-chloroquinoline (15 g, 84 mmol) and triethylamine (27 ml, 190 mmol) in dichloromethane ( 150 ml) and the reaction was stirred overnight at room temperature. Analysis by LC / MS showed the presence of starting material and then additional acetoxyacetyl chloride (11.2 g, 82.0 mmol) in dichloromethane (35 mL) was added. The reaction was stirred overnight at room temperature and stirred for 5 minutes with a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (75 ml). The organic layer was separated and washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (2 x 25 mL), dried over potassium carbonate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to provide 22.3 g of a 1: 3 mixture of 2 - [(4-chloroquinoline-) acetate 3-yl) amino] -2-oxoethyl and N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) -2-hydroxyacetamide as a brown, gummy solid.
Hi B
A solution of 50% aqueous sodium hydroxide (1 ml) and water (5 ml) was added to a solution of the mixture from Part A (10.1 g) in methanol (100 ml) and the reaction was stirred for three hours at room temperature. The volatiles were removed under reduced pressure to provide 8.7 g of N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) -2-hydroxyacetamide as a brown solid.
Part C.
A solution of N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) -2-hydroxyacetamide (8.0 g, 34 mmol) and O-isopropylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (5.5 g, 49 mmol) in ethanol (100 ml) was heated to boiling under reflux overnight, allowed to reach
- 76 room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in dichloromethane (150 mL) and the resulting solution was washed with a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (2 x 50 mL), dried over potassium carbonate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on Silica Gel (eluting with 5% methanol in dichloromethane containing 2ml of aqueous ammonium hydroxide per liter of eluent) to provide 3.1 g of 1-isopropoxy-1H-imidazo | 4.5-c ] quinolin-2-yl) methanol as a light brown solid.
Hi
The method described in Part C of Example 18 was used for the oxidation and amination of 1-isopropoxy-1 H -imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-2-yl) methanol (3.0 g, 12 mmol) with the modification that the chromatographic purification was carried out eluting with 5% methanol in dichloromethane containing 2 ml of aqueous ammonium hydroxide per liter of eluent. After recrystallization and drying, 4-amino-1-isopropoxy-1 H -imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-2-yl) methanol (1.23 g) was obtained as gold crystals, mp 204-206 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 273 (M + H.<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: calcd for C14H16N4O2: C 61.75; H, 5.92; N, 20.57. Found C, 61.57; H, 5.81; N, 20.81.
Example 20 1-Ethoxy-1/7-imidazo | 4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0090.tif" />
Part A
Acetic anhydride (16 mL, 170 mmol) was brought to 0 ° C and formic acid (7.2 mL of 97% pure material, 190 mmol) was added over ten minutes. The solution was stirred for 2.5 hours at room temperature and then added to a stirred solution of 3-amino-4-chloroquinoline (10.0 g, 56.0 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (THF) (100 mL). The reaction was stirred for one hour at room temperature and then concentrated under reduced pressure. Methanol (50 ml) was added to the residue, stirred for 30 minutes and then removed under reduced pressure. The residue was then partitioned between dichloromethane (150ml) and saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (50ml) for 3 days. The present precipitate was isolated by filtration and dried under vacuum conditions. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was dissolved in methanol (400mL). The solution was dried over potassium carbonate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The remainder stayed
Mixed with the precipitate isolated by filtration to obtain 9.6 g of 4-chloroquinolin-3-ylformamide as a brown solid.
Hi B
A solution of 4-chloroquinolin-3-ylformamide (5.0 g, 24 mmol), Oethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (2.95 g, 30.2 mmol) and isopropanol (75 ml) was heated to reflux overnight, allowed to cool and reaching room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was mixed with dichloromethane (150ml) and saturated aqueous sodium carbonate solution (50ml) for 15 minutes. The organic layer was separated and dried over potassium carbonate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography on Silica gel (eluting with 2% methanol in dichloromethane containing 5ml aqueous ammonium hydroxide per liter of eluent) to provide 2.45g of 1-ethoxy-U1 -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline.
Part C.
A solution of 1-ethoxy-UH-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline (2.45 g, 11.5 mmol) in dichloromethane (100 ml) was cooled to about 0 ° C and 3-chloroperbenzoic acid (3 , 85 g, 77% pure material, 17 mmol). The reaction was stirred for 10 minutes at 0 ° C, stirred for three hours at room temperature, and then stirred with a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (35 ml) for 15 minutes. The aqueous layer was separated and extracted with dichloromethane (5 x 50 mL) and the mixed organic fractions were dried over potassium carbonate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to provide 2.4 g of 1-ethoxy-5-oxido-U / -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline as an orange solid.
Hi
A solution of 1-ethoxy-5-oxydo-U / -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline (2.4 g, 10.5 mmol) in dichloromethane (75 ml) was cooled to 0 ° C and trichloroacetyl isocyanate (1 , 9 mL, 16 mmol). The reaction was stirred for ten minutes at 0 ° C and then stirred overnight at room temperature. Methanol (15 ml) was added and the mixture was stirred for 15 minutes and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in methanol (15ml) and sodium methoxide (0.5ml of a 25% solution in methanol) was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for three hours and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was mixed with methanol (15 ml) and water (15 ml) and a precipitate formed. The precipitate was collected by filtration, recrystallized from methanol / water and purified by column chromatography on Silica Gel (eluted with 5% methanol in dichloromethane containing 2ml aqueous ammonium hydroxide per liter of eluent). The precipitate thus formed was recrystallized from methanol / water and dried overnight under vacuum to provide 0.54 g of 1-ethoxy-U / -imidazo [4.5c] quinoline-4-amine as brown crystals. mp 179-181 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 229
-78 (Μ + H.<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: Calculated for Ci<sub>2</sub>Hi<sub>2</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O: C, 63.14; H, 5.30; N, 24.55. Found C, 62.92; H, 4.96; N, 24.72.
Example 21 1-tert-butoxy-IH-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0091.tif" />
Part A
4-Chloroquinolin-3-ylformamide (4.1 g, 0.020 mol) was treated with O- (tertbutyl) hydroxylamine hydrochloride (2.8 g, 22 mmol) according to the method described in Part B of Example 20 to give 3.4 g l-tert-butoxy-177-imidazo [4,5c] quinoline, which was used without chromatographic purification.
Hi B
The methods described in Parts C and D of Example 20 were used for the oxidation and amination of 1-tert-butoxy-177-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline (3.4 g, 14 mmol) with such modification that after the final step the product was collected by filtration, it was purified by column chromatography only to obtain 1-tert-butoxy177-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine. HRMS (ESI) calculated for Ci<sub>4</sub>Hi<sub>6</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O + H.<sup>+</sup> : 257.1402, found 257.1403.
Example 22 1-Methoxy-177-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0092.tif" />
Part A
A solution of phosphorus (III) oxychloride (25.6 mL, 275 mmol) in dichloromethane (50 mL) was added dropwise to a stirred suspension of 3-aminoquinolin-4-ol hydrochloride (50.0 g, 254 mmol) in dichloromethane (500 mL) and Ν, Ν-dimethylformamide (DMF) (50 ml). After the addition was complete, the reaction was stirred at room temperature for two hours.
LC / MS analysis showed the presence of starting material, additional phosphorus (III) oxychloride (25.6 ml) in dichloromethane (50 ml) was added. The reaction was stirred at room temperature overnight and still not complete after the night. It was then heated to reflux for 3.5 hours and allowed to cool. Saturated aqueous sodium carbonate (200 ml) and solid potassium carbonate were added until the solution was basic. The organic layer was separated and washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (2 x 50 mL), dried over potassium carbonate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to provide 55.1 g of N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) -N , N-dimethylimidoformamide as a dark oil that solidified on standing.
Hi B
A solution of N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) -N, N-dimethylimidoformamide (10.9 g, 46.6 mmol) and O-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (3.9 g, 47 mmol) in ethanol (100 ml) was heated to reflux for 4.5 hours. Analysis by LC / MS indicated the reaction was incomplete and additional O-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (2.0 g, 24 mmol) was added. The reaction was heated to reflux overnight, allowed to cool to room temperature, and concentrated under reduced pressure. After the work-up and purification procedures described in Part C of Example 19, a modification was made to the chromatographic purification, the purification was performed eluting with 5% methanol in dichloromethane containing 3ml of aqueous ammonium hydroxide per liter of eluent. 1-Methoxy-17H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline (about 3.7 g) was obtained as a red solid.
Part C.
The method described in Part C of Example 18 was used for the oxidation and amination of 1-methoxy-U / -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline (2.6 g, 13 mmol) with the following modifications. The oxidation reaction mixture was stirred for three hours at room temperature and then stirred with a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (50 ml) for 15 minutes. The aqueous fraction was separated and extracted with dichloromethane (2x 35ml). The mixed organic fractions were washed with a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (2 x 35 ml containing 2 ml of 25% aqueous sodium hydroxide) and then subjected to an amination reaction. The crude product of the amination (2.8g) was purified by column chromatography on Silica Gel (eluting with 5% methanol in dichloromethane containing 3ml of aqueous ammonium hydroxide per liter of eluent) followed by recrystallization from methanol / water and then from isopropanol / water. The crystals were washed with 25% aqueous sodium hydroxide (5 x 25 ml) and water (2 x 25 ml) and dried overnight under vacuum at 70 ° C to provide 0.338 g of 1-methoxy-U1 -imidazo [4, 5-c] quinoline-4-amine as a brown solid, mp 238-240 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 215 (M + H.<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: Calcd for CnHi<sub>0</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O: C, 61.67; H, 4.70; N, 26.15. Found C, 61.54; H, 4.70; N, 26.17.
- 80 Example 23 1-Isopropoxy-177-imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0093.tif" />
Part A
A solution of N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) -N, N-dimethylimidoformamide (9.3 g, 0.040 mol) and O-isopropylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (5.0 g, 45 mmol) in ethanol (150 ml) was heated to reflux overnight. Analysis by LC / MS indicated the reaction was not complete and then triethylamine (2.0 mL) was added. The reaction was heated to reflux for three hours and the reaction was again found to be incomplete. The ethanol was removed under reduced pressure and toluene (150 ml) was added. The reaction was heated to reflux overnight, but once again the reaction was found to be incomplete. The toluene was removed under reduced pressure and ethanol (150 mL) and additional O-isopropylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (1.0 g, 9.0 mmol) were added. The reaction was heated to reflux overnight with additional O-isopropylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (0.5 g) added again after three hours and again (0.4 g) after five hours. The work-up and purification procedures described in Part C of Example 19 were used with a modification to the chromatographic purification which was performed eluting with 5% methanol in dichloroethane containing 3ml of aqueous ammonium hydroxide per liter of eluent. 1-isopropoxy-177-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline (7.1 g) was obtained as a light red solid.
Hi B
The method described in Part C of Example 18 was used for the oxidation and amination of 1-isopropoxy-177-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline in two runs (3.7 g, 16 mmol and 3.2 g, 14 mmol) with the following modifications. The crude product of the amination was purified by column chromatography on Silica gel (eluting with 5% methanol in dichloromethane containing 2 ml of aqueous ammonium hydroxide per liter of eluent) followed by re-crystallization, twice from methanol / water and then twice from acetonitrile / water. The crystals were dried overnight under vacuum at 70 ° C to provide 0.926 g of 1-isopropoxy-177imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine as a light brown solid, mp 224-225 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 243 (M + H.<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: calcd for C13H14N4O: C, 64.45; H, 5.82; N, 23.12. Found C, 64.39; H, 5.94; N, 23.34.
Example 24
- 81 4-Amino-2-propyl-1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-1-ol
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0094.tif" />
A mixture of 1- (benzyloxy) -2-propyl-1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine (3.2 g, 9.6 mmol) and 10% palladium on carbon (0.15 g) in ethanol (125 mL) was placed under hydrogen pressure (30 psi, 2.1 × 10<sup>5</sup> Pa) and shaken on the Parr apparatus for 80 minutes. After 40 minutes, the hydrogen pressure had dropped to 20 psi (14 × 10<sup>5</sup> Bye). The reaction mixture was filtered through a pad of CELITE filter reagent, and then the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue (2.4 g) was recrystallized three times from methanol / water and dried overnight under vacuum at 70 ° C to afford 4-amino-2-propyl-1 H -imidazo [4.5c] quinolines -1-ol as white crystals, mp 232-235 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 243 (M + H.<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: Calculated for Ci<sub>3</sub>Hi<sub>4</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O * 0.54 H.<sub>2</sub>O: C, 61.97; H, 6.03; N, 22.23. Found C, 62.18; H, 6.40; N, 22.33.
Example 25
2-isopropyl-1-methoxy-1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0095.tif" />
Part A
A solution of 3-amino-4-chloroquinoline (8.5 g, 48 mmol) in dichloromethane (100 mL) was cooled to 0 ° C. Triethylamine (42 mL, 0.30 mol) was added followed by dropwise addition of a solution of isobutyryl chloride (9.6 mL, 0.10 mol) in dichloromethane (35 mL). The reaction was stirred overnight at room temperature. Analysis by LC / MS showed the presence of starting material, and the reaction was then heated to reflux for two hours. The reaction was still incomplete. Volatiles were removed under reduced pressure and the residue was dissolved in dichloromethane (75 mL). An additional amount of isobutyryl chloride (9.6 ml, 0.10 mol) was added, the reaction was stirred for three days at room temperature. The reaction was still incomplete and additional isobutyryl chloride (3 mL) was added. The reaction was stirred overnight, dissolved in methanol (10 mL), stirred for 30 minutes, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Residue
- 82 was dissolved in dichloromethane (150 ml) and the solution was washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (3 x 50 ml), dried over potassium carbonate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to provide 9.6 g of N (4-chloroquinolines) -3-yl) -2-methylpropanamide in the form of a brown solid.
Hi B
A solution of N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) -2-methylpropanamide (6.0 g, 24 mmol), O-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (2.5 g, 0.030 mol) and ethanol (75 ml) was heated to boiling under reflux for five hours, allowed to cool to room temperature, stirred overnight, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in dichloromethane (100 mL) and the solution was washed with saturated aqueous sodium carbonate (2 x 50 mL), dried over potassium carbonate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to provide 4.9 g of 2-isopropyl-1-methoxy -1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline as dark oil.
Part C.
The method described in Part C of Example 20 was used to oxidize 2-isopropyl-1-methoxy-U / -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline (4.9 g, 0.020 mol) with the modification that the reaction was stirred at temperature room overnight and then stirred with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (100 ml 15%) for 15 minutes.
Hi
Trichloroacetyl isocyanate (3.3 mL, 28 mmol) was added to a solution of 2-isopropyl-1-methoxy-5-oxido-U / -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline (4.7 g, 118 mmol) in dichloromethane (100 mL) and the reaction was stirred three hours at room temperature. Methanol (20 ml) was added and the mixture was stirred for 15 minutes and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in methanol (25 ml) and sodium methoxide (0.5 ml of a 4.5N methanol solution) was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for three days and concentrated under reduced pressure. The mixture was stirred with dichloromethane (25 ml). The resulting precipitate was collected by filtration, recrystallized from methanol / water and dried overnight under vacuum at 70 ° C to yield 0.878 g of 2-isopropyl-1-methoxy-N -imidazo [4,5- c] quinoline-4-amine as brown needles, mp 217-219 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 257 (M + H.<sup>+</sup>). Anal .: Calcd for Ci4Hi<sub>6</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O & lt; 0.33H<sub>2</sub>O: C, 64.13; H, 6.40; N, 21.37. Found C, 63.82; H, 6.47; N, 21.63.
Example 26 1-Isopropoxy-2-isopropyl-U / -imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0096.tif" />
Part A
The method of Part B of Example 25 was used by using N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) -2-methylpropanamide (3.6 g, 14.5 mmol), O-isopropylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (1.8 g, 16 mmol) in place of O-hydrochloride -methylhydroxylamine and ethanol (60 ml). 1-Isopropoxy-2-isopropyl-177imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline (2.2 g) was obtained as a dark oil.
Hi B
The method described in Part C of Example 20 was used to oxidize 1-isopropoxy-2-isopropyl-1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline (2.2 g, 8.2 mmol) with the following modification: Aqueous sodium hydroxide (35 mL 15% solution) was used in place of a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution during the workup procedure.
Part C.
The method described in Part D of Example 25 was used to carry out the amination reaction of 1-isopropoxy-2-isopropyl-5-oxido-1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline (1.62 g, 5.7 mmol) with the modification, that the reaction with sodium methoxide was stirred overnight at room temperature and a precipitate formed. The precipitate was recrystallized three times from toluene / hexane and dried overnight in vacuo at 70 ° C to provide 0.428 g of 1-isopropoxy-2-isopropyl-1H-imidazo [4.5c] quinoline-4-amine as off-white crystals, mp 177-179 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 285 (M + H<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: Calculated for Ci<sub>6</sub>H.<sub>2</sub>he<sub>4</sub>0 & lt; 0.24H<sub>2</sub>O: C, 66.58; H, 7.15; N, 19.41. Found C, 66.54; H, 7.23; N, 19.46.
Example 27
2-Butyl-1-methoxy-1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0097.tif" />
Part A
A solution of valeryl chloride (13.3 mL, 112 mmol) in dichloromethane (35 mL) was added dropwise to a mixed solution of 3-amino-4-chloroquinoline (10.0 g, 56 mmol) and triethylamine (2.1 mL, 15 mmol). ) in dichloromethane (100 ml) and the reaction was
- 84 stirred overnight at room temperature and then stirred for one hour with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (150 ml). The aqueous layer was separated and extracted into dichloromethane (2 x 50 mL). The combined organic fractions were washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (50 mL), dried over potassium carbonate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was recrystallized from toluene / hexane to provide 11.1 g of N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) pentanamide as a light brown solid.
Hi B
The method described in Part B of Example 25 was used with the following modification: the reaction was heated to reflux overnight. 2-Butyl-1-methoxy-1 / Z-imidazo [4.5-c] quinoline (3.2 g) was obtained as a dark oil.
Part C.
The methods described in Parts C and D of Example 20 were used to perform the oxidation and amination of 2-butyl-1-methoxy-1 / Z-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline (3.2 g, 12.5 mmol) with the following modifications. The oxidation reaction was stirred for two hours at room temperature. The reaction with trichloroacetyl isocyanate (2.2 mL, 19 mmol) was carried out at room temperature overnight and the sodium methoxide reaction was stirred overnight and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was treated with methanol (5 ml) to form a precipitate which was collected by filtration technique and recrystallized from methanol / water and dried overnight under vacuum at 70 ° C to yield 0.946 g of 2-butyl-1 -methoxy-l / 7-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine as gold crystals, mp 197-199 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 271 (M + H.<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: Calculated for Ci<sub>5</sub>Hi<sub>8</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O: C, 66.64; H, 6.71; N, 20.72. Found C, 66.52; H, 6.47; N, 20.86.
Example 28
2-Butyl-1-isopropoxy-1/7-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0098.tif" />
Part A
The method of Part B of Example 25 was used by utilizing O-isopropylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (2.4 g, 21 mmol) in place of O-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride to treat N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) pentanamide (4.5 g, 17 mmol) with the modification that the reaction was heated to reflux under the condenser
- 85 turning overnight. 2-Butyl-1-isopropoxy-177-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline (3.5 g) was obtained as a dark oil.
Hi B
The method of Part C of Example 20 was used to oxidize 2-butyl-lysopropoxy-1/7-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline (3.5 g, 12 mmol) with the modification that aqueous sodium hydroxide (35 mL 15%) was used in place of saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate during the work-up procedure.
Part C.
The method of Part D of Example 20 was used for the amination of Part B material with the following modifications. Reaction with trichloroacetyl isocyanate (2.2 mL, 19 mmol) was performed at room temperature overnight. Analysis by LC / MS indicated the reaction was incomplete and additional trichloroacetyl isocyanate (2.2 mL) was added. The reaction was stirred for three hours at room temperature and then reacted with sodium methoxide and stirred overnight. Chromatographic separation was performed immediately after concentrating the reaction with sodium methoxide under reduced pressure. The dark oil thus formed was dissolved in dichloromethane (50 mL) and treated with an excess of 1 N hydrogen chloride in diethyl ether. The mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue was triturated with dichloromethane. The precipitate thus formed was dissolved in methanol (50 ml) and stirred with an excess of 0.5 N potassium hydroxide in methanol for two hours. The precipitate was collected by a filtration method, washed with water, recrystallized three times from methanol / water and dried overnight under vacuum at 70 ° C to give 0.498 g of 2-butyl-1-isopropoxy-177-imidazo [4, 5-c] quinoline-4-amine as off-white crystals, mp 118-119 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 299 (M + H.<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: Calcd for CnH<sub>22</sub>N<sub>4</sub>0 & lt; 0.08H<sub>2</sub>O: C, 68.09; H, 7.45; N, 18.68. Found C, 67.75; H, 7.58; N, 18.64.
Example 29
2-Methyl-1 - [(2-nitrobenzyl) oxy] -177-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
Part A
- 86 A mixture of benzohydroxamic acid (3.2 g, 23 mmol), aqueous sodium hydroxide (1.85 mL 50%, 23 mmol) and water (10 mL) was mixed and heated. Ethanol (25 mL) was added and the resulting solution was allowed to cool for a while before adding 2-nitrobenzyl bromide (5.0 g, 23 mmol) and additional ethanol (approximately 50 mL). The solution was then heated to reflux for two hours and concentrated under reduced pressure. Dichloromethane (100 ml) and water (25 ml) were added to the residue. The aqueous layer was separated and extracted with dichloromethane (25 mL). The combined organic fractions were washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate, dried over potassium carbonate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting yellow oil (4.0 g) was dissolved in ethanol (25 ml) and concentrated with hydrochloric acid (5 ml), and then the solution was heated to reflux for one hour. The volatiles were removed under reduced pressure and the resulting semi-solid was mixed with diethyl ether (50 mL) and water (35 mL) for 15 minutes. The aqueous fraction was separated and concentrated under reduced pressure to provide 1.6 g of O- (2-nitrobenzyl) hydroxylamine hydrochloride.
Hi B
A solution of 3-amino-4-chloroquinoline (20.0 g, 112 mmol) in dichloromethane (125 mL) was cooled to 0 ° C. Triethylamine (47.0 mL, 0.336 mol) was added and a solution of acetyl chloride (16.0 mL, 0.224 mol) in dichloromethane (45 mL) was added dropwise. The reaction was stirred overnight at room temperature. LC / MS analysis showed the presence of starting material, additional acetyl chloride (4 mL, 56 mmol) was added. The reaction was stirred for four hours at room temperature. Saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (100 ml) was added and the mixture was stirred for three days. The organic layer was separated and washed with a saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution (2 x 50 mL), dried over potassium carbonate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to provide N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) acetamide as a dark red solid .
Part C.
The method of Part B of Example 20 was followed by using N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) acetamide (10.6 g, 48.0 mmol) in place of 4-chloroquinolin-3-ylformamide and O- (2-nitrobenzyl) hydroxylamine hydrochloride (10 , 8 g, 52.8 mmol) in place of O-ethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride in isopropanol (120 mL). Chromatographic purification was performed eluting with 5% methanol in dichloromethane containing 2 ml of aqueous ammonium hydroxide per liter of eluent to afford 7.6 g of 2-methyl-1 - [(2-nitrobenzyl) oxy] -1 / Z-imidazo [4.5 -c] quinoline.
Hi
The method of Part C of Example 20 was used to oxidize 2-methyl-1 - [(2-nitrobenzyl) oxy] -1 / Z-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline (2.0 g, 6.0 mmol) with the following
- 87 modifications. Aqueous sodium hydroxide (2 mL 50%) was added to the saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (35 mL) used in the work-up procedure and methanol was added to the dichloromethane extracts to provide a homogeneous solution.
Part E.
The method of Part D of Example 20 was used to carry out the amination of the material in Part D using the following modifications. The reaction with trichloroacetyl isocyanate was stirred for four days. After reaction with sodium methoxide, the solution was concentrated under reduced pressure, the residue was taken up in methanol (15 ml), collected by filtration, and recrystallized in methanol / water (75 ml). A second crystallization was performed after hot filtration of the product in methanol (150 ml). The filtrate was concentrated to 50 ml and water (5 ml) was added. The crystals thus formed were collected by filtration and dried overnight under vacuum at 70 ° C to obtain 0.370 g of 2-methyl-1- | (2-nitrobenzyl) oxy] -1 H -imidazo | 4,5- c] quinoline-4-amine as yellow crystals, mp 215-217 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 350 (M + H.<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: calculated Ci<sub>8</sub>Hi<sub>5</sub>N<sub>5</sub>0<sub>3</sub>: C, 61.89; H, 4.33; N, 20.05. Found C, 61.61; H, 4.08; N, 19.93.
Example 30 1-tert-Butoxy-2-methyl-1/7-imidazo | 4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0099.tif" />
Part A
The method of Part B of Example 25 was used by using O- (tert-butyl) hydroxylamine hydrochloride (2.0 g, 16 mmol) in place of O-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride to introduce N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) acetamide (3 , 2 g, 14.5 mmol) followed by modification such that the reaction was heated to reflux for three hours. Using a workup procedure, the blue oil was purified by silica gel column chromatography (eluting with 5% methanol in dichloromethane containing 5 ml of aqueous ammonium hydroxide for each liter of eluent) to provide 1.92 g of 1-tert-butoxy-2-methyl -1 / 7-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline as a blue oil.
Hi B
The method described in Part C of Example 20 was used to oxidize 1-tert-butoxy-2-methyl-1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline (1.67 g, 6.54 mmol) with the modification that the reaction was stirred at room temperature for 45 minutes and then stirred with
- dichloromethane (25 ml) and aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (10 ml 15%) for 15 minutes.
Part C.
Trichloroacetyl isocyanate (1.2 mL, 0.010 mol) was added to a solution of Part B material in dichloromethane (75 mL) and the reaction was stirred for 45 minutes at room temperature. Analysis by LC / MS indicated the reaction was incomplete and more trichloroacetyl isocyanate (0.50 mL) was added. The reaction was stirred for an hour and methanol was added. The mixture was stirred for 15 minutes and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in methanol (25 ml) and sodium methoxide (0.5 ml of a 4.5N methanol solution) was added. The mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature and a precipitate appeared. The mixture was cooled for one hour at 0 ° C and the precipitate was collected by filtration, recrystallized from methanol / water and dried overnight under vacuum at 70 ° C to provide 0.560 g of l-tert-butoxy. 2-methyl-1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine as white crystals, mp 255-257 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 271 (M + H.<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: Calculated for Ci<sub>5</sub>H.<sub>i8</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O: C, 66.64; H, 6.71; N, 20.72. Found C, 66.46; H, 6.64; N, 20.94.
Example 31
2-Methyl-1- (2-phenoxyethoxy) -1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0100.tif" />
Part A
The method described in Part B of Example 25 was used to treat N (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) acetamide (2.9 g, 13 mmol) with O- (2-phenoxyethyl) hydroxylamine hydrochloride (2.5 g, 13 mmol) in O-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride site modified so that the reaction was heated to reflux overnight. 2-methyl-1- (2-phenoxyethoxy) -1H-imidazo [4.5c] quinoline (2.7 g) was obtained as a dark oil.
Hi B
The method described in Part C of Example 20 was used to oxidize 2-methyl-1- (2-phenoxyethoxy) -1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline (2.7 g, 8.5 mmol) with the modification that the aqueous hydroxide Sodium (35 mL 15%) was used in place of saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate during the workup procedure.
Part C.
The method described in Part D of Example 20 was used to perform the amination process of 2-methyl-1- (2-phenoxyethoxy) -177-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline (2.6 g, 7.8 mmol) using the following modifications. The reaction with sodium methoxide was stirred overnight at room temperature and then concentrated under reduced pressure. Chromatographic purification was performed and a yellow solid (1.7 g) was obtained, which was recrystallized twice, from hot toluene (50 ml), methanol (25 ml) and water (4 ml). The crystals were dried overnight under vacuum at 70 ° C to provide 1.11 g of 2-methyl-1- (2-phenoxyethoxy) -177-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine as a light brown solid , mp 237-239 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 335 (M + H.<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: Calculated for Ci<sub>9</sub>Hi<sub>8</sub>N<sub>4</sub>0<sub>2</sub>* 0.10 H.<sub>2</sub>O: C, 67.88; H, 5.46; N, 16.66. Found C, 67.52; H, 5.34; N, 16.51.
Example 32 1-Phenoxy-2-propyl-177-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0101.tif" />
Part A
The method of Part B of Example 20 was used by using N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) butyramide (3.5 g, 14 mmol) in place of 4-chloroquinolin-3-ylformamide and O-phenylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (2.3 g, 16 mmol) in place of O-ethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride in isopropanol (100 ml). The chromatographic purification was performed eluting with 5% methanol in dichloromethane containing 2 ml of aqueous ammonium hydroxide per liter of eluent to provide 1.58 g of 1-phenoxy-2-propyl-177imidazo [4.5-c] quinoline as a brown, foamy solid.
Hi B
The method described in Part C of Example 18 was used for the oxidation and amination of 1-phenoxy-2-propyl-177-imidazo [4,5-c] quinoline (1.58 g, 5.21 mmol) with the modification that the chromatographic purification was carried out by eluting with 5% methanol in dichloromethane containing 2 ml of aqueous ammonium hydroxide per liter of eluent. 1-phenoxy-2-propyl-177-imidazo [4,5c] quinoline-4-amine was obtained without further purification. HRMS (ESI) for Ci9Hi was calculated<sub>8</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O + H.<sup>+</sup>: 319.1559, found 319.1563.
Example 33
2 - [(4-Amino-2-propyl-1H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-1-yl) oxy] acetamide
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0102.tif" />
Part A
A solution of N- (4-chloroquinolin-3-yl) butyramide (20.0 g, 80.4 mmol) and O-benzylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (16.0 g, 0.100 mol) in ethanol (150 ml) was heated to reflux. reflux overnight and allowed to cool to room temperature. A precipitate was present and the mixture was cooled to about 0 ° C. The precipitate was collected by filtration and purified by column chromatography on Silica gel (eluting with 5% methanol in dichloromethane containing 3 ml of aqueous ammonium hydroxide per liter of eluent) to provide 1- (benzyloxy) -2-propyl-17H-imidazo [4 , 5-c] quinoline and 2-propyl-17H-imidiazo [4.5c] quinolin-1-ol.
Hi B
A solution of 2-propyl-17H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-1-ol (2.0 g, 8.8 mmol), bromoacetamide (1.9 g, 14 mmol) and triethylamine (2.8 ml , 0.020 mol) in THF (100 ml) was heated to reflux overnight. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and dichloromethane (75 ml) and saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (25 ml) were added to the residue. The resulting mixture was filtered to provide 2.1 g of 2 - [(2-propyl-17H-imidazo [4.5c] quinolin-1-yl) oxy] acetamide as a solid. The organic layer was separated and methanol was added until the precipitate dissolved. The solution was then dried over potassium carbonate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to provide an additional 0.13 g of material.
Part C.
A solution of 2 - [(2-propyl-17H -imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-1-yl) oxy] acetamide (2.7 g, 9.5 mmol) in dichloromethane (100 mL) was cooled to around 0 ° C and 3-chloroperbenzoic acid (3.2 g 77% pure material, 14 mmol) was added. The reaction was stirred for ten minutes at 0 ° C and for one hour at room temperature. Analysis by LC / MS indicated that no reaction had occurred; the starting material was completely insoluble. THF (40 ml) was added and the reaction was stirred for 23 hours. Analysis by LC / MS showed the presence of starting material and then dichloromethane (500 mL) was added. The reaction was stirred for 7 hours, allowed to stand for three days, then was concentrated under reduced pressure to provide 2 - [(5-oxido-2-propyl-17H-imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-1-yl) oxy] acetamide.
Hi
A slurry of Part C material in dichloromethane (100 mL) was cooled to about 0 ° C. Concentrated ammonium hydroxide (35 ml) was added with stirring followed by dropwise addition of a solution of benzenesulfonyl chloride (2.1 ml, 17 mmol) in dichloromethane (15 ml). After the addition was complete, the reaction was stirred for three hours at room temperature and concentrated under reduced pressure. Saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (100 mL) was added to the residue and the mixture was filtered to provide a brown solid. The solid was washed with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (100 mL), recrystallized 3 times from methanol / water, dried overnight under vacuum at 70 ° C, and recrystallized from methanol / water to provide 2 - [(4- amino-2-propyl-177-imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-1-yl) oxy] acetamide brown needles, mp 192-194 ° C. MS (APCI) m / z 300 (M + H.<sup>+</sup>); Anal .: calcd for C15H17N5O2: C, 60.19; H, 5.72; N, 23.40. Found C, 59.99; H, 5.46; N, 23.33. HRMS (ESI) for Ci<sub>5</sub>Hi<sub>7</sub>N<sub>5</sub>ABOUT<sub>2</sub> + H.<sup>+</sup>: 300.1461. Found 300.1455.
Example 34
2-Butyl-1-isopropoxy-177-imidazo [4,5-c] [1,5] naphthyridin-4-amine
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0103.tif" />
Part A
3-Nitro [1,5] naphthyridin-4-ol (40 g, 0.2 mol) was dissolved in water (80 ml) and triethylamine (60 ml) and the solution was added to a Parr vessel. Platinum on carbon (1.0 g 5%) was added, and the mixture was shaken under hydrogen pressure (40 psi, 2.8 x 105 Pa) overnight. The vessel was pressurized again and the mixture was shaken under pressure for four hours. The vessel was purged with nitrogen, and the reaction mixture was filtered through a pad of CELITE filter medium. The filter cake was washed with water and methanol, and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to a volume of 150 ml. A precipitate formed, and it was isolated by filtration to provide 24.6 g of 3-amino [1,5] naphthyridin-4-ol as a yellow solid. The filter cake was washed again with water (500 mL at 80 ° C) and the filtrate was concentrated to a volume of 100 mL. A precipitate formed, and it was isolated by filtration to provide an additional 0.7 g of 3-amino [1,5] naphthyridin-4-ol as a yellow solid.
Hi B
A solution of valeryl chloride (4.4 ml, 37 mmol) in dichloromethane (25 ml) was added dropwise to a stirred suspension of 3-amino [1.5] naphthyridin-4-ol (5.0 g, 31 mmol) and triethylamine (6.0 g, 31 mmol). 6 mL, 47 mmol) in dichloromethane (100 mL) and the reaction was stirred
-92 for three days at room temperature. Analysis by LC / MS showed the reaction was complete after 1.5 hours. Volatiles were removed under reduced pressure and the residue was stirred with water (100 mL) for 15 minutes. The resulting solid was isolated by filtration methods and washed with water (100 mL) and diethyl ether (4 x 50 mL) to afford 5.35 g of N- (4-hydroxy [1,5] naphthyridin-3-yl) ) pentanamide.
Part C.
A mixture of N- (4-hydroxy [1,5] naphthyridin-3-yl) pentanamide (2.5 g, 11 mmol), N-phenyl-bis (trifluoromethanesulfonimide) (4.6 g, 13 mmol) and triethylamine (2.2 mL, 16 mmol) in DMF (25 mL) was stirred at room temperature for one hour, heated to 75 ° C for one hour, and stirred at room temperature for three days. Analysis by LC / MS showed the presence of starting material and the reaction was heated at 75 ° C overnight, allowed to come to room temperature. The mixture was poured onto ice (200 g) and stirred for one hour. A precipitate was formed which was collected by filtration. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to provide 2.7 g of 3- (pentanoylamino) [1,5] naphthyridin-4-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate as a brown oil.
Hi
Solution of 3- (pentanoylamino) [1,5] naphthyridin-4-yl triflate (2.7 g, 7.2 mmol), O-isopropylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (1.1 g, 9.9 mmol) and isopropanol (50 ml) solution it was heated to reflux for six hours, allowed to cool to room temperature, stirred overnight, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was mixed with dichloromethane (100 ml) and saturated aqueous sodium carbonate (50 ml) for 15 minutes. The organic layer was separated and dried over potassium carbonate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product (2.3 g) was purified by column chromatography on Silica Gel (eluting with 5% methanol in dichloromethane containing 2 mL aqueous ammonium hydroxide per liter of eluent) to provide 0.40 g of 2-butyl-1-isopropoxy-U / -imidazo [4,5-c] [1,5] naphthyridine in oily form.
Part E.
A solution of 2-butyl-1-isopropoxy-U1 -imidazo [4,5-c] [1,5] naphthyridine (0.40 g, 1.4 mmol) in dichloromethane (25 mL) was cooled to about 0 ° C, and 3-chloroperbenzoic acid (0.42 g about 77% pure material, 1.9 mmol) was added. The reaction was stirred for ten minutes at 0 ° C, stirred for 1.5 hours at room temperature, and then stirred with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate (25 mL) for 15 minutes. The organic layer was separated and dried over potassium carbonate, filtered, and concentrated under reduced pressure to provide 0.42 g of 2-butyl-1-isopropoxy-5-oxydo-U / -imidazo [4.5c] [1.5] naphthyridine as yellow oil.
- 93 Part F
Trichloroacetyl isocyanate (0.21 mL, 1.8 mmol) was added to a cooled (ice bath) solution of Part E N-oxide in dichloromethane (20 mL). After 15 minutes, the ice bath was removed and the reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature. After 1 hour, methanol (5 ml) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 5 minutes and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was mixed with methanol (10 ml) and sodium methoxide (0.5 ml of 25% in methanol). The reaction mixture was stirred overnight and concentrated under reduced pressure to provide 2-butyl-1-isopropoxy-1H-imidazo [4,5-c] | 1,5] naphthyridin-4-amine. HRMS (ESI) for Ci<sub>6</sub>H.<sub>2</sub>iN<sub>5</sub>O + H.<sup>+</sup>: 300.1824, found 300.1824
Examples of Compounds
Some exemplary compounds, including those described above in the Examples, have the following formulas (LII, LIII, LIV, LV, LVI or LVII) and the following Ri and R<sub>2</sub>where each line of the table is related to the formula: LII, LIII, LIV, LV, LVI or LVII so that they represent a specific relationship.
<img file="PL1789042T3_D0104.tif" />
<td>methyl</td><td>«-Propyl</td>
<td>methyl</td><td>"-butyl</td>
<td>methyl</td><td>methoxymethyl</td>
<td>methyl</td><td>ethoxymethyl</td>
<td>methyl</td><td>2-methoxyethyl</td>
<td>methyl</td><td>hydroxymethyl</td>
<td>methyl</td><td>2-hydroxyethyl</td>
<td>methyl</td><td>3-hydroxypropyl</td>
<td>methyl</td><td>isopropyl</td>
<td>methyl</td><td>sec-butyl</td>
<td>methyl</td><td>tert-butyl</td>
<td>methyl</td><td>isopropenyl</td>
<td>methyl</td><td>cyclopentyl</td>
<td>methyl</td><td>cyclohexyl</td>
<td>methyl</td><td>1-hydroxyethyl</td>
<td>methyl</td><td>2-hydroxy-1-methyl oethyl</td>
<td>methyl</td><td>tetrahydrofuran-3-yl</td>
<td>methyl</td><td>tetrahydropyran-4-yl</td>
<td>ethyl</td><td>hydrogen</td>
<td>ethyl</td><td>methyl</td>
<td>ethyl</td><td>ethyl</td>
<td>ethyl</td><td>72-propyl</td>
<td>ethyl</td><td>72-butyl</td>
<td>ethyl</td><td>methoxymethyl</td>
<td>ethyl</td><td>ethoxymethyl</td>
<td>ethyl</td><td>2-methoxyethyl</td>
<td>ethyl</td><td>hydroxymethyl</td>
<td>ethyl</td><td>2-hydroxyethyl</td>
<td>ethyl</td><td>3-hydroxypropyl</td>
<td>ethyl</td><td>isopropyl</td>
<td>ethyl</td><td>sec-butyl</td>
<td>ethyl</td><td>Zc / 7-butyl</td>
<td>ethyl</td><td>isopropenyl</td>
<td>ethyl</td><td>cyclopentyl</td>
<td>ethyl</td><td>cyclohexyl</td>
<td>ethyl</td><td>1-hydroxyethyl</td>
<td>ethyl</td><td>2-hydroxy-1-methyl oethyl</td>
<td>ethyl</td><td>tetrahydrofuran-3-yl</td>
<td>ethyl</td><td>tetrahydropyran-4-yl</td>
<td>n-propyl</td><td>hydrogen</td>
<td>// - propyl</td><td>methyl</td>
<td>n-propyl</td><td>ethyl</td>
<td>n-propyl</td><td>n-propyl</td>
<td>n-propyl</td><td>n-butyl</td>
<td>n-propyl</td><td>methoxymethyl</td>
<td>n-propyl</td><td>ethoxymethyl</td>
<td>n-propyl</td><td>2-methoxyethyl</td>
<td>n-propyl</td><td>hydroxymethyl</td>
<td>n-propyl</td><td>2-hydroxy ethyl</td>
<td>n-propyl</td><td>3 -hydroxypropyl</td>
<td>n-propyl</td><td>isopropyl</td>
<td>n-propyl</td><td>sec-butyl</td>
<td>n-propyl</td><td>tert-butyl</td>
<td>n-propyl</td><td>isopropenyl</td>
<td>n-propyl</td><td>cyclopentyl</td>
<td>n-propyl</td><td>cyclohexyl</td>
<td>n-propyl</td><td>1-hydroxyethyl</td>
<td>n-propyl</td><td>2-hydroxy-1-methyl oethyl</td>
<td>n-propyl</td><td>tetrahydrofuran-3-yl</td>
<td>n-propyl</td><td>tetrahydropyran-4-yl</td>
<td>isopropyl</td><td>hydrogen</td>
<td>isopropyl</td><td>methyl</td>
<td>isopropyl</td><td>ethyl</td>
<td>isopropyl</td><td>n-propyl</td>
<td>isopropyl</td><td>n-butyl</td>
<td>isopropyl</td><td>methoxymethyl</td>
<td>isopropyl</td><td>ethoxymethyl</td>
<td>isopropyl</td><td>2-methoxyethyl</td>
<td>isopropyl</td><td>hydroxymethyl</td>
<td>isopropyl</td><td>2-hydroxyethyl</td>
<td>isopropyl</td><td>3 -hydroxypropyl</td>
<td>isopropyl</td><td>isopropyl</td>
<td>isopropyl</td><td>sec-butyl</td>
<td>isopropyl</td><td>tert-butyl</td>
<td>isopropyl</td><td>isopropenyl</td>
<td>isopropyl</td><td>cyclopentyl</td>
<td>isopropyl</td><td>cyclohexyl</td>
<td>isopropyl</td><td>1-hydroxy ethyl</td>
<td>isopropyl</td><td>2-hydroxy-1-methylethyl</td>
<td>isopropyl</td><td>tetrahydrofuran-3-yl</td>
<td>isopropyl</td><td>tetrahydropyran-4-yl</td>
<td>n-butyl</td><td>hydrogen</td>
<td>n-butyl</td><td>methyl</td>
<td>n-butyl</td><td>ethyl</td>
<td>n-butyl</td><td>n-propyl</td>
<td>n-butyl</td><td>n-butyl</td>
<td>n-butyl</td><td>methoxymethyl</td>
<td>n-butyl</td><td>ethoxymethyl</td>
<td>n-butyl</td><td>2-methoxyethyl</td>
<td>n-butyl</td><td>hydroxymethyl</td>
<td>n-butyl</td><td>2-hydroxyethyl</td>
<td>η -butyl</td><td>3 -hydroxypropyl</td>
<td>η -butyl</td><td>isopropyl</td>
<td>η -butyl</td><td>sec -butyl</td>
<td>η -butyl</td><td>tert-butyl</td>
<td>η -butyl</td><td>isopropenyl</td>
<td>η -butyl</td><td>cyclopentyl</td>
<td>η -butyl</td><td>cyclohexyl</td>
<td>η -butyl</td><td>1-hydroxy ethyl</td>
<td>η -butyl</td><td>2-hydroxy-1-methyl oethyl</td>
<td>η -butyl</td><td>tetrahydrofuran-3-yl</td>
<td>η -butyl</td><td>tetrahydropyran-4-yl</td>
<td>isobutyl</td><td>hydrogen</td>
<td>isobutyl</td><td>methyl</td>
<td>isobutyl</td><td>ethyl</td>
<td>isobutyl</td><td>n-propyl</td>
<td>isobutyl</td><td>n-butyl</td>
<td>isobutyl</td><td>methoxymethyl</td>
<td>isobutyl</td><td>ethoxymethyl</td>
<td>isobutyl</td><td>2-methoxyethyl</td>
<td>isobutyl</td><td>hydroxymethyl</td>
<td>isobutyl</td><td>2-hydroxyethyl</td>
<td>isobutyl</td><td>3-hydroxypropyl</td>
<td>isobutyl</td><td>isopropyl</td>
<td>isobutyl</td><td>sec -butyl</td>
<td>isobutyl</td><td>tert-butyl</td>
<td>isobutyl</td><td>isopropenyl</td>
<td>isobutyl</td><td>cyclopentyl</td>
<td>isobutyl</td><td>cyclohexyl</td>
<td>isobutyl</td><td>1-hydroxy ethyl</td>
<td>isobutyl</td><td>2-hydroxy-1-methyl ethyl</td>
<td>isobutyl</td><td>tetrahydrofuran-3-yl</td>
<td>isobutyl</td><td>tetrahydropyran-4-yl</td>
<td>cyclohexyl</td><td>hydrogen</td>
<td>cyclohexyl</td><td>methyl</td>
<td>cyclohexyl</td><td>ethyl</td>
<td>cyclohexyl</td><td>n-propyl</td>
<td>cyclohexyl</td><td>n-butyl</td>
<td>cyclohexyl</td><td>methoxymethyl</td>
<td>cyclohexyl</td><td>ethoxymethyl</td>
<td>cyclohexyl</td><td>2-methoxyethyl</td>
<td>cyclohexyl</td><td>hydroxymethyl</td>
<td>cyclohexyl</td><td>2-hydroxy ethyl</td>
<td>cyclohexyl</td><td>3-hydroxypropyl</td>
<td>cyclohexyl</td><td>isopropyl</td>
<td>cyclohexyl</td><td>sec -butyl</td>
<td>cyclohexyl</td><td>tert-butyl</td>
<td>cyclohexyl</td><td>isopropenyl</td>
<td>cyclohexyl</td><td>cyclopentyl</td>
<td>cyclohexyl</td><td>cyclohexyl</td>
<td>cyclohexyl</td><td>1-hydroxyethyl</td>
<td>cyclohexyl</td><td>2-hydroxy-1-methyl ethyl</td>
<td>cyclohexyl</td><td>tetrahydrofuran-3-yl</td>
<td>cyclohexyl</td><td>tetrahydropyran-4-yl</td>
<td>benzyl</td><td>hydrogen</td>
<td>benzyl</td><td>methyl</td>
<td>benzyl</td><td>ethyl</td>
<td>benzyl</td><td>n-propyl</td>
<td>benzyl</td><td>n-butyl</td>
<td>benzyl</td><td>methoxymethyl</td>
<td>benzyl</td><td>ethoxymethyl</td>
<td>benzyl</td><td>2-methoxyethyl</td>
<td>benzyl</td><td>hydroxymethyl</td>
<td>benzyl</td><td>2-hydroxyethyl</td>
<td>benzyl</td><td>3-hydroxypropyl</td>
<td>benzyl</td><td>isopropyl</td>
<td>benzyl</td><td>sec -butyl</td>
<td>benzyl</td><td>tert-butyl</td>
<td>benzyl</td><td>isopropenyl</td>
<td>benzyl</td><td>cyclopentyl</td>
<td>benzyl</td><td>cyclohexyl</td>
<td>benzyl</td><td>1-hydroxy ethyl</td>
<td>benzyl</td><td>2-hydroxy-1-methyl oethyl</td>
<td>benzyl</td><td>tetrahydrofuran-3-yl</td>
<td>benzyl</td><td>tetrahydropyran-4-yl</td>
<td>phenyl</td><td>hydrogen</td>
<td>phenyl</td><td>methyl</td>
<td>phenyl</td><td>ethyl</td>
<td>phenyl</td><td>n-propyl</td>
<td>phenyl</td><td>n-butyl</td>
<td>phenyl</td><td>methoxymethyl</td>
<td>phenyl</td><td>ethoxymethyl</td>
<td>phenyl</td><td>2-methoxyethyl</td>
<td>phenyl</td><td>hydroxymethyl</td>
<td>phenyl</td><td>2-hydroxyethyl</td>
<td>phenyl</td><td>3-hydroxypropyl</td>
<td>phenyl</td><td>isopropyl</td>
<td>phenyl</td><td>sec -butyl</td>
<td>phenyl</td><td>tert-butyl</td>
<td>phenyl</td><td>isopropenyl</td>
- 100-
<td>phenyl</td><td>cyclopentyl</td>
<td>phenyl</td><td>cyclohexyl</td>
<td>phenyl</td><td>1-hydroxy ethyl</td>
<td>phenyl</td><td>2-hydroxy-1-methyl oethyl</td>
<td>phenyl</td><td>tetrahydrofuran-3-yl</td>
<td>phenyl</td><td>tetrahydropyran-4-yl</td>
<td>3-phenylpropyl</td><td>hydrogen</td>
<td>3-phenylpropyl</td><td>methyl</td>
<td>3-phenylpropyl</td><td>ethyl</td>
<td>3-phenylpropyl</td><td>n-propyl</td>
<td>3-phenylpropyl</td><td>n-butyl</td>
<td>3-phenylpropyl</td><td>methoxymethyl</td>
<td>3-phenylpropyl</td><td>ethoxymethyl</td>
<td>3-phenylpropyl</td><td>2-methoxyethyl</td>
<td>3-phenylpropyl</td><td>hydroxymethyl</td>
<td>3-phenylpropyl</td><td>2-hydroxy ethyl</td>
<td>3-phenylpropyl</td><td>3 -hydroxypropyl</td>
<td>3-phenylpropyl</td><td>isopropyl</td>
<td>3-phenylpropyl</td><td>sec -butyl</td>
<td>3-phenylpropyl</td><td>tert-butyl</td>
<td>3-phenylpropyl</td><td>isopropenyl</td>
<td>3-phenylpropyl</td><td>cyclopentyl</td>
<td>3-phenylpropyl</td><td>cyclohexyl</td>
<td>3-phenylpropyl</td><td>1-hydroxy ethyl</td>
<td>3-phenylpropyl</td><td>2-hydroxy-1-methyl oethyl</td>
<td>3-phenylpropyl</td><td>tetrahydrofuran-3-yl</td>
<td>3-phenylpropyl</td><td>tetrahydropyran-4-yl</td>
<td>(pyridin-3-yl) methyl</td><td>hydrogen</td>
<td>(pyridin-3-yl) methyl</td><td>methyl</td>
<td>(pyridin-3-yl) methyl</td><td>ethyl</td>
- 101 -
<td>(pyridin-3-yl) methyl</td><td>n-propyl</td>
<td>(pyridin-3-yl) methyl</td><td>n-butyl</td>
<td>(pyridin-3-yl) methyl</td><td>methoxymethyl</td>
<td>(pyridin-3-yl) methyl</td><td>ethoxymethyl</td>
<td>(pyridin-3-yl) methyl</td><td>2-methoxyethyl</td>
<td>(pyridin-3-yl) methyl</td><td>hydroxymethyl</td>
<td>(pyridin-3-yl) methyl</td><td>2-hydroxyethyl</td>
<td>(pyridin-3-yl) methyl</td><td>3 -hydroxypropyl</td>
<td>(pyridin-3-yl) methyl</td><td>isopropyl</td>
<td>(pyridin-3-yl) methyl</td><td>sec -butyl</td>
<td>(pyridin-3-yl) methyl</td><td>tert-butyl</td>
<td>(pyridin-3-yl) methyl</td><td>isopropenyl</td>
<td>(pyridin-3-yl) methyl</td><td>cyclopentyl</td>
<td>(pyridin-3-yl) methyl</td><td>cyclohexyl</td>
<td>(pyridin-3-yl) methyl</td><td>1-hydroxyethyl</td>
<td>(pyridin-3-yl) methyl</td><td>2-hydroxy-1-methyl oethyl</td>
<td>(pyridin-3-yl) methyl</td><td>tetrahydrofuran-3-yl</td>
<td>(pyridin-3-yl) methyl</td><td>tetrahydropyran-4-yl</td>
<td>3 - [(methanesulfonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>hydrogen</td>
<td>3 - [(methanesulfonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>methyl</td>
<td>3 - [(methanesulfonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>ethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(methanesulfonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>n-propyl</td>
<td>3 - [(methanesulfonyl) aminolpropyl</td><td>n-butyl</td>
<td>3 - [(methanesulfonyl) aminolpropyl</td><td>methoxymethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(methanesulfonyl) aminolpropyl</td><td>ethoxymethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(methanesulfonyl) aminolpropyl</td><td>2-methoxyethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(methanesulfonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>hydroxymethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(methanesulfonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>2-hydroxyethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(methanesulfonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>3 -hydroxypropyl</td>
<td>3 - [(methanesulfonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>isopropyl</td>
- 102-
<td>3 - [(methanesulfonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>sec-butyl</td>
<td>3 - [(methanesulfonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>/ c / 7-butyl</td>
<td>3 - [(methanesulfonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>isopropenyl</td>
<td>3 - [(methanesulfonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>cyclopentyl</td>
<td>3 - [(metlianesulfonyl) aniino] propyl</td><td>cyclohexyl</td>
<td>3 - [(methanesulfonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>1-hydroxyethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(methanesulfonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>2-hydroxy-1-methyl oethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(methanesulfonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>tetrahy drofuran-3-yl</td>
<td>3 - [(methanesulfonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>tetrahydropyran-4-yl</td>
<td>3 - (acetylamino) propyl</td><td>hydrogen</td>
<td>3 - (acetylamino) propyl</td><td>methyl</td>
<td>3 - (acetylamino) propyl</td><td>ethyl</td>
<td>3 - (acetylamino) propyl</td><td>n-propyl</td>
<td>3 - (acetylamino) propyl</td><td>n-butyl</td>
<td>3 - (acetylamino) propyl</td><td>methoxymethyl</td>
<td>3 - (acetylamino) propyl</td><td>ethoxymethyl</td>
<td>3 - (acetylamino) propyl</td><td>2-methoxyethyl</td>
<td>3 - (acetylamino) propyl</td><td>hydroxymethyl</td>
<td>3 - (acetylamino) propyl</td><td>2-hydroxy ethyl</td>
<td>3 - (acetylamino) propyl</td><td>3-hydroxypropyl</td>
<td>3 - (acetylamino) propyl</td><td>isopropyl</td>
<td>3 - (acetylamino) propyl</td><td>sec -butyl</td>
<td>3 - (acetylamino) propyl</td><td>tert-bifoj \</td>
<td>3 - (acetylamino) propyl</td><td>isopropenyl</td>
<td>3 - (acetylamino) propyl</td><td>cyclopentyl</td>
<td>3 - (acetylamino) propyl</td><td>cyclohexyl</td>
<td>3 - (acetylamino) propyl</td><td>1-hydroxyethyl</td>
<td>3 - (acetylamino) propyl</td><td>2-hydroxy-1-methyl oethyl</td>
<td>3 - (acetylamino) propyl</td><td>tetrahy drofuran-3-yl</td>
<td>3 - (acetylamino) propyl</td><td>tetrahydropyran-4-yl</td>
- 103 -
<td>3 - [(isopropylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>hydrogen</td>
<td>3 - [(isopropylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>methyl</td>
<td>3 - [(isopropylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>ethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(isopropylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>n-propyl</td>
<td>3 - [(isopropylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>n-butyl</td>
<td>3 - [(isopropylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>methoxymethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(isopropylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>ethoxymethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(isopropylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>2-methoxyethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(isopropylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>hydroxymethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(isopropylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>2-hydroxyethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(isopropylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>3 -hydroxypropyl</td>
<td>3 - [(isopropylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>isopropyl</td>
<td>3 - [(isopropylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>sec -butyl</td>
<td>3 - [(isopropylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>tert-butyl</td>
<td>3 - [(isopropylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>isopropenyl</td>
<td>3 - [(isopropylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>cyclopentyl</td>
<td>3 - [(isopropylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>cyclohexyl</td>
<td>3 - [(isopropylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>1-hydroxyethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(isopropylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>2-hydroxy-1-methyl oethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(isopropylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>tetrahydrofuran-3-yl</td>
<td>3 - [(isopropylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>tetrahydropyran-4-yl</td>
<td>3 - [(cyclohexylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>hydrogen</td>
<td>3 - [(cyclohexylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>methyl</td>
<td>3 - [(cyclohexylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>ethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(cyclohexylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>n-propyl</td>
<td>3 - [(cyclohexylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>n-butyl</td>
<td>3 - [(cyclohexylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>methoxymethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(cyclohexylcarbonyl) axnino] propyl</td><td>ethoxymethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(cyclohexylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>2-methoxyethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(cyclohexylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>hydroxymethyl</td>
- 104-
<td>3 - [(cyclohexylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>2-hydroxyethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(cyclohexylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>3 -hydroxypropyl</td>
<td>3 - [(cyclohexylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>isopropyl</td>
<td>3 - [(cyclohexylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>sec -butyl</td>
<td>3 - [(cyclohexylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>tert-butyl</td>
<td>3 - [(cyclohexylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>isopropenyl</td>
<td>3 - [(cyclohexylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>cyclopentyl</td>
<td>3 - [(cyclohexylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>cyclohexyl</td>
<td>3 - [(cyclohexylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>1-hydroxyethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(cyclohexylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>2-hydroxy-1-methyl oethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(cyclohexylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>tetrahydrofuran-3-yl</td>
<td>3 - [(cyclohexylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>tetrahydropyran-4-yl</td>
<td>3 - [(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>hydrogen</td>
<td>3 - [(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>methyl</td>
<td>3 - [(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>ethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>n-propyl</td>
<td>3 - [(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>n-butyl</td>
<td>3 - [(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>methoxymethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>ethoxymethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>2-methoxyethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>hydroxymethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>2-hydroxyethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>3 -hydroxypropyl</td>
<td>3 - [(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>isopropyl</td>
<td>3 - [(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>sec -butyl</td>
<td>3 - [(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>tert-butyl</td>
<td>3 - [(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>isopropenyl</td>
<td>3 - [(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>cyclopentyl</td>
<td>3 - [(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>cyclohexyl</td>
<td>3 - [(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>1-hydroxyethyl</td>
- 105 -
<td>3 - [(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>2-hydroxy-1-methyl oethyl</td>
<td>3 - [(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>tetrahydrofuran-3-yl</td>
<td>3 - [(morpholin-4-ylcarbonyl) amino] propyl</td><td>tetrahydropyran-4-yl</td>
<td>3 - {[(isopropylamino) carbonyl] amino} propyl</td><td>hydrogen</td>
<td>3 - {[(isopropylamino) carbonyl] amino} propyl</td><td>methyl</td>
<td>3 - {[(isopropylamino) carbonyl] amino} propyl</td><td>ethyl</td>
<td>3 - {[(isopropylamino) carbonyl] amino} propyl</td><td>// - propyl</td>
<td>3 - {[(isopropylamino) carbonyl] amino} propyl</td><td>n-butyl</td>
<td>3 - {[(isopropylamino) carbonyl] amino} propyl</td><td>methoxymethyl</td>
<td>3 - {[(isopropylamino) carbonyl] amino} propyl</td><td>ethoxymethyl</td>
<td>3 - {[(isopropylamino) carbonyl] amino} propyl</td><td>2-methoxyethyl</td>
<td>3 - {[(isopropylamino) carbonyl] amino} propyl</td><td>hydroxymethyl</td>
<td>3 - {[(isopropylamino) carbonyl] amino} propyl</td><td>2-hydroxy ethyl</td>
<td>3 - {[(isopropylamino) carbonyl] amino} propyl</td><td>3 -hydroxypropyl</td>
<td>3 - {[(isopropylamino) carbonyl] amino} propyl</td><td>isopropyl</td>
<td>3 - {[(isopropylamino) carbonyl] amino} propyl</td><td>sec -butyl</td>
<td>3 - {[(isopropylamino) carbonyl] amino} propyl</td><td>tert-butyl</td>
<td>3 - {[(isopropylamino) carbonyl] amino} propyl</td><td>isopropenyl</td>
<td>3 - {[(isopropylamino) carbonyl] amino} propyl</td><td>cyclopentyl</td>
<td>3 - {[(isopropylamino) carbonyl] amino} propyl</td><td>cyclohexyl</td>
<td>3 - {[(isopropylamino) carbonyl] amino} propyl</td><td>1-hydroxy ethyl</td>
<td>3 - {[(isopropylamino) carbonyl] amino} propyl</td><td>2-hydroxy-1-methyl oethyl</td>
<td>3 - {[(isopropylamino) carbonyl] amino} propyl</td><td>tetrahydrofuran-3-yl</td>
<td>3 - {[(isopropylamino) carbonyl] amino} propyl</td><td>tetrahydropyran-4-yl</td>
<td>2- (morpholin-4-yl) -2-oxoethyl</td><td>hydrogen</td>
<td>2- (morpholin-4-yl) -2-oxoethyl</td><td>methyl</td>
<td>2- (morpholin-4-yl) -2-oxoethyl</td><td>ethyl</td>
<td>2- (morpholin-4-yl) -2-oxoethyl</td><td>n-propyl</td>
<td>2- (morpholin-4-yl) -2-oxoethyl</td><td>n-butyl</td>
<td>2- (morpholin-4-yl) -2-oxoethyl</td><td>methoxymethyl</td>
- 106 -
<td>2- (morpholin-4-yl) -2-oxoethyl</td><td>ethoxymethyl</td>
<td>2- (morpholin-4-yl) -2-oxoethyl</td><td>2-methoxyethyl</td>
<td>2- (morpholin-4-yl) -2-oxoethyl</td><td>hydroxymethyl</td>
<td>2- (morpholin-4-yl) -2-oxoethyl</td><td>2-hydroxyethyl</td>
<td>2- (morpholin-4-yl) -2-oxoethyl</td><td>3-hydroxypropyl</td>
<td>2- (morpholin-4-yl) -2-oxoethyl</td><td>isopropyl</td>
<td>2- (morpholin-4-yl) -2-oxoethyl</td><td>sec -butyl</td>
<td>2- (morpholin-4-yl) -2-oxoethyl</td><td>tert-butyl</td>
<td>2- (morpholin-4-yl) -2-oxoethyl</td><td>isopropenyl</td>
<td>2- (morpholin-4-yl) -2-oxoethyl</td><td>cyclopentyl</td>
<td>2- (morpholin-4-yl) -2-oxoethyl</td><td>cyclohexyl</td>
<td>2- (morpholin-4-yl) -2-oxoethyl</td><td>1-hydroxy ethyl</td>
<td>2- (morpholin-4-yl) -2-oxoethyl</td><td>2-hydroxy-1-methyl oethyl</td>
<td>2- (morpholin-4-yl) -2-oxoethyl</td><td>tetrahydrofuran-3-yl</td>
<td>2- (morpholin-4-yl) -2-oxoethyl</td><td>tetrahydropyran-4-yl</td>
It was found, when tested in the methods described below, that the compounds of the invention modulate cytokine biosynthesis by inducing the production of interferon a and / or tumor necrosis factor in human cells.
INDUCTION OF CITOKINES IN HUMAN CELLS
The in vitro blood cell system is used to achieve cytokine induction. Activity is based on measuring the amount of interferon (a) and tumor necrosis factor (a) (IFN-a and TFN-a, respectively) secreted into the culture medium as described in Testerman et al. "Cytokine Induction by the Immunomodulators Imiquimodand S-27609 Journal of Leukocyte Biology, 58, 365-372 (September, 1995).
Preparation of Blood Cells for Culture
All blood from healthy donors is collected by puncture into vacutainer tubes or EDTA-containing syringes. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are separated from whole blood by gradient centrifugation using HISTOPAQUE-1077 (Sigma, St. Louis, MO) or Ficoll-Paque Plus (Amersham Biosciences Piscataway, NJ). The blood is diluted 1: 1 with Dulbecco's Phosphate Buffered Saline (DPBS) or Hank's Biological Solution (HBSS). Alternatively, all blood is placed in an Accuspin system (sigma) or LeucoSep tubes (Greiner Bio-One, Inc., Longwood, FL) for centrifugation containing a density gradient medium. The PBMC layer is collected and washed twice with DPBS or HBSS and resuspended at 4 × 10<sup>6</sup> cells / milliliter in full
- 107medium RPMI. The PBMC suspension is added to 96-well flat bottom tissue culture plates containing an equal amount of complete RPMI medium containing the test compound.
Preparation of compounds
The compounds are dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The DMSO concentration should not exceed a final concentration of 1% to be added to the culture wells. Compounds are generally tested at concentrations ranging from 30-0.014 µΜ. Controls include media only cells, DMSO only (no compound) cells, and reference compound cells.
Incubation
The test compound solution is added at a concentration of 60 µΜ to the first well containing the complete RPMI medium, and then serial 3-fold dilutions are made in the wells. The PBMS suspension is then added to the wells in an equal volume bringing the concentration of the test compound within the desired range (typically 30-0.014 µM). The final concentration of the PBMC suspension is 2 x 10<sup>6</sup> cells / ml. Plates are covered with sterile plastic lids, gently shaken and then incubated for 18 hours to 24 hours at 37 ° C in a 5% carbon dioxide atmosphere.
Chapter
After incubation, plates are centrifuged for 10 minutes at 1000 rpm (approximately 200 xg) at 4 ° C. The decellularized supernatant is removed and transferred to sterile polypropylene vials. The samples are kept at -30 ° C to -70 ° C until analysis. The samples are analyzed for IFN-a by ELISA and for TNF-a by IGEN / BioVeris.
Analysis of interferon (a) and tumor necrosis factor (a)
IFN-α concentration is determined using a human multi-subtype calorimetric "sandwich" ELISA (Cat. No. 4105) from PBL Biomedical Laboratories, Piscataway, NJ. Results are expressed in pg / ml.
TFN-α concentration is determined using the ORIGEN M-Series immunoassay and read from the IGEN M-8 analyzer from BioVeris Corporation, formerly known as IGEN International, Gaithersburg, MD. The immunoassay uses TFN-α capture and detection of an antibody pair (Part Numbers AHC3419 and AHC3712) from Biosource International, Camarillo, CA. Results are expressed in pg / ml.
Data from Test and Analysis
In general, the data obtained after the test was performed contain information on the concentrations of TFN-α and IFN-α (y axis) as a function of compound concentration (x axis).
Data analysis consists of two stages. First, the mean background DMSO value (control wells containing DMSO) is subtracted from each reading
- 108 experimental (usually 20 pg / ml for IFN-α and 40 pg / ml for TFN-α). If this operation shows a negative value anywhere after subtracting the background, the reading is displayed as a "*" and marked as undetectable. In the subsequent calculations and statistics, the entry "*" is treated as a zero value. Further, all values from which the background value has been subtracted are multiplied by a single correction factor to bring the experiment only to values representing its variation. The correction factor is the area of the reference compound in the new experiment divided by the expected area of the reference compound based on the previous 61 experiments (uncorrected readings). This re-scales the reading (y-axis) for new data without changing the shape of the dose response curve. The reference used is 2- [4-amino-2-ethoxymethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-α, α-dimethyl-N -imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-1-yl] ethanol hydrate (US 5,352,784 ; Example 91) and the expected area is the sum of the median dose values from the previous 61 experiments.
The minimum effective concentration is calculated from the factor corrected, after background subtraction, the experimental and compound results. The minimum effective concentration (pmolame) is the lowest of the tested compound concentrations that elicits a response at a constant cytokine concentration for the test cytokine (typically 20 pg / ml for IFN-α and 40 pg / ml for TNF-α). The maximum response is the maximum dose of cytokines (pg / ml) produced in response to a dose.
INDUCTION OF CITOKINES IN HUMAN CELLS (High Efficient Screening)
The human cell cytokine induction test method described above has been modified as follows to perform high-throughput screening.
Preparation of Blood Cells for Culture
Whole blood from a healthy human donor was collected by puncture into vacutainer tubes or EDTA-containing syringes. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are separated from whole blood by gradient centrifugation using HISTOPAQUE-1077 (Sigma, St. Louis, MO) or Ficoll-Paque Plus (Amersham Biosciences Piscataway, NJ). All blood is loaded into the Accuspin system (Sigma) or LeucoSep centrifuge tubes (Greiner Bio-One, Inc., Longwood, FL) containing a density gradient medium. The PBMC layer is collected and washed twice with DPBS or HBSS and resuspended at a density of 4 x 10<sup>6</sup> cells / ml in complete RPMI medium (2-fold final cell concentration). The PBMC suspension is added to 96 well flat bottomed culture plates.
Preparation of the Union
The compounds are dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Compounds are generally tested at concentrations ranging from 30-0.014μΜ. Controls include cells with medium only, cells with DMSO only (no compound), and cells with reference compound
- 109 with 2- [4-3amino-2-ethoxymethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-α, α-dimethyl-1H-imidazo [4,5c] quinolin-1-yl] ethanol hydrate (US 5,352,784; Example 91 ) on each plate. The test compound solution is added at a concentration of 7.5 mM to the first well of the plate, and then three-fold serial dilutions are made for the next 7 concentrations in DMSO. The complete RPMI medium is then added to test for compound dilution to achieve final compound concentrations 2 times higher (60-0.028μΜ) than the final concentration range tested.
Incubation
The compound solution is then added to the wells containing the PBMC suspension bringing the compound concentrations to the desired range (typically 30μΜ - 0.014μΜ) and the DMSO concentration to 0.4%. The final concentration of PBMC suspension is 2 × 10<sup>6 </sup>cells / milliliter. The plates are covered with plastic sterile lids, gently mixed and then incubated for 18 to 24 hours at 37 ° C in a 5% carbon dioxide atmosphere.
Chapter
After incubation, plates were centrifuged for 10 minutes at 1000 rpm (approximately 200 g) at 4 ° C. 96-well 4-plex plates Human Panel MSD MULTI-SPOT are already coated with suitable catching antibodies by MesoScale Discovery, Inc. (MSD, Gaithersburg, MD). Supernatants with no cells are removed and transferred to MSD plates. Fresh samples are typically tested, although they may be kept at a temperature between -30 ° C and -70 ° C until analysis is performed.
Analysis of Interferon-α and Tumor Necrosis Factor
MSD MULTI-SPOT plates contain human TNF-α and human IFN-α scavenger antibodies inside each well, which have been pre-coated in specific sites. Each well contains four such sites: a human TNF-α trap site (MSD), a human IFN-α trap site (PBL Biomedical Laboratories, Piscataway, NJ), and two sites for inactive bovine serum. The antibody pair for capturing and detecting TNF-α is from MesoScale Discover. Human IFN-α multi-subtype antibody (PBL Biomedical Laboratories) catches all IFN-α molecule subtypes except IFN-αF (IFNA21). The standards consist of recombinant human TNF-α (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN) and IFN-α (PBL Biomedical Laboratories) molecules. Samples and separate standards are added to each MSD plate during analysis. Two human antibodies for the detection of IFN-α (Catalog Numbers 21112 & 21100, PBL) are used in a two-to-one (mass: mass) ratio to each other to determine the IFN-α concentrations. Cytokine-specific antibodies for the detection of this molecule are labeled with the SULFO-TAG (MSD) reagent. After adding antibodies labeled with SULFO-TAG reagent to the wells, the levels of electrochemoluminescence in each well are read.
- 110 using MSD's SECTOR HTS READER. Results are expressed in pg / ml calculated with known cytokine standards.
Test Data and Analysis
In general, the data obtained after the test was performed contain information on the concentrations of TFN-α and IFN-α (y axis) as a function of compound concentration (x axis).
On-board scaling is performed within the experiment and is aimed at reducing the plate-to-plate variation associated with performing the same experiment. First, a value greater than the median DMSO (DMSO control wells) or experimental background (typically 20 pg / ml for IFN-α and 40 pg / ml for INF-a) is subtracted from each reading. Negative values that may result from subtracting background values are set to zero. Each plate within a given experiment has a reference compound that serves as a control. This control is used to calculate the median expected area under the curve along all platelets in the test. A correction factor for plaques is calculated for each plaque as the ratio of the reference factor area on a specific plaque to the median expected area for the entire experiment. The data from each plate is then multiplied by the correction factor for the plate for all plates. Only platelet data that has a factor between 0.5 and 2.0 (for both IFN-α and TNF-α cytokines) are recorded. Data from tiles with correction factors outside the above-mentioned range are retested until they reach correction factors within the above-mentioned range. The above method causes rescaling of the results without affecting the shape of the curve. The reference compound used is 2- [4-amino-2-ethoxymethyl-0-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-α, α-dimethyl-1- [beta] -imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-1-yl] ethanol hydrate ( US 5,352,784; Example 91). The median area expected is the median of all platelets that are part of the experiment.
A second scaling can also be done to reduce variation within the experiment (through multiple experiments). All values obtained after subtracting background values are multiplied by a single adjustment factor to reduce the variation between experiments. The single correction factor is the area of the reference compound in the new experiment divided by the expected area of the reference compound based on the mean obtained from the previous experiments (uncorrected readings). This scales the reading (y-axis) for new data without changing the shape of the dose-response curve. The reference compound used is 2- [4-amino-2-ethoxymethyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-α, α-dimethyl-U / -imidazo [4,5-c] quinolin-1-yl] ethanol hydrate (US 5,352,784; Example 91) and expected area is the sum of the median dose values from the mean of the previous experiments.
The Minimum Effective Concentration is calculated from the reference matched results after the background subtraction of the results for a given experiment and compound. The minimum effective concentration (pmolame) is the lowest concentration tested
- 111 compounds that elicit a response at a constant concentration of cytokines for the test cytokine (typically 20 pg / ml for IFN-α and 40 pg / ml for TNF-α). The maximum response is the maximum dose of cytokines (pg / ml) produced in response to a dose.
Certain compounds of the invention can affect cytokine biosynthesis by inhibiting the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) when tested using the methods described below.
INHIBITION OF TNF-α IN MOUSE CELLS
The Raw murine macrophage cell line 264.7 is used to evaluate the ability of compounds to inhibit tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) production during lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation.
Single Concentration Test:
Preparation of Blood Cells for Culture
Raw cells (ATCC) were picked by gentle scraping and then counted. The cell suspension was adjusted to a density of 3 × 10<sup>5</sup> cells / ml in RPMI medium supplemented with 10% bovine serum (FBS). The cell suspension (100 µL) is added to a 96-well sterile flat bottom tissue culture plate (Becton Dickinson Labware, Lincoln Park, NJ). The final cell concentration is 3 × 10<sup>4 </sup>cells / well. Plates are incubated for 3 hours. Medium is changed to colorless RPMI medium supplemented with 3% FBS serum before addition of test compound.
Preparation of the Union
The compounds are dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The DMSO concentration should not exceed a final concentration of 1% for addition to the culture wells. Compounds are tested at 5 µΜ. LPS (Lipopolysaccharides derived from the organism Salmonella typhimurium, Sigma-Aldrich) are diluted in colorless RPMI medium to an EC70 concentration as measured by a dose-response test.
Incubation
Test compound solution (1 μ) is added to each well. Plates are mixed on a microtest plate shaker for 1 minute and then placed in an incubator. Twenty minutes later, LPS solution (1 μΐ, EC70 concentration ~ 10 ng / mL) is added and the plates are mixed for 1 minute on a shaker. The plates are incubated for 18 to 24 hours at 37 ° C in a 5% carbon dioxide atmosphere.
TNF-a analysis
After incubation, the supematant is removed with a pipette. The concentration of TNF-α is determined by ELISA using a murine TNF-α kit (from Biosource International, Camarillo, CA). Results are expressed as pg / ml. Expression of TNF-α during LPS alone stimulation is considered a 100% response.
- 112 Dose Response Test:
Preparation of Blood Cells for Culture
Raw cells (ATCC) are harvested by gentle scraping and then counted. The slurry is brought to a density of 4 × 10<sup>5</sup> cells per milliliter in RPMI medium supplemented with 10% FBS. The cell suspension (250 µΐ) is added to 48-well sterile flat bottom tissue culture plates (Costar, Cambridge, MA). The final concentration of cells is 1 × 10<sup>5</sup> cells / well. Cells are incubated for 3 hours. Before adding the test compound, the medium is changed to a new colorless RPMI medium enriched with 3% FBS serum.
Preparation of the Union
The compounds are dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The DMSO concentration should not exceed a final concentration of 1% for addition to culture wells. The compounds are tested at concentrations of 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, 5 and 10 μΜ. LPS (Lipopolysaccharides derived from the organism Salmonella typhimurium, Sigma-Aldrich) are diluted with colorless RPMI medium to an EC70 concentration as measured by a dose-response test.
Incubation
Test compound solution (200 µ () is added to each well. The plates are mixed on a microtest plate shaker for 1 minute and then placed in the micro incubator. Twenty minutes later, LPS solution (200 μΐ, concentration EX<sub>70</sub> approximately 10 ng / ml) is added and the plates are shaken for 1 minute on a shaker. The plates are incubated for 18 to 24 hours at 37 ° C in an atmosphere of 5% carbon dioxide.
TNF-a analysis
After incubation, the supematant is removed with a pipette. The concentration of TNF-α is determined by ELISA using the murine TNF-α kit (from Biosource International, Camarillo, CA). Results are expressed as pg / ml. Expression of TNF-α during LPS alone stimulation is considered a 100% response.
It should be understood that the invention should not be unduly limited by the embodiments and embodiments shown, the embodiments and embodiments shown herein are only presented as examples within the scope of the invention which is to be limited only by the following claims.
She prepared and verified
Mirosława Ważyńska
Patent Attorney
- 113 -
Contents31
116 sheets
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8 priority claims, no other members on record
Priority claims8
| Document | Office | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 60662904 | United States of America | P | |
| 60662904 | United States of America | P | |
| 05794068 | European Patent Office (EPO) | A | |
| 2005031310 | United States of America | W | |
| 2005031310 | United States of America | W | |
| EP20050794068 | – | – | – |
| US20040606629P | – | – | – |
| WO2005US31310 | – | – | – |
Numbers
- Publication, DOCDB
- 1789042
- Publication, EPODOC
- PL1789042T
- Application
- 794068
- Application, DOCDB
- 05794068
- Application, EPODOC
- PL20050794068T
Titles2
- English
- 1-ALKOXY 1H-IMIDAZO RING SYSTEMS AND METHODS
- Polish
- Układy pierścieni 1-alkoksy 1H-imidazo i sposoby
Classification
- CPC, 27
- C07D471/14
- A61P11/02
- C07D471/04
- A61P11/06
- A61P15/00
- A61P17/00
- A61P17/02
- A61P17/14
- A61P25/00
- A61P27/02
- A61P31/00
- A61P31/04
- A61P31/10
- A61P31/12
- A61P31/14
- A61P31/16
- A61P31/18
- A61P31/20
- A61P31/22
- A61P33/02
- A61P35/00
- A61P35/02
- A61P37/02
- A61P37/04
- A61P37/08
- A61P43/00
- Y02A50/30
- IPC, 5
- A61K31 437
- A61P31 00
- A61P35 00
- C07D471 04
- C07D471 14