Injectable preparation containing a platinum (ii) malonate compound, method of stabilising solution of such compound and method of stabilising the compound itself in said solution

The invention relates to an injectable formulation containing the platinum malonate compound^(1Ia method of stabilizing the solution of the malonate platinum compound^(II) and a method of stabilizing the malonate platinum compound^(II) in solution.

Carboplatin, in the form of diamino- [1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylate] -platinum^(II), is a white to off-white crystalline powder. Like cis-platinum, it is a platinum coordination compound with a cytotoxic effect. Due to its cytotoxic properties, the compound, like cis-platinum, is useful in the treatment of various types of malignant tumors in mammals, including the treatment of ovarian cancer.

Clare et al., In U.S. Patent Nos. 4,140,707 and 4,657,927, disclose a method for the preparation of carboplatin and other malonateoplatinum compounds and their use in the destruction of sarcoma 180 solid tumor cells conventionally used for screening tests. become malonates or "malonates" due to the presence of the grouping in their structure - (OOC)₂-C <.

Unlike cis-platinum, carboplatin generally does not have severe side effects such as nephro-, oto-, and neuro-toxicity. Carboplatin is resistant to hydration and this property is attributed to its lower toxicity. The nucleus of treatment for many types of human tumors is used, including small cell lung cancer, squamous cell carcinoma, and testicular cancer (US Pharmacist, September 1989, pp. 62-63).

The commercial form of carboplatin is a lyophilized powder, dissolved in water, saline, glucose solution, or other solvents immediately prior to intravenous administration to a patient. However, the relatively poor solubility of this compound in water (14 mg / ml at room temperature) can present difficulties, such as secondary wall formation during reconstitution. As with all anti-neoplastic agents, carboplatin can have an adverse effect on contact with normal tissue.

To facilitate the preparation of the drug and its administration to patients, a solution of carboplatin in concentrated form, ready for use, would be very useful. However, in the form of plain aqueous solutions, that is, in the form of mixed with water alone, the compound is not physically stable over extended storage times.

Nijkerk et al. In US Patent No. 5,104,896 disclosed their own developed solution to this problem. The carboplatin solutions prepared by them contain up to 22 mg of carboplatin per milliliter of solution 10.01-0.1 moles of inorganic buffering agents, maintaining the pH value of the solution in the range from 2 to 6.5.

A. Bosonquet in the journal Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. (23: 197-207, 1989), describes the instability of carboplatin and claims that stable solutions of this compound can be obtained using water and sodium chloride, while Levius et al. In European Patent Publication, EPO No. 334,551 of September 21, 1989 claim that chloride ions should not be used in the preparation of carboplatin solutions (page 3, line 7+). These authors prove that aqueous solutions of carboplatin containing 10-15 mg / ml of drug are stable, as long as the drug has not been lyophilized and the water is salt-free (page 2, line 22+).

The present invention relates to stable injectable formulations containing the platinum malonate compound^(H), a method of their preparation, and methods of stabilizing the platinum malonate compound^(I1\

The present inventors have surprisingly discovered that stable, 1,1-cyclobutane dicarboxylic acid (CBDCA) buffered carboplatin solutions can be prepared using one or more of the following factors or operations for stabilization:

(1) adding an amount of 1,1-cyclobutane dicarboxylic acid to bring the solution to a pH of 4 to 8, (2) passing air or oxygen through the solution, (3) blanketing the headspace in a vial or other container with air, or oxygen.

In a highly preferred embodiment of the invention, all three of the above points apply. The resulting solutions have a pH of about 4 to about 8, and contain about 1

178 689 to about 15 mg / mL of carboplatin, include a water-containing vehicle and are stored in vials with 50% headspace. Such solutions are chemically and physically stable for at least 4 months at 50 ° C.

The compositions, formulations and methods of the present invention have several advantages over the prior art.

By using dilutable solutions of ready-to-use (RTU) injection compositions, the secondary wall build-up and the various disadvantages associated with the use of a hophilisate or other powder form of carboplatin are eliminated. Less expensive to manufacture, RTU compositions will require no additional preparation or handling other than dilution prior to administration.

The shelf life of these new compositions, e.g. up to 18 months at 24 ° C or ambient temperatures, means that they do not need to be checked for expiration dates and discarded as often as existing formulations. With a minimum of precautions regarding temperature and light sensitivity, the described carboplatin solutions are easy to use and store.

These and other advantages will be explained in more detail later in the description and in the claims.

Unless otherwise stated, all percentages are percentages by weight based on total weight of the composition.

All the referenced publications are incorporated herein by reference.

In all tables, the terms "transparent", "no sediment" and "no sediment" are synonymous.

One or more malomanoplatinum compounds are used as the active ingredient^(1I\

As used herein, the term "carboplatin" includes all coordination compounds of Formula 1 containing two monodentate ammonium or amine ligands and one bidentate malonate ligand which is a 1,1-cycloalkyl dicarboxylic acid residue. These compounds are represented by the general formula 1 in which R and R¹ independently represent H, residues C] -C₆-alkyl, C_rC.₆-hydroxyalkyl, C.₅-C₎₂-aryl, C₅-C₁₂-alkylaryl, C.₅-C₁₂-arylalkyl, C_rC.₆-alkoxyalkyl and C₅-C_l2- amino acid, n is 2 or 3 and X is a cyclic residue C₃-C₆-alkyl or alkenyl. Compounds of formula I in which R = R are preferred¹ = Η, n is 3 and X is a cycloalkyl moiety. It is very advantageous to use carboplatin represented by formula 2 and its isomers and conventional derivatives.

The term "conventional derivatives" includes as used herein solvates, complexes, hydrates, geometric isomers, analogs having substituted nuclei, and the like.

Cis-platinum and other drug compounds used in the invention are prepared as disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,140,707 and 4,657,927 according to the general reaction scheme:

cis- [Pt AC1₂] + 2AgNO₃ + 2H₂O - »cis- [Pt A (H₂ABOUT)₂](WELL₃)₂ + 2AgC] cis- [Pt A (H₂ABOUT)₂](WELL₃)₂ + X (COOH)₂ [Pt A (OOC)₂-CH₂] + 2NO₃'+ 2H₂O + 2H⁺wherein A is one bidentate amine ligand or two monodentate amine ligand and X is as defined above.

The utility of carboplatin as an anti-cancer agent is generally known.

The following are used to stabilize carboplatin solutions:

(1) 1,1-cyclobutane dicarboxylic acid (CBDCA) and its salts, (2) blowing the solutions with air or oxygen, and (3) shielding the space above the solution with air or oxygen

CBDCA acid is the reagent in the preferred method of producing carboplatin. It is a water-soluble component of unstabilized carboplatin solutions. Useful CBDCA salts include the alkali metal salts. The sodium salt is preferred, especially when the carrier is water or one or more polyethylene glycols.

CBDCA and its salts have been tested as buffers for carboplatin due to their good miscibility with the drug. However, neither the acid itself nor its salts have previously been disclosed as stabilizers for platinum compounds^(1,\

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In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the stabilizing system uses CBDCA as a stabilizer and its sodium salt as the pH modifying agent. This acid or one or more of its salts is added to solutions of carboplatin or other malonateoplatinum compounds^(I1) in the amounts needed to achieve a final concentration of CBDCA from about 0.25 mg / ml to about 4 mg / ml, and a pH from about 4 to about 8. A preferred amount is from about 1 to about 2 mg / ml.

Air may be used to purge the solution with gas, i.e., at room temperature, a gas mixture of about 78% nitrogen and about 21% oxygen, or pure oxygen (O₂). Oxygen is the preferred blowing agent. Mixtures of oxygen and air can also be used. In a preferred embodiment, such mixtures have an oxygen content of from about 25% to about 95%. Nitrogen-free gases such as argon can also be used. Purging gases with a nitrogen concentration of more than about 78% should be avoided.

The term "purging" means a gas purging or other method of passing the desired gas through the solution at atmospheric pressure to saturate the liquid and headspace with an optimal amount of oxygen.

The duration of the purging operation is not critical, however, it is generally preferred to purge the drug solutions for from about 1 hour to about 5 hours, typically 2 hours. This operation is carried out at ambient or room temperature, generally between about 25 ° C and about 30 ° C.

If a purging technique is used, it is preferred (but not required) that the liquid in the container takes up no more than 50% of its total volume (half-full), i.e. that the air / oxygen-filled volume, i.e. headspace, is 50%. % or more of the total volume (liquid and gas) of the container.

Another method of stabilization is to cover the headspace with air or oxygen, i.e. filling the headspace with air or oxygen. The term "shielding" means a technique that pushes all ambient or atmospheric gases out of a space above an air-saturated or oxygen-saturated liquid in a vial, bottle or other sealed container. Immediately after this operation, the container is tightly closed.

The headspace shielding time is from about 1 to about 5 hours, and preferably from about 2 to about 3 hours. As with the purge step, avoid the use of gases containing more than 78% nitrogen.

For stabilizing solutions containing carboplatin or other similar platinum-based drugs^(ll) with malonate linkages, each of these three techniques may be used alone, however it is preferable to use techniques (1) and (2) or techniques (2) and (3) together. It is very beneficial to use all three techniques together.

Carriers used as solvents for platinum compounds^(ll) are generally water-containing vehicles. It is preferable to use clean water, i.e. sterile water for injection. Mixtures of water and one or more accessory carriers, i.e. certain polyalkylene glycol solutions and sugar, can be used. In general, the final water content of the solutions of the invention will be from about 0.5% to about 99.5% and the auxiliary carriers, e.g. glycols will be used in amounts ranging from about 10% to about 90% by weight, based on the total carrier content.

The glycols used are polyalkylene glycols with a molecular weight of about 300 to about 900, based on C groups_rC.₆-alkyl. Thus, polyether polymers such as polyethylene glycols, polypropylene glycol, polybutylene glycol and the like, and mixtures thereof can be used. Polypropylene and polyethylene glycol (PEG-400) is preferred. A mixture of 15 vol% water and 85 vol% either PEG-400 or polypropylene glycol is very preferred.

The sugar solutions used are pharmaceutically acceptable solutions of glucose, sucrose, mannose or other sugars for isotonic adjustment. A very preferred excipient carrier is 5% glucose in water (D5W).

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The solutions according to the invention can be provided in concentrated, ready-to-use forms, both aqueous and non-aqueous. Thus, the use of appropriate amounts of auxiliary carriers is optional. Other supports which do not adversely affect the utility of the platinum compounds or the effectiveness of the stabilizers may also be used, replacing all or part of the supports described above.

By using one or more techniques (1), (2) or (3), platinum compounds⁽¹¹⁾ used in the invention are less sensitive to reductive degradation. However, the stability of the solutions of these compounds is further enhanced by the fact that they contain one or more pH modifying agents which keep the pH of the solution in an optimal range and thus act as buffers.

In principle, it is preferable to maintain the pH of these solutions in the range of about 4 to about 7. The pH of the solution of carboplatin itself is 6.5. Adding CBDCA lowers them to an unacceptable value below 4, so an alkaline buffer is needed as a pH modifier to increase its value.

In general, simple inorganic bases in which the cations are pharmaceutically acceptable are used as buffers. Thus, sodium, potassium and calcium oxides and hydroxides are useful. Sodium hydroxide is preferred.

The optimal amount of sodium hydroxide or other buffer is determined by titration of the CBDCA / platinum compound mixture^(ll) until the pH is adjusted to from about 4 to about 8, preferably from about 5 to about 7 and most preferably from about 5.5 to about 6.5.

Since both an alkaline additive and CBDCA are required to achieve the desired pH of the solution, this acid can be considered as a buffer. However, an essential function of CBDCA in the systems of the invention is to stabilize carboplatin or other platinum compound^(ll).

The dosages at which the formulations of the invention are used are dictated by medical judgment and other factors, such as those given in the Physician's Desk Reference.

In principle, these solutions are administered to animals, mainly humans, for the treatment of tumors. In general, doses will range from about 1 to about 200 mg / kg / dose, with one to three doses being administered periodically. These solutions are prepared for administration by the intravenous route. They are supplied as ready-to-use concentrated solutions (TRU). Such concentrated solutions are diluted with 1-60 volumes of water or other suitable solvent prior to injection. While injection is the preferred route of administration, other routes are possible, e.g.

The main aim of the invention was to obtain the long-term stability of anti-cancer platinum compounds^(II). Thus, conditions known to accelerate the degradation of these compounds should be avoided. The three conditions are: excessive light, low pH (below 4), and high temperatures.

The stability of the compositions of the invention under accelerated aging conditions at temperatures up to about 60 ° C is described below. The samples were tested and found to be stable for several weeks to one year at 25 ° C.

Slight discoloration that occurs in some solutions held under stringent conditions is generally not indicative of a significant decrease in potency, safety, or efficacy. However, it is not recommended to use solutions that are cloudy or contain precipitated particles. Such particles can be harmful when administered intravenously.

The invention is illustrated by the following Examples in which Carboplatin is diamino- [1,1-cyclobutanedicarboxylate] -platinum^(1I).

Example I. Effect of 1,1-cyclobutane dicarboxylic acid (CBDCA) concentration on the stability of an aqueous solution.

The effect of CBDCA concentration on the stability of carboplatin was assessed at 50 ° C and 60 ° C. Aqueous (approximately 10 mg / ml) solutions of carboplatin were prepared with CBDCA concentrations of 8.4, 2.1, 5.0, 0.25, and 0 mg / ml. Set up in each solution containing CBDCA

178 689 pH value to 6.0 with NaOH. No solution containing CBDCA was pH adjusted. Carboplatin alone solutions have an average pH of about 6.1 and are in the range of 5.5 to 7.0.

Air was flushed through the prepared solutions and the solutions were then filtered into washed 6 ml "# 04515/00 Wheaton" vials using 10 ml disposable syringes and sterile 0.2 μτη "Gelman # 4192" filters. Each vial contained 3 ml of solution, giving approximately 50% headspace. All test vials were capped with fluorescein-coated "Daikyo # 759" stoppers and sealed with "Wheaton" aluminum caps with a diameter of 20 mm.

The samples were subjected to long-term stability tests at 25 ° C and 40 ° C (8 and 1/2 months and 9 months). The obtained results are presented in the tables.

Table 1: Physical stability of carboplatin at 25 ° C and 40 ° C.

Table 1 A. Effect of different concentrations of CBDCA * and headspace gas on the chemical and physical stability of aqueous solutions with a concentration of 10 mg / ml carboplatin at pH 6.

Group I - CBDCA impact studies; samples kept for 8 months and 16 days at 25 ° C; air in the free space above the solution.

<td>CBDCA concentration (mg / ml)</td><td>The color of the solution</td><td>The transparency of the solution</td>

<td> 8</td><td>colorless</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td> 4</td><td>colorless</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td> 2</td><td>colorless</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td> 1</td><td>colorless</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td> 0.5</td><td>colorless</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td> 0 25</td><td>colorless</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td> 0</td><td>straw</td><td>no sediment</td>

Group II - samples kept for 8 months and 16 days at 25 ° C against various gases in the headspace

<td>Type of gas in free space</td><td>CBDCA (mg / ml)</td><td>The color of the solution</td><td>The transparency of the solution</td>

<td>n₂</td><td> 1</td><td>straw</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td>air</td><td> 1</td><td>colorless</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td>about₂</td><td> 1</td><td>colorless</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td>N₂</td><td> 0</td><td>amber</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td>air</td><td> 0</td><td>straw</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td>about₂</td><td> 0</td><td>colorless</td><td>no sediment</td>

Table IB: Effect of the vial filling degree on chemical and physical stability at 25 ° C of 10 mg / ml aqueous carboplatin solutions at pH 6, with or without CBDCA at 1 mg / ml, with air in the head space solution (solutions^x blown with air).

Group III. - samples kept for 9 months and 3 dm at the temperature of 25 ° C; different fill volumes for vials were used.

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<td>Filling volume of the vial (ml)</td><td>CBDCA (mg / ml)</td><td>The color of the solution</td><td>The transparency of the solution</td>

<td> 2</td><td> 1</td><td>colorless</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td> 4</td><td> 1</td><td>colorless</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td> 6</td><td> 1</td><td>colorless</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td> 8</td><td> 2</td><td>colorless</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td> 10</td><td> 1</td><td>colorless</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td> 12</td><td> 1</td><td>colorless</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td> 2</td><td> 0</td><td>colorless</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td> 4</td><td> 0</td><td>colorless</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td> 6</td><td> 0</td><td>colorless</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td> 8</td><td> 0</td><td>colorless</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td> 10</td><td> 0</td><td>straw</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td> 12</td><td> 0</td><td>straw</td><td>no sediment</td>

Table 1C: Effect of pH on the chemical and physical stability of 10 mg / ml carboplatin solutions containing 1 mg / ml CBDCA with headspace air *.

Group IV: samples kept for 9 months and 27 days at 25 ° C at various pH values.

<td>pH</td><td>The color of the solution</td><td>The transparency of the solution</td>

<td> 4</td><td>colorless</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td> 5</td><td>colorless</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td> 6</td><td>colorless</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td> 7</td><td>colorless</td><td>no sediment</td>

<td>⁸</td><td>colorless</td><td>no sediment</td>

Table ID: Effect of CBDCA concentration on storage stability for 6 months and 8 weeks at 40 ° C.

Freshly prepared solutions of carboplatin with various concentrations of cyclobutane dicarboxylic acid (CBDCA) were used. Samples were pH adjusted with NaOH and blown air. Each sample contained 3.3 ml of carboplatin solution in a 6 ml type 1 glass vial. The headspace was filled with air.

<td>CBDCA (mg / ml)</td><td>Look</td><td>pH</td><td>Concentration (mg / ml)</td><td>Residual carboplatin content (%)</td>

<td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td>

<td>Group I:</td><td>5 months</td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td> 8</td><td>transparent</td><td> 6.00</td><td> 10 071</td><td> 104.4</td>

<td> 4</td><td>transparent</td><td> 6.01</td><td> 9.887</td><td> 99 4</td>

<td> 2</td><td>transparent</td><td> 6 03</td><td> 9 97</td><td> 100 6</td>

178 689 ID table (continued)

<td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td>

<td> 1</td><td>transparent</td><td> 6.04</td><td> 9,944</td><td> 97.4</td>

<td> 0.5</td><td>straw</td><td> 6 09</td><td> 9.999</td><td> 104.3</td>

<td> 0.25</td><td>straw</td><td> 6.03</td><td> 9.915</td><td> 98.9</td>

<td> 0</td><td>yellow</td><td> 5.85</td><td> 9 946</td><td> 99.0</td>

<td>Group II -</td><td>8 weeks</td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td> 8</td><td>transparent</td><td> 6.13</td><td> 9.921</td><td> 102.8</td>

<td> 4</td><td>transparent</td><td> 6.09</td><td> 10.014</td><td> 100.7</td>

<td> 2</td><td>transparent</td><td> 6 08</td><td> 10 004</td><td> 100.9</td>

<td> 1</td><td>transparent</td><td> 6 07</td><td> 10 044</td><td> 98.4</td>

<td> 0.5</td><td>transparent</td><td> 6.18</td><td> 10 136</td><td> 105.7</td>

<td> 0.25</td><td>transparent</td><td> 6.16</td><td> 10.077</td><td> 100 5</td>

<td> 0</td><td>transparent</td><td> 6.13</td><td> 10.08</td><td> 100.4</td>

Table 1E: Effect of fill volume on 6 month stability at 40 ° C.

<td>Filled volume with solution (ml)</td><td>Look</td><td>CBDCA mg / ml</td><td>pH</td><td>Carboplatin concentration (mg / ml)</td><td>Residual carboplatin content (%)</td>

<td colspan="2">Group I (note II)</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td> 12</td><td>straw, no sediment</td><td> 1</td><td> 5.99</td><td> 9 273</td><td> 95.8%</td>

<td> 10</td><td>straw, no sediment</td><td> 1</td><td> 6.09</td><td> 9 342</td><td> 96 5%</td>

<td> 8</td><td>straw, no sediment</td><td> 1</td><td> 6.10</td><td> 9 183</td><td> 94.9%</td>

<td> 6</td><td>straw, no sediment</td><td> 1</td><td> 6.11</td><td> 9.276</td><td> 95.9%</td>

<td> 4</td><td>straw, no sediment</td><td> 1</td><td> 6 11</td><td> 9 322</td><td> 96 3%</td>

<td>2 Group II</td><td>straw, no sediment note II)</td><td> 1</td><td> 6.18</td><td> 9 421</td><td> 97.4%</td>

<td> 12</td><td>amber, no sediment</td><td> 0</td><td> 5.68</td><td> 9 602</td><td> 97.2%</td>

<td> 10</td><td>amber, no sediment</td><td> 0</td><td> 5 60</td><td> 9.533</td><td> 96 5%</td>

<td> 8</td><td>amber, no sediment</td><td> 0</td><td> 5.63</td><td> 9.496</td><td> 96.1%</td>

<td> 6</td><td>amber, no sediment</td><td> 0</td><td> 5.58</td><td> 9.321</td><td> 94 4%</td>

<td> 4</td><td>amber, no sediment</td><td> 0</td><td> 5 61</td><td> 9.457</td><td> 95.7%</td>

<td> 2</td><td>amber, no sediment</td><td> 0</td><td> 5.65</td><td> 9.806</td><td> 99 3%</td>

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Note I: Fresh solutions at a concentration of 10 mg / ml with the addition of 1 mg / ml cyclobutane dicarboxylic acid (CBDCA) were adjusted to pH 6.2 with NaOH. All samples were purged with air and filled to the indicated volume.

Note II: Fresh solutions with a concentration of 10 mg / ml carboplatin (without addition of CBDCA); Natural pH, not adjustable.

All samples were purged with air and filled to the indicated volume.

Table 1F: Effect of pH value on the stability of solutions stored for 6 months at 40 ° C.

Fresh solutions were prepared at a concentration of 10 mg / ml carboplatin with the addition of 1 mg / ml cyclobutane dicarboxylic acid (CBDCA). The pH of each sample was different and adjusted with NaOH. All samples were purged with air and filled into 3.3 ml Type I glass vials of 6 ml capacity.

The space above the solution was filled with air.

The sample number is the starting pH.

1 mg / ml CBDCA was added to all samples.

<td>pH</td><td>Look</td><td>pH</td><td>Carboplatin concentration (mg / ml)</td><td>Residual carboplatin content (%)</td>

<td> 4</td><td>straw, no sediment</td><td> 4.13</td><td> 10.060</td><td> 96.4</td>

<td> 5</td><td>transparent, no sediment</td><td> 5.06</td><td> 10.141</td><td> 97.1</td>

<td> 6</td><td>transparent, no sediment</td><td> 6 07</td><td> 9.986</td><td> 96.4</td>

<td> 7</td><td>transparent, no sediment</td><td> 6 75</td><td> 9713</td><td> 89 6</td>

<td> 8</td><td>straw, no sediment</td><td> 6 99</td><td> 9.015</td><td> 92.6</td>

All samples were analyzed by HPLC method, determining the initial concentration of carboplatin in them. The appearance (that is, the transparency, the presence of sediment and the color was determined visually) at the prescribed intervals and the pH was determined in all samples for which the stability was determined. Moreover, the content of carboplatin in the samples was determined. Based on the starting values, the content of carboplatin remaining in the solution in each sample was determined and expressed as a percentage of the starting value.

Table 2: HPLC method for the quantification of carboplatin

<td>Column:</td><td>Alltech 10 microns NH₂, 4.6 x 250 mm</td>

<td>Detection:</td><td>at a wavelength of 230 nm</td>

<td>Injected volume:</td><td>20 μΐ</td>

<td>Sample concentration:</td><td>about 1 mg / ml</td>

<td>Thinner:</td><td>Milli-Q Water</td>

<td>External pattern:</td><td>Carboplatin solution with a concentration of 1</td>

<td>mg / ml Temperature:</td><td>30 ° C</td>

<td>Mobile phase:</td><td>85% acetonitrile / 15% Milli-Q Water</td>

<td>Flow Rate: Run Time:</td><td>2.0 ml / minute 15-18 minutes</td>

Typical retention times: Carboplatin: 10 minutes.

The samples were stored at 60 ° C for 1,2,4 and 8 weeks and at 50 ° C for 2, 4, 8 and 16 weeks. The data collected for these samples is presented in Tables and 4.

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Table 3. Effect of different levels of CBDCA on the chemical and physical stability of aqueous solutions containing 10 mg / ml carboplatin, at pH 6, with 50% air space above the solution

<td rowspan="2">The storage conditions</td><td rowspan="2">CBDCA mg / ml</td><td rowspan="2">pH</td><td colspan="2">Carboplatin</td><td rowspan="2">The color of the solution</td><td rowspan="2">Clarity of the solution</td>

<td>mg / ml</td><td>included. (%)</td>

<td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td><td> 6</td><td> 7</td>

<td>at the start</td><td> 8</td><td> 6.00</td><td> 9.65</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>at the start</td><td> 4</td><td> 6.00</td><td> 9.94</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>at the start</td><td> 2</td><td> 6.01</td><td> 9.91</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>at the start</td><td> 1</td><td> 6.00</td><td> 10.21</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>at the start</td><td> 0.5</td><td> 6.08</td><td> 9.59</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>at the start</td><td> 0.25</td><td> 6.06</td><td> 10.03</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>at the start</td><td> 0</td><td> 7.17</td><td> 10.05</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>1 week 60 ° C</td><td> 8</td><td> 6 08</td><td> 9.86</td><td> 102.2</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>1 week 60 ° C</td><td> 4</td><td> 6.09</td><td> 9 79</td><td> 98 5</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>1 week 60 ° C</td><td> 2</td><td> 6.12</td><td> 9 87</td><td> 99.5</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>1 week 60 ° C</td><td> 1</td><td> 6.01</td><td> 9.9</td><td> 96.9</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>1 week 60 ° C</td><td> 0.5</td><td> 6.09</td><td> 9.84</td><td> 102.6</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>1 week 60 ° C</td><td> 0 25</td><td> 6.25</td><td> 9 93</td><td> 99 1</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>1 week 60 ° C</td><td> 0</td><td> 6 52</td><td> 9.85</td><td> 98.1</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>2 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 8</td><td> 5.96</td><td> 9.51</td><td> 98 6</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>2 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 4</td><td> 5.95</td><td> 9.89</td><td> 99.4</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>2 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 2</td><td> 5.98</td><td> 9.61</td><td> 96.9</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>2 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 1</td><td> 6</td><td> 9.66</td><td> 94.6</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>2 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 0.5</td><td> 6.03</td><td> 9.65</td><td> 100 6</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>2 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 0.25</td><td> 5.93</td><td> 9.31</td><td> 92.9</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>2 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 0</td><td> 5 59</td><td> 9 72</td><td> 96.7</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>4 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 8</td><td> 6 22</td><td> 8.83</td><td> 91.5</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>4 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 4</td><td> 6.17</td><td> 9.09</td><td> 91.4</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>4 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 2</td><td> 6 15</td><td> 9.14</td><td> 92.2</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>4 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 1</td><td>6 I</td><td> 9.29</td><td> 91</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>4 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 0.5</td><td> 6 09</td><td> 9.26</td><td> 96.5</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>4 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 0 25</td><td> 5 97</td><td> 9 29</td><td> 92.7</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>4 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 0</td><td> 5.52</td><td> 9.28</td><td> 92.4</td><td>amber</td><td>cloudy / sediment</td>

178 689 table 3 (continued)

<td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td><td> 6</td><td> 7</td>

<td>8 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 8</td><td> 6.17</td><td> 8.16</td><td> 84.6</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>8 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 4</td><td> 6.12</td><td> 8.58</td><td> 86.3</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>8 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 2</td><td> 6.05</td><td> 8.58</td><td> 86.5</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>8 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 1</td><td> 5.99</td><td> 8 61</td><td> 84.3</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>8 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 0.5</td><td> 5.94</td><td> 8.76</td><td> 91.3</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>8 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 0.25</td><td> 5.85</td><td> 8.95</td><td> 89.3</td><td>amber</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>8 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 0</td><td> 5.59</td><td> 8.85</td><td> 88.1</td><td>brown</td><td>cloudy / sediment</td>

week = week * 1,1-cyclobutane dicarboxylic acid; 3.3 ml of solution in a 6 ml Type I glass vial with a 20 mm Teflon closure; solution adjusted to pH 6 with NaOH. ,

Table 4. Effect of different levels of CBDCA * on the chemical and physical stability of aqueous solutions containing 10 mg / ml carboplatin, at pH 6, with 50% air space above the solution

<td rowspan="2">The storage conditions</td><td rowspan="2">CBDCA mg / ml</td><td rowspan="2">pH</td><td colspan="2">Carboplatin</td><td rowspan="2">3 color of the solution</td><td rowspan="2">Clarity of the solution</td>

<td>mg / ml</td><td>included. (%)</td>

<td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td><td> 6</td><td> 7</td>

<td>2 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 8</td><td> 5.91</td><td> 9.13</td><td> 94.6</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>2 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 4</td><td> 5.91</td><td> 9.49</td><td> 95.5</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>2 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 2</td><td> 5.91</td><td> 9.03</td><td> 91 1</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>2 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 1</td><td> 5.88</td><td> 9.51</td><td> 93 2</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>2 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 05</td><td> 5 99</td><td> 9 88</td><td> 103</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>2 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 0.25</td><td> 6.01</td><td> 9.54</td><td> 95 1</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>2 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 0</td><td> 5.88</td><td> 9.66</td><td> 96.2</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>4 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 8</td><td> 6.17</td><td> 9 63</td><td> 99.7</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>4 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 4</td><td> 6 11</td><td> 9.71</td><td> 97.7</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>4 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 2</td><td> 6.13</td><td> 9.71</td><td> 98</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>4 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 1</td><td> 6.16</td><td> 9.72</td><td> 95 3</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>4 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 0.5</td><td> 6.22</td><td> 9.74</td><td> 101 5</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>4 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 0 25</td><td> 6 20</td><td> 9.69</td><td> 96.7</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>4 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 0</td><td> 5.94</td><td> 9.76</td><td> 97 2</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>8 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 8</td><td> 6 07</td><td> 9.29</td><td> 96.2</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>8 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 4</td><td> 6.08</td><td> 9 45</td><td> 95</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>8 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 2</td><td> 6.09</td><td> 9.44</td><td> 95 3</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>8 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 1</td><td> 6.02</td><td> 9 47</td><td> 95.3</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

178 689 table 4 (continued)

<td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td><td> 6</td><td> 7</td>

<td>8 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 0.5</td><td> 6 05</td><td> 9.45</td><td> 92.8</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>8 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 0.25</td><td> 5.95</td><td> 9 53</td><td> 98.6</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>8 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 0</td><td> 5.94</td><td> 9.72</td><td> 95.1</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>16 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 8</td><td> 6 12</td><td> 8 78</td><td> 91</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>16 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 4</td><td> 6.11</td><td> 8.99</td><td> 90 4</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>16 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 2</td><td> 6 08</td><td> 9.11</td><td> 92</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>16 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 1</td><td> 6.01</td><td> 9.11</td><td> 89.3</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>16 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 0.5</td><td> 5 98</td><td> 8.96</td><td> 93.3</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>16 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 0.25</td><td> 5.84</td><td> 9.12</td><td> 90 9</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>16 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 0</td><td> 5.65</td><td> 9.11</td><td> 90.7</td><td>amber</td><td>moderate sediment</td>

* 1,1-cyclobutane dicarboxylic acid; 3.3 ml of solution in a 6 ml Type I glass vial with a 20 mm Teflon stopper; solution adjusted to pH 6 with NaOH.

It appears that the addition of even very small amounts of CBDCA to 10 mg / ml aqueous carboplatin solutions has a positive effect on the stability of the solutions (pH about 6, about 50% air headspace) at elevated temperatures. As shown in the tables above, the solutions without the addition of CBDCA turned amber to brown after storage for 4 to 8 weeks at 60 ° C or 16 weeks at 50 ° C. Brown amorphous sediment was also visible. In contrast, the carboplatin solutions with the addition of CBDCA were much lighter in color and did not precipitate when stored for 8 weeks at 60 ° C or for 16 weeks at 50 ° C.

The lowest concentration of CBDCA added (0.25 mg / ml) satisfactorily inhibited the formation of any visible deposit during 8 weeks of storage at 60 ° C or 16 weeks at 50 ° C.

As can be seen from the data on 4 and 8 weeks of storage at 60 ° C presented in Table 3 and 8 and 16 weeks at 50 ° C (Table 4), increasing the concentration of CBDCA resulted in a gradual decrease in the intensity of the color developed.

The tests carried out at both temperatures show that the chemical stability of carboplatin is independent of the concentration of CBDCA. As can be seen from Table 1, in carboplatin solutions without the addition of CBDCA there is a tendency to decrease the pH value during the tests. However, the pH of solutions containing CBDCA remained very stable. The presence of CBDCA, when added with the amounts of NaOH needed to adjust the pH value, is believed to have a buffering effect.

Example II. Influence of the type of gas in the headspace on the stability of the solution (solutions purged with the gas indicated in the table).

The influence of nitrogen, oxygen and air on the stability of the aqueous carboplatin solution was investigated in the storage tests at 50 ° C and 160 ° C. Carboplatin solutions at a concentration of 10 mg / ml were prepared with the addition of CBDCA at a concentration of 1 mg / ml. The pH was adjusted to 6.0 with 1 N and 10 N NaOH. No CBDCA was added to the control solutions at a concentration of 10 mg / ml and the pH of the solution was adjusted to about 6.4.

Then, these solutions were saturated with oxygen, air, or nitrogen, passing these gases through the solutions for an hour. After the purge was completed, the solutions were filtered until

178 689 washed 6ml vials # 04515/00 Wheaton (3ml / vial; 50% of the filled vial) using sterile 0.2 µm "Gelman # 4192" filters. The headspace of the vial was filled with the appropriate purging gas and the vials were immediately sealed with fluorescein-coated "Daikyo # 759" plugs to prevent wastage or contamination of headspace gases. All vials were then sealed with 20 mm aluminum "Wheaton" caps. The samples were stored at 60 ° C for 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks and at 50 ° C for 2, 4, 8 and 16 weeks.

Data for these samples are presented in Tables 5 and 6.

Table 5. Effect of headspace gas on the chemical and physical stability of 10 mg / ml carboplatin aqueous solutions at pH 6, with or without 1 mg / ml CBDCA * at 60 ° C.

<td rowspan="2">Storage time week</td><td rowspan="2">CBDCA</td><td rowspan="2">Gas in a vial</td><td rowspan="2">pH</td><td colspan="2">Carboplatin</td><td rowspan="2">The color of the solution</td><td rowspan="2">Clarity of the solution</td>

<td>mg / ml</td><td>content (%)</td>

<td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td><td> 6</td><td> 7</td><td> 8</td>

<td> 0**</td><td>Yes</td><td>nitrogen</td><td> 6.00</td><td> 10.07</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 0</td><td>Yes</td><td>over</td><td> 6.00</td><td> 10.18</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 0</td><td>Yes</td><td>oxygen</td><td> 6.00</td><td> 10.14</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 0</td><td>no</td><td>nitrogen</td><td> 6.44</td><td> 9.87</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 0</td><td>no</td><td>over</td><td> 6 44</td><td> 9.87</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 0</td><td>no</td><td>oxygen</td><td> 644</td><td> 9.87</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 1</td><td>Yes</td><td>nitrogen</td><td> 6.10</td><td> 9.93</td><td> 98 5</td><td>amber</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 1</td><td>Yes</td><td>over</td><td> 6 10</td><td> 9.77</td><td> 96</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 1</td><td>Yes</td><td>oxygen</td><td> 6 09</td><td> 10.11</td><td> 99.6</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 1</td><td>no</td><td>nitrogen</td><td> 5.82</td><td> 9 63</td><td> 97.5</td><td>brown</td><td>brown sediment</td>

<td> 1</td><td>no</td><td>over</td><td> 5.73</td><td> 961</td><td> 97 3</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 1</td><td>me</td><td>oxygen</td><td> 5 81</td><td> 9.72</td><td> 98 4</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>Yes</td><td>nitrogen</td><td> 6.07</td><td> 6 32</td><td> 62 8</td><td>colorless</td><td>black precipitate</td>

<td> 2</td><td>Yes</td><td>over</td><td> 5 95</td><td> 9 54</td><td> 93 7</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>Yes</td><td>oxygen</td><td> 5 98</td><td> 9 60</td><td> 94 6</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>no</td><td>nitrogen</td><td> 5 75</td><td> 9 35</td><td> 94.6</td><td>brown</td><td>brown sediment</td>

<td> 2</td><td>no</td><td>over</td><td> 5 93</td><td> 93</td><td> 94.9</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>me</td><td>oxygen</td><td> 5.97</td><td> 9 59</td><td> 97.1</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 4</td><td>Yes</td><td>nitrogen</td><td> 6 80</td><td> 0.14</td><td> 1.4</td><td>colorless</td><td>black precipitate</td>

<td> 4</td><td>Yes</td><td>over</td><td> 5.90</td><td> 9.27</td><td> 91</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 4</td><td>Yes</td><td>oxygen</td><td> 5 89</td><td> 9.45</td><td> 93 3</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 4</td><td>me</td><td>nitrogen</td><td> 5.56</td><td> 8 80</td><td> 89 1</td><td>brown</td><td>brown sediment</td>

<td> 4</td><td>me</td><td>over</td><td> 5.64</td><td> 8 96</td><td> 90.8</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 4</td><td>me</td><td>oxygen</td><td> 5 79</td><td> 8 64</td><td> 88</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

178 689 table 5 (continued)

<td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td><td> 6</td><td> 7</td><td> 8</td>

<td> 8</td><td>Yes</td><td>nitrogen</td><td> 6.75</td><td> 0 1</td><td> 0.9</td><td>colorless</td><td>black precipitate</td>

<td> 8</td><td>Yes</td><td>over</td><td> 5.78</td><td> 8.33</td><td> 8.10</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 8</td><td>Yes</td><td>oxygen</td><td> 5.77</td><td> 8.41</td><td> 82.9</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 8</td><td>me</td><td>nitrogen</td><td> 5.40</td><td> 7.59</td><td> 76.8</td><td>no brown color</td><td>brown sediment</td>

<td> 8</td><td>Yes</td><td>oxygen</td><td> 5.77</td><td> 8.41</td><td> 82.9</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 8</td><td>me</td><td>nitrogen</td><td> 5.40</td><td> 7.59</td><td> 76.8</td><td>no brown color</td><td>brown sediment</td>

<td> 8</td><td>me</td><td>over</td><td> 5.57</td><td> 8.26</td><td> 83.6</td><td>amber</td><td>light sediment</td>

<td> 8</td><td>me</td><td>oxygen</td><td> 5.42</td><td> 8 44</td><td> 85.5</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

* 1,1-cyclobutane dicarboxylic acid; 3.3ml of solution in a 6ml Type I glass vial (# 4515) with a 20mm Teflon-lined stopper (type # 759); solution adjusted to pH 6 with NaOH.

Table 6. Influence of the type of gas in the headspace of the vial on chemical stability! physics of aqueous solutions of carboplatin at a concentration of 10 mg / ml at pH 6, with or without addition of 1 mg / ml CBDCA * at 50 ° C.

<td rowspan="2">Time stored weeks</td><td rowspan="2">CBDCA</td><td rowspan="2">Gas in a vial</td><td rowspan="2">pH</td><td colspan="2">Carboplatin</td><td rowspan="2">The color of the solution</td><td rowspan="2">Clarity of the solution</td>

<td>mg / ml</td><td>content (%)</td>

<td> 2</td><td>Yes</td><td>nitrogen</td><td> 6.35</td><td> 7.53</td><td> 74.8</td><td>colorless</td><td>black precipitate</td>

<td> 2</td><td>Yes</td><td>over</td><td> 5.94</td><td> 9 68</td><td> 95</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>Yes</td><td>oxygen</td><td> 5.98</td><td> 9.86</td><td> 96 6</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 4</td><td>Yes</td><td>nitrogen</td><td> 6.46</td><td> 2 78</td><td> 27.6</td><td>colorless</td><td>black precipitate</td>

<td> 4</td><td>Yes</td><td>over</td><td> 5.99</td><td> 9.89</td><td> 97.1</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 4</td><td>Yes</td><td>oxygen</td><td> 5.96</td><td> 10.09</td><td> 99 6</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 8</td><td>Yes</td><td>nitrogen</td><td> 6.80</td><td> 0.21</td><td> 2</td><td>colorless</td><td>black precipitate</td>

<td> 8</td><td>Yes</td><td>over</td><td> 5.95</td><td> 9.34</td><td> 91 6</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 8</td><td>Yes</td><td>oxygen</td><td> 5 93</td><td> 9.53</td><td> 93.9</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 8</td><td>no</td><td>nitrogen</td><td> 5.57</td><td> 8.95</td><td> 90.6</td><td>brown</td><td>brown sediment</td>

<td> 8</td><td>no</td><td>over</td><td> 5 70</td><td> 9 18</td><td> 93</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 8</td><td>me</td><td>oxygen</td><td> 5 57</td><td> 9.29</td><td> 94.1</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 16</td><td>Yes</td><td>nitrogen</td><td> 7.03</td><td> 0.11</td><td> 1.1</td><td>colorless</td><td>black precipitate</td>

<td> 16</td><td>Yes</td><td>over</td><td> 5.93</td><td> 8 94</td><td> 87.8</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 16</td><td>Yes</td><td>oxygen</td><td> 5.85</td><td> 9.03</td><td> 89</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 16</td><td>no</td><td>nitrogen</td><td> 6.28</td><td> 2.17</td><td> 22</td><td>colorless</td><td>black and silver deposit</td>

<td> 16</td><td>me</td><td>over</td><td> 5.60</td><td> 8.75</td><td> 88.6</td><td>yellow</td><td>light, sediment</td>

<td> 16</td><td>me</td><td>oxygen</td><td> 5.52</td><td> 8.82</td><td> 89.4</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

178 689

1,1-cyclobutane dicarboxylic acid; 3.3ml of solution in a 6ml Type I glass vial (# 4515) with a 20mm Teflon-lined stopper (type # 759); the solution was adjusted to pH with NaOH.

The results presented in Tables 5 and 6 show that the headspace gas in the vial has a significant effect on the physical and chemical stability of carboplatin in aqueous solutions. The reduced oxygen to carboplatin ratio obtained by purging the samples with nitrogen resulted in the appearance of sediments (insoluble degradation and conversion products) after storage for 1 to 2 weeks at 60 ° C (Table 5) for 4 to 16 weeks at 50 ° C C (table 6).

Solutions containing CBDCA purged with nitrogen and stored at elevated temperatures showed typically high losses in carboplatin activity, while the supernatant remained colorless (due to precipitation). A heavy, dark black precipitate formed, indicating the presence of platinum oxides.

Solutions without added CBDCA, similarly purged with nitrogen (oxygen-free), generally showed a fine, amorphous brown precipitate, morphologically similar to material identified as ohgomeric mixture appearing in solutions stored at lower temperatures (i.e. 4-30 ° C) over 18 months. As shown in Table 6, a black-silvery precipitate characteristic of platinum oxides and metallic platinum appeared in a nitrogen-purged (oxygen-free) solution without added CBDCA, stored at 50 ° C for 16 weeks.

In solutions of carboplatin with air in the headspace (50% of the filled vial volume, with or without CBDCA) stored at 50 ° C and 60 ° C, much less sediment precipitated and significantly more unchanged activity of carboplatin retained than in analogous nitrogen-purged (oxygen-free) samples. In addition, the head air solutions of carboplatin containing CBDCA at a concentration of 1 mg / ml showed the same weakening of color and unchanged active compound and precipitation as observed in the CBDCA concentration effect evaluation experiments.

Blowing the samples with oxygen had a beneficial effect on the physical stability of 10 mg / ml aqueous platinum solutions, regardless of the presence or absence of CBDCA. This is due to the data presented in Tables 3–14, which only show a slight (straw) color development and inhibition of scale formation when stored for 8 weeks at 60 ° C and 16 weeks at 50 ° C. The behavior of carboplatin activity was comparable for air and oxygen purged solutions, regardless of the presence or absence of 1 mg / ml CBDCA in the solutions.

Example III. Effect of vial filling volume on solution stability.

The effect of the fill volume of the vial (i.e., the unfilled headspace) on the stability of aqueous carboplatin solutions was also tested at 50 ° C and 60 ° C. Carboplatin solutions were prepared at a concentration of 10 mg / ml (each supplemented with 1 mg / ml CBDCA. The pH was adjusted to 6.0 with 10 n and 1 N NaOH. Control solutions contained 10 mg / ml carboplatin, no added CBDCA and the pH (not adjustable)). ) was 5.7.

All solutions were air saturated for one hour. After aeration, all solutions were filtered into washed 10 ml Wheaton vials # 04514/00 (14 ml total capacity) through sterile Gelnam # 4192 filters with 0.2 μτη pore diameter. The vials were filled with a solution of 2 ml, 4 ml, 6 ml, 8 ml, 10 ml and 112 ml. The vials were filled with air. The vials were closed with Daikyo # 759 fluorescein-coated stoppers and sealed with Wheaton 20 mm aluminum caps. The samples were analyzed after 1,2,4 and 8 weeks of storage at 60 ° C and after 2,4, 8 and 16 weeks of storage at 50 ° C. The test results are shown in Tables 7 and 8. Specimens Tested

178 689 of the long term studies were stored at lower temperatures (4 ° C, 25 ° C and 40 ° C). The samples were subjected to chemical and physical analysis at the start and after storage.

Table 7. Effect of vial filling volume on chemical and physical stability at 60 ° C of aqueous carboplatin solutions (10 mg / ml) at pH 6, with or without addition of 1 mg / ml CBDCA * with air above the solution^x (air blown solutions)

<td rowspan="2">Storage time week</td><td rowspan="2">CBDCA</td><td rowspan="2">Fluid filling volume (ml)</td><td rowspan="2">pH</td><td colspan="2">Carboplatin</td><td rowspan="2">The color of the solution</td><td rowspan="2">Clarity of the solution</td>

<td>mg / ml</td><td>content (%)</td>

<td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td><td> 6</td><td> 7</td><td> 8</td>

<td> **</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td> 0</td><td>Yes</td><td> 2</td><td> 6.24</td><td> 9.68</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 0</td><td>Yes</td><td> 4</td><td> 6.24</td><td> 9.68</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 0</td><td>Yes</td><td> 6</td><td></td><td> 9.68</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 0</td><td>Yes</td><td> 8</td><td></td><td> 9.68</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 0</td><td>Yes</td><td> 10</td><td> 6.24</td><td> 9.68</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 0</td><td>Yes</td><td> 12</td><td> 6.24</td><td> 9.68</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 0</td><td>no</td><td> 2</td><td> 5.67</td><td> 9 88</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 0</td><td>no</td><td> 4</td><td> 5.67</td><td> 9 88</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 0</td><td>no</td><td> 6</td><td> 5.67</td><td> 9.88</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 0</td><td>no</td><td> 8</td><td> 5.67</td><td> 9 88</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 0</td><td>no</td><td> 10</td><td> 5.67</td><td> 9 88</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 0</td><td>no</td><td> 12</td><td> 5.67</td><td> 9 88</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 1</td><td>Yes</td><td> 2</td><td> 6.32</td><td> 9 55</td><td> 98 7</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 1</td><td>Yes</td><td> 4</td><td> 6.23</td><td> 9 49</td><td> 98.1</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 1</td><td>Yes</td><td> 6</td><td> 6.20</td><td> 9.48</td><td> 98</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 1</td><td>Yes</td><td> 8</td><td> 6.15</td><td> 9.55</td><td> 98 6</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 1</td><td>Yes</td><td> 10</td><td> 6.19</td><td> 9.44</td><td> 97 5</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 1</td><td>Yes</td><td> 12</td><td> 6.20</td><td> 941</td><td> 97.2</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 1</td><td>no</td><td> 2</td><td> 5.72</td><td> 9.82</td><td> 99 5</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 1</td><td>no</td><td> 4</td><td> 5.77</td><td> 9.77</td><td> 99</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 1</td><td>me</td><td> 6</td><td> 5 73</td><td> 9.77</td><td> 98.9</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 1</td><td>no</td><td> 8</td><td> 5.74</td><td> 9.76</td><td> 98 8</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 1</td><td>me</td><td> 10</td><td> 5.74</td><td> 9.83</td><td> 99 5</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 1</td><td>me</td><td> 12</td><td> 5 77</td><td> 9.73</td><td> 98.5</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>Yes</td><td> 2</td><td> 6.22</td><td> 9.31</td><td> 96.2</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>Yes</td><td> 4</td><td> 6.20</td><td> 9 23</td><td> 95.4</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>Yes</td><td> 6</td><td> 6.20</td><td> 9.21</td><td> 95.2</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

1S

178 689 table 7 (continued)

<td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td><td> 6</td><td> 7</td><td> 8</td>

<td> 2</td><td>Yes</td><td> 8</td><td> 6.20</td><td> 9 22</td><td> 95.3</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>Yes</td><td> 10</td><td> 6.19</td><td> 9.13</td><td> 94 4</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>Yes</td><td> 12</td><td> 6.20</td><td> 9.11</td><td> 94.1</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>no</td><td> 2</td><td> 5.75</td><td> 9.54</td><td> 96.6</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>no</td><td> 4</td><td> 5.71</td><td> 9 57</td><td> 97.4</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>me</td><td> 6</td><td> 5.59</td><td> 9 48</td><td> 96 0</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>no</td><td> 8</td><td> 5.65</td><td> 941</td><td> 95.2</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>no</td><td> 10</td><td> 5.58</td><td> 9.37</td><td> 94.8</td><td>amber</td><td>cloudy precipitate</td>

<td> 2</td><td>no</td><td> 12</td><td> 5.57</td><td> 9.35</td><td> 94 6</td><td>amber</td><td>cloudy precipitate</td>

<td> 4</td><td>Yes</td><td> 2</td><td> 6.19</td><td> 8.85</td><td> 91.5</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 4</td><td>Yes</td><td> 4</td><td> 6 20</td><td> 8.79</td><td> 90</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 4</td><td>Yes</td><td> 6</td><td> 6.22</td><td> 8.81</td><td> 91</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 4</td><td>Yes</td><td> 8</td><td> 6.17</td><td> 8.73</td><td> 90 3</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 4</td><td>Yes</td><td> 10</td><td> 6.17</td><td> 8 69</td><td> 89.8</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 4</td><td>Yes</td><td> 12</td><td> 6 19</td><td> 8 55</td><td> 88.4</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 4</td><td>no</td><td> 2</td><td> 5.72</td><td> 9.16</td><td> 92.8</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 4</td><td>no</td><td> 4</td><td> 5.71</td><td> 9.06</td><td> 92.2</td><td>yellow</td><td>cloudy, slight precipitate</td>

<td> 4</td><td>no</td><td> 6</td><td> 5 63</td><td> 9.13</td><td> 92.4</td><td>amber</td><td>cloudy, slight precipitate</td>

<td> 4</td><td>no</td><td> 8</td><td> 5.61</td><td> 9.05</td><td> 90.4</td><td>brown</td><td>moderate sediment</td>

<td> 4</td><td>no</td><td> 10</td><td> 5.66</td><td> 8.87</td><td> 89.8</td><td>brown</td><td>moderate sediment</td>

<td> 4</td><td>no</td><td> 12</td><td> 6.40</td><td> 4.32</td><td> 43 8</td><td>amber</td><td>black-silver sediment</td>

<td> 8</td><td>Yes</td><td> 2</td><td> 5.93</td><td> 7.70</td><td> 79 6</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 8</td><td>Yes</td><td> 4</td><td> 5.92</td><td> 7 69</td><td> 79 5</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 8</td><td>Yes</td><td> 6</td><td> 5.89</td><td> 7.67</td><td> 79.3</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 8</td><td>Yes</td><td> 8</td><td> 5.88</td><td> 7.66</td><td> 79 1</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 8</td><td>Yes</td><td> 10</td><td> 5.86</td><td> 7.45</td><td> 76 9</td><td>amber</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 8</td><td>Yes</td><td> 12</td><td> 6.58</td><td> 0</td><td> 0</td><td>colorless</td><td>black precipitate</td>

<td> 8</td><td>no</td><td> 2</td><td> 5.39</td><td> 8 02</td><td> 81 1</td><td>amber</td><td>light sediment</td>

<td> 8</td><td>me</td><td> 4</td><td> 5.32</td><td> 7.96</td><td> 80 6</td><td>amber</td><td>light sediment</td>

<td> 8</td><td>no</td><td> 6</td><td> 5 32</td><td> 7.89</td><td> 79.9</td><td>brown</td><td>moderate sediment</td>

178 689 table 7 (continued)

<td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td><td> 6</td><td> 7</td><td> 8</td>

<td> 8</td><td>no</td><td> 8</td><td> 5.26</td><td> 7.76</td><td> 78.5</td><td>brown</td><td>heavy brown deposit</td>

<td> 8</td><td>no</td><td> 10</td><td> 6.43</td><td> 0.68</td><td> 6.9</td><td>colorless</td><td>black-silver sediment</td>

<td> 8</td><td>no</td><td> 12</td><td> 6.43</td><td> 0</td><td> 0</td><td>colorless</td><td>black-silver sediment</td>

* CBDCA = 1,1-cyclobutane dicarboxylic acid;

^x Solutions in 10 ml glass vials with 20 mm teflon-coated stoppers; the solution was adjusted to pH 6 with NaOH.

xx - time 0 means the output time (at the start).

Table 8. Effect of vial filling volume on chemical and physical stability at 50 ° C of aqueous solutions of carboplatin (10 mg / ml) at pH 6, with or without addition of 1 mg / ml CBDCA * with air above the solution^x

<td rowspan="2">Time stored for a week</td><td rowspan="2">CBDCA</td><td rowspan="2">Fluid filling volume (ml)</td><td rowspan="2">pH</td><td colspan="2">Carboplatin</td><td rowspan="2">The color of the solution</td><td rowspan="2">Clarity of the solution</td>

<td>mg / ml</td><td>content (%)</td>

<td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td><td> 6</td><td> 7</td><td> 8</td>

<td> 2</td><td>Yes</td><td> 2</td><td> 6.49</td><td> 9.48</td><td> 97 9</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>Yes</td><td> 4</td><td> 6.49</td><td> 9.53</td><td> 98.5</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>Yes</td><td> 6</td><td> 6 48</td><td> 9.55</td><td> 98.6</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>Yes</td><td> 8</td><td> 631</td><td> 9.52</td><td> 98.4</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>Yes</td><td> 10</td><td> 6.29</td><td> 9.53</td><td> 98.5</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>Yes</td><td> 12</td><td> 6.31</td><td> 9 48</td><td> 98</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>no</td><td> 2</td><td> 6.13</td><td> 9.9</td><td> 100.2</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>no</td><td> 4</td><td> 6 1</td><td> 9.82</td><td> 99 4</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>no</td><td> 6</td><td> 6.05</td><td> 9.49</td><td> 95.7</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>no</td><td> 8</td><td> 5.92</td><td> 9.79</td><td> 99.1</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2'</td><td>no</td><td> 10</td><td> 6.02</td><td> 9.8</td><td> 99.2</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 2</td><td>no</td><td> 12</td><td> 6.1</td><td> 9.84</td><td> 99.6</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 4</td><td>Yes</td><td> 2</td><td> 6.29</td><td> 9.48</td><td> 98</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 4</td><td>Yes</td><td> 4</td><td> 6.21</td><td> 9.43</td><td> 97.5</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 4</td><td>Yes</td><td> 6</td><td> 6.27</td><td> 9.39</td><td> 97.1</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 4</td><td>Yes</td><td> 8</td><td> 6.32</td><td> 9 45</td><td> 97 7</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 4</td><td>Yes</td><td> 10</td><td> 6.03</td><td> 9.5</td><td> 98.2</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 4</td><td>Yes</td><td> 12</td><td> 6 30</td><td> 9.49</td><td> 98.1</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 4</td><td>me</td><td> 2</td><td> 6.10</td><td> 9.83</td><td> 99.5</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 4</td><td>no</td><td> 4</td><td> 6.23</td><td> 9 79</td><td> 99.1</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>⁴</td><td>no</td><td> 6</td><td> 6.05</td><td> 9.69</td><td> 98.1</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

178 689 table 8 (continued)

<td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td><td> 6</td><td> 7</td><td> 8</td>

<td> 4</td><td>no</td><td> 8</td><td> 5 91</td><td> 9.74</td><td> 98.7</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 4</td><td>no</td><td> 10</td><td> 5 98</td><td> 9.71</td><td> 98.3</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 4</td><td>no</td><td> 12</td><td> 5 94</td><td> 9.71</td><td> 98 4</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 8</td><td>Yes</td><td> 2</td><td> 6 22</td><td> 9.09</td><td> 93.9</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 8</td><td>Yes</td><td> 4</td><td> 6.20</td><td> 9.10</td><td> 94 1</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 8</td><td>Yes</td><td> 6</td><td> 6 17</td><td> 9.09</td><td> 93 9</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 8</td><td>Yes</td><td> 8</td><td> 6.17</td><td> 9 06</td><td> 93.7</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 8</td><td>Yes</td><td> 10</td><td> 6 15</td><td> 9.05</td><td> 93.5</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 8</td><td>Yes</td><td> 12</td><td> 6.14</td><td> 9 09</td><td> 94</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 8</td><td>me</td><td> 2</td><td> 5 93</td><td> 9.50</td><td> 96.2</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 8</td><td>no</td><td> 4</td><td> 6.06</td><td> 9.29</td><td> 94</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 8</td><td>no</td><td> 6</td><td> 5.75</td><td> 9.30</td><td> 94.2</td><td>yellow</td><td>light sediment</td>

<td> 8</td><td>no</td><td> 8</td><td> 5 66</td><td> 9.39</td><td> 95 1</td><td>yellow</td><td>light sediment</td>

<td> 8</td><td>no</td><td> 10</td><td> 5.63</td><td> 9 34</td><td> 94 5</td><td>amber</td><td>light sediment</td>

<td> 8</td><td>me</td><td> 12</td><td> 5 62</td><td> 9.34</td><td> 94.6</td><td>amber</td><td>light sediment</td>

<td> 16</td><td>Yes</td><td> 2</td><td> 6.07</td><td> 8.67</td><td> 89.6</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 16</td><td>Yes</td><td> 4</td><td> 6.07</td><td> 8.67</td><td> 89.6</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 16</td><td>Yes</td><td> 6</td><td> 6 07</td><td> 8.66</td><td> 89.5</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 16</td><td>Yes</td><td> 8</td><td> 6 07</td><td> 8.63</td><td> 89.2</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 16</td><td>Yes</td><td> 10</td><td> 6.10</td><td> 8.65</td><td> 89 4</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 16</td><td>Yes</td><td> 12</td><td> 6.11</td><td> 8.67</td><td> 89.6</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td> 16</td><td>me</td><td> 2</td><td> 5 56</td><td> 9 08</td><td> 92</td><td>yellow</td><td>cloudy precipitate</td>

<td> 16</td><td>me</td><td> 4</td><td> 5 52</td><td> 9 04</td><td> 91.4</td><td>yellow</td><td>light sediment</td>

<td> 16</td><td>me</td><td> 6</td><td> 5.47</td><td> 8.96</td><td> 90.7</td><td>yellow</td><td>light sediment</td>

<td> 16</td><td>no</td><td> 8</td><td> 5 43</td><td> 8.92</td><td> 90 4</td><td>amber</td><td>moderate sediment</td>

<td> 16</td><td>no</td><td> 12</td><td> 5 40</td><td> 8 87</td><td> 89 8</td><td>brown</td><td>heavy sediment</td>

* CBDCA = 1,1-cyclobutane dicarboxylic acid;

^x Solutions in 10 ml glass vials with 20 mm teflon-coated stoppers; the solution was adjusted to pH 6 with NaOH. The total volume of the vial - 14 ml.

The amount of sediment formed in 10 mg / ml aqueous carboplatin solutions (without addition of CBDCA and at the initial, uncorrected pH of approximately 5.7) at 50 ° C and 60 ° C is directly related to the volume of the solution poured into the 10 ml vial (actual maximum vial volume is approximately 14 ml). With the increase in the filling volume with the solution (with a corresponding decrease in the oxygen / carboplatin ratio), both the color intensity and the amount of precipitate increased. This proves that the stabil

178 The nature of carboplatin is related to the amount (ratio) of oxygen present and illustrates the effect of headspace gas on stability.

The data in Table 6 show that the large fill volume of the vials (reduced oxygen availability), up to 10 and 12 ml of solution (without adding CBDCA), causes exhaustive loss of activity after 8 weeks storage at 60 ° C, with formation of black and silver sediment (indicating the presence of platinum oxides and metallic platinum).

In carboplatin solutions to which CBDCA was not added, stored at 50 ° C and 60 ° C, sediment was formed in all fill volumes (with increasing temperature or fill volume, the time to sediment formation decreases and the amount of sediment increases). With the exception of the vials with very large fill volumes (10 and 12 ml), the precipitate formed at 50 ° C and 60 ° C is generally brown in color and in the amorphous form typical of an oligomeric mixture. Many samples where there was decomposition also showed small amounts of spherical "Maltese cross" crystals

Example IV. Effect of pH Value on Solution Stability (Air Blown Solutions)

The influence of the pH value on the stability of an aqueous solution of carboplatin at a concentration of 10 mg / ml was investigated at 50 ° C and 60 ° C. 1 mg / ml of CBDCA was added to each solution. The pH of the solutions was adjusted to 4.5, 6, 718 with 1 ml of 10 nNaOH. The effect of pH on solutions to which CBDCA was not added was not investigated due to the difficulty of adjusting it in solutions without converting carboplatin to other compounds, e.g. addition of HCl would convert to cis-platinum). Each solution was purged with air for one hour and filtered through sterile 0.2 µm Gelman # 4192 filters into 6 mL # 04515/00 Wheaton vials. Each vial was filled with 3 ml (50% by volume) of the carboplatin solution. There was air in the headspace of the vials.

The vials were closed with Daikyo # 759 fluorescent coated plugs and sealed with Wheaton 20mm aluminum caps. The samples were stored at 60 ° C for 1, 2.4, and 8 weeks and at 50 ° C for 2.4, 8116 weeks. The obtained results are presented in Table 9.

Table 9. Effect of pH value on the chemical and physical stability of 10 mg / ml aqueous carboplatin solutions containing 1 mg / ml CBDCA with air in the headspace.

<td rowspan="2">The storage conditions</td><td rowspan="2">PH</td><td colspan="2">Carboplatin</td><td rowspan="2">The color of the solution</td><td rowspan="2">Clarity of the solution</td>

<td>mg / ml</td><td>content (%)</td>

<td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td><td> 6</td>

<td>at the start</td><td> 4.02</td><td> 10.43</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>at the start</td><td> 5 00</td><td> 10.45</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>at the start</td><td> 6 06</td><td> 10.36</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>at the start</td><td> 7.06</td><td> 10.24</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>at the start</td><td> 8.00</td><td> 9 73</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>1 week 60 ° C</td><td> 3.82</td><td> 9.41</td><td> 90.2</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>I week 60 ° C</td><td> 4.89</td><td> 10.3</td><td> 98.6</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>1 week 60 ° C</td><td> 5.94</td><td> 10.1</td><td> 97.5</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>1 week 60 ° C</td><td> 6 72</td><td> 9.83</td><td> 96</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>1 week 60 ° C</td><td> 7.00</td><td> 8.92</td><td> 91 6</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

178 689 table 9 (continued)

<td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td><td> 6</td>

<td>2 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 4.12</td><td> 10.38</td><td> 99.5</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>2 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 5.06</td><td> 10.14</td><td> 97.1</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>2 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 6.10</td><td> 9 95</td><td> 96 1</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>2 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 6.70</td><td> 9.53</td><td> 93.1</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>2 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 8 81</td><td> 8.67</td><td> 89.1</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>4 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 4.30</td><td> 9.24</td><td> 88.5</td><td>amber</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>4 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 5.12</td><td> 9.62</td><td> 92 1</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>4 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 6.07</td><td> 9 20</td><td> 88.8</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>4 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 6.53</td><td> 8.71</td><td> 85.1</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>4 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 6.64</td><td> 7.59</td><td> 77 9</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>8 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 4.54</td><td> 9.43</td><td> 90.4</td><td>brown</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>8 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 5.20</td><td> 9.20</td><td> 88.1</td><td>amber</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>8 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 6.03</td><td> 8.42</td><td> 81.3</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>8 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 644</td><td> 7.98</td><td> 77.9</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>8 weeks 60 ° C</td><td> 6.56</td><td> 7.14</td><td> 73 4</td><td>amber</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>2 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 4 00</td><td> 10.32</td><td> 99</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>2 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 5 06</td><td> 10.38</td><td> 99.4</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>2 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 6.12</td><td> 10 36</td><td> 100</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>2 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 6.98</td><td> 10 17</td><td> 99 3</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>2 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 7.49</td><td> 9 60</td><td> 98 7</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>4 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 4 05</td><td> 10.01</td><td> 96</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>4 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 5.03</td><td> 9 44</td><td> 90.4</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>4 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 6.09</td><td> 10 03</td><td> 96.8</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>4 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 6.77</td><td> 9 75</td><td> 95.1</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>4 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 7.18</td><td> 9.10</td><td> 93.5</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>8 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 4.05</td><td> 1001</td><td> 95.9</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>8 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 5 03</td><td> 10.00</td><td> 95.8</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>8 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 6.09</td><td> 9.81</td><td> 94.8</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>8 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 6.77</td><td> 9.43</td><td> 92.2</td><td>colorless</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>8 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 7.18</td><td> 8.88</td><td> 91.2</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

178 689 table 9 (continued)

<td> 1</td><td> 2</td><td> 3</td><td> 4</td><td> 5</td><td> 6</td>

<td>16 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 4 53</td><td> 9.73</td><td> 93.3</td><td>amber</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>16 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 5.16</td><td> 9 67</td><td> 92.6</td><td>yellow</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>16 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 6.06</td><td> 9 68</td><td> 93.5</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>16 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 6.55</td><td> 8.80</td><td> 85.9</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

<td>16 weeks 50 ° C</td><td> 6.73</td><td> 8.20</td><td> 8.23</td><td>straw</td><td>transparent</td>

3.3 ml of solution in 6 ml type I glass vials with Teflon-coated stoppers of 20 mm diameter. The solutions were adjusted to different pH values ​​with NaOH.

Table 7 presents the results of the study of the effect of the pH value on the chemical and physical stability of aqueous solutions of carboplatin at a concentration of 10 mg / ml, with the addition of CBDCA in the amount of 1 mg / ml, kept in vials, in which 50% of the headspace was filled with air. Regardless of the starting pH (pH values ​​4 to 8), all solutions remained clear and free of sediment for 8 weeks at 60 ° C or 16 weeks at 50 ° C, confirming the beneficial effect of added CBDCA on physical stability.

The color of the solutions stored at elevated temperatures was the most intense in the solutions with the lowest initial pH values ​​(pH 4). The weakest color development was recorded for the samples with a starting pH of 6-7.

Chemical stability (maintenance of carboplatin activity) slightly decreased with increasing pH from 4 to 8 (most characteristic for 8 and 16 weeks of storage at 50 ° C and 8 weeks at 60 ° C data). In the starting solutions with a pH value of 4 to 7, the pH of the decomposed samples remained relatively unchanged (i.e., changes in the range &lt;0.5 units). The physical and chemical data obtained from the preliminary studies presented above make it possible to determine the pH range from 4 to 7 in the form of a drug as optimal for both chemical and physical stability.

The cited data show that the addition of CBDCA and purging with air or oxygen, as well as maintaining a significant space above the solution filled with air or oxygen (10 - 50% by volume or more) in the container allows to obtain storable carboplatin solutions, characterized by satisfactory chemical and physical stability . Evidence of this stability is that in these solutions there is minimal color formation (4324% of the solutions are generally clear, amber, yellow or green) and the precipitate is either absent or only slightly formed.

Buffering or maintaining the pH with sodium hydroxide and optionally CBDCA is preferred. The addition of CBDCA at a concentration of 5 - 40% of the carboplatin concentration inhibits the formation of color and precipitate.

Modifications to the invention may be made according to the knowledge of those skilled in the art without prejudice to its scope.

178 689

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