Extended acknowledgement and rate control channel

[0001] The present invention relates to wireless communication, and more specifically to channels confirming and controlling the transmission rate.

Background [0002] Wireless communication systems are widely used to provide various types of connections, such as voice or data transmission. A typical wireless data system or network allows many users to access one or more shared resources. The system can use one of many multi-access techniques, such as frequency domain multiplication (FDM), time domain multiplication (TDM), code multiplication (CDM) and many others.

[0003] Examples of wireless networks include cellular data transmission systems. Here are some examples: (1) "TIA / EIA-95-B standard of compatibility between base station and mobile station for a two-mode, broadband cellular system with distributed spectrum (IS-95 standard), (2) standard offered by the consortium of called "3^rd Generation Partnership Project 2 "(3GPP2) with embedded" physical layer standard TR-45.5 for systems with distributed spectrum CDMA 2000 (IS-2000 standard), (4) fast data transmission system (HDR) adapted to the TIA / EIA / IS- standard 856 (IS-856 standard), and (5) revision D of the IS-2000 standard, covering documents from C.S0001.C to C.S0006.C and other related documents (including subsequent documents subject to D correction) are cited as 1xEV-DV proposal.

[0004] In the example system, the D-correction of the IS-2000 standard (currently in development), the transmission made by mobile stations in the away direction is controlled by the base stations. The base station can specify the maximum speed or ratio of "traffic to the pilot" (TPR - I will be the Pilot Ratio) with which broadcasting from a mobile station is allowed. Currently, it is proposed to use two types of control mechanisms: based on granting access and based on transmission speed control.

[0005] In access-based systems, the mobile station sends feedback to the base station regarding the mobile station's transmission capabilities, data buffer size, QoS Quality of Service, etc. The base station monitors the feedback from many mobile stations and takes decisions allowing individual mobile stations to start broadcasting and determining the maximum speed at which this broadcasting can take place. These decisions are delivered to mobile stations via an award message.

[0006] In systems based on transmission speed control, the base station regulates the transmission speed of mobile stations in a limited way (i.e. one step up, unchanged, one step down). Control commands are transmitted to mobile stations using a simple binary speed control bit or using multivalue indicators.

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V3570EN00 / LB [0007] Under buffer filled conditions in which active mobile stations contain a significant amount of data, access-based techniques and techniques based on transmission speed control operate in an almost identical manner. By ignoring additional overhead issues, the access granting method may be more capable of controlling data streams at different QoS levels. There are two ways to control the transmission speed, including the approach determining the dedicated transmission speed, transmitting a single bit to each of the mobile stations, and the approach ensuring common regulation of the transmission speed, using one bit per sector. A variety of hybrid solutions, combining both of these methods, can give many mobile stations bits controlling the transmission speed. An approach that provides a common rate control may require less overhead. As the number of simultaneously transmitting mobile stations decreases, the effects obtained by a method ensuring common regulation of transmission speed and a method granting dedicated transmission speeds approach each other.

[0008] Techniques based on granting access can cause rapid changes in the transmission speed of mobile stations. However, pure techniques based on granting access to channels may suffer the effects of a significant overhead if the speed changes occur continuously. Similarly, techniques based on pure control of the transmission speed may suffer the effects of requiring a longer time, slow changes in this speed, as well as significant overhead over the duration of these changes.

[0009] Neither of these approaches provides a reduction in overhead while still being able to rapidly make significant changes in transmission speed. An example of an approach meeting these requirements is contained in patent application US2005 / 030911 A1, entitled "Combination of access control commands, acknowledgment and control of transmission speed", filed February 17, 2004, to the present applicant.

[0010] In documents from the VTC Fall 2001 IEEE54th Vehicular Technology Conference Proceedings held in Atlantic City, NJ, from 07 to 11 October 2001, IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference, New Your: IEEE, UD, vol. VOL 1 with 4. Conf. 54, from October 7, 2001, on pages from 1721 to 1725, by Gyung-Ho Hwang and others, entitled "Distributed transmission speed control to maximize throughput and QoS implementation in the WCDMA system" revealed a diagram of distributed transmission speed control to maximize throughput and implement various QoS support level for each user in 3GPP WCDMA system, using a variable scattering factor in the specification of physical channel parameters.

[0011] Document ETSI TS 125 211 ETSI STANDARDS, EUROPEAN TELECOMMUNICATIONS STANDARDS INSTITUTE, SOPHIA ANTIPO, FR, vol. 3-R1, no. V530, December 2002 discloses "Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); Physical channels and mapping of transport channels in physical channels (FDD) (3GPP TS 25.211, version 5.3.0, edition 5).

[0012] In addition, it is desirable to reduce the number of control channels, while maintaining the desired level of error probability during the transmission of related commands on the control channels. In this technical field, there is a need to create a system that provides the ability to control the transmission speeds (or allocate resources to) of both individual mobile stations and groups of mobile stations without excessive increase in the number of channels. In addition, there is a need to create the possibility of adjusting probability level 2

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V3570PL00 / LB errors occurring in various commands controlling the baud rate or constituting confirmations. Thus, there is a need in this technical field to reduce the overhead associated with the transmission of control and confirmation commands, and to provide the necessary control of transmission rates.

Summary [0013] The invention presented herein, as demonstrated in the claims, satisfies the need in the art related to the creation of an extended confirmation / control rate channel. In one variant, the confirmation command and the baud rate control command are combined to form a complex command. In another variant, the complex command is in accordance with the constellation of points, and each point corresponds to a pair of information containing a command controlling the baud rate and a confirmation command. In yet another variant, the joint command controlling the transmission speed is transmitted along with the complex command or the command transmitting the dedicated transmission speed. Various other options are also presented. These variants have the advantage of reducing the overhead while providing confirmation transmissions and providing baud rate control for individual mobile stations and / or for groups of mobile stations.

Brief Description of the Drawings [0014] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system capable of supporting multiple users;

[0015] FIG. 2 depicts an example mobile station and base station that form a system adapted for data transmission;

[0016] FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a wireless communication device, such as a mobile station or base station;

[0017] FIG. 4 shows an example structure of data signals and control commands during data transmission in the "away" direction;

[0018] FIG. 5 shows an example confirmation channel;

[0019] FIG. 6 depicts an example rate control channel;

[0020] FIG. 7 illustrates an example method that can be used at a base station to allocate capacity in response to requests and transmissions from one or more mobile stations;

[0021] FIG 8 illustrates an example method of creating allocation, confirmation and control commands;

[0022] FIG. 9 depicts an example method used at a mobile station to monitor and respond to assignment, confirmation and control commands;

[0023] FIG. 10 depicts the time dependencies in the variant comprising combined confirmation and control channels for transmission speed;

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V3570PL00 / LB [0024] FIG. 11 shows the time dependencies in the variant containing the combined confirmation and control channels of the transmission rate together with the new allocation;

[0025] FIG. 12 depicts the time dependencies in the variant including combined confirmation and control channels for transmission speed without a new assignment;

[0026] FIG. 13 is a variant of the system comprising the dedicated baud rate signal and the common baud rate control signal;

[0027] FIG. 14 is a variant of a system comprising the extended confirmation channel in the "to" direction;

[0028] FIG. 15 depicts an example constellation useful for creating an expanded acknowledgment channel;

[0029] FIG. 16 depicts an alternative constellation useful for creating an expanded acknowledgment channel;

[0030] FIG. 17 is an example of a three-dimensional constellation useful for forming an extended confirmation channel;

[0031] FIG. 18 depicts an example embodiment of a method for processing received transmissions, including acknowledgment and transmission rate control;

[0032] FIG. 19 depicts an example implementation of the method of responding to dedicated and common control of the transmission speed;

[0033] FIG. 20 illustrates an alternative example implementation of a method for processing received transmissions, including acknowledgment and control of the transmission rate; and [0034] FIG. 21 shows a method of receiving and responding to commands transmitted on the extended acknowledgment channel in the "to" direction.

Detailed description of the invention [0035] The embodiments shown below allow the allocation of shared resources, such as those shared by one or more mobile stations maintaining communication with the system, by advantageous control of controlling one or more transmission speeds, in combination with various confirmation messages transmitted within the system.

[0036] Techniques for combining the use of allocated channels, confirmation channels and transmission rate control channels are described below to create combined scheduling based on allocation and schedules based on adjusting transmission speed and deriving the benefits thereof. Different variants can create one or many of the following benefits: rapid increase in transmission speed at the mobile station, quick stopping of transmission at the mobile station, low overhead resulting from the regulation of transmission speed of mobile stations, low overhead resulting from the transmission of confirmation from mobile stations, generally low overhead , Quality of Service (QoS) control for data streams from one or more mobile stations.

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V3570PL00 / LB [0037] The combination of the transmission rate control channel with the confirmation channel using a constellation of points to create different pairs of commands allows a reduction in the number of control channels. In addition, a constellation can be created to provide the desired level of error probability for each of its related commands. The dedicated baud rate signal can be arranged along with the common baud rate control signal. The arrangement of one or more channels of dedicated transmission speed with one or more channels of common regulation of transmission speed allows for specific regulation of transmission speed of a single mobile station, as well as the possibility of controlling larger groups of mobile stations with reduced overhead. The other benefits will be described in detail below.

[0038] One or more of the variants described herein can be used in the context of digital wireless communication systems. While using the invention in such a context brings certain benefits, its various variants can be used in a variety of environments or configurations. Generally, the various systems described herein can be created using software controlled processors, integrated circuits, or discrete logic circuits. The data, instructions, commands, information, signals, symbols and electronic components to which reference may be made in the patent application are preferably represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic elements, optical fields or optical elements, or combinations of these ingredients. In addition, the blocks depicted on each block diagram can represent both hardware components and method steps.

[0039] More specifically, various variants of the invention can be incorporated into a wireless communication system that works in accordance with the communication standard outlined and announced in the descriptions of various standards published by the Industrial Telecommunications Association (TIA) and other standardization organizations. This category includes: the TIA / EIA-95 standard, the TIA / EIA-IS-2000 standard, the UMTS and WCDMA standards, the GSM standard and all standards contained in the references attached here. Copies of standards can be obtained by writing to TIA, Department of Standards and Technology, 2500 Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, VA 22201, United States of America. A copy of the standard generally recognized as UMTS, contained in the references, can be obtained by contacting the 3GPP service office, 650 Route des Lucioles-Sophia Antipolis, Valbonne-France.

[0040] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system 100 designed to support one or more CDMA standards and / or variations thereof (e.g., W-CDMA standard, IS-95 standard, CDMA 2000 standard, HDR specification, 1xEV-DV system). In an alternative embodiment, the system 100 may additionally support any other standard or wireless design other than the CDMA system. In this variant, the 100 system is a 1xEV-DV system.

[0041] For simplicity, the illustrated system 100 includes three base stations 104, communicating with two mobile stations 106. The base station and the space within its range are referred to as "cell". For example, on IS-95, CDMA 2000 or 1xEV-DV systems, a cell may contain one or more sectors. In the W-CDMA specification, each of the base station sectors and the space covered by these sectors is treated as a cell. For the purposes of this description, the term base station may be used interchangeably with the term access point or Node B. The term mobile station may be used interchangeably with the term user equipment (UE), subscriber's device, station

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V3570PL00 / LB subscriber, access terminal, remote terminal, or any other suitable term used in the technical field. The term mobile station includes all stationary wireless installations.

[0042] Depending on the CDMA system used, each of the mobile stations 106 may at any time communicate with one (or, if possible, multiple) base stations 104 in the "to" direction, and may communicate with one or more base stations in the "away" direction depending on whether the mobile station is subject to or is not subject to soft forwarding. The "to" direction (or "down" direction) refers to the transmission from the base station to the mobile station, and the "from" direction (i.e. "up" direction) refers to the transmission from the mobile station to the base station.

[0043] Although the various variants described herein are intended to use signals transmitted in the "away" and "to" directions to support transmission in the "away" direction, and some of them may be well adapted to the specificity of the transmission in the "away" direction, those skilled in the art will understand that both mobile stations and base stations can be adapted to transmit data in the manner described herein, and that aspects of the present invention relate equally well to all of these situations. The word "exemplary" is used here only in the sense of "serving as an example, case, illustration." Any of the "exemplary" embodiments described herein may not necessarily be the preferred or more preferred solution than the other variants.

Data transmission in the 'to' direction in the 1xEV-DV system [0044] System 100, such as one of the 1xEV-DV described in the proposal, generally includes "in" direction channels belonging to four classes: overhead channels, dynamically changing IS channels -95 and IS2000, a packet data transmission channel (up to) (F-PDCH), and various other channels. Channel links with overhead change very slowly; for example, they may remain unchanged for many months. They change if there are significant changes in the network configuration. Dynamically changing IS-95 and IS-2000 channels are arranged on an individual cell basis, or are used for IS-95 or IS-2000 voice and packet services, 0 to B edition.

[0045] The F-PDH channel, similar to the channel supporting traffic in the IS-856 standard, is used to transmit data at the highest supported speed to one or two users at the same time within each cell.

[0046] In a 1xEV-DV system, a base station currently transmits on an F-PDH channel to one mobile station, although many users of a given cell can use packet services. (It is also possible to transmit to two users by creating transmission schedules to two users, allocating power and Walsh code for each channel respectively). Mobile stations broadcast in the "to" direction are selected based on the same algorithm that creates the schedule.

[0047] In a system similar to IS-856 or 1xEV-DV, scheduling is based on a portion of channel feedback on the quality of the connection originating from supported mobile stations. For example, in the IS-856 system, mobile stations estimate the quality of the connection in the "to" direction and calculate the value of transmission speed, which can be expected to be possible to maintain in existing conditions. The desired value of transmission speed is transmitted from each of the stations 6

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V3570PL00 / LB mobile to the base station. The scheduling algorithm can, for example, select the mobile station that supports a relatively higher transmission speed for more efficient use of the shared communication channel. In another example, in a 1xEV-DV system, each mobile station transmits an estimated value of the carrier wave ratio to the interference level (C / I) as an estimate of the connection quality on the channel indicating the transmission quality in the "away" direction (R-CQICH). The scheduling algorithm is used to determine which of the mobile stations will be selected for transmission, and is also used to determine the appropriate baud rate and data format, depending on the quality of the channel.

[0048] As described above, the wireless communication system 100 can simultaneously support multiple users by sharing resources, as is the case with the IS-95 system, can allocate all resources to one user, as is the case with the IS-856 system, or separate communication resources to implement both types of access. The 1xEV-DV system is an example of a system that divides communication resources between both of these types of access and dynamically arranges connections depending on users' requirements. In this way, an example of how to make the connection in the "to" direction was described. Many examples of how to implement a "away" connection will be described in detail below.

[0049] FIG. 2 shows an exemplary mobile station 106 and base station 104 that form a system 100 adapted to transmit data. The base station 104 and base station 106 shown in the figure communicate with each other in the "from" and "to" directions. Mobile station 106 receives signals from the "to" connection using the receiving subsystem 220. The base station sends data in the "to" direction and via control channels, as will be described in detail later, can be considered as a station serving mobile station 106. An exemplary receiving system is described in detail below with reference to FIG. 3. The estimated value of the carrier-to-interference ratio (C / I) is determined based on the signal sent by the serving station in the "to" direction received by the mobile station 106. C / I measurement is an example of a channel quality metric used to estimate channel quality, alternative channel quality metrics can be introduced in other variants. The measured C / I value is provided to the transmission subsystem 210 of the base station 104, an example of which is described in detail hereinafter with reference to FIG. 3.

[0050] The transmitting subsystem 210 provides the estimated C / I value via a "away" connection to the serving base station. It should be noted that in a soft forwarding situation, commonly known in the art, signals transmitted via a "away" connection from a mobile station may be received by one or more base stations other than the serving station, referred to herein as non-serving stations base. Receiving subsystem 230 at base station 104 receives C / I information from mobile station 106.

[0051] The scheduling block 240 located at base station 104 is used to determine if and how data should be transmitted to one or more mobile stations located in the area of ​​the cell to be serviced. To this end, any type of scheduling algorithm can be used within the present invention. One example is shown in the US Patent Application No. 08 / 798,951, entitled 'Method and device for creating

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V3570PL00 / LB schedules in a forward-facing connection ", filed February 11, 1997, to the present applicant.

[0052] In this 1xEV-DV system variant, the mobile station is selected for transmission when the measured C / I value received from the mobile station indicates that the data can be transmitted at a certain speed. Due to the overall system performance, it is preferable to select the target mobile station so that the shared communication resources are utilized using the maximum maintainable transmission speed. Thus, a mobile station with the highest C / I value will typically be selected. Other factors may also be considered when making decisions related to scheduling. For example, some users may be guaranteed certain minimum quality of service conditions. It may happen that a mobile station is selected that reports a relatively low C / I value to maintain a certain minimum transmission speed for this user. It is possible to select a mobile station not reporting the highest C / I value in order to maintain a certain level of impartiality between individual users.

[0053] In the exemplary 1xEV-DV system, the scheduling block 240 determines which of the mobile stations is to take the transmission, and also determines the transmission speed, modulation format, and power level for that transmission. In an alternative variant, such as the IS-856 system, decisions about the maintainable transmission speed / modulation format can be made at the mobile station based on the channel quality values ​​measured at the mobile station and the transmission format can be forwarded to the serving base station instead measured value of C / I. Those skilled in the art will recognize that it is possible to create a great deal of mutual combinations of supported baud rate values, modulation formats, power levels and similar factors that can be used in the context of the present invention. In addition, although the scheduling activities in the various variants described herein are performed by the base station, in alternative variants some or all of the processes associated with scheduling may be performed by mobile stations.

[0054] The scheduling block 240 directs the broadcast subsystem 250 so that it performs a "to" transmission intended for the selected mobile station, using the selected transmission rate, modulation format, power level and other similar factors.

[0055] In this variant, the messages transmitted on the control channel or on the F-PDCCH are transmitted along with other data on the data channel or on the F-PDCH. The control channel can be used to identify the mobile station that is the recipient of the data sent on the F-PDCH channel, as well as to identify other communication parameters used during the communication session. The mobile station should receive and demodulate incoming data from the F-PDCH when the F-PDCCH shows that the mobile station is the target of the transmission. After receiving such data, the mobile station responds by sending a message in the away direction indicating the sources of errors in the transmission. Commonly known retransmission techniques are used in systems designed for data transmission.

[0056] A mobile station may maintain a connection to more than one base station under conditions termed soft forwarding. Soft forwarding can apply to many sectors belonging to one base station (or one transceiver base subsystem (BTS Base Transceiver 8

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System)), which is referred to as softer redirection, as well as sectors belonging to many BTSs. In a system with simultaneous sharing of resources, such as IS-95, IS-2000 or in a relevant part of the 1xEV-DV system, the mobile station can combine signals from the "to" direction transmitted by sectors from the active set. In a system that transmits only data, such as IS-856, or in a relevant part of the 1xEV-DV system, the mobile station receives data from the "to" direction from a signal sent by one base station belonging to the active set, i.e. by the serving base station (determined according to the selection algorithm implemented by the mobile station, such as described in the C.S0002.C standard). Other "forward" signals, examples of which are described in detail below, may also be received from non-serving base stations.

[0057] Signals transmitted in the "away" direction by mobile stations can be received by many base stations and the quality of the connection in the "away" direction is generally maintained by the base stations belonging to the active set. It is possible to combine signals transmitted in the "away" direction received by various base stations. In general, the soft joining of signals transmitted in the 'away' direction by base stations spaced at certain mutual distances will require considerable network bandwidth and very small delays, so the examples mentioned above will not be able to handle such transmission. In the case of softer redirection, signals transmitted in the "away" direction, received by many sectors of a single BTS station, can be connected without the need for transmission via the network. While the combination of any type of signals transmitted in the "away" direction can be carried out within the framework of the present invention, in the exemplary systems described above, power control during transmission in the "away" direction allows maintaining the quality of the connection enabling the correct decoding of frames in a single BTS station (switched reception spatially cumulative).

[0058] In the system 100, data link transmission can also be performed. The described receiving and transmitting subsystems 210 - 230 and 250 can be constructed so as to send control signals in the "to" direction in order to direct the data transmission in the "away" direction. Mobile stations 106 may also send control information in the away direction. Different mobile stations 106 communicating with one or more base stations 104 may have access to shared communication resources (i.e. to the "away" channel which may be located in a variable manner, as in 1xEV-DV or permanently located, as in IS-856), in response to various access control and baud rate control techniques, examples of which are detailed below. The scheduling block 240 may be arranged so as to determine the location of the link resources in the away direction. Exemplary control signals and data signals of the data link link in the "away" direction are described in detail below.

Base station and mobile station variants.

[0059] FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a wireless communication device, such as mobile station 106 or base station 104. The blocks shown in this variant will generally be subsets of the elements contained in either base station 104 or mobile station 106. Those skilled in the art will quickly adapt the variant shown in FIG . 3 for use in configurations containing any number of base stations and mobile stations.

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V3570EN00 / LB [0060] The signals received by the antenna 310 are fed to the receiver 320. The receiver 320 processes the signals in accordance with one or more communication standards such as those described above. The receiver 320 performs a variety of signal processing, such as frequency conversion in the RF range.

(RF) to the baseband, amplification, analog - digital processing, filtration and similar activities. A variety of radio reception techniques are known in the art. Receiver 320 can be used to measure channel quality in the "to" and "away" directions, depending on whether the device is a fragment of a mobile station or base station, respectively, however, to improve clarity of consideration, a separate block estimating the quality of channel 335 is presented in the drawing. , described below.

[0061] The signals from the receiver 320 are demodulated in the demodulator 325 according to one or more communication standards. This variant presents a demodulator capable of demodulating 1xEV-DV signals. In alternative variants, alternative standards may be supported, while individual variants may support multiple communication formats. The demodulator can perform RAKE reception, updating, connecting, deinterlacing, decoding and various other functions, depending on the requirements arising from the format of the received signals. Various demodulation techniques are known in the art. The demodulator 325 used in the base station 104 will demodulate the signals in accordance with the requirements of the link in the "away" direction. The demodulator 325 used in the mobile station 106 will demodulate the signals in accordance with the requirements of the link towards "to". Both the data transmission channels described here and the control channels are examples of channels that can be received and demodulated in the receiver 320 and in the demodulator 325. Demodulation in the channel transmitting data in the "to" direction will take place in accordance with the information transmitted on the control channel, as described above.

[0062] Message decoder 330 receives demodulated data, receives signals or messages from it to mobile station 106 or base station 104 in the "to" and "from" directions, respectively. The message decoder 330 decodes various messages used to create, maintain and disconnect connections (including voice sessions or data sessions) in the system. Messages may contain indications of channel quality, such as C / I measurement results, related to power control or control channel information used to demodulate the incoming data from the channel towards "to". Various types of control messages may be decoded at either base station 104 or mobile station 106 when transmitted in the away direction, respectively. For example, the following are all channel assignment request messages and channel related messages used when creating "away" data transmission schedules at a mobile station or base station, respectively. Various types of messages are known in the art that can be used when handling different communication standards. The messages are delivered to the processor 350 for processing in the further processing. In the processor 350 some or all of the functions of the message decoder 330 may be implemented, however, to maintain the clarity of the considerations in the figure, the decoder is presented as a separate block. Alternatively, the demodulator 325 may decode some information and may send it directly to the processor 350 (examples may be one-bit information such as ACK / NAK or power increase / decrease commands). The various signals and messages used in the variants attached herein are described in detail.

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V3570EN00 / LB [0063] The channel quality estimation block 335 is connected to the receiver 320 and is used to create various power level estimates used in the procedures below, as well as in other types of processes used in communication, such as demodulation. In the mobile station 106 C / I measurements can be made. In addition, any signals or channels used in the system may be measured in the 335 channel quality estimation block. The block estimating the quality of channel 335 is presented as a separate element only to improve the clarity of considerations. A typical solution is to connect this block with another block, such as receiver 320 or demodulator 325. Various types of signal strength estimations may be performed in the system, depending on which signals and systems we are dealing with. In general, any blocks estimating the channel quality metric can be inserted in place of the channel quality estimation block 325 in the context of the present invention. At base station 104, estimation results are provided to processor 350 to create schedules or determine the quality of the connection in the "away" direction, as described in detail below. Channel quality estimations can be used when making decisions regarding the need to send power increase / decrease commands on channels in the "to" and "from" directions to determine the appropriate power level. This appropriate power level can be determined using an external loop forming a power control mechanism.

[0064] The signals are transmitted via the antenna 310. The signals to be transmitted are formatted in the transmitter 370 in accordance with one or more wireless system standards such as those mentioned above. Examples of elements that can be included in transmitter 370 are amplifiers, filters, analogue to digital (D / A) converters, high frequency (RF) converters and the like. The data to be sent is fed to the transmitter from a modulator 365. Data transmission and control channels can be formatted for transmission in a number of formats. The data to be sent in the channels working in the "to" direction can be formatted in the modulator 365 in accordance with the transmission speed and modulation format indicated by the schedule creation algorithm, in accordance with the results of C / I measurements and other factors determining the quality of the channel. The scheduling block, such as the scheduling block 240 described above, may fit inside the processor 350. Similarly, the transmitter 370 may be directed to transmit at a power level that is consistent with that set by the scheduling algorithm. Examples of elements that can be included in a modulator 365 can be encoders, interlacers, dispersing systems, and various types of modulators. The construction of the channel working in the away direction is also described below, including sample modulation formats and access control blocks suitable for creating a 1xDV-EV system.

[0065] As previously described, the message generator 360 can be used to prepare various types of messages. For example, C / I messages can be generated at a mobile station for forwarding over a "link" link. Different types of control messages may be generated at base station 104 or mobile station 106 for transmission over links operating in the "to" or "away" direction respectively. For example, the messages related to the channel assignment request and related to the channel assignment to be sent in the away direction to create a schedule at the mobile station or base station, respectively, are described below.

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V3570EN00 / LB [0066] Data received and demodulated in demodulator 325 may be provided to processor 350 for use during voice or data transmission, and may also be used by various other components of the system. Similarly, data to be sent from processor 350 can be directed to modulator 365 and transmitter 370. For example, various data related to applications may be contained in the processor 350 or any other processor (not shown in the figure) contained in the wireless communication devices 104 or 106. The base station 104 may be connected via other devices not shown in the drawing, with one or more external networks, such as the Internet (not shown). Mobile station 106 may include a connection to an external device, such as a laptop computer (not shown).

[0067] The processor 350 may be in the form of any common-use microprocessor, digital signal processor (DSP) or special purpose processor. The processor 350 may perform some or all of the functions of the receiver 320, demodulator 325, message decoder 330, channel quality estimator 335, message generator 360, modulator 365 or transmitter 370, as well as other functions related to data processing required by wireless communication devices. The processor can be connected to dedicated systems supporting these tasks (no details have been provided). It is possible to connect to external data or voice processing applications, such as a laptop computer or network connection, these applications may use an additional processor within the working communication devices 104 or 106 or may be supported by the processor 350.

[0068] A typical data transmission communication system may comprise one or more different types of channels. To be more specific, one or more data transmission channels are usually used. It is also typical to use one or more control channels, although the channel data may include in-band control data transmitted over the data transmission channel. For example, in a 1xDV-EV system, the channel transmitting control packet data in the "to" direction (FPDCCH) and the channel transmitting packet data in the "to" direction (F-PDCH) are intended for transmission of control data in the "to" direction, respectively. Various exemplary channels for "away" data transmission are described in detail as follows.

Considerations on the construction of a link in the "away" direction in the 1xDV-EV system [0069] This section describes various elements related to the construction of an exemplary variant of the connection in the "away" direction in a wireless communication system. In many variants described in detail in subsequent parts of the document, signals, parameters and procedures related to the 1xDV-EV standard are used. This standard is described for illustrative purposes only, as each of the aspects described herein and all combinations thereof may be used in any number of communication systems falling within the scope of the present invention. This section of the document serves as a partial summary of the various aspects of the invention, which, however, does not exhaust the subject. The variants are explained in detail in the following sections, in which additional aspects are described.

[0070] In many cases, the "away" connection performance is limited due to interference. Base stations allocate available communication resources for their efficient use

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V3570PL00 / LB and maximizing the bandwidth in the "away" direction in accordance with the quality of service (QoS) requirements for various mobile stations.

[0071] Maximizing the use of connection resources in the away direction is based on certain factors. One of the factors to be considered is the set of "away" transmissions ordered by schedule from various mobile stations, where each of them will experience changes in channel quality over time. To increase overall bandwidth (the total amount of data transmitted by all mobile stations in one cell), it is required to make full use of the connection in the "away" direction as soon as there is any data to be sent in that direction. To take full advantage of the available capacity, mobile stations may be allocated access at the highest transmission speed that they can handle, and access may be allocated to additional mobile stations until the maximum use of available capacity is achieved. One of the factors considered by the base station when deciding which mobile stations should be included in the schedule is the maximum transmission speed that each mobile station can support and the amount of data that each mobile station must send. A mobile station capable of obtaining higher bandwidth may be selected instead of an alternative mobile station whose transmission channel does not support higher bandwidths.

[0072] Another factor to be considered is the quality of service required by each of the mobile stations. Although some delay in access to one mobile station may be allowed, in the hope that channel quality will improve and opt for a better mobile station choice, it may happen that suboptimal mobile stations may need to be allocated access to meet the guarantees minimum level of service quality. Thus, the bandwidth in data transmission resulting from the schedule may not reach the absolute maximum, but may rather obtain the maximum value resulting from consideration of the channel operating conditions, taking into account the available power of transmitters in mobile stations and the requirements resulting from the quality of service. In each configuration, it is desirable to be able to reduce the signal-to-noise ratio requirements for each of the selected sets.

[0073] Various mechanisms for creating schedules are described below that allow mobile stations to transmit data in the away direction. One of the classes of connections providing transmission from the "away" includes in this process a mobile station reporting the request for transmission in the "away" direction. The base station decides whether the available resources are able to accept the request. A channel assignment is made to enable broadcasting. This type of acknowledgment exchange between the mobile station and the base station introduces a delay before starting the "away" transmission. For a certain class of data sent in the "away" direction, such a delay may be acceptable. Other classes that are more dependent on delay use alternative away techniques, as described below, to mitigate the effects of delay.

[0074] In addition, resources related to the "away" link need to be expanded so that they can allow transmission requests to be made, and resources related to the "to" link need to be expanded so that they can respond to the request, i.e. . If the quality of the channel used by the mobile station is low, that is, there are spatial restrictions or deep decays, power requirements in the "in" direction, allowing access to the station

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V3570PL00 / LB mobile are becoming relatively high. Various techniques are described below to limit the number of requests and allocations, as well as to limit the required transmit power during data transmission in the "to" direction.

[0075] In order to avoid delays introduced by the process of confirming requests / allocations, as well as to limit the resources used in connections in the "to" and "from" directions required for their operation, an autonomous transmission mode from the "away" direction is introduced . The mobile station can transmit data in the "away" direction at a limited speed without requesting and without waiting for assignments.

[0076] It may also be required to modify the speed at the mobile station, which is currently transmitting according to the allocation received, or autonomously, without the expenditure incurred for the allocation. To achieve this, commands controlling transmission speed are introduced in schedules related to autonomous transmission or based on requests / assignments. For example, the command set may contain a command to increase, decrease or maintain the current transmission speed. Such baud rate control commands can be addressed individually to each of the mobile stations or to groups of mobile stations. Various examples of commands controlling baud rate, channel and signal selection are described in detail later.

[0077] The base station allocates a portion of the performance of its "away" link to support one or more mobile stations. The maximum power level is dedicated to the mobile station to which access has been allocated. In the variants described here, the resources for the connection working in the "away" direction are allocated on the basis of the ratio "traffic to pilot" (T / P Trafic to Pilot). Because the pilot signal of each mobile station is adaptively controlled via a power regulator, setting the T / P ratio determines the power available for use when transmitting data on the link in the "away" direction. The base station can make specific assignments for one or more mobile stations, showing a T / P specific for each of the mobile stations. The base station may also make joint assignment for other mobile stations that have requested access by showing the maximum T / P value that is allowed for those other mobile stations for transmission. Autonomous and scheduling transmissions, individual and group assignments, transmission speed control are described in detail below.

[0078] Many algorithms are known in the art for creating schedules, and many of them are still in need of development, they can be used to specify various specific and common T / P values ​​for assignments made, as well as commands controlling the required baud rate according to with the number of registered mobile stations, the probability of autonomous transmission carried out by mobile stations, the number and size of overdue reports, the expected average response to allowances and many other factors. In one example, a selection is made based on priorities based on service quality (QoS), efficiency, and available bandwidth from mobile stations belonging to the request group. One example of scheduling techniques is included in the US Patent Application No. 10 / 651,810, being pending, entitled "The system and method for creating scalable schedules based on priorities", filed on 28 August 2003, for the benefit of this applicant. Additional references are included in US Patent 5,914,950, entitled "Method

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V3570PL00 / LB and the device for creating transmission speed schedules in the reverse working connection ", and in US Patent 5,923,650, entitled" Method and device for creating transmission speed schedules in the reverse working connection ", both for the benefit of the present applicant.

[0079] The mobile station may transmit data packets using one or more sub-packets, each of the sub-packets having complete packet information (each packet does not necessarily have to be coded in an identical manner, as different coding and assurance methods may be used) redundancy under different sub-packages). Various retransmission techniques can be used to ensure reliable transmission, for example the automatic replay reQuest (ARQ) technique. So if the first sub-packet is received without errors (which can be determined using, for example, the CRC checksum), a positive acknowledgment (ACK) is sent to the mobile station and no additional sub-packets are sent (please remember that each of the sub - packages contain full information about the package, in one form or another). If the first subpackage is not received correctly, a negative acknowledgment (NAK Negative AcKnoledgement) is sent to the mobile station and a second subpacket is transmitted. The base station can combine the information contained in two subpackets and attempt to decode it. The process can be repeated indefinitely, although it is typical to specify the maximum number of subpackets. Up to four subpackets can be transmitted in the variants described here. Thus, the probability of correct reception increases as additional sub-packets are received. The various ways of combining ARQ responses, baud rate control commands and assignments are presented in detail below to provide the required level of flexibility in selecting the baud rate while maintaining an acceptable level of overheads.

[0080] As already described before, when deciding whether to use an autonomous connection to transmit data with low latency or to request a higher transmission speed considering the need to wait for a common or specific allocation, the mobile station can choose between bandwidth and delay . In addition, for a given T / P value, a mobile station may select a transmission speed to meet delay or bandwidth requirements. For example, a mobile station sending a relatively small number of bits may decide that a low delay value is required. For the available T / P value (in this example the probability of autonomous transmission is the highest, but it is also possible to obtain a common or specific T / P allocation), the mobile station can choose the transmission speed and modulation format in such a way that the probability of the correct reception of the first sub-packet by the base station was high. Although it will be possible to retransmit if necessary, it is highly likely that the base station will be able to send all data bits in one sub-packet. In the various variants described here, each sub-packet is transmitted within a 5ms period. Therefore, in this example, the mobile station can perform an immediate autonomous transmission, which is likely to be received by the base station after 5ms. It should be noted that, alternatively, the mobile station may use the availability of additional sub-packets to increase the amount of data transmitted at a given T / P value. Thus, the mobile station may select autonomous transmission to reduce the delay associated with requesting and receiving the allocation and may additionally select the bandwidth for a specific T / P value to reduce the required

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V3570PL00 / LB number of sub-packets (thus reducing delay). Even if the full number of subpackages is selected, autonomous transmission will result in less delay than requesting and obtaining a quota for sending a relatively small amount of data. Those skilled in the art will notice that as the amount of data to be sent increases, which will necessitate the use of multiple packets, the overall delay can be reduced by selecting the format of the request and assignment expectation, as the loss incurred due to the request and assignment expectation will be compensated by increased bandwidth and higher data transmission speed using multiple packets. This process is described in detail below, using an example of a set of baud rates and formats that can be associated with different T / P values ​​assigned to them.

Link for data transmission in the "away" direction.

[0081] One of the purposes of the appropriate design of a connection operating in the "away" direction may be to keep the distance from the thermal noise (RoT Rise-Over-Termal) of the base station at a relatively constant level throughout the duration of the "away" data transmission. Transmission through the data channel in the "away" direction is carried out in three different modes:

[0082] Autonomous transmission: This case is used in low-latency traffic. The mobile station can start transmitting immediately, using transmission rates reaching a certain value determined by the serving base station (i.e. the base station to which the mobile station sends its Channel Quality Indicator). The serving base station is also referred to as scheduling station or base station making assignments. The maximum permissible speed value for autonomous transmission can be transmitted dynamically by the serving base station, based on the system load or its overload, etc.

[0083] Schedule based transmission: The mobile station sends an estimate of buffer size, available power and, if possible, other parameters. The base station decides when the mobile station will be authorized to broadcast. The purpose of creating a schedule is to limit the number of simultaneous transmissions, thereby reducing interference between mobile stations. The scheduling block may attempt to reduce the transmission speed of mobile stations located in the area between cells so as to reduce interference with neighboring cells and strictly control RoT to protect the sound quality on R-FCH channels, DV responses on R-CQICH channels and confirmations (R-ACKCH) as well as the stability of the entire system.

[0084] Transmission with speed control: Regardless of whether the mobile station is transmitting according to the schedule or autonomous transmission (i.e. according to the assignment), the base station can regulate the transmission speed using the commands changing the transmission speed. Additional commands can be used to determine how the speed changes (i.e. the amount of increments when increasing and decreasing speed). Commands controlling the baud rate can be either probabilistic or deterministic.

[0085] The various variants presented herein include one or more distinctive features introduced to improve the throughput, performance and overall operation of the wireless communication system during "away" transmission. Fragment of 1xDV-EV system,

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In particular, the V3570PL00 / LB method of optimizing transmission for multiple mobile stations in an improved complementary channel operating in the away direction (R-ESCH) is for illustrative purposes only. The various connections made through the "up" and "away" channels used in one or more embodiments of the invention are detailed in this section. These channels are essentially a subset of all the channels used in the communication system.

[0086] FIG. 4 shows an example structure of data signals and control commands during data transmission in the "away" direction. Mobile station 106 shown in the figure communicates through different channels, each of these channels being connected to one or more stations 104A-104C. Base station 104A is designated as a scheduling station. The other base stations 104B and 104C are part of the active set of mobile station 106. Four types of signals transmitted in the 'from' directions and four types of signals transmitted in the 'to' directions are shown. They are described below.

R-REQCH [0087] The R-REQCH Reverse REQuest Channel is used by the mobile station to forward to the base station creating schedules of requests for data transmission in the "away" direction. In this variant, the notifications are transmitted over the R-ESCH (which is described in detail below). In this variant, the application on the RREQCH channel contains information about the value of the T / P ratio that can be handled by the mobile station, changing in accordance with changes in the conditions in the channel, and with changes in the size of the buffer (i.e. the amount of data awaiting transmission). The report may also specify the quality of service (QoS) of data waiting for transmission. It should be noted that the mobile station may have a fixed QoS level for the mobile station or, alternatively, different QoS levels optionally for different types of services. Higher layer protocols may indicate a specific QoS value or other required parameters (such as delay or bandwidth) for various types of data transmission services. In alternative variants, a dedicated control channel operating in the "away" direction (R-DCCH Reverse Dedicated Control Channel), used in conjunction with other channels transmitting data in the "away" direction, such as the basic data transmission channel operating in the "away" direction -FCH Reverse Fundamental Channel) (used for example for the implementation of voice services), can be used to transmit access requests. In general, access requests can be described as incorporating a logical channel, i.e., a "away" scheduling channel (RSRCH - Reversed Schedule Request Channel) that can be mapped to any existing physical channel, such as R- DCCH. This variant is "from" compatible with existing CDMA systems such as IS-2000, revision C and R-REQCH is a physical channel that can be created in the absence of an R-FCH or R-DCCH channel. By way of explanation, the term R-REQCH is used to describe the channel in which requests are made in the variant described here, however, those skilled in the art will easily extend this principle to any system that uses access request reporting, regardless of whether the channel in which the request is being reported access requests are a logical or physical channel. The R-REQCH may be subject to gating until it is necessary to make a request, thus reducing interference and maintaining overall system performance.

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V3570PL00 / LB [0088] In this variant, the R-REQCH contains 12 input bits, among which: 4 bits specify the maximum value of the T / P ratio in the R-ESCH that the mobile station can handle, 4 bits determine the amount of data contained in the mobile station buffer and 4 bits determine the QoS value. Persons skilled in the art will notice that in alternative variants any number of bits or other fields may be entered.

F-GCH [0089] An assignment channel working in the "to" direction (F-GCH - Forward Grant CHannel) allows transmission from a scheduling base station to a mobile station. An F-GCH channel can have multiple channels. In this variant, a common F-GCH channel, transmitting data under joint allocations, has been introduced, and one or more individual F-GCH channels transmitting data under individual allocations have been introduced. Allocations are made by the base station creating schedules, in response to one or more requests coming from one or more mobile stations on the corresponding R-REQCH channels. Assigned channels may be labeled GHCX, where the reference x indicates the channel number. Zero channel number can be used to specify a common channel. If N individual channels have been entered, the value of x can vary from 1 to N.

[0090] Individual assignment may be made for one or more mobile stations, each of which is authorized to broadcast on the R-ESCH with a specified or lower T / P level. Making assignments on a working link to the "to" direction will naturally introduce a markup utilizing some of the performance of the working link to the "to" direction. Various options will be described here to alleviate the allowance associated with the assignments, and in the light of the explanations contained herein, other options will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0091] Consider the situation in which mobile stations will be arranged in such a way that each of them will experience changes in the quality of the transmission channel. Thus, for example, a favorably located mobile station with well-functioning "in" and "away" channels may require relatively low power for signal transmission within the resulting allocation, it can also be expected that both will be able to benefit from high transmission speed, so it will require individual allocation. An unfavorably located mobile station, or a station where deep fading can be expected, may require more power to reliably achieve individual allocation. Such a mobile station may not be an ideal candidate for individual assignment. In the case of such a mobile station, a better solution that creates less overhead due to "to" transmission can be described in detail in the common allocation.

[0092] In this variant, a number of individual F-GCHs have been introduced to create a number of individual assignments made over a given period of time. In the FGCH channels, code multiplication was used. This explains their ability to transmit under each allocation, with the power level required to reach only one specific mobile station. Alternatively, a single channel can be introduced to support individual assignments in a time domain multiplexing mode. To create the possibility of power changes for each of the individual assignments implemented on the F-GCH channel in the time domain multiplexing mode, it may be necessary to complicate the device. Any technique that allows introduction

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V3570PL00 / LB joint or individual access allocations may be used in the context of the present invention.

[0093] In some variants, a relatively large number of channels implementing individual assignments (i.e., F-GCH channels) are introduced, which allows the implementation of a relatively large number of assignments at the same time. In this case, it may be desirable to limit the number of channels carrying out individual assignments that must be monitored by each of the mobile stations. In one variant, different subsets are defined that belong to the full number of channels implementing individual assignments. Each of the mobile stations is associated with a subset of channels carrying out individual assignments subject to monitoring. The trade-off is to increase flexibility in scheduling, because the base station creating schedules may not be able to arbitrarily assign sets of individual assignments (for example, all individual assignments cannot be components of a single group, because these components, due to their construction, do not monitor one or more channels for individual assignments). It should be noted that a loss of flexibility does not necessarily mean a loss of performance. As an illustration, let's consider an example that includes four channels for individual assignments. Mobile stations with even numbers can be associated with monitoring the first two channels implementing individual assignments, while mobile stations with odd numbers can be associated with monitoring the last two channels implementing individual assignments. In another example, the subsets may overlap each other, so that even-numbered mobile stations can monitor the first three channels for individual assignments, and odd-numbered mobile stations can monitor the last three channels for individual assignments. It is obvious that the scheduling base station cannot arbitrarily assign four mobile stations belonging to any of the groups (even or odd). The above examples were illustrative only. Within the scope of the present invention, any number of channels may be introduced, with any configuration of subsets.

[0094] Other mobile stations that have made a request but have not received individual assignments may be allowed to broadcast on the R-ESH channel using a joint allocation specifying the value of the T / P ratio that each of the other mobile stations must maintain. A common F-GCH may also be implemented in relation to a common allocation channel (F-CGCH). The mobile station monitors one or more channels carrying out individual assignments (or a subset thereof) as well as a common F-GCH. If a mobile station has not been allocated an individual allocation, it can broadcast if it has been allocated a joint allocation. The shared assignment indicates the maximum value of the T / P ratio at which other mobile stations (mobile stations to which the joint assignment has been granted) may carry out data transmission under a particular type of service quality (QoS).

[0095] In this variant, each of the joint allocations is valid for a specified number of time intervals in which the transmission of sub-packets is carried out. If a mobile station that has made a request but has not received an individual assignment obtains a joint assignment, it may transmit one or more coded packets at subsequent time intervals. The transmission of information under this assignment may be repeated many times. This allows information to be sent as part of a joint allocation using less power than for an individual allocation. Each of the mobile stations can combine effects obtained during multiple transmissions to reliably decode information sent as part of a shared assignment. Yes 19

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Therefore, in the case of mobile stations with a disadvantageous location, a joint allocation may be selected, for example in situations where the implementation of an individual allocation would require too much a reduction in overall performance during transmission in the "to" direction. However, joint allocations still require significant mark-up and require the use of a variety of techniques, described below, to reduce this mark-up.

[0096] On the F-GCH, the base station carries out a transmission directed to each mobile station included by the base station in the transmission schedule of new packets on the R-ESCH. This may also occur during transmission or retransmission of the encoded packet to force the mobile station to modify the T / P ratio related to the transmission of subsequent sub-packets constituting the encoded packet when system overload control becomes necessary.

[0097] In this variant, the common allocation consists of 12 bits, including a 3 bit field specifying the format of the next nine bits. The remaining bits determine the maximum allowable value of the T / P ratio for each class. The classification of mobile stations may be based on QoS requirements or other criteria. It is easy to imagine various other common assignment formats and should be readable for all art experts.

[0098] In this variant, the individual allocation contains 12 bits, including: 11 bits constituting the mobile station ID and specifying the maximum allowable value of the T / P ratio for the mobile station that has received the transmission assignment, or used to inform the mobile station explicitly about the need to change the maximum allowable value of the T / P ratio, including setting the maximum allowable ratio T / P equal to zero (which is equivalent to forcing the mobile station to stop transmitting through the R-ESCH). Bits can be the ID of a specific mobile station (value from 1 to 192) and specify the maximum allowable value of the T / P ratio for a specific mobile station (value from 1 to 10). In an alternative variant, a single allocation length bit can be set for a particular mobile station. When the allocation length bit is set to one mobile station, it obtains permission to transmit a relatively large, fixed, predetermined number (which can be updated during transmission) of packets on this ARQ channel. If the allocation length bit is set to zero, the mobile station obtains permission to transmit one packet. A mobile station may be informed of the need to stop transmission on its R-ESCH channel by setting a zero T / P value, which may be used to inform the mobile station of the need to stop transmission on the RESCH channel during transmission of a single sub-packet belonging to a single packet if the allotment bit is zero or for a longer period of transmission if the allotment bit is one.

[0099] In one embodiment, the mobile station only monitors the F-GCH channel (s) of the serving base station. If the mobile station receives a message on the F-GCH channel, then the mobile station follows the information on the transmission speed contained in the message received on the F-GCH channel and ignores the transmission speed control bits. An alternative solution for a mobile station is to use the principle that if any indication of transmission speed from a base station other than the serving base station means a reduction in transmission speed (this is a command

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V3570PL00 / LB

RATE_DECREASE described in detail below), then the mobile station will reduce its transmission speed even if the information received on the F-GCH channel means its increase.

[0100] In an alternative embodiment, the mobile station may monitor F-GCHs from all base stations or from a subset of base stations constituting the active set. Signaling in the upper layers indicates to the mobile station which of the F-GCH channels should monitor and how to connect these channels as part of channel connections, through a message indicating the direction of diversion or through other messages. Note that a subset of E-GCHs belonging to different base stations may be softly associated. The mobile station will be notified of this possibility. After a possible soft connection of F-GCH channels from different base stations, the simultaneous reception of F-GCH channels can occur at any time. Then the mobile station may decide on the baud rate as the lowest allocated baud rate value (or using a different rule).

R-PICH [0101] On the pilot channel operating in the "away" direction (R-PICH Reverse Pilot Channel) there is transmission from the mobile station to the base station belonging to the active set. The power in the R-PICH channel can be measured by one or more mobile stations to control the power in the connection working in the "away" direction. As is commonly known in the art, pilot signals can be used to perform amplitude and phase measurements, which is used during coherent demodulation. As described above, part of the transmit power available at the mobile station (either limited by the base station, creating schedules, or subject to the inevitable restrictions resulting from the design of the power amplifier at the mobile station) is allocated to the pilot channel, channel or channels serving the traffic and control channels. At high transmission speeds and when using certain modulation formats, it may be necessary to consume some additional power in the pilot channels. To simplify the use of R-PICH channels for power control and to avoid some problems related to momentary changes in the required power of pilot signals, an additional channel may be used, used as an additional or secondary pilot channel. Although, in general, pilot signals are transmitted using known data sequences as described, information transfer channels can be used to create reference information necessary for demodulation. In this variant, the R-RICH channel is used to carry the required additional pilot signal of a certain power.

R-RICH [0102] R-RICH Reverse Rate Indicator CHannel is a channel that carries transmission speed information working in the away direction (R-ESCH) to determine the transmission format on the channel supporting "away" traffic, R-ESCH . This channel can alternatively be treated as a reverse packet data control channel (R-PDCCH - Reverse Packet Data Control Channel).

[0103] R-RICH transmission can be used whenever a mobile station transmits data sub-packets. R-RICH transmission can be used to transmit zero speed information when a mobile station on R-ESCH has gone into state

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V3570PL00 / LB resting. The transmission of zero-speed frames on the R-RSCH channel (i.e. the R-RSCH channel shows that there is no transmission on the R-ESCH channel) facilitates the base station detecting the rest state at the mobile station, maintaining the power control process in connection from the "away" station mobile, and performing many other functions.

[0104] The beginning of the R-RICH frame coincides with the beginning of the current RESCH transmission. The duration of the frame on the R-RICH channel may be identical or shorter than the corresponding transmission on the R-ESCH channel. The R-RICH channel carries the transmission format of the competing R-ESCH transmission channel, regarding such elements as useful content, ID packet ID, bit (AI_SN - Sequence Number) of the ARQ sequence number, CRC checksum value for error detection. For example, AI_SN is a bit that changes to the opposite state each time a new packet with a specific ARQ number is transmitted, sometimes referred to as the "color bit". It can be introduced for asynchronous ARQ, in which there are no established time dependencies between sub-packet transmissions within the packet. The color bit may be used in the receiver to prevent joining sub-packets from one packet with sub-packets from an adjacent packet on the same ARQ channel. The R-RICH channel may also carry additional information.

R-ESCH [0105] The enhanced R-ESCH (Enhanced Reverse Supplemental Channel) is used as the channel creating the link supporting the "away" traffic in the variant described herein. Any number of baud rates and modulation formats can be entered for the R-ESCH. In this variant, R-ESCH has the following properties: Re-transmissions are performed at the physical layer. For retransmissions where the first code is the ¼ baud rate code, the re-transmission uses the ¼ baud rate code and data linking. For retransmissions where the first code is a data rate greater than partial redundancy is used. The subordinate code is the 1/5 speed code. Alternatively, partial redundancy can also be used in other cases.

[0106] Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) is implemented by both autonomous and scheduled users, in both cases they have access to the R-ESCH.

[0107] Multiple synchronous operation on the ARQ channel may be carried out with constant time dependencies between retransmissions: transmission of a fixed number of subpackets between consecutive subpackets from the same packet may be allowed. Interlaced transmissions are also allowed. For example, for frames with a duration of 5ms, for 4 ARQ channels a delayed transmission between sub-packets having a length of 3 sub-packets can be carried out.

[0108] Table 1 shows examples of transmission rates for an improved secondary channel operating in the away direction. Sub-packets with a duration of 5ms are described, and the interacting channels have been adapted to meet the selected condition. Sub-packages with different durations may also be selected, which should be clear to those skilled in the art. A reference pilot level has not been set for these channels, i.e. the base station has full

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V3570PL00 / LB the freedom to choose the T / P ratio value to achieve specific working conditions. This maximum value of the T / P ratio is signaled on the assigned channel working in the "to" direction. A mobile station may use lower values ​​of the T / P ratio if its power necessary to conduct the transmission is not sufficient, allowing to meet the QoS requirements in the HARQ channel. Messages transmitted in the third layer may also be transmitted over the R-ESCH, allowing the system to operate without using R-FCH and / or R-DCCH.

<img file="PL1784044T3_D0001.tif" />

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V3570PL00 / LB

<img file="PL1784044T3_D0002.tif" />

[0109] In this embodiment, the turbo mode has been used at all coding speeds. For R = 1/4 coding, interlacing similar to that used on the fly in the 'away' direction in the CDMA 2000 system was used. For R = 1/5 coding, interlacing similar to that used in the CDMA 2000 system was used in the packet data transmission channel in the "to" direction.

[0110] The number of bits per encoded packet includes the CRC checksum bits and 6 end bits: When encoding packets of 192 bits, the CRC checksum is used

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V3570PL00 / LB with a 12-bit length, in other cases a 16-bit checksum is used. It is assumed that 5ms wide time slots should be separated by 15ms wide gaps to allow time for ACK / NACK confirmation transmissions. After receiving the ACK confirmation, the remaining time slots belonging to the given packet are not used for transmission.

[0111] Both the sub-packet duration of 5ms and other related parameters described herein are given by way of example only. In light of the explanations contained herein, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that any number of interrelationships can be formed between transmission rates, modulation formats, repetition options for sub-packet transmissions, duration of sub-packets, etc. Alternative, variant using 10ms packets and three ARQ channels can also be used. In one embodiment, the duration of a single sub-packet or frame is chosen freely. For example, a structure using packages with a duration of 5ms or 10ms can be selected. Alternatively, the system can support frames with different durations.

F-CPCCH [0112] Forward Common Power Control Channel (F-CPCCH) can be used to control power in various connections working from the "off" direction, including R-ESCH when the F-FCH and F-DCCH channels are not used, or when the F-FCH and F-DCCH channels are not used but are not intended for this user. As part of channel interconnection, the power control channel is associated with the mobile station in "away" connections.

[0113] The F-CPCCH channel can carry a power control sub-channel referred to as a Common Congestion Control subchannel (F-OLCH). An example of a common subchannel controlling congestion usually works at 100 bits per second, however other speeds may also be used. A single bit (whose transmission can be repeated for greater reliability) called a busy bit informs mobile stations operating in autonomous transmission or transmission mode using a common assignment of the need to increase or decrease the transmission speed. In an alternative variant, stations operating in individual assignment mode may also be sensitive to this bit. It is possible to create many variants, using any combination of transmission types responsive to F-OLCH. This can be done in a probabilistic or deterministic manner.

[0114] In one embodiment, setting the busy bit value to "0" means that base stations responding to the busy bit should reduce the transmission speed. Setting a busy bit value of "1" means a corresponding increase in transmission speed. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that they can create a very large number of signaling schemes and various alternative variants described in detail below.

[0115] When creating channel associations, the mobile station is associated with special power control channels. The power control channel can regulate all stations in the system, or alternatively, changing subsets of mobile stations can be regulated by one

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V3570PL00 / LB or more power control channels. It should be noted that the use of a specific channel to control system overload is only an example.

F-ACHCH [0116] A forward transmitting acknowledgment channel, or F-ACHCH (Forward Acknowledgment Channel), is used by base stations to acknowledge correct reception on the R-ESCH, and can also be used to extend an existing allocation. The confirmation (ACK) sent on the F-ACKCH means that the sub-packet has been received correctly. An additional transmission of this sub-packet via a mobile station is not needed. Negative acknowledgment (NAK) received on the F-ACKCH allows the mobile station to send another sub-packet, limited by the maximum number of sub-packets allowed in the packet.

[0117] In the variants described in detail, the F-ACKCH is used to provide positive or negative acknowledgment of sub-packet receipt, as well as to determine whether transmission speed control commands will be sent (described below with reference to the F-RCCH).

[0118] FIG. 5 presents a variant explaining the principle of confirming trivalent F-ACKCH. In this example, on the F-ACKCH channel, a single indicator is sent from one or more base stations to the mobile station, indicating whether the transmission made on the R-ESCH by the mobile station was received correctly or not received by the corresponding base station. In this variant, the indicator transmitted on the F-ACKCH channel is sent by each of the base stations belonging to the active set. The set of base stations sending information on the F-ACKCH may be referred to as the F-ACKCH active set. The active set of F-ACKCH can conduct transmission to mobile stations using the third layer (L3) and can be determined when creating channel associations, in redirection information (HDM), or by other known techniques.

[0119] For example, the information transmitted on the F-ACKCH may have three states, with the values: NACK, ACK_RC and ACK_STOP. The NACK value means that the packet transmission from the mobile station must be repeated (however, if the last sub-packet has been sent, you may need to re-transmit the packet from the mobile station using any of the available techniques such as notification / allocation, transmission speed control or autonomous transmission). It may be necessary to monitor the rate controlling the mobile station on the appropriate F-RCCH (described in detail below) if the NAK confirmation refers to at least a sub-packet or packet.

[0120] The value ACK_RC means that no repeat transmissions of the packets from the mobile station are necessary and the mobile station should monitor the rate controlling indicator on the corresponding F-RCCH. The ACK_STOP value also indicates that no transmission is required. However, in this case, the mobile station should be in autonomous mode for the next transmission period, unless the mobile station receives the F-GCH grant receipt message (described in detail above).

[0121] Signaling in the L3 layer may indicate whether the mobile station is able to softly combine indicators received on the F-ACKCH from base stations belonging to the active set. This may be synonymous with support for power control bits in accordance with Revision C of the IS-2000 standard. For example, 26

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V3570PL00 / LB an indicator, say ACK_COMB_IND, may be used, sent as part of channel connections and redirection messages that will inform if the mobile station can combine indicators received on the F-ACKCH channel from different base stations. Many techniques can be used to transmit acknowledgments on the F-ACKCH, examples of which are shown below. Some examples contain separate TDM channels, TDM / TCM channels, or use other formats.

[0122] In this example, there are two classes of F-ACK channel monitoring results, depending on whether the packet sending was confirmed or not confirmed. If NAK confirmation is received, many options are available. The mobile station may send additional sub-packets until the maximum number of sent sub-packets has been reached. (In this variant, the sub-packets are sent using the same transmission format, either by initiating autonomous transmission or allocated transmission, taking into account whether or not there is a need to adjust the transmission speed. In the alternative, the transmission format of the sub-packets can be changed using any techniques mentioned here). As a consequence of receiving the NAK confirmation regarding the last sub-packet, the mobile station may either take an action depending on the respective baud rate adjustment commands (F-RCCH monitoring), may stop the transmission according to the previous assignment or baud rate adjustment command (i.e. it may return to stand-alone transmission, if required), or can respond to a newly acquired quota.

[0123] If ACK confirmation is received, this may correspond to a speed control command or may mean a discontinuation of the transmission. If the indication refers to the baud rate control, the baud rate control channel (F-RCCH) is monitored and the corresponding commands are executed. If the indication concerns the interruption of the transmission, the mobile station does not execute the commands related to the regulation of the transmission speed received on the F-RCCH channel and returns to work in autonomous mode (undertaking transmission at a speed up to the maximum value assigned to work in autonomous mode). If there is an unequivocal receipt of the allocation information at the same time as the ACK_STOP confirmation is received, then the mobile station will start executing the commands related to the received allocation.

[0124] For example, let us consider first a single component of the active set or a case in which the indicators coming from individual sectors are identical (and are determined by ACK_CMOB_IND). In this case, a single result indicator is created. When the mobile station receives the NAK (the indicator has not been sent), then the mobile station transmits the next sub-packet again (in due time). If the mobile station does not receive the ACK confirmation regarding the last subpackage, then the mobile station proceeds to the transmission of the next packet (an incorrectly received packet can be sent again, according to any retransmission algorithm). However, the mobile station will treat this situation as an indication of the regulation of the transmission speed (i.e. it will start monitoring the speed regulation channel).

[0125] The general rule used in this example is as follows (this applies to both single components of the active set and multiple active set components recognized on the F-ACKCH). If any of the indicators is ACK_STOP or ACK_RC, the result is ACK. If none of the indicators is ACK_STOP or ACK_RC, the result is NAK. However, in connection with

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V3570PL00 / LB by adjusting the transmission speed, if any of the indicators is ACK_STOP, the mobile station will stop the transmission (i.e. it will return to the autonomous mode, or it will react to the assignment if it occurs). If none of the indicators is ACK_STOP, and at least one of the indicators is ACK_RC, the indicator received on the power control channel (F-RCCH) of the corresponding base station will be decoded. If at least one sub-packet has been sent and all indicators are NAK, the indicators received on the power control channels (F-RCCH) of all base stations will be decoded. The response to the baud rate adjustment commands according to this scenario will be described in detail in the further part related to the F-RCCH description.

[0126] The ACK_RC command associated with the baud rate control channel may be considered as a class of commands referred to as the confirm and continue command. The mobile station may continue the transmission of further packets, following the issuing of various commands related to the transmission speed control (examples of which are described below). The confirmation and continuation command allows the base station to confirm the correct reception of the packet and at the same time means allowing the mobile station to transmit as part of the assignment obtained, which leads to the correct receipt of the packet (this is the subject for subsequent possible revisions related to the commands regulating the transmission speed). Doing so allows you to save on overheads related to the new allocation.

[0127] In the F-ACKCH embodiment described in FIG. 5, the ACK_STOP symbol is represented by a positive value, the NULL symbol is used in place of NAK and ACK_RC is represented by a negative value. On-off keying (i.e. not sending NAK confirmation) on the F-ACKCH channel allows base stations (in particular base stations that do not create schedules) to create an option in which ACK confirmation would not be sent when the cost (i.e. required power) associated with sending confirmation would be too big. This allows the base station to choose between "to" connection performance and "from" connection performance, as a correct packet reception that is not acknowledged by the ACK will cause retransmission at a later time.

[0128] A variety of transmission techniques on the F-ACKCH can be used within the present invention. Individual signals for each of the mobile stations can be combined in a common channel. For example, confirmatory responses from multiple mobile stations may be multiplexed in the time domain. In this variant, up to 96 mobile stations with respective IDs can be served on the F-ACKCH channel. The introduction of additional F-ACKCH channels allows you to support subsequent mobile stations with the appropriate IDs.

[0129] Another example is mapping multiple confirmation signals from multiple mobile stations into one set of orthogonal functions. The Hadamard coder is one example of a coder that allows mapping to a set of orthogonal functions. Many other techniques can also be used. For example, any Walsh code or other similar error correction code can be used to code information bits. In a situation where the individual attenuation of the route in each of the individual channels is different, transmission to different users can take place with different power levels. The sample F-ACKCH channel carries three-state flags dedicated to each user.

[0130] In different variants, each of the two channels is encoded using a 128-element Walsh sequence. One channel is transmitted on channel I, the other channel is transmitted on channel Q. W

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V3570PL00 / LB another F-ACKCH variant uses a single 128-element Walsh sequence serving 192 mobile stations simultaneously. In this variant, three-state flags with a duration of 10ms are used.

[0131] In summary, when a mobile station includes a packet to be sent, which requires the use of RESCH, it may send a request on the R-REQCH. In response, the base station can grant allocation using F-GCH. However, this can be too costly. To reduce the overhead on the link running in the "to" direction, the ACK_RC flag can be sent on the F-ACKCH channel, which will extend the existing allocation (due to transmission speed control) at low cost, by the scheduling base station (or by other stations, if soft diversion assignments to other base stations are supported). This method works well for individual and group assignments. ACK_RC confirmation sent from the granting base station (or other base stations) is used, extending the current allocation by one or more packets on the same ARQ channel (by controlling the baud rate).

[0132] It should be noted that as shown in FIG. 4, not every base station belonging to the active set is required to send confirmations on the F-ACKCH channel. The set of base stations sending the F-ACKCH as part of the soft forwarding can be a subset of the active set. Examples of techniques that allow the transmission of F-ACKCH confirmations are contained in the US Patent Application No. 10 / 611,333, entitled "Commands related to code multiplication used on the channel with code multiplication", filed on 30 June 2003, for the benefit of this applicant.

F-RCCH [0133] Transmission on the F-RCCH Forward Rate Control Channel in the transmission rate control channel is conducted by one or more base stations and is directed to the mobile station to determine the transmission speed during the next transmission. The base station can be associated with monitoring indicators from each of the components of the active set or its subset on the F-ACKCH. For clarification, the set of base stations sending information on the F-RCCH for monitoring by mobile stations will be referred to as the active set on the F-RCCH. The active set on the F-RCCH channel works in the third layer (L3), which can be determined when creating channel associations, in the message regarding the direction of diversion (HDM), or by any other route known to those skilled in the art.

[0134] In FIG. 6 is an example of an F-RCCH channel. F-RCCH is a three-state channel operating with the following values: RATE_HOLD, informs the mobile station about the possibility of transmitting the next packet at a speed not greater than that used during the transmission of the current packet; RATE_INCREASE, informs the mobile station about the possibility of increasing the maximum transmission speed of the next packet, compared to the speed used during the transmission of the current packet, on a probabilistic or deterministic basis; RATE_DECREASE, informs the mobile station about the possibility of reducing the maximum transmission speed of the next packet in relation to the speed used during the transmission of the current packet, on probabilistic or deterministic principles.

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V3570PL00 / LB [0135] Signaling in the L3 layer may indicate whether the mobile station is to make or not connect the rate control indicators originating from different base stations. This is similar to operations performed on the transmission speed control bits in the IS-2000 Revision C system. Thus, an indicator is used, for example RATE_COMB_IND, determined when creating channel associations, and messages regarding redirection, which informs whether a mobile station has a soft combination of bits transmitted through the F-RCCH channel from different base stations. Those skilled in the art will easily find that there are many transmission formats used on channels such as F-RCCH, including separate TDM channels, combined TDM / CDM channels and other formats.

[0136] In various embodiments, it is possible to use different transmission rate control configurations. For example, all mobile stations can be controlled via a single indicator used in each sector. Or it is also possible to control groups of mobile stations via their own indicators associated with them. This configuration allows mobile stations with which the same maximum QoS values ​​are associated to be associated with the same indicator. For example, all mobile stations whose only data stream is served on the basis of the "highest diligence" can be controlled by linking with one indicator, thus allowing to reduce the load during transmission of these streams on the "highest diligence" basis.

[0137] In addition, signaling can be used to configure the mobile station so that it only pays attention to the indicator sent on the F-RCCH from the serving base or from all base stations available on the F-RCCH on the active set. It should be noted that if the mobile station only monitors the indicator originating from the serving base station, and the RATE_COMB_IND indicator state indicates that the indicator is the same for many base stations, then the mobile station may combine all indicators into the same group as in the case of serving station before making a decision. The set of base stations with outstanding speed control indicators that can be used at any time will be referred to as the current F-RCCH set. Thus, if the mobile station is configured such that the mobile station only pays attention to the indicator sent from the serving base station on the F-RCCH, then the size of the current F-RCCH is set to 1.

[0138] It is easy to realize that the usage rules for the F-RCCH can be modified by the base station. The following is an example of a set of rules for a mobile station with a single component of the current F-RCCH. If the RATE_HOLD indicator is received, the mobile station does not change its state. If the RATE_INCREASE indicator is received, the mobile station increases its transmission speed by one degree (i.e. by one speed degree, examples are detailed in Table 1). If the RATE_DECREASE indicator is received, the mobile station decreases its transmission speed by one degree. It should be noted that the mobile station only monitors these indicators when they dictate these conditions (i.e., the action is taken as a result of the ACK process, detailed below, which indicates the activation of baud rate control).

[0139] The following is an example rule set for a mobile station with multiple component numbers of the current F-RCCH. A simple rule of increasing / decreasing speed by 1 degree has been modified. If any ACK_STOP indicator is received, the mobile station returns

EP 1 784 044 B1

V3570PL00 / LB for speeds used in stand-alone mode. Otherwise, if any of the indicators is RATE_DECREASE, the mobile station decreases its transmission speed by one degree. If any of the indicators is not RATE_DECREASE, none of the base stations perform speed control. Finally, if the pointer is RATE_HOLD and at least one base station has taken speed control and the pointer is RATE_INCREASE; then the mobile station increases the transmission speed by one degree.

Variants of combination assignment, ARQ and speed control commands [0140] To summarize some aspects presented so far, mobile stations may be authorized to perform autonomous transmissions which, possibly with low bandwidth, will allow low delays. In this case, mobile stations can start transmitting without reporting on the R-ESCH channel the need to increase the ratio of T / P to the value of T / PMax_auto, which can be determined and adjusted by the base station by signaling.

[0141] Schedules can be determined on one of the base stations creating schedules, all settings of connection performance working in the "away" direction can be made by allocations, transmitted on the F-GCH channel at a relatively high speed. In addition, speed control commands can be used to modify transmissions made within previously allocated assignments, or low-overhead autonomous transmissions, thereby affecting the performance settings of connections working in the "away" direction. Thus, schedules can be used to strictly control the load of the link operating in the away direction, thus ensuring adequate sound quality (R-FCH), DV feedback (R-CQICH) and DV confirmations (R-ACKCH).

[0142] Individual assignments allow detailed control of transmission from mobile stations. Mobile stations can be selected based on their location and QoS values ​​to maximize throughput while maintaining the required levels of service. Joint allocations allow for effective notification, especially in the case of mobile stations with an unfavorable location.

[0143] The F-ACKCH in conjunction with the F-RCCH allows the effective implementation of "confirm and continue" commands to extend existing allowances at a low cost. (Communication can be controlled on the basis of speed changes, as described above, as well as in details below). This works well for both individual and joint allocations. Various variants and techniques for scheduling, allocation, and transmission over shared resources, such as 1xEV-DV on a link running in the "away" direction, are provided in US Patent Application No. 10/646955, entitled "Scheduled transmission and autonomous transmission and acknowledgments", filed on August 21, 2003, for the benefit of this applicant and included in this document as a reference.

[0144] In FIG. 7, an example method 700 is provided that can be implemented at one or more base stations to set performance in response to requests and transmissions from one or more base stations. It should be noted that the order of the blocks shown is merely exemplary and the arrangement of the various blocks can be changed, the blocks can be combined with other blocks, not shown, without departing from the scope of the present invention. The process starts in block 710. The base station receives any

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V3570PL00 / LB request for transmission which can be made by one or more mobile stations. Method 700 can be iteratively repeated an unlimited number of times, previous applications that have not yet been allocated quotas may be received, which can be combined with new applications, to estimate the number of transmissions required, in accordance with the applications.

[0145] In block 720, one or more mobile stations may transmit sub-packets that will be received by the base station. These transmitted sub-packets may have been sent in accordance with previous allocations (potentially modified using previous baud rate control commands). The number of autonomous transmissions, the number of mobile stations reported, and / or other factors can be used to estimate the amount of information to be sent via autonomous transmission.

[0146] At block 730, the base station decodes all received sub-packets, optionally making a soft connection with previously received corresponding sub-packets, to determine if the packets were received without errors. These decisions will be used when sending positive or negative acknowledgments to the appropriate transmitting mobile stations. When transmitting packets over the R-ESCH, HARQ recall can be used. That is, the packet can be transmitted several times until it is correctly received by at least one base station. At each of the borders between the frames, each of the base stations decodes the R-RICH frame and determines the transmission format on the R-ESCH. The base station may also make these determinations using the current R-RICH frame or previous R-RICH frames. Alternatively, the base station may also make determinations using information extracted from a secondary pilot channel operating in the "away" (R-SPICH) and / or R-ESCH channel. Having the specified transmission format, the base station attempts to decode the packet received on the R-ESCH channel, appropriately using the previously received sub-packets.

[0147] At block 740, the base station creates schedules. Any scheduling technique can be used. The base station can decide on the implementation of notifications in accordance with the information contained in the requests, predicted autonomous transmissions, estimates of the current conditions prevailing in the channels, and / or many different parameters, in order to create schedules allowing the distribution of available resources (in this case it is about performance during from "away"). Scheduling can take different forms for different mobile stations. Examples include allocating assignments (depending on notifications, increasing previous assignments, reducing previous assignments), creating commands increasing, decreasing or maintaining the transmission speed at the previously allocated level, or autonomous transmission, or ignoring a notification (relegation of a mobile station to autonomous transmission).

[0148] In step 750, the base station processes the data received from each of the mobile stations. This may include, among other things, acknowledgment of sub-packet receipt and conditional allocation in response to requests for transmission. In FIG. 8 is an example of using the 750 method to create assignments, confirmations, and commands to control transmission speed. This solution is useful in the example method 700 presented on the TIG. 7 and can be adapted for use in other methods, which should be clear to those skilled in the art.

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V3570PL00 / LB

The use of method 750 may be repeated iteratively for each of the active mobile stations during each implementation of method 700, as described above.

[0149] In decision block 805, the transition to block 810 occurs if no currently processed sub-packet originating from the mobile station is received. There is no need to use confirmations, no command is sent to regulate the transmission speed. Neither F-ACKCH nor FRCCH needs to be transmitted and both symbols can be DTX (not sent). In decision block 815, the transition to block 820 occurs if a request has been received, otherwise the process may be stopped.

[0150] In block 820, proceeds to block 825 to send the allocation information via the appropriate F-GCH, if the grant allocation for the mobile station was scheduled during scheduling, otherwise the process may be terminated. The mobile station may resume transmission during the next frame according to the allocation (examples of time dependencies with reference to FIGS. 10-12 are shown below).

Returning to decision block 805, if a sub-packet originating from the mobile station has been received, then proceeds to block 830. (Note that both sub-packet and notification can be received, in this case for the given mobile station may both exit processes from decision block 805 should be implemented, detailed information has not been presented for clarity of discussion).

[0152] In decision block 830, an ACK is generated if the received sub-packet is correctly decoded. The process goes to block 835. If baud rate control is required (including keeping the speed at the previous level, i.e. 'continue'), it goes to block 845. If no baud rate control is required, it goes to block 840. In block 840 ACK_STOP confirmation is sent on F-ACKCH. F-RCCH does not require transmission, i.e. DTX can be generated. If no allocation is generated at a given time, the mobile station is relegated to autonomous transmission (or it must stop the transmission if autonomous transmission is not available or has not been entered). Alternatively, a new allocation may be created, which will invalidate the stop command. The process moves to decision block 820 to perform the processing associated with this decision, as described above.

[0153] At block 845, the need to control baud rate has been detected. As a result, ACK_RC is sent on the FACKCH channel. The process proceeds to block 850, if an increase in transmission speed is required, the RATE_INCREASE command is sent on block 855 on F-RCCH. Later, the process is stopped. If no increase in baud rate is required, the system moves to decision block 860. If a reduction in transmission speed is required, the RATE_DECREASE command is sent on block 865 on the F-RCCH. Later, the process is stopped. Otherwise, RATE_HOLD is sent on block 870 on the F-RCCH. Later, the process is stopped.

[0154] Returning to block 830, if the received sub-packet is not decoded correctly, NAK is generated. The next step is to block 875, where NAK confirmation is sent on the F-ACJCH channel. In this example, NAK confirmation is shown by DTX. The process proceeds to block 880 to determine if the received sub-packet was the last sub-packet (i.e. it was reached

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V3570PL00 / LB maximum number of repetitions of sub-packet transmissions). If not, in this example, the mobile station may retry the transmission according to the previous transmission format. DTX may be transmitted on the F-RCCH channel as shown in block 895. (In this case alternative signaling may occur in alternative variants, examples of which are described below). Later, the process is stopped.

[0155] If the sub-packet received and provided with the NAK is the last sub-packet, the transition from block 880 to decision block 885 occurs to determine if transmission speed control is required (including keeping the transmission speed unchanged). This is an example of a technique that allows the extension of previous allocation or autonomous transmission (including previous transmission speed control, if any), while maintaining low overhead. If no baud rate control is required, a DTX command is issued in block 890 on the F-RCCH. In this example, the mobile station will transmit the next sub packet. Similarly to decision block 835, if no new allocation has been created for the mobile station, the mobile station will be relegated to autonomous transmission (if available). Alternatively, a new allocation may be created that will impose an available transmission mode for the mobile station. The process proceeds to block 820 to make a selection as described above.

[0156] In decision block 885, if control of the transmission speed is required, the transition to decision block 850 takes place. As described above, a command to increase, decrease or maintain the transmission speed may be prepared for transmission on the F-RCCH. Later, the process is stopped.

[0157] In summary, if the packet is correctly received, the base station may send a positive acknowledgment and conditionally may send a rate control command to the mobile station.

[0158] The base station may send ACK_STOP (on the F-ACKCH) to signal that the packet has been delivered and the mobile station returns to autonomous mode to resume the next transmission. The base station can also send another assignment if required. The station during the next mobile transmission can transmit at a speed reaching the rate specified in the allocation for the next transmission. In either case, a DTX command is sent on the F-RCCH. In one variant, only the serving (or allocating) base station can generate assignments. In an alternative variant, one or more base stations can generate allocations (detailed information on the implementation of this option is provided below).

[0159] The base station may send acknowledgment ACK_RC (on F-ACKCH) and RATE_HOLD (on F-RCCH) to signal that the packet has been delivered and that in the next transmission the mobile station may send another packet at the same transmission speed, which she used when sending the current packet.

[0160] The base station may send ACK_RC (on F-ACKCH) and RATE_INCREASE (on F-RCCH) to signal that the packet has been delivered and that in the next transmission the mobile station may increase the maximum transmission speed for the next packet in comparison at the baud rate it used when sending the current packet. The mobile station may increase the transmission speed by following certain principles known to both the base station and the mobile station. Increasing the transmission speed may be probabilistic or

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V3570PL00 / LB deterministic. People skilled in the art will notice that there are a very large number of rules to increase the transmission speed.

[0161] The base station may send acknowledgment ACK_RC (on F-ACKCH) and RATE_DECREASE (on F-RCCH) to indicate that the packet has been delivered and that in the next transmission the mobile station may reduce the maximum transmission speed for the next packet in comparison at the baud rate it used when sending the current packet. A mobile station may reduce the transmission speed by following certain principles known to both the base station and the mobile station. The reduction in transmission speed can be either probabilistic or deterministic. People skilled in the art will notice that there are a very large number of rules that can reduce the transmission speed.

[0162] If the packet is not correctly received by the base station, and the packet can be resent (i.e., it was not the last packet), the base station sends NAK on the F-ACKCH. Note that in this example, a DTX command was sent on the F-RCCH.

[0163] If retransmission (i.e., last packet) is not allowed for a given packet, the following actions can be taken at the base station. The base station can send NAK confirmation (on the F-ACKCH channel) and at the same time a message about the allocation on the F-GCH channel to signal to the mobile station that the packet has not been delivered and that the mobile station can take up the transmission speed up to the speed specified in the allocation for next transmission. In this case, the DTX command is sent on the F-RCCH. In one variant, only the serving (allocating) base station knives generate assignments. In an alternative variant, one or more base stations can generate allocations (detailed information on the implementation of this option is provided below).

[0164] The base station may also send NAK (on F-ACKCH) and RATE_HOLD (on F-RCCH) to indicate that the packet has not been delivered and that in the next transmission the mobile station may send another packet at the same speed the transmission she used when sending the current packet.

[0165] The base station may send a NACK acknowledgment (on the F-ACKCH channel) and a RATE_INCREASE command (on the F-RCCH channel) to signal that the packet has not been delivered and that in the next transmission the mobile station may increase the maximum transmission speed for the next packet in the compared to the transmission speed it used when sending the current packet. The mobile station may increase the transmission speed by following certain principles known to both the base station and the mobile station. Increasing the transmission speed can be either probabilistic or deterministic.

[0166] The base station may send NACK acknowledgment (on the F-ACKCH channel) and RATE_DECREASE command (on the F-RCCH channel) to signal that the packet has not been delivered and that in the next transmission the mobile station may reduce the maximum transmission speed for the next packet in compared to the transmission speed it used when sending the current packet. A mobile station may reduce the transmission speed by following certain principles known to both the base station and

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V3570PL00 / LB mobile station. The reduction in transmission speed can be either probabilistic or deterministic.

[0167] In an alternative embodiment (details shown in FIG. 8), alternative NAK confirmations and transmission abort commands may be created. For example, in the above scenario, the DTX command sent on the F-RCCH corresponding to the NAK confirmation cannot be distinguished from the "NAK-and-hold" confirmation. It is required to have a command forcing the interruption of the transmission (or changing it to an autonomous transmission), the base station can also use the NAK command and control the baud rate before sending the last sub-packet to indicate that maintaining the baud rate (or increasing or decreasing) as part of last sub-packet has the same meaning as discontinuing transmission. For example, any of the baud rate control commands (i.e., RATE_INCREASE, RATE_DECREASE, or RATE_HOLD) can have the same meaning as a special class to stop the transmission. The mobile station knows when the last sub-packet was sent, so it can analyze the rate control commands accordingly. If the base station knows that if an interrupt command should be sent after sending the last sub-packet, in the case of NAK confirmation, the selected baud rate control command may be sent together with the NAK confirmation for the previous packet. A mobile station receiving a specific rate control command simultaneously with the NAK confirmation for a sub-packet (not final) will know that the NAK confirmation (and, for example, RATE_HOLD) regarding the last packet may mean any previous allocation should be canceled and the mobile station must return to autonomous transmission. Speed ​​control commands that have not been used for their intended purpose (i.e. RATE_INCREASE or RATE_DECREASE) sent with NAK confirmation regarding the final packet may still be available. An alternative might be sending the assignment at zero (or reduced) transmission speed along with the final NAK confirmation, however this will require additional effort. Those skilled in the art will easily consider these alternatives, in accordance with the probability of "NAK-and-Stop" with other possibilities. The required markup can be optimized in this way, based on the probabilities of various events.

[0168] FIG. 9 depicts an example method 900 used in a mobile station to monitor and respond to assignments, acknowledgments, and rate control commands. This method is useful for use in one or more mobile stations working in conjunction with one or more base stations using the 700 method as described above, as well as for other base station variants.

[0169] The process starts at block 910. The mobile station monitors F-GCH, F-ACKCH and F-RCCH. It should be noted that in various embodiments, as described above, the mobile station may monitor one or more of these channels. For example, there may be multiple channels with allocated allocations, and each of the mobile stations may monitor one or more of these channels. It should also be noted that each of these channels can be received by one or more mobile stations operating in soft forwarding mode. A channel may contain messages or commands directed to multiple mobile stations, so mobile stations may extract messages or commands specifically intended for them.

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V3570PL00 / LB [0170] Other rules may be used to allow a mobile station to conditionally monitor one or more control channels. For example, as described above, the F-RCCH may not carry any transmission when ACK_STOP is sent. Thus, in this case, mobile stations do not need to monitor the F-RCCH after receiving the ACK_STOP acknowledgment. You can create a rule that the mobile station looks for assignment and / or rate control commands only if the mobile station has sent a request that these messages can reply to.

[0171] In the following description, FIG. 9, it is assumed that the mobile station has previously sent a sub-packet after which confirmation is expected (including potential assignments or commands controlling the baud rate). If no allocation has been granted after the previous application, the mobile station may continue to monitor the channels for the allocation allocated in response to the previously sent application. Those skilled in the art can easily adapt the 900 method to explain such situations. These and other potential processing blocks used in mobile stations have been omitted here for clarity of discussion.

[0172] Processing of information from the F-ACKCH is started in decision block 915. The mobile station extracts information from all monitored F-ACKCHs. The F-ACKCH can be in connections between the mobile station and each of the components of the FACHCH active set. Some of the F-ACKCH commands may be subject to a soft connection, as specified, by L3 layer signaling. If the mobile station receives at least one positive acknowledgment, either ACK_RC or ACK_STOP (on F_ACKCH), it means that the current packet has been received correctly and additional sub-packets need not be transmitted. The allowable baud rate of the next packet, if any, needs to be determined.

[0173] In decision block 915, if an ACK_STOP acknowledgment has been received, the mobile station knows that the previously sent sub-packet has been received correctly and that the baud rate control commands must be decoded.

[0174] In decision block 920, the mobile station determines whether an allocation grant information has been received on the F-GCH, if so, the mobile station sends the next packet according to the allocation, as specified in block 930. In one variant, only one the allocating base station creates assignments. If the ACK_STOP confirmation and information about the allocation of the allocation from the base station are received from the base station, the mobile station sends a new packet on the same ARQ channel, with any transmission speed equal to or lower than the transmission speed specified in the allocation.

[0175] In an alternative variant, more than one base station may send assignments. If the base stations coordinate the allocation and send identical messages, the mobile station may softly combine this allocation information. Many rules may be introduced to handle situations in which different assignments are received. One example is when the mobile station broadcasts at the lowest speed shown in the received assignment, to avoid excessive interference in the cell corresponding to that base station that granted the assignment (including ACK_STOP confirmation without the corresponding assignment - which means that the transmission should return to autonomous mode). Experts in art will be able to see other alternatives. If the allocation is not received in block 920, the mobile station must 37

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V3570PL00 / LB return to autonomous transmission at the appropriate speed as shown in block 925. Later the process stops.

[0176] Returning to decision block 915, if ACK_STOP acknowledgment has not been received, then proceeds to block 940. If ACK_RC acknowledgment has been received, the mobile station monitors the corresponding F-RCCH of the base station from which positive acknowledgment (acknowledgments) was received, if any. Note that there may not be a connection on the F-RCCH between the mobile station and the base station, because the F-RCCH active set is a subset of the FACKCH active set. It should again be noted that when a mobile station receives information from multiple base stations on the F-ACKCH, the respective messages may conflict with each other. For example, ACK_STOP commands may be received (one or more), ACK_RC commands (one or more) may be received, (one or more) assignments may be received, or any combination of these commands may be received. Experts in art will notice that many rules need to be introduced to deal with this situation. For example, a mobile station may determine the smallest possible transmission speed (which may come from either ACK_STOP confirmation without an appropriate assignment, ACK_RC confirmation with a command to reduce the transmission speed, or an assignment with a lower transmission speed value) and resume transmission at such a speed. This is similar to the technique called the "OR-of-Downs" rule. Such a technique can be used to strictly prevent excessive interference in neighboring cells. Or, one or more base stations may be given priority, so that one or more base stations may have the ability to dominate other stations (which may be associated with certain conditions). For example, a base station creating schedules (or allocating assignments) may have some priority over other stations in performing soft forwarding. Other rules may also be envisaged. (Note that one or more NAKs may also be received, but mobile stations do not need to re-transmit packets. However, mobile stations may contain baud rate control commands or assignments received in a similar manner from base stations that have sent NAKs, if required). To clarify the above considerations, when it is said that the mobile station determines whether ACK_STOP, ACK_RC, NAK confirmations or assignments have been received, this may activate the required set of rules in relation to a number of received commands, as a result of which the commands will be identified.

[0177] If ACK_RC acknowledgment has been received, proceed to block 945 to determine what type of rate control command should be performed. If the necessity of increasing the transmission speed is stated, then proceeds to block 950. The next transmission can be performed on the same ARQ channel at an increased speed in relation to the current transmission speed. Later, the process is stopped. Again, the increase in speed may be probabilistic or deterministic. Again, receiving the RATE_INCREASE command does not necessarily result in an immediate increase in transmission speed, but may result in an increase in the transmission speed from the mobile station in the future (i.e., the mobile station uses an algorithm resembling the credit process), or receiving the RATE_INCREASE command may cause an increase in the range of transmission speed changes . In the sample credit algorithm, the mobile station uses the internal "account / credit" parameter. If the RATE_INCREASE command is ever received, but the transmission speed increase is not

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V3570PL00 / LB will be possible (because either the transmitter power is missing or the data to be sent is missing), the mobile station increases the value of this parameter. When the appropriate transmitter power becomes available on the mobile station or the data to be sent appears, the stored "credit / account balance" can be used when selecting the data transmission speed. Those skilled in the art will recognize that there are many ways to increase the transmission speed.

[0178] If the decision block 945 does not find it necessary to increase the transmission speed, then proceeds to decision block 955 to determine whether it is necessary to reduce the transmission speed. If the need to reduce the baud rate is determined, it goes to block 960. The next baud can be sent on the same ARQ channel at the required baud rate, lower than the current baud rate. Later, the process is stopped. Again, the reduction in transmission speed can be probabilistic or deterministic. Also, receiving the RATE_DECREASE command does not necessarily have to cause an immediate reduction in transmission speed but may cause a reduction in the transmission speed in the future (i.e., the mobile station uses an algorithm reminiscent of the credit process), or receiving the RATE_DECREASE command may narrow the range of transmission speed changes. If an example credit algorithm is used in the context of the RATE_DECREASE command, then the RATE_DECREASE command is delivered to the mobile station, but for some reasons it is not implemented (for example, urgent data needs to be sent immediately), the station receives a negative credit and this negative credit requires repayment in the future . Those skilled in the art will recognize that there are many ways to reduce the transmission speed.

[0179] If neither the need to increase the baud rate nor the need to reduce the baud rate was found, the RATE_HOLD command was received. The mobile station may send another packet at a maximum speed equal to the transmission speed of the current packet, as shown in block 965. Later, the process stops.

[0180] Proceeding to block 940, if none of the ACK acknowledgment types have been identified, it is assumed that NAK acknowledgment has been received. In decision block 970, if packet transmission is still possible (i.e., the current sub-packet is not the last sub-packet), the mobile station will re-transmit the sub-packet on the same ARQ channel with the increased ID number as shown in the block 980.

[0181] In decision block 970, if the current packet was not the last sub-packet, the mobile station has disposed of packets to be resended. You then move to decision block 975 to determine if the allocation has been received (in a similar way this was described above in relation to block 920). If the allocation message is directed to the mobile station (either from one base station or more than one, as explained above), the mobile station may send a new packet on the same ARQ channel at a speed equal to or lower than the transmission speed resulting from the allocation . The process proceeds to block 930 described above.

[0182] In decision block 975, if an allocation has not been received, the mobile station may monitor the active set on the F-RCCH, receive transmission speed control commands, and determine the maximum allowable speed for transmitting the next packet on the same ARQ channel. Selecting the baud rate if more than one speed control command has been received

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V3570PL00 / LB transmission can be done as explained above. You go to decision block 945 and continue as described above.

[0183] In an exemplary variant of the mobile station, many other techniques may be used. The mobile station can monitor the number of deleted packets (i.e. no positive acknowledgment after receiving the last sub-packet). The measurement can be made by counting successively removed packets within one window (i.e. a moving window). If the mobile station is judged that too many packets had to be removed, the station may reduce the baud rate even if the baud rate control commands (i.e., RATE_HOLD or RATE_INCREASE) recommend different behavior.

[0184] In one embodiment, the assignment message may have a higher priority than the bit rate control bits. Alternatively, the assignment message may be treated with the same priority as the bit rate control bit. In this case, the method of determining speed can be modified. For example, if no assignment message is entered into the mobile station, the next transmission speed is determined based on the speed control commands (RATE_INCREASE, RATE_HOLD, RATE_DECREASE and ACK_STOP) using the "OR-of-DOWN" rule or a similar rule. If the allocation is also received, the next transmission speed may be determined based on the transmission speed control commands (RATE_INCREASE, RATE_HOLD, RATE_DECREASE and ACK_STOP) using the "OR-ofDOWN" rule or similar rule, and the result will be compared with the transmission speed resulting from the allocation and the smaller value will be selected.

[0185] Signaling can be used to configure the mobile station in such a way that the mobile station monitors the F-RCCH channel indicators originating either from the serving base station or from all base stations from the F-RCCH of the active set. For example, if RATE_COMB_IND can specify that the baud rate control commands from different base stations are identical, then the mobile station can connect all indicators in a specific group before making a decision. The number of distinctive indicators in use can be defined as the current set available on the F-RCCH. In one example, the mobile station may be configured to monitor indicators on the F-RCCH from a serving base station, in which case the size of the current set available on the F-RCCH is 1.

[0186] Furthermore, as described above, various rules may be used to control the speed in response to the rate control commands transmitted on the F-RCCH. Any of these rules can be regulated by signaling from the base station. In one example, to determine whether a mobile station is to increase or decrease its transmission speed and how big this change is to be, sets of probabilities and degree sizes can be used. These probabilities and acceptable sizes of speed stages can be updated by signaling if necessary.

[0187] The method 900 can be adapted to include many of the alternatives described above for a base station using the method 750 described above. For example, in one variant, NAK confirmations and transmission interrupt commands are not strictly defined because DTX on channel F- RCCH with simultaneous NAK confirmation means maintaining the transmission speed unchanged. In an alternative variant, the functionality resulting from the combination of NAK confirmation and transmission interrupt command may be 40

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V3570PL00 / LB introduced in response to any of the alternative techniques described above for method 750. Also, as stated above in relation to method 750, in the example variant, controlling the transmission speed or changing the transmission speed associated with the allocation is implemented at the boundaries between packets. It should be presumed that the described methods can be modified to introduce equally effective, intra-sub packet speed changes.

[0188] Those skilled in the art will explain that any of the procedures and distinguishing features described herein can be combined in a variety of ways. For example, a mobile station can only be controlled by the original base station via allocations but will not be controlled by other base stations via the transmission speed control bits. Alternatively, the mobile station can be controlled via allocations by all base stations or by a subset of base stations forming their active set. Some F-RCCH channels may be soft connected. The trim in which the mobile station operates can be determined by signaling in the third layer L3 when establishing links between channels or by other messages when creating a packet data connection.

[0189] In another example, if the packet was correctly received, the original base station may send either ACK_STOP or ACK_RC acknowledgment. Speed ​​control commands may not be used, so in this mode ACK_RC confirmation can be used in the sense of "ACK and continue". In this context, "ACK and continue" indicates that the mobile station may send a new packet at the same baud rate as the packet to which the acknowledgment was received. As before, if the ACK_STOP confirmation has been sent, the base station may also send an assignment on the F-GCH assigned to the mobile station, invalidating that acknowledgment. In this example, the NAK confirmation will mean "NAK and keep" as long as the appropriate allocation is sent together with the NAK confirmation. In this scenario, non-primary base stations also send ACK_STOP or ACK_RC acknowledgments, where ACK_RC acknowledgment is not accompanied by any speed control command and this means "ACK and continue."

[0190] In another example, a special mode is represented, comprising a subset of the distinguishing features described, the mobile station can only be controlled via bit rate control bits (from base stations belonging to the active set available on the F-RCCH). This mode can be established by signaling in the third layer L3 when creating channel associations or by other messages when creating a packet data connection. In this mode, the base station sends NAK if the packet was not received correctly. If the packet has been received correctly, the base station sends either ACK_STOP or ACK_RC confirmation along with the commands on the F-RCCH channel (RATE_HOLD, RATE_INCREASE or RATE_DECREASE). Sending NAK confirmation after the last sub-packet may be accompanied by sending commands on the F-RCCH channel (RATE_HOLD, RATE_INCREASE or RATE_DECREASE).

[0191] in FIG. 10 to 12 are examples illustrating the time relationships in the various channels described herein. These examples do not represent any specifically selected frame lengths, but illustrate the time relationships associated with allocation, ACK, and baud rate control (RC) indicators. The ACK indicator, RC indicator and assignment appear at the same time intervals so that the mobile station receives information related to ACK, RC and assignment almost at the same time, to

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V3570PL00 / LB applications when transmitting the next packet. In these examples, the mobile station does not need to monitor RC indicators except when an acknowledgment is received or when all sub-packets have already been sent (as described above in the example variants). The mobile station monitors the ACK bit associated with it and with the RC indicator corresponding to the specific ARQ sequence. For example, if there are four ARQ sequences and the mobile station transmits in all ARQ sequences, then the mobile station monitors the ACK indicator every frame and also the RC indicator (if used) every frame. Empty frames are introduced between different transmissions, providing time for the base station or mobile station, if used, for receiving and decoding requests, for subpackage transmissions, assignments, acknowledgments, and rate control commands.

[0192] It should be noted that the graphs depicting time dependencies do not exhaust the subject, but merely illustrate the various aspects described above. Experts in art will notice many combinations and sequences.

[0193] FIG. 10 shows time relationships for example variants in combination with channels transmitting acknowledgments and commands controlling the baud rate. On F-REQCH, mobile stations send transmission requests. Consequently, in response to the request, the base station transmits the appropriate allocation on the F-GCH. Then the mobile station transmits the first sub-packet using parameters in accordance with the allocation. The sub-packet is not correctly decoded at the base station, which is indicated by not counting the sub-packet transmission. The base station sends ACK? NAK confirmation on the F-ACKCH along with the command controlling the baud rate on the F-RCCH. In this example, an NAK confirmation is sent and a DTX command is sent on the FRCCH. The mobile station receives the NAK acknowledgment and repeats the transmission of the second sub-packet. This time, the base station correctly decodes the second sub-packet and re-sends the ACK / NAK confirmation on the F-ACKCH along with the speed control command on the F-RCCH. In this example, no additional quota is sent. ACK_RC confirmation is sent and a command is created to control the baud rate (it may indicate an increase, decrease or preservation of the previous baud rate according to the required schedule). Then the mobile station transmits the first sub-packet from the next packet, using the parameters related to the allocation, modified if necessary by the command controlling the baud rate on the F-RCCH.

[0194] FIG. 11 shows the time dependencies for an example variant with connected confirmation channels and baud rate control commands, along with a new assignment. The notification, allocation, sub-packet (not decoded correctly) and NAK confirmation are transmitted in the same way as the first eight frames described above with reference to Figure FIG. 10. In this example, the transmission of the second subpacket is also correctly received and decoded. However, this time, instead of sending ACK_RC confirmation, the base station sends ACK_STOP confirmation. If the ACK_STOP confirmation is not accompanied by any allocation, the mobile station returns to autonomous transmission. Instead, a new assignment is sent. The mobile station does not need to monitor the FRCCH for this frame. Then the mobile station transmits the first sub-packet from the next packet according to the new allocation.

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V3570PL00 / LB [0195] FIG. 12 shows the time dependencies for an example variant with connected confirmation channels and transmission speed control commands, without assignment. This example is identical to the one shown in FIG. 10, except that the assignment will not be sent back in response to the original notification sent by the mobile station. Thus, the transmission of the first sub-packet from the first packet is carried out in autonomous mode. Again, this subpacket is decoded incorrectly by the base station. The second subpacket is again decoded correctly and ACK_RC is sent along with the baud rate control command. Then the mobile station sends the next packet with potentially adjusted transmission speed. This example illustrates the possibility of changing a mobile station's baud rate in an arbitrary manner, using only the baud rate change commands without any assignment.

[0196] It should be noted that in an alternative embodiment, the base station may use baud rate control relative to autonomous transmissions with or without prior reporting of a transmission request. In order to reduce the system overload, it is possible to introduce restrictions and an increase in transmission speed can be granted when there are additional options, even if the base station may not know the requirements for the transmitted data because no request was sent.

[0197] FIG. 13 depicts an example system variant 100 comprising a dedicated rate control signal and a common rate control signal. A dedicated baud rate control channel (F-DRCCH) allows transmission from base station 104 to mobile station 106. The F-DRCCH operates in parallel with the confirmation channel working in the "to" direction (F-ACKCH) to provide confirmation, continuation of assignments, and implementation of baud rate control, essentially in the same way as in the F-ACKCH and F-RCCH channels described above . The base station can send information via a dedicated rate control channel to each of many mobile stations. In this variant, the base station also sends information on the common baud rate control channel (F-CRCCH). The common baud rate control channel can be used to simultaneously control the baud rate in a group of mobile stations.

[0198] FIG. 14 shows a system variant 100 comprising an extended acknowledgment channel operating in the "up" direction (F-EACKCH). The F-EACKCH channel can take the place of both the confirmation channel (i.e. the F-ACKCH described above) and the transmission speed control channel (i.e. the F-RCCH). The functions of both these channels can be combined in one channel in a manner consistent with various aspects of the invention. The F-EACKCH is the connection between one or more base stations 104 and one or more mobile stations 106. Transmission on an F-CRCCH can be carried out in parallel with the F-EACKCH as described above and explained in detail below. The concepts for creating common transmission rate control channels and acknowledgment channels are clear, however, these two channels do not necessarily have to be connected (hence the dashed line denoting the F-CRCCH channel shown in FIG. 14).

[0199] For example, the F-ACKCH may contain commands according to a two-bit data system (having four states). The "ACK-and-continue" information may be combined with the command to increase data transfer speed as the first state. The "ACK-and-continue" information can be combined with a command to reduce the data rate as a second state. The third state can be "ACK-i43

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V3570PL00 / LB continue "and the fourth state may be NAK confirmation. The four states can be represented in the constellation format I and Q, according to commonly known techniques.

[0200] FIG. 15 shows an example of a constellation useful for entering on an F-EACKCH channel. As known in the art, such a constellation can be formed using the quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) technique. In an alternative variant, any two signals may be introduced for the two-dimensional command mapping as shown.

[0201] In this example, seven points have been assigned to different commands. A zero transmission point (0.0) has been associated with NAK_HOLD. This can be the command most often sent, and therefore, the transmission power and performance can be preserved with this association. Various other commands have been associated with points on the circle, as shown, and include: ACK_INCREASE, ACK_HOLD, ACK_DECREASE, NAK_DECREASE, NAK_INCREASE and ACK_STOP. Each of these commands can be sent as a single QAM symbol. Each of these commands corresponds to a pair of commands sent by the same set of F-ACKCH and F-RCCH channels. The ACK_INCREASE command means that the previous sub-packet has been correctly decoded and the next sub-packet can be sent at an increased transmission speed. The ACK_HOLD command means that the previous sub-packet has been correctly decoded and the next sub-packet can be sent at the current baud rate. The ACK_DECREASE command means that the previous sub-packet has been correctly decoded and the next sub-packet can be sent, albeit at a reduced transmission speed. The ACK_STOP command means that the previous sub-packet has been correctly decoded, but any previous assignments and / or baud control commands have been canceled. The mobile station is relegated only to autonomous transmission (if it can be implemented).

[0202] The NAK_INCREASE command means that the subpacket has not been correctly decoded. Future transmissions can be sent at an increased speed (possibly due to easing of the system load). In one variant, the baud rate control commands are sent after the last sub packet transmission has been completed. In an alternative variant, transmission of speed control commands may be allowed simultaneously with NAK confirmations. Similarly, the NAK_DECREASE command indicates that the previous subpacket has not been correctly decoded and future transmissions must be sent at a reduced rate. The NAK_HOLD command indicates that the previous sub-packet has not been correctly decoded and future transmissions may be sent at the current rate.

[0203] The NAK_STOP command is not shown in FIG. 15, however, those skilled in the art will realize that such entanglement (or other instructions) cannot be introduced. Many alternative ways of decoding the NAK_STOP command (described above) may well be introduced on the F-EACKCH channel.

[0204] Persons skilled in the art will recognize the possibility of creating a great many constellations introducing any of the command sets (or combinations thereof) as has been described so far. Constellations can be created to provide different levels of security (i.e., probability of proper reception) for many commands, command sets, or command types.

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V3570PL00 / LB [0205] FIG. 16 shows an alternative constellation useful for input on F-EACKCH. This example explains the removal of baud rate control commands from NAK commands. Various ACK confirmations include ACK_HOLD, ACK_INCREASE, ACK_DECREASE and ACK_STOP. The zero command (0,0) is associated with NAK, for the reasons explained above. In addition, it can be seen that the distance between NAK and any of the ACK commands is the same and can be set to any value that ensures the required level of error probability in the NAK command.

[0206] Various constellations with the required properties can be entered into a group containing command sets. For example, NAK commands may correspond to points placed relatively close to each other. ACK commands can correspond to points located relatively close to each other, and both these groups can be separated by a relatively large distance. In this way, although the probability of confusing one type of command belonging to a given group with another type of command from the same group may increase, the likelihood of confusing commands belonging to different groups is reduced. Thus, the probability of ACK being recognized as NAK is reduced and vice versa. If there is a mistake in the increase, decrease or leave commands unchanged, then subsequent commands controlling the baud rate can be used to compensate for the error. (It should be noted that if an indication of increase occurs, when a indication of reduction or behavior has been sent, interference may occur on other channels of the system).

[0207] FIG. 17 is an example of a three-dimensional constellation useful for entering on FEACKCH. A three-dimensional constellation can be created by using any three signals to show values ​​in three axes. Or, a single signal may be multiplied in the time domain so that it can carry information in more than one dimension in the first time interval, then to be able to carry subsequent information in one or more additional dimensions in one or more second time intervals. People skilled in the art will notice that this way you can extend to any number of dimensions. In one example, QAM and BPSK signals can be transmitted simultaneously. The QAM signal can carry information about the x and y axes, while the BPSK signal can carry information about the z axes. Constellation formation techniques are well known in the art.

[0208] The example shown in FIG. 17 still illustrates the concept of grouping ACK commands at some distance from the NAK commands. Note that the relative distance between the ACK_STOP, ACK_DECREASE, ACK_HOLD and ACK_INCREASE commands is smaller than the ACK command and the NAK command (in this example containing NAK_HOLD, NAK_INCREASE and NAK_DECREASE). Thus, the mobile station has a lower tendency to misinterpret confirming commands than the commands controlling the baud rate. Persons skilled in the art will apply the techniques described herein to create constellations containing any set of commands, with protections distributed evenly for all commands, or with protections distributed in any required manner.

[0209] FIG. 18 depicts a method variant 750 for processing received transmissions at the base station, including acknowledgment and rate control, useful for entering as step 750, described above. Let us remind you that before stage 750, the base station received previous requests, if any, created the required assignments, received both transmissions resulting from the allocations and autonomous transmissions, and prepared schedules taking into account these and other factors.

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V3570PL00 / LB [0210] This variant of step 750 starts at block 1810. The base station creates all required assignments, if required, according to a previously prepared schedule. In block 1820 ACK and NACK commands are generated confirming previous transmissions. Confirmation commands may be combined with each other or may be accompanied by commands extending previous assignments (including commands to control the autonomous transmission speed). Any of the techniques described herein may be used for signaling in block 1820, including separate rate control signals and acknowledgment signals, as well as combined signals rate confirmation and control signals.

[0211] At block 1830, an ACK_STOP command may be sent to indicate that the mobile station should return from the previous allocation to autonomous mode. In this example, the ACK_STOP command is also used to steer the mobile station away from monitoring the dedicated baud rate control channel (i.e., the F-DRCCH channel) and instead monitor the common baud rate control channel (i.e., the F-CRCCH channel). In an alternative variant, other commands may be selected to introduce a shift from monitoring the dedicated baud rate control channel to monitoring the common baud rate control channel. A specific command can be defined for this purpose. Such a specific command may well be introduced in connected channels, with one or more points in the constellation, or it may be sent via signaling. In block 1840, one or more base stations provide confirmation for subsequent autonomous transmissions. In block 1850, joint transmission speed control is used to modify the transmission speed of one or more mobile stations monitoring the common transmission speed control channel. Later, the process is stopped.

[0212] FIG. 19 shows a variant of the 1900 method of response to joint or dedicated baud rate control. Method 1900 may be implemented at a mobile station corresponding to a base station introducing a combination of combined and dedicated baud rate controls as described above with reference to FIG. 7 and FIG. 18. The process begins in decision block 1910. In this example, dedicated baud rate control runs in parallel with the quota input. A mobile station not operating within the assignment will monitor the common channel controlling the transmission speed. In alternative variants, mobile stations operating within assignments may also be directed to follow the common transmission speed control signal, or mobile stations not operating within assignments may be associated with dedicated transmission speed control channels. These alternative options are not shown in FIG. 19, however, persons skilled in art, in the light of the explanations presented here, can easily introduce such variants and modifications using one of many signaling techniques. In decision block 1910, if a mobile station works within the previously allocated allocation, it goes to block 1940.

[0213] At block 1940, the mobile station monitors the channel transmitting the allowances (i.e. the F-GCH) and the channels confirming and controlling the transmission speed (which may be the F-ACKCH and F-DRCCH, or the combined F-EACKCH, such as described above). In block 1945, if the ACK_STOP command is received, it goes to block 1950. In this variant, the ACK_STOP command is used to determine the return to autonomous transmission, as shown in block 1950. As will be further explained in detail, the ACK_STOP command also means the transition from monitoring the dedicated baud rate control channel to common monitoring 46

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V3570PL00 / LB of the baud rate control channel and the required command is not identical to the command causing the return to autonomous transmission. After exiting block 1950, the process stops. In the exemplary variant, the 1900 method can be repeated iteratively, as long as necessary.

[0214] In decision block 1945, if no ACK_STOP command is received, then proceeds to block 1955. In block 1955, the mobile station may perform transmission in accordance with ACK / NAK commands, baud rate control commands, and / or commands transmitted on the transmission channel. assignments that have been received. Then the iteration process can be stopped.

[0215] Returning to decision block 1910, if the mobile station is not currently in the previous allocation mode, it goes to decision block 1915. In decision block 1915, if the assignment channel receives the assignment, it goes to block 1920 and transmission is started in accordance with the quota obtained, after which the process is stopped. It should be noted that in this example, as described above, the allocation is used to indicate that the mobile station monitors a dedicated rate control channel. Thus, in the next iteration of the 1900 method, this mobile station will move from decision block 1910 to block 1940, as described above. In alternative variants, alternative techniques may be introduced to signal the transition to monitoring the dedicated rate control channel.

[0216] In decision block 1915, if no allocation has been received, the mobile station monitors the common transmission rate control channel as shown in decision block 1925. If a common transmission control command is sent, it moves to block 1930. The mobile station regulates the speed transmission according to the common baud rate control command and may continue the autonomous transmission with the changed baud rate. Later, the process is stopped.

[0217] If no joint rate control command is received in decision block 1925, then proceeds to block 1935. The mobile station may continue autonomous transmission at the current rate. Later, the process is stopped.

[0218] FIG. 20 illustrates an alternative variant of method 750, processing received transmissions, including acknowledgment and control of the transmission speed, useful for entering step 750 described above. This option explains how to use the extended confirmation channel (FEACKCH) to combine confirmations with the baud rate control commands. Let us remind you that before stage 750, the base station received previous requests, if any, created all required allocations, received both transmissions resulting from the allocations and autonomous transmissions, prepared schedules taking into account these and other factors.

[0219] This variant of step 750 starts in block 2005. The base station creates all required allocations, if applicable, according to the previously prepared schedule presented in block 2010. In decision block 2015, ACK or NAK commands are determined in response to previously received transmissions. The ACK and NAK commands will be combined with the baud rate control commands to create the combined F-EACKCH, described in detail below.

[0220] If an ACK command is to be sent, it goes to decision block 2020. If baud rate control is required for the target mobile station (as specified in any of 47

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V3570PL00 / LB schedules, prepared in earlier stages), including maintaining the current transmission speed (i.e. ACK-and-continue), the transition to decision block 2030 takes place. In decision block 2030, if an increase in transmission speed is required, the transition to block 2035 and sending the ACK_INCREASE command on the F-EACKCH. Then the process is stopped. If no increase in baud rate is required, this is determined if the requirement to reduce baud rate is found in decision block 2040. If this happens, proceed to block 2045 to transmit the ACK_DECREASE command on the F-EACKCH. Then the process is stopped. If neither the need to increase nor decrease the baud rate is detected, the command to keep the baud rate unchanged is issued. You then proceed to block 2050 to transmit the ACK_HOLD command on F-EACKCH. Then the process is stopped. It should be noted that each of the three ACK commands in conjunction with the baud rate control command can equally well be used to extend the previous allocation.

[0221] In decision block 2020, if no rate control is required, an ACK_STOP command is sent on the F-EACKCH as shown in block 2025. Then the process stops. Used in conjunction with an example variant, such as the one presented on FYG, 18-19, in which common and dedicated baud rate control are introduced, the ACK_STOP command is one of the sample commands that can indicate a mobile station the transition from dedicated baud rate control to monitoring common speed control. In this example, the ACK_STOP command completes each previous allocation and then the mobile station is relegated to autonomous transmission.

[0222] Returning to decision block 2015, if the ACK command is not needed to be transmitted, then the NAK command is executed. As described above, there are various alternative options for combining baud rate control and the NAK command, depending on whether or not the NAK is a response to the transmission of the last packet. In alternative variants, these alternatives may also be introduced into the method shown in FIG. twenty. In this example, if in the decision block 2055 the NAK command is not a response to the transmission of the last sub-packet, then proceed to block 2060. to send the command NAK_HOLD on the F-EACKCH channel. This command, as described above, shows that the sub-packet has not been correctly decoded and that the next sub-packet can be sent at the same current baud rate. Then the process is stopped.

[0223] In decision block 2055, if the NAK command is a response to the transmission of the last subpackage, then proceeds to decision block 2065. If no baud rate control is required, then proceeds to block 2060 to send the NAK_HOLD command on the F-EACKCH as described above. It should be noted that, in an alternative variant, additional commands may also be entered. For example, the NAK_STOP command may be entered to send an NAK confirmation in response to transmissions of the last sub-packet when the last assignment is canceled. In the light of these explanations, those skilled in the art will notice that it is possible to create many such combinations.

[0224] In decision block 2065, if transmission speed control is required, then proceed to block 2070. If an increase in transmission speed is required, proceed to block 2075 to send the NAK_INCREASE command on the F-EACKCH. Otherwise it occurs

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V3570PL00 / LB go to block 2085 to send the NAK_DECREASE command on the F-EACKCH. Then the process is stopped. Note that in this example, the default NAK value is NAK_HOLD, as shown in block 2060, reachable from decision block 2065. In the alternative variant, i.e. containing the NAK_STOP command entered, an additional decision path must be entered, analogously to blocks 2040-2050 described above, aimed at sending the NAK_HOLD command.

[0225] FIG. 21 shows the 2010 method for receiving information from an F-EACKCH channel and sending a response. In one embodiment, at the mobile station corresponding to the base station transmitting according to the various methods described above, including the one shown in FIG. 7, 18 and 20, method 2100 may be introduced. The method starts at block 2110, in which the mobile station monitors the allocation channel (i.e., the F-GHC channel) to determine if the allocation has been received.

[0226] At block 2120, the mobile station also monitors the F-EACKCH in response to a previously sent sub-packet. The mobile station then sends or re-sends the packet as indicated by the ACK or NAK received on the F-EACKCH. The baud rate is also modified according to one of the STOP, HOLD, INCREASE or DECREASE commands received on the F-EACKCH channel, as well as as a result of received assignments. Then the process is interrupted.

[0227] Various alternative variants are described below, including common and dedicated rate control.

[0228] A mobile station operating in soft forwarding mode may monitor channels of common rate control from all cells belonging to the active set, from a subset thereof, or only from the serving cell. In one example variant, each of the mobile stations can increase their transmission speed only if on all F-CRCCH channels belonging to the set of monitored cells there is permission to increase the data transmission speed. This allows for streamlined interference management. As shown in this example, the speed of data transmission from each of the mobile stations operating in soft redirected mode may be different, which results from the differences in the size of their active sets. The F-CRCCH channel can be entered to take into account the processing gain, more so than the F-DRCCH channel. So for some transmission power it can be more reliable.

[0229] Please note that the baud rate control configuration may provide for joint baud rate control (i.e. one indicator per sector), dedicated baud rate control (dedicated to one mobile station) or group baud rate control (applies to one or many mobile stations in one or more groups). Depending on the selected baud rate control mode (which can be indicated to the mobile station by means of signaling in the third layer L3), the mobile station may apply various control rules based on the bit rate control bits, i.e. in particular RATE_INCREASE and RATE_DECREASE. For example, baud rate control may be probabilistic if it is a joint control, or deterministic if it is a dedicated control. In the light of the explanations presented here, many other permutations may appear.

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V3570EN00 / LB [0230] Also in many of the examples outlined above, it has been assumed that control of the baud rate can be done through the HARQ channel. This means that the mobile station pays attention to the baud rate control commands when it receives a positive acknowledgment or negative confirmation after sending the last sub-packet and determines how to adjust the speed for the next transmission on the same ARQ channel. The mobile station may not pay attention to the commands controlling the transmission speed during the transmission.

[0231] In the case of joint rate control or group rate control, alternatives to said rules can be envisaged. In particular, the base station may send commands to control the transmission speed during the transmission. Accordingly, the mobile station may accumulate transmission speed control commands received during the transmission and use them when transmitting subsequent packets. This example assumes that the baud rate is still controlled through the HARQ channel. However, the F-ACKCH and F-RCCH function as two independent channels. Such techniques can also be generalized when controlling the transmission speed through all ARQ channels (or their subsets).

[0232] It should be noted that in all the variants described so far, the steps of the methods used can be changed without departing from the scope of the invention. The descriptions herein are intended to refer in many cases to signals, parameters, and procedures associated with the 1xEV-DV system, but the scope of the present invention is not limited as such. Experts in art will be able to relate the principles presented here to other systems. These and other modifications will be clear to those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0233] Those skilled in the art will understand that information and signals can be represented using one of many different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and integrated circuits that may be related to bandwidth in the above description, may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields and particles, optical fields and particles, or their mutual combinations.

[0234] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various illustrative logic blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithms described in connection with the variants presented herein may be implemented in electronic, computer hardware, or in combinations thereof. To clearly illustrate this inseparability of hardware and software, various elements, blocks, modules, circuits, stages have been described in general in terms of their functioning. Anything that would mean this functionality, implemented in hardware and software, depends on the specific implementation and design assumptions contained in the entire system. Gifted developers may implement the described functionality in various ways, changing them depending on each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the essence of the present invention.

[0235] The various illustrative logic blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with the variants described herein may be implemented or implemented using general purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), specialized integrated circuits (ASIC), programmable logic gate arrays (FPGAs) , and other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistors that create logic circuits, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof, to reproduce the functions described here. Commonly used processor can 50

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V3570PL00 / LB be a microprocessor, or alternatively the processor can be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller or any multi-state machine. The processor can also be implemented as a combination of counting devices, for example, a combination of DSP and microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in combination with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

[0236] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in connection with the variants described herein can be embedded directly in the hardware, in software modules executed by the processor, or in a combination thereof. The program module may contain RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of memory medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor, enabling the processor to read information from the medium and write information to the medium. Alternatively, the storage medium may be integrated into the processor. The processor and storage medium may reside in the ASIC. The ASIC may reside in the user terminal. Alternatively, the processor and storage medium may reside in discrete components that are part of the user terminal.

[0237] The above description of the introduced variants is created to enable those skilled in the art to make use of the present invention. For those with a talent in this direction, the various modifications outlined herein will be obvious and the general principles outlined herein may be used to create other variants without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not limited to the variants shown, but allows extension in accordance with the claims set out herein.