Insulation panel provided with air tight and rain screen coating and a waterproof coating

[0001] The invention relates generally to the field of construction products and materials, and in particular to insulation products for the external walls of buildings.

[0002] In building constructions, the main barrier between the internal environment and the unstable external environment is made of several layers of different materials.

[0003] While combinations of materials have been developed that can provide thermal insulation and a moisture barrier, these properties, however, are weakened when holes or discontinuities occur in the barrier material. These holes or discontinuities cause excessive heat loss (or heat transfer into air-conditioned structures) by air infiltration. The air that penetrates the barrier contains moisture, which is retained and causes mold and damage or negatively affects durability.

[0004] One of the main tools to overcome these problems is the use of insulating coatings from the external environment and other air shields as well as steam retarders.

[0005] While these insulating coatings have made it possible to reduce the amount of moisture penetrating into the buildings, the wind insulation associated with these barriers has, however, reduced the drying capacity of the barrier materials.

[0006] Furthermore, the behavior of barrier materials still depends on the quality and assembly of these materials. Possible spaces or discontinuities between adjacent sections of insulating covering from the external environment cause infiltration.

[0007] Gypsum coverings have recently been used outdoors for exterior insulation or exterior finish systems, with insulating layers (sometimes called 'Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS)' or 'Exterior insulation and exterior finish systems'). These systems are developed taking into account polystyrene insulation glued to a gypsum board with glass cover, on which, for example, a thin layer of stucco is applied. Due to the exposure to weather conditions, gypsum lagging panels are often enriched or impregnated with non-water absorbing additives.

[0008] In US Patent No. 5644880, the reference title attached herein, the EIFS system is described, in which the main elements are waterproof gypsum board with a fiber mat cover and a finishing material covering the surface. The finishing material can be in multi-layer or single-layer form. It can be placed in contact with said gypsum board or it can cover directly or be directly attached to the element or elements placed between said gypsum board and said finishing material. Patent application DE 3546968 describes a mineral fiber board that can be covered on the first main surface with an outer coating permeable to water vapor and infiltration of air from the outside and on its second main surface with an internal coating.

[0009] Improved construction products are desirable. The method of the present invention includes an insulation board made of mineral fibers being glass fibers or mineral wool fibers, slag wool fibers, ceramic fibers, resistant to the penetration of liquid water and having a first and second main surface, application by layering of an external covering material, resistant to air infiltration and penetration of liquid water on the first surface of the main insulation board, wherein the outer covering material is permeable to water vapor, and gluing the inner covering on the second surface of the main insulation board by means of an adhesive, in such a way that the second main surface having the inner covering and the adhesive is resistant to the penetration of liquid water in order to form a section the cover product of the external unit building.

[0010] The product according to the invention comprises an insulation board made of mineral fibers, being glass fibers or mineral wool fibers, slag wool fibers, ceramic fibers, resistant to the penetration of liquid water and having first and second main surfaces; the outer covering material is impermeable to water and resistant to air infiltration and liquid water penetration, applied by layering on the first main surface internal panels applied by the surface of the main insulation board by means of a binder in such a way that the second main surface having the inner covering and binder is resistant to the penetration of liquid water, to form a section of external construction insulation covering unit.

Figure 1 is a side elevational view of an example of a mineral fiber insulation board resistant to the penetration of liquid water in accordance with one embodiment.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the outer wall of Figure 1 mounted on a skeletal element of the building structure.

and covering on a second insulating, lateral lateral layering with two type panels

Figure 3 is a side elevational view showing a variant of the example of the mineral fiber insulation board of figure 1.

Figure 4 is a plan view in front of the plate of figure 1 or figure 3 mounted on the skeleton components of the structure.

Figure 5 is a plan view in front of the plate of figure 1 mounted on the skeleton components of the structure.

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional side view of the variant of the wall of figure 2.

Figure 7 is a table of material properties for the outer covering shown in figure 2.

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional side view of another variant of the wall of figure 2.

[0011] This description of the embodiments should be read together with the accompanying drawings, which should be regarded as forming an integral part of the entire written description. In the description, relevant terms such as "lower", "upper", "horizontal", "vertical", "above", "below", "up", "down", "above", "below", and derivatives thereof (for example, 'horizontally', 'downwards', 'upwards', etc.) should be understood as referring to the direction described or represented in the drawings in question at the time. These appropriate terms are used to facilitate the description and do not require that the device be constructed or used in a particular location. The terms fastening, joining and others, such as "fixed" or "connected", refer to a joint in which the structures are attached or attached to each other either directly or indirectly through intermediate structures, and movable or rigid fastenings or connections, except explicit opposite information.

[0012] Other characteristics of the invention, in particular structural or performance, will be found in or deduced from US Patent Application No. 10/322 433, filed December 19, 2002, and US Patent Application No. 10/322 433, filed December 19, 2002 These entries are hereby fully incorporated by reference.

[0013] With reference to figure 1, an insulation product 100 is shown which is a mineral fiber insulation board 110 resistant to the penetration of liquid water, having a first and a second main surface. The product 100 is also here referred to as building envelope 100 or outer panel system 100.

[0014] The cover plate 130 which can be a cover against air or rain is applied by layering on the first surface of the insulation board. The cover material 130 is vapor permeable. Watertight covering 120 is applied by layering to the second surface of the insulation board to form a cover article of the external unit building 100.

[0015] Preferred embodiments of the external board system ("Exterior Board System" or "EBS") 100 perform the following functions, in accordance with the general characteristics of the building envelope:

(1) Resistance to water / rain penetration - The EBS system makes it possible to protect the building against adverse weather conditions, so that works on the internal elements of the building can start quickly, thus reducing the duration and costs of construction.

(2) Resistance to loads caused by moisture The EBS system should be able to withstand the loads caused by moisture without damaging or damaging other building components. The EBS system should allow moisture to escape to the outside.

(3) Providing thermal insulation - The EBS will provide immediate thermal insulation of the building and parts of all target insulation to meet energy regulatory requirements.

(4) Acting as a barrier to air infiltration The EBS system will minimize air leakage through this system and will be part of a barrier system for air infiltration.

[0016] Insulation product 100 is preferably used as insulation material in the exterior walls of buildings, such as industrial buildings with steel columns. Insulation product 100 can, however, also be used for other construction applications.

[0017] The insulation board 100 is preferably a non-cement board, such as an insulation board made of mineral fibers preferably being mineral fibers such as glass fibers, mineral wool fibers, slag wool fibers, organic fibers, ceramic fibers (e.g. alumina), silica fibers or basalt glued with a resin to form a rigid or semi-rigid plate. By way of example, insulation boards made of suitable mineral fibers are sold by Certain Teed Corp. from Valley Forge, Pennsylvania.

[0018] The mineral fiber insulation board 110 may have a volumetric weight of from about 2 pounds per cubic foot of PCF to about 8 PCF (1 PCF = 16.02 kg / m³). Preferably, the volumetric weight of the insulation board 110 is from about 2.5 PCF to about 4.0 PCF and, most preferably, the volume weight can be about 3 PCF. An example of a board material is a glass fiber material in which the binder content is from about 6% to about 17%, preferably from about 14% to about 15%. The sealant may be admixed to the binder or injected into the binder prior to spraying the binder onto the glass fiber. Examples of sealants may be DC347, DC346 and DC1581 available at Dow Corning in Midland, Michigan. The sealant may form a fraction with an overall content in the panel of from about 0.1% to about 2%. Some embodiments contain about 0.2% of a sealant. The sealant may also be used to process the coating 120 applied by laminating to the board.

[0019] The non-water absorbing agent is preferably introduced into the binder shortly before spraying. Silicone can be added to the rinse bath used as dilution water shortly before spraying the fibers.

[0020] The silicone water non-absorbing agent may also be applied to the mineral fibers separately from the binder in the emulsion or aqueous solution used to cool the hot mineral fibers in the department of applying the fibers and shaping the mineral fiber insulation boards before applying the binder.

[0021] Preferred insulation materials, in terms of water resistance, can be selected by means of two test methods in accordance with ASTM 473-00 concerning Testing Methods for Conducting Physical Tests of Gypsum Board Products. These two testing methods are:

1) Water resistance of products made of watertight gypsum boards machined in Core, and

2) Surface Water Resistance of Gypsum Board Products with Watertight Surfaces.

[0022] In the Cobba Surface Water Test ASTM C473, preferred materials absorb about 40 grams or less of water in 10 minutes, preferably about 1.26 grams or less. In the Cobba Waterproof Test in the ASTM Core

C473, preferred materials absorb about 1050 grams or less of water per square foot (1 square foot =

0.093 m²) in 120 minutes, preferably about 60 grams or less. The above values ​​from the core waterproofing test correspond to water absorption by less than 400% by weight of the insulation material, preferably by 74% or less. The surface water resistance test is carried out on the surface 120 of the insulation board.

[0023] In other embodiments, the insulation board 110 has a fibrous mineral matrix (e.g., fiberglass) in which a phosphate-containing compound ("PCC", e.g., inorganic phosphorus salt) and refractory mineral charge ("RMF", on for ammonium, phosphate (e.g. aluminum oxide or aluminum sulfate) to improve fire resistance. Preferably, the PCC is an inorganic phosphorus salt. Suitable salts include monoammonium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, monocalyphosphate phosphate, aluminum phosphate, dicalcium phosphate, monosodium, trisodium pyrophosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, tripotassium pyrophosphate and potassium tripolyphosphate. Mixtures of several PCCs (for example mixtures of mono- and diammonium phosphates) can also be used. PCC hydrates (e.g. monoammonium phosphate dihydrate) may be used, in which case hydration water will not be included to determine the content (e.g. weight%) of PCC in the insulation product. Although not necessary, it is preferred that RMF is relatively neutral from a biological point of view, so that human contact with a fire resistant insulation product is not particularly hazardous or irritating. Suitable RMFs contain alumina, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium and aluminum sulfate. Fiberglass insulation products containing mono- and / or diammonium phosphate as PCC and alumina or aluminum sulfate as RMF have proved to be desirable. RMF hydrated forms (e.g., aluminum sulfate hydrate) may be used, in which case water from hydration will not be included to determine the content (e.g. weight%) of RFM in the insulation product. A more detailed description of fire resistant insulation material is found in US Patent Application No. 10/831 843, filed April 26, 2004, which is hereby incorporated in its entirety by reference.

[0024] Table 1 shows the results of water permeation (grams of water that has penetrated the test surface) for several insulation board materials that can be used in the insulation board 110 based on the Cobb test according to ASTM 473C. Studies have shown the possibility of a minimum ingress of 0.01 grams in ten minutes to a maximum ingress of 250 grams in ten minutes.

[0025] In Tables 1 and 2, "OC" means Owens Corning of Toledo, Ohio, "Eco" means Ecophon of Naestved, Denmark and "CT" means Certain Teed Corporation of Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, "Han" means Hankuk Hanison Co. Ltd from Chungchoengnam-do, Korea. MAG means MAG Co. Ltd from Ibaraki-Ken, in Japan. Pactiv means 2 inch thick (1 inch = 2.54 cm) Pactiv SLX insulated polystyrene insulation slab with film stratified on both sides, manufactured by Pactiv Building Products from Atlanta, Georgia. Dens Glass means a gypsum cover with a glass mat cover made of Den-Glass Gold Type X 5/8 inch thick, manufactured by GP Gypsum Corporation of Atlanta, in

Georgia. OSB stands for a 7/16 inch thick oriented core thread board manufactured by the Georgia Pacific Company of Atlanta, Georgia.

DOW PU (Aluminum Foam Foam) means 1-inch-thick Tuff-R isocyanurate foam, manufactured by the Dow Chemical Company of Midland, Michigan. Gypsum Board means gypsum board with ½ inch thick paper coating, manufactured by Georgia Pacific

A company from Atlanta, Georgia.

Table 1 (Surface water resistance)

<td>Surface water resistance</td><td>in 10 min.</td><td></td><td></td><td>in 2 hours</td><td>Coverage</td>

<td>2 inch OC foam</td><td> 0,01</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>Pactiv foam 2 all</td><td> 0,01</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>1 inch OC foam</td><td> 0,01</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>Dow PU foam (Polyisocyanurate)</td><td> 0,02</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>Polymer foil thin black with both sides</td>

<td>Eco. Gedina</td><td> 0,28</td><td></td><td></td><td> 0,39</td><td>Yellow page subjected test - covering made of transparent non-woven material, most likely fiberglass; white side painted surface forming a layer possible</td>

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>separation over the core</td>

<td>Eco. Master A.</td><td> 0,34</td><td></td><td></td><td> 0,24</td><td>Yellow page subjected identical to Gedina</td>

<td>Eco. Hyg Advance</td><td> 0,39</td><td></td><td></td><td> 0,35</td><td>Foil cover polymer white on both sides and edges retracted, cover side non-woven from glass tested</td>

<td>Eco. Super G.</td><td> 0,41</td><td></td><td></td><td> 0,38</td><td>Yellow side over light material transparent non-woven, most likely glass fiber; white side - foil formed of woven polymer bands (each about 0.5 mm wide)</td>

<td>Han # 1 2 inches</td><td> 0,44</td><td></td><td></td><td> -</td><td></td>

<td>Eco. Hyg Perform</td><td> 0,55</td><td></td><td></td><td> 0,37</td><td>Yellow page subjected study - identical to that in Gedina</td>

<td>MAG GWOS25 1 inch</td><td> 1,3</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>Yellow page without coverage tested, Tyvek coverage white on the other side</td>

<td>MAG 50L 2 inches</td><td> 1,4</td><td></td><td></td><td> -</td><td></td>

<td>OSB</td><td> 1, 6</td><td></td><td></td><td> 5, 98</td><td></td>

<td>Han # 2 2 inches</td><td> 2,2</td><td></td><td></td><td> -</td><td></td>

<td>Dens-Glass</td><td> 7,3</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>Yellow page of non-woven glass fibers subjected to the test, second page material page white with non-woven glass fibers, or any covering described in US Patent Nos 5718785, 5644880 or 4647496</td>

<td>Gypsym Board</td><td> 19,6</td><td></td><td></td><td> 110,08</td><td></td>

<td>CT 2 inches UltraDuct Gold</td><td>About 250</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>White side layer of non-woven Johns Manville glass fibers R8940 reverse side - FSK cover</td>

<td>1.5 inch CT UltraDuct Gold</td><td>About 250</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>Identical to CT 2 inches</td>

<td>CT 1cal UltraDuct Gold</td><td>About 250</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>Identical to CT 2 inches</td>

<td>Eco. Hyg Advance</td><td> 0,02</td><td></td><td></td><td> 0,03</td><td>With foil cover white of both sites</td>

<td>Eco. Hyg Advance</td><td> -</td><td></td><td></td><td> 0,18</td><td>CD only with</td>

<td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>fiberglass, all covers not white from foil or glass non-woven undone</td>

<td>CT ToughGard Rigid Liner Board 1 inch thick</td><td> 0,8</td><td></td><td></td><td>About 200</td><td>Black page from non-woven cover</td>

<td>CT ToughGard Rigid Liner Board 1 inch thick</td><td>About 200</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>Steep yellow lilac coverage</td>

[0026] Table 2 shows the water resistance of the core for a 12 inch by 12 inch sample in 2 hours at a water height of 1 inch. In columns 1 and 2, we give grams of water absorbed per square foot, and in columns 3 and 4 percent weight increase. All covers and coatings were left intact, except for what was stated for Eco Hygiene Advance.

Table 2

<td>g water / foot ²</td><td colspan="4">Water increase τ T Q. in%</td>

<td> 2</td><td>Pactiv foam</td><td> 3</td><td>Foam inch</td><td>OC 1</td>

<td> 2</td><td>OC foam 1 inch</td><td> 4</td><td>Foam all</td><td>OC 2</td>

<td> 4</td><td>OC foam 2 all</td><td> 5</td><td>Foam</td><td>Pactiv</td>

<td> 5</td><td>Dow PU foam</td><td> 6</td><td>Foam</td><td>Dow PU</td>

<td> 28</td><td>Eco. Hyg Advance</td><td> 7</td><td colspan="2">Dens-Glass</td>

<td> 44</td><td>Eco. Gedina</td><td> 8</td><td>OSB</td><td></td>

<td> 51</td><td>Eco. Hyg Perform</td><td> 28</td><td>Eco. Hyg Advance</td>

<td> 55</td><td>OSB</td><td> 31</td><td>Eco. Super G.</td>

<td> 60</td><td>MAG GWOS25 1 inch</td><td> 33</td><td>Eco. Gedina</td>

<td> 82</td><td>Dens-Glass</td><td> 34</td><td>Eco. Hyg Perform</td>

<td> 98</td><td>Eco. Super G.</td><td> 47</td><td>Gypsum Board</td>

<td> 188</td><td>MAG 50L 2 inches without coverage</td><td> 74</td><td>MAG GWOS25 1 inch with coverage</td>

<td> 188</td><td>Eco.Master</td><td> 77</td><td>Eco.Master</td>

<td> 359</td><td>Gypsum Board</td><td> 128</td><td>MAG 50L 2 inches without coverage</td>

<td> 429</td><td>Han # 2 UltraDuct Gold</td><td> 245</td><td>1.5 inch CT UltraDuct Gold</td>

<td> 574</td><td>1.5 inch CT UltraDuct Gold</td><td> 257</td><td>Han # 2 2 inches without coverage</td>

<td> 738</td><td>CT 1 inch UltraDuct Gold</td><td> 301</td><td>CT 2 inches UltraDuct Gold</td>

<td> 1053</td><td>CT 2 inches UltraDuct Gold</td><td> 400</td><td>CT 1 inch UltraDuct Gold</td>

<td> 1799</td><td>Han # 1 2 inches without coverage</td><td> 584</td><td>Han # 1 2 inches without coverage</td>

[0027] Based on the results shown in Table 1 and Table 2, the following products, manufactured by Ecophon from Naestved, Denmark, appear to have the best surface water resistance and the best water resistance in the core:

Ecophon Super G - TBPE - commercial symbol 35591585 Ecophon Master A / Alpha - commercial symbol 35441043 Ecophon Hygiene Performance A - commercial symbol 35427307

Ecophon Gedina E T15 - commercial symbol 35419062

Ecophon Hygiene Advance - Trade Symbol 35137042 [0028] The outer covering material 130 is preferably a polymer film (the film can be perforated to allow water vapor to pass), coextruded polymer film, polymer film laminate, non-woven mat, non-woven or coated material, laminate polymer film / non-woven material, woven polymer film, woven polymer applied by layering on solid polymer film, laminate polymer film / woven glass, paper or foil coated with bitumen, foil or a thin reflective plate. Any of the materials of the previous films can be perforated to allow steam to flow. In a variant, a liquid coating applied by spraying can be used. In order to select or subject screen material to an air / rain screen 130, the AATCC127-1998 test may be used. Water resistance: Hydrostatic Pressure Test with a minimum value of 100 cm to identify materials having the advantage of being waterproof. [0029] The outer cover 130 forms an air cover resistant to the penetration of liquid water, but permeable to water vapor (in other words, it does not form a cover against steam) so that moisture can escape from the building envelope 100.

[0030] Examples of suitable exterior coatings are, but are not limited to: FirstWrap Weather Barrier, RoofTex 30B, PlyDry or KraftTEX Building Paper manufactured by Firstline Corporation of Valdosta, Georgia; Fortifiber Jumbo Tex, Jumbo Tex, Jumbo Tex HD 30 Minutes, Super Jumbo Tex 60 Minutes, Two-Ply Jumbo Tex, Two-Ply Jumbo Tex HD 30 minutes or Two-Ply Super Jumbo Tex 60 minutes produced by Fortfiber Corporation from

Incline Village, Nevada; Tyvek produced by Dupont from Wilmington, Delaware; Rufco-Wrap manufactured by Raven Industries of Sioux Falls, South Dakota; Typar building insulation coating manufactured by Reemay Inc. from Old Hickory, Tennessee; non-woven polyester coated with Stamisol FA acrylic manufactured by Stamoid AG in Germany; or Protecto Wrap Energy Housewrap or ProtectorWrap Dri-Shield Housewrap, manufactured by ProtectoWrap from Denver, Colorado.

[0031] The binder used for layering the air / rain cover 130 on the glass fiber plate 110 may be, for example, a hot melt adhesive, trade symbol 80-8273, manufactured by Henkel America and a water binder, trade symbol 50-0965MHV , produced by Henkel of Avon, Ohio. [0032] As an alternative, instead of using the rain cover 130, a spray coating such as the "STO GOLD COAT" ® air and moisture shield manufactured by Sto Corporation, of Atlanta, Georgia, may be applied to the outside of the plate 100. Other coatings that can be used are Air-Bloc 07, Air-31 or Air-Bloc 33 spray products, manufactured by the Henry Company of Huntington Park, California. Henry AIR's "AIR BLOC" coatings are water vapor permeable air shield systems that provide permanent air insulation and protection against water while remaining permeable to water vapor flow.

[0033] In some embodiments, the covering 130 allows air permeation of from about 0.001 CFM / foot²up to about 0.007 CFM / ft2 (CFM = Cubic foot per minute; 1 CFM = 4.7.10-4 m3 / s; 1 ft = 30.48 cm) at a pressure of 75 pascals. Based on the TAPPI T-460 porosity testing from Gurley Hill (ISO 5636-5), the coating may have a porosity of about 300 seconds / 100 cm³ up to about 2500 seconds / 100 cm3 or, preferably from about 300 seconds / 100 cm3 to about 1500 seconds / 100 cm3. In certain embodiments, air leaks measured by the ASTM E283 test are about 0.017 ft3 / min.

[0034] Figure 7 shows the additional properties of several materials that can be used for the outer covering 130.

[0035] In addition to the coverings described above, the outer cover may be one of the covers described in US Patent Nos. 5718785, 5644880 or 4647496, which are hereby incorporated in their entirety by reference.

[0036] The inner covering 120 may be, for example, a non-woven material, a glass fabric and / or a polymer fabric. The covering 120 may optionally be watertight. [0037] The non-woven or woven cover 120 may be white or black. An example of a preferred white material for a 120 non-woven mat cover is the "Dura-Glass®" R8940 wet applied non-woven glass mat, manufactured by Johns Manville of Denver, Colorado. An example of a 120 non-woven mat cover is approximately 0.023 cm (0.009 inch) thick and has a mass per unit area of ​​38.7 g / m2². Another example is a glass fiber mat and a non-woven polyester fiber wet applied with a latex binder and having, for example, 0.03 cm (0.012 inch) thick and weight / square 70 g / m2.

[0038] An example of a non-woven material made of watertight glass can be a nonwoven commercial symbol 1807 available from Lydall, Inc. from Manchester, Connecticut, which weighs about 0.8 pounds per 100 square feet. Other suitable nonwovens weigh up to 2 pounds on

100 square feet.

[0039] Other examples of coatings may be a 1886 black mat or Manniglas black 1786 mat, trade symbol 40, or 1786 black mat available from Lydall, Inc. from Green Island, New York, or ElastiGlass® 3220B waterproof mat available from Johns Manville of Denver, Colorado. In other embodiments, the coating 120 is made of filament glass fibers in an acrylic based binder, such as Duras-Glass®8840 from Johns Manville, on which a waterproof material (e.g., silicone or fluorocarbon) is applied. Other mat materials having a non-absorbent level similar or higher waters can be used instead. By way of example, the materials may be non-woven mats of glass fibers randomly dispersed to form a fabric in the wet application process, bonded in an acrylic or other resin system, and then treated with a fluorocarbon based coating to provide the desired level of waterproofness.

[0040] In one embodiment, the covering 120 is a non-woven glass fiber mat having a weight less than

53.7 g / m2² (1.1 pounds / 100 feet²) and, more preferably, less than 48.81 2g / m2 (1.0 lb / 100 ft2). In one embodiment, the non-woven glass fiber mat is a Manniglas ® 1807 mat, trade symbol 27, having a target weight

42.3 g / m2 (0.87 lb / 100 ft2) and a maximum weight of 47.5 g / m2 (0.97 lb / 100 ft2), available from Lydall Inc., with Manniglas®1803WHB, trade symbol 23, having a target weight of 39.1 g / m2 (0.80 lb / 100 ft2) and a maximum weight of 43.9 g / m2 (0.90 lb / 100 ft2), also available from Lydall Inc., or a mat whose weight is an indirect burden. These examples of non-woven materials include solid waterproof material. In one embodiment, the non-woven material is combined, for example, by saturation, with a waterproof material containing a fluorinated polymer, such as a fluorinated acrylic, fluoropolymer or fluorocarbon, silicone, wax, oil, wax-asphalt emulsions, acrylics, other emulsions, latexes, polyvinyl acetates, etc. The weights reflect the combined weight of the coating and mat. In this embodiment, the desired watertightness can be achieved without using a watertight agent added to the insulation board adhesive or adhesive to glue non-woven material on the guide plate.

[0041] In a variant, the inner covering 120 may be a woven material. Examples of woven glass fabrics may be a square motif containing 10 x 10 threads per inch, such as 10 x 10 PermaGlas-Mesh coated glass fiber fabric or 20 x 20 PermaGlas-Mesh coated glass fabric produced by Saint-GobainTechnicals Fabrics in St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada. Both fabrics have a tensile strength of 85 pounds per inch wide in the direction of the fibers (MD) and in the direction transverse to the fibers (CD). In a variant, CHIL-GLAS glass fiber reinforcing mesh, trade symbol 10, available from Childers or woven glass available from Carolina Narrow Fabric can be used.

[0042] Needled, woven, knitted and composite materials can also be used due to their excellent strength / weight ratio. The inner covering 120 may include fibers and monofilaments of organic and inorganic materials. Examples are fibers containing glass, olefin (such as polyethylene, polystyrene and polypropylene), Kevlar®, graphite, rayon, polyester, carbon, ceramic fibers or combinations thereof, such as glass-polyester blends or Twintex® glass-olefin composite, available from St. Gobain Vetrotex, in France. Among these types of filaments and monofilaments, glass-based blends are desirable because of their fire resistance, their low cost, and their high mechanical strength. The four main glasses used are strong hydroxides (A glass or AR glass) useful in engine and cement applications, as in tile cladding media, electric grade glass (E glass), modified E glass resistant to chemical products (ECR glass) and high strength glass (S glass).

[0043] The resistance (to liquid water) of the inner surface may be the result of the process of layering a fabric that is not resistant to liquid water and is applied in layers on a water resistant mineral fiber board using a binder containing a non-water absorbing admixture. The surface of the laminated board thus obtained is resistant to liquid water even if the fabric in the strict sense can be resistant or not to liquid water. By way of example, if fabric 120 with loose and open fittings (e.g. 10 x 10) is used, the spaces between the fibers of the fabric 120 are open, and the water penetration resistance of the insulating surface equipped with binder and fabric would be provided by the resistance of the insulating material and / or binder resistance to liquid water penetration.

[0044] Combinations of fiberglass mat, fabric, staple fibers and primary glass fibers woven or knitted for the inner skin layer 120 may also be used. Suitable masses of glass fiber mat (generally a mat of chopped basic threads) and filamentary layered threads or loose staple fibers are connected with each other by a chemical binder or mechanically knitted, needled or stapled together.

A suitable combination would be a glass fiber and / or resin fiber mat or fabric coated with a layer of glass or resin fibers, then stapled or stitched to reduce porosity.

[0045] In some embodiments, the inner coating 120 may optionally be a variable type steam retarder (such as the "MEMBRAIN" intelligent steam retarder sold by Certain Teed

Corp. from Valley Forge, PA). Intelligent steam retarder changes its permeability depending on the humidity of the environment.

Table 3

<td>Manufacturer</td><td>Symbol coatings</td><td>Type coatings</td><td>Manufacturer binders</td><td>Binder type</td>

<td>Compac</td><td>MB2003</td><td>PSK</td><td>Henkel</td><td>50-0965 MHV</td>

<td>Compac</td><td>MB2001 / VR900</td><td>PSK</td><td>Fuller</td><td>V3484</td>

<td>VyTech</td><td>Atlas 96</td><td>Vinyl</td><td>Fuller</td><td>V3484</td>

<td>LAMTEC</td><td>WMP10</td><td>PSK</td><td>Fuller</td><td>WB1961</td>

<td>LAMTEC</td><td>WMP30</td><td>PSK</td><td>Henkel</td><td>50-0965 MHV</td>

<td>LAMTEC</td><td>WMP10</td><td>PSK</td><td>Henkel</td><td> 50-0965</td>

[0046] Table 3 shows several combinations of the water vapor retarder - beneficial coverage of the internal surface 120, in the case of the embodiments with the ASTM E84 test "Standardized test method - Parameters of Surface Burning of Building Materials": index of fire spread / maximum smoke 25/50 . In Table 3, VyTech means the company VyTech Industries, Incorporated, from Anderson, Carolina

South; Lamtec means Lamtec Corp de Flanders, New Jersey, Fuller means HB Fuller Co. [0047] In addition to the coverings described above, the inner cover may be one of the covers described in US Patent Nos. 5718785, 5644880 or 4647496, which are hereby incorporated by reference.

[0048] While it is preferred that the inner covering material is resistant to the penetration of liquid water, other coverings may, however, also be used. If the covering material is not resistant to the penetration of liquid water, or if it has openings that would allow the penetration of liquid water, resistance to the penetration of liquid water in the case of plate 100 would then be provided by means of insulating material resistant to penetration of water 110 and / or adhesive resistant water penetration.

[0049] In insulating some embodiments, the mineral fiber board has an edge with a female notch 150 and an edge with a female notch 140.

[0050] In some embodiments, the covering material 130 has a sealing sheath 160. The sealing sheath 160 is preferably extended to the end of the edge with the male notch 150 (and, preferably, the cover 130 is extended in the other direction up to the end of the edge with the female notch 140 ). The sealing cover 160 covers the edge with the surrounding notch 140 connected to the adjacent section 100 of the building material, as best illustrated in figure 2. In this way, the sealing cover 160 prevents the cover gasket 130 from adhering to the air gap between the edge with the female notch 150 and the edge with the female notch 140 that are connected.

[0051] In other embodiments (not shown), the sealing cover may be extended beyond the end of the edge with the enclosing notch 140. [0052] Double-sided tape 170 (or pressure sensitive adhesive layer) may optionally be glued onto the inner surface of the sealing cover 160. It is understood by the skilled person that the drawings are not to scale, and that the thicknesses of the sealing shell 160 and the strips 170 are exaggerated for reasons of intelligibility. Adhesive tapes suitable double-sided tapes are, but are not limited to: Venture Tape 1163H NS and 1163 / ms47 manufactured by Venture Tape Rockland, Mass., And 3M 9500PC, 9490LE, 9690 manufactured by Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co. from St. Paul, Minnesota. [0053] An exemplary product 100 may be placed in the outer wall of a building 200 as shown in figure 2. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional side view of a portion of the outer wall 200. It is understood that the wall 200 may include any number of plates running up or down to obtain any desired height, and left and right to obtain any desired width; both plates 100 shown in the wall 200 of figure 2 are any example for the sole purpose of facilitating the presentation.

[0054] Wall 200 includes a plurality of structural members of the structure 202. A layer of at least one panel 100 of the building building cover material is mounted on the outer side of the structural members of the structure 202. By way of example, Figure 2 shows several fasteners 208 that secure the panels 100 to the structural members 202. In other embodiments, the "X-Seal" anchor device sold by Hohmann and Barnard, Inc. may be used. from Hauppauge, New York (described herein with reference to figure 8), instead of attachments 206 and 208 to attach the elements shown in figure 2 (in other words, to attach outer layer 204 to frame members of structure 202). Insulation plate 110 is not a load-bearing product. The building material 100 may be of the type described above with reference to figure 1, in particular: mineral fiber insulation board 110 resistant to the penetration of liquid water with the main internal and external surface, covering material 130 which can be a cover against air and rain, applied in layers on the external surface of the insulation board (the covering material is permeable to water vapor), and covering 120 resistant to penetration of liquid water, applied in layers to the inner surface of the insulation board by means of a binder containing one or more non-water absorbing admixtures, the inner surface being opposite the skeleton elements of the structure.

[0055] The outer layer 204 is provided on the outside of the building envelope material. The outer layer 204 may be, for example, a masonry structure of concrete, ceramic tiles, glass, processed fibreboard, facing, shingles, bricks, stucco or stone, or other. The outer layer 204 is attached to the skeletal elements of the structure 202 by means of a fastening device 206 which passes through the building casing section 100, the covering material 130 being opposite the outer layer 204. Although Figure 2 shows the nuts and bolts as fastening devices, fasteners and fastening devices can be selected. It is understood by a skilled person that the type of preferred fastening device for a given wall will depend on the material of the structural skeleton elements

202 and from the material of the outer layer 204 of the building. The building slab 100 does not support the structure and the fixing devices 206 simply pass through the plates 100. [0056] In the example, the stone facade 204 is attached to the structure of steel columns 202 by means of a metal tie 206 that is bolted to the frame of steel structure 202 through CD 100.

[0057] Figure 2 illustrates how exemplary plate 100 can simplify assembly and reduce labor. Plate 100 is a unique product that can replace two to four different building materials that were applied separately in the prior art. It is not necessary to separately mount any of the following building materials: (1) air-tight barrier waterproof, (2) insulating material, (3) air / rain vapor permeable, and (4) sealing tape. While Figure 2 shows the outer layer of a building 204 in direct contact with the outer covering 130, in other embodiments (not shown), there is an air gap between the outer covering 130 and the outer layer of the building 204.

[0058] As shown in figure 2, the edge with the male notch 150 enters the edge with the female notch 140, and the cover 160 at the bottom of the top plate 100 covers the outer side of the edge with the female notch 140. A double-sided tape or adhesive 170 forms a seal between the two plates 100. The design with the groove thus ensures the absence of a continuous air gap between two adjacent plates.

[0059] Although the figures show a plate having edges with a male and female notch only at the bottom and top, respectively, plates 100, additional edges with a male and female notch (not shown) can be provided on the left and right sides of the plate.

[0060] The fact of taking into account the edges with the notch on the four sides of the plate makes it easier to fix the plates and seal the four sides of the plate, which allows improving tightness and reducing labor. In another embodiment (not shown), there is no edge with a notch, but the cover has a rim on one side only. In yet another embodiment, the covering has rims on two sides - one horizontal and one vertical.

[0061] The inner surface (without any improvement) thus has a maximum fire spread / smoke emission index 25/50 in fire hazard classification according to the ASTM E84 test method. In some embodiments, the article may have better fire resistance.

[0062] Figure 3 shows another variant of the EBS 300 board. The elements of figure 3 identical to the elements shown and described above with reference to figure 1 have the same reference numbers increased by 200. They include board 300, insulation board 310, watertight internal coating 320 , covering the outer cover against air and rain 330, edge with embracing 340, edge with embracing 350, cover 360 and tape or binder 370. These elements will not be described again. The board 300 also has an improved fireproof surface 380, possibly provided from the side of the insulating material 310, which is opposite the interior of the building. Fire resistance is provided by a coating or coating 380 applied to the insulation material 310, over the inner covering 320. In some embodiments, an improved fireproof coating is applied directly to the insulation material 310, without any covering layer 320. Materials or other fire resistant coatings or layers may be used whose fire resistance is ensured by non-swelling agents and / or vermiculite. [0063] In another example of a method of imparting fire resistance, a mixture comprising vermiculite and expanding graphite is dispersed in water, and the dispersion is applied to a glass fiber substrate 310, then dried. This method is described in detail in US Patent Application No. 10/322 433, filed December 19

2002, reference title attached here.

[0064] Some specific examples of 380 refractory coating materials that can be used to improve fire resistance are:

1) Woven glass fabrics coated with "VEXTRA®" vermiculite, available from Auburn Manufacturing Inc. from Mechanic Falls, Maine;

2) Flame retardant materials with "FYREROC®" inorganic coating, available from Goodrich Corporation, Construction Polymer Products Department, from Jacksonville, Florida. These products may contain the following fire resistant inorganic substrates: woven fabric with basic carbon fibers, slag wool, three-layer non-woven glass laminate, woven steel fibers and non-woven glass.

3) 'AD FIREFILM II®' non-swelling coating available from AD Fire Protection Systems in Skarborough, Ontario.

4) "FIREFREE 88®" non-swelling coating available from International Fire Resistant Systems, Inc. from San Rafael,

5) non-intumescent coating Albi Clad 800 available from the Albi Manufacturing Branch of StanChem, Inc. d'East Berlin, Connecticut,

6) Passive Fire Barrier coating available from Contego International from Carmel, Indiana,

7) Universal Fire Shield fire screen available from Unishield, LLC of Denver, Colorado.

[0065] In some embodiments, the surface of the plate 100 or 300 closest to the assembler (generally, outer layer 130) has vertical lines 400 printed in inch intervals (or at another selected interval) to serve as a reference system in directing the assembly of the plate 100 or 300 on 202 steel poles. All 402 screws (or other fasteners) recessed in plate 100 or 300 should enter steel pole 202 under the plate. The largest part of the steel pole 202 is covered by a plate 100, 300 (as shown in figure 4) when the assembler places the plate next to the columns. However, the top of the pole 202 is visible, and the assembler can identify the position of the steel columns 202 relative to the vertical line motif printed on the surface of the plate. By way of example, when the posts are at level 4, 28, 52, 76, the assembler can place his fastening screws 402 at the level of these vertical lines 400 in the middle, at the top and bottom of the plates 100, 300. In addition, when the plates are applied in such way that the lines are horizontal, they are used as a reference reference system. This reference system indicates the position for separating the fixings required by the manufacturer or architect (for example, 12 inches from center to center, or every 12 inches). It will also facilitate the assembly process because the assembler can count the lines once, start assembly and continue along the same line throughout the assembly.

In a variant, these lines may have different but repetitive colors (e.g. 6 or 12 different colors that repeat in the same way). The assembler would have a line that would be easy to identify and stick to during the assembly process (in other words, if the assembler starts on the red line, he knows that he should stick to the red line for the remainder of this fastening line).

Figure 5 shows another example in which vertical lines 400 and horizontal lines 502 are provided to form a grid motif. Regardless of the location of the plate, one group of lines will be parallel to the columns 202, and the other group of lines may be used to spacing fastening devices (or other fasteners). Figure 6 shows another outer wall 600, i.e. a variant of the wall 200 of figure 2. Similar elements are marked with similar reference numerals. The elements described above with reference to figure 2 will not be replaced again. The wall 600 consists of steel columns 202, an external gypsum layer 602 supported by fixings 604, a plate 100, fixing devices (or other fixings 208) on the wall, and external stone cladding (or other building outer layer) 204.

[0067] In some embodiments, the inner covering 120 of Figure 6 may optionally be a variable type steam retarder 120 (such as the "MEMBRAIN" intelligent steam retarder, marketed by Certain Teed Corp. from Valley Forge, Pennsylvania). Therefore, when excess moisture accumulates in the gypsum (gypsum is relatively permeable to water vapor), the use of an intelligent vapor retarder for 120 coverage would allow moisture to escape outside the building.

[0068] In some embodiments, fasteners 206 are not necessary as long as the plate system 110 includes fastening to the outer wall 204, for example tie rods for bricks.

[0069] Figure 8 is a cross-section of the wall 800, that is, another variant of the wall of Figure 2. In figure 8, an air gap is provided between the panel 100 and the outer layer of the building 204. The outer layer of the building 204 can be "self-supporting" in the vertical direction ( brick, for example) and may possibly not require horizontal attachment devices 806 to have tensile and compressive strength. In one embodiment, the attachment device 806 may be the "XSeal ™" attachment device sold by Hohmann and Barnard, Inc. from Hauppauge, New York. The "XSeal ™" fastening device is preferably used for the insulating plate 110 because it transfers the load on the outer wall to the steel pole 202.

[0070] While the invention has been embodied, it is not limited. The appended claims will be interpreted in a broad sense, and will include other variants and embodiments of the invention that the skilled person will be able to implement without departing from the scope and wide selection of equivalents of the invention.

described in context, however, to them