Method for and system for especially separated telecomunication

The present invention relates to a duplex telephone communication method and a duplex telephone communication station.

Mobile radio telephone communications systems, including both mobile subscriber devices and telephone devices mounted on motor vehicles, are susceptible to interferences such as fading and shielding. These phenomena are manifested in the fact that in the case of radios mounted in cars, reception decreases abruptly when the vehicle is in one place, but resumes after traveling a short distance.

A known way to combat such fading and shielding is to use split reception. For this purpose, two types of distributed reception are used: reception by time separation, which consists of sending and receiving the same information more than once, and frequency separation, which consists of sending and receiving the same information on more than one carrier. However, these two methods have the drawback of requiring additional frequency band extension.

A third way of split reception, which does not require additional bandwidth extension often. tegościtwegt, it is a spatially separated reception. This method involves the use of two or more antennas that are arranged at a distance from each other on a mechanical vehicle. Due to the fact that the fading characteristics of these antennas are statistically independent of each other, when the iedad antenna is in radio frequency decay conditions, the second antenna can basically carry the full signal. By this the fading phenomenon can be eliminated. However, these split antennas provide separate signals that can be duplicated one by one or overlap one another unless they are properly controlled and adjusted.

The method of duplex telephone communication according to the invention, in which, upon reception, the radio signal is received by the first antenna, the communication data is separated from the received radio signal in the processing system, and the link quality, the level of automatic gain control and parity errors of the received radio signal are determined, and then the data extracted from the received radio signal is decoded at the codec-decoder and sent to the telephone station, and while transmitting, the communication data from the telephone station is coded in the codec-decoder into transmission data, after which the transmission data is converted into a radio signal in the processing system, which is transmitted through the first antenna, characterized in that the radio signal is also received by the second the antenna is separated in an additional processing system,

164 583 from the radio signal received by the second antenna, communication data and the link quality, level of automatic gain control and parity errors of the radio signal received by the second antenna are determined. Then the link quality, the level of automatic gain control and the parity error of the radio signal received by the first antenna are compared with the quality of the link, the level of automatic gain control and the parity error of the radio signal received by the second antenna. The quality of the radio signals received is then determined and, when the quality of the radio signal received by the second antenna is better than the quality of the radio signal received by the first antenna, the data flow switch switches. On reception, the data extracted from the radio signal received by the second antenna is routed to the codec, while - when transmitting - the transmission data is routed from the codec to an additional processing system. There, they are converted into a radio signal that is transmitted through a second antenna.

A duplex telephone communication station according to the invention, comprising an antenna attached to a primary unit built from a transceiver, which is connected, via a modem, a direct memory access interface and a processor, with a <^ codec, characterized in that it also comprises a second antenna attached to the non-equivalence unit. It is built from a second transceiver connected through a second modem and a second direct access dd memory interface to the second processor. SStcjj also includes a switch, through the first path of which the processor of the primary unit is connected to the codecemrdkCrioiik, the second paoccisc is connected to the codec via the second path of this switch. The station has two interconnected switching circuits, of which anirwzay is connected to the processor of the primary unit and the second - to the second processor. The switch is also attached to the processor of the unit aiiosctzij.

In another embodiment, a duplex telephone communication station according to the invention, covering an antenna connected to the transceiver, which is connected, an modem modem, a direct memory access interface and a processor, of which the elements constitute the primary unit, is also characterized by having a second antenna connected to the second setter-receiver. It is connected, via a dougi modem and a second direct memory access interface, with a long processor, which is a new unequal unit. The station also has a data switch, controlling wsbbcom anirsotzee units or non-equivalence units, connected to the process. aiirsotzeu and second poojezori! m units

In a further variation, a duplex telephone communication station according to the invention, comprising an antenna attached to an aneosotneU unit built of a zaraunnka-cdbiorzikc, which is connected, acaozez modem, direct memory access interfaces for each channel and a processor with a multiplexer, is characterized by the fact that aawneoc also a second antenna attached to the low-power unit built from the second Zadajzik-orbicrnik. It is connected, via a second modem and second direct memory access interfaces for each channel, to a second processor. The station also contains a combined set of incompatibilities attached to the process unit of the primary and to the second process unit, and a switch for each channel blows. Through the right path of this right, the process of the individual unit is processed through a multiplexer, and a second switch path, the second processor is connected to the multiplexer. The multiplexer is attached to a known codec. The station also has a comparator attached to the processor of the primary unit and to the second processor takes over interface units for each channel. The comparator is then connected to the switch controlling the choice between the first and second track.

In another configuration, a duplex telephone communication station according to the invention, an intrinsic antenna attached to the transceiver that is connected, and aoaraea modem ooaa direct access interfaces to the memory of Iraq and Kkanau, with kkCrJWJiddekOrJrJ.

which elements constitute the piJototna unit, characterized by the fact that it also includes a second antenna attached to the second zunUnnek-reflectno-scotch. It is connected, it has a second modem and second direct memory access interfaces, with sections for each channel of the second arccezorc, which are the elements of the eco-equipment. In the station there is also a data switch for the dna iakaede of the channel, sZeJwjucc wsboowJ juerzoZki pίnJwsOnzJ or units nnJÓŚółczarnists, and woouzjao with section. pawocesor juJrzoZki iieJwwCnzJ ii isJjuami second avocescwa, for each channel.

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An advantage of the invention is that individual signals from separate antennas are combined into a high-quality signal, resistant to interference such as fading and shielding. This signal is not subject to duplication or interference with other signals. While maintaining the advantages of spatially separated reception, the solution according to the invention does not use additional frequency bands, unlike other solutions used to receive frequency or time separated signals. In addition, it is an advantage of the invention that if one of the antennas becomes inactive, for example in the event of shading or damage, it automatically switches to the other antenna.

The subject of the invention will be explained in more detail on examples of embodiments based on the attached drawing, in which ffg. 1 - block diagram of a duplex telephone communication station operating as a subscriber station, Fig. 2 - block diagram of a duplex telephone communication station operating as a subscriber station similar to that shown in Fig. 1, but operating on the basis of wttpj ^^ e ^ j - synthesis, iig. At t fig. 38 a block diagram of a duplex telephone communication station operating as a ba station, fig t - block diagram of the combinational unit of nWervalence used in the station shown in FIG. 3A in FIG. 3B, and FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of a duplex telephone communication station operating as a station basic, and operating on the principle of pre-synthesis.

The variant of the duplex telephone communication station operating as a subscriber station shown in Fig. 1 contains the primary unit 12 and the imbalance unit 14. The primary unit 12 contains the transceiver 20 with the antenna connected 16. The nadaCnikt-odaioynik 20 output is connected via modem 24 to the interface 28 direct memory access to the processor 32. The low-energy unit 14 includes a second transceiver 22 with a second antenna 18 attached. The output of the second transducer receiver 22 is connected, via a second modem 26 and a second direct memory access interface 30, to the second processor 34. Processors 32, 34 operate in the baseband and are connected to each other through switching circuits 36, 38, one of which circuit 36 ​​is included in primary unit 12 associated with processor 32, and second circuit 38 is contained in non-equivalent unit 14 and associated with second processor 34. In addition, the subscriber station includes a switch 40 whose first path 42 connects the processor 32 to the codec 50 and the second path 44 connects the second processor 34 to the codec 50. The switch 40 is controlled via link 46 from the first processor 32. The switch 40 is connected , via third track 48, with codec 50. Handset 52 is connected to codec 50.

Transmission signals transmitted from the base station, as modulated radio frequency signals, are received by the antenna 16 of the primary unit 12 and by the second antenna 18 of the non-equivalence unit 14. Transmission signals, synthesized 'RELf⁵, i.e. the digital coding process, which reduces the bandwidth of the radio frequency digital signal, they go to the transmitters 20, 22 assigned to these antennas, then to modems 24, 26.

In modems 24, 26, the signals are demodulated, with the demodulated signals being sent through interfaces 28, 30 to the processors 32, 34 assigned to them. Each of the processors 32, 34 contains elements for performing RELP synthesis on the affected, previously compressed, data transmission. Data compression and expansion takes place as part of RELP synthesis in processors 32, 34. The uncompressed transmission data, with PCM modulation, is transmitted through the first track 42 from the processor 32, or the second track 44 from the second processor 34, to switch 40 and further to codec 50. Processors 32, 34 also provide detection of parity errors by means of coding errors, for example with Haeming or Reed-Solonon codes.

Communication data containing information transmitted on a radio frequency carrier is transmitted from the first modem 24, via interface 28, to processor 32, which performs RELP synthesis and determines the link quality, level of automatic gain control in parity errors in this data.

It should be clarified here that the link quality is determined by measuring the phase error of the radio signal, and the level of automatic gain control determines the response of the communication system to compensate for the deterioration of the quality of the radio signal received by the antennas. At the same time, the term signal quality is understood as a total of three parameters of the quality data of the received radio signal.

Communication data from the second modem 26 is similarly transmitted, via the second interface 30, to the second processor 34, which performs RELP synthesis and determines the quality of the link, automatic level

164 583 gain control and parity errors in this data. Information about the quality of the communication data from the second processor 34 is then passed through switching circuits 36, 38 to the processor 32. This processor compares the information about the quality of the communication data, including parity errors, link quality and the level of automatic gain control of the own circuit, with information received from second processor 34. Selects higher quality connectivity data that has the highest link quality, least parity errors and the lowest level of automatic gain control, and, via link 46, forces switch 40 to position the selected circuit, through the first 42 or second 44 path, to transfer the obtained PCM signal of data transmission, via third track 48, to codec 50. There, the PCM signal is converted into an analog signal and then transferred to handset 52.

The variation of the subscriber station shown in Fig. 2 is similar to the station shown in Fig. 1, except that it represents a pre-synthesis subscriber station in which communications data are forwarded to the processor prior to expansion. At the same time, only the original processor processes the RELP synthesis signal and the obtained, expanded signal passes to the codec.

The subscriber station is composed of a primary unit 102 and an unbalance unit 104, The primary unit 102 includes a transceiver 110 with an attached antenna 106. The transceiver output 110 is connected, via modem 114 and interface 118, to processor 122. The unbalance unit 104 includes a second transceiver 112 with a second antenna 108 connected. The output of the second transceiver 112 is connected, via a second modem 116 and a second interface 120, to the second processor 124. In this station, the second processor 124 is connected to the processor 122 via the switch 126. Only the processor 122 performs RELP synthesis for expansing signals previously subjected compression. In this case, communication data is transferred> from the second processor 124, via switch 126, to processor 122, which compares the quality data including link quality, parity error and the level of automatic gain control in the communication data of the second processor 124 with its own data. It then accepts the best compressed communication data and, based on it, performs RELP synthesis to expand the previously compressed communication data for the PCM signal. Then the obtained signal goes to codec 120, where it is converted into an analog signal and finally transferred to handset 130.

Figures 3A and 3B show a variation of a duplex telephone communication station operating as a base station adapted to connect to many other stations using multiple channels. The base station is composed of a primary unit 202 and an imbalance unit 204. The primary unit 202 includes a transceiver 200 with an attached antenna 206. The transceiver 208 is connected to modem 210 by receive path 212 and send path 214. Modem 210 has a channel control unit 216 connected to it that transmits data from that modem at predetermined intervals. Modem outputs 210 are connected to memory access interfaces 220, 222, 224, 226 for each channel attached to processor 218.

Transceiver 208 provides signals that, when combined with signals at frequencies received by the first antenna 206, are converted into signals with lower frequency values. In this case, these signals are forwarded through the receiving path 212.

When transmitting, intermediate frequency signals from modem 210 are transmitted via transmission path 214 to transceiver 208. There, they are mixed with carrier frequency signals, converted into transmission frequency signals and sent to antenna 206.

Modem 210 is connected to processor sections 218 (the figure shows four: 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A), through interfaces 220, 222, 224, 226, which are used to transfer communication data at set intervals, from modem 210 to individual processor section 21B. Connectivity data is analyzed by individual sections of the processor 218 to determine quality data including: parity errors, levels of automatic gain control and link quality, and to pass that quality data to the combination non-equivalence assembly 228.

The same type of data is passed to the combinatorial incompatibility assembly 228 from the second processor 230, which is built, like the processor 218, from a series of sections. The figure shows four sections 1B, 2B, 3B, 4B. The second processor 230 is part of the base station's imbalance unit 204, which further includes a second transceiver 236 with a second antenna 250. The second transceiver 236 is connected to the second modem 232 by a second receiving path

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236 and a second transmission path 240. A second channel control unit 234 is connected to the second modem 232, which is used to transmit data from this modem at predefined intervals. A second modem 232 connects to the processor 230 via direct memory access interfaces 242, 244, 246, 248 for each channel.

Both processors 218, 230 receive PCM synchronization signal from multiplexer 252 via synchronization path 254 and control path 256. Multiplexer 252, in turn, receives PCM signals from combination non-equivalence assembly 228 via paths 258, 260, 262 and 264.

The combination imbalance assembly 228 is further illustrated in Figure 4, which shows in detail one 1C interface circuit, since the other three interface circuits 2C, 3C and 4C are identical. The 1C interface circuit has four blocking circuits 302, 304, 306 and 308. First blocking circuit 302 receives link quality signal and parity error data from section 1A of processor 218, while second blocking circuit 304 receives link quality signal and parity error data from section 1B of second processor 230. Third blocking circuit 306 receives automatic gain control data from section 1A of processor 218, while the fourth blocking circuit 306 receives the automatic gain control data from section 1B of the second processor 230. All data of the four blocking circuits 302, 304, 306, 308 pass through the common bus 310 to the comparator 312, which compares the first and second signal quality data and determines which is more favorable. More favorable quality data is used to provide the switch control signal 314 on link 313. In the first position of switch 314, the PCM signal from section 1A of processor 218 is received through the first path 316, and in the second position, the PCM signal from section 1B of the second processor 230 is received through the second path 318. The selected PCM signal is transmitted from switch 314 through path 258 to the multiplexer 252. Multiplexer 252 is part of the base station and is attached to a codec, not shown in Fig. 3A, such as codec 50 in Fig. 1. Comparator 312 and switch 314 with paths 316, 318 can also be used in subscriber stations shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Subsequent circuits of the 2C, 3C, 4C interfaces, all identical to the 1C interface circuit, are connected together to the bus 310 and provide PCM output signals on the following paths 260, 262, 264, shown in Figs. 3A and 3B.

The base station has been described above in relation to data reception. Of course, it can work, in a similar but opposite way, when broadcasting. In this case, if one of the antennas provides better reception than the other, it will also provide better transmission, because the other antenna is subjected to the same shading for both reception and transmission. The same also applies to subscriber stations shown in Figs. 1 and 2 respectively.

Figure 5 shows a variation of a duplex telephone communications base station as a pre-synthesis base station that includes a primary unit 402 and a 404 imbalance unit. Each of the 402 or 404 units has a 406 or 408 antenna. Each of these antennas is connected to a 410 or 412 transceiver and each of these transceivers connects to modem 414 or 416. Modem 414 is connected to interface circuits 418, 420, 422 and 424 in the primary unit 402. The second modem 416 is connected to the circuits of the second interface 426, 428, 430 and 432 in the non-equivalence unit 404. Each of these interfaces is connected to the assigned sections of the processor 434, 436, 438, 440 of the original unit 402 and to the assigned sections of the second processor 442, 444 , 446, 448 non-equivalence units 404, which are of the same type as shown in Fig. 3A and Fig. 3B. Processor sections 434, 436, 438, 440 and 442, 444, 446, 448 are connected in pairs through switch circuits 450, 452, 454, 456.

Processor sections 434, 436, 438, 440 are programmed to provide an additional comparison function. So they accept both their own quality data including: link quality, parity errors and the level of automatic gain control, as well as the quality data from the second processor section 442, 444, 446, 448. They compare these two sets of quality data and perform RELP synthesis, then is the expansion of more favorable compressed communications data. The data obtained with PCM modulation is provided via tracks 460, 462, 464, 466 to a multiplexer, not shown in FIG. 5, such as multiplexer 252 in FIG. 3A.

Although the above described embodiments of the invention relate to the use of two antennas, it is possible to use more than two antennas. In this case, the best quality communication signal from all antennas is selected. In this embodiment, a first antenna is used as the main antenna, and a plurality of antennas subject to the main antenna. It is also possible to use

164 583 use of antenna systems, each comprising a main assembly and one or more assemblies subject to that main assembly. The main unit of one system serves as the main unit of the whole antenna system for selecting communication signals. This is a particularly advantageous technical solution for the base station.

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UP Department of Publications. Circulation of 90 copies

Price: PLN 10,000