Closed-circuit breathing protection equipment

(

<td>POLAND OZECZPOSPOLIIA CHINA</td><td>PATENT DESCRIPTION</td><td> 12</td><td> 8604</td>

<td>ς</td><td>Additional Patent</td><td></td><td>CZ uu Nl A</td>

<td>in</td><td>for patent Reported: 81 11 06 / p. 233705 /</td><td></td><td>U &lt;.ęav Patent Mttiii fcMtffepiMi Ianm |</td>

<td></td><td>Priority: 81 03 13 Republic</td><td colspan="2">Int α³ A62B 7/02 A62B 9/02</td>

<td>OFFICE patent HALF</td><td>Federal Germany The application was announced: 82 09 27 Patent description published: 1985 06 28</td><td></td><td>B63C 11/24</td>

Creators of the Invention: JUrg Y / inkler, Hkns Matthiesaen, Ernst Warncke, Adalbert Pasternack

Patent holder: Dragerwerk Aktiengesellschaft, Lübeck / Federal Republic of Germany /

PROTECTIVE BREATHING EQUIPMENT WITH CLOSED CIRCULATION

The present invention relates to electrically controlled closed breathing devices. Breathing protective devices with electric control are known, operating on a circulating basis, which allow that oxygen in the respiratory air, conducted in such a circulation, can be kept at a normal level of about 21% regardless of the surrounding pressure, for example when using as a diver's outfit. It must, however, be provided to the wearer of the equipment so that, in the event of a possible failure of the electrical breathing gas control, he can continue working without interference or in any case reach the initial state of the used equipment again.

In the known closed-circuit breathing apparatus worn on the back, the partial pressure of oxygen in the circuit is maintained at the desired height by means of an electronic device for regulating oxygen.

In the first system, the circuit includes a breathing connection with a mouthpiece, as well as directional valves for two breathing bags, namely one for the inspiration side and the exhaust side, which are connected to each other by a CO2 absorbing cartridge · The required amount of oxygen is supplied from a pressure gas cylinder by means of a parallel connection of the throttle, adjustable with a handwheel, and a closed magnetic valve on the inlet side of the absorbing cartridge. The electrochemical oxygen sensor is located on the output side of the absorbing cartridge and is regulated by an electronic control device and the associated magnetic valve, and the partial pressure of oxygen in the circuit is set to the setpoint. Measurement of the partial value of oxygen pressure is visible on the indicator, worn on a wrist bracelet. The adjustable throttle is positioned so that it provides the least amount of oxygen necessary for the user to survive. Normal life is then already carried out by means of a magnetic valve.

In the second system, supplementation of used oxygen is carried out through a series system of a permanent throttle · and an open magnetic valve in the rest station, actuating the device • • which is located in the breathing bag · located on the inspiration side. In the case of ι

/ _t )

128 604 / disturbances such as magnetic valve falling out and if the sensor signal falls below a certain limit value, an optical and / or acoustic warning signal is given. Then, by manually activating the switching device, the magnetic valve is bypassed and oxygen is continuously supplied through the permanent throttle. }. It is disadvantageous if, in the event of a disturbance in the first system / execution, there remains * maintained emergency power supply, which may prove to be terminated for normal needs, for example to return to the surface, but it is not sufficient for normal operation. Therefore, if the disturbance is not noticed by constant observation of the indicator, there may still be a serious impoverishment of oxygen in the circuit. In the second system,

In the event of a fault, manual switching is necessary. This requires timely recognition of disturbances as a result of an alarm or observation of the indicator, and then also of the user's conscious ability to act, as described in US-PS 32 52 458.

In known circulation equipment, especially for underwater works, the breathing gas controlled by a one-way valve from the mixing chamber is fed through a mouthpiece, which can be located in the mask, to the user, and from there through the breathing bag and absorber 00₂ back to the mixing chamber. The safety valve on the breathing bag relieves it, eliminating possible excess pressure to the environment. A gas cylinder with a mixture of oxygen and inert gas is connected to the circulation via a pressure control valve and a pressure compensation valve, as well as a parallel, manually operated push-button valve.

Thus, the circuit can be filled manually or automatically. A second oxygen gas cylinder is connected to the mixing chamber via a pressure control valve and a manually operated push-button valve; Parallel to the push-button valve are arranged, connected in series one after the other, a magnetic disconnection valve and a magnetic valve, which are actuated by means of an electric current circuit. The current circuit is connected to two sensors, located in the mixing chamber, of which the total pressure acts on one and the partial oxygen pressure on the other.

The circuit layout of the current circuit shows the measurement quantities on the devices indicating the expenditure, which are worn on hand bracelets. The circuit arrangement of the current circuit then regulates, as a result of actuation of the magnetic valve, the supply of oxygen in such a way that it is possible to maintain a constant oxygen partial pressure or a given percentage in the circuit. If the partial pressure of oxygen exceeds a certain limit that is harmful to health, then the circuit of the current circuit closes the magnetic disconnection valve until the percentage of oxygen drops again, this exceeding is signaled by the illumination of the alarm device.

In addition, oxygen warning lights placed inside the mask indicate whether this oxygen content is in the desired range or above or below this range. In order to increase safety, it is envisaged to use a second identical connection system if damage occurs in the first system. As an additional monitoring device, a third sensor is placed in the measuring chamber, which works without external energy, which measures the partial pressure of oxygen without connection to the current circuit and shows it on an independent indicator. In the event of damage, the user can make a manual emergency supply through both push-button valves from an oxygen gas cylinder or a mixture of oxygen and inert gas.

• It is disadvantageous when, despite the use of electronics and apparatus in a high degree, the user is forced to recognize the occurring disturbance on the basis of observations of indications and signals, therefore, following the indications, he maintains the correct emergency power supply by means of manual control, which, however, interferes with his complete completing the task or when returning to the surface. ·

The object of the invention is to provide electrical control of respiratory protective equipment on a circulating basis, in which, after failure of the control, it is automatically switched by means of a magnetic valve to an additional breathing air supply;

-128 604

Protective closed-circuit breathing equipment with oxygen supply in a pressurized gas cylinder and 0Q absorbing cartridge₂as well as the supply of breathing air controlled by a magnetic valve by means of an electric regulation 'according to the invention is characterized in that the oxygen supply line is connected via a pressure reducer controlled by a second oxygen sensor located in the breathing bag and by a second regulating device to the valve switch, with which the first drofize flow is connected, and is controlled by the first oxygen sensor in the breathing bag, as well as by the first regulating device, and the magnetic valve is mounted in the supply line towards the breathing bag, whereby in the second flow path, after switching in a known way through the pipe, a pulmonary automaton is connected, while the pipe has a branch with a dispenser directly introduced into the bag tract.

Each regulating device has one battery as an energy supply. · The regulating devices have battery readiness indicators, and oxygen sensors are preferably electrochemical. *

The second regulating device with the differential member is connected to the first regulating device by means of a connecting cable

The subject of the invention is illustrated in the embodiment in the drawing, in which the respiratory equipment 1 with closed circulation is schematically shown. The circuit is created in a serial order of flow to the inspiratory part, led out of the breathing bag 2 through the inspiration valve 3, inspiration hose 4 and breathing connection 5₂ and is put back into the breathing bag 2.

Spent oxygen is replenished from stock. This equipment has an oxygen cylinder 9, equipped with a shut-off valve 10, to which a pressure reducer 11 is attached, and its rear pressure connection is connected via an oxygen supply line 13 to an electrically controlled switching valve 17 · Pressure gauge 12 indicates the oxygen pressure in front of the regulator pressure 11.

The first flow path leads through the magnetic valve 18 and through the conduit 24 to the breathing bag 2. The magnetic valve 18 is part of the first regulating device 22 and is controlled by it through the first oxygen sensor 20 located in the breathing bag 2.

A second flow path leads from the switching valve 17 through the conduit 25 and through the branch 26 with the dispenser 19 to the breathing bag 2 and through the switching conduit 14 to the pulmonary regulator 15.

The switching valve 17 is controlled by the electric second regulating device 23 via a second oxygen sensor 21 located in the breathing bag 2.

Both regulating devices 22, 23 have one battery 27, 28 for power supply. Indicators 29, 30 indicate operational readiness or operation.

During non-operational use, the respiratory protective equipment 1 and thus the user of the equipment is supplied with the necessary oxygen in the first flow path. With the help of the first oxygen sensor 20, the oxygen consumption in the breathing circuit is controlled and the used oxygen is exchanged via the magnetic valve 18. In the event of a fault during normal operation, and thus also the disruption of the magnetic valve 18, the oxygen content in the breathing circuit decreases. It would seem that, for example, when the first oxygen sensor 20 or magnetic valve 18 fails, the oxygen concentration increases too much.

In both cases, when the set concentration limits are reached, the system switches to oxygen by the second oxygen sensor 21, and the second regulating device 23 switches the switching valve 17 to the other side of the flow. Thus, oxygen flows in a known manner, and in its basic amount through the dispenser 19 to the breathing bag 2, and to equalize the peak demand concentration it flows to the user of the equipment through the switching line 14 controlled by the pulmonary automaton 15.

128 604 \ '- ii