Method of waste recovery and sewage treatment and filtering apparatus therefor takzhe fil'tracionnoe ustrojjstvo dlja utilizacii i pererabotki stochnykh vod
Abstract
A combined treatment of solid waste and waste water using a coal filter and a thermal reactor wherein the waste water is clarified in the coal filter and the solid waste, together with spent coal carrying impurities removed from the waste water in the coal filter, is subjected to thermal decomposition and pyrolysis in the thermal reactor to produce heat energy, a combustible gas rich in hydro carbons, and fresh filter coal which, after optional activation and/or pelletization, may be returned to the coal filter.
Term
Term ended
Expired 12 August 1993, 33.1 years ago.
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16 claims: 3 independent, 13 dependent
- 1Zastrzeżenia patentowe 1. Sposób utylizacji odpadów i przeróbki ścieków, w którym ścieki miesza się z rozdrobnionymi odpadami, albo z częścią rozdrobnionych odpadów, następnie oddziela się składniki organiczne i nieorganiczne, zaś strumień ścieków z rozpuszczonymi w nim, względnie z zawieszonymi składnikami odpadów, wielokrotnie filtruje się za pomocą nieaktywowanego i aktywowanego węgla, przy czym znaczną część węgla filtrującego nasyconą zanieczyszczeniami poddaje się przeróbce cieplnej dla usunięcia zanieczyszczeń zaś zanieczyszczenia rozkłada termicznie na węgiel i gaz palny a odpady stałe względnie części węgla filtrującego nasyconego zanieczyszczeniami w dalszym ciągu oddzielnie spala się względnie częściowo spala a regenerowany węgiel filtrujący z powrotem odprowadza się do strefy filtrowania ścieków, znamiennyn tym, że w celu zmniejszenia zatykania względnie zalepiania filtrów węglowych, uniknięcia nadmiernego ścierania cząstek węgla, ulepszenia procesu filtracji i przebiegu oddzielania, ścieki obciążone odpadami oczyszcza się za pomocą węgla, względnie aktywnego węgla, przy czym przeprowadza się je przez wielostopniowy, stale poruszany, układ filtrów, filtruje się je wstępnie, zgrubnie i/lub dokładnie, przy czym wstępne i zgrubne filtrowanie przeprowadza się za pomocą luźnych warstw filtracyjnych z węgla, a użyty do filtracji węgiel, względnie węgiel aktywny uzyskuje się z organicznych składników odpadów, grudkuje się go dla filtracji i mieli się grudki dla otrzymania granulatu, a po obciążeniu go zanieczyszczeniami odprowadza się z powrotem do przeróbki termicznej, w której obciążony węgiel filtracyjny częściowo regeneruje się i częściowo oddzielnie spala.
- 2Sposób według zastrz. 1, znamienny tym, że filtrację zgrubną przeprowadza się przy użyciu węgla nieaktywowanego. '
- 3Sposób według zastrz. 1, znamienny tym, że dokładną -filtrację przeprowadza się przy użyciu węgla aktywowanego albo mieszaniny węgla nieaktywowanego i węgla aktywowanego.
- 4Sposób według zastrz. 1, znamienny tym, że węgiel filtracyjny s osuje się w postaci granulatu wytwarzanego przez zmielenie uzyskanego węgla na drobne cząstki, wymieszanie ich ze smołą lub lepikiem do brykietowania stanowiącymi środki wiążące, zlepienie tej mieszaniny w grudki przy ciśnieniu, korzystnie 1,17 kPa, i przy temperatulze, na przykład 80 °C, które wystarczają do zmiękczenia smoły lub lepiku, i następnie Zmielenie.
- 5Sposób według zastrz. 1 znamienny tym, że stosuje się węgiel filtracyjny zawierający jako substancje polarne tlenki glinu, krzemu, tytanu, żelaza i/lub magnezu.
- 6Sposób według zastrz. 5, znamienny tym, że stosuje się węgiel filtracyjny, w którym udział tlenku glinu i/lub krzemu uzyskuje się przez dodanie odpadów względnie ścieków z fabrykacji papieru do ścieków, które mają być przerobione.
- 7Sposób według zastrz. 1 znamienny tym, że w celu . pośredniego oczyszczania węgla filtracyjnego znajdującego się w elementach filtrujących spłukuje się te elementy filtrujące wodą użytkową, po czym odprowadza się tę zanieczyszczoną wodę użytkową do wlotu ścieków, a przepłukane elementy filtrujące wstawia się do układu ścieków.
- 8Urządzenie filtracyjne do utylizacji odpadów i przeróbki ścieków, posiadające dwustopniowy filtr z nieaktywowanego i aktywowanego węgla, mielerz wieloreaktorowy z reaktorem do spalania co najmniej części węgla nasyconego zanieczyszczeniami oraz zespół do przemieszczania węgla z pierwszego reaktora do strefy filtrowania ścieków, znamienne tym, że filtr zgrubny (114) składa 118 046 się co najmniej częściowo z sitowych pojemników (120) w których umieszczony jest nieaktywowany węgiel w postaci dużych kawałków oraz zamocowany przed nim obrotowy filtr (142), wstępnego oczyszczania który jest opuszczany do systemu ściekowego i którego poszczególne, za^ 5 wierające warstwy węglowe elementy filtracyjne (144), są oddzielone od siebie.
- 9Urządzenie według zastrz. 8, znamienne tym, że obrotowy filtr (142) wstępnego oczyszczania stanowi przenośnik łańcuchowy posiadający zespół odciekowy. io
- 10Urządzenie według zastrz. 8, znamienne tym, że filtr (142) wstępnego oczyszczania lub następujący po nim filtr, zawiera filtr koszowy (330), który posiada zamocowane do przenośnika otwarte od góry kosze przy czym ścianki (344) koszy w kierunku przepływu są dziurkowane a kosze 15 zawierają warstwę filtracyjną.
- 11Urządzenie według zastrz. 10, znamienne tym, że dno kosza ma strukturę niegładką i ewentualnie posiada wzdłużne przegrody (350).
- 12Urządzenie według zastrz. 8, znamienne tym, że 20 filtr wstępnego oczyszczania i/lub filtr dokładny (400) zawiera dziurkowaną taśmę bez końca (402), która na oddalonych wzdłuż taśmy stanowiskach (420, 430, 440) jest napełniane substancją filtracyjną i przepływającymi przez nią ściekami, zawierającymi ładunek zanieczyszczeń, przy 25 czym taśma jest opróżniana z substancji filtracyjnej, zawierającej ładunek zanieczyszczeń.
- 13Urządzenie według zastrz. 12, znamienne tym, że taśma bez końca jest tak prowadzona na elementach na 12 pędowych (422), że w obszarze przepływu (420) posiada w przekroju poprzecznym kształt litery V, zaś na stanowisku , napełniania (440) posiada przekrój - w kształcie litery V lub płaski, natomiast na stanowisku opróżniania (430) * posiada pochylenie i przekrój płaski.
- 14Urządzenie według zastrz. 12 albo 13 znamienne tym, że taśma posiada strukturę powierzchni (412), która zapobiega silnemu przesuwaniu się warstwy węglowej w obszarze przepływu (420).
- 15Urządzenie według zastrz. 12, znamienne tym, że taśma bez końca stanowi układ, składający się co najmniej z trzech oddzielnie prowadzonych, ustawionych pod kątern, współpracujących ze sobą, oddzielnych przenośników taśmowych (428, 426, 402) z których przenośnik J taśmowy (428) służy do odbierania świeżej substancji filtracyjnej i do przenoszenia jej na umieszczoną za nią taśmę do filtrowania (402), ta zaś jest do przenęszenia substancji filtracyjnej z ładunkiem zanieczyszczeń na ostatni przenośnik taśmowy (426), służący do transportowania tej substancji do mielerza wieloreaktorowego.
- 16Urządzenie według zastrz. 8 znamienne tym, że filtr wstępnego oczyszczania i/lub filtr dokładny (188) stanowią obiegający po prowadnicy (180) układ przechylanych, otwartych od góry koszy (182) zr perforowanymi dnami (184), zawierających luźną substancję filtracyjną (186), przy czym prowadnica (180) umożliwia usuwanie zawierającej ładunek zanieczyszczeń substancji filtracyjnej i napełnianie koszy świeżą substancją filtracyjną za pomocą przechylania lub zmiany kierunku. Fig.la i 118 046 118 046 ŁDD Z-d 2, z. 985/1400/82, n. 85+20 egz. Cena 100 zł
Independent claims16
70 paragraphs, as filed
<td rowspan="2">POLAND REPUBLIC CHINA</td><td>PATENT DESCRIPTION</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2"> 118 046</td>
<td>Additional patent to patent No. -</td>
<td>Ιβι</td><td>Submitted: 12.08.78 (P. 209010)</td><td></td><td></td>
<td></td><td></td><td colspan="2">Int. Cl.<sup>3</sup> B09B 3/00</td>
<td rowspan="2">OFFICE PATENT</td><td><sub>t</sub> Priority: 12.08.77 United States of America</td><td></td><td>C02F 9/00</td>
<td>The application was announced: 18.06.79</td><td></td><td>READING ROOM</td>
<td>PRL</td><td rowspan="2">Patent description published: 31.03.1983</td><td></td><td>Paientov Office »/ * Q<sup>r</sup>'</td>
<td></td><td></td><td></td>
Inventor of the invention --- Patent holder: Adolf H. Borst, Donzdorf (Federal Republic of Germany)
Method of waste utilization and wastewater treatment and filtration device for waste utilization and wastewater treatment
The subject of the invention is a method of waste utilization and wastewater treatment, and a filtration device for waste utilization and wastewater treatment.
A method of utilizing and processing wastewater is known, consisting of mixing wastewater and at least separating it into organic and inorganic components. The waste water stream with dissolved or suspended waste components passes through a two-stage filter from inactivated and activated carbon and in the first reactor of the multi-reactor miller the greater part of the filtration carbon saturated with impurities is subjected to thermal treatment for coal regeneration, while the load of impurities deposited on the carbon filter is thermally distributed giving coal and combustible gas, at least in the second reactor, the solid waste or part of the carbon saturated with impurities are burned, giving heat and flammable gas, and the regenerated carbon from the first reactor is fed back to the wastewater filtration zone.
From the German Patent DOS No. 2558703 a method of waste utilization and sewage treatment is known, which uses wastewater as a means of transporting waste as well as for its division into essentially organic and inorganic components.
Wastewater contaminated with waste is cleaned by filtration using ordinary and activated carbon:
a) a portion of the waste or activated carbon with a load of impurities burns, producing flammable gas, providing energy for thermolysis,
The main part of the filter carbon, containing the load of impurities, is thermally decomposed in the thermolysis reactor, as a result of which the filter carbon is regenerated, and an exhaust gas rich in hydrocarbon is obtained.
Although this method has many advantages, and especially allows optimal use of waste energy resources, as well as their utilization, with practical <sub>0</sub> implementation of the method still revealed some difficulties. These difficulties are particularly evident when the composition of the waste entering the system is constantly changing while the composition of the waste water is changing. In the case of particularly persistent, unpleasant<sub>5</sub> impurities, interferences in the precipitation and filtration processes relevant to the system may occur. Continuous waste and wastewater treatment can be disturbed in particular by clogging or sizing of carbon filters, flow changes and excessive abrasion of filter carbon. As a result of these phenomena, there may be a partial penetration of pollutants through a fine filter filled with activated carbon, especially polar substances.
Also known are filtration devices for waste utilization and sewage treatment containing a two-stage filter of inactivated and activated carbon, a multi-reactor miller for scaling at least part of the carbon saturated with impurities, and a coal transfer unit from the first mill reactor to the fil<sup>}</sup> tracking.
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The object of the invention is to develop a utilization method<sup>: </sup>waste and sewage treatment, which does not have the disadvantages of prior art methods.
A further object of the invention is to develop a device structure that allows achieving improved retention of impurities on filter media without interfering with the flow of wastewater treatment.
The object of the invention has been achieved by the fact that wastewater laden with wastes is treated by means of coal or activated carbon, where it is carried out through a multi-stage, constantly agitated system of filters, it is pre-filtered, thickened and / or thoroughly, whereby preliminary and coarse filtration is carried out using loose carbon filter layers.
The carbon or activated carbon used for filtration is obtained from organic waste components, it is lumped for filtration and the lumps are obtained to obtain granules and after loading it with impurities it is returned to a thermal treatment in which the loaded filter carbon partially regenerates and partially separately scale.
By using a multi-stage filtration method in which the filtration processes are at least partly carried out using loose layers containing carbon, it is possible to avoid the current disadvantages.
By dividing the filtration processes into several stages, and in particular by using filters at the beginning of the whole process, containing loose filtration layers, it is possible to mechanically and partially absorptively separate the load of wastewater impurities, without clogging or sticking the perforated walls, sieves etc. of filtration equipment. Clogging or sticking of the perforated walls and screens is avoided in such a way that the impurities adhere to the particles of the filter substance and by simple tipping or tilting it is possible to remove the filter substance containing the load of impurities, while exposing unsealed sieve surfaces. In this way, it becomes possible to refill the emptied filter systems with fresh filtration substance and to obtain a smooth flow of filtration processes. Discharged filtration substances containing a load of impurities are then filtered and transported to the reactor of a multi-reactor mill to re-coke the impurities and obtain new filtration carbon.
The object of the invention has also been achieved by the fact that the coarse filter is laid at least partly from sieve containers in which <sub>x</sub> the unactivated carbon is placed in the post-baffle of large chunks and a pre-filter attached to it which is lowered into the sewage system and whose individual carbon-containing filter elements are separated from each other.
The pre-treatment filters, which are the first coarse filters, are moved in countercurrent to the flowing wastewater containing the load of contaminants, with the filtering being carried out on the basis of gravity. However, coarse filters can be introduced into standing wastewater by turning or can be moved by flowing wastewater.
The filter layers contain a certain amount of carbon. In coarse filters, through which waste water flows ria the beginning, the carbon is found in pieces, in an unactivated form, and acts as a mechanical filter. Carbon is "obtained from organic waste components without activation. Depending on the composition of the treated wastewater or its impurity load, an appropriate amount of activated carbon, also obtained from organic waste components, can be added to the coarse filters.
According to one preferred embodiment of the invention, the filter layer contains carbon in a granular state to prevent as far as possible carbon dust formation. Granulation of a carbon filter substance is recommended not only for fine filtration of activated carbon in this case. Coal obtained from the waste in the reactor by coking is finely ground after cooling, mixed with organic binders, e.g. tar or adhesive and lumpy at elevated temperature and pressure, e.g. 80 ° C at 1.17 IO pressure<sup>5</sup> kPa. Lumped carbon can be milled to obtain the desired medium size<sup>1</sup> grains. It is then inactivated with filter carbon suitable for coarse filtration. If the use of carbon for fine filters is envisaged, the granulate obtained from milling is activated in a known manner, for example, by heat treatment for several hours in a gas tight, closed reactor, a multi-reactor, into which water vapor and / or zinc chloride is introduced. Granulated activated carbon obtained in this way from organic waste components has good abrasion resistance with a large surface development.
The quality of granulated coal can be further improved by spraying the waste before introducing it to the first stage of thermal treatment or the first stage of thermal treatment with liquid combustible waste, e.g. with oil. This type of granulation can significantly prevent coal abrasion and the associated process disturbances.
Particularly good filtering effects are obtained when a chunky carbon filter substance containing a certain amount of polar substances is used. The presence of polar substances can be achieved in such a way that such waste substances are added to waste and / or wastewater which in the form of heat treatment exist in a form requiring filtration and partly in a form rigidly participating in adsorption. This can be achieved, for example, in that a certain amount of 'sewage generated in the production of paper or porcelain is added to the treated household and industrial wastes introduced into the wastewater, usually to municipal wastewater. Waste or sewage from these industries usually contain polar substances, e.g. fillers, such as alumina, silicon oxides, and titanium oxides, which are converted to carbon at carbonation temperatures from about 300 to max. 800 ° C are obtained in activated form.
Other polar metal oxides that are at issue often have a small positive charge, for example, iron oxides and magnesium oxides, obtained as waste sludge in the ceramics and aluminum industries. By the appropriate addition of 'waste sludge, giving activated carbon oxides when charred, not only additional filtration effects due to polar electrostatic action can be obtained on mechanical carbon filters, but these compounds exert advantage<sup>5</sup> · Inactive from the point of view of clarification and sedimentation of sewage. Therefore, the combination of a loose filtration layer consisting of both carbon and polar waste using granulation of the filter substance is particularly advantageous when carrying out the method according to the invention. This applies especially to fine filtering.
In the method according to the invention, at least the fine filters are, prior to removal, a filtration layer containing a load of contaminants, subjected to backwashing with preferably water, obtained from already treated sewage.
Filtration processes using loose filtration layers, preferably in the form of granules, can be further improved by constant layer movement. When moving the filter layer, for example, by the movement of the container. with the filtration layer, however, it should be noted that it does not obtain a fluidized bed state, since this causes the disappearance of mechanical action. filter.
It is advantageous to carry out the method according to the invention in such a way that the filtration system is filled with the filter substance in continuous movement, then waste water flows through it, optionally after previous backwashing containing the load of contaminants, the filter substance is removed and after refilling with the filter substance the filtration system is again used for filtering. Such operations, carried out in constant motion, can take place at the spatially separated positions of one filtering device.
The subject of the invention is shown in the embodiment of the drawing, in which Figs. 1a and 1b show a diagram of a multi-stage filtration method according to the invention. Fig. 1c - a basket filter diagram that can be used both as a coarse filter and a fine filter, Fig. 2 belt filter in perspective view Fig. 3a, 3b - continuous filter belt.
Fig. La shows / the main course of filtration when the method according to the invention is used, but it is not shown what is needed in the regeneration system, in the present case, for combustion containing a load of activated carbon, multi-reactor mill reactors, in which also organic components of waste are converted into partially activated and partly inactivated carbon; as well as waste incineration.
In the method of the invention, a device consisting of at least two, and preferably three or more, substantially cylindrical, horizontally arranged, parallel drums which can be rotated about their own axes was used as the multi-reactor miller. In a preferred arrangement of reactors, they are arranged one above the other in a triangle, as a result of which one can speak of a pair of lower reactors and an upper reactor, located between the lower reactors.
In the following, the filtration system according to the invention will be explained on the basis of a discussion of the path of wastewater or solid wastes. The wastewater, which can be both municipal wastewater and industrial wastewater, is fed through the supply channel 108.
The device includes a set of nozzles 170 through which gas, e.g. air, is blown, as a result of which mixing and thorough distribution of accumulated impurities occurs, a settler 110-sieve 112, and a multi-stage carbon filter 106 ". Prior to the multi-stage carbon filter 106, a submerged filter 142, a coarse filter, is provided.
The pre-filter 142 according to the invention serves to trap very heavy or persistent impurities and can, if desired, completely replace the mechanical grille or screen 112. The pre-filter 142 rotates in countercurrent to the direction of the waste water flow.
In the recommended embodiment, as shown in fig. 1b, the pre-filter consists of separated filter elements 144 containing carbon layers, the filter elements being placed on a slowly or intermittently moving chain conveyor 146 or the like which transports the filter elements in countercurrent in a wastewater stream from the end point 150 in which the filter elements containing the load of impurities are extracted from the wastewater stream in a goy.
The advantage of the design with the rotating pre-treatment filter is that the residence time of the filter element in the wastewater can be easily adjusted depending on the observed mass of impurities by means of a corresponding increase or decrease in speed. conveyor chain 146. This type or similar structure can also be used for the coarse filter next to the pre-filter. 114 and fine filter 116.
The filter elements 144 'of the pre-purification filter consist of a suitable frame containing a loose filter layer of carbon particles, preferably in the form of granules. In the area where the filter layer rests, this chamber has holes that allow liquid to enter. After removing the filter element from the wastewater stream, the carbon layer containing the impurity load is subjected to a multi-reactor miller reactor (not shown in the drawing) in a chain conveyor 146, in which coal regeneration takes place and at the same time pyrolysis of retained organic impurities. In this way, the impurities are transformed directly into filter carbon. It is advantageous to use leachate scraper filter elements that can be used to remove liquid that retains on carbon containing a load of impurities best before regeneration and / or combustion. Such a leachate assembly may, for example, be equipped with a shaking mechanism (not shown) to improve water removal. Empty filter elements are filled with fresh regenerated carbon. from a multi-reactor miller reactor (not shown in the figure, but only marked with the word "stove"). It may be advisable to use indirect washing procedures in the event of a process disruption, which is also not shown in the drawing. The emptied filter elements with a fresh carbon layer are again transported to pre-filter 142. An exchanger 156 may be provided between the carbon outlet of the reactor and the pre-filter to cool hot regenerated coal and to transfer heat to heat transfer agents, e.g., water. By means of a pre-treatment filter 142 before and / or after which it may be<sub>r</sub> optionally, a placed mechanical grate is, in a relatively simple way, removed a large part of suspended or floating organic substances introduced into the wastewater in the form of solid waste.
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Filtered or suspended, primarily organic impurities that have been captured by the sieve 112 or the grating are through an upwardly directed conveyor belt 132 taken from the waste water and fed into. combustion or coking. The conveyor 132 is structurally or so arranged in such a way that a relatively easy flow of water is possible during capture and removal of flotated or suspended particles. .
Wastewater pre-treated by means of a pre-treatment filter 142 possibly assisted by a sieve 112 before leaving the installation through an outlet channel 118 as pressed water passing into a system consisting of a coarse filter 114 and fine filters 116. 15
The coarse filter 114 consists of a large number of filtration elements 120 that can be removed for regeneration and reinserted into the filter.
For this purpose it is possible to raise and lower the coarse filter 114. The filter elements 120 are filled with <sub>2</sub>0 Normal filter carbon with suitable particle size, preferably in the form of granules. elements; during operation of the installation, the filtration systems are shifted in counter-current from the end of the filter 122 to the beginning of the filter 124. ·
The fine filter also consists of a number of elements <sub>2</sub>5 filtration 126, also advancing in a countercurrent manner to the wastewater from end 128 to top end 130. The fine filter can be cleaned by means of backwashing, in a given case in the backwashing unit 134 provided for this purpose. thirty
It is preferable to use, as backwash water, directly water from the condensed water channel 118, if desired, in a tank 136 equipped with heating spirals 138. Contaminated water as a result of the backwash process 35 flows back through the return line into channel 108.
After the backwashing, the filter element 126 can be put back into the fine filter 116. Backwashing is only an option, since the normal regeneration of the charge-containing contaminants and exhausted filtration elements takes place in the reactor of the multi-reactor not shown complete ashing and removal of ash from the reactor may occur. In the latter case, the containers of the filter elements 126 are filled with fresh activated carbon from the second miller reactor, whose enthalpy can still be used by introducing into the wastewater in the heat exchanger 156.
'Road intended for processing mainly solid <sub>50 </sub>waste, consisting, among others, of food waste, paper, plastic, oil and tar, old tires, wood, glass, ash, etc. is as follows: these substances are from the 160 bins, through tapes. us magnetic conveyor belt 166 and rollers 162<sub>55 </sub>milling machines 164 pretreated. or separation. Density 1 substances settle in the settling tank 110, which are removed by means of a bucket conveyor 168.
A series of 170 air nozzles facilitate thorough mixing of wastewater and waste to improve the desired separation into organic and inorganic components.
By means of a conveyor 132, the organic waste components flowing on the surface are removed from the screen 112 and fed to the reactor for coking. <sub>65</sub> , <sup>8</sup>
The multi-reactor scales take place in separate reactors located in the immediate vicinity of the spatial thermolysis and pyrolysis of mechanically removed impurities, carbon layers containing the load of impurities and other carbon filters, whereby direct introduction of waste to reactors may be justified.
Figs; lc, another preferred embodiment of the pre-filter 188 is shown, which can also be used as the fine-filter. It consists essentially of a tilting, open from above guide 180, tilting baskets 182 with perforated bottoms 184 containing a loose filtration substance 186, wherein the guide 180 allows the removal of a filter substance containing a load of contaminants and filling the baskets with fresh filter substance by tilting, changes of direction etc. As shown in fig. Ic, containers 182, represented in the form of baskets, move in the opposite direction to the flow of wastewater, which rearrange their load on the filtration layer and flow out through the perforated bottom. Depending on the speed, degree of wastewater pollution, etc., the filtration process can be easily adapted to the requirements by using the appropriate number of containers 182 moving in the opposite direction to the wastewater flow,
Depending on the requirements, waste water can pass through one or more containers. For this purpose, the removal of containers from the wastewater stream 194 by tilting them sideways around the guide 180 can be used. The filter substance with the load of contaminants, ejected in the direction of tilting of the containers, is introduced into the furnace by means of a conveyor belt 190. The filling of the containers 182 with the filter substance takes place by means of a feeding unit coming out of the furnace, for example * a conveyor belt 192.
This device has proven itself in changing conditions of a continuously operating sewage and waste treatment plant, because by simply feeding and discharging the filter substance, clogging of filter media is avoided, and by easily changing the number of containers 182, whose speed relative to the flow of sewage is obtained a very flexible system.
Fig. 2 shows a filtering device with equally good properties, showing a basket filter 330 mounted on a conveyor belt. The filter can be introduced into the wastewater stream at the right place.
The filter consists of two conveyor belts 332 located on two sides, which are driven by means of rollers in such a way that the upper part 336 of the belt moves upstream (in Fig. 2 left up). A number of open-top baskets with square rectangular or similar fixed bottoms 340 bound by a pair of, for example, triangular side walls 342 are attached to the tape. Colloquially, between chambers 338 it is realized by means of openings in the front walls, through which purified sewage flows, leaving suspended impurities on the filtration layer. Thanks to the appropriate shape of the filtration layer, the screen walls are protected against interference, which enables continuous operation of the system.
As shown in Fig. 2, the filling with fresh filtration substance or removal of the filtration substance with a load of impurities can easily be carried out on. bottom of the device.
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In order to prevent strong shifts of the filtration layer, the bottom 340 of the baskets has a rough surface. To this end, it is also possible to subdivide the surface of the containers further, especially in the longitudinal direction.
Figs. 3a and 3b show a cross-sectional and longitudinal section of the device 400, suitable for use in the form of a pre-filter and / or a thorough cleaning consisting essentially of endless perforated strip 402.
Preferably the belt is a system consisting of at least three separately guided, angled, separate conveyor belts. At station 440, the belt is filled with a filter layer and then contaminated sewage is fed into it. The filtration layer containing the load of impurities is removed permanently<sup>k</sup> in sump 430. As shown in Fig. 3b, a fresh filter layer is imposed on the filling station 440 by means of the conveyor belt 428 coming out of the oven, while the filter layer loaded with impurities in the flow region 420 is discharged in a suitable manner on the conveyor in the emptying station 430 tape 426, guiding down the furnace. The belt can be driven by the appropriate drive elements 422, ideally located outside the flow area.
According to a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the tape is so guided over the elements. drive 422 that in the flow region 420 has a U-shaped cross-section at the filling station 440 V-shaped or flat cross-section and at the emptying station 430 it is inclined and has a flat cross-section. Figure 3a shows the device in cross section in the flow region 420. Here, the belt 402 is seen to guide the drive rollers 404, the filter layer 4C6 rests on the structure surface belt 412. By means of such or similar surface structure, the strong movement of the filter layer can be prevented. In Fig. 3a, a number 410 indicates the sediment of impurity particles, while water 408 passes down through the perforated belt 424.
It should be emphasized that the tape can move Ί continuously with regulated speed or intermittent movement. Here too, the filter layer which is constantly fed in and out provides protection for easily clogged, perforated parts of the filter elements
It is easy to see that by introducing filtration elements in which the perforated surfaces of the system are continuously protected by a filtration layer that can be easily fed in and out, the flexible and uninterrupted operation of the entire system has been enabled. The work was additionally facilitated, especially by using carbon granulation, used in coarse filters and fine filters, as well as by deliberate use of polar substances, which can also be obtained from waste or sewage, especially roasted metal oxides such as iron oxide, alumina , silicic acid anhydride, etc., obtained from a multactor reactor.
88 members in 28 offices
Priority claims4
| Document | Office | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 82414877 | United States of America | A | |
| 82414877 | United States of America | A | |
| 1977824148 | – | – | – |
| US19770824148 | – | – | – |
Members88
| Document | Office | Kind | |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2558703A1 | Germany | A1 | |
| DE2602306A1 | Germany | A1 | |
| DE2606451A1 | Germany | A1 | |
| DE2606452A1 | Germany | A1 | |
| PT68416A | Portugal | A | |
| PT68417A | Portugal | A | |
| BE869693A | Belgium | A | |
| BE869694A | Belgium | A | |
| DK350578A | Denmark | A | |
| DK350578A | Denmark | A | |
| DK350678A | Denmark | A | |
| DK350678A | Denmark | A | |
| FI782354A | Finland | A | |
| FI782354A | Finland | A | |
| FI782355A | Finland | A | |
| FI782355A | Finland | A | |
| NO782736L | Norway | L | |
| NO782737L | Norway | L | |
| SE7808559L | Sweden | L | |
| SE7808560L | Sweden | L | |
| NL7808434A | Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | A | |
| NL7808434A | Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | A | |
| NL7808435A | Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | A | |
| NL7808435A | Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | A | |
| DE2834717A1 | Germany | A1 | |
| DE2834718A1 | Germany | A1 | |
| GB2002647A | United Kingdom | A | |
| GB2003128A | United Kingdom | A | |
| FR2399857A1 | France | A1 | |
| FR2399859A1 | France | A1 | |
| BR7805183A | Brazil | A | |
| BR7805183A | Brazil | A | |
| BR7805184A | Brazil | A | |
| BR7805184A | Brazil | A | |
| JPS5463462A | Japan | A | |
| JPS5463548A | Japan | A | |
| US4157961A | United States of America | A | |
| PL209010A1 | Poland | A1 | |
| PL209011A1 | Poland | A1 | |
| US4165289A | United States of America | A | |
| ZA784336B | South Africa | B | |
| ZA784337B | South Africa | B | |
| ES472532A1 | Spain | A1 | |
| ES472533A1 | Spain | A1 | |
| DD138883A5 | German Democratic Republic (until 1990) | A5 | |
| DD138884A5 | German Democratic Republic (until 1990) | A5 | |
| AT360445B | Austria | B | |
| AU3880678A | Australia | A | |
| AU3880678A | Australia | A | |
| AU3880778A | Australia | A | |
| AU3880778A | Australia | A | |
| ATA585078A | Austria | A | |
| PL118042B1 | Poland | B1 | |
| PL118046B1This record | Poland | B1 | |
| AU520685B2 | Australia | B2 | |
| GB2003128B | United Kingdom | B | |
| CA1124183A | Canada | A | |
| AU522793B2 | Australia | B2 | |
| CS215012B2 | Czechoslovakia (until 1993) | B2 | |
| HU178995B | Hungary | B | |
| GB2002647B | United Kingdom | B | |
| YU192378A | Yugoslavia, later Serbia and Montenegro (until 2006) | A | |
| HU179678B | Hungary | B | |
| IL55260A | Israel | A | |
| IL55261A | Israel | A | |
| YU192278A | Yugoslavia, later Serbia and Montenegro (until 2006) | A | |
| CH634536A5 | Switzerland | A5 | |
| CA1144082A | Canada | A | |
| ATA585178A | Austria | A | |
| SU1061705A3 | Soviet Union (until 1991) | A3 | |
| AT374774B | Austria | B | |
| MX5769E | Mexico | E | |
| MX5889E | Mexico | E | |
| CH644888A5 | Switzerland | A5 | |
| NO151530B | Norway | B | |
| FR2399857B1 | France | B1 | |
| NO151530C | Norway | C | |
| YU40044B | Yugoslavia, later Serbia and Montenegro (until 2006) | B | |
| IT1108568B | Italy | B | |
| IT7868897A0 | Italy | A0 | |
| IT7868897D0 | Italy | D0 | |
| FR2399859B1 | France | B1 | |
| IT1160588B | Italy | B | |
| IT7868898A0 | Italy | A0 | |
| IT7868898D0 | Italy | D0 | |
| DE2834718C2 | Germany | C2 | |
| DE2834717C2 | Germany | C2 | |
| DE2558703C2 | Germany | C2 |
Numbers
- Publication, DOCDB
- 118046
- Publication, EPODOC
- PL118046B
- Application
- 209010
- Application, DOCDB
- 20901078
- Application, EPODOC
- PL19780209010
Titles
- English
- METHOD OF WASTE RECOVERY AND SEWAGE TREATMENT AND FILTERING APPARATUS THEREFOR TAKZHE FIL'TRACIONNOE USTROJJSTVO DLJA UTILIZACII I PERERABOTKI STOCHNYKH VOD
Classification
- CPC, 10
- C02F11/123
- C02F1/283
- C02F9/00
- C02F11/10
- C10B53/00
- C10G1/002
- Y02E20/12
- Y02W10/40
- Y02P20/129
- Y02W10/30
- IPC, 12
- B01D33 00
- B01D33 327
- B01D15 00
- C02F1 28
- C02F9 00
- C02F11 00
- C02F11 10
- C02F11 123
- C05F15 00
- C10B53 00
- C10G1 00
- F23G5 00