Coating glass
Abstract
This record has no abstract on file.
Term
Term ended
Expired 10 June 1991, 35.3 years ago.
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13 claims: 2 independent, 11 dependent
- 1Sposób nakładania powłok .na płaskie powierzchnie szkła, znamienny tym, że kieruje się gaz z rozdzielacza usytuowanego poprzecznie do przesuwającej się wstęgi szkła na powierzchnię jego, przy czym powoduje się, że przepływ gazu w kierunku równoległym do powierzchni szkła jest lamiinamym i na całej szerokości szklanej wstęgi ima -charakter jednorodny.
- 2Sposób według zastrz. 1, znamienny tym, że nakłada się powłokę w warunkach, gdy szkło po przejściu procesu formowania ma jeszcze wysoką temperaturę.
- 3Sposób wedłiug zastrz. 1, znamienny tym, że gaz stosowany przy nakładaniu powłok rozkłada się przy zetknięciu się z gorącą powierzchnią szkła a następnie osadza się na tej ostatniej materiał pokrywający.
- 4Sposób według zastrz. 3, znamienny tym, że zapobiega się przedwczesnemu osadzaniu się materiału pokrywającego na powierzchni szkła oraz reguluje się temperaturę gazu stosowanego do nakładania powłok.
- 56. Sposób według zastrz. 1, znamienny tym, źe powoduje się przepływ gazu stosowanego, do nakładania powłok mad powierzchnią szkła przy ciśnieniu atmosferycznym. 6. Sposób według zastrz. 1, znamienny tym, że gaz kieruje się równolegle do powierzchni gorącego szkła, przy czym na całej szerokości wstęgi przeznaczonej do pokrycia zachowuje się jednakowe ciśnienie.
- 67. Sposób według zastrz. 1, znamienny tym, że kierunek -przepływu gazu pokrywa sdę z kierunkiem ruchu wstęgi szkła.
- 78. Urządzenie do nakładania powłok na płaskie powierzchnie szkła, znamienne tym, że ma podporę dla wstęgi szkła (21), gazowy rozdzielacz (26) usytuowany poprzecznie względem wstęgi, oraz mechanizm przystosowany do przesuwania szkła względem rozdzielacza (26), który zawiera przewód (41) doprowadzający gaz, oraz kanał przewodzący (27), którego kontury stanowią odpowiednio ukształtowane ścianki zapewniające przepływ gazu, oraz zabezpieczają jego laminarny przepływ gazu w kierunku równoległym do powierzchni gorącego szkłaU21).
- 89. Urządzenie wedłiug zastrz. 8, znamienne tym, że ma przepustnicę (42) usytuowaną między przewodem (41) doprowadzającym gaz i kanałem prowadzącym (27) zapewniającą uzyskanie równomiernego rozłożenia powłoki gazowej na całej szerokości szkła (21)*
- 910. Urządzenie według zastrz. 9, znamienne tym, że ma przepustnicę (42) składającą s-ię z dużej ilości kanałów (48) usytuowanych między przewodem (41) doprowadzającym gaz i kanałem prowadzącym (27), przy czym przekrój poprzeczny każdego z nich jest mały co powoduje, że spadek ciśnienia wizdłuż przewodu (41) jest niewielki w porównaniu ze spadkiem ciśnienia wzdłuż tych kanałów.
- 1011. Urządzenie według zastrz. 8, znamienne tym, że ma mechanizm przystosowany do kontrolowania temperatury ścianki, której kontury wyznaczają równoległą do powierzchni szkła drogę przepływu gazu.
- 1112. Urządzenie według zastrz. 11, znamienne tym, że rna izolację termiczną (56), (57) w mechanizmie kontrolującym temperaturę ścianki, przy czym izolacja ta jest usytuowana między przewodem (41) doprówadizającym gaz, a ścianką której kontury wyznaczają drogę przepływu gazu. 18. Urządzenie według zastrz. 12, znamienne tym, że ma ukształtowane ścianki tak, że jest możliwość odprowadzania gazu z powierzchni szkła po osadzeniu sdę na nim materiału pokrywającego.
- 1214. Urządzenie według zastrz. 13, znamienne tym, że ma mechanizm przedmuchujący przystosowany db rozproszenia gazów odprowadzanych z powierzchni szkła (21). 1*5. Urządzenie według zastrz. 14, znamienne tym, że ma rozdzielacz (26) zawierający blok centralny i dwa człony boczne usytuowane w pozycji stycznej do bloku centralnego tworząc w ten sposób kanał prowadzący (27) o kształcie litery , y U” dla gazu wypływającego z przepustnicy (42), pnzy czym kontur kanału wyznacza pierwszy człon boczny i ścianka boczna bloku < centralnego, dolna ścianka bloku centralnego 1 powierzchnia sizkła (21) oraz drugi boczny człon i ścianka boczna bloku- centralnego.
- 1316. Urządzenie według zastrz. 15, znamienny tym, że ma dwa człony boczne sięgające do po wierzchni przesuwającej- się wstęgi szkła, przy czym ich dolne ścianki usytuowane są równoległe do powierzchni wstęgi umożliwiając zredukowanie do' minimum ulatnianie się gazów między powierzchnią a dolnymi ściankami tych członów.
Independent claims13
66 paragraphs, as filed
The present invention relates to a method for applying a coating to a flat glass surface and a device for applying a coating to a flat glass surface.
It is known to apply coatings to a flat surface of hot glass by contacting the glass with a gaseous material at atmospheric pressure. However, it has been very difficult to obtain an even coverage on the advancing ribbon of glass by this method. In the patent specification Stan. Union 3 850 679, for more homogeneous coatings obtained by chemical vapor deposition, it is proposed to direct the gaseous material to the glass surface through the nozzle, with the Reynolds number being at least 2,500. at high speed, a Reynolds number of at least 5000 is recommended for the flowing gas. With a Reynolds number greater than 2500, the gas flow is turbulent.
The object of the invention is to provide a method which enables even flat surfaces of hot glass to be coated with the gas flowing in a direction parallel to the surface of the advancing glass ribbon, whereby the application of p wick takes place under laminar flow conditions. in contrast to the conditions discussed above where the gas flow is turbulent.
The object of the invention was achieved by developing a speech for coating flat surfaces <sub>5</sub> glass, which consists in directing the gas from the distributor located transversely to the moving glass ribbon to its surface, which causes that the gas flow in the direction parallel to the glass surface is I<sub>10</sub> It is uniform throughout the width of the glass ribbon. This method, among other applications, is particularly useful for applying coatings to hot glass, for example a glass ribbon. Coating gas<sub>15</sub> The glass surfaces contain a gaseous material, such as metal vapor, that condenses on the glass surface. The invention is particularly useful for the application of coatings resulting from contact with a hot glass surface as a result of which the coating material is deposited on the glass.
Preferably, such gases are volatile metal carbonyls or hydrides which decompose on contact with hot glass, or silanes, especially silico-methane, which pyrolyze as a result of which silicon is deposited on the surface of S2 glass.
The gas used to coat the hot glass may also be a mixture containing one or more of the compounds discussed above, or
107 277 also a mixture of two compounds<sup>1</sup>, one of which is, for example, a halide of a metal and the other a compound or element reacting with it, e.g. oxygen or an oxygen compound, as a result of the reaction, the coating substance precipitates on the glass surface. The coating gas may also contain, if required, an inert component, e.g. nitrogen, as the carrier gas.
The temperature of the gas is controlled to prevent early precipitation of the solid coating material from contacting the hot glass surface. To this end, the temperature maintained in the gas supply channels of the distributor must be high enough to prevent the gas from condensing and, on the other hand, low enough to avoid decomposition of the gas before it comes into contact with the glass surface. The gas used for applying the coatings is easily supplied to the glass surface at atmospheric pressure. Higher or lower pressures can be used with due caution, as in this case the attempt to equalize the pressures disrupts the parallel dc · glass surface flow of the gas laminate or leads to undesirable oxidation from the area to be coated. Most often, the gas is directed parallel to the glass surface over the entire width of the ribbon, while the pressure is maintained throughout this area. This makes it possible to maintain laminate gas flow conditions and also helps to achieve even coverage.
In order to obtain an even coverage, it is desirable that the glass ribbon be treated uniformly over its entire width to be coated, it is preferred that the gas flow direction is actually parallel to the ribbon plane and the ribbon travel direction. The direction of the gas flow may coincide with the direction of the web movement, or it may be in the opposite direction to the latter. However, it has been found that maintaining the laminate flow conditions is most easily achieved if the gas is directed in a direction coinciding with the direction of glass ribbon movement.
The objectives of the invention have also been achieved by constructing a device for applying coatings to flat glass surfaces, having a support for the glass ribbon, a gas divider located transversely to the ribbon, and a mechanism adapted to advance the glass relative to the distributor, which includes a gas supply conduit and a guide channel whose contours are properly shaped. walls ensuring gas flow and securing its laminar gas flow in a direction parallel to the hot glass surface.
To maintain a uniform distribution of gas across the width of the web. glass between the gas supply pipe and the gas guide channel that the throttle should be introduced. The throttle is formed by a system of channels placed between the gas supply conduit and the guide conduit, and characterized by small cross-sectional areas. The sizes of the above channels are such that the pressure drop along the gas supply line is small compared to the pressure drop along the channels.
The apparatus db for coating flat surfaces of hot glass may also include a mechanism for controlling the temperature of the walls which define a gas flow path in a direction parallel to the glass surface. The temperature control mechanism has thermal insulation between the gas supply line and the walls.
According to the present invention, suitably shaped walls are introduced into the device to allow gas to evacuate from the glass surface after the coating material has deposited thereon.
The db coating apparatus for flat surfaces of hot glass may incorporate a purging mechanism to disperse the gas evacuated from the glass surface after the coating material is deposited thereon ». The lift can also be put in its proper place.
In the device according to the invention, the gas distributor has a central block and two side members arranged tangential to the central block thus forming a U-shaped guide channel for the gas flowing from the throttle, the channel contours being defined by the first side member and the side wall. the central block., the valley is the wall of the central block and the slag surface, and the second side member and the wall of the central block.
Most often, the first and second side members extend almost to the surface of the moving web and their lower walls are parallel to the surface s, which makes it possible to reduce the minimum of gas oxidation between the glass surface and the bottom walls of the side members.
The subject of the invention is illustrated in the embodiment in na. Fig. 1 shows the device with liquid glass in longitudinal section, ¼ of the tank containing the tub with molten metal, and the gas distributor arranged transversely to the direction of glass ribbon advance near the device outlet, Fig. 2 - distributor with details in section longitudinal along the line II-II marked in Fig. 4, Fig. 3 - the throttle part shown in Fig. 2 enlarged, fig. 4 - throttle in section along line IV-IV in fig. 4, fig. 5 - throttle in side view, partially sectioned along line V-V in fig. 4, fig. 6 - detail of the device used for positioning and supporting the gas divider above the advancing glass ribbon.
In the present construction, the application of the coating takes place near the outlet portion of the tub before the glass ribbon is lifted from the molten metal surface on which the c107 277 ribbon has been formed. In Fig. 1, the molten glass 1 is supplied in the conventional manner through a channel 2 leading from the feed of the glass melting furnace. The channel 2 terminates in a runner having side pieces 3 and a spout 4 and melt flow<sub>5 </sub>glass for the runner, usually soda ash silicate glass, is controlled by a regulating diaphragm 5. The drain chute is located above the outlet wall 6 of the tank consisting of a bottom 7, an outlet <sub>10 </sub>wall 8, and side wall 9.
The tank comprises a basin 10 with a liquid metal, which is usually molten tin or its alloys, and the molten glass flows, as indicated at 11, over the spout 4 of the spout. <sub>lg </sub>directly onto the surface of the liquid metal in the bath 10 through the inlet part of the basin, where the temperature is kept at about 1 & lt; HM & gt; & lt; 0 & gt; C by means of heaters 12. These heaters are installed on the vaulted structure<sub>20 </sub>. 13 held above the reservoir, the structure 13 defining the amount of clearance U existing over the molten metal tub. The vaulted structure has an inlet wall 15 which extends downward almost into the surface of the tub 10, creating an inlet portion 16 of limited height in the inlet portion of the tub. The extension 17 of the vaulted structure extends up to the control diaphragm 5 thus forming a chamber in which the gutter is closed<sub>M. </sub>drain.
At the outlet portion, the vaulted structure also has a wall 19 that extends vertically downward. The lower surface of the outlet wall 19 belonging to the vault structure, and the upper<sub>M. </sub>the surface of the outlet wall 8 belonging to the basin defines the limits of the outlet 20 for the glass ribbon 21. The driven rollers 22 are arranged below the outlet 20 such that their upper surfaces lie right next to it. <sub>Μ </sub>above the upper surface of the outlet wall 8 belonging to the tub, whereby the glass ribbon is lifted at this point gently from the surface of the tub, and after the outlet opening 20 the level on the rollers 22 is already moving. In the clearance space 14, a protective atmosphere is maintained, preferably containing 95% nitrogen and 5% hydrogen. This mixture is a conduit 23 which extends down through the vaulted structure 13, which conduits are connected to one<sub>M. </sub>a common manifold 24. The protective mixture flows outwardly through the inlet port 16 into the chamber 17 inside the discharge pipe.
A temperature gradient is maintained along the surface of the tub, the temperature in the inlet part of the tub is about 1000 ° C, in the outlet part where the ribbon flows out of the tub, it ranges from 576 ° C to 650 ° C in the tubs. At a temperature of 570-65 ° C, the glass is already rigid enough not to be damaged on contact with the rollers 22, but still in a condition that allows it to be lifted off the surface of the tub.
Molten glass 11 flowing over the spout of the 4 gutters <sub>M.</sub> The drain line spreads over the entire surface of the tub to form a layer 25 which is then advanced as web 21. As it travels, the web 21 is cooled and then removed from the surface of the tub. The width of the basin containing the basin between the side-pieces 9 is greater than the width of the web.
Gas supply manifold 26 on pvc<sup>?</sup>The chase of the glass ribbon is placed near the outlet part transversely to the direction of movement of the advancing ribbon (Fig. 1). The divider is placed perpendicular to both the upper surface of the glass ribbon and the direction of its movement. The divider 26 is embossed with them, in more detail in Figures 2, 3 and 4. It comprises a chamber 27 with an exposed front surface in the lower part, the shape of the chamber ensuring a laminar gas flow parallel to the surface area.
The divider 26 (FIG. 2) has a channel element 28 whose cross section is in the shape of an inverted letter "U". This element has two side walls 29:30 and a top wall 31. The channel inside the element 28 is divided by a vertical partition 32 welded to the top wall 31 at the position marked 33. The horizontal elements 34 and 35 are located inside between the side wall 29 and the partition 32. in contact with their lower ends, the elements together forming an elongate gap 36. A second, smaller duct element 37, which has an inverted U-shape in cross-section, is positioned between the side wall 29 and the partition 32, with its lower edges being welded to the positional elements 34 and 35. The horizontal element 38 is welded to both the base of the vertical partition 32 and to the wall 30 located above this element.
Duct elements 28 and 37 together with pos<sup>:</sup>The original elements 34 and 35 form a conduit 39 having an inverted U-shape in cross-section for the flow of a liquid to transfer heat, while a rectangular return conduit 40 is formed by a side wall 50, an upper wall 31, a baffle 32 and horizontal lines. element 38. The inner surface of channel element 37 together with the horizontal elements 34 and 35 form a gas supply conduit 41. The groove 42 has a wafer-like element 43 which is positioned between the support plates 44. The throttle is attached to the underside of the horizontal members 34 and 35 by means of pins 45 which are screwed into a block 40 along the lower corners of the conduit 41 on either side of the slot 36 Element 43 and slot 36 then align.
In Fig. 3, the central wafer-like element 43 consists of similar, corrugated metal strips 47 arranged to form an array of channels 48, each having a small cross-sectional area compared to the cross-sectional area of the conduit. 41 gas supply. These differences result in the supply of pressurized gas to the line 41 via lines 49 at both ends of the distributor (Fig. 4), the pressure drop along the conduit 41 is small compared to the pressure drop along the channels 48. Hence, the element 43 forms an efficiently operating mechanism which allows the gas to be passed along its entire path at virtually constant pressure and temperature. This enables a uniform flow to be obtained across the entire width of the glass ribbon to be coated.
The blocks 50, 51, 52 and 53 form a U-shaped chamber 27. The exposed face extends over the entire width of the glass ribbon 21. The block 50 has a top section 54 and a lower section 55 divided by a layer 56 of fibrous thermal insulation. The suitably shaped block 51 also has a sandwich structure consisting of upper and lower sections, denoted by 57, respectively. and 58, and a layer 59 of fibrous thermal insulation separating them. Layers 56 and 59 control the heat flow between the gas supply conduit 41 and the chamber 27.
A large number of equally spaced parts 60 are welded to the outer surface of the sidewall 30 of the channel element 28. Similar parts 61 are arranged in the branch of the chamber 27 in which the gas travels vertically upwards. The parts 61 separate the blocks 52 and 53. The parts 61 and the block 52 are fastened to the part 60 by countersunk bolts 62 in the part 61. The block 53 is secured by the bolts 63 which are embedded in the parts 61.
Pins 63 also secure horizontally aligned retaining brackets 64 and 65 to the manifold wall. These pins also support a conduit 66 having an elongated slot that forms an outlet for the delivery of pressurized gas.
The surfaces of the blocks 50, 51, 52 and 53 forming the walls of the chamber 27 are smooth and shaped so as to avoid turbulence and only provide laminar gas flow over the glass surface. Additional blocks 67 and 68 are attached to the rear part of block 53 in its upper and lower parts, respectively, thus facilitating gas flow control. The lower auxiliary block 68 is positioned horizontally next to the surface of the gas film, thus restricting the gas flow under the block 53. The upper auxiliary block 67 is positioned horizontally, its beginning at the top of the chimney formed by the blocks 52. and 53. In this way, block * 57 directs the gas escaping from the chimney, thus securing the ribbon of glass from too quickly coming into contact with the gas again. As shown in Fig. 1, adjacent to the chimney outlet formed by blocks 52 and 53, an extractor having a bleed conduit 69 is installed along the manifold. This extractor allows the removal of excess gas accumulating above the surface of the glass ribbon. The bleed conduit 69 is arranged such that the evacuation of the other gas disturbs the laminar flow over said surface.
The liquid to be exchanged, e.g. cooling water, is supplied to one end of a distributor outside the reservoir (Fig. 4). The fluid supply pipe is connected to the conduit 39, so that the liquid flows via conduit 39 to the other end of the distributor and then through an opening not shown in partition 32 to return conduit 40 in element 28. The liquid flows through return conduit 40 to a discharge pipe, also not shown, at the same end of the manifold as the liquid supply pipe 70. This method of supplying liquid ensures that the temperature of the gas supply line 41 and hence the temperature of the gas is controlled therein.
Fig. 2 shows how the blocks 50, 51, 52 and 53 are arranged in the central part of the divider over the entire width of the glass ribbon to be coated. The elongated slit 36 is thus located above the central part of the gas supply conduit 41 and at the same time extends towards both ends of the conduit. Below the above-mentioned blocks, the gas supply line 41 and the cooling water supply line 39 have a continuous bottom formed by a plate which is welded to the walls 29 and 32. In order to prevent gas / gas from escaping from the channels formed by blocks 50, 51, 52 and 53, L-shaped blocks 71 are inserted at the end of each block. The blocks 71 are sufficiently thick to prevent gas from escaping from the area below them.
In Fig. 4, the divider 26 is connected at fixed points 72 and 73 to supporting beams 74 and 75, the left-hand beam 74 rests on the rollers 76 (Fig. 4) in intermittent contours, the latter being located in the body 77. The bolt 78 locks the beam 74 preventing it from sliding relative to the body 77.
. The top view of the body 77 is rectangular. In the corners, this corpuis is supported by four jacks ·. In Fig. 4, the jacks 79 and 80 supporting one side of the body 77 and an analogous pair of jacks are provided on the other side of the body 77. The jacks are mounted on a bed 81, the jacks 79 and 80 being coupled to each other by a drive rod 82 and their respective jacks. the adjustment is made with the handwheel 83. An analogous pair of jacks on the other side of the body 77 is adjusted in a similar manner.
The right-hand side (FIG. 4) support beam 75 rests on supports 84 and 85 arranged transversely thereto. The support element 84 is secured at its ends to a jack 86 and an analogous jack, not shown in Fig. 4, on the other side of the support beam 75. Likewise, the support element 85 is secured at its ends to a jack 87 and a similar jack located on the other side.
107 277 on the side of the beam 75 and not shown in Fig. 4. The jacks 86 and 87 and their counterparts on the other side of the supporting beam are placed on a carriage 88 that follows a track 89. The carriage shown in Fig. 4 is blocked by a bolt 90. Jacks 86 and 87 are coupled to each other by a drive rod 91 and positioned by a handwheel 92. An analogous pair of jacks is adjusted in a similar manner.
Fig. 5 is a section through a supporting beam 74 at a fixed point 72, this section illustrating how to suspend the gas manifold 26 under the supporting beams 74 and 75. The beam 74 consists of three rectangular channels 98, 94 and 95 arranged to form an inverted the letter "U", while channels 93 and 95 form branches of this letter. On the inner edges of channels 93 and 95, there are tracks 96 and 97 along which run the rim wheels marked 98 and 99, respectively. Wheels 98 and 99 rotate about an axis 100 on which they are attached. The body has an axis 100, inside there is a journal 101 located perpendicular to the axis. The suspension element 102 for the gas distributor 26 is mounted on the pin 101 so as to be able to rotate about it, while the tein element is simply welded to the upper part of the distributor 26.
Wheels 98 and 99 are closely matched to the size of the letter "U" formed by channels 93, 94, 95. Hence, despite their ability to. of rotation, the wheels are firmly in their place and, consequently, the pin 101 is at a fixed point 72. In a similar manner, the gas distributor is suspended below the supporting beam 75 at a fixed point 73. To position the distributor above the web 21, (the beams supporters 74 and 75 drive in from dfwu. opposite sides to the tank in the way that the lugs 103 on the support beam 75 occupy a position between the protruding washers 104 on the support beam 74. The support beam 74 moves along the rollers 76, while the ibeil 75 is moved by the humming of the carriage 88 along (track 89 by the temporarily removed column 105. The distributor 26 is then fed by support beams 74 d 75 with wheels 98 and 99, the analogous wheels at point 73 running on the tracks at the bottom of the support beams. If the distributor is positioned correctly, it is locked by locking bolt 106 on bed 81 and supporting beams 74 and 75 are retracted to the position shown in Fig. 4 and locked by bolts 78 and 90.
The position of the gas distributor inside the vessel can be adjusted by pivoting the distributor about fixed points 72 and 73. In Figure 4, the left hand portion of the distributor is connected to a jack 107 mounted on bed 81 and driven by a handwheel 108. W in a similar way, the right part of the divider 26 is connected to a jack 109 placed on the column 105 a, which is moved by means of a hand wheel 1 and 1.
110. The column 105 is bolted to the track 89 at a location between the cart 88 and the tank.
Since the distributor locks effectively at the predetermined points 72 and 73, the jacks 107 and 109 can be used to eliminate vertical deflection of the distributor 26. For example, a skew towards the center of the distributor can be corrected by lowering the jacks 107 and 109 without changing the position of points 72 and 73.
The device also includes a mechanism to counteract any tendency of the divider to rotate relative to the direction of movement of the glass ribbon. To this end, an Ether "U" -shaped bracket 111 shown in Figs. 2 and 4 is fastened by a support 114 to a bed 79, said bracket having branches 112 and 113. Branches 112 and 113 are arranged on both sides. manifold 26. The threaded rods 115 and 116 extend through the threaded holes in the branches 112 and 113 and contact the lower portions of the side walls 29 and 30 of the divider 26. The handwheels 117 and 118 are mounted on the threaded rods 115 and 116 thereby allowing the latter to be adjusted. Bracket 119, similar in appearance to bracket 111, is located on column 105 (on the right side of the gas manifold. Like the bracket 111, it has threaded rods adjusted by handwheels to contact the lower portions of the divider side walls.
By adjusting the threaded rods in the supports 111 and 119 without changing the position of the points 72 and 73, any tendency of the divider to rotate relative to the direction of movement of the glass ribbon can be counteracted. The adjustment of the threaded rods 115 and 116 also helps to align the manifold 26 with the lower - face parallel dk> the glass ribbon. This is achieved by adjusting the position of the divider with respect to fixed points 72 and 73 about which the divider 26 pivots on the plug 191.
The fluid circulation system comprising conduits 39 and 40 is most commonly connected to a supply pipe and a heat transfer fluid return pipe, the connection being made prior to positioning the divider above the glass ribbon. If the manifold is positioned correctly, conduits 49 and conduit 66 are connected to the gas source. The insertion beams 74 and 75 are cooled with a cooling liquid, e.g. water flowing through the rectangular channels inside these beams and through pipes 120 and 121 for the supply and discharge of the cooling liquid, respectively. By cooling the beams, the warping of the beams, which may occur under high temperature conditions, is prevented, and it also helps to keep the divider at a constant height above the glass ribbon.
When the distributor is positioned transversely in relation to the web, its height can be adjusted by means of jacks located on the bed 81 and the carriage 88. These jacks allow the support bars 74 and 75 to be raised and lowered. The gas distributor is positioned in such a way that the blocks
107-277 ii and 53 oraiz hl-oki 71 are located just above the surface of the glass ribbon. In this way, gas leakage from the area below these blocks is minimized. The sizes of block 51 are selected so that, with the blocks 50 and 53 positioned just above the web surface, the portion of the chamber 27 between block 51 and the web<sup>:</sup> glass was of a size that allowed for maintaining the conditions in which the gas flow would be laminar, i.e. the Reynolds number will be less than 2500. In practice, the Reynolds number is generally less than 1000 and most often less than 100. The gas flow (Fig. 2) is in the direction of movement of the glass web relative to the distributor. The apparatus shown in the drawing is particularly useful for depositing silicon-containing coatings derived from SiH silane gas<sub>4</sub>. Since the silane decomposes at temperatures well above 400 ° C, the water supplied through lines 29 and 40 is used to cool the separator, while at the same time preventing premature decomposition of the silane. Water is also passed through the channels of the supporting beams, thus preventing their warping under high temperature conditions. Insulation layers 56 and 59 in blocks 50 and 51 restrict the heat flow from the lower sections 55 and 56 of said blocks to the bottom of the water-cooled distributor portion while allowing the sections 55 and 58 to be heated with heat from the glass web. Hence, the silane traveling into channel 27 is uniformly heated along its entire flow path between blocks 50 and 51. This uniform heating helps maintain laminar flow.
The edges of the blocks are shaped in such a way that the laminar gas flow is parallel to the glass surface. With the flow of silane between the muds 51 and the glass ribbon, the silicon settles uniformly over the entire width of the latter. In order to maintain the laminate flow, it is preferable that the temperature gradient in the duct transverse to the gas flow is not too great. Also, the walls should not be hot due to the undesirable precipitation process of silicon on them. The tench insulation 59 is intended as a means of controlling the temperature of the wall, the latter defining a gas path parallel to the glass surface.
Bays 51 and 53 are shaped in such a way that the gas flowing over the web changes its direction at some point, without disturbing the laminar thread at the rear. The cross-section of the channel between the biots Śi and 53 has a larger area than the cross-section of the channel between blocks 50 and 51 due to the increased gas volume under the influence of heating. The exact value of the ratio of the area of both cross-sections necessary to maintain the flow conditions depends on the operating conditions, composition and properties of the gas used. The gas flow from the nozzle of conduit 66 disperses the gas used for the covering, which exits through the chimney forming through blocks 52 and 53.
The device according to the drawing was used to apply silicon coatings under the following conditions:
Composition of the protective gas 90% by volume - a, gold 10% by volume - hydrogen
Glass ribbon speed: 305 m / h
Glass temperature: 620 ° C
For the coating, silane mixed with nitrogen was used. The feed rate of the gas to be coated was adjusted to maintain laminar flow conditions. As a result, an even application of the coating to the glass was achieved. The speed was thus 50 liters per minute, based on one meter of the length of the divider. Gas composition d<sup>:</sup>it was produced, resulting in different thicknesses of silicon covers, while the gas flow rate was kept constant all the time. Uniform coverage of silicon was obtained with the use of mixtures such as 5% by volume - Siti silane<sub>4</sub>, 5% by volume - nitrogen, b: 10% by volume - SiH silane<sub>4</sub>, 90% by volume - nitrogen, c: 7% by volume - SiiH silane<sub>4</sub>, 3% by volume - hydrogen, 90% by volume - nitrogen.
The thickness, refractive index and optical properties of the coated glass were as follows:
<td>Wavelength at maximum</td><td>(and)</td><td><b)</td><td>(c)</td>
<td>Reflection (Xmax) Refractive index</td><td>4800A</td><td>7I100A</td><td>6000A</td>
<td>lights for the shell Optical thickness</td><td> 3,45</td><td> 4,00</td><td> 3,80</td>
<td>drinkers</td><td>ΙΙΟΟλ</td><td>i7®oA</td><td>1500A</td>
<td>Coating thickness (opthickness / refraction thickness)</td><td>348A</td><td>444A</td><td>395A</td>
<td>Transmission of white light Heat transfer</td><td> 25%</td><td> 21%</td><td> 18%</td>
<td>solar Reflection of rays</td><td> 37%</td><td> 24%</td><td> 28%</td>
<td>solar panels</td><td> 43%</td><td> 54%</td><td> 52%</td>
Color in transmitted light brown green brown
Color in reflected light silver golden silver golden
The method of applying the coatings to the flat surfaces of hot glass and the device intended for this purpose have been described only for the specific case where the glass coating is a layer of silicon. However, the principles of the present invention also apply to other coatings which deposit a volatile phase on a ribbon of hot glass. For this purpose, other gases can also be used, which decompose on contact with the hot glass surface. These include, but are not limited to, carbonyls, preferably iron, chromium, tungsten, nickel and cobalt carbonyl, as well as volatile organometallic compounds, especially acetylacetone compounds with metals such as copper, iron, cobalt. At? When using these gases, the temperature in the divider channels 23 must be high enough to prevent gas condensation on the walls of these channels, and on the other hand low enough to prevent the gas from decomposing before it comes into contact with the glass surface.
If heating of the gas supply line 41 is required, a hot liquid, preferably kerosene, circulating through lines iS and 40 is introduced and circulated for this purpose. In addition to silane, other silanes can also be used for silicon coatings, e.g. higher silanes are used for this purpose bisian. Often silanes are replaced by silanes, the latter being used in admixture with hydrogen. In addition to the above-described coating of hot glass surfaces, the invention may also be used for coating flat glass produced by a vertical drawing process or for coating mirror glass. Coating may be performed before the formed ribbon of glass enters the lehr chamber, or in the lehr where the glass is still hot enough to decompose the gas on its surface.
35 members in 22 offices
Priority claims3
| Document | Office | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2507775 | United Kingdom | A | |
| 197525077 | – | – | – |
| GB19750025077 | – | – | – |
Members35
| Document | Office | Kind | |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE842820A | Belgium | A | |
| IE42834L | Ireland | L | |
| DK258776A | Denmark | A | |
| FI761651A | Finland | A | |
| FI761651A7 | Finland | A7 | |
| SE7606431L | Sweden | L | |
| NL7606069A | Netherlands (Kingdom of the) | A | |
| NO761965L | Norway | L | |
| DE2626118A1 | Germany | A1 | |
| FR2314152A1 | France | A1 | |
| BR7603664A | Brazil | A | |
| BR7603664A | Brazil | A | |
| LU75134A1 | Luxembourg | A1 | |
| JPS5244829A | Japan | A | |
| AR209369A1 | Argentina | A1 | |
| ES448758A1 | Spain | A1 | |
| AU1470276A | Australia | A | |
| ZA763395B | South Africa | B | |
| GB1507996A | United Kingdom | A | |
| CS191974B2 | Czechoslovakia (until 1993) | B2 | |
| NO141714B | Norway | B | |
| PL107277B1This record | Poland | B1 | |
| NO141714C | Norway | C | |
| IE42834B1 | Ireland | B1 | |
| SE418393B | Sweden | B | |
| FI59980B | Finland | B | |
| FI59980C | Finland | C | |
| JPS5717862B2 | Japan | B2 | |
| FR2314152B1 | France | B1 | |
| CA1144825A | Canada | A | |
| IT1062150B | Italy | B | |
| US4469045A | United States of America | A | |
| DE2626118C2 | Germany | C2 | |
| DK153833B | Denmark | B | |
| DK153833C | Denmark | C |
Numbers
- Publication, DOCDB
- 107277
- Publication, EPODOC
- PL107277B
- Application
- 190302
- Application, DOCDB
- 19030276
- Application, EPODOC
- PL19760190302
Titles2
- Polish
- SPOSOB NAKLADANIA POWLOK NA PLASKA POWIERZCHNIE SZKLA ORAZ URZADZENIE DO NAKLADANIA POWLOK NA PLASKA POWIERZCHNIE SZKLA
- English
- METHOD OF APPLYING COATINGS ON GLASS SURFACES AND DEVICE FOR APPLYING COATINGS ON GLASS SURFACES
Classification
- CPC, 6
- C23C16/453
- C03C17/00
- C03C17/002
- C03C17/09
- C03C2217/263
- C03C2218/15
- IPC, 7
- C03B18 14
- B05C5 02
- B05D1 26
- C03C17 00
- C03C17 09
- C03C17 245
- C23C16 453