Untitled record

GLOBAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MANAGING OIL AND GAS ASSETS ON A SUPPLY CHAIN BACKGROUND

1· Field of the Disclosure

The présent disclosure generally relates to a global management system and method for managing oil and gas assets, and in particular, to a global management system and method for managing oil and gas assets in a secure manner and to monitor, alert and respond to illégal activities or problems that may occur along a supply chain.

2. Background Information

The oil and gas industry is typically divided into three sectors: upstream, midstream and downstream, as illustrated in Figure 1. The upstream sector is known as the exploration and production sector. The upstream sector includes the searching and exploration for potential underground or underwater crude oil and natural gas fields (e.g. identification of potential hydrocarbon reserves), drilling of exploratory wells, and subsequently drilling and completion of the wells that recover and bring (produce) the crude oil and/or raw natural gas to the surface. The midstream sector involves the transportation (by pipeline, rail, truck, etc.), storage, and wholesale marketing of crude or refined petroleum products. Pipelines and other numerous transport Systems can be used to move crude oil from production sites to refineries and deliver the various refined products to downstream distributors. The downstream sector refers to the refining of petroleum crude oil and the processing and purifying of raw natural gas, as well as the marketing and distribution of products derived from crude oil and natural gas. The downstream sector provides consumers with products such as gasoline or petrol, kerosene, jet fuel, diesel oil, heating, oil, lubricants, waxes, asphalt, natural gas, and liquefied petroleum gas as well as hundreds of petrochemicals.

In recent years, there has been a major increase of illégal activities related to oil and gas assets. For example, the number of oil and gas thefts in areas such as Texas and

Mexico has increased nearly ten times in the past ten years. Corruption, theft, tampering, stealing and other such illégal activities occur along ail phases and sectors of supply chain, including upstream, midstream and downstream. Pipeline taps, crude oil diversion, trucking hijacks, underground tunnels and stealing oil in refineries are just a few examples of the types of illégal activities that hâve become too prévalent within the industry. With this uptick in activity, there are several challenges faced by the oil and gas industry. For example, events that occur are not always related to one another geographically or otherwise, and provide a chain of fragmented events and incidents. Currently, many different solutions and technologies exist to assist in management, but they are not homogenous or compatible Systems. A lack of coordinated communication and transparency among régions, functions and teams provides various challenges, and a lack of recordability and traceability of events stymies accountability. Thus, it becomes difficult to respond to such events and incidents in a timely manner, if at ail.

As such, there exists a need to provide an intelligent management system that can address the need of monitoring and reporting or alerting illégal activities on oil and gas assets while at the same time increasing reliability, safety, regulatory compliance and environmental responsibility. Additionally, there is a need for a system that prescribes actions on the assets in the upstream, midstream and downstream sectors by remotely monitoring, analyzing, predicting events on this asset, and providing data as an alert to allow for decision making from any location. The term asset, as defined herein, includes ail oil and gas products and infrastructure.

SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

The présent disclosure, through one or more of its various aspects, embodiments, and/or spécifie features or sub-components, provides various Systems, servers, methods, media, and programs for interfacing compiled codes, such as, for example, Java scripts or data mining algorithms.

The disclosure relates to a global management system and method for managing oil and gas assets in a secure manner and to monitor, alert and respond to illégal activities along a supply chain.

In one embodiment, there is a global management system for managing oil and gas assets, including a plurality of industrial control Systems collecting data captured from at least one of a sensor and data collecter; a data intégration module receiving the collected data from the plurality of industrial control Systems and transforming the collected data into clustered events; and a control center performing at least one of monitoring alerts, creating or confirming or classifying alerts and providing decisions based on the clustered events generated from the data intégration module, and having a display and an interface configured to provide visualization of the clustered events and communicate with at least one of the data intégration module, extemal operational support and personnel and resources.

In another embodiment, there is a global management method for managing oil and gas assets, including collecting data, at a plurality of industrial Systems, captured from at least one of a sensor and data collecter; receiving the collected data, at a data intégration module, from the plurality of industrial control Systems and transforming the collected data into clustered events; performing, at a control center, at least one of monitoring alerts, creating or confirming or classifying alerts and providing decisions based on the clustered events generated from the data intégration module; displaying, at the control center, a visualization of the clustered events; and interfacing, via the control center, to communicate with at least one of the data intégration module, extemal operational support and personnel and resources.

In still another embodiment, there is a non-tangible or non-transitory computer readable medium storing a set of instructions for managing oil and gas assets, the set of instructions when executed by a processor including collecting data, at a plurality of industrial Systems, captured from at least one of a sensor and data collecter; receiving the collected data, at a data intégration module, from the plurality of industrial control Systems and transforming the collected data into clustered events; performing, at a control center, at least one of monitoring alerts, creating or confirming or classifying alerts and providing decisions based on the clustered events generated from the data intégration module; displaying, at the control center, a visualization of the clustered events; and interfacing, via the control center, to communicate with at least one of the data intégration module, extemal operational support and personnel and resources.

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In one aspect, the industrial control Systems are for an upstream, midstream and downstream portion of a supply chain for the oil and gas assets.

In another aspect, each of the industrial control Systems for the upstream, midstream and downstream portions are grouped as a single data repository.

In still another aspect, the collected data from each industrial control system is provided to the data intégration module in the form of at least one of: non-secure data, secure data, separately formatted data, commonly formatted data, data with secure attributes, read only data, and non-forgeable data.

In yet another aspect, the at least one sensor is configured to sense data associated with the oil and gas assets traversing a supply chain, the data related to at least one of température, density, humidity, volume, gravity, chemical composition, pressure, weight, pressure variation of a pipeline, différence in weight of a vehicle or fuel volume, GPS localization, timing of a vehicle location, and geographical région, imaging, thermal imaging and the data collecter configured to collect additional data, associated with the oil and gas assets traversing the supply chain, and supplémentai to and enhancing the interprétation of the sensed data. In still another aspect, communication of the collected data from the industrial control system to the data intégration module is a secure communication to ensure integrity of the collected data. In yet another aspect, the data intégration module is a data management module comprising data storage to store the collected data; a data acquirer to acquire data stored in the data storage and create a key value data structure from the acquired data; a data sorter to sort the structured data acquired from the data acquirer for analysis; and a data analyzer to analyze the structured data using computational models and algorithms to identify events, check the integrity of the structured data and secure the structured data to prevent tampering, wherein the data management module generates the clustered events based on the analyzed data.

In one aspect, the control center receives the clustered events from the data management module and confirms classification of the clustered events.

In another aspect, the data management System communicates with a prédiction and prescription engine, which uses machine leaming on the structured data and events as learning sets to classify events, which are compiled as a sequence of events.

In still another aspect, a cluster of events includes one or more events, each event defmed according to a set of rules identified by the data intégration module.

In another aspect, the clustered events link individual events for use by the prédiction and prescription engine to identify and classify events.

In yet another aspect, the clustered events are saved in real-time and stored a secured events.

In one other aspect, when a sequence of clustered events is detected by the data management module, the sequence of clustered events is visually monitored in realtime to supplément and enhance vérification that the sequence of clustered events occurred.

In another aspect, the data analyzer uses data mining algorithms and history adaptation analysis to continually acquire or compute information about the clustered events in an evolving manner.

In still another aspect, the control center receives real-time structured data from the data intégration module for visual display on the display, including recommend actions, decision support and an interface to communicate commands, classification and response notifications to the data intégration module.

In another aspect, the clustered sequence of events is defined as a sequence of measurements from the at least one of the sensor and data collector, and when the clustered sequence of events is associated with an event description, events are flagged and sent to the control center with a probability score indicative of the likelihood that the sequence of measurements will resuit in an identified event.

In yet another aspect, the assets include one or more of products, infrastructure, oil, fuel and gas.

In one other aspect, the data intégration module: interfaces each of the plurality of industrial control Systems and external Systems, combines the collected data from different sources, and provides operators with a unified view of the collected data.

In yet another aspect, visualization of the clustered events includes at least one of dynamically displaying the events and automatically displaying the events based on a prescribed nature of the events.

In another aspect, at least one of the industrial control Systems are a supervisory control and data acquisition System (SCADA), using for example protocols such as MODBUS, OLE for Process Control (OPC), and EtherCAT.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The présent disclosure is further described in the detailed description which follows, in reference to the noted plurality of drawings, by way of non-limiting examples of preferred embodiments of the présent disclosure, in which like characters represent like éléments throughout the several views of the drawings.

Figure 1 is an exemplary supply chain for use in the oil and gas industry.

Figure 2 is an exemplary System for use in accordance with the embodiments described herein.

Figure 3 is an exemplary diagram of a global management System in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure.

Figure 4 is another exemplary diagram of a global management System in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure.

Figure 5 illustrâtes an exemplary embodiment of communication between the data management System and the control center in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure.

Figure 6 is an exemplary diagram of a global management system in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure.

Figure 7 illustrâtes an exemplary diagram of an interface in accordance with one embodiment of the disclosure.

Figure 8A - 8D show an exemplary sequence of events in which the captured data occurs over time to détermine a probability.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The présent disclosure, through one or more of its various aspects, embodiments and/or spécifie features or sub-components, is thus intended to bring out one or more of the advantages as specifically noted below.

Figure 2 is an exemplary system for use in accordance with the embodiments described herein. The system 100 is generally shown and may include a computer system 102, which is generally indicated. The computer system 102 may operate as a standalone device or may be connected to other Systems or peripheral devices. For example, the computer system 102 may include, or be included within, any one or more computers, servers, Systems, communication networks or cloud environment.

The computer system 102 may operate in the capacity of a server in a network environment, or the in the capacity of a client user computer in the network environment. The computer system 102, or portions thereof, may be implemented as, or incorporated into, various devices, such as a personal computer, a tablet computer, a set-top box, a personal digital assistant, a mobile device, a palmtop computer, a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a communications device, a wireless téléphoné, a personal trusted device, a web appliance, or any other machine capable of executing a set of instructions (sequential or otherwise) that specify actions to be taken by that device. Further, while a single computer system 102 is illustrated, addition embodiments may include any collection of Systems or sub-systems that individually or jointly execute instructions or perform functions.

As illustrated in Figure 2, the computer system 102 may include at least one processor 104, such as, for example, a central processing unit, a graphies processing unit, or both. The computer system 102 may also include a computer memory 106. The computer memory 106 may include a static memory, a dynamic memory, or both. The computer memory 106 may additionally or alternatively include a hard disk, random access memory, a cache, or any combination thereof. Of course, those skilled in the art appreciate that the computer memory 106 may comprise any combination of known memories or a single storage.

As shown in Figure 2, the computer System 102 may include a computer display 108, such as a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode, a fiat panel display, a solid state display, a cathode ray tube, a plasma display, or any other known display.

The computer System 102 may include at least one computer input device 110, such as a keyboard, a remote control device having a wireless keypad, a microphone coupled to a speech récognition engine, a caméra such as a video caméra or still caméra, a cursor control device, or any combination thereof. Those skilled in the art appreciate that various embodiments of the computer System 102 may include multiple input devices 110. Moreover, those skilled in the art further appreciate that the above-listed, exemplary input devices 110 are not meant to be exhaustive and that the computer System 102 may include any additional, or alternative, input devices 110.

The computer System 102 may also include a medium reader 112 and a network interface 114. Furthermore, the computer System 102 may include any additional devices, components, parts, peripherals, hardware, software or any combination thereof which are commonly known and understood as being included with or within a computer System, such as, but not limited to, an output device 116. The output device 116 may be, but is not limited to, a speaker, an audio out, a video out, a remote control output, or any combination thereof.

Each of the components of the computer System 102 may be interconnected and communicate via a bus 118. As shown in Figure 2, the components may each be interconnected and communicate via an internai bus. However, those skilled in the art appreciate that any of the components may also be connected via an expansion bus. Moreover, the bus 118 may enable communication via any standard or other spécification commonly known and understood such as, but not limited to, peripheral component interconnect, peripheral component interconnect express, parallel advanced technology attachment, serial advanced technology attachment, etc.

The computer System 102 may be in communication with one or more additional computer devices 120 via a network 122. The network 122 may be, but is not limited to, a local area network, a wide area network, the Internet, a telephony network, or any other network commonly known and understood in the art. The network 122 is shown in Figure 2 as a wireless network. However, those skilled in the art appreciate that the network 122 may also be a wired network.

The additional computer device 120 is shown in Figure 2 as a personal computer. However, those skilled in the art appreciate that, in alternative embodiments of the présent application, the device 120 may be a laptop computer, a tablet PC, a personal digital assistant, a mobile device, a palmtop computer, a desktop computer, a communications device, a wireless téléphoné, a personal trusted device, a web appliance, a télévision with one or more processors embedded therein and / or coupled thereto, or any other device that is capable of executing a set of instructions, sequential or otherwise, that specify actions to be taken by that device. Of course, those skilled in the art appreciate that the above-listed devices are merely exemplary devices and that the device 120 may be any additional device or apparatus commonly known and understood in the art without departing from the scope of the présent application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art similarly understand that the device may be any combination of devices and apparatuses.

Of course, those skilled in the art appreciate that the above-listed components of the computer System 102 are merely meant to be exemplary and are not intended to be exhaustive and/or inclusive. Furthermore, the examples of the components listed above are also meant to be exemplary and similarly are not meant to be exhaustive and/or inclusive.

Figure 3 is an exemplary diagram of a global management System in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure. The global management System GMS includes, but is not limited to, a control center CCC, a data management System, and sensors used for secure measurement. The global management System GMS manages oil and gas assets in a secure manner (or non-secure manner, if désirable) by monitoring for illégal activities on the supply chain, alerting authorities and/or authorized personnel and responding to the illégal activities in an appropriate manner. For example, the System may alert authorities and/or authorized personnel, provide a written report to police or emergency service personnel, forecast or predict data, provide recommendations and/or respond automatically. It is appreciated that the examples provided are non-limiting and that any number of responses may be provided as understood in the art. It is also appreciated that the global management System GMS is not limited to management of illégal activities, but may also be employed during emergencies, accidents, intervention or any other use typically contemplated by a management System. Additionally, as explained in detailed below, the control center CCC utilizes data over time to detect and calculate trends and future events in the clustered events. In this regard, personnel in the control center CCC may be alerted before such events occur when a specified level of probability is reached. Also, as discussed in more detail below, the control center CCC displays (e.g. LCD display) alerts (in addition to normal activity) which reflect events or incidents that are being monitored. The alerts may be used by personnel to contact emergency personnel or provide field intervention, and may by automatically supplied by the control center CCC if authorized personnel do not respond to such alerts within a given time period or after reoccurring alerts.

The global management System GMS is provided information from sensor(s) and data collector(s) located at various geographical positions and régions, and are in the form of any well known sensor or data collecter capable of sensing or collecting data given the nature of the data that it is intending to capture. The sensors are configured to capture and collect data associated with the oil and gas assets traversing a supply chain, the data including, but not limited to, at least one of température, density, humidity, volume, gravity, chemical composition, pressure, weight, pressure variation of a pipeline, différence in weight of a vehicle or fuel volume, GPS localization, timing of a vehicle location, geographical région, flow rate, conductivity, rheology, turbidity, imaging, thermal imaging. Additionally the sensors may sense and collect, sensor status (i.e. fault functioning, disconnect, etc.), strain gauges, weather related data, traffic, vehicle or road condition, wind speed, barometric conditions, rainfall, maintenance data or maintenance date, personal position information (e.g. location of closest fireman or police facilities) radar, motion detectors, RF data, acoustic data, GPS position, data extracted from drones, stock value of petrol, etc. Information may also be collected by data collectors. For example, information and data contained in an SAP™ or Oracle™ repository which could be any data, forecast, purchase of products, tax value, etc.

Sensors and data collectors (sensing and collecting data in the form of secure measurements) may be located in the upstream sector, midstream sector and/or downstream sector of the oil and gas asset supply chain. The data are collected and sent to the gateway (Fig. 6). The gateway is a collecter of data from a variety of sources (e.g. ICS such as SCADA, said ICS using protocols such as MODBUS, , OPC, EtherCAT, etc.) and includes a business rules engine (BRE). The gateway may also collect data directly from the sensor, data collectors or any device providing data within the upstream, midstream and downstream sectors. The collected data may bet transformed into secure (or additional secured) data that includes, for example, a timestamp and various attributes. Once the data is transformed by the gateway, the data is sent (preferably securely) to the data intégration module. Additionally or altematively, the collected data may be stored in a repository or multiple repositories and then sent the global management System GMS, where the clustered events will be generated from the data. It is also appreciated that the collected data need not corne from the sources listed above, but may corne from any internai or extemal source of data.

The data intégration module includes a data management System that stores the data, acquires the data from storage, créâtes a key value data structure from the data, sorts the structure data and analyzes the structured data using computational models and algorithms to identify events. The data is also checked for integrity of the structured data and the secureness of the structured data to prevent tampering. The clustered events are generated by the data management System for use by the control center CCC. The control center CCC (which may comprise processor(s), software, an interface(s), and multiple displays, and/or personnel to control and command information on the global management System GMS, and or, for example, any of the components described in Figure 2, and which may be provided locally or remotely at any geographical location, mobile or otherwise) performs monitoring of events and alerts, créâtes alerts and provides decisions based on the clustered events generated from the data management system. The control center also provides communication with extemal operational support and personnel and resources.

The computations models and algorithms used in the global management system

GMS are not limited to any particular model or algorithm. Rather, it is appreciated that any number of solutions may be used in this system. However, as an example, a data mining algorithm that is a set of heuristics and calculations that créâtes a data mining model from data. To create a model, the algorithm first analyzes the data provided and looks for spécifie types of patterns or trends. The algorithm uses the results of the analysis to define optimal parameters for creating the mining model. These parameters are then applied across the entire data set to extract actionable patterns and detailed statistics. The mining model that an algorithm créâtes from collected data can take various forms, including: a set of clusters (e.g. clustered events) that describe how the cases (e.g. events) in a dataset are related; a decision tree that predicts an outcome, and describes how different criteria affect that outcome. Using the data mined by the algorithms, the system is able to utilize historical data and improve accuracy over time. The accuracy may also be supplemented by human or drone vérification at the location an event occurs, and using the alerts generated by the system.

Figure 4 is another exemplary diagram of a global management system in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure. The diagram illustrâtes a flow of data from the initial sensing and collecting of data at the upstream, midstream and downstream sectors ail the way through any necessary field intervention that may occur as a resuit of the monitoring and alerts provided by the control center CCC. Within each stream (sector), there are multiple technologies, assets and générations of assets. These technologies are not consolidated and therefore not monitored together. The intégration of the collected data interfaces between the various technologies and Systems, provides communication between the technologies and Systems that hâve different protocols and intégrâtes extemal Systems, such as ERPs and the like. The integrated data is formatted, stored and analyzed for use by the (command and) control center CCC. The control center CCC provides an overview of the collected data by monitoring the data provided by the data management system, alerting at the level of the control center (and personnel when necessary) of events or sequences of events and diagnosing and analyzing the data. To the extent necessary, intervention from security and emergency personnel, drones, remote caméras and any other resource capable of intervening or providing intervening measures will be contacted and informed of the control center CCC results. Data gathered and extracted by drones or videos caméras is stored in the repository(ies) of the system for use in future analysis.

Figure 5 illustrâtes an exemplary embodiment of communication between the data management system and the control center in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure. The data management system provides real-time data, event classification and recommendations to the control center CCC based on collected data that has been analyzed, as described above and further below. The control center CCC confïrms the event classifications and responds with a notification to the data management system, which may be securely logged with a timestamp. The control center CCC also performs monitoring of events and alerts, créâtes alerts and provides decisions based on the clustered events generated from the data management system. Notifications and alerts may be presented to, for example, personnel located at the control center CCC or remotely located using any number of interfaces. Interfaces can convey information as visual information, audible information, or in any other form, and may be conveyed using mobile devices as well as non-mobile devices. The control center also provides communication with extemal operational support and personnel and resources. For example, extemal operational support and personnel can provide field of intervention to verify whether alerts are accurate (e.g. whether an explosion occurs, material is stolen), and drones can be mobilized and send on a spécifie régions related to the alerts to verify and can provide visualization to enhance the value of the analysis of the clustered events.

Figure 6 is an exemplary diagram of a global management system in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure. The global management system GMS includes, but is not limited to, a control center CCC, a data management system, a data intégration module, a user interface, a gateway interface, and sensors or data collectors used for capturing data from upstream, midstream and downstream. The global management system GMS may also include or extend to extemal resources such as ERPs, field and resource management, prédictive and prescriptive applications, evidence based event management and existing legacy Systems. It is appreciated that the global management system GMS is not limited to the disclosed components, nor must it include each of the components illustrated in the non-limiting and exemplary embodiment. For example, a supervisory control and data acquisition (ICS such as SCADA) system may replace the collection of data instead of the gateway interface. As noted above, data may be stored in a single repository or multiple repositories.

The global management system GMS manages oil and gas assets in a secure manner (or non-secure manner, if désirable) by monitoring for illégal activities on the supply chain, alerting authorities and/or authorized personnel and responding to the illégal activities in an appropriate manner. The global management system GMS collects the heterogeneous, unstructured and fragmented data from sensors, data collectors and monitoring sub-systems in the upstream, midstream and downstream oil and gas infrastructure (pipelines), to store and process the collected data using knowledge of the oil and gas infrastructure Systems. The data is structured for additional processing and analysis, and the integrity of the structured data is verified and secured to prevent tampering. Eventually, as described above, the data is sent to the control center CCC for personnel to respond to theft or similar operational incidents. This process allows for a more rapid response than compared to current Systems, as well as provide an evidential basis that constitutes material proof admissible in a court of law to support prosecution of criminal offenders. For example, drones may be used to provide on site evidence that an event has occurred.

More specifically, collected data will be acquired and processed in real-time and routed to the control center CCC (which may be in form of a physical command control center and/or an application operationally independent from personnel, or any combination thereof) for appropriate display to command center personnel. Structured data will be analyzed according to computational models and/or algorithms to identify events, where the events can be operational incidents such as those illégal activities described above and also operational problems, which may be identified and displayed to operators in real-time. In parallel (or at another time), the structured data and events may be entered into a prédiction and prescriptive analysis module (prédictive and prescriptive application) that uses machine leaming, as described above, to identify sequences of measurements (Figure 8A) or computed data that are classified as “events” that require some form of action and/or reporting. The classification of an event, previously supplied by the data management system, can be confirmed (by a human operator or machine) and the results sent to the prédiction and prescription module to improve the training set for the leaming algorithm, allowing it to “leam” over the course of time. Using machine leaming, the global management system GMS will learn which sériés of event measurements taken together will indicate that a certain event or cluster of events has occurred. Using the “leamed” events, the system is able to utilize historical data and improve accuracy over time.

The accuracy may also be supplemented by human or drone vérification at the location an event occurs, and using the alerts generated by the system.

The data management system, similar to the control center CCC, may also be in communication with the prédiction and prescription module, which will use machine learning on structured data and events as leaming sets to classify events, which can be understood as sequences of measurements. The prédiction and prescription module provides information to identify probable events (at varying degrees) in the future, or events in progress that may be sent as events to the control center CCC. The prédiction and prescription module can also prescribe the event response most likely to resuit in a positive outcome based on the history of events. Similarly, recognized (or known) trends that occur over the course of time may be used to improve the clustered events to more accurately generate the alerts in the control center CCC.

Figure 7 illustrâtes an exemplary diagram of an interface in accordance with one embodiment of the disclosure. As illustrated, the interface (gateway) receives data from one or more of a variety of sources. For example, the data collected from the upstream, midstream and downstream sensors that are processed by the SCADA Systems is passed along to the gateway interface. In an alternative embodiment, the gateway replaces the industrial control system (such as SCADA) and collects data directly from the upstream, midstream and downstream sensors (Figure 6). The gateway interface transforms (e.g. sorts, formats and modifies) the collected data into secure and formatted data that is compatible with the system, and in particular the data intégration module, prior to being sent to the data management system for analysis by the global management system GMS.

Figures 8A- 8D illustrate exemplary sensor measurements and sensors collecting data along a supply chain in accordance with an embodiment of the disclosure. The control center CCC through the interface to the field and resource management (Figure 6) can take a number of actions based on the real-time data and events received from the data management System. Once a particular sequence of measurements (or sequence of events) associated with an event description is known (i.e. learned by the prédiction and prescription application, events can be flagged in real-time and sent to the control center CCC along with a probability score indicating the likelihood that a sequence of measurements unfolding will resuit in an identified event. In the figures, the shaded boxes represent the values received from a given sensor. Figure 8A shows an exemplary number of sensors l...m that are configured to capture a sequence of events. Figures 8B, 8C and 8D show an exemplary sequence of events in which the captured data over the course of time t represents a weak probability, a medium probability and a high probability, respectively, of the event having occurred (termed here, the event probability).

The event probability is sent to the control center CCC along with a recommendation, such as “Theft possible in Pipeline Section 452, send intervention team to Sector D.” The control center CCC may respond in any number of ways, including, but not limited to, the following: request additional data display for the indicated area in which the event (incident) has occurred; direct drones (U AV s) to the affected area for surveillance or capturing information or for visualization; dispatch intervention teams or humans (such as police, fireman...) to the area to check out the event or what happens in the field; ororder an évacuation of personnel in the field depending on what happens (for example explosion on site during petrol extraction).

To improve efficiency, using the prédictive and prescriptive module, based on past events contained in historical data of measurements and events, patterns may be generated and used from the historical data to assist in predicting future events (incidents) before the sensors and data collectors begin to register data. Using this prédictive data, the control center CCC and personnel operating the control center CCC could be alerted to predicted “hot areas” for theft identified by the system using data in the system, such as time of day, day of week, month or spécifie dates, weather conditions, previous event sequences, and the like. For example, based on a predicted “hot area,” UAVs could be deployed to capture and display video, and intervention teams could be stationed nearby so that the event may be prevented. Or, if the event occurs, the intervention team will be reduced because the relevant resources are nearby. Additionally, the data management System may instruct the control center CCC to automatically display data from the “probable” areas where events are likely to occur, so that personnel may inspect the data and video from those areas to detect anomalies and activities in advance of any occurrence. The global management system GMS may also use a mix of data mining algoritlims and human action to update System data based on events and analysis, with confirmation by personnel on the field or where problems hâve occurred.

It is appreciated from the above that that the global management system GMS is capable of recording the évolution of events, and link them together for providing a history to analyze and improve the data analysis in the data management system. Based on the prior knowledge of events having occurred in the past, historical data and vérification that the events actually occurred, such as a hole being made in a pipeline such that fuel may be stolen, future events can be more accurately predicted and the events themselves may be better interpreted during monitoring and analysis. Additionally, the global management system GMS by virtue of its prédictive and prescriptive nature is able to mitigate corruption by people, for example operating personnel in the control center CCC. Accordingly, it becomes increasingly difficult, for people involved with the illégal activities to avoid détection by deleting data, changing data, paying off personnel monitoring the data, etc.

Significantly, to avoid these types of situations from occurring, the global management system provides: secure and unforgeable data which may not be deleted, alerts based on the corrélation of clustered events that give a high probability of illégal activity, which activity may be displayed to an operator and recorded as alerts that are also unforgeable and may not be deleted. Alternatively or additionally, the system itself may intervene in place of personnel to identify and send urgent information to extemal authorities such as police, fireman, etc. Accordingly, a part of the system is to supply an alternative to human error and inadequacies.

Further non-limiting examples of the global management system GMS, are provided below with respect to the midstream and downstream sectors. In the midstream sector, illégal activities typically occur by diverting or stealing materials. For example, in the pipeline of a supply chain, a hole can be made to pump petrol along the pipeline in an effort to steal, often successfully, the petrol. As countermeasures and in accordance with the objectives of the global management system GMS, the pipeline may be lined with several sensors and/or data collectors that will monitor and collect data from the pipelines. For example, speed of the flow, température, pressure, volume, etc. may be monitored and data collected. The collected data from the sensors and data collectors will be sent to the corresponding gâteway (Figure 6) or industrial control system ICS, and escalated to the data management system and on to the control center CCC, as described herein above. Additionally, the collected data should be updated in a manner that it may be interpreted to provide conclusions and recommendations. For example, if the sensor(s) or data collector(s) only measure the pressure in the pipeline every hour, when the fuel or crude oil is being illegally extracted, the sensor(s) and data collector(s) may not capture the illégal activity. If, on the other hand, the pressure in the pipeline is measured each minute, the sensor(s) and data collector(s) will be able to measure any increase or decrease in the pressure (or any other type of data, such as volume decrease, chemical presence of air or water) indicating that illégal activities are occurring. Linked with the localization of the sensor(s) and data collector(s), a drone or personnel could be sent automatically to the régional location, images could be captured from a local caméra, and the police or emergency response personnel could be notified that the activities are underway.

Another non-limiting example of data in the midstream is a tanker truck transporting crude oil and petroleum. In this example, the collected data is GPS information generated by the trip made by the truck, and the volume of the content of the truck’s tank. If the data collected over time indicates, for example, that the truck is stopping at a location longer than anticipated, or there is a variation of volume of the content of the tank, this may indicate that illégal activities are occurring or hâve occurred. In another example, the truck can be stopped at an ovemight rest area. Since these areas are a known, regular stop for an extended period, volume sensors on the truck may be activated to monitor variations in the content of the tank. In a particular, it may be known that the particular région is known to hâve illégal activities. Together, any change in variation detected by the sensors can be escalated through the data management System to the control center CCC after the data has been analyzed. Authorities can be sent to the location if necessary, and the system’s leaming engines will become aware of the région and expectation of illégal activities in the area, and apply such knowledge in further analysis. The content (assets) could also be marked by chemical or forensic markers to retrieve them when for example, detected in a retail shop or by authorities.

In the downstream sector, a non-limiting example is provided in which collected data includes the volume produced in a refîning factory. The volume data may be linked, for example, with the number of trucks required to transport the truck’s content (fuel) to retails shops. As understood, once the fuel reaches the retail shops, it is unloaded into shop tanks for storage. Here, the volume is transferred and the fuel is distributed. Sensors and data collectors may then be used to measure the corresponding volumes exchanged, and cash generated by the sale of fuel. If the volumes and sales do not match, this could indicate illégal activities, such as embezzlement. This information may also be useful for tax recollection or réconciliation, to estimate the amount of fuel required in a particular région, etc. As appreciate, the data is not only collected, but also stored in a repository and transformed into a sum of clustered events that may be linked, used or analyzed for prescriptive or prédictive action.

Accordingly, the présent disclosure provides various Systems, servers, methods, media, and programs. Although the disclosure has been described with reference to several exemplary embodiments, it is understood that the words that hâve been used are words of description and illustration, rather than words of limitation. Changes may be made within the purview of the appended claims, as presently stated and as amended, without departing from the scope and spirit of the disclosure in its aspects. Although the disclosure has been described with reference to particular means, materials and embodiments, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the particulars disclosed; rather the disclosure extends to ail functionally équivalent structures, methods, and uses such as are within the scope of the appended claims.

While the computer-readable medium may be described as a single medium, the term “computer-readable medium” includes a single medium or multiple media, such as a centralized or distributed database, and/or associated caches and servers that store one or more sets of instructions. The term “computer-readable medium” shall also include any medium that is capable of storing, encoding or carrying a set of instructions for execution by a processor or that cause a computer System to perform any one or more of the embodiments disclosed herein.

The computer-readable medium may comprise a non-transitory computer-readable medium or media and/or comprise a transitory computer-readable medium or media. In a particular non-limiting, exemplary embodiment, the computer-readable medium can include a solid-state memory such as a memory card or other package that houses one or more non-volatile read-only memories. Further, the computer-readable medium can be a random access memory or other volatile re-writable memory. Additionally, the computer-readable medium can include a magneto-optical or optical medium, such as a disk or tapes or other storage device to capture carrier wave signais such as a signal communicated over a transmission medium. Accordingly, the disclosure is considered to include any computer-readable medium or other équivalents and successor media, in which data or instructions may be stored.

Although the présent application describes spécifie embodiments which may be implemented as code segments in computer-readable media, it is to be understood that dedicated hardware implémentations, such as application spécifie integrated circuits, programmable logic arrays and other hardware devices, can be constructed to implement one or more of the embodiments described herein. Applications that may include the various embodiments set forth herein may broadly include a variety of electronic and computer Systems. Accordingly, the présent application may encompass software, fîrmware, and hardware implémentations, or combinations thereof.

Although the présent spécification describes components and functions that may be implemented in particular embodiments with reference to particular standards and protocols, the disclosure is not limited to such standards and protocols. Such standards are periodically superseded by faster or more efficient équivalents having essentially the same functions. Accordingly, replacement standards and protocols having the same or similar functions are considered équivalents thereof.

The illustrations of the embodiments described herein are intended to provide a general understanding of the various embodiments. The illustrations are not intended to serve as a complété description of ail of the éléments and features of apparatus and Systems that utilize the structures or methods described herein. Many other embodiments may be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reviewing the disclosure. Other embodiments may be utilized and derived from the disclosure, such that structural and logical substitutions and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Additionally, the illustrations are merely representational and may not be drawn to scale. Certain proportions within the illustrations may be exaggerated, while other proportions may be minimized. Accordingly, the disclosure and the figures are to be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive.

One or more embodiments of the disclosure may be referred to herein, individually and/or collectively, by the term “invention” merely for convenience and without intending to voluntarily limit the scope of this application to any particular invention or inventive concept. Moreover, although spécifie embodiments hâve been illustrated and described herein, it should be appreciated that any subséquent arrangement designed to achieve the same or similar purpose may be substituted for the spécifie embodiments shown. This disclosure is intended to cover any and ail subséquent adaptations or variations of various embodiments. Combinations of the above embodiments, and other embodiments not specifically described herein, will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reviewing the description.

The Abstract of the Disclosure is provided to comply with 37 C.F.R. §1.72(b) and is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. In addition, in the foregoing Detailed Description, various features may be grouped together or described in a single embodiment for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure. This disclosure is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed embodiments require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive subject matter may be directed to less than ail of the features of any of the disclosed embodiments. Thus, the following claims are incorporated into the Detailed Description, with each claim standing on its own as defining separately claimed subject matter.

The above disclosed subject matter is to be considered illustrative, and not restrictive, and the appended claims are intended to cover ail such modifications, enhancements, and other embodiments which fall within the true spirit and scope of the présent disclosure. Thus, to the maximum extent allowed by law, the scope of the présent disclosure is to be determined by the broadest permissible interprétation of the following claims and their équivalents, and shall not be restricted or limited by the foregoing detailed description.