Untitled record

Λ · S'Å. 03

The present invention relates to a method according to the preamble of the appended claim 1.

The present invention relates to the method of free execution intended device according to the preamble of the subsequent claim 5.

Combating and redevelopment of oil on beaches characterized today by manual labor with simple tools and many people for a long time. The work often means where possible taken-soiled beach party away, · one cuts the reeds, scrapes together grass, seaweed, debris and sand, resulting in large amounts of oily waste. Large stones and rocky beaches flushed or washed. The work takes a long time, is labor-intensive and heavily soiled. Simple hand tool such as hover, grip, spades, shovels and ladles used.

Strand The redevelopment often involves transportation problems. The collected waste is collected in bags or barrels. These are transported to a central gathering place where the waste placed in the container for further transport by truck to eh søppelplass-, other disposal site or recycling point where -man trying to separate waste and oil apart.

The beach clean method recently most often been applied in Sweden "water method", it means that the oil adheres on rocks washed away with hot water under high pressure is sprayed on the rock. The oil flows along with the hot water into the shore where the oil is collected by means of a sorbent and a further spreading of oil is prevented by a lens.

The known method is relatively labor intensive, requires many preparatory measures on site, krever.meget material and equipment and is quite slow.

Furthermore, it considered by some to be environmentally unfriendly by significant for three reasons: 1. It sterilizes the area of ​​the rocks where hot-vansstrålen hit.

2. The bortvaskede oil flows into .strandkanten (litto-. Rale zone) is deemed biologically very vulnerable.

3. All oil that flows down by the waterside sucked not by the sorbent.

The object of the present invention is to eliminate ulem- · »2 neat in the prior art for collecting oil both during redningstjeneste- and decontamination process.

Another object is that the invention provide a readily available equipment as readily available as eg. one slampoppsugningsbil.

Combating and redevelopment of oil on the beach can be divided into the following work phases: 1. spreading • 2 mixing with oil.

3. uptake 4. Handling 5. Disposal methods

BRIEF in a simple, efficient and labor-saving way facilitate these work phases and remove oil or similar products from surfaces such as beaches.

The object is achieved by a method and apparatus of the present invention according to the characteristic features set forth in the appended claims 1 and 5.

The invention will be described in detail with various examples of embodiment and with reference to the accompanying drawings in which FIG. 1 schematically shows a device for oil uptake 'invention according to a first embodiment, FIG. 2 shows a concrete, another example of an apparatus ifølge1 invention. 3 is a schematic partially broken view of a nozzle included in the device in a slightly modified form, Fig. 4 schematically shows a partially interrupted view of two nozzles incorporated in the device of FIG. 2, Fig. 5 shows a further concrete example of a device according to the invention. 6 and 7 show partially interrupted view of a device according to Fig. 5 appropriate nozzle in two operating style positions.

The in figure showed oljeopptagningsanordning is performed as a unit resembling a blow unit. The unit exhibits a blow part 1 with a device 2 from which the discharged compressed air in a compressed air conduit 3 to a nozzle 4. In this unit 2 through the nozzle 4 also leads a conduit 5 for transportation of the agent which forms processing agent or blowing agent for mechanical processing of the oil in the surface where the oil is. For this transport used compressed air thus 3, in the device 2 carried out also in line 5. The unit 2 represents a compressor aggregate, one forrådsbehol.der Sorpe polymerization agent and outputs for outputting this from the container to the wire 5. dispensers can f .g. be an auger, cell feeder or the like. according to the invention the bear beidingsmidlet of sorbent receiving kinetic energy by means of compressed air. The unit also exhibits one sugedel 6 for handling of the resulting mixture of oil and sorption agent. From the nozzle 9 leads a pipe 7 to an AC collecting container 8. The unit 6 comprises a luftejektor and the collecting container 8. This means that the air compressor in the device 2 can also used to create the necessary vacuum in sugedel-one by luftejektoren. The mixture of oil and slush reductant is sucked through the nozzle 4 and pipe · 7 and discharged in the container 8. This container may be a single vessel or constructed as a silo with a valve at the bottom, so that the container can be emptied the i bag or container . The bag can be easily replaced and the container may advantageously easily emptied of their contents.

Further, the invention intended for outdoor use on more or less inaccessible places. On beaches set above all a major requirement for easy movement and long hoses.

In the present invention the processing means of a sorbent for oil, chemicals or similar products. Here you can select any of the usual means occurring in the form of grains or spheres, for example. lightweight concrete, pumice, expanded perlite, ground pine bark, peat 'or sawdust.

The FIG. 2 showed oljeopptagningsanordning is built with the main components work platform 10, the spread unit 11, suction unit 12, nozzles 13, 14, collection container 15, the sorbent 16 and power supply 17.

The apparatus is arranged to be transported by sea and / or countries. All equipment can transporteres.til and from the incident site by truck or by boat / vessel / barge. All components fit on the floating work platform 10. The principal components can be transported by truck or cart to the jetty for ombordlas thing, either-with truck or hand. Initially is responsible are, scheme stationary board, but you can wear 'or bring ashore all the equipment, so that the device can function .uavhengig of vessel / boat / barge.

, ΐ 1 (4

The work platform 10 is a separate area of ​​the injury site, a barge, but may also be a truck ', a vessel or a boat.

Spreading unit 11 constituted by a blowing or fan unit which · spread sorbent through one nozzle 13 with such speed and pressure (equal kinetic energy) that the slush-tion agent penetrated, annexed and mixed with oil. Thereby release oil .underlaget. Thinner layers, ie, millimeters and centimeters thick can thus be "inflated" away from the substrate.

From agggregatets påfyllingsdel where sorbent is filled, for example. a funnel or jar, transported with pressurized air through a hose 18 out of the nozzle 13. In this nozzle 13 can also be mounted a separate compressed air line (corresponding to line 3 in Fig. 1) whose task when needed to amplify "blow effect" ( gives higher pressure and speed of sorbent). The air pressure can thus be regulated.

The adjustable air pressure provides the opportunity under relatively low pressure applying unit to cover a surface with slush reductant '. (If it is not possible to remove the oil, eg. Due date in bird verning areas it may be contaminated portion covered with sorbent for any subsequent redevelopment). '

The spreading can be carried by two people. A person stands by filling part and prime · sorbent. The other . person mounts blow nozzle and spreads sorbent where he will.

The suction unit 12 is arranged to suck. the mixture of oil and slush reductant, which has any inns.lag of water, grass, sand, etc. The suction unit comprises a sugeanord solution which provides the necessary pressure and oppsamlingsbehol-der 20 where the air is separated and the aspirated mixture is collected. The container is designed as a silo with bunntømmeven-through which the silo is passed. The valve is opened when the suction unit is cut off .. In the collection container is connected a suction hose 21 which at its other end is provided with a suction nozzle, 14.

The suction unit 12 is operated by an operator standing by the suction nozzle 14 and holding therein. Emptying the silo takes place on demand and without the operator having to leave his seat.

The container is provided with the rig and / or support legs 5, 1 \ mounting the plastic bag for placing on top of a container or directly on the beach.

The nozzles 13, 14, 30 to scattering and suction units are specially designed. Two main types may be used, the first type is shown .i FIG. 1 and 3. This type is a combination nozzle 4, 30. It combines-the two functions spread ·. tion. and absorption by a single nozzle, which is operated by one person. This nozzle is similar to a blow nozzle with to-bakesug. Those in FIG. 1 and 3, the combination of nozzles 4, 22 are functionally the same structure, but FIG. 3 shows a slightly modified variant of a bottom angled portion adjacent to the nozzle oppsugningsåpning 24 exhibit a bellows-like screen 25 by hvilken- mouthpiece can be deposited on the oil spill 26 on the substrate 27. The nozzle 22 of FIG.

3 shows two substantially coaxially arranged tubes, namely inner tube 28 for discharge of sorbent in the form of particles of suitable size by means of compressed air through a diffuser opening 29, and an outer tube 30 to back of the mixture of sorbent and oil. The inner tube 28 is adapted to be connected the two in FIG. 1 the wires 3, 5, while the outer tube is connected to the suction pipe 7. As in the embodiments of FIG. 2 is engaging and fraledninger respectively to and from the nozzle 4, 22 of tube type, ie flexible and easily movable.

The second type of nozzles 13, 14 shown in the above described embodiment of FIG. 2 and a schematic detail view in FIG. 4. It is thus a separate blow nozzle adapted for supply of sorbent through its spray orifice 31, while another separate suction nozzle 14, adapted to back-off mixture of oil and sorbent through its oppsugningsåpning 32. In this second type handled one example, the two nozzles 13, 14 mechanically independently, suitably by two people, one for each nozzle. By adjusting the air pressure and sorbents kinetic energy can be achieved such a high blowing effect that the oil spill along with Sorp-tion agent moved in the desired direction, so that the damage site can be harvested -Flat for flat mixing being sucked continuing · As the oil spill moved.

The container 15 is constituted of FIG. 2 the example of a container of one kind or another. Alternatively, it may consist of a bag for example. plastic, which is clamped on. ,) "6 collection container under. Plastic bag is carried (transported) to boat, truck or container. When aspirated oil waste has ended up in a container can be transported away mechanically, dispose, disposal elder for use as fuel for example. for heating.

In the present invention the processing means of a sorbent for oils, chemicals and similar products. Such, Sorbent works in two ways. It is both porous, so that oil sucked up (absorption) and has a large surface which oil may adhere to (adsorption).

The amount of sorbent required to absorb a certain amount. amount of oil varies, but it is-at least two volumes of sorbent to occupy a volume of oil.

The invention of this important property of the sorption agent is that it makes that the mixture is free of lumps, so that it can be transported by air in long hoses without these sealed ig.jen.

The transmission required by this system can vary depending on various applications. Suction åvstedkommes However, using an air compressor. The remaining units can be driven by means ay air, electricity or hydraulics.

Uptake of oil can occur during both the plus and minus degrees.

In FIG. 5 shows further · a concrete example of an oil-opptagningsanordning invention. This vote mainly along with the device of FIG. 2 what necessary equipment concerned. Unlike the device of FIG. 2 is the device of FIG. 5 intended å'anvendes together with a combi nation nozzle 33, an example of which is shown in FIG. 6 'and 7. This arrangement is in fact intended to work with interaction between spredningsfunksjoh and suction function and use of the suction no suction unit, but instead ejek-torvirkning the nozzle by means of compressed air fed through a separate air hose, 34 · through a control valve 35 into the nozzle 33. in the nozzle 33 is rotatably mounted an ejector 36, so that it may be switched to the forward direction with its mouth 37 into position for blowing function (Fig. 6) alternate in position bakover.med its mouth in position for suction ( FIG. 7). Instead of pivotability can be ejector front, k 7 provided with an outward and inward muzzle, which alternately kept open. The apparatus is further provided with a grenrørstykke 38 to which is connected a conduit 39 from spreading unit '11 · for sorbent and a drain hose 40 which opens into the container 15 for feeding the sorbent is compressor 17 still attached spreading unit 11 via a pressure air line 44. Via grenrørstykket 38 jets the two tubes 39, 40 together in a common transport long 41 for blowout of sorbent and for picking up this along with oil. . This transport long. 41 is connected to a munnstykkerør 42, the orifice 43 is held by one. operator of oil accident site 26. Grefirøret 38 is suitably provided with a not shown mechanism for controlling the material in the right direction. This mechanism can be implemented in the form of valves or a valve that alternately lukker'tømmeslangens 40 or 39 tilførselsslangens communications · transport hose 41 under the spredningsperio- respectively oppsugningsperioden. This exchange can be done manually, by electric control or by pressure control through the performers pressure changes at ejekto cleaner 36 turn.

. For spread of sorbent is thus suction hose 40 suitably closed by the manifold 38, while the spreading unit 11 and the compressor 17 is engaged, while ejekto-clean 36 is facing forward of FIG. 6. Thereby performed Sorp polymerization agent through line '39 and transfer hose 41 and get an increased kinetic energy by means of compressed air through trykkluf tledningen 34 due to ejector action. Sorbent exhausted thus through the opening 43 and is caused to sorb the oil. When nødvendig'mengde sorbent has been spread through the nozzle 33 is shut off for example. the compressor 17 and the spread unit 11, after which one lets the sorbent operation for a while. Alternatively, a direct heat exchange to oppsugningsperioden performed by direct inversion of the ejector 36 to that of Fig. 7 position shown, after which the suction by ejector action occurring in the mouthpiece 33 and the sorbent with · sorbed oil sucked from the damage site 26. Simultaneously with switching of the ejector position occurs reorganization mechanism in the branch pipe 38 so that its connection with the supply line 39 is interrupted and the compound of the drain hose, 1 * 8 40 opens so sorbent of oil transported in the hose 41 and through drain hose 40 into the container 15 .. it should be noted that the schematic view of Fig. 1 can also be considered to represent it with reference to FIG. 5, 6 and 7 described technique.

There is sand, grass, gravel, shut-, cutting, roller> klebersten-, sivstrender with several who could be exposed to oil damage. It occurs for various types of oils and it may occur, many different types of weather conditions. Because the external conditions are so different and varying, the invention also so designed that it permits great flexibility. Under different circumstances required different working platforms, unlike long hoses, various nozzles, various oil collecting containers and various power supply unit.

As previously mentioned, should this invention, both in the control and eradication of oil in the coastal zone. It is applicable to all kinds of oils (but very stiff) and on all types of beaches except where the oil penetrates into the beach. The oil must be contained in a layer on top of the beach. Sorbent can both absorb and booklet by oil and is therefore applicable both on very thin and very thick (viscous) oils and chemicals. Sorbent must allow absorption and adhesion without chemical reactions occur. The upper viscosity limit is where the "blow" effect no longer incapable to penetrate and turn disrupted the oil layer.

Using different nozzles (combined or separate) may therefore different oils taken up under various conditions. It is probably so for quite sticky and viscous oils or if you will not get a huge spread of sorbent, suitable korabinasjonsmunnstykket his best. For thin oljer- spreader. Dec sorbent through a single nozzle under low pressure so that the thin oil does not blow away. After a certain time sucked mix up with another suction nozzle. For heavy oils diffused sorbent through a single nozzle at high pressure, so that the sorbent penetrates and adheres to the oil that is thereby caused to separate from the substrate. Then the mixture is sucked up by a second suction nozzle. '

Moreover, the invention can apply to all In "ί" 9 types of steel, concrete and wood structures where one will get away oil which have stuck firm, for example. on piers, docks, bølgebfytere, bridges and pilings. In these cases, the combined nozzle preferable.

The invention is not limited to the above described and in the drawings shown examples of embodiment. The nozzles can be designed in different ways. Combination nozzle -can comprise two mechanically interconnected tubes arranged with inner tube attached until the outer tube innervegg.eller the tubes next to each other. By separate nozzles have blåsemunnstyk-dried besides slanted opening, also a special shape that favorably * operates the mixture of oil and · sorbent in the desired direction.

To prevent excessive proliferation of sorbent. also by separate.munnstykker can spray nozzle provided with a screen, for example. in the shape of a half sphere with the concave side facing the substrate.