Oshime sonyubutsu

The present invention relates to diapers and specially disposable disposable diapers or diapers for repeated use which are adapted for better absorbency and which may be used once and then discarded. In a particular application, the disposable diapers according to the invention are used in conjunction with disposable diapers or diapers for repeated use whereby the disposable diaper is discarded after use and thereby enables the use of the diaper again.

Disposable diapers have been known for several years and are gaining ever-increasing recognition among consumers, both in private homes and hospitals and other institutions. This is due in part to the occasional diapers eliminating the storage, washing and folding of the diapers, as required by the conventional woven cotton fabrics.

In order for the disposable diaper to compete with the conventional product, the price must be relatively low and the disposable diaper should be comparable to a fabric bleach as regards absorbency, softness, extent and flexibility.

For both types of diapers, premature replacement will increase the problem of the consumer, either in the form of increased workload cleaning of conventional diapers or at the expense of a newborn diaper. Such early replacement may be motivated by a variety of factors, but mainly due to the effect of partial saturation of the diaper. When an infant turns the diaper partially wet, the harmor or the consumer tends to replace the diaper immediately because it associates the moisture with "diaper rash", odor, ube hag and the like,

Attempting to mitigate the problems with the use of diaper agents, e.g. Absorbent disposable inserts or wadding have for different reasons not been completely satisfactory. In summary, it can be mentioned that the conventional diaper aids 2 are hampered by one of the following disadvantages: a) they are insufficiently absorbent; b) they are uncomfortable to the user. c) They are not suitable for retaining fluid after post-absorption.

It should be noted that names like diaper helper agents; Featherings and diaper posts can be perceived by many years. However, in the context of the present invention, an absorbent material or product used in conjunction with conventional diapers (as opposed to parts of the bleaching structure itself) expresses additional benefits which improve absorbency and reduced leakage from the diaper.

Thus, the present invention is to provide a post for diapers which may be used in conjunction with conventional diapers to provide increased absorbency and as a light caramel removed from the diaper after it is contaminated and discarded, while the diaper may still be used.

The invention further extends to providing a one-time single-bladed insert which enables bleieni to be relatively longer periods of time so that the diaper use becomes more economical.

Another object of the invention is to provide a diaper nappy for diapers having a great ability to keep fluid backing.

IN

Still another object of the invention is to provide a diaper insert for disposable diapers having high absorbency or weak effect initially.

These and other objects of the invention will become apparent from the description of the invention in connection with the drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a diaper insert according to the present invention with single portions opened, as shown in other parts and details of the construction.

Fig. 2 is a section along line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a partial sectional view of Fig. 2 in a larger measuring stick, which shows an average of the diaper in the non-saturated state.

Fig. 4 is a section similar to Fig. 3, except that the diaper insert is saturated with liquid.

Figure 5 is an elevation, partially broken away, of a diaper post according to another but less preferred embodiment of the present invention. 3

Fig. 6 is a view of a diaper insert, wherein absorbent material has curved shape and Fig. 7 θE A view of a conventional diaper reveals the diaper insert in place on the diaper.

A disposable diaper according to the invention comprises a combination of at least one absorbent wadding disposed between a liquid impervious topsheet and a liquid impermeable bottom fabric each made of a hydrophobic material as a plastic film whereby each film is distinguished by a series of vent-like perforations or openings as well as a system depression arranged over the film surface. In Fig. 1 shows a disposable diaper insert 10 comprising rectangular absorbent padding 12, substantially lateral disposition; between a thin flexible bottom web 14 of liquid impermeable material and a thin flexible top fabric 16 of a material that is normally impermeable to liquid, the bottom fabric 14 and the topsheet 16 have a plurality of slits 18 and a system of recesses 22 which will Be further discussed below.

The bottom sheet 14 and the topsheet 16 are approximately the same size and are somewhat longer and wider than the absorbent padding12. The edges of the bottom sheet 14 and the topsheet 16 are sealed alternately around the entire circumference of the post 10, such outer sides of the absorbent padding 12. The sealing can be carried out in an optional conventional manner, e.g. by the use of adhesive, but heat seal is preferred and is indicated by the heat seal line 20 around the periphery of the post.

The absorbent padding may comprise multiple layers of absorbent paper or a wadding stacked for desiccation. The wet layer does not have to be glued to each other but since it has become common to bond the layers together mechanically, with adhesive or otherwise in order to maintain the relative position of the layers and the absorbent wadding form, this can also be accomplished by the wetting according to the invention. The watering can be stacked to the desired thickness, and the absorbency can be adjusted for special use.

Other absorbent material than absorbent papirog wadding will of course be useful in the post according to the invention. For example, absorbent nonwoven coatings of optional thickness are prepared as a replacement for the wetting discussed above. Such absorbent fabrication, which is widely used in disposable diapers, is a wood pulp product. called three-fluff and similarly made non-woven fabric. Also, this absorbent wadding type is thus applicable to the posts of the present invention.

The only criteria for applicability in connection with the invention are that the material is absorbent, that it can be made in the form of a wetting that it is compatible with the debris which it will come into contact with and that it is not irritating to the skin.

Different natural and synthetic polymer materials are themselves absorbent or may be highly absorbent and therefore may be used as or in combination with the absorbent wadding of the invention. A group of polymers which are particularly preferred are insoluble hydrophilic homopolymers and copolymers which form a gel after water absorption. Dissolvents have the obvious advantage that they hold on liquid and prevent liquid from being released from the absorbent wadding, leaking out or wetting the skin or clothing with which the absorbent object is in contact. In particular, particularly suitable materials insoluble hydrophilic polymers are made of the following starting materials: poly (alkylene oxides) e.g. poly (ethylene oxide), polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl methyl ether, copolymers of maleic acid anhydride and ethylene,

Insoluble hydrophilic polymers, sometimes called "hydrogels", are highly useful in the present invention because they have the ability to absorb very large amounts of water - in the order of 25 to 100 times their dry gravity weight.

The term "insoluble" or "insolubilization" shall, in connection with these polymers, denote the formation of angel * which does not flow, does not expel water under the pressure of summer occurrence arising from the use of the products mentioned above.

The insolubilization can be achieved by a variety of methods, including but not limited to ionizing and nonionizing radiation and chemical crosslinking by covalent and ionic bonding. 5

A particularly preferred hydrogel for use in compositions according to the invention consists of at least one hydrophilic polymer of the general formula

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which is crosslinked and wherein R 1 is selected from a group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl radicals and alkyl substituted aryl radicals, and wherein R 1 -R 4 is selected from a group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, phenyl and vinyl radicals and n is greater than 1.

The hydrogels are polymeric compounds which at least comprise one of the structural units shown below: "in R2 V. 1 HH 1 1 b 1 R3 R4

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wherein R 1 -R 3 is selected from a group consisting of hydrogen, methyl, phenyl and vinyl radicals. Such hydrophilic polymers may include carbon-carbon crosslinking between unbranched carbon atoms and carbon atoms for branched methyl groups and furthermore a very small non-integer number of bonds may comprise two oxygen atoms in the bonding with the carbon atoms. 6

The polymeric gel compounds may contain crosslinks present as intermolecular bonds (e.g., between two different molecules) and intramolecular bonds (e.g., between carbon atoms in the same molecule) and combinations of intra and intermolecular crosslinks,

The hydrogels may be used in the diaper construction according to the invention in the form of thin transparent cloths arranged in the form of or instead of the wetting layer of the absorbent wadding orts they can be leased into the fibers of the absorbent wadding sometime powder or in the form of pieces. The manner in which the materials are incorporated into the water is not critical, since only the polymers come into contact with the liquid which penetrates through the topsheet of the absorbent article.

The. Materials used for the manufacture of the top fabric and the bottom blanket for the diaper system according to the invention are not limited to a particular chemical composition, since they are their physical properties rather than their chemical properties which are of importance to the subject matter of the invention. Discs should of course be thin, flexible, self-supporting and essentially water-impermeable films. Preferred thermoplastic films that can be heat-sealed to each other. The blanket and topcoat may be an olefin or vinyl film. Sometimes illustrations include polyethylene with a thickness of 0.4 tilca. 1.5 miles. This film type has previously been widely used for disposable diapers and often has an embossed pattern in the surface to simulate the appearance of clothing.

Any film useful as a bottom canvas is also useful as a top fabric for the absorbent disposable-disposable invention. However, it is preferable that the liner and top fabric be used and film which is more widely sensed and looks like fabric. A film that has been found to be particularly useful is an ethylene-ethyl acrylate film. This copolymer is substitute-like and softer and stronger after dissection than polyethylene film. The film should have a thickness of 0.4 to about 2.0 goals, with, approx. 1.0-1.5 mil as preferred thickness.

As mentioned above, the top and bottom fabric is made of a substantially liquid impermeable material and must be provided with 7. valve-like apertures to act as a diaper insert according to the invention.

In the context of the present invention, the term "valve-like" means perforations in the bottom and top blanket that are capable of opening and allowing passage of fluid under certain conditions, and to close again to accommodate fluid passage under certain other circumstances. When opened, the valve-like perforations should have the ability to allow at least 20 ml of liquid to pass within 10 seconds when an area of ​​approx. 2 129 cm is wet. These openings can be of two basic types, in the essential straight slits and punctures.

Slots that are appropriate in the present invention must be substantially correct. If they offered, V-shaped or have a different shape, they will form flaps on the surface, which can easily open and tend to open. Although such slits allow sufficient fluid, you pass in the direction of absorbent watering, they insufficiently help to reduce the backflow of liquid, and the main object of the present invention is to deteriorate. The same drawback applies if gaps are formed in the film when removing film pieces, as opposed to puncture without removing film material. The film remains open for uncontrolled passage of liquid in both directions.

Figure 1 shows a preferred arrangement of slots. Slots 18 are arranged in longitudinal rows so that each extends a longitudinal series of substantially parallel straight slots, each of which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tire. Near-lying rows are arranged in a similar manner except that the slots are arranged such that the end point of each slot lies on a line substantially between the end points of match latches in adjacent rows. The slots should each have a length of atca. 0.76-6.3 mm. Preferably, it is arranged from about 6 / to approx. 25 / slots per. cm .with each diss in a length of 1.77-5 mm. 2

A particularly preferred film contains about 13 / slits per cmmed a length of about 2.5 mm.

The slots may be formed according to the method as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 3,762,255. Briefly, this patent discloses a method and device for penetrating thinned film material, such as plastic film, wherein the film material is passed through a piercing member with several independent post-8 reversed protrusions and a counterpart with a net-shaped outer surface. The penetration member or counter member is moved relative to the other means whereby the resilient protrusions follow the web-shaped surface and selectively cut through the film. The penetration means may be a metal cam, a wire brush or a single metal strip with a plurality of substantially parallel slots extending from one edge of the member toward the opposite edge limiting the resilient protrusions. The counter member may be threaded wire mesh, a perforated metal sheet,

The deepened areas 22 (recesses) are distributed top and bottom cloth in the manner shown in Fig. 1-4, It will thus be seen that the bottom sheet 14 and the topsheet 16 have a plurality of recesses arranged in front of parallel rows along the top of the top and bottom fabrics (Figure 1) extending the top and bottom webs 2 and 3). These recesses can be circular. ellipse shaped, rectangular, diamond or similar shape. The main thing is that they are designed so that the tablecloth is not broken down during or after the manufacture of the recesses.

One can not attain all of the advantages of the invention if the bottom or top fabric is cut or melt to a degree that prevents the passage of liquid into the absorbent padding (which is the view of the valve-like openings). It will be apparent that liquid will pass through cuts or fractures that may occur during the preparation of the recesses when the absorbent watering is not saturated and that these entrances also include wild pores for reflux of liquid through the topsheet such as in contact with the infant's skin when the absorbent padding saturated or partially saturated.

For this reason and for the sake of simplicity it turns out that a circular form of the recesses as shown in Fig. 1-4 is preferred.

Depths can be formed in top and bottom fabric in a variety of ways. The lightest and therefore preferred method comprises the use of a roller equipped with heating means and eternal spikes or the like which extend across the width of the roll 9 and around its circumference. The spikes or the like like smooth, rounded ends can be placed as desired on the roll that they form the desired number of diapers for the diaper insert. The recesses are preferably placed on the film material after the valve-like apertures, and this can be done when the blind insert with the valve-like openings is moved in conjunction with the heated roller. By this method, the wiper insert is supported against a resilient counterpart, such as one-piece conveyor belt or a resilient counterpart, Depth of depth can be regulated by limiting the depth to which the piggenee presses the film. If desired, parts of the top and bottom can remain untreated form (without dimming). achieved uver an approx. 25.4 mm wide edge along the perimeter of the bottom and top. Since each cloth or film is thermoplastic, the heat and pressure applied to the areas should be treated carefully to avoid puncturing the material. Later, the necessary heat must be sufficient to soften the film and the necessary pressure peels sufficiently to plastic to deform the film into the piggeneral form. It should be noted that the correct heat and pressure naturally depends (inter alia) on the time the treated water ring is affected, i.e. the duration of the contact between the watering and the roller,

Figures 3 and 4 show that the preforms .22 extend slightly beyond the plane of the web 14 and the topsheet 16 and that the absorbent material 12a immediately below (or above) each depression is in a compressed state. At the place where one exploration over a portion of the slit 18 is seen, slots opened much more than corresponding slots as befinnereg in the distance from the recesses 22. Due to the depth of gravity placement, the slots located between corresponding indentations, however, opened in greater than it would be if there were no specializations, this attributed the fact that. pressures exerted against the top and bottom of the underside of the recesses make the slits open slightly under the influence of the stretching of the fabric. Parts of the compressed, absorbent padding is found in connection with these open slits and because of this connection, a growth effect is achieved in an unprecedented manner. In most cases, the growth effect is immediate. When the liquid transfers the absorbent wadding 12, it will absorb the liquid over its entire area until partially or full saturation is reached. As will be apparent from Fig. 4 (showing a saturated absorbent dilation), the compressed material 12a has expanded and squeezes the recesses 22&gt; closer to the top and bottom webs, respectively. This helps to close the previously open slots so that the bulk of the liquid is caught in the absorbent quilt. In most cases, the growth effect is immediate. When the liquid transfers the absorbent wadding 12, it will absorb the liquid over its entire area until partially or full saturation is reached. As will be apparent from Fig. 4 (showing a saturated absorbent dilation), the compressed material 12a has expanded and squeezes the recesses 22&gt; closer to the top and bottom webs, respectively. This helps to close the previously open slots so that the bulk of the liquid is caught in the absorbent quilt. In most cases, the growth effect is immediate. When the liquid transfers the absorbent wadding 12, it will absorb the liquid over its entire area until partially or full saturation is reached. As will be apparent from Fig. 4 (showing a saturated absorbent dilation), the compressed material 12a has expanded and squeezes the recesses 22&gt; closer to the top and bottom webs, respectively. This helps to close the previously open slots so that the bulk of the liquid is caught in the absorbent quilt. the compressed material 12a has expanded and squeezes the recesses 22&gt; closer to the top and bottom webs, respectively. This helps to close the previously open slots so that the bulk of the liquid is caught in the absorbent quilt. the compressed material 12a has expanded and squeezes the recesses 22&gt; closer to the top and bottom webs, respectively. This helps to close the previously open slots so that the bulk of the liquid is caught in the absorbent quilt.

Accordingly, according to the present invention, masculine weak effect and absorption during the critical period are obtained, hair tightening (as a result of urination, etc.) occurs, while transfer of liquid from the absorbent backbone back through the same slits is substantially reduced as a result of combina- the valve-like effect of the slots and recesses.

The penetrations can be arranged on the absorbent article in different patterns. The general pattern may thus be a space-shaped, curve-shaped, a fishing-bone pattern or the like. The preferred pattern is a system of substantially straight, advanced parallel rows along the top of the topsheet. Number-2 easy recesses per. cm absorbent padding can be used.

The advantages and growth effects of the depression slice combination are described in detail in the applicant's U.S. Patent No. (U.S. Patent Application No. 312131). Slice sizes and recess sizes, as the frequency of them is specified there. The main difference between the absorbent article described in the patent and the diaper insert according to the invention is that the diaper insert is both sides, that is, the top and bottom cloth slotted and recessed so that rapid absorption is possible on both sides of the diaper insert. As shown and discussed in the above-mentioned patent, improvements are thus recorded using only 0.15 recesses (with a diameter of about 1.3mm) 2 per. cm. Good results are achieved when as much as 16 recesses (with a diameter of about 1.3 mm) per. cm is used. It should be noted that the number of recesses per, cm depends on the size of the recesses. As a rule, the total area covered by pre-dips should not exceed 20 $ of the absorbent material's alloy. Excellent results are achieved when the total recess area is from up to 12 $ of the area of ​​the absorbent material. 11

Preferably, it is arranged from about 3 to about 3 »9 deep, 2 \ n (diameter 0.25 mm per cm) Jav absorbing material, and particularly advantageous, it is to provide from about 1 to about 2.32 per cent,

In general, the recesses can have a diameter of about 0.63 - 6.3 mm. From a functional and aesthetic point of view, it is preferred that the recesses have from about 1.9 to 3.8 mm diameter.

In another, but less preferred embodiments, the recesses provided in conjunction with the diaper insert of Figure 5, wherein the slots 18 are shown in straight parallel rows.

This diaper insertion can be achieved in different ways. In a preferred technique, a thin film of thermoplastic material, such as an ethylene ethyl acrylate film, is desired thickness in the manner discussed above. Following the diaper insertion, more or less conventional production methods follow. The top and bottom sheets are cut into approximate dimensions that correspond to the desired size of the finished post. The size may vary in accordance with the desired application, e.g. the rectangular shape may have a width of 10-15 cm and a length of 25-45.7 cm.

The top and bottom cloth is placed over each other with a detachable cushion placed between them, large, mid-facing. The absorbent padding should have a slightly smaller width and length than the top and bottom fabric so that the fabrics can be sealed around the circumference. A protruding edge of approx. 12.7 mm on each side will suffice. Sealing may suitably occur by heat sealing of the edges. The heat seal can also be used for simultaneous cutting of the edges, so that excess dukmateria ale is removed from the diaper insert, which makes the sheep look better.

If desired, the absorbent wadding may have an hourglass shape. In this case, and in order for the production to be facilitated, only the absorbent wadding has hourglass shape. The bottom and top can be rectangular so that the heat seal becomes easier.

From Fig. 6, in which like parts are designated by the same reference numerals, it is apparent that the absorbent padding 12 has an hour glass shape and is sandwiched between the bottom sheet 14 and the topsheet 16. The topsheet and the blanket are substantially rectangular. This embodiment has only been proposed for the sake of production, as it is clear that bottom and top fabric can also be given substantially hourly glass form, corresponding to the shape of the absorbent padding.

The abdominal insert of the present invention can be used in conjunction with conventional disposable diapers or diapers for repeated use. The insert is normally placed on the diaper as shown in Figure 7, the post 10 being placed on the side of the diaper 24 which will normally come into contact with the child's skin. The diaper 24 as shown in Fig. 7, is the one-time-type-type "wing" fold form. This fold makes it possible to use the user blade insert without fastening means, as the post can be held by the edges formed by the wing folds. In other designs, it may be necessary to use fasteners, such as tape or similar, to prevent the post from wandering when in use. Such fasteners are well known and need no detail. When the diaper insert is in place on the diaper, it will allow rapid absorption of liquid through the top fabric. However, when a lot of fluid is flowing at once, liquid can flow around the post, between the bottom of the post and the absorbent surface of the conventional diaper. The bottom of the side insert also is able to absorb liquid, as discussed above, some of the liquid will be absorbed by the insert through the bottom fabric so that the liquid flow to the diaper itself is restricted.

Surprisingly, it has been found that the combination of the bleach insert and the diaper results in the diaper insertion and diaper total absorption of a disproportionately greater amount of liquid than the absorbent absorbent material in the insert was added to the diaper absorbent material as part of the diaper itself. In other words, the total absorption rate is greater when the diaper insert and the bleach are used as mentioned above as opposed to the use of enbleie without posts but with the combined amount of absorbent material of the diaper and the post,

The slit-recessed construction results in fluid-tightness being absorbed and retained by the post in the manner described. When the post becomes saturated or partially saturated, consumers need to replace the post while the diaper itself can be used. This, of course, means a saving in time and effort, and very desirable from a practical economic point of view.