Providing network connectivity and access to content and communications via moving objects

PEDRO DAVID FRAGOSO LOPEZ|00001000000405457619|Administration Service

Tax|1052||MX/2021/474|MX/a/2017/003417|PCT patent title|1220|RRGO|Page(s) zhC+1 wMoz0d4D4FLNV1 gS2644lo=

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MX/2021/474 www.gob.mx/impi

Arenal No. 550, Pueblo Santa María Tepepan, Mexico City, CP 16020. CDMX

Creativity for Wellbeing «

£

IMPI

NETWORK CONNECTIVITY AND ACCESS TO CONTENT AND

COMMUNICATION THROUGH MOVING OBJECTS

Background of the invention

There is a variety of Internet connectivity solutions such as wired, DSL, fiber optic and wireless solutions such as 3G/4G LTE and WiFi. However, about two-thirds of the entire world population is in remote areas that are not yet connected to the Internet.

Brief description of the invention

A brief simplified description of the invention of the disclosure is presented below in order to provide a basic understanding of some of the aspects described herein. This "brief description of the invention" is not an extensive synthesis of the claimed subject matter. It is not intended to identify key elements of the claimed subject matter or to delineate the scope of the claimed subject matter. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of the claimed subject matter in a simplified manner as a prelude to a more detailed description that follows.

An implementation provides a moving object that provides network connectivity. The moving object includes a moving object uplink device for connecting it to an available public computer network. The object in

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σι motion also includes a moving object downlink device to be communicatively coupled to a remote device on a specific segment along a moving object path. The remote device is for providing data received via the downlink device to a user. The moving object further includes a cache communicatively coupled to the uplink device and the downlink device.

Another implementation provides a method that provides network connectivity through moving objects. The method includes sending data to and from a network via a first uplink device on a first moving object.

The method also includes sending data to and from a remote device via a first downlink device on the first moving object.

The method further includes establishing a transfer connection between the first and second moving objects.

The method also includes establishing a downlink between the remote device and a second downlink device of the second moving object. The method also includes migrating and sending data to and from the remote device to the second downlink device and a second uplink device on the second moving object from the first downlink device via the transfer connection.

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Another implementation provides one or more readable media

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U1 by computer that provide network connectivity through moving objects.

The one or more computer-readable media includes a variety of instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to determine an available spectrum via a dynamic spectrum access. The variety of instructions also causes the processor to downlink to a remote device by downlinking a moving object using the available spectrum.

The variety of instructions also causes the processor to downlink to a remote device via a moving object downlink device using available spectrum. Furthermore, the variety of instructions causes the processor to establish an uplink to an available public network via an uplink device of the moving object using a different portion of the spectrum. The variety of instructions also causes the processor to send and receive data to and from a remote device. The data must be relayed, to and from the network, via the uplink device.

Certain illustrative aspects of the claimed subject matter are set forth in detail in the following description and accompanying figures.

These aspects are indicative, however, in some of the various ways in which £

IMPI σί Principles of Innovation and Claimed Subject Matter is intended to include all of these aspects and their equivalences. Other novel characteristic advantages of the claimed subject matter will become apparent from the following detailed description of the innovation when considered in conjunction with the figures.

Brief description of the drawings

Figure 1 shows the block diagram of an example of a computer system to provide large-scale Internet connectivity.

An example of an aircraft providing large-scale Internet connectivity for the implementations described herein is shown in Figure 2A;

according to

A diagram of an exemplary aircraft providing large-scale Internet connectivity, in accordance with the implementations described herein, is shown in Figure 2B;

Shown in Fig. 2B is a distance connection and duration diagram of an exemplary aircraft in accordance with the implementations described herein;

Figure 3 shows the diagram of an example of migration of a connection between two planes, according to the implementations described here;

An exemplary uplink using a satellite is diagrammed in Figure 4A;

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Figure 4B shows the diagram of an exemplary uplink ιι using a direct relay;

An exemplary uplink diagram using a peer-to-peer relay is shown in Figure 4C;

Figure 5 shows the flow chart of a detailed process of an example of a method to provide network connectivity.

Internet using an aircraft;

The figure shows the flow diagram of a detailed process of a descender between

In figure 7 example of method for the aircraft;

migrating a link shows a block diagram with a tangible, computer-readable storage medium that can be used to provide Internet access via aircraft.

Detailed description of the invention

As preliminary matter, some of the figures describe concepts in the context of one or more structural components, several of which are called functionalities, modules, features, elements, or the like. The various components shown in the figures can be implemented in any manner such as software, hardware, firmware, or combinations of these. In some implementations, multiple components reflect the use of corresponding components in a current implementation.

In other implementations any single component shown in the figures can be implemented for a number of

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current components. The description of any two or more

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U1 separate components in the figures may reflect different functions that are performed in a single current component. Figure 1 described above provides details regarding a system that can be used to implement the functions shown in the figures.

Other figures describe concepts in flowchart form. In this way, certain operations are described as distinct blocks performed in a certain order. These implementations are exemplary and not limiting. Some of the blocks described in this document may be grouped together and performed in a single operation, certain blocks may be separated into multiple component blocks, and certain blocks may be performed in an order that differs from those shown here, including in parallel. The blocks shown in the flowchart can be implemented by software, hardware, firmware, manual process, or the like. As used in this document, hardware can include computing systems, discrete logic components, such as application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or the like.

In terms of terminology, the phrase "configured to" encompasses any way in which any type of functionality can be constructed to perform an identified operation. The functionality may be configured to perform an operation using, for example, software, hardware, firmware, or the like. The logical term σι

IV encompasses any functionality to perform a

IMPI task. For example, each operation shown in the flowcharts corresponds to the logic to carry out that operation. An operation may be performed by software, hardware, firmware, or the like. Component Terms

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IV system and the like may refer to computer-related entities, running hardware and software, firmware, or combinations of these. A component can be a process running on a processor, an object, an executable, a program, a function, a subroutine, a computer, or a combination of software and hardware. The term "processor" can refer to a hardware component, such as the processing unit of a computer system.

In addition, the claimed subject matter can be implemented as a method, apparatus, or article of manufacture that uses standard engineering and programming techniques to produce software, firmware, hardware, or any combination of these to control a computing device and implement the disclosed subject matter. The term article of manufacture, as used herein, is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from any computer-readable storage device or medium.

Computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to, magnetic storage devices, e.g. hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic stripe, optical disk, compact disk (CD), versatile disk

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digital (DVD), smart cards, flash memory devices

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U1 among others.

Computer-readable storage media, as used herein, does not include propagation signals. Conversely, computer-readable media, ie, non-storing media, may include communication media such as transmission media for wireless signals and the like.

As mentioned before, about two-thirds of the population lacks access to the Internet. A major obstacle in providing the Internet to most of the world is the cost of establishing reliable infrastructure in remote communities. The traditional method of extending service by installing communication towers, laying cables, and building electronic centers is cumbersome with many financial and political challenges.

Aircraft currently use high frequencies (VHF) to transmit flight information to traffic control towers.

Automatic Dependent Surveillance System (ADS-B) is currently used as technology to track aircraft and has been selected as part of the

Next Generation Air Transport System (NextGen). Nowadays, commercial airplanes also offer connectivity of

Internet to passengers on board through satellite services.

In accordance with the implementations described herein, a wireless network can be formed for connectivity

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large-scale computing network using existing moving objects. For example, a moving object may include vehicles such as motor vehicles, watercraft, spacecraft, and/or aircraft. In some examples, an aircraft may be an airplane. As used here, a computer network refers to a global system of interconnected computer networks that use a suite of standard Internet protocols to link computing devices. Computer networks may generally be referred to in this document as "the Internet." As used herein, an aircraft with a predefined route and whose purpose is primarily to provide transportation services includes aircraft, commercial aircraft, such as passenger and cargo aircraft, as well as general aviation aircraft. Aircraft also include air balloons, gliders, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), helicopters, and the like.

The aircraft may be configured to fly on a predefined route and for the primary purpose of providing transportation services. In implementations, remote Internet users can connect to the aircraft via downlinks that can be direct wireless connections to the aircraft or co σι ground stations that relay data communications between aircraft and end users. As used herein, a downlink refers to a connection from data communications equipment to data terminal equipment, such as subscription devices. In turn, the aircraft are connected to a backbone Internet network through links

Upstream IMPI which may include satellites, other aircraft, and ground stations. As used herein, an uplink refers to a connection from data communications equipment to a core network such as an Internet backbone. A major drawback of the proposed alternative balloon and dedicated aircraft solutions is cost and thus scalability in remote regions.

Therefore, the implementations described here use existing infrastructure, aircraft, and locally available spectrum. In some implementations, the downlink can use dynamic spectrum access to use locally available spectrum to offer Internet service. As used herein, dynamic spectrum access refers to techniques for utilizing spectrum holes or blank spaces in authorized spectrum bands.

Therefore the present implementations provide a cost effective method of providing Internet to remote regions.

In implementations, the system can work in real time or it can be based on caching and updates. In some examples, ground stations and/or personal devices may have a caching application to communicate with aircraft.

In addition, in some implementations, the system can insert data into existing communications channels such as

IMPI Automatic Dependent Surveillance System (ADS-B) channels described in detail below, for use <©

U1 efficient existing spectrum resources.

In the block diagram of an example of a computer system that provides connectivity to the Internet on a large scale. The computing system 100 can be, for example, a personal mobile device, a laptop, a desktop computer, a tablet, a server, an airplane computer, or a computer on a moving object among others. Computing system 100 may include a processor 102 adapted to execute stored instructions, as well as a memory device 104 that stores instructions that are executable by processor 102. Processor 102 may be a single core processor, a multicore processor, a cluster of computers or any number of other configurations. Device 104 may include random access memory, read only memory, flash memory, or any other suitable memory systems.

Memory device 104 includes computer readable storage media including volatile and non-volatile memory.

The basic input/output system (BIOS), which contains basic routines for transferring information between elements of a computer 502, such as boot duration, is stored in non-volatile memory. By way of illustration, but not limitation, nonvolatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM

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(EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) flash memory. Volatile memory includes random access memory (RAM), which acts as an external cache. By way of illustration, but not limitation, RAM is available in many forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), Dynamic RAM (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDR, SDRAM) , Enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), SynchLink™

DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus® Direct RAM (RDRAM), Dynamic RAM

Direct Rambus® (DRDRAM) and Rambus® Dynamic RAM (RDRAM).

Instructions that are executed by processor 102 may be used to relay Internet traffic through an aircraft. For example, the instructions can cause an aircraft to downlink to a remote subscriber and provide Internet services. In some implementations, instructions can be used to cache data.

As used in this document, caching refers to transparently storing data so that future requests for the data can be delivered faster, as well as transparently storing data for delayed transmission.

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The processor 102 may be connected via a system bus 106 (eg, PCI®, PCI-Express®, etc.) to an input/output (I/O) device interface 108 adapted to connect the computer system 100 to one or more I/O devices 110. System bus 106 may be any of several types of bus structure σι, including memory bus or memory controller, a

IMPI peripheral bus or external bus, and a local bus using any of a variety of available bus architectures known to those of skill in the art. I/O devices 110 may include, for example, a keyboard, a gesture recognition input device, a voice recognition device, and a pointing device, where the pointing device may include a touch panel or touch screen. , among others. I/O devices 110 may be integrated components of computing system 100, or may be devices that are externally connected to computing system 100.

Processor 102 may also be linked via system bus 106 to a display device interface 112 adapted to connect computing system 100 to a display device 114. Display device 114 may include a display screen that is a component built into the computer system 100. Display device 114 may also include a computer monitor, television, or projector, among others, that is externally connected to computer system 100. A network interface card (NIC) 116 may also be adapted to connect computer system computing 100 via system bus 106 to a network device (not described) and/or remote via an uplink device 118, a downlink device 120, or both.

As used here, a remote device may include a base station a £

IMPI σι remote subscriber device capable of connecting to a downlink device. As used herein a remote subscriber device includes computers, gaming systems, smartphones, personal devices, and the like.

For example, the moving object may connect to a personal device via a downlink device 120 and to a satellite via an uplink device 118. In some examples, a downlink device 120 may connect a base station or a terrestrial wireless device such as a subscriber device to an aircraft computer 100.

In some examples, an uplink device 118 may connect an aircraft to another aircraft, a satellite, or a ground station to provide Internet access to a user through a remote device, as described below in FIGS. 4A-4C.

Storage 122 may include a hard drive, an optical drive, a USB flash drive, an array of drives, or any combination of these.

Storage 122 may include dynamic spectrum module 124, communications module 126, and cache module 128 with associated cache 130. In some implementations, the dynamic spectrum module 124 may determine a spectrum to be used for a downlink and/or an uplink. For example, dynamic spectrum module 124 may determine that a specific portion of spectrum is available for use at a location.

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σι as an uplink and a different portion of spectrum is available for use as a downlink. As mentioned before, currently two-thirds of the world does not have access to the Internet. However, remote regions that lack access are also more likely to have large amounts of spectrum available. Dynamic spectrum module 124 can take advantage of areas with unused spectrum by making full use of available spectrum to provide Internet access. In some implementations the dynamic spectrum module 124 may use dynamic spectrum access to increase the amount of spectrum available for access to

Internet. For example, dynamic spectrum module 124 can determine available spectrum along an aircraft's route and serve remote devices along the route. Thus, remote devices offer the service to users.

In some implementations, the communications module

126 it may receive an available spectrum from the dynamic spectrum module 124 and establish a downlink using the available spectrum.

For example, a downlink device 120 may connect the aircraft to a personal remote subscription device or to a base station that is connected to remote subscribers. In some implementations, the communications module 126 may use at least a dedicated portion of the spectrum as a downlink and/or an uplink.

In some implementations, the module

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communications 126 can use existing communications channels as downlink and/or uplink. For example, the communications module 126 may use channels

ADS-B as a downlink and/or uplink. ADS-B currently includes the two different services ”ADS-B Out and

ADS-B /n. ADS-B Out periodically transmits information about each aircraft, such as identification, current position, altitude and speed, through an onboard transmitter. ADS-B In provides aircraft reception of Flight Information Broadcast Services (FIS-B) data, Traffic Information Broadcast Services (TIS-B) data ) and other ADS-B data, such as direct communication from nearby aircraft. The FIS-B in turn provides weather text, NOTAM (notice to airmen) weather graphics, automatic terminal information service (ATIS) and similar information. In some examples the channels

ADS-B can be used for existing communications data as well as to provide Internet service by interleaving the two or more data streams. For example, low bandwidth data such as email or messaging can be interleaved with any of the above ADS-B communications. Thus, in some examples, remote subscribers to at least some Internet service may be provided through the use of existing and/or dedicated communications channels.

In some implementations, the communications module <o σι σι

126 can transfer one downlink connection to another

IMPI moving object. For example, a second aircraft may be within range of a remote subscriber device or base station when a first aircraft is about to lose its downlink to the device or station. In this scenario the first plane can transfer the downlink to the second plane in such a way that the device or station receives uninterrupted access to the Internet as described below in the description of figure 3.

In some implementations the communications module

126 can orient a directional antenna.

For example the downlink and/or uplink device may use a directional antenna to send and receive data. In some examples, the communications module may orient the directional antenna to increase the link margin. As used here, link margin refers to the difference between a wireless receiver's sensitivity (ie, the receiving power at which the receiver will stop working) and the actual receiving power measured in decibels. Using steerable directional antennas provides longer duration or coverage and a narrower beamwidth for more power and less interference.

In some implementations, cache module 128 may store data from the remote subscriber device or from

Internet for later use.

For example, the communications module 126 may not be able to transfer a connection

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downlink W to provide uninterrupted Internet service (O σι. In some implementations, cache module 128 may temporarily store data to be sent when a next aircraft arrives. Thus, cache module 128 it can provide a form of delay-tolerant networking (DTN), in which caching is used to resolve the continuing lack of network connectivity. In some instances, cache module 128 may also store Internet content that is frequently requested or locally popular. For example, news sites as well as blogs and the like can be cached. In some examples, cache module 128 may also store larger data such as media content. For example, an aircraft may have such content stored in a local cache 130 at an airport. In some examples, the aircraft communications module 126 may transfer cached content 130 from the base stations as described below in FIG. 2A.

In some examples, a moving object may broadcast news data to remote devices along its path. For example, an aircraft may broadcast news data to base stations that have subscribed to receive the multicasts. In some examples, base stations may cache news data for later retrieval by remote subscription devices.

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It should be understood that the block diagram of Figure 1 is not intended to indicate that the computing system 100 must include all of the components shown in Figure 1. Rather, the computing system 100 may include fewer, or more, components not shown in Figure 1. figure 1 (eg.

additional applications, additional modules, additional memory devices, additional network interfaces, etc.). In addition, any of the functionality of dynamic spectrum module 124, communications module 126, and cache memory module 128 may be partially or fully implemented in hardware and/or in processor 102. For example, the functionality may be implemented with an application specific integrated circuit, in logic implemented in processor 102, or in any other device. For example, and not limited to, the types of hardware logic components shown that can be used include Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Program Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Program Specific Standard Products (ASSPs) on-chip systems (SOCs) and complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), etc.

Figure 2A shows the diagram of an example of an aircraft that provides Internet connectivity on a large scale, according to the implementations described in this document. Generally, the configuration of Figure 2A is indicated by the reference numeral 200A. Aircraft 202 is connected to remote area 204 via dase station 206 via downlink

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208. Aircraft 202 is also connected to remote subscriber device 210 via a second downlink 212. Remote area 204 and remote subscriber device 210 are located on the ground, as indicated by line 211. In addition, aircraft 202 is connected to Internet 214 via an uplink 216. The remote subscription device pool 204 includes a server

218 at base station 206, a gaming system 220 that is connected to base station 206 via fiber optic cable

222 and two personal devices 224 connected to base station 206 via wireless connections 226. Although, for illustrative purposes, an aircraft is used, aircraft 202 may also be any type of aircraft as discussed above with respect to FIG. 1 .

In the diagram of Figure 2A, two examples of downlinks are shown. In some implementations, moving aircraft 202 may offer Internet service to remote subscribers via base station 206. Base station 206 connects to remote subscriber devices 220, 224, and 226 via cable 222 or a wired connection. wireless 226 and relays the data to the aircraft 202 via a downlink 208. The aircraft

202 which relays data to and from the Internet 214 via an uplink 216. In some implementations, the dynamic spectrum module 124 can determine what parts of the spectrum are available in the remote area 204, so that the communications module 126 can form a fast 208 downlink <0 σι

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with base station 206. In some examples, dynamic spectrum module 124 may use dynamic spectrum access to determine that a large portion of the spectrum is available in area 204. For example, the segment of spectrum called spaces blank can be completely available in the area

204. Blank spaces, as used in this document, refer to spectrum that has been allocated for broadcasting services but is not used locally. The white spaces include ultra-high frequency (UHF) and very high frequency (VHF) bands that are available as a result of the switch to digital television. The communications module

126 may use a white space portion of the spectrum to send and/or receive data to and/or from base station 206 via downlink 208.

In some implementations, base station 206 may include a server 218 that includes a cache, such as cache 130 discussed above with reference to FIG. 1. In some examples, a cache module, such as cache module 128 of FIG. 1, server 218 may receive data from remote subscription devices 220 and 226 and store it in cache 130. The base station 206 may send the cached data to the plane 202 when the communications module 126 of the plane 202 establishes a downlink 208. In some implementations, the base station

206 can receive data from aircraft 202 via link

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downlink 208. In some examples, base station 206 may send the data to a cache 130 in a server 218.

Cache module 128 may communicate with base station 206 to provide data in cache 130 when requested by remote subscriber devices 220, 226.

Similarly, in some implementations, moving aircraft 202 may offer Internet service directly to remote subscribers via a downlink 212 to remote subscriber device 210. In some examples, dynamic spectrum module 124 may also determine the spectrum available in the vicinity of the remote subscriber device 210.

Communications module 126 can then establish a downlink 212 to offer Internet service. In some examples, a remote subscriber device 210 may access

Internet via downlink 212 while the base station loads cached data via downlink 208, and vice versa. For example, remote subscriber device 210 may also store and load cached data through a caching application that may be installed on remote subscriber device 210.

In some implementations, aircraft 202 in Figure 2A may also use ADS-B technology to offer

Internet. For example, the dynamic spectrum module 124 may determine that an area 204 has little or no available spectrum. In some examples, this could be due to the use of all space or σι

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σι blank available for devices licensed with higher priority, such as wireless microphones, among other devices. The dynamic spectrum module 124 can send the available spectrum information to the communications module

126. In some implementations, the communications module 126 may use a dedicated portion of the spectrum to offer Internet services. For example, a portion of the spectrum may be dedicated to aircraft use. In some examples, the communications module 126 may use the portion of the spectrum dedicated to

ADS-B as a downlink 208,

212.

In some implementations, data arriving to or from the base station

206 and/or remote subscriber device 210 may be interleaved with existing communications using ADS-B spectrum. By using ADS-B or unused spectrum such as white space, the 200A system has the advantage of using otherwise unallocated resources to bring Internet access to remote regions.

A diagram of the connection distance and duration of an example aircraft, according to the implementations described in this document, is shown in Figure 2B.

In general, the functionality of Figure 2B can be referred to as reference 200B.

In Figure 2B, aircraft 202 is connected to base station 206 via downlink 208 and is traveling at an altitude 232 of approximately 10,000 meters. Airplane 202 has flown from right to left at a speed of 250 meters per second

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U1 as indicated by arrow 228 for a total distance 230 of approximately

641 meters.

The angle

2. 3. 4 measures approximately 60 degrees.

In 200B, the distance 230 of 34,641 meters flown by aircraft 202 at a speed 228 of 250 m/s takes approximately 138 seconds. The duration of the connection of the aircraft 202 via a downlink 208 is therefore approximately 138 seconds. In some implementations, the specific segment distance for the connection, and thus also the connection duration of aircraft 202, is based in part on an allowable transmit power for downlink 208. For example, if the dynamic spectrum module 124 determines a low potential for interference using a portion of the spectrum in an area, then the transmit power for that portion of the spectrum may be relatively higher. In areas where there is a high potential for interference, the transmit power of the corresponding spectrum is reduced to avoid interference. The weaker the transmission power, the shorter the length and duration of the connection. In some implementations, dynamic spectrum module 124 may receive data such as spectrum usage maps. Dynamic spectrum module 124 may use spectrum usage maps to determine a portion of spectrum and transmit power for use by downlink 208. In some examples, a downlink may use existing very high frequency (VHF) radios that are already installed on aircraft. For example

J VHF modems can be installed

IMPI on aircraft to use existing VHF communication infrastructure, such as antennas on an aircraft, to establish an uplink and downlink. In some implementations the communications module 126 may search for other aircraft to transfer downlink 208 during the connection. In some instances, where flight traffic is less frequent, cache module 128 may store the data in cache 130. In some implementations, base station 206 stores email and other data in a cache.

130. Base station 206 may upload the cached data to aircraft 202 during connection.

in

Figure 3 shows the diagram of an example of *

migration of a connection between two aircraft, according to the implementations described in this document. As depicted in Figure 3, migration is indicated by reference numeral 300. In Figure 3, aircraft 202 is connected to base station 206 via downlink 208. Aircraft 202 is also connected to aircraft 302 by transfer connection 304. The aircraft

302 it is also connected to base station 206 via downlink 306.

In the diagram of Figure 3, aircraft 202 flies over base station 206 and downlink 208 to base station 206 is about to go down. In implementations, communications module 126 may establish a handover connection

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304 with the nearby aircraft 302. In some implementations, the base station 206 chooses the nearby aircraft 302 and sends this information to the aircraft 202. The communications module 126 of the aircraft

202 it can then send downlink information to a communications module 126 on aircraft 302.

In some implementations, aircraft 302 may establish a downlink 306 with base station 206 so that base station 206 experiences little or no interruption from the Internet. For example, the plane

202 can establish a 304 transfer connection before the downlink is disconnected

208. In some implementations, aircraft 202 may send downlink status information 208 to aircraft 302. As used in this document, link status information includes link status packets that may contain names, cost, or distance to any neighboring routers. and associated networks among other information. Aircraft 302 may receive the link status information from aircraft 202 and establish a downlink 306. In some implementations, the downlink is migrated

208 to downlink

306.

In some implementations, downlinks 208, 306 may offer concurrent service to base station 206. In some examples, services offered by downlink 208 may be provided by downlink 306 when aircraft 202 flies out of range. from base station 202.

A diagram of an exemplary uplink u, using a satellite is shown in Figure 4A. Generally, the setting of

IMPI uplink of Figure 4A is indicated by reference numeral 400A. In Figure 4A, aircraft 202 is also connected to satellite 402 via uplink 404. Satellite 402 is connected to antenna 406 via uplink 408.

Antenna 406 is connected to the Internet through connection 410.

In diagram 4A, aircraft 202 provides Internet service to base station via downlink 208. Aircraft 202 sends data from base station 206 to satellite 402. In some implementations, satellite 402 is one of several satellites orbiting the Earth. Aircraft 202 receives and/or sends data to and/or from satellite 402 via uplink 402. An advantage of configuration 400A is that the power used to send signals over uplink 404 can be much less than the power used to send them over uplink 408. Also, base stations 206 can be cheaper and easier to use. to operate than with the 406 antenna.

A diagram of an example uplink using a direct relay is shown in Figure 4B. The uplink configuration of Figure 4B is generally indicated by the reference numeral 400B. In Figure 4B the aircraft 202 is connected to the base station 206 via a downlink.

208. Aircraft 202 is also connected to base station 412

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on via uplink 414. Base station 412 is connected to Internet 214 via connection 416.

In the diagram of FIG. 4B, a direct relay is formed using aircraft 202 as the relay point. In some implementations, the communications module 126 may establish two concurrent connections to the base stations.

206, 416, so that a downlink 208 to base station 206 and an uplink to base station 412 are established. An advantage of the 400B configuration is the use of less infrastructure.

However, the connection duration in the 400B configuration may be shorter than in the 400A.

An example uplink using peer-to-peer retransmission is diagrammed in Figure 4C. The uplink configuration of Figure 4C is generally indicated by the reference numeral 400C. In Figure 4C, aircraft 202 is connected to base station 206 via a downlink.

208. Aircraft 202 is also connected to another aircraft 418 via uplink 420. Second aircraft 418 is connected to base station 412 via uplink 422. Base station 412 is connected to Internet 412 via connection 416. Aircraft 202 is separated from aircraft 418 by horizontal distance 424 and vertical distance 426.

In the diagram of Figure 40, aircraft 418 can relay co

RO data between aircraft 202 and base station 412. For example, the

IMPI vertical distance 426 can be greater than approximately 2000 feet the horizontal distance

424 it may be greater than about two miles. In some instances aircraft 202 may be out of range to establish a direct downlink to base station 412.

In implementations aircraft 418 is one of multiple aircraft that may be used to relay data from aircraft 202 to base station 412. In some instances, new spectrum may be used such as that used by terrestrial television broadcast and links. FM radio. In the United States, the amount of spectrum available for such use is approximately 350 megahertz. In some examples, the available spectrum may be divided between aircraft for exclusive use of the spectrum by the aircraft in range at any one time.

In some examples aircraft may also use frequency division duplication (FDD) for communication between aircraft. As used in this document,

FDD refers to the operation of transmitters and receivers at different carrier frequencies.

Figure 5 shows the flow chart of a detailed process of an example of a method to provide network connectivity.

Internet using a commercial aircraft. In general, the method of Figure 5 is referred to with the reference numeral 500.

At block 502, dynamic spectrum module 124

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determines an available spectrum to use for an uplink

IJ

U1 a downlink. As mentioned before, the available spectrum may include blank spaces that include UHF and VHF bands, as well as existing communication channels such as ADS-B. In some examples, dynamic spectrum module 124 may determine available spectrum through channel discovery based on local information and external sources. For example, the dynamic spectrum module 124 may investigate spectrum units within the spectrum for the presence of a channel in linear succession. In some examples, the dynamic spectrum module 124 may search the spectrum units within the spectrum for the presence of a channel in a staggered manner, skipping one or more spectrum units in a linear succession of spectrum units. Skipping can be done to investigate the available spectrum for the presence of the channel on a class width by class width basis, starting with the largest class width. In some examples the dynamic spectrum module 124 may receive white space information from local or remote geolocation services and determine the spectrum available for use along a route from the received white space information. For example, geolocation services based on television transmitter parameters, elevation data, and information received on any operating wireless microphone can calculate white space information for a given location.

in some £

IMPI σι implementations, the dynamic spectrum module 124 may use the received white space information to determine which spectrum to use for a downlink and/or an uplink along a flight path.

At block 504, dynamic spectrum module 124 may determine a transmit power for the uplink and connect the moving object to the Internet. As explained above, in some examples, an uplink can connect an aircraft to another aircraft, a satellite, or a base station to connect the aircraft to the Internet. In some examples, dynamic spectrum module 124 may choose a transmit power based on uplink distance. For example, dynamic spectrum module 124 can determine a transmit power that would efficiently connect the two devices.

In some examples, dynamic spectrum module 124 may also take spectrum interference into account when determining a transmit power.

At block 506, dynamic spectrum module 124 may determine a transmit power for the downlink and connect a remote subscriber to the moving object via the downlink. In some implementations, the remote subscriber may connect to a base station that is connected to a moving object via a downlink. In some implementations, the remote subscriber may connect σι directly with a downlink between the remote subscriber

IMPI remote subscriber and moving object. In some examples, the available spectrum at a given location may vary widely along the given path of a moving object. Therefore, in some implementations, the dynamic spectrum module

124 can determine a transmit power that does not cause interference with portions of the spectrum already in use. For example, a channel may be available at a particular base station, but in use in an area that is close to the base station. Dynamic spectrum module 124 may limit transmit power when using the channel in such a way that interference with nearby use is avoided.

At block 508, communications module

126 provides an Internet connection to the remote device.

In implementations, when a downlink and an uplink are established, a remote subscriber can receive service from

Internet through the remote device. As previously mentioned, in some implementations, the aircraft may offer Internet service to a base station that may relay service to remote connected subscribers. In some examples, the Internet connection may last a few minutes and/or be available several times a day. In some examples, the Internet connection may be continuous so that remote subscribers experience little or no packet loss. For example, the communications module 122 may migrate the connection as described in co

OI continued at block 510. In some examples, applications

Latency-sensitive IMPIs, such as VoIP communications, can be used during predetermined hours of continuous connectivity at

Internet.

At block 510, the communication modules 122 may migrate the downlink to a second downlink of a second moving object. As discussed in Figure 3 in some implementations, link status information from downlink 208 may be migrated to downlink 304 the second aircraft 302, while both aircraft are in range of base station 206. By migrating the downlink over pass-through connections, a continuous connection to

Internet even in areas with moderate air traffic.

At block 512, cache module 128 may store content about each moving object. In some implementations, cache module 128 may be in cache 130 of an aircraft computer 100. For example, cache 130 may include Internet content such as email, commonly accessed web content, search results common and announcements, among other contents.

Corresponding user queries may be answered directly by cache module 128 instead of searching the Internet. In some implementations, cache module 128 may also store content such as £

IMPI

OI large media files while the aircraft is at an airport. In some examples, an aircraft may connect to remote subscribers via a downlink but not currently be connected to the Internet. In implementations, cache module 124 may store remote subscription data such as email, blog updates, or social media, in cache 130. In some examples, data in cache 130 may be encrypted for the security and privacy of remote subscribers.

At block 514, cache module 128 may store content in a base station communicatively connected to both the remote subscriber and the moving object. In some examples, the cache module in

128 you can anonymously determine the popularity of data requested by remote subscribers connected to the base station. In some implementations, cache module 128 may store popular data for a predetermined amount of time. In some examples, the base station may be in an area with irregular air traffic. In some implementations, cache module 128 may store remote subscriber data for future display.

For example, email, blog updates, and social media can be securely cached and uploaded to the Internet when the next available plane arrives or the remote subscriber device is within range of a station. base.

In block 516

IMPI cache module 128 may store content on a remote subscriber device via a caching application. In some examples, a remote subscriber device may not have an available base station or aircraft to receive Internet service. In some implementations, cache module 128 may be part of an application installed on a remote subscriber device.

For example, cache module 128 may store user content, such as email or social media, on a remote.

cache 130 created on subscriber device

The flowchart of FIG. 5 is not intended to indicate that the operations of the method 500 are to be executed in any particular order, or that all the operations of the method 500 are to be included in each case. For example, given consistent air traffic, blocks

512-516 to cache content cannot be executed.

In some examples, air traffic in remote regions may not have enough aircraft to execute block 510. For example, a remote subscriber device or base station may never find two aircraft within range at the same time. In addition, any number of additional operations may be included within method 500, depending on the specific application.

A process flow chart is shown in Figure 6.

IMPI

W migrate a (O σι detailed an example method for downlink between aircraft. Usually refers to the method in Figure 6 with reference number 600.

At block 602, communications modules 120 transfer data to and from a network through a first uplink device on a first moving object. In some implementations, the moving object may be an aircraft. For example, the moving object may be an aircraft. In implementations, the uplink can be a satellite as in Figure 4A, a base station as in Figure 4B, and/or another aircraft as in Figure 4C. In some implementations, the connection to the network may be continuous, such as the

Internet. In some implementations, the connection to the network may be intermittent.

At block 604, communications module 120 sends data to and from a remote subscriber device or base station via a first downlink device on the first moving object. As explained above, the first downlink device may be directly connected to a remote subscriber device or base station that transmits data to and from remote subscriber devices.

At block 606, the communications module 120 establishes a transfer connection between the first and second co-moving objects. In some implementations, the spectrum module

Dynamic IMPI can determine an available portion of the spectrum to use for air-to-air communication. The communications module may use a portion of the available spectrum for the pass-through connection.

At block 608, communications module 120 establishes a downlink between the remote base station subscriber device and a second downlink device on the second moving object. In some examples, the communications module 120 of a first aircraft provides the remote subscriber device or base station with information about a second aircraft such as its location and a portion of spectrum to use for the second downlink.

In some implementations, the communications module 120 of the second aircraft may establish a second downlink to the remote subscriber device or base station.

At block 610, communications module 120 migrates sending data to and from a remote device to the second downlink device and a second uplink device on the second moving object from the first downlink device via the connection transfer.

In some implementations the link state information is passed from the first to the second moving object. For example, a communications module 120 in a £

in first aircraft can send link status information to a

IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY communications module 120 on a second plane to migrate sending data to and from a remote device.

The process flow diagram of Figure 6 is not intended to indicate that the operations of the method 600 are to be executed in any particular order, or that all the operations of the method

600 will be included in each case. Also, any number of additional operations may be included within the method.

600, depending on the specific application.

Figure 7 shows the block diagram of a tangible, computer-readable storage medium that can be used to provide access.

Internet through a moving object. The tangible, computer-readable storage medium 700 may be accessed by a processor 702 over a computer bus 704. In addition, the tangible, computer-readable storage medium 700 may include code to direct the processor 702 to perform the methods current. For example methods 500 and 600 can be carried out by the processor

702.

The various software components discussed in this document may be stored on the tangible, computer-readable storage medium 700, as indicated in Figure 7.

For example, readable storage media for £

<o σι computer and tangible 700 may include a spectrum module

IMPI

dynamic spectrum module 706 a communications module 708 and a cache memory module 710. In some implementations, the dynamic spectrum module 706 may cause the processor to determine an available portion of the spectrum using dynamic spectrum access. For example, the available spectrum may be a portion of ADS-B communications white space or channel. In some implementations, dynamic spectrum module 706 may also cause the processor to determine a transmit power. For example, dynamic spectrum module 706 may take into account pre-existing use of portions of a spectrum when determining a transmit power.

In implementations, the communications module 708 may cause the processor to establish a downlink using available spectrum.

In implementations, the communications module 708 may cause the processor to send and receive data to and from a remote subscriber and retransmit the data to and from an available public network via an uplink. For example, the uplink can be configured as at 400A, 400B, or 400C of Figures 4A-4C. In some implementations, the caching module 710 may cause the processor to store at least part of the data for later retrieval.

In some implementations the communications module 708 may cause the processor to migrate the downlink to a second aircraft instead.

IMPI movement.

In some implementations the communications module 708 may cause the processor to drive a directional antenna.

In some implementations, communications module 708 may cause the processor to interlock at least some of the data with existing ADS-B communications.

It should be understood that any number of additional software components not shown in Figure 7 may be included within the tangible, computer-readable storage medium 700, depending on the specific application. Although the subject matter has been described in specific language of structural features and/or methods, it is to be understood that the scope defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific structural features and methods described above.

Rather, the specific structural features and methods described above are described as exemplary ways of implementing the claims.

EXAMPLE 1

An example of a moving object is provided. The moving object example includes an uplink device for connecting the moving object to an available public computer network. The moving object example includes a downlink device to communicatively couple to a remote device on a specific segment along a moving object path. the £

IMPI σι remote device must provide data received through the downlink device to a user. The moving object example also includes a cache communicatively coupled to the uplink device and the downlink device.

In some implementations, the moving object may be an aircraft. In some implementations, the example of a moving object may be an aircraft. In some implementations, the specific segment may be based at least in part on a transmit power for the downlink device.

In some implementations, the downlink device may use automatic dependent broadcast-surveillance (ADS-B) technology to send at least some of the data, and at least some of the data may be interleaved with other ADS-B communications. In some implementations, the downlink device may use a certain portion of spectrum through dynamic spectrum access. In some implementations, the exemplary moving object may be a first moving object and the downlink device may be a first downlink device. The first moving object may be communicatively coupled to the second moving object with a second downlink device through a transfer connection between the first and second moving objects.

The data can be sent to the remote device through the second device's co σι downlink. In some implementations, the device

IMPI uplink and downlink device can use different portions of spectrum and the uplink device can connect the moving object to the computer network. In some implementations, the cache may store data from the remote subscriber once a connection to the downlink device is lost. The stored data from the remote subscriber may be sent to a second moving object via a second downlink device. In some implementations, the cache may include data received from the available public computing network.

EXAMPLE 2

An example of a method is described here. The exemplary method includes sending data to and from a network through a first uplink device on a first moving object. The exemplary method includes sending data to and from a remote device through a first downlink device on the first moving object. The exemplary method includes establishing a transfer connection between the first and second moving objects. The exemplary method includes establishing a downlink between the remote device and a second downlink device of the second moving object. The example method includes migrating data routing to and from the remote device to the second

IMPI co σι downlink device and a second uplink device on the second moving object from the first downlink device through the transfer connection.

In some implementations, the first and second moving objects may be aircraft. In some implementations, the first and second moving objects may be aircraft. In some implementations the exemplary method may further include determining a portion of spectrum to be used by the first and second downlink devices using dynamic spectrum access.

In some implementations, the method instance may include caching at least part of the data in at least one of the first or second moving objects. In some implementations, the example method may include caching at least some of the data on the remote device. The remote device may be an example method subscriber device may minus part of the remote data. In some implementations, including al caching on the remote device. The remote device may also be a base station communicatively connected to a remote subscriber. In some implementations, data cached at the base station may be retrieved by a subsequent moving object.

EXAMPLE 3 be

This document describes an example of one or more media

IMPI £

computer-readable storage. Exemplary one or more computer readable storage media include a plurality of instructions that when executed by a processor cause the processor to determine an available spectrum through dynamic spectrum access. Examples of computer readable storage media include instructions to downlink a remote device through a moving object downlink device using available spectrum. The example of computer-readable storage media includes instructions to establish an uplink to an available public network through an uplink device of the moving object using a different part of the spectrum. The example of computer readable storage media includes instructions to send and receive data to and from a remote device, the data to be retransmitted to and from the network via the uplink device.

In some implementations, the moving object may be an aircraft. In some implementations, the moving object may be an aircraft. In some implementations, the exemplary computer-readable storage media may include instructions to cache at least part of the data for later sending or retrieval in a moving object cache. In some implementations, the example of computer-readable storage media may include co

U1 instructions for migrating the downlink to a device of

IMPI downlink from a second moving object. In some implementations, the exemplary computer-readable storage media may include instructions to direct a directional antenna of the downlink device.

In some implementations, the exemplary computer-readable storage media may include instructions to interleave at least some of the data with ADS-B communications.

EXAMPLE 4

An example of an apparatus is provided. The exemplary appliance includes means for connecting the appliance to an available coupled public computer network. The appliance communicatively communicates segment-specific received data along the example includes a means to connect to a remote device on a path to the appliance and provide public computer network availability to a user.

The exemplary apparatus includes means for caching data.

In some implementations, the exemplary apparatus may be an aircraft. In some implementations, the exemplary apparatus may be an aircraft. In some implementations, the specific segment may be based at least in part on a transmit power for the downlink device. In some implementations, the means for communicatively engaging a remote device may use automatic dependent surveillance system (ADS-B) technology to send at least part of the

IMPI £

data and at least some of the data may be interleaved with other ADS-B communications. In some implementations, the means for communicatively coupling to a remote device may use a portion of spectrum determined through dynamic spectrum access. In some implementations, the exemplary apparatus may include means for communicatively engaging a moving object. The moving object may include means for sending data to the remote device. In some implementations the means for connecting the apparatus to an available public network and the means for communicatively coupling portions of to a remote device may use different spectrum. In some implementations, the means for caching data may store data from the remote subscriber once a connection to the downlink device is lost. In some implementations, the means for caching data may include data received from the available public computing network.

What has been described above includes examples of the claimed subject matter. Of course, it is not possible to describe all conceivable combinations of components or methodologies for the purpose of describing the claimed subject matter, but one skilled in the art can recognize that many additional combinations and permutations of the claimed subject matter are possible.

Accordingly, the claimed subject matter is intended to encompass all such co σι alterations, modifications and variations that fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

IMPI

In particular and with respect to the various functions performed by the components, devices, circuits, systems, and the like described above, the terms (including a reference to a medium) used to describe these components are intended to correspond, unless otherwise stated any component that performs the specific function of the component described, for example, a functional equivalent, although not structurally equivalent to the described structure, it performs the function in the illustrated exemplary aspects of the claimed subject matter. In this regard it will also be recognized that the innovation includes a system as well as computer-readable storage media having computer-executable instructions for carrying out the acts and events of the various methods of the claimed subject matter.

There are multiple ways to implement the claimed subject matter, for example, an appropriate API, a set of tools, a driver code, an operating system, a control, a downloadable or independent software object, etc., which allow applications and services use the techniques described here. The claimed subject matter contemplates the use from the point of view of an API (or other software object), as well as a

IMPI ω

software or hardware object that works according to the <0

U1 techniques exposed in this document. Thus, various implementations of the claimed subject matter described herein may have aspects that are all hardware, part hardware, and part software, as well as software.

The aforementioned system has been described with respect to the interaction between various components. It should be appreciated that these systems and components may include those specific components or subcomponents, some of the specific components or subcomponents, and additional components, and in accordance with various permutations and combinations of the foregoing.

Subcomponents can also be implemented as components communicatively coupled to other components rather than being contained within parent (hierarchical) components.

Additionally, it can be seen that one or more components may be combined into a single component providing added functionality divided into several separate subcomponents and one or more intermediate layers, such as the management layer, may be provided to communicatively couple these subcomponents. in order to provide integrated functionality. Any component described in this document may also interact with one or more additional components not specifically described in this document £

IMPI σι but generally known to those skilled in the art.

Furthermore, although a particular feature of the claimed subject matter may have been described with respect to one of several one or desired implementations, such feature may be combined with more features of the other implementations as may be advantageous for any given or particular application.

In addition, to the extent that the terms "includes", "has", "contains", "variants" of these and others are used in the detailed description or in which these terms are intended to be inclusive of

It includes, similar words are claimed, is a term similarly understood as an open transition word without excluding any additional elements or other elements.

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IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY