MX367014B

Logging while drilling (lwd) steering visualization tool methods and systems.

Abstract

A disclosed method includes acquiring ahead of bit or around bit data related to a formation from measurements by a tool. The method also includes generating a map view of the formation using the acquired data. Various map views and map view features are disclosed. An operator may select one or more of the map views and/or map view features to make steering decisions for a logging while drilling system.

MX367014B, drawing sheet 1 — Sheet 1 of 19

Term

6.7 yearsleft in the term

Expires 13 June 2033.

61 claims: 51 independent, 10 dependent

1
CLAIMS REIVINDICACIONES Habiéndose descrito la invención como antecede, se reclama como propiedad lo contenido en las siguientes reivindicaciones:Having described the invention as above, the contents of the following claims are claimed as property: 1. Un método caracterizado porque comprende: one. A method characterized in that it comprises: acquire data from the front of the drill or around the drill related to training from measurements by a tool;adquirir datos de adelante de la broca o de alrededor de la broca relacionados con una formación a partir de mediciones por una herramienta;generar una vista en mapa bidimensional (2D) de la formación utilizando los datos adquiridos, en donde la vista en mapa 2D visualiza una distancia a propiedades de 'la formación en una dirección predeterminada única con respecto a un punto de referencia para la herramienta a lo largo de un primer eje como una función de la profundidad a lo largo de un segundo eje, en donde el primer eje define un intervalo de detección de la herramienta;y dirigir una herramienta de registro en la formación con base en la vista en mapa 2D. generate a two-dimensional (2D) map view of the formation using the acquired data, where the 2D map view displays a distance to properties of the formation in a unique predetermined direction with respect to a reference point for the tool at along a first axis as a function of the depth along a second axis, where the first axis defines a detection range of the tool;and direct a training tool for training based on the 2D map view.
3
The method according to claim 3. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque la dirección predeterminada corresponde a una dirección lateral a la broca con respecto al punto de referencia. 1, characterized in that the predetermined direction corresponds to a lateral direction to the drill with respect to the reference point.
4
El método de conformidad con la reivindicación Four. The method according to claim 1, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa incluye una línea con pendiente a lo largo de un eje de profundidad para representar un límite de lecho entre dos capas de la formación visualizadas para un valor de profundidad, y en donde un ángulo de la línea con pendientes corresponde a un indicador de ángulo de inclinación relativa entre la dirección predeterminada y el límite de lecho. 1, characterized in that the map view includes a slope line along a depth axis to represent a bed boundary between two layers of the formation displayed for a depth value, and where an angle of the slope line corresponds to an indicator of relative inclination angle between the predetermined direction and the bed limit.
5
The method according to claim 5. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa incluye una línea recta a lo largo de un eje de profundidad para representar un límite de lecho entre dos capas de la formación visualizadas para un valor de profundidad, y en donde se visualiza un indicador de ángulo de inclinación relativa separado de la línea recta para el valor de profundidad para representar un ángulo entre la dirección predeterminada y el límite de lecho. 1, characterized in that the map view includes a straight line along a depth axis to represent a bed boundary between two layers of the formation displayed for a depth value, and where a tilt angle indicator is displayed. relative separated from the straight line for the depth value to represent an angle between the predetermined direction and the bed limit.
6
The method according to claim 6. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 5, caracterizado porque el indicador de ángulo de inclinación relativa es una flecha cuya cola se encuentra en o cerca del punto de referencia para la herramienta a lo largo del segundo eje, y en donde un ángulo de la flecha con respecto al punto de referencia transmite información de ángulo de inclinación relativa. 5, characterized in that the relative inclination angle indicator is an arrow whose tail is at or near the reference point for the tool along the second axis, and where an angle of the arrow with respect to the reference point transmits relative tilt angle information.
7
The method according to claim 7. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa visualiza resistividad o permeabilidad electromagnética de la formación. 1, characterized in that the map view visualizes resistivity or electromagnetic permeability of the formation.
8
The method according to claim 8. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa incluye un indicador de ángulo de inclinación relativa distinto para cada valor de profundidad con un límite de lecho visualizado. 1, characterized in that the map view includes a different relative inclination angle indicator for each depth value with a displayed bed limit.
9
The method according to claim 9. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa visualiza una propiedad de la formación utilizando color, en donde diferentes colores representan diferentes valores de propiedades de la formación. 1, characterized in that the map view visualizes a property of the formation using color, where different colors represent different values of formation properties.
10
The method according to claim 10. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa visualiza una propiedad de la formación utilizando un patrón, en donde diferentes densidades de los patrones representan diferentes valores de propiedades de la formación. 1, characterized in that the map view visualizes a property of the formation using a pattern, where different densities of the patterns represent different values of formation properties.
11
El método de conformidad con la reivindicación eleven. The method according to claim 10, caracterizado porque el patrón es escalado en al menos una dirección con respecto a un patrón predeterminado para representar valores anisotrópicos. 10, characterized in that the pattern is scaled in at least one direction with respect to a predetermined pattern to represent anisotropic values.
12
A method characterized in that it comprises:12. Un método caracterizado porque comprende: acquire data from the front of the drill or around the drill related to training from measurements by a tool;adquirir datos de adelante de la broca o de alrededor de la broca relacionados con una formación a partir de mediciones por una herramienta;generar una vista en mapa bidimensional (2D) o tridimensional (3D) de la formación utilizando los datos adquiridos, en donde la vista en mapa 2D o 3D visualiza una vía de perforación y un objeto de vía de perforación 2D o 3D gráficamente seleccionable, separado, para cada uno de una pluralidad de valores de profundidad distintos a lo largo de la vía de perforación con base en una interacción de usuario con el objeto de vía de perforación 2D o 3D visualizado;y dirigir una herramienta de registro en la formación con base en la vista en mapa 2D o 3D. generate a two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) map view of the formation using the acquired data, where the 2D or 3D map view visualizes a perforation path and a graphically selectable 2D or 3D perforation path object, separated , for each of a plurality of different depth values along the drill path based on a user interaction with the 2D or 3D drill track object displayed;and direct a training tool for training based on the 2D or 3D map view.
15
El método de conformidad con la reivindicación fifteen. The method according to claim 12, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa permite selección gráfica de un objeto de vía de perforación visualizado a través de la interacción de usuario con el objeto de vía de perforación visualizado que provoca que los datos de objeto de vía de perforación complementarios sean superpuestos en la vista en mapa. 12, characterized in that the map view allows graphic selection of a perforated track object displayed through user interaction with the displayed drill track object that causes the complementary drill track object data to be superimposed on the map view.
17
The method according to claim 17. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 12, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa visualiza al menos un objeto de límite de lecho 2D o 3D para cada uno de una pluralidad de valores de profundidad distintos a lo largo de la vía de perforación. 12, characterized in that the map view displays at least one 2D or 3D bed limit object for each of a plurality of different depth values along the perforation path.
18
The method according to claim 18. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 17, caracterizado porque al menos uno de los objetos de límite de lecho visualizados incluye un atributo de color o de patrón para transmitir información de resistividad o permeabilidad electromagnética de la formación. 17, characterized in that at least one of the bed limit objects displayed includes a color or pattern attribute to transmit resistivity or electromagnetic permeability information of the formation.
19
The method according to claim 19. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 17, caracterizado porque al menos uno de los objetos de límite de lecho visualizados incluye un atributo de orientación correspondiente a un ángulo de inclinación relativa para un límite de lecho con respecto a un punto de referencia para la herramienta. 17, characterized in that at least one of the bed limit objects displayed includes an orientation attribute corresponding to a relative angle of inclination for a bed limit with respect to a reference point for the tool.
20
El método de conformidad con la reivindicación twenty. The method according to claim 17, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa permite selección de un objeto de límite de lecho visualizado para visualizar datos de objeto de límite de lecho complementarios. 17, characterized in that the map view allows selection of a displayed bed limit object to display complementary bed limit object data.
21
El método de conformidad con la reivindicación twenty-one. The method according to claim 20, caracterizado porque los datos de objeto de límite de lecho complementarios incluyen al menos un valor seleccionado del grupo que consiste en un valor numérico para un ángulo de inclinación relativa de un límite de lecho, un valor numérico para un ángulo acimutal entre una orientación de la herramienta y un límite de lecho, y un valor numérico para resistividad o permeabilidad electromagnética de la formación en o cerca de un objeto de límite de lecho. 20, characterized in that the complementary bed limit object data includes at least one value selected from the group consisting of a numerical value for a relative inclination angle of a bed limit, a numerical value for an azimuthal angle between an orientation of the tool and a bed limit, and a numerical value for resistivity or electromagnetic permeability of the formation at or near a bed limit object.
22
22 The method according to claim 22. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 12, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa es giratoria en al menos una dirección. 12, characterized in that the map view is rotatable in at least one direction.
23
2. 3. The method according to claim 23. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 12, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa soporta aumento y reducción. 12, characterized in that the map view supports increase and reduction.
24
A method characterized in that it comprises:acquiring data from the front of the drill or around the drill related to a formation from measurements by a tool;24. Un método caracterizado porque comprende: adquirir datos de adelante de la broca o de alrededor de la broca relacionados con una formación a partir de mediciones por una herramienta;generar una vista en mapa bidimensional (2D) de la formación utilizando los datos adquiridos, en donde la vista en mapa 2D visualiza una distancia separada con respecto a un punto de referencia para la herramienta al indicador de límite de lecho para cada uno de una pluralidad de valores de profundidad distintos, en donde el punto de referencia está en un centro de la vista en mapa 2D y divide la vista en mapa 2D en una primera mitad y una segunda mitad;en donde la primera mitad es indicativa de datos relacionados con la formación detrás de la broca y la segunda mitad es indicativa de datos relacionados con la formación delante de la broca;y en donde un eje del mapa 2D que define un intervalo de detección de la herramienta indica una distancia a los datos relacionados con la formación con relación al punto de referencia;y dirigir una herramienta de registro en la formación con base en la vista en mapa 2D. generate a two-dimensional (2D) map view of the formation using the acquired data, where the 2D map view displays a separate distance from a reference point for the tool to the bed limit indicator for each of a plurality of different depth values, where the reference point is in a center of the 2D map view and divides the 2D map view into a first half and a second half;wherein the first half is indicative of data related to the formation behind the drill and the second half is indicative of data related to the formation in front of the drill;and where an axis of the 2D map that defines a detection interval of the tool indicates a distance to the data related to the formation in relation to the reference point;and direct a training tool for training based on the 2D map view.
25
The method according to claim 25. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 24, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa visualiza una línea central centrada en la vista en mapa 2D para representar la posición actual del punto de referencia para la herramienta en la formación como una función de la profundidad. 24, characterized in that the map view visualizes a central line centered on the 2D map view to represent the current position of the reference point for the tool in the formation as a function of depth.
26
The method according to claim 26. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 25, caracterizado porque cada distancia al indicador de límite de lecho corresponde a una flecha que se extiende entre la línea central y un límite de lecho más cercano. 25, characterized in that each distance to the bed limit indicator corresponds to an arrow that extends between the center line and a nearest bed limit.
27
The method according to claim 27. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 25, caracterizado porque cada distancia al indicador de límite de lecho corresponde a una tira que se extiende al menos entre la línea central y un límite de lecho. 25, characterized in that each distance to the bed limit indicator corresponds to a strip that extends at least between the center line and a bed limit.
28
The method according to claim 28. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 27, caracterizado porque cada tira tiene un color o patrón para proporcionar información sobre resistividad o permeabilidad electromagnética de la formación. 27, characterized in that each strip has a color or pattern to provide information on resistivity or electromagnetic permeability of the formation.
29
The method according to claim 29. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 24, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa visualiza un indicador acimutal para al menos una de la distancia a indicadores de límite de lecho para representar un ángulo entre un acimut de límite de lecho y un acimut de punto de referencia de la herramienta. 24, characterized in that the map view displays an azimuth indicator for at least one of the distance to bed limit indicators to represent an angle between a bed limit azimuth and a tool reference azimuth.
30
30 The method according to claim 30. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 29, caracterizado porque el indicador acimutal se visualiza en o cerca de un límite de lecho relacionado con una distancia al indicador de límite de lecho. 29, characterized in that the azimuthal indicator is displayed at or near a bed limit related to a distance to the bed limit indicator.
31
The method according to claim 31. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 29, caracterizado porque el indicador acimutal se visualiza a lo largo de un lado de la vista en mapa en una profundidad correspondiente a una distancia relacionada al indicador de límite de lecho. 29, characterized in that the azimuthal indicator is displayed along one side of the map view at a depth corresponding to a distance related to the bed limit indicator.
33
The method according to claim 33. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 24, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa visualiza una línea de límite de lecho para al menos una de la distancia a indicadores de límite de lecho, en donde un ángulo de la línea de límite de lecho corresponde a un valor de ángulo de inclinación relativa con respecto a un punto de referencia para la herramienta. 24, characterized in that the map view displays a bed limit line for at least one of the distance to bed limit indicators, where an angle of the bed limit line corresponds to a relative inclination angle value with with respect to a reference point for the tool.
34
3. 4. The method according to claim 34. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 24, caracterizado porque al menos una de la distancia visualizada a los indicadores de límite de lecho es parcialmente transparente en un primer nivel de transparencia para mostrar un primer nivel de incertidumbre de distancia a límite de lecho y otros de la al menos una de la distancia visualizada a indicadores de límite de lecho son parcialmente transparentes en una segunda transparencia para mostrar un segundo nivel de incertidumbre de distancia a límite de lecho. 24, characterized in that at least one of the distance displayed to the bed limit indicators is partially transparent in a first level of transparency to show a first level of uncertainty of distance to bed limit and others of the at least one of the distance Displayed to bed limit indicators are partially transparent in a second transparency to show a second level of uncertainty from distance to bed limit.
35
35 The method according to claim 35. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 24, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa soporta la selección de una distancia al indicador de límite de lecho para visualizar datos complementarios relacionados con la distancia al indicador de límite de lecho. 24, characterized in that the map view supports the selection of a distance to the bed limit indicator to display complementary data related to the distance to the bed limit indicator.
36
The method according to claim 36. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 35, caracterizado porque los datos complementarios incluyen al menos un valor seleccionado del grupo que consiste en un valor numérico de un ángulo de inclinación relativa entre una orientación de la herramienta y el límite de lecho, un valor numérico del ángulo acimutal relativo entre una orientación de la herramienta y el límite de lecho, y un valor numérico de una distancia entre un punto de referencia para la herramienta y el límite de lecho. 35, characterized in that the complementary data includes at least one value selected from the group consisting of a numerical value of a relative angle of inclination between an orientation of the tool and the bed limit, a numerical value of the relative azimuthal angle between an orientation of the tool and the bed limit, and a numerical value of a distance between a reference point for the tool and the bed limit.
37
The method according to claim 37. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 24, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa visualiza un área de incertidumbre para al menos una de la distancia a indicadores de límite de lecho, en donde el área de incertidumbre corresponde a un intervalo de posibles valores de distancia y dirección para la distancia relacionada al indicador de límite de lecho. 24, characterized in that the map view displays an area of uncertainty for at least one of the distance to bed limit indicators, where the area of uncertainty corresponds to a range of possible distance and direction values for the distance related to the indicator of bed limit.
38
The method according to claim 38. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 37, caracterizado porque el área de incertidumbre es una forma, y en donde la distancia relacionada al indicador de límite de lecho apunta a un centro de la forma. 37, characterized in that the area of uncertainty is a form, and where the distance related to the bed limit indicator points to a center of the form.
39
The method according to claim 39. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 24, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa visualiza dos conjuntos de distancias a indicadores de límite de lecho correspondientes a dos diferentes conjuntos de datos recolectados por la herramienta. 24, characterized in that the map view displays two sets of distances to bed limit indicators corresponding to two different sets of data collected by the tool.
40
40 The method according to claim 40. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 24, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa visualiza múltiples distancias a indicadores de límite de lecho para un valor de profundidad único, en donde cada una de las múltiples distancias a indicadores de límite de lecho está asociada con un límite de lecho diferente. 24, characterized in that the map view displays multiple distances to bed limit indicators for a single depth value, where each of the multiple distances to bed limit indicators is associated with a different bed limit.
42
42 A method characterized in that it comprises:42. Un método caracterizado porque comprende: acquire data from the front of the drill or around the drill related to training from measurements by a tool;adquirir datos de adelante de la broca o de alrededor de la broca relacionados con una formación a partir de mediciones por una herramienta;generar una vista en mapa radar de la formación utilizando los datos adquiridos, en donde la vista en mapa radar visualiza un punto de referencia de la herramienta en un centro de la vista en mapa radar indicativo de una posición actual del punto de referencia de la herramienta en la formación y círculos concéntricos alrededor del centro de la vista en mapa radar representan distancia de mirada y de búsqueda con relación a la posición · actual del punto de referencia de la herramienta con base en un intervalo de detección de la herramienta, y en donde la vista en mapa radar visualiza objetos de propiedad de la formación como una función de acimut con respecto a un eje asociado con la posición actual de la herramienta, en donde los objetos de propiedad de la formación son gráficamente seleccionables con base en una interacción de usuario;y dirigir una herramienta de registro en la formación con base en la vista en mapa radar. generate a radar map view of the training using the acquired data, where the radar map view displays a tool reference point in a radar map view center indicative of a current position of the tool reference point in the formation and concentric circles around the center of the map view radar represents distance of look and search in relation to the current position of the tool reference point based on a tool detection interval, and where the radar map view visualizes objects owned by the formation as a function of azimuth with respect to an axis associated with the current position of the tool, where the objects owned by the formation are graphically selectable based on a user interaction;and direct a training tool for training based on the radar map view.
44
The method according to claim 44. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 42, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa radar visualiza un objeto de la herramienta que se extiende desde el punto de referencia de la herramienta hasta una parte superior de la vista en mapa radar. 42, characterized in that the radar map view visualizes an object of the tool that extends from the reference point of the tool to an upper part of the radar map view.
45
El método de conformidad con la reivindicación Four. Five. The method according to claim 42, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa radar visualiza un objeto de la herramienta que se extiende desde el punto de referencia de la herramienta hasta un lado de la vista de mapa radar a lo largo de un ángulo relacionado a una orientación de la herramienta. 42, characterized in that the radar map view visualizes an object of the tool that extends from the reference point of the tool to one side of the radar map view along an angle related to an orientation of the tool.
46
The method according to claim 46. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 42, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa radar soporta la selección de un objeto de propiedad de la formación visualizado para visualizar datos complementarios. 42, characterized in that the radar map view supports the selection of a property object of the displayed formation to visualize complementary data.
47
47 The method according to claim 47. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 46, caracterizado porque los datos complementarios incluyen un valor seleccionado del grupo que consiste en un valor numérico de un ángulo de inclinación relativa entre una orientación de la herramienta y un límite de lecho, un valor numérico del ángulo acimutal relativo entre una orientación de la herramienta y un límite de lecho, un valor numérico de una distancia entre un punto de referencia de la herramienta y un límite de lecho, y un valor numérico para resistividad o permeabilidad electromagnética de la formación en o cerca de un objeto de propiedad de la formación seleccionado. 46, characterized in that the complementary data includes a value selected from the group consisting of a numerical value of a relative inclination angle between a tool orientation and a bed limit, a numerical value of the relative azimuthal angle between a tool orientation and a bed limit, a numerical value of a distance between a tool reference point and a bed limit, and a numerical value for resistivity or electromagnetic permeability of the formation at or near an object owned by the selected formation.
48
The method according to claim 48. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 42, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa radar visualiza un indicador de algoritmo de inversión para al menos uno de los objetos de propiedad de la formación visualizados. 42, characterized in that the radar map view displays an inversion algorithm indicator for at least one of the displayed formation property objects.
49
The method according to claim 49. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 42, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa radar visualiza un color o patrón para representar una resistividad o permeabilidad electromagnética para al menos uno de los objetos de propiedad de la formación visualizados. 42, characterized in that the radar map view visualizes a color or pattern to represent an electromagnetic resistivity or permeability for at least one of the formation property objects displayed.
50
Un método caracterizado porque comprende:adquirir datos de adelante de la broca o de alrededor de la broca relacionados con una formación a partir de mediciones por una herramienta;fifty. A method characterized in that it comprises: acquiring data from the front of the drill or around the drill related to a formation from measurements by a tool;generar una vista en mapa de la formación utilizando los datos adquiridos, en donde la vista en mapa visualiza una vía de perforación y límites de lecho como una función de profundidad y posición horizontal, en donde la vía de perforación se define por un primer segmento de línea y un segundo segmento de línea;en donde el primer segmento de línea es indicativo de la vía de perforación sobre un intervalo de posición horizontal de la vista en mapa;y el segundo segmento de línea es indicativo de la vía de perforación fuera del intervalo de posición horizontal de la vista en mapa;en donde la vista en mapa visualiza inicialmente el primer segmento de línea mientras una longitud horizontal de la vía de perforación es menor que o igual al intervalo de posición horizontal de la vista en mapa y entonces visualiza el segundo segmento de línea envuelto a un lado opuesto de la vista en mapa bajo el primer segmento cuando la longitud horizontal de la vía de perforación supera el intervalo de posición horizontal de la vista en mapa;y dirigir una herramienta de registro en la formación con base en la vista en mapa. generate a map view of the formation using the acquired data, where the map view visualizes a drilling path and bed boundaries as a function of depth and horizontal position, where the drilling path is defined by a first segment of line and a second line segment;wherein the first line segment is indicative of the drilling path over a horizontal position range of the map view;and the second line segment is indicative of the drilling path outside the horizontal position range of the map view;wherein the map view initially displays the first line segment while a horizontal length of the drilling path is less than or equal to the horizontal position range of the map view and then displays the second line segment wrapped to an opposite side of the map view under the first segment when the horizontal length of the drilling path exceeds the horizontal position range of the map view;and direct a training tool for training based on the map view.
51
51 The method according to claim 51. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 50, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa visualiza distancia a indicadores de límite de lecho para cada uno de una pluralidad de valores de profundidad distintos. 50, characterized in that the map view displays distance to bed limit indicators for each of a plurality of different depth values.
52
52 The method according to claim 52. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 51, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa visualiza una línea de límite de lecho separada para cada una de la distancia a indicadores de límite de lecho. 51, characterized in that the map view displays a separate bed limit line for each of the distance to bed limit indicators.
53
The method according to claim 53. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 51, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa visualiza un indicador de ángulo de inclinación relativa para al menos una de la distancia a indicadores de límite de lecho. 51, characterized in that the map view displays a relative inclination angle indicator for at least one of the distance to bed limit indicators.
54
54 The method according to claim 54. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 50, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa visualiza una línea continua para cada límite de lecho. 50, characterized in that the map view displays a continuous line for each bed limit.
55
The method according to claim 55. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 54, caracterizado porque la vista en mapa visualiza un valor de profundidad vertical numérico en o cerca de cada límite de lecho visualizado. 54, characterized in that the map view displays a numerical vertical depth value at or near each bed limit displayed.
57
A system characterized in that it comprises:57. Un sistema caracterizado porque comprende: one or more processors;uno o más procesadores;a user interface operable with the one or more processors;and a storage device readable by una interfaz de usuario operable con el uno o más procesadores;y un dispositivo de almacenamiento legible por claim 57, characterized in that the system includes the tool for acquiring data ahead of the drill or around the drill. reivindicación 57, caracterizado porque el sistema incluye la herramienta para adquirir datos adelante de la broca o alrededor de la broca.
59
60 The method according to claim 60. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque el punto de referencia está en una broca de perforación;y la dirección predeterminada única es adelante o detrás de la broca de perforación. 1, characterized in that the reference point is in a drill bit;and the only predetermined direction is ahead or behind the drill bit.
61
62 The method according to claim 62. El método de conformidad con la reivindicación 42, caracterizado porque el punto de referencia de la herramienta está en una broca de perforación. 42, characterized in that the reference point of the tool is in a drill bit.

Independent claims51

83 paragraphs in 8 sections, as filed

SUB-DIRECTOR OF DIVISIONAL PATENT FUND EXAM EXAMINATION

MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL AND INDUSTRIAL DESIGNS AND UTILITY MODELS

PEDRO DAVID FRAGOSO LÓPEZ

Original string:

PEDRO DAVID FRAGOSO LOPEZ | 00001000000405457619 | Administration Service

Tax | 1052 || MX / 2019/65380 | MX / a / 2015/015503 | PCT patent title | 1488 | IAR | Page (s) | eEDgza5xBÍ76aHiZx6RK / J86Vas =

Digital stamp:

FQX5z5T7YxpWKHqV + XSurt 8QW / JqWreLzpgqo2JH + RvfaWRKkkC8We4t4Ha7pB1 Bw5RDxMg1 NWpkqmLSahIQsoKLOH OUtsASbl u3x93QQGD + O + HsHHebkO9TpPcoVEB4J0JaL0HLJSh1 DsWlapCSIEmZUJ21Z7oupPp2dHtg7DIXLxxhl + JL + HxfZYagHYaFYBuP8f yDbY5ckO9cSoNLV3Xw7bZHhlkCLyW / AutESpjHk3jXTtgAXTmR3oNg51W32cvna8jBvqrkKa ZLN7pBRIuH2fAC6DwWsH / == qVPtSoRm7ou4hYrZ3RQpZ6hznK1dLCFJyceOq5D7jHeZkJMPhnO

MX 2019 65330

METHODS AND SYSTEMS OF VISUALIZATION TOOL OF

REGISTRATION ADDRESS DURING PERFORATION (LWD)

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In the past, the properties of a land formation were estimated, modeled or predicted before drilling into the formation. However, the actual properties of a specific part of a formation are typically not known until after the drill bit drills in that part of the formation. Therefore, operators in these circumstances cannot make proactive or preferential decisions based on advancing knowledge of the real properties of the training before cutting the drill bit in the training.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Accordingly, various systems and methods of register routing display tools (LWD) are described herein.

Figure 1 shows an illustrative record acquisition environment during drilling (LWD).

Figure 2 shows an illustrative computer system for managing registration operations that includes addressing display options.

Figure 3 shows an illustration of a tool

Ref.: 261630 of LWD in an underground environment together with various parameters of interest.

Figure 4 shows a block diagram of an LWD display system.

Figures 5A-5U show illustrative map view options for an address display tool.

Figure 6 is a flow chart of an illustrative method for an LWD display system.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

A recording environment during drilling (LWD) is representative and schematically illustrated in Figure 1. In Fig. 1, a drilling rig 2 supports a drilling rig 4 that has a mobile rig 6 for raising and lowering a drill string 8. A square rod of drill string transmission 10 supports the rest of the drill string. 8 as it is lowered by a rotating table 12. The rotary table 12 rotates the drill string 8, therefore rotating a drill bit 14. While the drill 14 rotates, it creates a well 16 that passes through several formations 18. A pump 2 0 circulates the drilling fluid through a feed pipe 22 to the drill rod 10, to the bottom of the well through the inside of the drill string 8, through holes in the drill bit 14, back to the surface through the annular space 9 around the drill string 8 and towards a holding pool 24. The drilling fluid transports drilling cuts from the hole 16 to the pool 24 and helps maintain the integrity of the hole. Depending on the requirements of the job, the drilling fluid can be oil based (with a high resistivity) or water based (with a low resistivity).

Drill bit 14 is only one piece of an open-hole LWD assembly that includes one or more drill collars 26 and registration tools 28. Drill collars 26 are thick-walled steel pipe sections that provide weight and rigidity for the drilling process. The registration tool 28 (which can be constructed in the drilling collars) collects measurements of various formation or drilling parameters. As an example, the recording instrument 28 may be integrated in the bottomhole assembly near the drill 14 to collect measurements from the front and / or around. The collected measurements can be plotted and used to direct the drill string 8 as described herein.

Measurements of the recording tool 28 can be acquired by means of a telemetry adapter (for example, integrated to the record acquisition tool 28) to store in the internal memory and / or communicate to the surface through a communications link. Mud pulse telemetry is a common technique to provide a communications link to transfer the recording measurements to a surface receiver 30 and to receive orders from the surface, but other telemetry techniques can also be used.

According to modalities, the measurements collected from the registration tool 28 can be processed through a computer system that executes an address display software tool with various map view options. Figure 2 shows an illustrative computer system 43 for managing registration operations and / or options. addressing display. The computer system 43 may correspond, for example, to a record acquisition facility in place for the LWD system of Figure 1, or a remote computer system that receives record acquisition measurements from those record acquisition facilities. The computer system 43 may include wireless or wired communication interfaces that receive those record acquisition measurements. As shown, the illustrative computer system 43 comprises a user workstation 51 with a computer chassis 46 coupled to a display device 48 and a user data input device 50. The computer chassis 46 includes one or more storage devices to access software (shown in Figure 2 on. form of removable non-transient information storage media 52) that configures the computer system to interact with a user, which allows the user to process the acquisition data of records and, in the case of local record acquisition facilities , manage record acquisition operations, which includes analyzing gap conditions. The software can also be downloadable software accessed through a network (for example, over the internet). In some embodiments, the illustrative computer system 43 executes the routing display software that provides various map view options to facilitate the analysis of the formation and routing decisions of LWD.

Figure 3 shows an illustration of the registration tool 28 in an underground environment with multiple beds or layers of formation 18A-18D and bed boundaries 90A-90E. Although the beds of formation 18A-18D and bed boundaries 90A-90E are represented as a two-dimensional (2D) image with straight lines, it will be understood that underground environments usually have formation beds and bed boundaries with slopes or curves.

In figure 3, various direction arrows are shown. Arrow 70 represents the direction next to the registration tool 28 that extends radially outward, arrow 72 represents the direction in front of the registration tool 28, arrow 74 represents a true vertical direction extending downward from the registration tool 28, and arrow 76 represents a true horizontal direction extending from registration tool 28. Various angles are also shown in Figure 3, including angle 80, which corresponds to the relative inclination of the recording tool 28 (i.e., the angle between arrow 74 and arrow 72), and angle 82, which corresponds to the azimuth for the bed limit 90C with respect to a tool azimuth reference point.

Various arrows are also shown in Figure 3 to indicate the vertical distance between the registration tool 28 and the different bed limits. More specifically, arrow 80 represents the vertical distance between registration tool 28 and bed limit 90B, arrow 82 represents vertical distance between registration tool 28 and bed limit 90A, arrow 84 represents vertical distance between the registration tool 28 and the bed limit 90C, and the arrow 86 represents the vertical distance between the registration tool 28 and the bed limit 90D.

According to some modalities, the distance information and the angle information such as the distances and the angles described in Figure 3 are plotted or mapped through an address display software that receives measurements in front of the drill and / or around the drill Without limitation, the parameters that are displayed or represented through the routing display software may include physical parameters such as tool orientation, formation resistivity values, vertical resistivity, horizontal resistivity, relative inclination angles, relative azimuthal angles , bed dives, bed azimuths, drilling path, distance to bed limits, water saturation, and porosity of the formation. In addition, confidence parameters such as uncertainty estimates, investment type information and / or comparison information, can be displayed or represented through the address display software. When viewing or representing physical parameters and trust parameters, the addressing visualization software allows an LWD operator to make addressing decisions for an LWD tool or review past routing operations as described herein.

Figure 4 shows a block diagram of an illustrative LWD display system 400. The LWD 400 display system includes a registration tool 440 (eg, registration tool 28) with forward / around 442 systems. to collect measurements in front of the drill and / or around the drill. The registration tool 440 also includes a memory 444 for storing collected measurements and / or for storing recording instructions. A communication interface 446 of the recording tool 44 0 allows measurement data in front of the drill and / or around the drill to be transferred to a surface communication interface 430. The surface communication interface 430 provides the data of measurements in front of the drill and / or around the drill to a surface computer 402.

As shown in Figure 4, the surface computer 402 includes a processor 404 coupled to a screen 405, input devices 406 and a storage medium 408. The screen 405 and input devices 406 function as a user interface. which allows an LWD operator to view the information and enter routing commands or interface option commands (to control the way the information is viewed). The storage medium 408 stores an address display tool software

410 which, when executed by the processor 404, provides various map view options 416 based on measurements ahead of the drill and / or around the drill collected by the registration tool 440.

In some embodiments, the input devices 406 include a touch screen, a mouse and / or an operable keyboard with a user interface to provide user inputs to switch between different map views, to display multiple map views, to allow different map view features, and / or to disable different map view features. In addition, the input devices 406 allow an operator to interact with an address display interface that assists the operator with addressing decisions using one or more of the map views described herein.

Map view options 416 include various options for two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) data graphs in which the position / orientation of the tool and the formation properties (e.g., resistivity or electromagnetic permeability) They are represented by colors, patterns and / or shapes. The particular training materials can also be identified by colors, patterns and / or shapes. In some embodiments, the patterns or shapes used to represent the properties of the formation have a predetermined appearance to represent the properties of the isotropic formation and a scaled appearance (with respect to the predetermined appearance) to represent the properties of the anisotropic formation. 2D / 3D data graph options can include the use of arrows, lines and / or strips to represent directions and distances (e.g. , the direction and distance between the drill bit and a bed limit). The 2D / 3D data graph options may also include an uncertainty estimate for the data that is displayed or represented. In some modalities, uncertainty is represented by varying the transparency of the data that is displayed (greater transparency represents greater uncertainty), varying the shadow of the data that is displayed, or by displaying an area of uncertainty for the data that is displayed. The 2D / 3D data graph options may also include displaying data corresponding to different investments along with investment identifiers. 2D / 3D data graph options may also include wrapping represented data that extends beyond the boundaries of the map view. 2D / 3D data graphics options may also include radar-style graphics to show the distance and direction between the bed limits and the drill bit.

In some embodiments, the storage medium 408 stores instructions that, when executed by the processor 404, cause the processor 404 to display map views with the features and / or map view options described herein. The instructions, when executed by the 404 processor, can also cause the 404 processor to switch between different map views in response to a user's request. The instructions, when executed by the 404 processor, can also cause the 404 processor to display multiple map views in response to a user's request. The instructions, when executed by the 404 processor, can also cause the 404 processor to enable or disable different map view features in response to a user's request.

The map view options 416 described herein display data based on investment options 412 and corresponding uncertainty calculations 414 used for the routing display software tool 410. In addition, in some embodiments, the map view options 416 described herein are interactive and display additional training information when the user selects interactive represented data. To support interactive operations, the addressing visualization software tool 410 includes a training detail module 418. The addressing visualization software tool 410 also includes a suggestion system 420 for suggesting routing actions on a base basis. at predetermined criteria and measurements in front of the drill and / or around the drill bit collected. The suggestion system 420 can display addressing suggestions such as lines, date or other direction indicators in a map view option 416 of the addressing visualization software tool 410. The suggestion system 420 can also display an alarm in response at predetermined criteria (e.g., the distance to a nearest bed limit less than a threshold amount).

Figures 5A-5U show various illustrative map view options for the addressing visualization software tool 410. Although not shown here, the various map view options of Figures 5A-5U may include color or symbol captions. to help an operator interpret the visualized data. Some of the map view options (see, p. eg, Figures 5A-5F and 5L-5S) provide ease of reading 2D map views to facilitate addressing decisions. As an example, Figures 5A-5F show forward or around measurements in real time within the range of the recording tool, but do not show data behind the drill. In alternative embodiments, map views similar to Figures 5A-5F can display measurements behind the drill bit or previous investment information. For example, a negative distance value and related formation measurements can be displayed for each true vertical depth (TVD) of Figures 5A-5F to show measurements behind the drill. However, Figures 5L-5S provide ease of reading 2D map views of measurements in front of the drill and behind the drill to show where the drill has been and where the drill is directed within a small range (e.g. eg, the interim of the registration tool). Other map view options (see, eg, Figures 5G-5J, 5T and 5U) allow operators to see the long-distance drilling path to review addressing strategies and subsurface formations. Other map view options (see, e.g., Figure 5K) allow an operator to see details of bed boundaries.

Figure 5A shows a 2D map view option that graphs front distance to bed limit as a function of true vertical depth (TVD), and that uses different colors to identify different resistivity values of the formation. In different modalities, color can be used to identify a resistivity value, an electromagnetic permeability value or other training parameters discernible by sensors / recording tools. In Figure 5A, the forward drill data represented for each TVD is in the direction of arrow 72 (see Figure 3). Therefore, for each TVD, the distance 0 (zero) corresponds to a reference point on the drill bit or near the drill bit, where the data represented is shown with respect to that reference point (up to 20 feet (6.09m) or another distance value within the range of the registration tool) in the direction of arrow 72.

As an example, in TVD 3730, three training materials and two boundaries are located in front of the drill bit within 20 feet (6.09m) of the reference point in the direction of arrow 72. More specifically, in TVD 3730, a first training material is between 0-10 feet (03.04m) in front of the reference point, a second training material is between 10-15 feet (3.04m-4.57m) in front of the drill, and a third formation material is between 15-20 feet (4.57m-6.09m) in front of the drill in the direction of arrow 72. Thus, in TVD 3730, there are two bed limits within 20 feet (6.09m) of the reference point in the direction of arrow 72. A limit is approximately 10 feet (3.04m) in front of the drill while the other limit is approximately 15 feet (4.57) in front of the drill. Each of these bed limits is represented by a line, which corresponds to the relative inclination of the tool with respect to the bed limit (ie, the angle 80 set for Figure 3). It will be understood that this angle may vary for different bed limits and for different TVD.

Figure 5B shows a 2D map view option that graphs a distance of around or lateral to the next bed limit based on true vertical depth (TVD), and that uses different colors to identify different resistivity values of the formation. As mentioned for Figure 5A, color can be used to identify a resistivity value, an electromagnetic permeability value or other formation parameters discernible by sensors / recording tools. In Figure 5B, the lateral distance data represented for each TVD is in the direction of arrow 70 (see Figure 3). Therefore, for each TVD, the distance 0 (zero) corresponds to a reference point on the drill bit or near the drill bit, where the represented data is displayed with respect to that reference point (up to 20 feet or other distance value within the range of the registration tool) in the direction of arrow 70. As an example, in

TVD 3700, two formation materials and a boundary are within 2.0 feet of the reference point in the direction of arrow 70. The bed boundary is represented by the line having an angle related to the angle of inclination (angle 80 in figure 3). It will be understood that this angle may vary for different bed limits and for different TVD.

Figure 5C shows a 2D map view option that graphs forward distance to bed limit as a function of true vertical depth (TVD), and that uses pattern density (i.e., a higher pattern density represents a resistivity value major) to identify different resistivity values of the formation. In different modalities, specific pattern density or patterns can be used to identify a resistivity value, an electromagnetic permeability value or other training parameters discernible by sensors / recording tools. The data represented in Figure 5C is the same as the data represented in Figure 5A, except that the pattern density is used in Figure 5C to identify different resistivity values of the formation instead of color.

Figure 5D shows a 2D map view option that graphs distance from around to bed limit as a function of true vertical depth (TVD), and that uses pattern density to identify different resistivity values of the formation. In different modalities, specific pattern density or patterns can be used to identify a resistivity value, an electromagnetic permeability value or other training parameters discernible by sensors / recording tools. The data represented in Figure 5D are the same as the data represented in Figure 5B, except that the

<td>density</td><td>from</td><td>pattern is used</td><td>in</td><td colspan="2">Figure 5D for</td>

<td colspan="2">identify</td><td>different values</td><td>from</td><td>resistivity of</td><td>the</td>

<td>training</td><td>in</td><td>color place.</td><td></td><td></td><td></td>

<td>The</td><td colspan="2">Figure 5E shows models</td><td>from</td><td>isotropic formation</td><td>Y</td>

anisotropic, which can be used in certain map view options. As shown in Figure 5E, the anisotropic formation model is a scaled version of the isotropic formation model, which may correspond to a predetermined pattern. When applied to map views, different scaling can be applied in different directions, where each scaling corresponds to the property of the formation in that direction. The pattern itself may vary. Figure 5E shows various illustrative patterns that may be suitable for showing anisotropy, including shape patterns, line / arrow patterns and grid patterns.

Figure 5F is similar to Figure 5A and shows a 2D map view option that graphs front distance to bed limit as a function of true vertical depth (TVD), and uses different colors to identify different resistivity values of the training. In Figure 5F, the lines representing bed boundaries are straight and do not convey relative inclination angle information. Instead, the relative tilt angle information is represented for each different TVD as an arrow with its tail at distance 0 (zero). Each arrow or other relative tilt angle indicator represents the relative tilt between the drill or the reference point and the nearest bed limit. In alternative embodiments, the size, position and / or relative tilt angle indicator may vary. In addition, a numerical value can be displayed in addition to, or instead of, a form-based indicator. In addition, the relative tilt angle information can be omitted for some TVD.

Although not shown, a 2D map view similar to Figure 5B can be visualized, where the bed boundary lines are straight and a side is shown relative to the angle of inclination indicator (i.e., the 90 degree complement of the inclination angle 80 in figure 3) for each TVD. In alternative modalities, the size, position and / or lateral with respect to the inclination angle indicator may vary. In addition, a numerical value can be displayed in addition to, or instead of, a form-based indicator. It will be understood that the angle value may vary for different bed limits and for different

TVD. In addition, the side with respect to the inclination angle indicator can be omitted for some TVD.

Figures 5A-5F illustrate 2D map views that display formation properties (e.g., formation resistivity and / or electromagnetic permeability) in a single predetermined direction with respect to a reference point for the tool as a function of the depth. In some embodiments, the default address corresponds to an address in front of the drill with respect to the reference point. In alternative embodiments, the predetermined direction corresponds to a lateral direction to the drill with respect to the reference point. In addition, a line with slopes can be visualized in the map views of Figures 5A-5F to represent a bed boundary between two layers of the formation displayed for a depth value, where an angle of the line with slopes corresponds to a relative inclination angle indicator between the predetermined direction and the bed limit. In alternative embodiments, a straight line can be visualized in the map views of Figures 5A-5F to represent a bed boundary between two layers of the formation displayed for a depth value, where a relative tilt angle indicator is displayed. separated from the straight line for the depth value to represent an angle between the predetermined direction and the bed limit. The relative inclination angle indicator may be an arrow whose tail is at or near the reference point for the tool, where an angle of the arrow with respect to the reference point transmits relative inclination angle information. In some embodiments, a different relative inclination angle indicator for each depth value with a bed limit can be displayed in the map views of Figures 5A5F.

To visualize the properties of the formation (e.g., the resistivity of the formation and / or the electromagnetic permeability), the map views of Figures 5A-5F can use color, where the different colors represent different property values of the formation. In alternative embodiments, the map views of Figures 5A-5F can use patterns to visualize formation properties, where different pattern densities represent different values of formation properties. In addition, the pattern can be scaled in at least one direction with respect to a predetermined pattern to represent property values of the anisotropic formation.

Figure 5G shows a 3D map view option that graphs a drilling path and bed boundaries, and uses different colors, shapes or patterns to identify different values of formation attributes for bed boundaries. In Figure 5G, a cube or other shape is positioned along the drilling path at each TVD value, where the orientation of the cube or shape may correspond to the orientation of the tool. When plotting data from the front of the drill and / or around the drill in multiple TVDs along the well path, a representation of bed boundaries within the range of the recording tool is displayed. The bed limits may be represented by color, shapes, prisms or lines, where the angle or inclination displayed of the bed limit corresponds to the inclination of the limit with respect to the perspective view provided by the 3D map view. The exemplary 3D map view of Figure 5G can be plotted, for example, by plotting data from around the drill for each TVD. As a specific example, the object of the tool 504 along the path of the well 502 may be associated with the property object of the formation 506, where the angle of the object of the tool 504 represents the orientation of the tool and the angle of the property object of the formation 506 represents the relative inclination angle of the nearest bed limit (i.e., the angle 80 raised for Figure 3). It will be understood that the relative inclination angle may vary for different bed limits and for different TVD. In Figure 5G, there are approximately 40 blocks of TVD and 4 0 forms of bed boundaries (one for each TVD block). However, it should be noted that not all TVDs have an associated bed limit form (if there is no bed limit within the range of the tool in a given TVD). In addition, some TVDs may be associated with multiple forms of bed limits (if there are multiple bed limits within the range of the tool in a given TVD).

In some embodiments, the 3D map view option in Figure 5G includes multiple interactive points along the drilling path that, after selection, displays

<td colspan="2">information</td><td>additional</td><td>such as</td><td>a</td><td>distance to</td><td>a limit</td><td>from</td>

<td>bed</td><td>plus</td><td>near,</td><td>an angle</td><td>from</td><td>inclination</td><td>relative</td><td>to the</td>

<td>limit</td><td>from</td><td>bed more</td><td>near,</td><td>a</td><td colspan="2">azimuth angle for</td><td>the</td>

nearest bed limit, and / or other information. Figure 5H shows a rotated 3D map view option related to the 3D map view option of Figure 5G. The rotated 3D map views as illustrated in Figure 5H can facilitate the visualization of the plotted data. In addition, Figure 5H shows details of the formation (bed inclination = 20 ° and bed azimuth = 45 °) for one of the interactive points along the drilling path. As an example, the details of the training can be displayed when a user selects a specific interactive point or passes over the interactive point with a cursor.

Figures 5I-5J show 2D map view options related to the 3D map view option of Figure 5G. More specifically, Figure 51 shows the drilling path and bed limits plotted as a function of TVD and the east / west horizontal coordinates, Figure 5J shows the drilling path and bed limits plotted as a function of TVD and coordinates North / South horizontals, and Figure 5K shows the bed boundary objects plotted as a function of the east / west horizontal coordinates and the north / south horizontal coordinates. As in Figure 5G, different colors or patterns can be used in Figures 5I-5J to identify different formation resistivity values for bed boundaries. In addition, the 2D map view options of Figures 5I-5J may include interactive points along the drilling path that visualize formation parameters, after selection, as described herein. The 2D / 3D map view options of Figures 5G-5J can use different patterns, different pattern densities, and / or different pattern scaling to show resistivity values as described herein.

As shown, Figures 5G-5J illustrate 2D or 3D map views that visualize a drilling path (e.g., track 502 in Figure 5G) with drilling track objects (e.g., the object 504) and bed boundary objects (e.g., object 506 in Figure 5G) corresponding to various depth values along the drilling path. In some embodiments, each bed limit object displayed marks part of a bed limit. In addition, each displayed bed limit object can transmit information about formation properties such as resistivity or electromagnetic permeability. Meanwhile, each drill track object displayed is located on or near the drill track and can transmit information on the orientation of the tool and / or formation properties along the drill track. For example, each bed boundary object or perforation track object of Figures 5G-5J may have a pattern color or attribute to indicate a resistivity value of the electromagnetic formation or permeability. In addition, each bed limit object may have an inclination angle attribute to indicate a relative inclination angle value for a bed limit with respect to a reference point for the tool. In addition, each bed limit object may have an azimuth angle attribute to indicate a relative azimuth for a bed limit with respect to a reference point for the tool. Similarly, each drill track object may have an inclination angle attribute to indicate a relative inclination angle value for the tool with respect to a reference point, and may have an azimuth angle attribute to indicate a value azimuth angle for the tool with respect to a reference point.

It will be understood that the map views of figures 5G5J are rotatable in at least one direction. In addition, the map views of Figures 5G-5J can support magnification and reduction characteristics. In addition, the map views of Figures 5G-5J can support the selection of a bed limit object or drill track object to display complementary data related to the bed limit object or drill track object. For example, the complementary drilling track object data may include a numerical value for an angle of inclination of the tool with respect to a reference point, a numerical value for an azimuth of the tool with respect to a reference point, and a numerical value for the resistivity of the formation or the electromagnetic permeability in an object of selected or near drilling path. Meanwhile, complementary bed limit object data may include a numerical value for a relative inclination angle of a bed limit, a numerical value for an azimuth angle between a tool orientation and a bed limit, and a numerical value for formation resistivity or electromagnetic permeability in or near a bed limit object. Figures 5L-5R show 2D map view options that plot the distance to the bed limit lines as a function of vertical depth. The length of the distance to the bed limit lines corresponds to a scaled physical distance. Meanwhile, the angle of the distance to the bed limit lines (with respect to the center line in Figures 5L-5R) corresponds to an inclination relative to the bed limit at the vertical depth associated with each distance to the lines of bed limit It should be noted that the angle for the distance to the bed limit lines can be measured with respect to a horizontal or vertical axis.

In Figure 5L, the arrows are used as distance lines. In addition, Figure 5L shows, for several distance lines, details of the formation including inclination relative to the nearest bed limit (Θ), azimuth for the nearest bed limit (φ), and distance to the bed limit plus close (d). In Figure 5M, an azimuth indicator is shown (e.g. , a circle with a line representing a degree) at the end of each distance line to show azimuthal information for the nearest bed limit. More specifically, the azimuthal information is drawn as a line within a circle, where the orientation of the line within the circle represents the azimuth of the nearest bed boundary. In Figure 5N, an azimuthal indicator is shown for each distance line along one side to show azimuthal information for a bed limit with respect to the orientation of a tool. Here, it should be noted that the direction and distance to a bed limit are defined with respect to a selected point of the bed limit to a predetermined reference point of the tool. For example, the selected point of the bed limit may be the point with the shortest distance to the predetermined reference point of the tool. The depth of each azimuthal indicator in Figure 5N corresponds to the depth of its associated distance line. In Figure 50, the distance lines are dotted and the azimuthal indicators are simplified as a line at the end of each distance line. In Figure 5P, strips are used to represent distance lines. In Figures 5L-5P, the top three lines or strips have greater transparency to convey a greater degree of uncertainty regarding their values. In alternative modalities, color variations or shadows (eg, a lighter shadow represents more uncertainty) may be used instead of transparency to represent different levels of uncertainty.

Figure 5Q shows two sets of distance lines. The first set of distance lines (dotted line arrows) is associated with a first inversion algorithm, and the second set of distance lines (solid line arrows) is associated with a second inversion algorithm. As shown, the two sets of distance lines vary slightly. As an example, the different investments may correspond to two sets of registration data for the same region collected at different frequencies. Some LWD operators may favor the distance lines associated with the first investment algorithm, while others favor the distance lines associated with the second investment algorithm. Furthermore , some operators may wish to review the distance between the distance lines associated with two or more investment algorithms.

Figure 5R shows distance lines with an area of uncertainty at the end of each distance line. In some modalities, the area of uncertainty is estimated using a noise injection operation that injects noise into a measurement plotting process and analyzes the density of the result. In alternative modalities, an estimate of an investment quality (Qf) can be displayed for each distance line.

As shown, Figures 5L-5R illustrate 2D map views that display a separate distance to the bed limit indicator (e.g., distance lines) for each of the multiple different depth values. The map views of Figures 5L-5R can also display a center line to represent a reference point for the tool depending on the depth. In some embodiments, each distance to the bed limit indicator corresponds to an arrow that extends between the center line and a bed limit. In alternative embodiments, each distance to the bed limit indicator corresponds to a strip that extends at least between the center line and a nearest bed limit. It will be understood that each arrow or strip may have a color or pattern to provide information on the formation resistivity or electromagnetic permeability.

The map views of Figures 5L-5R can display an azimuth indicator for at least one of the distance to the bed limit indicators to represent an angle between a bed limit azimuth and a tool reference azimuth . For example, the azimuthal indicator can be displayed at or near a bed limit related to a distance to the nearest bed limit indicator (e.g. eg, at the tip of an arrow or near it that ends at the bed limit). In alternative embodiments, the azimuthal indicator can be displayed along one side of the map view at a depth corresponding to a distance related to the bed limit indicator. The azimuth indicator may be a radial line within a circular shape to represent the angle between a bed limit azimuth and a tool reference azimuth.

In addition, the map views of Figures 5L-5R can display a bed boundary line for one or more distances to the bed boundary indicators, where an angle of a bed boundary line corresponds to an angle value of relative inclination with respect to a reference point for the tool. In addition, in some embodiments, at least one of the distances displayed to the bed limit indicators is partially transparent to show a level of uncertainty as described herein.

In at least some embodiments, the map views of Figures 5L-5R are interactive and support the selection of a distance to the nearest bed limit indicator to display complementary data related to the distance to the bed limit indicator. As an example, the supplementary data may include a numerical value of a relative inclination angle value between a tool orientation and the related bed limit, a numerical value of the relative azimuthal angle value between a tool orientation and the limit of related bed, and / or a numerical value of a distance between a reference point for the tool and the related bed limit.

In addition, the map views of Figures 5L-5R can display an area of uncertainty for at least one distance to the bed limit indicator, where the area of uncertainty corresponds to a range of possible values for the distance related to the limit indicator. of bed. For example, the area of uncertainty may be an enclosed form (eg, a circle), where a distance related to the bed limit indicator points to a center of the form.

In at least some embodiments, a map view (e.g., the map view of Figure 5Q) displays two sets of distances to the bed limit indicators corresponding to two different data sets collected by the tool. The different data sets may correspond to record data sets captured using two different frequencies for a recording tool, or to record data sets captured using two different types of registration tools.

In addition, it will be understood that if there are multiple bed limits within the measurement range of the tool, map views such as those shown in Figures 5L-5R can display multiple distances to bed limit indicators extending from the Same depth value. For example, multiple arrows are strips that can extend from a single depth value to different bed limits. In such a case, different colors and / or arrow patterns can be used to ensure different distances to the bed limit indicators that can be distinguished. In addition, it will be understood that even if there are multiple bed limits within the measurement range of the tool, map views such as those shown in Figures 5L-5R can only show the distance to the bed limit indicators for the nearest bed limits.

Figure 5S shows a radar map view option that graphs the distance ahead or from around to a nearest bed limit depending on the azimuth. In Figure 5S, the drill is displayed in the center of the radar map, and concentric circles are used to represent the distance. In Figure 5S, information about resistivity colors / patterns, formation details and algorithm can be visualized as described herein.

As shown, Figure 5S illustrates a radar map view that visualizes a tool reference point and concentric circles around the tool reference point to represent the distance from the tool reference point. In Figure 5S, the radar map view displays formation properties as a function of the azimuth with respect to an axis for the tool.

In at least some embodiments, the radar map view of Figure 5S can display an azimuthal indicator with respect to an azimuthal reference point for the tool. In other words, the map view can display a cross-sectional view along the axis of the tool, where the transverse angle is relative to an azimuthal reference point for the tool. It will be understood that many different cross-sectional views are possible along the axis of the tool (that is, there is a 360 degree range) and, therefore, different map views are possible. Regardless of the particular azimuth, a radar map view can display a tool object that extends from the reference point of the tool (in the center) to an upper part of the radar map view. In alternative embodiments, a radar map view can display a tool object that extends from the tool reference point to one side of the radar map view along an angle related to a tool orientation. In such a case, the cross-sectional view along the axis of the tool, which is represented by the radar map view, is adjusted accordingly.

In addition, the radar map view can be interactive and supports the selection of a property of the displayed formation to visualize complementary data. For example, the supplementary data includes a numerical value of a relative inclination angle value between a tool orientation and a bed limit, a numerical value of the relative azimuth angle value between a tool orientation and a bed limit. , and / or a numerical value of a distance between the tool reference point and a bed limit. Also, in some

<td>modalities,</td><td>a</td><td>map view</td><td>Radar</td><td colspan="2">visualize</td><td>a</td><td>indicator</td>

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provide information related to the specific registration tool, frequency and / or investment technique related to the layers of the training displayed.

Figures 5T and 5U show envelope map view options that plot a well path based on true vertical depth (TVD), and that wrap well path data or other data when map boundaries are exceeded. Here, wrapping means coordinate mapping so that the position of the shape is always within the edges of the figure. A particular type of wrap moves the lines that leave the edges of the right side, to the left side, and vice versa. In Figure 5T, the distance lines (distance to the nearest bed limit indicators) extend from the well path and can be used to determine a bed limit. Meanwhile, in figure 5U, the bed limit lines and vertical depth information are displayed.

As shown, Figures 5T and 5U illustrate envelope map views that visualize a perforation path and bed boundaries as a function of depth and horizontal position, where the map view envelops the horizontal position of the perforation path. displayed on the opposite side of the map view when a horizontal length of the drilling path exceeds a horizontal position range of the map view. In some embodiments, an envelope map view can display the distance to the nearest bed limit indicators for each of the multiple different depth values. In addition, a wrapping map view can display a separate bed limit line for each of the distances to the nearest bed limit indicators. In addition, a wrapping map view can display a relative tilt angle indicator for at least one of the distances to the nearest bed limit indicators.

In some embodiments, an envelope map view can display a continuous line for each bed limit. In such a case, the distance to the nearest bed limit indicators can be omitted. In addition, part of the envelope map view can display a vertical depth value for each bed limit.

Figure 6 is a flowchart of an illustrative method 602 for an LWD system. As shown, method 602 includes collecting data ahead or around (block 604). In block 606, investments and uncertainty estimates are calculated. In block 608, the 2D or 3D map view options are displayed based on the investments. The map view options displayed in block 608 may correspond to any of the map view examples described in Figures 5A-5U, combinations thereof or variations thereof. In some modes, different map views can be displayed at the same time.

Upon request, block details are displayed in block 610. The details of the formation can refer to the alphanumeric characters and values that appear after the selection of an interactive line, shape or point in a displayed map view. In block 612, drilling suggestions or alarms are provided. The drilling suggestions may correspond to lines or arrows in a map view to show a suggested drilling direction. Meanwhile, an alarm may correspond to an audio or visual indicator, and related values that triggered the alarm (e.g., which is closer to a bed limit closer than a predetermined threshold). A drilling suggestion may accompany an alarm or not. In some embodiments, method 602 is performed through a computer that runs routing display software as described herein. Once method 602 provides the information, an LWD operator can select appropriate routing commands for an LWD tool.

In some embodiments, displaying a map view option in block 608 includes displaying a 2D map view that shows formation properties in a unique predetermined direction with respect to a reference point for the tool based on depth. Additionally or alternatively, displaying a map view option in block 608 includes displaying a 2D or 3D map view showing a perforation path and at least one separate 2D or 3D drilling path object for each of the multiple values. different purpose along the drilling path. Additionally or alternatively, displaying a map view option in block 608 includes displaying a 2D map view showing a separate distance to the bed limit indicator for each of the multiple different depth values. Additionally or alternatively, displaying a map view option in block 608 includes displaying a radar map view showing a tool reference point and concentric circles around the tool reference point to represent the distance from the point of tool reference, where the radar map view displays objects that are property of the formation based on the azimuth with respect to an axis for the tool. The objects owned by the formation may be boundary lines and / or formation information such as resistivity or electromagnetic permeability. Additionally or alternatively, displaying a map view option in block 608 includes displaying a map view showing a perforation path and bed boundaries based on depth and horizontal position, where the map view involves the horizontal position. of the drill path displayed on the opposite side of the map view when a horizontal length of the drill track exceeds a horizontal position range of the map view.

In different map views, different features can be allowed or disabled. For example, map views can employ a resistivity scaling feature that scales a to represent property values of anisotropic formation. In addition, map views can use different colors or patterns to identify different values of resistivity or permeability of the formation. In addition, map views can use interactive drilling track objects and / or bed limit objects, where to select (eg by clicking or moving a cursor over an object) an object causes the display of complementary data as described herein. Additionally or alternatively, displaying a map view option in block 6 08 includes showing uncertainty characteristics that use transparency, areas of uncertainty, or different investment data charts to show a level of uncertainty for the plotted data.

It will be understood that the various modalities of the present description described above can be used with various types of measurements ahead of the drill or around the drill without departing from the principles of the present description. In addition, the illustrated map view options are merely examples of useful map views incorporated by the principles of the description, which is not limited to any specific detail of these modalities. Of course, one skilled in the art, after careful consideration of the above description of modalities representative of the description, will readily understand that modifications, additions, substitutions, deletions, and other changes to the specific modalities, and changes can be made are contemplated by the principles of the present description.

It is noted that in relation to this date, the best method known by the applicant to implement said invention is that which is clear from the present description of the invention.

Contents8

25 members in 11 offices

This recordMember, by publication datePriority claim1 more office is in the list below

Priority claims3

Priority claims
Document	Office	Kind	Date
2013045650	United States of America	W	2013-06-13
2013045650	United States of America	W	2013-06-13
WO2013US45650	–	–	–

Members25

Family members, oldest first
Document	Office	Kind
CA2911648A1	Canada	A1	2014-12-18
WO2014200491A1	World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)	A1	2014-12-18
AU2013392071A1	Australia	A1	2015-11-26
AR096259A1	Argentina	A1	2015-12-16
GB201519522D0	United Kingdom	D0	2015-12-23
CN105229492A	China	A	2016-01-06
EP2984506A1	European Patent Office (EPO)	A1	2016-02-17
GB2529771A	United Kingdom	A	2016-03-02
DE112013007153T5	Germany	T5	2016-03-03
MX2015015503A	Mexico	A	2016-06-21
US2016195633A1	United States of America	A1	2016-07-07
AU2013392071B2	Australia	B2	2017-06-29
AU2017204026A1	Australia	A1	2017-07-06
RU2015148612A	Russian Federation	A	2017-07-18
EP2984506A4	European Patent Office (EPO)	A4	2017-07-26
RU2660218C2	Russian Federation	C2	2018-07-05
US10197699B2	United States of America	B2	2019-02-05
MX367014BThis record	Mexico	B	2019-08-02
CN105229492B	China	B	2019-08-16
AU2017204026B2	Australia	B2	2019-09-12
AU2019280034A1	Australia	A1	2020-01-16
CA2911648C	Canada	C	2020-04-14
GB2529771B	United Kingdom	B	2020-09-02
AU2019280034B2	Australia	B2	2021-02-25
EP2984506B1	European Patent Office (EPO)	B1	2022-07-20