EFFICIENT NETWORK LAYER FOR IPv6 PROTOCOL.

(54) Title: EFFICIENT NETWORK LAYER FOR IPV6 PROTOCOL.

(54) Title: EFFICIENT NETWORK LAYER FOR IPv6 PROTOCOL.

(57) Summary

An electronic device may include a network interface that can allow the electronic device to wirelessly couple the electronic device to other 'electronic devices. The electronic device may also include a processor that can determine at least one data path to the other electronic devices using a Routing Mechanism - Next Generation Information Protocol (RIPng). After identifying at least one data path to the other electronic devices, the processor can determine whether the identified or identified data path or paths is or is safe or secure using a Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) protocol. If the identified or identified data path (s) is determined to be or is safe or secure, the processor may send Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) data packets to other electronic devices via the data path (s). safe or secure.

(57) Abstract

An electronic device may include a network interface that may enable the electronic device to wirelessly couple the electronic device to other electronic devices. The electronic device may also include a processor that may determine at least one data path to the other electronic devices using a Routing Information Protocol - Next Generation (RIPng) routing mechanism. After identifying at least one data path to the other electronic devices, the processor may determine whether the identified data path (s) is secure using a Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) protocol. If the identified data path (s) ¡determined to be secure, the processor may send Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) data packets to the other electronic devices via the secure data path (s).

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PATENT TITLE No. 360484. 'Μ. I, * ^ 9 ι> i, wm'TTítat

Headlines):

GOOGLE INC.

Home:

1600 Amphitheater Parkway, Mountain View, California, 94043, E.ll.A.

Name: EFFICIENT NETWORK LAYER FOR IPv6 PROTOCOL.

Classification:

H04L12 / 741; H

H04W8

H0 ^ 4H04W

M4Q4W80 / 045;

GRAÑ ^ ÍiERICKSO

H04W12 / 06; H04W40 / 02; H04W40 / 24;

CIP:

CPC:

Inventor (s)

The patent of refere

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26/12/

No.

MX / a / 20T

Validity: Date of V Date of Ex

In accordance with the ai from the date of filing

Who subscribes to this title is (Official Gazette of the Federation 01/25/2006, 06/06/2009, 06/01/2010, and 12th sections I and III of the Regime, 07/28/2004 and 09/07/2007 ); articles 1, 3 », &lt;Industrial Property (DOF 12/27/1999, reform powers in the Deputy Directors General, Co-Coordinators, Departmental and other subordinates of 07/29/2004, 08/04/2004 and 09/13/2007 ).

H04L63 / 061; H04L63 / 065;

H04W40 / 02; H04W40 / 24;

carry over, counted to rights.

the Industrial Property Law 1999, 01/26/2004, 06/16/2005, the 1 ', 3rd fraction V subsection a), 4th signed on 07/01/2002, 07/15/2004, rgámco del Instituto Mexicano de la M ", 3" and 5 'subsection a) of the Agreement that delegates regional offices, Divisional Deputy Directors, trial. (DOF 12/15/1999, amended on 02/04/2000,

This letter is signed with an advanced electronic signature (FIEL), based on articles 7 BIS 2 of the Industrial Property Law; 3rd of its Regulations, and 1 section III, 2 section V, 26 BIS and 26 TER of the Agreement establishing the guidelines for the use of the Electronic Payment and Services Portal (PASE) of the Mexican Institute of Industrial Property, in the procedures indicated.

THE DIVISIONAL DIRECTOR OF PATENTS

NAHANNY CANAL REYES

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Original string:

NAHANNY MARISOL CANAL REYES | 00001000000403252793 | Administration Service

Tax | 1695 || MX / 2019/6163 | MX / a / 2017/015061 | Normal patent title with divisional PCT | 1220 | RRGO | Page (s) 1 | JdxVoRXCO2yPBhoTatdw98JwmfU =

Digital Seal: ceqp4ein5GrjHfiUXZ / JcdP6QMBToQq3JUwJxuhOs2CSp7Qzu5tHj / 0 / OWVKi4V¡2Yu9bJPerE / ijmOjszxiQPAI6k GyUo9fNZrNFMz2QVnVKTIitkyS7NSADVoz / 9llf4Uf5IM9aQelJiD5 / MluPF6lcmwTdNEH57r7tnq5aJUsHXQqgiii oTB9anijzqO1T0RPaHcyDs4VQhf8b87vWUu / OJIQconSWMNyl5qlpcNfHAGmfTzQ2NcUee1yxXT7BnPrbsWRgqlZ5J Hni5GB5uK7IKLArsPfRcoZUwO6kXtoUdM4CDGhJSnDU78 / zPbf5OutY0ZcklzR6ZnloyQ + Xw ==

Arenal No. 550, Floor 1, Pueblo Santa María Tepepan, Xochimilco, 16020. Mexico City.

(55) 53340700 www.gob.mx/ Olímpi

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MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF PROPERTY

EFFICIENT NETWORK LAYER FOR PROTOCOL | Pviy^DUSTRtAL

Background of the Invention

This section is intended to introduce the reader to various aspects of the technique that may be related to various aspects of the present techniques, which are described and / or claimed below. This discussion is believed to be useful in providing the reader with background information to facilitate a better understanding of the different aspects of the present invention. Accordingly, it should be understood that these statements should be read in this regard, and not as prior art admissions.

Numerous electronic devices are now capable of connecting to wireless networks. For example, smart meter technology employs a wireless network to communicate electrical energy consumption data associated with residential properties back to a utility for monitoring, billing, and the like. In this way, a number of wireless networking standards are currently available to enable electronic devices to communicate with each other. Some smart meter implementations, for example, employ Internet Protocol (IPv6) version 6 over low-energy wireless personal area networks (6L0WPAN) to enable electronic devices to communicate with a smart meter. However, currently available wireless networking standards such as 6L0WPAN may not generally be well equipped to support electronic devices scattered throughout a residence or house for one or more practical scenarios. That is, currently available wireless network standards may not efficiently connect all electronic devices on a network in a safe but simple and consumer-friendly manner in view of one or more known practical restrictions. Even more,

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For one or more practical scenarios, currently available wireless networking standards may not provide an efficient way to add new electronic devices to an existing wireless network in an ad hoc manner.

Also, when providing a wireless network standard for electronic devices for use in and around a home, it would be beneficial to use a wireless network standard that provides an open protocol for different devices to learn how to access the network. Likewise, given the number of electronic devices that can be associated with a home, it would be beneficial if the wireless network standard were able to support communication through version 6 of the Internet Protocol (IPv6) so that each device can have a unique IP address and may be able to be accessed through the Internet, through a local network in a home environment, and the like. Furthermore, it would be beneficial if the wireless network standard allowed electronic devices to communicate within the wireless network using a minimal amount of energy. With these features in mind, it is believed that one or more disadvantages are presented by each currently available and known wireless networking standard in the context of providing a low-energy IPv6-based wireless mesh network standard that has an open protocol and that can be used for electronic devices in and around a home. For example, wireless network standards such as Bluetooth®, Dust Networks®, Z-wave®, WiFi, and ZigBee® cannot provide one or more of the desired features described above.

Bluetooth®, for example, generally provides a wireless network standard for communicating over short distances through short wavelength radio transmissions. In this way, the Bluetooth® wireless network standard might not support a communication network of a number of electronic devices arranged throughout a home.

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Bluetooth® may not support wireless mesh communication or ιϋιυυυΙυπβϊΙΡνβ? '^

As mentioned above, the wireless networking standard provided by Dust Networks® can also cause one or more disadvantages with respect to one or more features that would allow electronic devices in a home to communicate efficiently with each other. In particular, the Dust Networks®k wireless network standard may not provide an open protocol that could be used by others to interface with devices operating on the Dust Networks® network. Instead, Dust Networks® may be designed to facilitate communication between devices located in industrial environments such as assembly lines, chemical plants, and the like. In this way, the Dust Networks® wireless network standard could be aimed at providing a reliable communication network that has predefined time windows in which each device can communicate with other devices and listen to instructions from other devices. Thus, the Dust Networks® wireless network standard may require relatively expensive and sophisticated radio transmissions that may not be economical to implement with consumer electronic devices for use in the home.

Like the Dust Networks® wireless network standard, the wireless network standard associated with Z-wave® may not be an open protocol. Instead, the Z-Wave® wireless network standard may be available only to authorized customers who integrate a specific transceiver chip into their device. Furthermore, the Z-Wave® wireless network standard may not support communication based on

IPv6. That is, the Z-Wave® wireless network standard may require a device

INSTITUTO MEXICANO OE LA PHOPIEDAD bridge to translate data generated on a Z-Wave® device to ba§6Ha¡ that could be transmitted over the Internet. ------- Now referring to the ZigBee® wireless network standards, ZigBee® has two standards commonly known as ZigBee® Pro and ZigBee® IP. Furthermore, ZigBee® Pro could have one or more disadvantages in the context of supporting wireless mesh networks. Instead, ZigBee® Pro could rely at least in part on a central device that facilitates communication between each device on the ZigBee® Pro network. In addition to the increased power requirements for that core device, devices that remain to process or reject certain wireless traffic can generate additional heat within their housings that could alter certain sensor readings, such as temperature readings, acquired by the device. Since these sensor readings could be helpful in determining how each device can function within the home, it may be beneficial to avoid unnecessary heat generation within the device that could alter the sensor readings. Also, ZigBee® Pro may not support IPv6 communication.

Now referring to ZigBee® IP, ZigBee® IP may cause one or more disadvantages in the context of direct device-to-device communication. ZigBee® IP is directed toward facilitating communication by releasing device data to a router or central device. In this way, the router or central device may require constant activation and therefore may not represent a low-energy medium for communications between devices. In addition, ZigBee® IP could have a practical limit on the number of nodes (that is, around 20 nodes per led) that could be used in a single network. Also, ZigBee® IP uses "Wave" routing protocol (RPL) that can exhibit high bandwidth requirements,

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INSTITUTO MEXICANO processing and memory, which may involve additional energy pacan ^ ácl

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connected to ZigBee® IP. ....... .—

Like the ZigBee® wireless networking standards described above, WiFi wireless networking can exhibit one or more disadvantages in terms of enabling communications between devices that have low power requirements. For example, the WiFi wireless network standard may also require that each device on the network be always activated, and may also require the presence of a central node or distributor. As known in the art, WiFi is a relatively common wireless network standard that can be ideal for relatively high bandwidth data transmissions (eg streaming video, device sync). In this way, WiFi devices are typically coupled to a continuous power source or rechargeable batteries to support the constant stream of data transmissions between devices. Also, the WiFi wireless network may not support wireless mesh networks. Still, WiFi can sometimes offer better connectivity than some lower power consumption protocols.

Brief description of the invention

The following is a brief description of certain modalities described herein. It should be understood that these aspects are presented simply to provide the reader with a brief summary of these particular embodiments and that these aspects are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In fact, this invention may encompass a variety of aspects that may not be stated below.

The embodiments of the present invention refer to an electronic device such as a thermostat that can be arranged in a building (for example,

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IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE

OF THE PROPERTY

INDUSTRIAL home or office) in such a way that the electronic device can communicate wirelessly with another electronic device located in the same building. In one embodiment, the electronic device can include a network interface that can allow the electronic device to wirelessly couple the electronic device to the other electronic device through a wireless mesh network. The electronic device may also include a processor that can determine at least one data path through the wireless mesh network with the other electronic device, using a Routing Mechanism - Next Generation Information Protocol (RIPng) and the network interface. After identifying at least one data path 10 to the other electronic device, the processor can determine whether the identified or identified data path or paths is or is safe or secure using a Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) protocol. If the identified or identified data path (s) is determined to be or is safe or secure, the processor may send Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) data packets to the other electronic device via the data path (s). safe or secure. As a result, the electronic device can establish a secure communication network between itself and the other electronic device arranged in the same building with relatively little user input.

Various refinements of the characteristics noted above can be used in connection with various aspects of the present invention. Additional features can also be incorporated in these various aspects as well. These additional refinements and features can be used individually or in any combination. For example, various features described below in connection with one or more of the illustrated embodiments may be incorporated into any of the above described aspects of the present invention alone or in any combination. The brief summary

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IMPI

THE MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY presented above tries only to familiarize the reader with certain aspects and modalities contexts of the present invention without limitation to the claimed objective matter?

Brief description of the drawings

Various aspects of this invention can be better understood after reading the following detailed description and then referring to the drawings in which:

Figure 1 illustrates a block diagram of a general device that can communicate with other devices arranged in a home environment using an efficient network layer protocol, in accordance with one embodiment.

Figure 2 illustrates a block diagram of a home environment in which the general device of Figure 1 can communicate with other devices through the efficient network layer protocol, in accordance with one embodiment.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a wireless mesh network associated with the devices illustrated in the home environment of FIG. 2, in accordance with one embodiment.

Figure 4 illustrates a block diagram of an Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model that characterizes a communication system for the home environment of Figure 2, in accordance with one embodiment.

Figure 5 illustrates a detailed view of an efficient network layer in the OSI model of Figure 4, according to one embodiment.

Figure 6 illustrates a flowchart of a method for implementing a Next Generation Routing Information Protocol (RIPng) network as a routing mechanism in the efficient network layer of Figure 5, in accordance with one embodiment.

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IMPI Mexican iMffnTUTO

THE PROPERTY _

Figures 7A-7D illustrate an example of how the network method of Figure 6 can be implemented, according to a m

Figure 8 illustrates a block diagram of a manufacturing process that includes integrating a security certificate into the general device of Figure 1, in accordance with one embodiment.

Figure 9 illustrates an example of a transfer protocol between devices in the home environment of figure 2 using Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) protocol in the efficient network layer of figure 5, according to a modality .

Detailed description of the invention

One or more specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below. These described modalities are only examples of the currently described techniques. Furthermore, in an effort to provide a concise description of these modalities, all the features of a real implementation might not be described in the description. It should be appreciated that any actual implementation of this type, like any engineering or design project, numerous specific implementation decisions must be made to achieve the specific objectives of the developers, such as compliance with system-related and business-related restrictions. , which can vary from one implementation to another. Furthermore, it should be appreciated that this development effort could be complex and time consuming, but would nonetheless be a routine design, manufacture and build task for those of ordinary capacity who have the benefit of this description.

IMPIOS

MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PX0PI1DAD

When elements of various embodiments of the present invention are introduced, the articles "one", "one", "the" and "the" are intended to mean that there is one or more of the elements. The terms "comprising", "including" and "having" are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional items other than the items listed. Furthermore, it should be understood that references to "an embodiment" or of the present invention are not intended to be construed as excluding the existence of additional embodiments that also incorporate the stated features.

The embodiments of the present invention generally refer to an efficient network layer that can be used by devices that communicate with each other in a home environment. In general, consumers who live in homes may find it helpful to coordinate the operations of various devices within their home so that all of their devices are operated efficiently. For example, a thermostat device can be used to detect a temperature in a home and coordinate the activity of other devices (eg, lights) based on the detected temperature. In this example, the thermostat device can detect a temperature that can indicate that the temperature outside the home corresponds to daylight hours. The thermostat device can then transmit to the lighting device that daylight may be available for the home and that the light must therefore be turned off.

In addition to operating their devices efficiently, consumers generally prefer to use easy-to-use devices that involve a minimal amount of setup or initialization. That is, consumers generally prefer to purchase devices that are fully operational after completing a few initialization steps that can be performed by almost anyone 25 regardless of age or technical background.

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IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE

OF 1 / PROPERTY

With this in mind, to allow the devices^TBecause they effectively data each other within the home or home environment with minimal user involvement, devices can use an efficient network layer to manage their communication. That is, the efficient network layer can establish a communication network in which numerous devices within a home can communicate with each other through a wireless mesh network. The communication network can support Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) communication so that each connected device can have a unique Internet Protocol (IP) address. Furthermore, to allow each device to integrate with a house, it can be useful for each device to communicate within the network using low amounts of energy. That is, by enabling devices to communicate using low power, devices can be placed anywhere in a home without being coupled to a continuous power source.

The efficient network layer can thus establish a procedure in which data can be transferred between two or more devices in such a way that the establishment of the communication network involves little input from the user, the communication between the devices involves little energy , and the communication network itself is secure. In one embodiment, the efficient network layer can be an IPv6-based communication network that employs Next Generation Routing Information Protocol (RIPng) as its routing mechanism and can use a Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) protocol. ) as its security mechanism. In this way, the efficient network layer can provide a simple means to add or remove devices from a home while protecting the information transmitted between connected devices.

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MEXICAN INSTITUTE

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INDUSTRIAL

By way of introduction, Figure 1 illustrates an example of a general device 10 that can communicate with other similar devices within a home environment. In one embodiment, device 10 may include one or more sensors 12, a user interface component 14, a power source 16 (eg, including a power and / or battery collection), a network interface 18, a processor 20 and the like. Particular sensors 12, user interface components 14, and power supply configurations may be the same or similar with each device 10. However, it should be noted that in some embodiments, each device 10 may include particular sensors 12, interface components, user 14, power source settings and the like based on a device type or model.

The sensors 12, in certain modalities, can detect various properties such as acceleration, temperature, humidity, water, supplied energy, proximity, external movement, device movement, sound signals, ultrasound signals, light signals, fire, smoke, carbon monoxide, global positioning satellite (GPS) signals, radio frequency (RF), other electromagnetic signals or fields, or the like. Thus, sensors 12 may include temperature sensors, humidity sensors, hazard related sensors, or other environmental sensors, accelerometers, microphones, optical sensors up to and including cameras (eg, charged coupled device or video cameras), active radiation sensors, or passive, GPS receivers or radio frequency identification detectors. Although Figure 1 illustrates a single sensor modality, many modalities may include multiple sensors. In some cases, device 10 may include one or more primary sensors and one or more secondary sensors. Here, primary sensors can detect central data to the central operation of the device (for example,

MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY * detect a temperature in a thermostat or detect smoke in a smoke detector}, while secondary sensors can detect other types of data (for example, movement, light or sound), which can be used for purposes energy efficiency or smart operation goals.

J One or more user interface components 14 in device 10 may receive input from the user and / or present information to the user. The received input can be used to determine a configuration. In certain embodiments, user interface components can include a mechanical or virtual component that responds to user movement. For example, the user can mechanically move a sliding component (for example, along a vertical or horizontal track) or rotate a rotating ring (for example, along a circular lane), or move the user to the length of a touch pad can be detected. These movements may correspond to a configuration setting, which can be determined based on an absolute position of a user interface component 104 or based on a displacement of user interface components 104 (for example, by adjusting a temperature of fixed point at 1 degree C for every 10 ° of rotation of a rotating ring component). Virtually mobile and physical user interface components can allow a user to establish a configuration along a portion of an apparent continuum. Thus, the user might not be confined to choosing between two discrete options (for example, it would be the case if up and down buttons were used) but instead can quickly and intuitively define a configuration across a range of possible consideration values. For example, a magnitude of a movement of a user interface component may be associated with a magnitude of a configuration setting, such that a user can dramatically alter a

MEXICAN INSTITUTE ^W ELA PROPINAD configuration with a large movement or fine-tune a small movement.

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User interface components 14 may also include one or more buttons (eg, up and down buttons), an alphanumeric keyboard, a numeric keypad, a switch, a microphone, and / or a camera (eg, for gesture detection) . In one embodiment, user interface component 14 may include a click-and-rotate ring-ring component that can enable the user to interact with the component by rotating the ring (for example, to adjust a setting) and / or clicking the ring inward (for example, to select a tight setting or to select an option. In another embodiment, the user interface component 14 may include a camera that can detect gestures (for example, to indicate that a power or alarm status of a device is to be changed).

primary input, settings.

In some cases, device 10 may have a component that can be used to establish a plurality of types of

The user interface components 14 may also be configured to present information to a user through for example a visual presenter (eg, a presenter, a thin film transistor visual presenter, or organic light emitting diode visual presenter) and / or an audio speaker.

The power supply component 16 may include a power connection and / or a local battery. For example, the power connection can connect device 10 to a power source such as a line voltage source. In some cases, an AC power source can be used to repeatedly charge a local (eg rechargeable) battery so that the battery can be used more

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IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY late to supply power to device 10 when AC power is not available.

Network interface 18 may include a component that enables device 10 to communicate between devices. In one embodiment, network interface 18 can communicate using an efficient network layer as part of its Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. In one embodiment, the efficient network layer, which will be described in more detail below with reference to FIG. 5, can make it possible for device 10 to wirelessly communicate IPv6-like data or traffic using a RIPng routing mechanism and a DTLS security. In this way, the network interface 18 may include a wireless card or some other transceiver connection.

Processor 20 can support one or more of a variety of different device functionalities. Thus, processor 20 may include one or more processors configured and programmed to perform and / or cause one or more of the functionality described herein to be performed. In one embodiment, processor 20 may include general-purpose processors that perform computer code stored in local memory (eg, flash memory, hard drive, random access memory), special-purpose processors, or application-specific integrated circuits. , combinations thereof and / or use other types of hardware / firmware / software processing platforms. Furthermore, processor 20 can be implemented as localized versions or counterparts of algorithms carried out or remotely governed by central servers or cloud-based systems, such as by virtue of running a Java virtual machine (JVM) that executes instructions provided from a cloud server using Asynchronous JavaScript and XML) AJAX) or similar protocols. As an example, processor 20

IMPI®

INSTITUTO MEXICANO can detect when a location (for example, a house or

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up to and including if it is occupied by a specific person or if it is outcast by a specific number of people (for example, in relation to one or more thresholds). In one embodiment, this detection can occur, for example, by analyzing microphone signals, detecting user movements (for example, in front of a device), detecting opening and closing of doors or garage doors, detecting wireless signals, detecting an address IP of a received signal, detect operation of one or more devices within a time window or the like. Furthermore, processor 20 may include image recognition technology to identify particular occupants or targets.

In certain embodiments, processor 20 may also include a high energy processor or a low energy processor. The high power processor can perform computationally intensive operations such as operating user interface component 14 and the like. The low-energy processor, on the other hand, can handle less complex processes such as detecting a hazard or temperature of sensor 12. In one embodiment, the low-energy processor can wake up or initialize the high-energy processor for intensive computing processes.

In some cases, processor 20 can predict desirable configurations and / or implement those configurations. For example, based on presence detection, processor 20 can adjust device settings to, for example, conserve power when no one is home or in a particular room, or to match user preferences (for example, preferences in general home or user specific preferences). As another example, based on the detection of a particular person, animal, or object (for example, a child, pet, or lost object),

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MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY processor 20 may initiate an audio or visual indicator of where the person, animal, or object is or may initiate an alarm or security feature Vi an unrecognized person is detected under certain conditions (for example, in at night or when the lights are off).

In some cases, devices can interact with each other in such a way that events detected by a first device influence actions of a second device. For example, a first device may detect that a user has entered a garage (for example, by detecting movement in the garage, by detecting a change in the light in the garage, or by detecting the opening of the garage door). The first device can transmit this information to a second device through the efficient network layer, so that the second device can, for example, adjust a house temperature setting, a lighting setting, a music setting and / or a security alarm configuration. As another example, a first device can detect a user approaching a front door (for example, by detecting movement or repeating changes in light patterns). The first device may, for example, cause a general audio or visual signal to be displayed (eg, such as the sound of a doorbell) or cause a location-specific audio or visual signal to be displayed (eg, to announce the presence of the visitor inside a room that a user is occupying).

By way of example, device 10 may include a thermostat such as a Nest® learning thermostat. Here, the thermostat can include sensors 12 such as temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and the like in such a way that the thermostat can determine the current weather conditions within a building where the thermostat is located. The power supply component 16 for the thermostat can be a local battery such that the thermostat can be put on

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MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF PROPERTY anywhere in the building without problem of being placed in ce / C &amp; ñS ^ oxlTñi

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a continuous power source. Since the thermostat can be powered using a local battery, the thermostat can minimize its use of energy so that the battery is rarely replaced.

5. In one embodiment, the thermostat may include a circular rail that may have a rotating ring disposed therein as the user interface component.

14. Thus, a user can interact with or program the thermostat using the rotary ring in such a way that the thermostat controls the temperature of the building by controlling a heating, ventilation and air conditioning unit (HVAC) or the like.

In some cases, the thermostat can determine when the building may be vacant based on its schedule. For example, if the thermostat is programmed to keep the HVAC unit turned off for an extended period of time, the thermostat may determine that the building will be unoccupied during this period of time. Here, the thermostat can be programmed to turn off light switches or other electronic devices when it determines that the building is empty. In this way, the thermostat can use network interface 18 to communicate with a light switch device such that it can send a signal to the light switch device when the building is determined to be unoccupied. In this way, the thermostat can efficiently manage the building's energy use.

With the above in mind, Figure 2 illustrates a block diagram of a home environment 30 in which device 10 of Figure 1 can communicate with other devices through the efficient network layer. The illustrated home environment 30 may include a structure 32 such as a house, office building, garage, or mobile home. It will be appreciated that the devices can also be integrated into a home environment that does not include a complete structure 32, such as an apartment, condominium,

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INSTITUTO MEXICANO DE LA PROPIfDAp office space and the like. Also, home environment 30 can «BWtPOlar

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coupled to devices outside the actual structure 32. In facti several devices in the home environment 30 does not have to be physically within the structure 32 at all.

For example, a device that controls a pool boiler 34 or irrigation system 36 can be located outside of structure 32.

The illustrated structure 32 includes a number of rooms 38, at least partially separated from each other through walls 40. Walls 40 may include interior walls or walls 38. Each room 38 may further include a floor 42 and a ceiling 44. Devices may be mounted on, integrated with and / or supported by wall 40, floor 42, or ceiling 44.

The home environment 30 can include a plurality of devices, including smart, multi-detector, network-connected devices that can be uniformly integrated with each other and / or with cloud-based server systems to provide any of a variety of useful home targets. One, more, or each of the devices illustrated in home environment 30 may include one or more sensors 12, a user interface 14, a power source 16, a network interface 18, a processor 20, and the like.

Examples of devices 10 may include a network connected thermostat 46 such as the Nest® Learning Thermostat 1^to Generation T100577 or Nest® Learning Thermostat - 2^to Generation T200577 by Nest Labs., Inc. Thermostat 46 can detect environmental climate characteristics (eg, temperature and / or humidity) and control a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system 48. Another example device 10 it may include a hazard detection unit 50 such as a Nest® Hazard Detection Unit. Hazard detection unit 50 can detect the presence of a hazardous substance and / or a condition

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MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF PROPERTY dangerous in the home environment 30 (for example, smoke, fire or monoKrefcPoe

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In addition, a lobby interface device 52, which can-be called "smart doorbell" can detect a person's approach or departure to a location, control audible functionality, announce a person's approach or accommodation through media audio or visual, or control the settings of a security system (for example, to activate or deactivate the security system).

In certain embodiments, device 10 may include a light switch 54 that can detect ambient lighting conditions, detect room occupancy states, and control an energy and / or dimming state of one or more lights. In some cases, light switches 54 can control a power state or speed of a fan, such as a ceiling fan.

In addition, wall socket interfaces 56 can detect occupancy of a room or enclosure and control the power supply to one or more wall sockets (for example, such that no power is supplied to the socket if no one is home) . Device 10 within home environment 30 may further include an appliance 58, such as refrigerators, stoves, and / or ovens, televisions, washers, dryers, lights (inside and / or outside structure 32), stereos, intercom systems, garage door openers, floor fans, ceiling fans, full house fans, wall mounted air conditioners, pool boilers 34, irrigation systems 36, security systems, and so on. Although the descriptions in Figure 2 can identify specific sensors and functionalities associated with specific devices, it will be appreciated that any one of a variety of sensors and functionalities (such as those described throughout the description) can be integrated into device 10.

<img file="MX360484B_D0021.tif" />

IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE

OF THE PROPERTY

In addition to containing processing capabilities and (Head of the exemplary devices described above, it can be used for data communications and sharing information with any other device, as well as with any cloud server or any other device that is networked anywhere. in the world. In one embodiment, devices 10 can send and receive communications through the efficient network layer which will be described below with reference to FIG. 5. In one embodiment, the efficient network layer can enable devices 10 to communicate with each other. others through a wireless mesh network. In this way, certain devices can serve as wireless repeaters and / or 10 can function as bridges between devices in the home environment that may not be directly connected (i.e., a jump) to each other.

In one embodiment, a wireless router 60 can further communicate with devices 10 in home environment 30 through the wireless mesh network. Wireless router 60 can then communicate with Internet 62 in such a way that each device 10 can communicate with a central server or a cloud computing system 64 via Internet 62. The central server or cloud computing system 64 may be associated with a manufacturer, support entity, or service provider associated with a particular device 10. Thus, in one embodiment, a user may contact customer support using a device itself 20 instead of using some other means of communication such as a telephone or computer connected to the Internet. Furthermore, software updates can be automatically sent from the central server or cloud computing system 64 to the devices (for example, when they are available, when they are purchased or at routine intervals).

<img file="MX360484B_D0022.tif" />

IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE

OF THE PÍOHEDAD

By virtue of network connectivity, one or more of the 8l§ | 5Ssltívos may also allow a user to interact with the device and if the USlIáfió is not close to the device. For example, a user can communicate with a device using a computer (for example, a desktop, laptop, or tablet) or other portable electronic device (for example, a smartphone) 66. A web page or application can receive communications from the user and control device 10 based on the communications received. Furthermore, the web page or application can present information about the operation of the device to the user. For example, the user can view a current set point temperature for a device and adjust it using a computer that can be connected to the Internet 62. In this example, thermostat 46 can receive the current fixed point temperature view request through the wireless mesh network created using the efficient network layer.

In certain embodiments, the home environment 30 may also include a variety of non-communicative legacy appliances 68, such as washers / dryers, conventional and old refrigerators, and the like that can be controlled, albeit roughly (on / off), by virtue of the wall socket interfaces 56. The home environment 30 may further include a variety of legacy partial communication appliances 70, such as infrared (IR) controlled wall air conditioners or other IR controlled devices, which may be controlled by IR signals provided by the units of hazard detection 50 or light switches 54.

As mentioned above, each of the examples of devices 10 described above can establish a wireless mesh network in such a way that the data can be communicated to each device 10. Maintaining the example of the

IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY

<img file="MX360484B_D0023.tif" />

With the devices of Figure 2 in mind, Figure 3 illustrates an example of a wireless mesh network 80 that can be used to facilitate communication between some of the device examples described above. As shown in FIG. 3, thermostat 41 can have a direct wireless connection to plug interface 56, which can be wirelessly connected to hazard detection unit 50 and light switch 54. In the same way, light switch 54 can be wirelessly coupled to appliance 58 and portable electronic device 66. Appliance 58 can only be attached to pool boiler 34 and portable electronic device 66 can only be attached to Irrigation system 36. Irrigation system 36 can have a wireless connection to lobby interface device 52. Each device in the wireless mesh network 80 of FIG. 3 can correspond to a node within the wireless mesh network 80. In one embodiment, the efficient network layer can specify that each node transmit data using a RIPng protocol and a protocol DTLS in such a way that data can be safely transferred to a destination node through a minimum number of hops between nodes.

Generally, the efficient network layer can be part of an Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model 90 as illustrated in Figure 4. The OSI model 90 illustrates functions of a communication system with respect to abstraction layers. That is, the OSI model can specify a network framework or how communications between devices can be implemented. In an environment, the OSI model can include six layers: a physical layer 92, a data link layer 94, a network layer 96, a transport layer 98, a platform layer 100, and an application layer 102. Generally , each layer in the OSI 90 model can serve the layer above it and can be served by the layer below it. In at least some modalities, a higher layer may be agnostic to technologies used in higher layers.

IMPI INSTITUTO MEXICANO casualties. For example, in certain modes, the agnostic layer to the network type used in network layer 96 ._________

With this in mind, physical layer 92 can provide hardware specifications for devices that can communicate with each other. In this way, physical layer 92 can establish how devices can connect to each other, help manage how communication resources can be shared between devices, and the like.

Data link layer 94 can specify how data can be transferred between devices. Generally, data link layer 94 can provide a way in which data packets being transmitted can be bit encoded and decoded as part of a transmission protocol.

Network layer 96 can specify how data being transferred to a destination node is routed. Network layer 96 can also provide a security protocol that can maintain the integrity of the data being transferred.

Transport layer 98 can specify a transparent transfer of data from a source node to a destination node. Transport layer 98 can also control how transparent data transfer remains reliable. In this way, transport layer 98 can be used to verify that data packets destined to be transferred to the destination node actually arrive at the destination node. Examples of protocols that can be employed at transport layer 98 can include Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP).

<img file="MX360484B_D0024.tif" />

INSTITUTO MEX1CA NO. ,. . . □ £ Ι, Α PROPERTY

Platform layer 100 can establish connection (WWWtre> «spiDSfflvos according to the protocol specified within transport layer 08. ·· Platform layer 100 can also translate data packets in a way that can use the application layer 102. Application layer 102 can support a software application that can interface directly with the user Thus, application layer 102 can implement protocols defined by the software application. For example, the software application may provide services such as file transfers, email, and the like.

Referring now to FIG. 5, in one embodiment, network layer 96 and transport layer 98 may be configured in a way to form an efficient low-power wireless personal network (ELoWPAN) 110. In one embodiment, the ELoWPAN 110 can be based on an IEEE 802.15.4 network, which can correspond to low-speed wireless personal area networks (LR-WPANs). ELoWPAN 110 can specify that network layer 96 can route data between devices in home environment 30 using a communication protocol based on Internet protocol version 6 (IPv6). In this way, each device 10 can include a 128-bit IPv6 address that can provide each device 10 with a unique address for use in identifying itself on the Internet, a local network around the home environment 30, or the like.

In one embodiment, network layer 96 can specify what data can be routed between devices using the Next Generation Routing Information Protocol (RIPng). RIPng It is a routing protocol that routes data through a wireless mesh network based on a number of hops between the source node and the destination node. That is, RIPng can determine a route to the destination node from the source node that employs at least a number of hops when determining how the

<img file="MX360484B_D0025.tif" />

IMPI

INSTITUTO MEXICANO M THE PROPERTY industrial data will be routed. In addition to supporting data transfers over a wireless mesh network, RIPng is capable of supporting ihv6 air traffic. In this way, each device 10 can use a unique IPv6 address to identify itself and a unique IPv6 address to identify a destination node when routing data.

Additional details regarding how RIPng can send data between nodes will be described below with reference to Figure 6.

As mentioned above, network layer 96 can also provide a security protocol that can handle the integrity of the data being transferred. Here, the efficient network layer can secure data transferred between devices using a Datagram Transport Layer Security Protocol (DTLS). Generally, the Transport Layer Security Protocol (TLS) is commonly used to protect data transfer over the Internet. However, for the TLS protocol to be effective, the TLS protocol can transport data using a reliable transport channel such as a transmission control protocol (TCP). DTLS Provides a similar level of security for transferred data while supporting unreliable transport channels such as User Datagram Protocol (UDP). Additional details regarding the DTLS protocol will be described below with reference to Figures 8 and 9.

The network layer 96 illustrated in FIG. 6 is characterized here as the efficient network layer mentioned above. That is, the efficient network layer routes IPv6 data using RIPng and secures the routed data using the DTLS protocol. Since the efficient network layer uses the DTLS protocol to ensure data transfer between devices, transport layer 98 can support TCP and UDP transfer schemes for the data.

<img file="MX360484B_D0026.tif" />

IMPÍ

MEXICAN INSTITUTE

SAY THE PROPERTY

INDUSTRIAL

Referring now to Figure 6, Figure 6 illustrates a flowchart of a method 120 that can be used to determine a routing table for each device 10 in wireless mesh network 80 of Figure 3 using RIPng. The method

120 can be carried out by each device 10 in the home environment 30 in such a way

5 ^ that each device 10 can generate a routing table indicating how each

I node in the wireless mesh network 80 can connect to each other. In this way, each device 10 can independently determine how to route data to a destination node. In one embodiment, processor 20 of device 10 can perform method 120 using network interface 18. Thus, device 10 can send data associated with sensor 12 or determined by processor 18 to other devices 10 in the environment. Home 30 through network interface 18.

The following discussion of method 120 will be described with reference to Figures 7A-7D to clearly illustrate various blocks of method 120. With this in mind and referring to both Figure 6 and Figure 7A, at block 122, 15 device 10 can send a request 132 to any other device 10 that may be directly (i.e. zero hops) to requesting device 10. Request 132 can include a request for all routing information from respective device 10. For example, referring to Figure 7A, device 10 at node 1 can send request 132 to device 10 at node 2 to send all routes (i.e. 20 N2 routes) included in node 2 memory .

At block 124, the requesting device 10 can receive a message from the respective device 10 that can include all the routes included in the respective memory of the respective device 10. The routes can be organized in a routing table that can specify how each node in the 80 25 wireless mesh network can connect to each other. That is, the routing table can specify which nodes

<img file="MX360484B_D0027.tif" />

IMPI

INSTITUTO MEXICANO DE LA PROPIEDAD intermediaries can transfer data in such a way that the source datcWRSSiStífe to a destination node. Referring again to the example 'aiileiiui and ~ d la ily ~ 7B, in response to request from node 1 for routes from N2, in block 124, node 2 can send node 1 all routes (routes from N2 144) included in the memory or storage of node 2. In one embodiment, each node 2 of wireless mesh network 80 can send request 132 to its adjacent node as shown in Figure 7A. In response, each node can then send its routes to its adjacent node as shown in Figure 7B. For example, Figure 7B illustrates how each node sends its route data to each adjacent node as illustrated with routes from N1 142, routes from N2 144, routes from N3 146, routes from N4 148, routes from N5 150, N6 routes

152, N154 routes, N8 156 routes and N9 158 routes.

Initially, each node can know the nodes to which it can have a direct connection (that is, zero hops). For example, initially, node 2 may only know that it is directly connected to node 1, node 3, and node 4. However, after receiving routes from N1 142, routes from N3 146, and routes from N4 148, processor 20 From Node 2 you can build a routing table that includes all the information included with routes from N1 142, routes from N3 146, and routes from N4 148. In this way, the next time node 2 receives a request for its routes or routing table (i.e. N2 routes 144), node 2 can send a routing table that includes N1 routes 142, N2 routes , routes of N3 146 and routes of N4 148.

With this in mind and referring back to FIG. 6, at block 126, requesting device 10 can update its local routing table to include the routing information received from adjacent device 10. In certain embodiments, each device 10 may periodically perform method 120 such that each device 10 includes an updated routing table that

<img file="MX360484B_D0028.tif" />

each characterizes how each node in the other 8C wireless mesh network. As mentioned above, each time the device method 10 can receive additional information from its adjacent device 10 if the adjacent device 10 updated its routing table with the information received from its adjacent devices. As a result, each device 10 can understand how each node in the wireless mesh network 80 can connect to each other.

Figure 7C, for example, illustrates a routing table 172 that may have been determined by device 10 at node 1 using method 120. In this example, routing table 172 can specify each node in the wireless mesh network 80 as a destination node, the intermediate nodes between node 1 and each destination node, and a number of hops between node 1 and the destination node. The number of hops corresponds to a number of times that the data that is being sent to the destination node can be forwarded to an intermediate node before reaching the destination node. When sending data to a particular destination node, the RIPng routing scheme can select a route that includes the minimum number of hops. For example, if node 1 tried to send data to node 9, the RIPng routing scheme could route the data through nodes 2, 4, 5, and 8, which includes four hops, as opposed to routing the data through of nodes 2, 4, 6, 7 and 8, which includes five jumps.

By using the RIPng routing scheme, each device 10 can independently determine how data should be routed to a destination node. Conventional routing schemes such as Wave Routing Protocol (RPL) used in 6L0WPAN devices, on the other hand, can route data through a central node, which may be the only node that knows the structure of the mesh network wireless. More specifically, the RPL protocol can create a wireless mesh network according to a directed acyclic graph (DAG), which can be

IMPI

<img file="MX360484B_D0029.tif" />

MEXICAN INSTITUTE

OF PROPERTY structured as a hierarchy. Located at the top of this hierarchy, an edge router can be included, which can multitransmit unique links to lower level nodes to determine a classification for each of the node connections. Essentially, when data is transferred from a source node to a destination node, the data can be transferred to the node hierarchy and then back down to the destination node. In this way, nodes located higher in the hierarchy can route data more commonly than nodes located lower in the hierarchy. In addition, the RPL system's edge router may also be operating more frequently as it controls how data will be routed through the hierarchy. In the conventional RPL system, in contrast to the RIPng system taught here, some nodes may route data on a more frequent basis simply because of their location within the hierarchy and not because of their location with respect to the origin node and the node of destination. These nodes that route data more commonly under the RPL system may consume more power and thus may not be suitable to deploy with devices 10 in the home environment 10 that operate using low power. Furthermore, as mentioned above, if the edge router or any other higher level node of the RPL system corresponds to thermostat 46, the increased data routing activity may increase the heat produced within thermostat 46. As a result, the temperature reading of thermostat 46 may incorrectly represent the temperature of the home environment 30. Since other devices 10 can perform specific operations based on the temperature reading of thermostat 46, and since thermostat 46 can send commands to different devices 10 based on their temperature reading, it may be beneficial to ensure that the temperature reading of thermostat 46 is accurate.

<img file="MX360484B_D0030.tif" />

IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE

In addition to ensuring that none of the devices are disproportionately many times, using the scheme pnmtadn rip ^ q mipvng devices 10 can be added to the wireless mesh network with minimal effort by the user. For example, Figure 7D illustrates a new node 10 that is being added to the wireless mesh network 80. In certain embodiments, once node 10 establishes a connection to the wireless mesh network 80 (eg, through node 4), device 10 corresponding to node 10 can perform method 120 described above to determine how data can be routed to each node in the wireless mesh network 80. If each node in wireless mesh network 80 has already performed method 120 multiple times, device 10 at node 10 can receive the complete routing structure of wireless mesh network 80 from device 10 at node 4. In the same way, devices 10 can be removed from wireless mesh network 80 and each node can update its routing table with relative ease by performing method 120 again.

After establishing a routing scheme using the RIPng routing scheme, the ELoWPAN 110 can employ a DTLS protocol to ensure data communications between each device 10 in the home environment 30. As mentioned above, using the DTLS protocol instead of a TLS protocol, ELoWPAN 110 can enable transport layer 98 to send data via TCP and UDP.

Although UDP can be generally more unreliable compared to TCP, UDP data transfers employ a simple communication scheme without having dedicated transmission channels or data paths established before use. Thus, new devices 10 added to the wireless mesh network 80 can use UDP data transfers to communicate effectively with other devices.

10 on the wireless mesh network faster. In addition, data transfers

IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE

UDP generally uses less energy per device ^D1ítJiN ^ ERM »sta

<img file="MX360484B_D0031.tif" />

or by forwarding the data since there is no guarantee of pntrpga here inr dirpnniiion · -τη they can send non-critical data (for example, presence of a person in a room) using UDP data transfer, thus saving energy within the device 10. However, critical data (eg smoke alarm) can be sent via TCP data transfer to ensure that the appropriate party receives the data. To reiterate, using a TLC security scheme with ELoWPAN 110 can help facilitate UDP and TCP data transfers.

With this in mind, ELoWPAN 110 can employ the DTLS protocol to secure the data communicated between devices 10. In one embodiment, the DTLS protocol can secure data transfers using a transfer protocol. Generally, the transfer protocol can authenticate each communicating device using a security certificate that can be provided by each device 10. Fig. 8 illustrates an example of a manufacturing process 190 illustrating how the security certificate can be integrated into device 10.

Referring to FIG. 8, a trusted manufacturer 192 of device 10 can be provided with a number of security certificates that he can use for each device manufactured. Thus, while producing a device 10 that can be used in the home environment 30 and coupled to the wireless mesh network 80, the trusted manufacturer 192 can integrate a certificate 194 into the device 10 during the manufacturing process 190. That is, certificate 194 can be integrated into the hardware of device 10 during the manufacture of device 10. Certificate 194 can include a public key, a private key, or other cryptographic data that can be used to authenticate different communication devices within the wireless mesh network 80. As a result, once a user receives device 10, the user can

INSTITUTO MEXICANO DE LA PROPIEDAD INDUSTRIAL integrate device 10 into the wireless mesh network 80 without initializing or registering device 10 with a central security node or the like.

In conventional data communication security protocols such as the protocol for performing network access authentication (PANA) used in 6L0WPAN devices, each device 10 can authenticate itself with a specific node (i.e. authentication agent) . Thus, before the data is transferred between any two devices 10, each device 10 can authenticate itself with the node of the authentication agent. The authentication agent node can then transmit the result of the authentication to an execution point node, which can be co-located with the authentication agent node. The execution point node can then establish a data communication link between the two devices 10 if the authentications are valid. Furthermore, in PANA, each device 10 can communicate with each other through an execution point node, which can verify that the authentication for each device 10 is valid.

In this way, by using the DTLS protocol instead of PANA to ensure data transfers between nodes, the efficient network layer can avoid the use of an authorization agent node, a reinforcement point node or both excessively. That is, no node using the efficient network layer can be processing authentication data for each data transfer between nodes in the wireless mesh network. As a result, nodes using the efficient network layer can conserve more energy compared to the authorization agent node or the execution point node in the PANA protocol system.

With this in mind, Figure 9 illustrates an example of transfer protocol 200 that can be used between devices 10 when transferring data to each other. As shown in Figure 9, device 10 at node 1 can send a

IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE

OF THE PROPERTY

Message 202 puea® «8« r »Mn message 202 to device 10 at node 2.

<img file="MX360484B_D0032.tif" />

greeting which may include cipher suites, random number algorithms. Device 10 at node 2 can then respond with a message 204, which can verify that device 10 at node 2 received the message

202 coming from device 10 at node 1.

After establishing the connection between node 1 and node 2, device at node 1 can again send message 202 to device 10 at node 2. Device 10 at node 2 can then reply with message 202, which may include a greeting message from node 2, a certificate 194 from node 2, a key exchange from node 2, and a certificate request for node 1. The greeting message in message 208 may include cipher suites, recast and compression algorithms, and a random number. Certificate 194 may be the security certificate embedded within device 10 by trusted manufacturer 192 as described above with reference to Figure 8. The key exchange may include a public key, a private key, or other cryptographic information that can be used to determine a secret key to establish a communication channel between the two nodes. In one embodiment, the key exchange can be stored in the certificate 194 of the corresponding device 10 located in the respective node.

In response to message 208, device 10 at node 1 can send a message 210 which may include a node 1 certificate 194, a node 1 key exchange, a node 2 certificate verification, and a change digit specification of Node 1. In one mode, device 10 on node 1 can use node 2 certificate 194 and node 1 key exchange to verify node 2 certificate 194. That is, the device 10 at node 1 can verify that the certificate 194 received from node 2 is valid based on the certificate 194 from node 2 and the exchange of

<img file="MX360484B_D0033.tif" />

IMPI

MEXICAN INSTITUTE

OF THE PROPERTY

INDUSTRIAL node 1. If certificate 194 of node 2 is valid, device 10 at node 1 can send the change figure specification message to device 10 at node 2 to announce that the communication channel between the two nodes is secure.

Similarly, after receiving message 210, device 10 on node 2 can use node 1 certificate 194 and node exchange 2 to verify node 194 certificate 1. That is, device 10 on node 2 can verify that the received node 194 certificate 194 is valid based on the node 1 194 certificate and the node 2 key exchange. If node 1 certificate 194 is valid, device 10 at node 2 can also send the change figure specification message to device 10 at node 1 to announce that the communication channel between the two nodes is secure.

After establishing that the communication channel is secure, device 10 at node 1 can send a group network key 214 to device 10 at node 2. Group network key 214 can be associated with ELoWPAN 110. In this way In this way, by joining new devices to ELoWPAN 110, devices previously authorized to communicate within ELoWPAN 110 can provide access to new devices to ELoWPAN 110. That is, devices previously authorized to communicate within ELoWPAN 110 can provide group key 214 to new devices, which can enable new devices to communicate with other devices on ELoWPAN 110. For example, The pro group network key 214 can be used to communicate with other devices that have been properly authenticated and that have previously been provided with the group network key 214. In one embodiment, once the change figure specification message has been exchanged between device 10 at node 1 and device 10 at node 2, such identification information

<td></td><td>35 JA MEXICAN INSTITUTE like model number, device capabilities and the like piimf ^ eerS ^ ÉmSeOas between devices. However, after the diepe6¡tw © 4O ^ ajaoda2j £ Gjhe_group network key 214, additional information such as sensor data arranged in device 10, data analysis carried out by device 10 and the like can communicate between devices. By integrating the security certificate within device 10 during the manufacturing process, device 10 might not involve the user in establishing security or authentication processes for device 10. Furthermore, since device 10 can ensure that data is safely transferred between</td>

<td> 10</td><td>nodes based on a transfer protocol unlike a central authentication agent node, the security of data transfers in the wireless mesh network 80 may not be based on a single node for security. Instead, the efficient network layer can ensure that data can be safely transferred between nodes even when a node becomes unavailable. In this way, the layer</td>

<td> 15</td><td>Efficient networking can be much less vulnerable to security problems since it does not rely on a single node to secure data messages. The specific modalities described above have been shown by way of example, and it should be understood that these modalities may be susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms. Furthermore, it should be understood that the claims</td>

<td> 20</td><td>they are not intended to be limited to the particular forms described, but rather to cover modifications, equivalents, and alternatives that are within the spirit and scope of this</td>

invention.